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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yaşamı"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Yaşamı</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yaşamı-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ödülleri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ödülleri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ödülleri</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ödülleri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dış_bağlantılar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dış_bağlantılar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Dış bağlantılar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dış_bağlantılar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kaynakça" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 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cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Carol W. Greider</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Başka bir dildeki sayfaya gidin. 73 dilde mevcut" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-73" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">73 dil</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%9A%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Грейдер, Кэрол - Güney Altayca" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Грейдер, Кэрол" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="Güney Altayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Алтай тил</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%BA%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="كارول غريدر - Arapça" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كارول غريدر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="كارول جريدر - Mısır Arapçası" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كارول جريدر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Mısır Arapçası" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Greider" title="Carol Greider - Asturyasça" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Carol Greider" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturyasça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karel_Qreyder" title="Karel Qreyder - Azerbaycan dili" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Karel Qreyder" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaycan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84_%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="کارول گریدر - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کارول گریدر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Кэрол Грейдер - Başkırtça" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Кэрол Грейдер" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Başkırtça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Кэрал Грэйдэр - Belarusça" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кэрал Грэйдэр" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Карол Грейдър - Bulgarca" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Карол Грейдър" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E2%80%8C" title="ক্যারল গ্রেইডার‌ - Bengalce" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ক্যারল গ্রেইডার‌" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider - Boşnakça" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Carol W. Greider" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Boşnakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider - Katalanca" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Carol W. Greider" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%86%D9%84_%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B1" title="کارۆل گریدەر - Orta Kürtçe" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کارۆل گریدەر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Orta Kürtçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greiderov%C3%A1" title="Carol W. Greiderová - Çekçe" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Carol W. Greiderová" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Çekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider - Danca" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Carol W. Greider" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider - Almanca" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Carol W. Greider" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BB_%CE%93%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AD%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81" title="Κάρολ Γκρέιντερ - Yunanca" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κάρολ Γκρέιντερ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider - İngilizce" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Carol W. Greider" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="İngilizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Greider" title="Carol Greider - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Carol Greider" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Greider" title="Carol Greider - İspanyolca" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Carol Greider" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="İspanyolca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Greider" title="Carol Greider - Estonca" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Carol Greider" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider - Baskça" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Carol W. Greider" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84_%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="کارول گریدر - Farsça" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کارول گریدر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Farsça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider - Fince" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Carol W. Greider" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Greider" title="Carol Greider - Fransızca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Carol Greider" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Fransızca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Greider" title="Carol Greider - Galiçyaca" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Carol Greider" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galiçyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9C_%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%93%D7%A8" title="קרול גריידר - İbranice" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קרול גריידר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="İbranice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B0" title="कैरोल ग्रीडर - Hintçe" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कैरोल ग्रीडर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hintçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider - Hırvatça" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Carol W. Greider" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hırvatça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider - Macarca" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Carol