CINXE.COM
(PDF) The Züschen I Megalithic Monument (Kassel, Hessen) and its Engravings. Animal Traction, Ploughs, Carts and Wagons in Neolithic Europe
<!DOCTYPE html> <html > <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs"> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="3PqReiLiHJk2PC8EgEX58-4H6luySO63wdIfpOXWcYk5MLZ_87jfEejl_xgDFbNDsaXxanp3GS7Lr71vSkxnBQ" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="The Züschen I Megalithic Monument (Kassel, Hessen) and its Engravings. Animal Traction, Ploughs, Carts and Wagons in Neolithic Europe" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2013/01/01" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="The Züschen I Megalithic Monument (Kassel, Hessen) and its Engravings. Animal Traction, Ploughs, Carts and Wagons in Neolithic Europe" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Mário Varela Gomes" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/43936471/The_Z%C3%BCschen_I_Megalithic_Monument_Kassel_Hessen_and_its_Engravings_Animal_Traction_Ploughs_Carts_and_Wagons_in_Neolithic_Europe" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="The Züschen I Megalithic Monument (Kassel, Hessen) and its Engravings. Animal Traction, Ploughs, Carts and Wagons in Neolithic Europe" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Anati, Emmanuel; Gomes, Mário Varela (2013) – The Züschen I Megalithic Monument (Kassel, Hessen) and its Engravings. Animal Traction, Ploughs, Carts and Wagons in Neolithic Europe. Instituto de Arqueologia e Paleociências da Universidade Nova de" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://0.academia-photos.com/356665/170499751/160483989/s200_m_rio.varela_gomes.png" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="book" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/43936471/The_Z%C3%BCschen_I_Megalithic_Monument_Kassel_Hessen_and_its_Engravings_Animal_Traction_Ploughs_Carts_and_Wagons_in_Neolithic_Europe" /> <meta property="og:title" content="The Züschen I Megalithic Monument (Kassel, Hessen) and its Engravings. Animal Traction, Ploughs, Carts and Wagons in Neolithic Europe" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-book.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Anati, Emmanuel; Gomes, Mário Varela (2013) – The Züschen I Megalithic Monument (Kassel, Hessen) and its Engravings. Animal Traction, Ploughs, Carts and Wagons in Neolithic Europe. Instituto de Arqueologia e Paleociências da Universidade Nova de" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://fcsh-unl.academia.edu/MarioVarelaGomes" /> <meta name="description" content="Anati, Emmanuel; Gomes, Mário Varela (2013) – The Züschen I Megalithic Monument (Kassel, Hessen) and its Engravings. Animal Traction, Ploughs, Carts and Wagons in Neolithic Europe. Instituto de Arqueologia e Paleociências da Universidade Nova de" /> <title>(PDF) The Züschen I Megalithic Monument (Kassel, Hessen) and its Engravings. Animal Traction, Ploughs, Carts and Wagons in Neolithic Europe</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/43936471/The_Z%C3%BCschen_I_Megalithic_Monument_Kassel_Hessen_and_its_Engravings_Animal_Traction_Ploughs_Carts_and_Wagons_in_Neolithic_Europe" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '1363409c2f6920b9f6129801bf9c25a45dc9d4a3'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1740149523000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1740149523000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"Anati, Emmanuel; Gomes, Mário Varela (2013) – The Züschen I Megalithic Monument (Kassel, Hessen) and its Engravings. Animal Traction, Ploughs, Carts and Wagons in Neolithic Europe. Instituto de Arqueologia e Paleociências da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa. ISBN 978-84-7956-121-5.