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Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research - Wikipedia
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interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premi_Albert_Lasker_d%27Investigaci%C3%B3_M%C3%A8dica_B%C3%A0sica" title="Premi Albert Lasker d'Investigació Mèdica Bàsica – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Premi Albert Lasker d'Investigació Mèdica Bàsica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Lasker_-b%C3%A1lkka%C5%A1upmi_medisiinnala%C5%A1_vuo%C4%91%C4%91odutkamu%C5%A1a_birra" title="Albert Lasker -bálkkašupmi medisiinnalaš vuođđodutkamuša birra – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Albert Lasker -bálkkašupmi medisiinnalaš vuođđodutkamuša birra" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Lasker_Award_for_Basic_Medical_Research" title="Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Ganadores_del_Premio_Albert_Lasker_de_Investigaci%C3%B3n_M%C3%A9dica_B%C3%A1sica" title="Anexo:Ganadores del Premio Albert Lasker de Investigación Médica Básica – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Anexo:Ganadores del Premio Albert Lasker de Investigación Médica Básica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prix_Albert-Lasker_pour_la_recherche_m%C3%A9dicale_fondamentale" title="Prix Albert-Lasker pour la recherche médicale fondamentale – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Prix Albert-Lasker pour la recherche médicale fondamentale" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%A8%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%EB%9E%98%EC%8A%A4%EC%BB%A4_%EA%B8%B0%EC%B4%88_%EC%9D%98%ED%95%99_%EC%97%B0%EA%B5%AC%EC%83%81" title="앨버트 래스커 기초 의학 연구상 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="앨버트 래스커 기초 의학 연구상" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penghargaan_Albert_Lasker_untuk_Penelitian_Kedokteran_Dasar" title="Penghargaan Albert Lasker untuk Penelitian Kedokteran Dasar – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Penghargaan Albert Lasker untuk Penelitian Kedokteran Dasar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A1_%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%98_%D7%9C%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%A7%D7%A8_%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%90%D7%99_%D7%91%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%99" title="פרס אלברט לסקר למחקר רפואי בסיסי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרס אלברט לסקר למחקר רפואי בסיסי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Lasker_Award_for_Basic_Medical_Research" title="Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E5%9F%BA%E7%A4%8E%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E8%B3%9E" title="アルバート・ラスカー基礎医学研究賞 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アルバート・ラスカー基礎医学研究賞" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Lasker_Basic_Medical_Research_Award" title="Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Lasker_Award_for_Basic_Medical_Research" title="Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%AAmio_Albert_Lasker_de_Pesquisa_M%C3%A9dica_B%C3%A1sica" title="Prêmio Albert Lasker de Pesquisa Médica Básica – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Prêmio Albert Lasker de Pesquisa Médica Básica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Премия Альберта Ласкера за фундаментальные медицинские исследования – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Премия Альберта Ласкера за фундаментальные медицинские исследования" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Lasker_-palkinto_l%C3%A4%C3%A4ketieteellisest%C3%A4_perustutkimusty%C3%B6st%C3%A4" title="Albert Lasker -palkinto lääketieteellisestä perustutkimustyöstä – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Albert Lasker -palkinto lääketieteellisestä perustutkimustyöstä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Lasker_Basic_Medical_Research_Award" title="Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Премія Альберта Ласкера за фундаментальні медичні дослідження – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Премія Альберта Ласкера за фундаментальні медичні дослідження" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%E1%BA%A3i_Albert_Lasker_cho_nghi%C3%AAn_c%E1%BB%A9u_Y_h%E1%BB%8Dc_c%C6%A1_b%E1%BA%A3n" title="Giải Albert Lasker cho nghiên cứu Y học cơ bản – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Giải Albert 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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Annual science award</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid 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role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>relies excessively on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">references</a> to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">primary sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please improve this article by adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">secondary or tertiary sources</a>. <br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Albert+Lasker+Award+for+Basic+Medical+Research%22">"Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Albert+Lasker+Award+for+Basic+Medical+Research%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Albert+Lasker+Award+for+Basic+Medical+Research%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Albert+Lasker+Award+for+Basic+Medical+Research%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Albert+Lasker+Award+for+Basic+Medical+Research%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Albert+Lasker+Award+for+Basic+Medical+Research%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p> The <b><a href="/wiki/Albert_Lasker_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Lasker Award">Albert Lasker Award</a> for Basic Medical Research</b> is one of the <a href="/wiki/Lasker_Award" title="Lasker Award">prizes</a> awarded by the <a href="/wiki/Lasker_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Lasker Foundation">Lasker Foundation</a> for a fundamental discovery that opens up a new area of biomedical science.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The award frequently precedes a <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Nobel Prize in Medicine</a>; almost 50% of the winners have gone on to win one. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_recipients">List of recipients</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Lasker_Award_for_Basic_Medical_Research&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: List of recipients"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Selman_Waksman_NYWTS.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Selman_Waksman_NYWTS.jpg/160px-Selman_Waksman_NYWTS.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Selman_Waksman_NYWTS.jpg/240px-Selman_Waksman_NYWTS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Selman_Waksman_NYWTS.jpg/320px-Selman_Waksman_NYWTS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2177" data-file-height="2668" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Selman_Waksman" title="Selman Waksman">Selman Waksman</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MNirenberg-NIH.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/MNirenberg-NIH.jpg/160px-MNirenberg-NIH.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/MNirenberg-NIH.jpg/240px-MNirenberg-NIH.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/MNirenberg-NIH.jpg 2x" data-file-width="246" data-file-height="275" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Marshall_W._Nirenberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Marshall W. Nirenberg">Marshall W. Nirenberg</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rita_Levi_Montalcini.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Rita_Levi_Montalcini.jpg/160px-Rita_Levi_Montalcini.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Rita_Levi_Montalcini.jpg/240px-Rita_Levi_Montalcini.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Rita_Levi_Montalcini.jpg/320px-Rita_Levi_Montalcini.jpg 2x" data-file-width="428" data-file-height="571" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rita_Levi-Montalcini" title="Rita Levi-Montalcini">Rita Levi-Montalcini</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nobel2004chemistrylaurets-Ciehanover.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Nobel2004chemistrylaurets-Ciehanover.jpg/160px-Nobel2004chemistrylaurets-Ciehanover.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Nobel2004chemistrylaurets-Ciehanover.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="219" data-file-height="274" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Ciechanover" title="Aaron Ciechanover">Aaron Ciechanover</a></figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable" style="display:inline-table;"> <caption>2000–present </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Recipient </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">2024</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zhijian_Chen" title="Zhijian Chen">Zhijian Chen</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2023</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Demis_Hassabis" title="Demis Hassabis">Demis Hassabis</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_M._Jumper" title="John M. Jumper">John M. Jumper</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2022</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Richard_O._Hynes" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard O. Hynes">Richard O. Hynes</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Erkki_Ruoslahti" title="Erkki Ruoslahti">Erkki Ruoslahti</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Timothy_A._Springer" title="Timothy A. Springer">Timothy A. Springer</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2021</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karl_Deisseroth" title="Karl Deisseroth">Karl Deisseroth</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Hegemann" title="Peter Hegemann">Peter Hegemann</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dieter_Oesterhelt" title="Dieter Oesterhelt">Dieter Oesterhelt</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">2020</td> <td>not awarded   </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2019</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Max_Dale_Cooper" title="Max Dale Cooper">Max Dale Cooper</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Miller" title="Jacques Miller">Jacques Miller</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2018</td> <td><a href="/wiki/C._David_Allis" class="mw-redirect" title="C. David Allis">C. David Allis</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Grunstein" title="Michael Grunstein">Michael Grunstein</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">2017</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_N._Hall" title="Michael N. Hall">Michael N. Hall</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2016</td> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Kaelin,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="William Kaelin, Jr.">William Kaelin, Jr.</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_J._Ratcliffe" title="Peter J. Ratcliffe">Peter J. Ratcliffe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gregg_L._Semenza" title="Gregg L. Semenza">Gregg L. Semenza</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2015</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stephen_J._Elledge" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephen J. Elledge">Stephen J. Elledge</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Evelyn_M._Witkin" title="Evelyn M. Witkin">Evelyn M. Witkin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2014</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kazutoshi_Mori" title="Kazutoshi Mori">Kazutoshi Mori</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Walter" title="Peter Walter">Peter Walter</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2013</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Richard_H._Scheller" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard H. Scheller">Richard H. Scheller</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._S%C3%BCdhof" title="Thomas C. Südhof">Thomas C. Südhof</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2012</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Sheetz" title="Michael Sheetz">Michael Sheetz</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Spudich" title="James Spudich">James Spudich</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Vale" title="Ronald Vale">Ronald Vale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2011</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Franz-Ulrich_Hartl" title="Franz-Ulrich Hartl">Franz-Ulrich Hartl</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arthur_L._Horwich" title="Arthur L. Horwich">Arthur