W. Greider" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Macarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%AC_%D4%B3%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%A4%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Քերոլ Գրեյդեր - Ermenice" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քերոլ Գրեյդեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Ermenice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider - Endonezce" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Carol W. Greider" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Endonezce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Widney_Greider" title="Carol Widney Greider - Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Carol Widney Greider" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider - İzlandaca" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Carol W. Greider" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="İzlandaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider - İtalyanca" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Carol W. Greider" data-language-autonym="İtaliano" data-language-local-name="İtalyanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İtaliano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A3%E3%83%AD%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BBW%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%80%E3%83%BC" title="キャロル・W・グライダー - Japonca" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="キャロル・W・グライダー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="კეროლ გრეიდერი - Gürcüce" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კეროლ გრეიდერი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Gürcüce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Кэрол Грейдер - Kazakça" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кэрол Грейдер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BA%90%EB%9F%B4_%EA%B7%B8%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%94" title="캐럴 그라이더 - Korece" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="캐럴 그라이더" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carola_W._Greider" title="Carola W. Greider - Latince" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Carola W. Greider" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolyn_Widney_Carol_Greider" title="Carolyn Widney Carol Greider - Litvanca" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Carolyn Widney Carol Greider" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karola_Greidere" title="Karola Greidere - Letonca" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Karola Greidere" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%BE_%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%BC" title="കാരൾ ഗ്രെയ്ഡർ - Malayalam dili" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കാരൾ ഗ്രെയ്ഡർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82._%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B0" title="कॅरोल डब्ल्यू. ग्राइडर - Marathi dili" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कॅरोल डब्ल्यू. ग्राइडर" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider - Malayca" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Carol W. Greider" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84_%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="کارول گریدر - Mazenderanca" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کارول گریدر" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazenderanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Widney_Greider" title="Carol Widney Greider - Aşağı Almanca" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Carol Widney Greider" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Aşağı Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Greider" title="Carol Greider - Felemenkçe" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Carol Greider" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Felemenkçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Greider" title="Carol Greider - Norveççe Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Carol Greider" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveççe Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider - Oksitan dili" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Carol W. Greider" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%B0" title="ਕੈਰੋਲ ਗਰਾਈਡਰ - Pencapça" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੈਰੋਲ ਗਰਾਈਡਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pencapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Greider" title="Carol Greider - Lehçe" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Carol Greider" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Lehçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%84_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="کیرل گرائیدر - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کیرل گرائیدر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Greider" title="Carol Greider - Portekizce" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Carol Greider" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portekizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Greider" title="Carol Greider - Rumence" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Carol Greider" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%9A%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Грейдер, Кэрол - Rusça" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Грейдер, Кэрол" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider - Sicilyaca" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Carol W. Greider" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Greider" title="Carol Greider - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Carol Greider" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Greiderov%C3%A1" title="Carol Greiderová - Slovakça" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Carol Greiderová" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider - Slovence" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Carol W. Greider" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider - Arnavutça" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Carol W. Greider" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Arnavutça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Керол Грајдер - Sırpça" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Керол Грајдер" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Sırpça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Greider" title="Carol Greider - İsveççe" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Carol Greider" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="İsveççe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Greider" title="Carol Greider - Svahili dili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Carol Greider" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Svahili dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="கரோல் கிரெய்டர் - Tamilce" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கரோல் கிரெய்டர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Кэрол Грейдер - Tacikçe" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Кэрол Грейдер" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tacikçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%9A%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Грейдер, Кэрол - Tuvaca" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Грейдер, Кэрол" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Керол Грейдер - Ukraynaca" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Керол Грейдер" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraynaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84_%DA%88%D8%A8%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88._%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%88%D8%B1" title="کارول ڈبلیو. گریڈر - Urduca" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کارول ڈبلیو. گریڈر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urduca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider - Vietnamca" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Carol W. Greider" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%BD%97%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7" title="卡罗尔·格雷德 - Wu Çincesi" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="卡罗尔·格雷德" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Greider" title="Carol Greider - Yorubaca" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Carol Greider" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yorubaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%BD%97%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7" title="卡罗尔·格雷德 - Çince" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="卡罗尔·格雷德" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Çince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q26322#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Dillerarası bağlantıları değiştir" class="wbc-editpage">Bağlantıları değiştir</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ad alanları"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="İçerik sayfasını göster [c]" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28603389">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn" style="display:inline">Carol Greider</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Carol_Greider_by_Chris_Michel_1s946948-11-23.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Carol_Greider_by_Chris_Michel_1s946948-11-23.jpg/200px-Carol_Greider_by_Chris_Michel_1s946948-11-23.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Carol_Greider_by_Chris_Michel_1s946948-11-23.jpg/300px-Carol_Greider_by_Chris_Michel_1s946948-11-23.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Carol_Greider_by_Chris_Michel_1s946948-11-23.jpg/400px-Carol_Greider_by_Chris_Michel_1s946948-11-23.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8375" data-file-height="11167" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">2021'de Greider</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Doğum</th><td class="infobox-data">15 Nisan 1961<span class="noprint"> (<span class="currentage"></span>63 yaşında)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaliforniya" title="Kaliforniya">Kaliforniya</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Vatandaşlık</th><td class="infobox-data kategori">ABD</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mezun olduğu okul(lar)</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/California_%C3%9Cniversitesi" class="mw-redirect" title="California Üniversitesi">California Üniversitesi</a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" class="mw-redirect" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ödüller</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lasker_%C3%96d%C3%BCl%C3%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lasker Ödülü (sayfa mevcut değil)">Lasker Ödülü</a> (2006)<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louisa_Gross_Horwitz_%C3%96d%C3%BCl%C3%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louisa Gross Horwitz Ödülü (sayfa mevcut değil)">Louisa Gross Horwitz Ödülü</a> (2007)<br /><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Fizyoloji_veya_T%C4%B1p_%C3%96d%C3%BCl%C3%BC" title="Nobel Fizyoloji veya Tıp Ödülü">Nobel Fizyoloji veya Tıp Ödülü</a> (2009)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r28603389"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Kariyeri</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dalı</th><td class="infobox-data category">Moleküler biyoloji</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Çalıştığı kurumlar</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cold_Spring_Harbor_Laboratory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (sayfa mevcut değil)">Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_%C3%9Cniversitesi" title="Johns Hopkins Üniversitesi">Johns Hopkins Üniversitesi</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div align="center"></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Carolyn Widney "<i>Carol</i>" Greider</b> (d. 15 Nisan 1961), Amerikalı moleküler biyolog. <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_%C3%9Cniversitesi" title="Johns Hopkins Üniversitesi">Johns Hopkins Üniversitesi</a>'nde profesör,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Moleküler Biyoloji ve Genetik Bölümü Direktörü</i>. <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Blackburn" title="Elizabeth Blackburn">Elizabeth Blackburn</a>'ün <a href="/wiki/Kaliforniya_%C3%9Cniversitesi" title="Kaliforniya Üniversitesi">Kaliforniya Üniversitesi</a>'nde yüksek lisans öğrencisi iken, 1984 yılında <a href="/wiki/Telomeraz" title="Telomeraz">telomeraz</a> enzimini keşfetti. Greider, <a href="/wiki/Kromozom" title="Kromozom">kromozom</a> uçlarındaki <a href="/wiki/Telomer" title="Telomer">telomer</a> yapısı ile ilgili araştırmalara öncülük etmiştir. <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Blackburn" title="Elizabeth Blackburn">Elizabeth Blackburn</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Jack_W._Szostak" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack W. Szostak">Jack W. Szostak</a> ile birlikte telomer yapısının telomeraz enzimi ile ilerleyici kısalmalardan nasıl korunduğunu keşfetmesi sebebiyle 2009 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Fizyoloji_veya_T%C4%B1p_%C3%96d%C3%BCl%C3%BC" title="Nobel Fizyoloji veya Tıp Ödülü">Nobel Fizyoloji veya Tıp Ödülü</a>'nü kazandı.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Yaşamı"><span id="Ya.C5.9Fam.C4.B1"></span>Yaşamı</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carol_W._Greider&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Yaşamı" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carol_W._Greider&action=edit&section=1" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Yaşamı"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Greider, <a href="/wiki/Kaliforniya" title="Kaliforniya">Kaliforniya</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>'da doğdu.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Babası Kenneth Greider bir <a href="/wiki/Fizik" title="Fizik">fizik</a> profesörüydü.