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Mário Varela Gomes","url":"https://fcsh-unl.academia.edu/MarioVarelaGomes"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2020-08-24","dateModified":"2020-08-24","datePublished":"2013-01-01","headline":"The Züschen I Megalithic Monument (Kassel, Hessen) and its Engravings. Animal Traction, Ploughs, Carts and Wagons in Neolithic Europe","image":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/64260694/thumbnails/1.jpg","inLanguage":"en","keywords":[],"publication":"The Züschen I Megalithic Monument (Kassel, Hessen) and its Engravings. Animal Traction, Ploughs, Carts and Wagons in Neolithic Europe","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":null},"sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":"fcsh-unl"}],"thumbnailUrl":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/64260694/thumbnails/1.jpg","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43936471/The_Z%C3%BCschen_I_Megalithic_Monument_Kassel_Hessen_and_its_Engravings_Animal_Traction_Ploughs_Carts_and_Wagons_in_Neolithic_Europe"}</script><style type="text/css">@media(max-width: 567px){:root{--token-mode: Rebrand;--dropshadow: 0 2px 4px 0 #22223340;--primary-brand: #0645b1;--error-dark: #b60000;--success-dark: #05b01c;--inactive-fill: #ebebee;--hover: #0c3b8d;--pressed: #082f75;--button-primary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-primary-fill: #0645b1;--button-primary-text: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-primary-fill-press: #082f75;--button-primary-icon: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-inverse: #ffffff;--button-primary-text-inverse: #082f75;--button-primary-icon-inverse: #0645b1;--button-primary-fill-inverse-hover: #cddaef;--button-primary-stroke-inverse-pressed: #0645b1;--button-secondary-stroke-inactive: #b1b1ba;--button-secondary-fill: #eef2f9;--button-secondary-text: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-press: #cddaef;--button-secondary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-secondary-stroke: #cddaef;--button-secondary-stroke-hover: #386ac1;--button-secondary-stroke-press: #0645b1;--button-secondary-text-inactive: #b1b1ba;--button-secondary-icon: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-hover: #e6ecf7;--button-secondary-stroke-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-fill-inverse: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);--button-secondary-icon-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-icon-hover: #082f75;--button-secondary-icon-press: #082f75;--button-secondary-text-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-text-hover: #082f75;--button-secondary-text-press: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-inverse-hover: #043059;--button-xs-stroke: #141413;--button-xs-stroke-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-stroke-press: #082f75;--button-xs-stroke-inactive: #ebebee;--button-xs-text: #141413;--button-xs-text-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-text-press: #082f75;--button-xs-text-inactive: #91919e;--button-xs-icon: #141413;--button-xs-icon-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-icon-press: #082f75;--button-xs-icon-inactive: #91919e;--button-xs-fill: #ffffff;--button-xs-fill-hover: #f4f7fc;--button-xs-fill-press: #eef2f9;--buttons-button-text-inactive: #91919e;--buttons-button-focus: #0645b1;--buttons-button-icon-inactive: #91919e;--buttons-small-buttons-corner-radius: 16px;--buttons-small-buttons-l-r-padding: 20px;--buttons-small-buttons-height: 48px;--buttons-small-buttons-gap: 8px;--buttons-small-buttons-icon-only-width: 48px;--buttons-small-buttons-icon-size: 20px;--buttons-small-buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-small-buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--buttons-large-buttons-l-r-padding: 32px;--buttons-large-buttons-height: 64px;--buttons-large-buttons-icon-only-width: 64px;--buttons-large-buttons-icon-size: 20px;--buttons-large-buttons-gap: 8px;--buttons-large-buttons-corner-radius: 16px;--buttons-large-buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-large-buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-l-r-padding: 8px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-height: 32px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-icon-size: 16px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-gap: 4px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--background-beige: #f9f7f4;--error-light: #fff2f2;--text-placeholder: #6d6d7d;--stroke-dark: #141413;--stroke-light: #dddde2;--stroke-medium: #535366;--accent-green: #ccffd4;--accent-turquoise: #ccf7ff;--accent-yellow: #f7ffcc;--accent-peach: #ffd4cc;--accent-violet: #f7ccff;--accent-purple: #f4f7fc;--text-primary: #141413;--secondary-brand: #141413;--text-hover: #0c3b8d;--text-white: #ffffff;--text-link: #0645b1;--text-press: #082f75;--success-light: #f0f8f1;--background-light-blue: #f4f7fc;--background-white: #ffffff;--premium-dark: #877440;--premium-light: #f9f6ed;--stroke-white: #ffffff;--inactive-content: #b1b1ba;--annotate-light: #a35dff;--annotate-dark: #824acc;--grid: #eef2f9;--inactive-stroke: #ebebee;--shadow: rgba(34, 34, 51, 0.25);--text-inactive: #6d6d7d;--text-error: #b60000;--stroke-error: #b60000;--background-error: #fff2f2;--background-black: #141413;--icon-default: #141413;--icon-blue: #0645b1;--background-grey: #dddde2;--icon-grey: #b1b1ba;--text-focus: #082f75;--brand-colors-neutral-black: #141413;--brand-colors-neutral-900: #535366;--brand-colors-neutral-800: #6d6d7d;--brand-colors-neutral-700: #91919e;--brand-colors-neutral-600: #b1b1ba;--brand-colors-neutral-500: #c8c8cf;--brand-colors-neutral-400: #dddde2;--brand-colors-neutral-300: #ebebee;--brand-colors-neutral-200: #f8f8fb;--brand-colors-neutral-100: #fafafa;--brand-colors-neutral-white: #ffffff;--brand-colors-blue-900: #043059;--brand-colors-blue-800: #082f75;--brand-colors-blue-700: #0c3b8d;--brand-colors-blue-600: #0645b1;--brand-colors-blue-500: #386ac1;--brand-colors-blue-400: #cddaef;--brand-colors-blue-300: #e6ecf7;--brand-colors-blue-200: #eef2f9;--brand-colors-blue-100: #f4f7fc;--brand-colors-gold-500: #877440;--brand-colors-gold-400: #e9e3d4;--brand-colors-gold-300: #f2efe8;--brand-colors-gold-200: #f9f6ed;--brand-colors-gold-100: #f9f7f4;--brand-colors-error-900: #920000;--brand-colors-error-500: #b60000;--brand-colors-success-900: #035c0f;--brand-colors-green: #ccffd4;--brand-colors-turquoise: #ccf7ff;--brand-colors-yellow: #f7ffcc;--brand-colors-peach: #ffd4cc;--brand-colors-violet: #f7ccff;--brand-colors-error-100: #fff2f2;--brand-colors-success-500: #05b01c;--brand-colors-success-100: #f0f8f1;--text-secondary: #535366;--icon-white: #ffffff;--background-beige-darker: #f2efe8;--icon-dark-grey: #535366;--type-font-family-sans-serif: DM Sans;--type-font-family-serif: Gupter;--type-font-family-mono: IBM Plex Mono;--type-weights-300: 300;--type-weights-400: 400;--type-weights-500: 500;--type-weights-700: 700;--type-sizes-12: 12px;--type-sizes-14: 14px;--type-sizes-16: 16px;--type-sizes-18: 18px;--type-sizes-20: 20px;--type-sizes-22: 22px;--type-sizes-24: 24px;--type-sizes-28: 28px;--type-sizes-30: 30px;--type-sizes-32: 32px;--type-sizes-40: 40px;--type-sizes-42: 42px;--type-sizes-48-2: 48px;--type-line-heights-16: 16px;--type-line-heights-20: 20px;--type-line-heights-23: 23px;--type-line-heights-24: 24px;--type-line-heights-25: 25px;--type-line-heights-26: 26px;--type-line-heights-29: 29px;--type-line-heights-30: 30px;--type-line-heights-32: 32px;--type-line-heights-34: 34px;--type-line-heights-35: 35px;--type-line-heights-36: 36px;--type-line-heights-38: 38px;--type-line-heights-40: 40px;--type-line-heights-46: 46px;--type-line-heights-48: 48px;--type-line-heights-52: 52px;--type-line-heights-58: 58px;--type-line-heights-68: 68px;--type-line-heights-74: 74px;--type-line-heights-82: 82px;--type-paragraph-spacings-0: 0px;--type-paragraph-spacings-4: 4px;--type-paragraph-spacings-8: 8px;--type-paragraph-spacings-16: 16px;--type-sans-serif-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-xl-size: 32px;--type-sans-serif-xl-line-height: 46px;--type-sans-serif-xl-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-lg-size: 30px;--type-sans-serif-lg-line-height: 36px;--type-sans-serif-lg-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-md-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-md-line-height: 30px;--type-sans-serif-md-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-md-size: 24px;--type-sans-serif-xs-font-weight: 700;--type-sans-serif-xs-line-height: 24px;--type-sans-serif-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-sans-serif-xs-size: 18px;--type-sans-serif-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-sm-line-height: 32px;--type-sans-serif-sm-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-sm-size: 20px;--type-body-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-body-xl-size: 24px;--type-body-xl-line-height: 36px;--type-body-xl-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-body-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-body-sm-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-body-xs-font-weight: 400;--type-body-xs-size: 12px;--type-body-xs-line-height: 16px;--type-body-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-body-md-font-weight: 400;--type-body-md-size: 