L. Horwich</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2010</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Douglas_L._Coleman" title="Douglas L. Coleman">Douglas L. Coleman</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_M._Friedman" title="Jeffrey M. Friedman">Jeffrey M. Friedman</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2009</td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Gurdon" title="John Gurdon">John Gurdon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shinya_Yamanaka" title="Shinya Yamanaka">Shinya Yamanaka</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2008</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Victor_Ambros" title="Victor Ambros">Victor R. Ambros</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/David_C._Baulcombe" class="mw-redirect" title="David C. Baulcombe">David C. Baulcombe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gary_Ruvkun" title="Gary Ruvkun">Gary B. Ruvkun</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">2007</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ralph_M._Steinman" title="Ralph M. Steinman">Ralph M. Steinman</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Blackburn" title="Elizabeth Blackburn">Elizabeth Blackburn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider">Carol W. Greider</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Szostak" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack Szostak">Jack Szostak</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2005</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ernest_McCulloch" title="Ernest McCulloch">Ernest McCulloch</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Till" title="James Till">James Till</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2004</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Chambon" title="Pierre Chambon">Pierre Chambon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ronald_M._Evans" title="Ronald M. Evans">Ronald M. Evans</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elwood_V._Jensen" title="Elwood V. Jensen">Elwood V. Jensen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">2003</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_G._Roeder" title="Robert G. Roeder">Robert G. Roeder</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2002</td> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Rothman" title="James Rothman">James E. Rothman</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Randy_Schekman" title="Randy Schekman">Randy W. Schekman</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2001</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mario_Capecchi" title="Mario Capecchi">Mario Capecchi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Martin_Evans" title="Martin Evans">Martin Evans</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Smithies" title="Oliver Smithies">Oliver Smithies</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2000</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Ciechanover" title="Aaron Ciechanover">Aaron Ciechanover</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Avram_Hershko" title="Avram Hershko">Avram Hershko</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Varshavsky" title="Alexander Varshavsky">Alexander Varshavsky</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="display:inline-table;"> <caption>1980–1999 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Recipient </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1999</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Clay_Armstrong" title="Clay Armstrong">Clay Armstrong</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bertil_Hille" title="Bertil Hille">Bertil Hille</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Roderick_MacKinnon" title="Roderick MacKinnon">Roderick MacKinnon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1998</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leland_H._Hartwell" title="Leland H. Hartwell">Leland H. Hartwell</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yoshio_Masui" title="Yoshio Masui">Yoshio Masui</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Nurse" title="Paul Nurse">Paul Nurse</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1997</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mark_S._Ptashne" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark S. Ptashne">Mark S. Ptashne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1996</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Furchgott" title="Robert F. Furchgott">Robert F. Furchgott</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ferid_Murad" title="Ferid Murad">Ferid Murad</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5">1995</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_C._Doherty" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter C. Doherty">Peter C. Doherty</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_L._Strominger" title="Jack L. Strominger">Jack L. Strominger</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Emil_R._Unanue" title="Emil R. Unanue">Emil R. Unanue</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Don_C._Wiley" class="mw-redirect" title="Don C. Wiley">Don C. Wiley</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rolf_M._Zinkernagel" title="Rolf M. Zinkernagel">Rolf M. Zinkernagel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1994</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stanley_B._Prusiner" title="Stanley B. Prusiner">Stanley B. Prusiner</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1993</td> <td><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Blobel" title="Günter Blobel">Günter Blobel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1992</td> <td>not awarded   </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1991</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Edward_B._Lewis" title="Edward B. Lewis">Edward B. Lewis</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Christiane_N%C3%BCsslein-Volhard" title="Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard">Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1990</td> <td>not awarded   </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4">1989</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_J._Berridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael J. Berridge">Michael J. Berridge</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alfred_G._Gilman" title="Alfred G. Gilman">Alfred G. Gilman</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Edwin_G._Krebs" title="Edwin G. Krebs">Edwin