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ailesi, ilk yıllarının çoğunu geçirdiği San Diego'dan <a href="/wiki/Davis,_Kaliforniya" title="Davis, Kaliforniya">Davis, Kaliforniya</a>'ya taşındı. Greider 1979'da <a href="/w/index.php?title=Davis_Senior_Lisesi%27nden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Davis Senior Lisesi'nden (sayfa mevcut değil)">Davis Senior Lisesi'nden</a> mezun oldu. Kaliforniya Üniversitesi, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_California,_Santa_Barbara" class="extiw" title="en:University of California, Santa Barbara">Santa Barbara</a>'daki <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_of_Creative_Studies" class="extiw" title="en:College of Creative Studies">Yaratıcı Çalışmalar Koleji</a>'nden 1983'te <a href="/wiki/Biyoloji" title="Biyoloji">biyoloji</a> alanında lisans derecesi ile mezun oldu. DAha sonra <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ttingen_%C3%9Cniversitesi" title="Göttingen Üniversitesi">Göttingen Üniversitesi</a>'nde de eğitim aldı ve orada önemli keşifler yaptı.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Greider <a href="/wiki/Disleksi" title="Disleksi">disleksiktir</a> ve <i>telafi edici becerilerinin bir bilim insanı olarak başarımda rol oynadı çünkü aynı anda devam eden birçok farklı şeyi sezmek ve bunları belirli bir soruna uygulamak zorundaydım</i> demiştir.<sup id="cite_ref-en.wikipedia.org_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-en.wikipedia.org-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Greider birinci sınıftaki ödevlerini kontrol etmek için geri aldığında, tersten sözcükler gibi hata kalıplarını görmeye başladığında disleksiden şüphelenmişti.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Greider, kelimelerin yazılışını seslendirmeye çalışmak yerine kelimeleri ve yazımlarını ezberlemeye başladı. Profesyonel yaşamında başarılı olmak için disleksisinin üstesinden gelmek için önemli ölçüde çalıştı. Disleksisinin farklılıkları takdir etmesine ve alışılmadık bir organizma olan <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrahymena" class="extiw" title="en:Tetrahymena">Tetrahymena</a> ile çalışmak gibi kararlar almasına yardımcı olduğu için memnun olduğunu belirtti. </p><p>Greider, disleksi nedeniyle düşük <a href="/w/index.php?title=GRE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GRE (sayfa mevcut değil)">GRE</a> puanları alması nedeniyle başlangıçta lisansüstü bir okula girmekte zorluk çekiyordu. Yüksek lisans için 13 üniversiteye başvurdu ve yalnızca ikisine, <a href="/wiki/Kaliforniya_Teknoloji_Enstit%C3%BCs%C3%BC" title="Kaliforniya Teknoloji Enstitüsü">Kaliforniya Teknoloji Enstitüsü</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Kaliforniya_%C3%9Cniversitesi_(Berkeley)" title="Kaliforniya Üniversitesi (Berkeley)">Kaliforniya Üniversitesi (Berkeley)</a>'e kabul edildi. Bunlardan Elizabeth Blackburn ile çalışabileceği ve ikisinin telomeraz keşiflerini yapacağı Berkeley'i seçti. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ödülleri"><span id=".C3.96d.C3.BClleri"></span>Ödülleri</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carol_W._Greider&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Ödülleri" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carol_W._Greider&action=edit&section=2" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Ödülleri"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Gairdner Vakfı Uluslararası Ödülü (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gairdner_Foundation_International_Award" class="extiw" title="en:Gairdner Foundation International Award">en</a>)(1998)</li> <li>Amerikan Hücre Biyolojisi Derneği (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Society_for_Cell_Biology" class="extiw" title="en:American Society for Cell Biology">en</a>) üyesi (1999)</li> <li>Başarı Akademisi (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academy_of_Achievement" class="extiw" title="en:Academy of Achievement">en</a>) Altın Plaka Ödülü (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Amerikan_Sanat_ve_Bilimler_Akademisi" title="Kategori:Amerikan Sanat ve Bilimler Akademisi">Amerikan Sanatlar ve Bilimler Akademisi</a> üyesi (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABD_Ulusal_Bilimler_Akademisi" class="mw-redirect" title="ABD Ulusal Bilimler Akademisi">ABD Ulusal Bilimler Akademisi</a> üyesi (2003)</li> <li>Richard Lounsbery Ödülü (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Lounsbery_Award" class="extiw" title="en:Richard Lounsbery Award">en</a>)(2003), <a href="/wiki/ABD_Ulusal_Bilimler_Akademisi" class="mw-redirect" title="ABD Ulusal Bilimler Akademisi">Ulusal Bilimler Akademisi</a></li> <li>Biyokimya ve Moleküler Biyoloji American Society (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Society_for_Biochemistry_and_Molecular_Biology" class="extiw" title="en:American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology">en</a>) üyesi (2004)</li> <li>Albert Lasker, Temel Tıp Araştırma Ödülü (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Lasker_Award_for_Basic_Medical_Research" class="extiw" title="en:Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research">en</a>)(2006) (<a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Blackburn" title="Elizabeth Blackburn">Elizabeth Blackburn</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Jack_Szostak" title="Jack Szostak">Jack Szostak</a> ile paylaşımlı)</li> <li>Dickson Tıp Ödülü (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dickson_Prize_in_Medicine" class="extiw" title="en:Dickson Prize in Medicine">en</a>)(2006)</li> <li>Wiley Biyomedikal Bilimler Ödülü (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiley_Prize" class="extiw" title="en:Wiley Prize">en</a>)(2006) (<a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Blackburn" title="Elizabeth Blackburn">Elizabeth Blackburn</a> ile paylaşımlı)</li> <li>Louisa Gross Horwitz Ödülü (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisa_Gross_Horwitz_Prize" class="extiw" title="en:Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize">en</a>)(2007) (<a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Blackburn" title="Elizabeth Blackburn">Elizabeth Blackburn</a> ve <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_G._Gall" class="extiw" title="en:Joseph G. Gall">Joseph G. Gall</a> ile paylaşılan)</li> <li>Nobel Fizyoloji veya Tıp Ödülü (2009) (<a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Blackburn" title="Elizabeth Blackburn">Elizabeth Blackburn</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Jack_Szostak" title="Jack Szostak">Jack Szostak</a> ile paylaşımlı)</li> <li>Paul Ehrlich ve Ludwig Darmstaedter Ödülü (2009) (<a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Blackburn" title="Elizabeth Blackburn">Elizabeth Blackburn</a> ile paylaşımlı)</li> <li>Tıp Enstitüsü üyesi (2010)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dış_bağlantılar"><span id="D.C4.B1.C5.9F_ba.C4.9Flant.C4.B1lar"></span>Dış bağlantılar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carol_W._Greider&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Dış bağlantılar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carol_W._Greider&action=edit&section=3" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Dış bağlantılar"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2009/press.html">Nobel Prize information</a>27 Ocak 2012 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120127131514/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2009/press.html">arşivlendi</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greiderlab.org/">Greider