16px;--type-body-md-line-height: 20px;--type-body-md-paragraph-spacing: 4px;--type-body-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-body-lg-size: 20px;--type-body-lg-line-height: 26px;--type-body-lg-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-body-lg-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-lg-medium-size: 20px;--type-body-lg-medium-line-height: 32px;--type-body-lg-medium-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-body-md-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-md-medium-size: 16px;--type-body-md-medium-line-height: 20px;--type-body-md-medium-paragraph-spacing: 4px;--type-body-sm-bold-font-weight: 700;--type-body-sm-bold-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-bold-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-bold-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-body-sm-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-sm-medium-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-medium-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-medium-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-serif-md-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-md-size: 32px;--type-serif-md-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-md-line-height: 40px;--type-serif-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-sm-size: 24px;--type-serif-sm-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-sm-line-height: 26px;--type-serif-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-lg-size: 48px;--type-serif-lg-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-lg-line-height: 52px;--type-serif-xs-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-xs-size: 18px;--type-serif-xs-line-height: 24px;--type-serif-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-xl-size: 48px;--type-serif-xl-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-xl-line-height: 58px;--type-mono-md-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-md-size: 22px;--type-mono-md-line-height: 24px;--type-mono-md-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-mono-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-lg-size: 40px;--type-mono-lg-line-height: 40px;--type-mono-lg-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-mono-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-sm-size: 14px;--type-mono-sm-line-height: 24px;--type-mono-sm-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--spacing-xs-4: 4px;--spacing-xs-8: 8px;--spacing-xs-16: 16px;--spacing-sm-24: 24px;--spacing-sm-32: 32px;--spacing-md-40: 40px;--spacing-md-48: 48px;--spacing-lg-64: 64px;--spacing-lg-80: 80px;--spacing-xlg-104: 104px;--spacing-xlg-152: 152px;--spacing-xs-12: 12px;--spacing-page-section: 80px;--spacing-card-list-spacing: 48px;--spacing-text-section-spacing: 64px;--spacing-md-xs-headings: 40px;--corner-radius-radius-lg: 16px;--corner-radius-radius-sm: 4px;--corner-radius-radius-md: 8px;--corner-radius-radius-round: 104px}}@media(min-width: 568px)and (max-width: 1279px){:root{--token-mode: Rebrand;--dropshadow: 0 2px 4px 0 #22223340;--primary-brand: #0645b1;--error-dark: #b60000;--success-dark: #05b01c;--inactive-fill: #ebebee;--hover: #0c3b8d;--pressed: #082f75;--button-primary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-primary-fill: #0645b1;--button-primary-text: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-primary-fill-press: #082f75;--button-primary-icon: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-inverse: #ffffff;--button-primary-text-inverse: #082f75;--button-primary-icon-inverse: #0645b1;--button-primary-fill-inverse-hover: #cddaef;--button-primary-stroke-inverse-pressed: #0645b1;--button-secondary-stroke-inactive: #b1b1ba;--button-secondary-fill: #eef2f9;--button-secondary-text: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-press: #cddaef;--button-secondary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-secondary-stroke: #cddaef;--button-secondary-stroke-hover: #386ac1;--button-secondary-stroke-press: #0645b1;--button-secondary-text-inactive: #b1b1ba;--button-secondary-icon: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-hover: #e6ecf7;--button-secondary-stroke-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-fill-inverse: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);--button-secondary-icon-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-icon-hover: #082f75;--button-secondary-icon-press: #082f75;--button-secondary-text-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-text-hover: #082f75;--button-secondary-text-press: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-inverse-hover: #043059;--button-xs-stroke: #141413;--button-xs-stroke-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-stroke-press: #082f75;--button-xs-stroke-inactive: #ebebee;--button-xs-text: #141413;--button-xs-text-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-text-press: #082f75;--button-xs-text-inactive: #91919e;--button-xs-icon: #141413;--button-xs-icon-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-icon-press: #082f75;--button-xs-icon-inactive: #91919e;--button-xs-fill: #ffffff;--button-xs-fill-hover: #f4f7fc;--button-xs-fill-press: #eef2f9;--buttons-button-text-inactive: #91919e;--buttons-button-focus: #0645b1;--buttons-button-icon-inactive: #91919e;--buttons-small-buttons-corner-radius: 16px;--buttons-small-buttons-l-r-padding: 20px;--buttons-small-buttons-height: 48px;--buttons-small-buttons-gap: 8px;--buttons-small-buttons-icon-only-width: 48px;--buttons-small-buttons-icon-size: 20px;--buttons-small-buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-small-buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--buttons-large-buttons-l-r-padding: 32px;--buttons-large-buttons-height: 64px;--buttons-large-buttons-icon-only-width: 64px;--buttons-large-buttons-icon-size: 20px;--buttons-large-buttons-gap: 8px;--buttons-large-buttons-corner-radius: 16px;--buttons-large-buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-large-buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-l-r-padding: 8px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-height: 32px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-icon-size: 16px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-gap: 4px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--background-beige: #f9f7f4;--error-light: #fff2f2;--text-placeholder: #6d6d7d;--stroke-dark: #141413;--stroke-light: #dddde2;--stroke-medium: #535366;--accent-green: #ccffd4;--accent-turquoise: #ccf7ff;--accent-yellow: #f7ffcc;--accent-peach: #ffd4cc;--accent-violet: #f7ccff;--accent-purple: #f4f7fc;--text-primary: #141413;--secondary-brand: #141413;--text-hover: #0c3b8d;--text-white: #ffffff;--text-link: #0645b1;--text-press: #082f75;--success-light: #f0f8f1;--background-light-blue: #f4f7fc;--background-white: #ffffff;--premium-dark: #877440;--premium-light: #f9f6ed;--stroke-white: #ffffff;--inactive-content: #b1b1ba;--annotate-light: #a35dff;--annotate-dark: #824acc;--grid: #eef2f9;--inactive-stroke: #ebebee;--shadow: rgba(34, 34, 51, 0.25);--text-inactive: #6d6d7d;--text-error: #b60000;--stroke-error: #b60000;--background-error: #fff2f2;--background-black: #141413;--icon-default: #141413;--icon-blue: #0645b1;--background-grey: #dddde2;--icon-grey: #b1b1ba;--text-focus: #082f75;--brand-colors-neutral-black: #141413;--brand-colors-neutral-900: #535366;--brand-colors-neutral-800: #6d6d7d;--brand-colors-neutral-700: #91919e;--brand-colors-neutral-600: #b1b1ba;--brand-colors-neutral-500: #c8c8cf;--brand-colors-neutral-400: #dddde2;--brand-colors-neutral-300: #ebebee;--brand-colors-neutral-200: #f8f8fb;--brand-colors-neutral-100: #fafafa;--brand-colors-neutral-white: #ffffff;--brand-colors-blue-900: #043059;--brand-colors-blue-800: #082f75;--brand-colors-blue-700: #0c3b8d;--brand-colors-blue-600: #0645b1;--brand-colors-blue-500: #386ac1;--brand-colors-blue-400: #cddaef;--brand-colors-blue-300: #e6ecf7;--brand-colors-blue-200: #eef2f9;--brand-colors-blue-100: #f4f7fc;--brand-colors-gold-500: #877440;--brand-colors-gold-400: #e9e3d4;--brand-colors-gold-300: #f2efe8;--brand-colors-gold-200: #f9f6ed;--brand-colors-gold-100: #f9f7f4;--brand-colors-error-900: #920000;--brand-colors-error-500: #b60000;--brand-colors-success-900: #035c0f;--brand-colors-green: #ccffd4;--brand-colors-turquoise: #ccf7ff;--brand-colors-yellow: #f7ffcc;--brand-colors-peach: #ffd4cc;--brand-colors-violet: #f7ccff;--brand-colors-error-100: #fff2f2;--brand-colors-success-500: #05b01c;--brand-colors-success-100: #f0f8f1;--text-secondary: #535366;--icon-white: #ffffff;--background-beige-darker: #f2efe8;--icon-dark-grey: #535366;--type-font-family-sans-serif: DM Sans;--type-font-family-serif: Gupter;--type-font-family-mono: IBM Plex Mono;--type-weights-300: 