G. Krebs</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yasutomi_Nishizuka" title="Yasutomi Nishizuka">Yasutomi Nishizuka</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1988</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thomas_R._Cech" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas R. Cech">Thomas R. Cech</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Phillip_A._Sharp" class="mw-redirect" title="Phillip A. Sharp">Phillip A. Sharp</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1987</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leroy_Hood" title="Leroy Hood">Leroy Hood</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Philip_Leder" title="Philip Leder">Philip Leder</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Susumu_Tonegawa" title="Susumu Tonegawa">Susumu Tonegawa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1986</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rita_Levi-Montalcini" title="Rita Levi-Montalcini">Rita Levi-Montalcini</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cohen_(biochemist)" title="Stanley Cohen (biochemist)">Stanley Cohen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1985</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_S._Brown" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael S. Brown">Michael S. Brown</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Goldstein" title="Joseph L. Goldstein">Joseph L. Goldstein</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1984</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Potter_(immunologist)" title="Michael Potter (immunologist)">Michael Potter</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Georges_J._F._K%C3%B6hler" title="Georges J. F. Köhler">Georges J. F. Köhler</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Milstein" title="César Milstein">César Milstein</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1983</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eric_R._Kandel" class="mw-redirect" title="Eric R. Kandel">Eric R. Kandel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vernon_Mountcastle" class="mw-redirect" title="Vernon Mountcastle">Vernon B. Mountcastle</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5">1982</td> <td><a href="/wiki/J._Michael_Bishop" title="J. Michael Bishop">J. Michael Bishop</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Raymond_L._Erikson" title="Raymond L. Erikson">Raymond L. Erikson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hidesaburo_Hanafusa" title="Hidesaburo Hanafusa">Hidesaburo Hanafusa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Harold_E._Varmus" title="Harold E. Varmus">Harold E. Varmus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Gallo" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert C. Gallo">Robert C. Gallo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1981</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Barbara_McClintock" title="Barbara McClintock">Barbara McClintock</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4">1980</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Berg" title="Paul Berg">Paul Berg</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Herbert_W._Boyer" class="mw-redirect" title="Herbert W. Boyer">Herbert W. Boyer</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Stanley_N._Cohen" class="mw-redirect" title="Stanley N. Cohen">Stanley N. Cohen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/A._Dale_Kaiser" title="A. Dale Kaiser">A. Dale Kaiser</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="display:inline-table;"> <caption>1960–1979 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Recipient </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1979</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Walter_Gilbert" title="Walter Gilbert">Walter Gilbert</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Sanger" title="Frederick Sanger">Frederick Sanger</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Roger_Wolcott_Sperry" title="Roger Wolcott Sperry">Roger Wolcott Sperry</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1978</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hans_W._Kosterlitz" class="mw-redirect" title="Hans W. Kosterlitz">Hans W. Kosterlitz</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Hughes_(neuroscientist)" title="John Hughes (neuroscientist)">John Hughes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Solomon_H._Snyder" title="Solomon H. Snyder">Solomon H. Snyder</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1977</td> <td><a href="/wiki/K._Sune_D._Bergstr%C3%B6m" class="mw-redirect" title="K. Sune D. Bergström">K. Sune D. Bergström</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bengt_Samuelsson" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengt Samuelsson">Bengt Samuelsson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_R._Vane" class="mw-redirect" title="John R. Vane">John R. Vane</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1976</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rosalyn_S._Yalow" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosalyn S. Yalow">Rosalyn S. Yalow</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4">1975</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Roger_C.L._Guillemin" class="mw-redirect" title="Roger C.L. Guillemin">Roger C.L. Guillemin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Andrew_V._Schally" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrew V. Schally">Andrew V. Schally</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_J._Dixon" title="Frank J. Dixon">Frank J. Dixon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_G._Kunkel" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry G. Kunkel">Henry G. Kunkel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4">1974</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ludwik_Gross" title="Ludwik Gross">Ludwik Gross</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Howard_E._Skipper" title="Howard E. Skipper">Howard E. Skipper</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sol_Spiegelman" title="Sol Spiegelman">Sol Spiegelman</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Howard_M._Temin" class="mw-redirect" title="Howard M. Temin">Howard M. Temin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1973</td> <td>not awarded   </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1972</td> <td>not awarded   </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1971</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seymour_Benzer" title="Seymour