Lab</a>5 Şubat 2012 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120205185939/http://www.greiderlab.org/">arşivlendi</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110719215957/http://www.mbg.jhmi.edu/Pages/people/profile.aspx?PID=11">Faculty biography at Johns Hopkins</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kaynakça"><span id="Kaynak.C3.A7a"></span>Kaynakça</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carol_W._Greider&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Kaynakça" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carol_W._Greider&action=edit&section=4" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Kaynakça"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r32805677">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-count:2}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-count:3}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">^<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.mbg.jhmi.edu/Pages/people/profile.aspx?PID=11">http://www.mbg.jhmi.edu/Pages/people/profile.aspx?PID=11</a> 19 Temmuz 2011 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110719215957/http://www.mbg.jhmi.edu/Pages/people/profile.aspx?PID=11">arşivlendi</a>. "Carol Greider". Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics. Johns Hopkins Medicine. erişim tarihi=9 Haziran 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">^ "Blackburn, Greider, and Szostak share Nobel". Dolan DNA Learning Center. Erişim tarihi 2009-10-05.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080206124848/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider#cite_note-3">"Hopkins "Telomere" expert Carol Greider shares Germany's largest science prize"</a>. 6 Şubat 2008 tarihinde <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider#cite_note-3">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hopkins+%E2%80%9CTelomere%E2%80%9D+expert+Carol+Greider+shares+Germany%27s+largest+science+prize&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCarol_W._Greider%23cite_note-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ACarol+W.+Greider" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080206124848/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider#cite_note-4">"<span style="padding-left:0.2em;">"</span>Former Davis resident receives Nobel Prize". The California Aggie. October 12, 2009. Retrieved April 7, 2015"</a>. 6 Şubat 2008 tarihinde <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider#cite_note-4">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Former+Davis+resident+receives+Nobel+Prize%22.+The+California+Aggie.+October+12%2C+2009.+Retrieved+April+7%2C+2015.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCarol_W._Greider%23cite_note-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ACarol+W.+Greider" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080206124848/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider#cite_note-5">"Press release, University of Göttingen (December 9, 2009). (German)"</a>. 6 Şubat 2008 tarihinde <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider#cite_note-5">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Press+release%2C+University+of+G%C3%B6ttingen+%28December+9%2C+2009%29.+%28German%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCarol_W._Greider%23cite_note-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ACarol+W.+Greider" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-en.wikipedia.org-6"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-en.wikipedia.org_6-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080206124848/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider#cite_note-YaleDyslexic-6">"Kathy Crockett. "Carol Greider, Scientist, Nobel Prize Winner". Yale University. The Yale Center for Dyslexia & Creativity. Retrieved March 5, 2015"</a>. 6 Şubat 2008 tarihinde <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider#cite_note-YaleDyslexic-6">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kathy+Crockett.+%22Carol+Greider%2C+Scientist%2C+Nobel+Prize+Winner%22.+Yale+University.+The+Yale+Center+for+Dyslexia+%26+Creativity.+Retrieved+March+5%2C+2015.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCarol_W._Greider%23cite_note-YaleDyslexic-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ACarol+W.+Greider" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080206124848/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider#cite_note-7">"<span style="padding-left:0.2em;">"</span>Carol W. Greider – Biographical". www.nobelprize.org. Retrieved September 28, 2017"</a>. 6 Şubat 2008 tarihinde <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_W._Greider#cite_note-7">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Carol+W.+Greider+%E2%80%93+Biographical%22.+www.nobelprize.org.+Retrieved+September+28%2C+2017.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCarol_W._Greider%23cite_note-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ACarol+W.+Greider" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Nobel_Fizyoloji_veya_Tıp_Ödülü_sahipleri" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25548259">.mw-parser-output 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title="İvan Pavlov">İvan Pavlov</a> (1904)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Koch" title="Robert Koch">Robert Koch</a> (1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camillo_Golgi" title="Camillo Golgi">Camillo Golgi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Santiago_Ram%C3%B3n_y_Cajal" title="Santiago Ramón y Cajal">Santiago Ramón y Cajal</a> (1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Louis_Alphonse_Laveran" title="Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran">Alphonse Laveran</a> (1907)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0lya_Me%C3%A7nikov" title="İlya Meçnikov">İlya Meçnikov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Ehrlich" title="Paul Ehrlich">Paul Ehrlich</a> (1908)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emil_Theodor_Kocher" title="Emil Theodor Kocher">Emil Kocher</a> (1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albrecht_Kossel" title="Albrecht Kossel">Albrecht Kossel</a> (1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allvar_Gullstrand" title="Allvar Gullstrand">Allvar Gullstrand</a> (1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_Carrel" title="Alexis Carrel">Alexis Carrel</a> (1912)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Robert_Richet" title="Charles Robert Richet">Charles Robert Richet</a> (1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_B%C3%A1r%C3%A1ny" title="Robert Bárány">Robert Bárány</a> (1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Bordet" title="Jules Bordet">Jules Bordet</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Krogh" title="August Krogh">August Krogh</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Hill" title="Archibald Hill">Archibald Hill</a> / <a href="/wiki/Otto_Fritz_Meyerhof" title="Otto Fritz Meyerhof">Otto Meyerhof</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Banting" title="Frederick Banting">Frederick Banting</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_James_Rickard_Macleod" title="John James Rickard Macleod">John Macleod</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willem_Einthoven" title="Willem Einthoven">Willem Einthoven</a> (1924)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Nobel_Prize.