300;--type-weights-400: 400;--type-weights-500: 500;--type-weights-700: 700;--type-sizes-12: 12px;--type-sizes-14: 14px;--type-sizes-16: 16px;--type-sizes-18: 18px;--type-sizes-20: 20px;--type-sizes-22: 22px;--type-sizes-24: 24px;--type-sizes-28: 28px;--type-sizes-30: 30px;--type-sizes-32: 32px;--type-sizes-40: 40px;--type-sizes-42: 42px;--type-sizes-48-2: 48px;--type-line-heights-16: 16px;--type-line-heights-20: 20px;--type-line-heights-23: 23px;--type-line-heights-24: 24px;--type-line-heights-25: 25px;--type-line-heights-26: 26px;--type-line-heights-29: 29px;--type-line-heights-30: 30px;--type-line-heights-32: 32px;--type-line-heights-34: 34px;--type-line-heights-35: 35px;--type-line-heights-36: 36px;--type-line-heights-38: 38px;--type-line-heights-40: 40px;--type-line-heights-46: 46px;--type-line-heights-48: 48px;--type-line-heights-52: 52px;--type-line-heights-58: 58px;--type-line-heights-68: 68px;--type-line-heights-74: 74px;--type-line-heights-82: 82px;--type-paragraph-spacings-0: 0px;--type-paragraph-spacings-4: 4px;--type-paragraph-spacings-8: 8px;--type-paragraph-spacings-16: 16px;--type-sans-serif-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-xl-size: 42px;--type-sans-serif-xl-line-height: 46px;--type-sans-serif-xl-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-lg-size: 32px;--type-sans-serif-lg-line-height: 36px;--type-sans-serif-lg-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-md-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-md-line-height: 34px;--type-sans-serif-md-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-md-size: 28px;--type-sans-serif-xs-font-weight: 700;--type-sans-serif-xs-line-height: 25px;--type-sans-serif-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-sans-serif-xs-size: 20px;--type-sans-serif-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-sm-line-height: 30px;--type-sans-serif-sm-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-sm-size: 24px;--type-body-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-body-xl-size: 24px;--type-body-xl-line-height: 36px;--type-body-xl-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-body-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-body-sm-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-body-xs-font-weight: 400;--type-body-xs-size: 12px;--type-body-xs-line-height: 16px;--type-body-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-body-md-font-weight: 400;--type-body-md-size: 16px;--type-body-md-line-height: 20px;--type-body-md-paragraph-spacing: 4px;--type-body-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-body-lg-size: 20px;--type-body-lg-line-height: 26px;--type-body-lg-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-body-lg-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-lg-medium-size: 20px;--type-body-lg-medium-line-height: 32px;--type-body-lg-medium-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-body-md-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-md-medium-size: 16px;--type-body-md-medium-line-height: 20px;--type-body-md-medium-paragraph-spacing: 4px;--type-body-sm-bold-font-weight: 700;--type-body-sm-bold-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-bold-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-bold-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-body-sm-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-sm-medium-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-medium-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-medium-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-serif-md-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-md-size: 40px;--type-serif-md-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-md-line-height: 48px;--type-serif-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-sm-size: 28px;--type-serif-sm-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-sm-line-height: 32px;--type-serif-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-lg-size: 58px;--type-serif-lg-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-lg-line-height: 68px;--type-serif-xs-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-xs-size: 18px;--type-serif-xs-line-height: 24px;--type-serif-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-xl-size: 74px;--type-serif-xl-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-xl-line-height: 