Benzer">Seymour Benzer</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner">Sydney Brenner</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Yanofsky" title="Charles Yanofsky">Charles Yanofsky</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1970</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Earl_W._Sutherland" class="mw-redirect" title="Earl W. Sutherland">Earl W. Sutherland</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1969</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Merrifield" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruce Merrifield">Bruce Merrifield</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1968</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marshall_W._Nirenberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Marshall W. Nirenberg">Marshall W. Nirenberg</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/H._Gobind_Khorana" class="mw-redirect" title="H. Gobind Khorana">H. Gobind Khorana</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/William_F._Windle" title="William F. Windle">William F. Windle</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1967</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Brodie_(biochemist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernard Brodie (biochemist)">Bernard B. Brodie</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1966</td> <td><a href="/wiki/George_E._Palade" class="mw-redirect" title="George E. Palade">George E. Palade</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1965</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Holley" title="Robert W. Holley">Robert W. Holley</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1964</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Renato_Dulbecco" title="Renato Dulbecco">Renato Dulbecco</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Harry_Rubin_(biologist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Harry Rubin (biologist)">Harry Rubin</a> (<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Rubin" class="extiw" title="de:Harry Rubin">de</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1963</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lyman_C._Craig" title="Lyman C. Craig">Lyman C. Craig</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1962</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Choh_H._Li" class="mw-redirect" title="Choh H. Li">Choh H. Li</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1961</td> <td>not awarded   </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="7">1960</td> <td><a href="/wiki/M.H.F._Wilkins" class="mw-redirect" title="M.H.F. Wilkins">M.H.F. Wilkins</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/F.H.C._Crick" class="mw-redirect" title="F.H.C. Crick">F.H.C. Crick</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_D._Watson" class="mw-redirect" title="James D. Watson">James D. Watson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_V._Neel" title="James V. Neel">James V. Neel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/L.S._Penrose" class="mw-redirect" title="L.S. Penrose">L.S. Penrose</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Ruska" title="Ernst Ruska">Ernst Ruska</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Hillier" title="James Hillier">James Hillier</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="display:inline-table;"> <caption>1946–1959 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Recipient </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1959</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_Coons" title="Albert Coons">Albert Coons</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jules_Freund" class="mw-redirect" title="Jules Freund">Jules Freund</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6">1958</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peyton_Rous" class="mw-redirect" title="Peyton Rous">Peyton Rous</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Puck" title="Theodore Puck">Theodore Puck</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alfred_D._Hershey" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfred D. Hershey">Alfred D. Hershey</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerhard_Schramm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerhard Schramm (page does not exist)">Gerhard Schramm</a> (<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerhard_Schramm_(Biochemiker)" class="extiw" title="de:Gerhard Schramm (Biochemiker)">de</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Fraenkel-Conrat" title="Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat">Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Irvine_H._Page" class="mw-redirect" title="Irvine H. Page">Irvine H. Page</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1957</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Starr" title="Isaac Starr">Isaac Starr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1956</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karl_Meyer_(biochemist)" title="Karl Meyer (biochemist)">Karl Meyer</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Francis_O._Schmitt" title="Francis O. Schmitt">Francis O. Schmitt</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1955</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karl_Paul_Link" title="Karl Paul Link">Karl Paul Link</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Carl_J._Wiggers" title="Carl J. Wiggers">Carl J. Wiggers</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1954</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Edwin_B._Astwood" title="Edwin B. Astwood">Edwin B. Astwood</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Franklin_Enders" title="John Franklin Enders">John Franklin Enders</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_Szent-Gy%C3%B6rgyi" title="Albert Szent-Györgyi">Albert Szent-Györgyi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1953</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hans_A._Krebs" class="mw-redirect" title="Hans A. Krebs">Hans A. Krebs</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Heidelberger" title="Michael Heidelberger">Michael Heidelberger</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Wald" title="George Wald">George Wald</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1952</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_Macfarlane_Burnet" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Macfarlane Burnet">Frank