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/tr/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/80px-Nobel_Prize.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/tr/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/120px-Nobel_Prize.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/tr/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/160px-Nobel_Prize.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1926-1950</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Andreas_Grib_Fibiger" title="Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger">Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Wagner-Jauregg" title="Julius Wagner-Jauregg">Julius Wagner-Jauregg</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Nicolle" title="Charles Nicolle">Charles Nicolle</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christiaan_Eijkman" title="Christiaan Eijkman">Christiaan Eijkman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Gowland_Hopkins" title="Frederick Gowland Hopkins">Frederick Gowland Hopkins</a> (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Landsteiner" title="Karl Landsteiner">Karl Landsteiner</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Heinrich_Warburg" title="Otto Heinrich Warburg">Otto Warburg</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Scott_Sherrington" title="Charles Scott Sherrington">Charles Scott Sherrington</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Douglas_Adrian" title="Edgar Douglas Adrian">Edgar Adrian</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hunt_Morgan" title="Thomas Hunt Morgan">Thomas Morgan</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Whipple" title="George Whipple">George Whipple</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Minot" title="George Minot">George Minot</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_P._Murphy" title="William P. Murphy">William Murphy</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Spemann" title="Hans Spemann">Hans Spemann</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hallett_Dale" title="Henry Hallett Dale">Henry Dale</a> / <a href="/wiki/Otto_Loewi" title="Otto Loewi">Otto Loewi</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Szent-Gy%C3%B6rgyi" title="Albert Szent-Györgyi">Albert Szent-Györgyi</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corneille_Heymans" title="Corneille Heymans">Corneille Heymans</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Domagk" title="Gerhard Domagk">Gerhard Domagk</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Dam" title="Henrik Dam">Henrik Dam</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Adelbert_Doisy" title="Edward Adelbert Doisy">Edward Doisy</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Erlanger" title="Joseph Erlanger">Joseph Erlanger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Spencer_Gasser" title="Herbert Spencer Gasser">Herbert Gasser</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Fleming" title="Alexander Fleming">Alexander Fleming</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Boris_Chain" title="Ernst Boris Chain">Ernst Chain</a> / <a href="/wiki/Howard_Walter_Florey" title="Howard Walter Florey">Howard Walter Florey</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Joseph_Muller" title="Hermann Joseph Muller">Hermann Muller</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Ferdinand_Cori" title="Carl Ferdinand Cori">Carl Cori</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gerty_Theresa_Cori" title="Gerty Theresa Cori">Gerty Theresa Cori</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Houssay" title="Bernardo Houssay">Bernardo Houssay</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hermann_M%C3%BCller" title="Paul Hermann Müller">Paul Müller</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Rudolf_Hess" title="Walter Rudolf Hess">Walter Hess</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Egas_Moniz" title="António Egas Moniz">António Egas Moniz</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Calvin_Kendall" title="Edward Calvin Kendall">Edward Kendall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tadeus_Reichstein" title="Tadeus Reichstein">Tadeus Reichstein</a> / <a href="/wiki/Philip_Showalter_Hench" title="Philip Showalter Hench">Philip Hench</a> (1950)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951-1975</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Max_Theiler" title="Max Theiler">Max Theiler</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selman_Abraham_Waksman" title="Selman Abraham Waksman">Selman Abraham Waksman</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Adolf_Krebs" title="Hans Adolf Krebs">Hans Krebs</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Albert_Lipmann" title="Fritz Albert Lipmann">Fritz Lipmann</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Franklin_Enders" title="John Franklin Enders">John Enders</a> / <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Huckle_Weller" title="Thomas Huckle Weller">Thomas Weller</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Chapman_Robbins" title="Frederick Chapman Robbins">Frederick Robbins</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Theorell" title="Hugo Theorell">Hugo Theorell</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Cournand" title="André Frédéric Cournand">André Cournand</a> / <a href="/wiki/Werner_Forssmann" title="Werner Forssmann">Werner Forssmann</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dickinson_Woodruff_Richards" title="Dickinson Woodruff Richards">Dickinson Woodruff Richards</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bovet" title="Daniel Bovet">Daniel Bovet</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Wells_Beadle" title="George Wells Beadle">George Beadle</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Lawrie_Tatum" title="Edward Lawrie Tatum">Edward Tatum</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Lederberg" title="Joshua Lederberg">Joshua Lederberg</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severo_Ochoa" title="Severo Ochoa">Severo Ochoa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Kornberg" title="Arthur Kornberg">Arthur Kornberg</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Macfarlane_Burnet" title="Frank Macfarlane Burnet">Frank Burnet</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Medawar" title="Peter Medawar">Peter Medawar</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_von_B%C3%A9k%C3%A9sy" title="Georg von Békésy">Georg von Békésy</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick">Francis Crick</a> / <a href="/wiki/James_Dewey_Watson" title="James Dewey Watson">James Dewey Watson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Wilkins" title="Maurice Wilkins">Maurice Wilkins</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Carew_Eccles" title="John Carew Eccles">John Eccles</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alan_Lloyd_Hodgkin" title="Alan Lloyd Hodgkin">Alan Hodgkin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Huxley" title="Andrew Huxley">Andrew Huxley</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Emil_Bloch" title="Konrad Emil Bloch">Konrad Bloch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Feodor_Felix_Konrad_Lynen" title="Feodor Felix Konrad Lynen">Feodor Lynen</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Jacob" title="François Jacob">François Jacob</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Michel_Lwoff" title="André Michel Lwoff">André Lwoff</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Monod" title="Jacques Monod">Jacques Monod</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Peyton_Rous" title="Francis Peyton Rous">Francis Rous</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_Brenton_Huggins" title="Charles Brenton Huggins">Charles B. Huggins</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragnar_Granit" title="Ragnar Granit">Ragnar Granit</a> / <a href="/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline">Haldan Hartline</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Wald" title="George Wald">George Wald</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_William_Holley" title="Robert William Holley">Robert William Holley</a> / <a href="/wiki/Har_Gobind_Khorana" title="Har Gobind Khorana">Har Khorana</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Warren_Nirenberg" title="Marshall Warren Nirenberg">Marshall Nirenberg</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Delbr%C3%BCck" title="Max Delbrück">Max Delbrück</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hershey" title="Alfred Hershey">Alfred Hershey</a> / <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Edward_Luria" title="Salvador Edward Luria">Salvador Edward Luria</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Katz" title="Bernard Katz">Bernard Katz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ulf_von_Euler" title="Ulf von Euler">Ulf von Euler</a> / <a href="/wiki/Julius_Axelrod" title="Julius Axelrod">Julius Axelrod</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Wilbur_Sutherland" title="Earl Wilbur Sutherland">Earl Sutherland, Jr.</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Edelman" title="Gerald Edelman">Gerald Edelman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rodney_Robert_Porter" title="Rodney Robert Porter">Rodney Porter</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_von_Frisch" title="Karl von Frisch">Karl von Frisch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Lorenz" title="Konrad Lorenz">Konrad Lorenz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nikolaas_Tinbergen" title="Nikolaas Tinbergen">Nikolaas Tinbergen</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Claude" title="Albert Claude">Albert Claude</a> / <a href="/wiki/Christian_de_Duve" title="Christian de Duve">Christian de Duve</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Emil_Palade" title="George Emil Palade">George Palade</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Baltimore" title="David Baltimore">David Baltimore</a> / <a href="/wiki/Renato_Dulbecco" title="Renato Dulbecco">Renato Dulbecco</a> / <a href="/wiki/Howard_Martin_Temin" title="Howard Martin Temin">Howard Temin</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976-2000</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg" title="Baruch Samuel Blumberg">Baruch Blumberg</a> / <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Carleton_Gajdusek" title="Daniel Carleton Gajdusek">Daniel Gajdusek</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Guillemin" title="Roger Guillemin">Roger Guillemin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Schally" title="Andrew Schally">Andrew Schally</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rosalyn_Sussman_Yalow" title="Rosalyn Sussman Yalow">Rosalyn Yalow</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Arber" title="Werner Arber">Werner Arber</a> / <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Nathans" title="Daniel Nathans">Daniel Nathans</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_O._Smith" title="Hamilton O. Smith">Hamilton O. Smith</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_McLeod_Cormack" title="Allan McLeod Cormack">Allan Cormack</a> / <a href="/wiki/Godfrey_Hounsfield" title="Godfrey Hounsfield">Godfrey Hounsfield</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baruj_Benacerraf" title="Baruj Benacerraf">Baruj Benacerraf</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jean_Dausset" title="Jean Dausset">Jean Dausset</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Davis_Snell" title="George Davis Snell">George Snell</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Wolcott_Sperry" title="Roger Wolcott Sperry">Roger Sperry</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_H._Hubel" title="David H. Hubel">David H. Hubel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Torsten_N._Wiesel" title="Torsten N. Wiesel">Torsten N. Wiesel</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sune_Bergstr%C3%B6m" title="Sune Bergström">Sune Bergström</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bengt_I._Samuelsson" title="Bengt I. Samuelsson">Bengt I. Samuelsson</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Robert_Vane" title="John Robert Vane">John Robert Vane</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_McClintock" title="Barbara McClintock">Barbara McClintock</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niels_Kaj_Jerne" title="Niels Kaj Jerne">Niels Jerne</a> / <a href="/wiki/Georges_J._F._K%C3%B6hler" title="Georges J. F. Köhler">Georges Köhler</a> / <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Milstein" title="César Milstein">César Milstein</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Stuart_Brown" title="Michael Stuart Brown">Michael Brown</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Goldstein" title="Joseph L. Goldstein">Joseph L. Goldstein</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cohen_(biyokimyager)" title="Stanley Cohen (biyokimyager)">Stanley Cohen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rita_Levi-Montalcini" title="Rita Levi-Montalcini">Rita Levi-Montalcini</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susumu_Tonegawa" title="Susumu Tonegawa">Susumu Tonegawa</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_W._Black" title="James W. Black">James W. Black</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gertrude_B._Elion" class="mw-redirect" title="Gertrude B. Elion">Gertrude B. Elion</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_H._Hitchings" title="George H. Hitchings">George H. Hitchings</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Michael_Bishop" title="J. Michael Bishop">J. Michael Bishop</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harold_E._Varmus" title="Harold E. Varmus">Harold E. Varmus</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Murray" title="Joseph Murray">Joseph Murray</a> / <a href="/wiki/E._Donnall_Thomas" title="E. Donnall Thomas">E. Donnall Thomas</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erwin_Neher" title="Erwin