Macfarlane Burnet</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1951</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karl_Friedrich_Meyer" title="Karl Friedrich Meyer">Karl Friedrich Meyer</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1950</td> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Wells_Beadle" class="mw-redirect" title="George Wells Beadle">George Wells Beadle</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1949</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Cournand" class="mw-redirect" title="André Cournand">André Cournand</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/William_S._Tillett" title="William S. Tillett">William S. Tillett</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/L._Royal_Christensen" title="L. Royal Christensen">L. Royal Christensen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1948</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vincent_du_Vigneaud" title="Vincent du Vigneaud">Vincent du Vigneaud</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Selman_Waksman" title="Selman Waksman">Selman Waksman</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_J._Dubos" class="mw-redirect" title="René J. Dubos">René J. Dubos</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1947</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oswald_T._Avery" class="mw-redirect" title="Oswald T. Avery">Oswald T. Avery</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Homer_W._Smith" title="Homer W. Smith">Homer Smith</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">1946</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carl_Ferdinand_Cori" title="Carl Ferdinand Cori">Carl Ferdinand Cori</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Lasker_Award_for_Basic_Medical_Research&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_biomedical_science_awards" title="List of biomedical science awards">List of biomedical science awards</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Lasker_Award_for_Basic_Medical_Research&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHofschneider" class="citation web cs1">Hofschneider, Mark. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://laskerfoundation.org/awards/about-the-awards/">"About the Awards"</a>. <i>Lasker Foundation</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lasker+Foundation&rft.atitle=About+the+Awards&rft.aulast=Hofschneider&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flaskerfoundation.org%2Fawards%2Fabout-the-awards%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Lasker+Award+for+Basic+Medical+Research" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://laskerfoundation.org">Lasker Basic Research Award 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://laskerfoundation.org/winners/alphafold-a-technology-for-predicting-protein-structures/">Laureates 2023</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://laskerfoundation.org/winners/integrins-mediators-of-cell-matrix-cell-adhesion/">Laureates 2022</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHofschneider" class="citation web cs1">Hofschneider, Mark. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://laskerfoundation.org/winners/light-sensitive-microbial-proteins-optogenetics/">"Light-sensitive microbial proteins and optogenetics"</a>. <i>Lasker Foundation</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lasker+Foundation&rft.atitle=Light-sensitive+microbial+proteins+and+optogenetics&rft.aulast=Hofschneider&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flaskerfoundation.org%2Fwinners%2Flight-sensitive-microbial-proteins-optogenetics%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Lasker+Award+for+Basic+Medical+Research" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHofschneider" class="citation web cs1">Hofschneider, Mark. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://laskerfoundation.org/awards/">"Awards"</a>. <i>Lasker Foundation</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lasker+Foundation&rft.atitle=Awards&rft.aulast=Hofschneider&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flaskerfoundation.org%2Fawards%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Lasker+Award+for+Basic+Medical+Research" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130909162645/http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/2013basic.htm">"The Lasker Foundation – 2013 Basic Medical Research Award"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/2013basic.htm">the original</a> on 9 September 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Lasker+Foundation+%E2%80%93+2013+Basic+Medical+Research+Award&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.laskerfoundation.org%2Fawards%2F2013basic.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Lasker+Award+for+Basic+Medical+Research" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.admin.cam.ac.uk/news/dp/2009091401">"Professor John Gurdon honoured with prestigious American medical award"</a>. University of Cambridge. 14 September 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Professor+John+Gurdon+honoured+with+prestigious+American+medical+award&rft.pub=University+of+Cambridge&rft.date=2009-09-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.admin.cam.ac.uk%2Fnews%2Fdp%2F2009091401&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Lasker+Award+for+Basic+Medical+Research" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5dc468848‐mzrkb Cached time: 20241122142651 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.282 seconds Real time usage: 0.380 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 817/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 20776/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 700/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 20466/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.146/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4477953/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 309.247 1 -total 42.30% 130.824 1 Template:Reflist 34.75% 107.475 5 Template:Cite_web 25.43% 78.629 1 Template:Short_description 25.12% 77.673 1 Template:Primary_sources 22.95% 70.975 1 Template:Ambox 13.85% 42.822 2 Template:Pagetype 6.33% 19.571 4 Template:Main_other 5.94% 18.381 1 Template:Find_sources_mainspace 5.34% 16.525 1 Template:SDcat --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:528941:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241122142651 and revision id 1257953484. 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