Neher">Erwin Neher</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bert_Sakmann" title="Bert Sakmann">Bert Sakmann</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmond_H._Fischer" title="Edmond H. Fischer">Edmond Fischer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edwin_G._Krebs" title="Edwin G. Krebs">Edwin G. Krebs</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_J._Roberts" title="Richard J. Roberts">Richard J. Roberts</a> / <a href="/wiki/Phillip_Allen_Sharp" title="Phillip Allen Sharp">Phillip Sharp</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_G._Gilman" title="Alfred G. Gilman">Alfred G. Gilman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martin_Rodbell" title="Martin Rodbell">Martin Rodbell</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_B._Lewis" title="Edward B. Lewis">Edward B. Lewis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Christiane_N%C3%BCsslein-Volhard" title="Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard">Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eric_F._Wieschaus" title="Eric F. Wieschaus">Eric F. Wieschaus</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_C._Doherty" title="Peter C. Doherty">Peter C. Doherty</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rolf_M._Zinkernagel" title="Rolf M. Zinkernagel">Rolf M. Zinkernagel</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_B._Prusiner" title="Stanley B. Prusiner">Stanley B. Prusiner</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Furchgott" title="Robert F. Furchgott">Robert F. Furchgott</a> / <a href="/wiki/Louis_Ignarro" title="Louis Ignarro">Louis Ignarro</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ferid_Murad" title="Ferid Murad">Ferid Murad</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Blobel" title="Günter Blobel">Günter Blobel</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson">Arvid Carlsson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Greengard" title="Paul Greengard">Paul Greengard</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eric_Kandel" title="Eric Kandel">Eric Kandel</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001-günümüz</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leland_H._Hartwell" title="Leland H. Hartwell">Leland H. Hartwell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tim_Hunt" title="Tim Hunt">Tim Hunt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Nurse" title="Paul Nurse">Paul Nurse</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner">Sydney Brenner</a> / <a href="/wiki/H._Robert_Horvitz" title="H. Robert Horvitz">H. Robert Horvitz</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_E._Sulston" title="John E. Sulston">John E. Sulston</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Lauterbur" title="Paul Lauterbur">Paul Lauterbur</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Mansfield" title="Peter Mansfield">Peter Mansfield</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel">Richard Axel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Linda_B._Buck" title="Linda B. Buck">Linda B. Buck</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall">Barry Marshall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robin_Warren" title="Robin Warren">Robin Warren</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Z._Fire" title="Andrew Z. Fire">Andrew Z. Fire</a> / <a href="/wiki/Craig_C._Mello" title="Craig C. Mello">Craig C. Mello</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Capecchi" title="Mario Capecchi">Mario Capecchi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martin_Evans" title="Martin Evans">Martin Evans</a> / <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Smithies" title="Oliver Smithies">Oliver Smithies</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_zur_Hausen" title="Harald zur Hausen">Harald zur Hausen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Luc_Montagnier" title="Luc Montagnier">Luc Montagnier</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise_Barr%C3%A9-Sinoussi" title="Françoise Barré-Sinoussi">Françoise Barré-Sinoussi</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Blackburn" title="Elizabeth Blackburn">Elizabeth Blackburn</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Carol W. Greider</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jack_Szostak" title="Jack Szostak">Jack Szostak</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_G._Edwards" title="Robert G. Edwards">Robert G. Edwards</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Beutler" title="Bruce Beutler">Bruce Beutler</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jules_A._Hoffmann" title="Jules A. Hoffmann">Jules A. Hoffmann</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ralph_M._Steinman" title="Ralph M. Steinman">Ralph M. Steinman</a> (<i>ölümünden sonra</i>) (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gurdon" title="John Gurdon">John Gurdon</a> / <a href="/wiki/Shinya_Yamanaka" title="Shinya Yamanaka">Shinya Yamanaka</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Rothman" title="James Rothman">James Rothman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Randy_Schekman" title="Randy Schekman">Randy Schekman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._S%C3%BCdhof" title="Thomas C. Südhof">Thomas C. Südhof</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_O%27Keefe" title="John O'Keefe">John O'Keefe</a> / <a href="/wiki/May-Britt_Moser" title="May-Britt Moser">May-Britt Moser</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edvard_Moser" title="Edvard Moser">Edvard Moser</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_C._Campbell" title="William C. Campbell">William C. Campbell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Satoshi_%C5%8Cmura" title="Satoshi Ōmura">Satoshi Ōmura</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tu_Youyou" title="Tu Youyou">Tu Youyou</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoshinori_Ohsumi" title="Yoshinori Ohsumi">Yoshinori Ohsumi</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_C._Hall" title="Jeffrey C. Hall">Jeffrey C. Hall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Rosbash" title="Michael Rosbash">Michael Rosbash</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_W._Young" title="Michael W. Young">Michael W. Young</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_P._Allison" title="James P. Allison">James P. Allison</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tasuku_Honjo" title="Tasuku Honjo">Tasuku Honjo </a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregg_L._Semenza" title="Gregg L. Semenza">Gregg L. Semenza</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_J._Ratcliffe" title="Peter J. Ratcliffe">Peter J. Ratcliffe</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Kaelin" title="William Kaelin">William Kaelin</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_J._Alter" title="Harvey J. Alter">Harvey J. Alter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Houghton" title="Michael Houghton">Michael Houghton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_M._Rice" title="Charles M. Rice">Charles M. 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