82px;--type-mono-md-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-md-size: 22px;--type-mono-md-line-height: 24px;--type-mono-md-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-mono-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-lg-size: 40px;--type-mono-lg-line-height: 40px;--type-mono-lg-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-mono-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-sm-size: 14px;--type-mono-sm-line-height: 24px;--type-mono-sm-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--spacing-xs-4: 4px;--spacing-xs-8: 8px;--spacing-xs-16: 16px;--spacing-sm-24: 24px;--spacing-sm-32: 32px;--spacing-md-40: 40px;--spacing-md-48: 48px;--spacing-lg-64: 64px;--spacing-lg-80: 80px;--spacing-xlg-104: 104px;--spacing-xlg-152: 152px;--spacing-xs-12: 12px;--spacing-page-section: 104px;--spacing-card-list-spacing: 48px;--spacing-text-section-spacing: 80px;--spacing-md-xs-headings: 40px;--corner-radius-radius-lg: 16px;--corner-radius-radius-sm: 4px;--corner-radius-radius-md: 8px;--corner-radius-radius-round: 104px}}@media(min-width: 1280px){:root{--token-mode: Rebrand;--dropshadow: 0 2px 4px 0 #22223340;--primary-brand: #0645b1;--error-dark: #b60000;--success-dark: #05b01c;--inactive-fill: #ebebee;--hover: #0c3b8d;--pressed: #082f75;--button-primary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-primary-fill: #0645b1;--button-primary-text: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-primary-fill-press: #082f75;--button-primary-icon: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-inverse: #ffffff;--button-primary-text-inverse: #082f75;--button-primary-icon-inverse: #0645b1;--button-primary-fill-inverse-hover: #cddaef;--button-primary-stroke-inverse-pressed: #0645b1;--button-secondary-stroke-inactive: #b1b1ba;--button-secondary-fill: #eef2f9;--button-secondary-text: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-press: #cddaef;--button-secondary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-secondary-stroke: #cddaef;--button-secondary-stroke-hover: #386ac1;--button-secondary-stroke-press: #0645b1;--button-secondary-text-inactive: #b1b1ba;--button-secondary-icon: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-hover: #e6ecf7;--button-secondary-stroke-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-fill-inverse: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);--button-secondary-icon-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-icon-hover: #082f75;--button-secondary-icon-press: #082f75;--button-secondary-text-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-text-hover: #082f75;--button-secondary-text-press: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-inverse-hover: #043059;--button-xs-stroke: #141413;--button-xs-stroke-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-stroke-press: #082f75;--button-xs-stroke-inactive: #ebebee;--button-xs-text: #141413;--button-xs-text-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-text-press: #082f75;--button-xs-text-inactive: #91919e;--button-xs-icon: #141413;--button-xs-icon-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-icon-press: #082f75;--button-xs-icon-inactive: #91919e;--button-xs-fill: #ffffff;--button-xs-fill-hover: #f4f7fc;--button-xs-fill-press: #eef2f9;--buttons-button-text-inactive: #91919e;--buttons-button-focus: #0645b1;--buttons-button-icon-inactive: #91919e;--buttons-small-buttons-corner-radius: 16px;--buttons-small-buttons-l-r-padding: 20px;--buttons-small-buttons-height: 48px;--buttons-small-buttons-gap: 8px;--buttons-small-buttons-icon-only-width: 48px;--buttons-small-buttons-icon-size: 20px;--buttons-small-buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-small-buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--buttons-large-buttons-l-r-padding: 32px;--buttons-large-buttons-height: 64px;--buttons-large-buttons-icon-only-width: 64px;--buttons-large-buttons-icon-size: 20px;--buttons-large-buttons-gap: 8px;--buttons-large-buttons-corner-radius: 16px;--buttons-large-buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-large-buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-l-r-padding: 8px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-height: 32px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-icon-size: 16px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-gap: 4px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--background-beige: #f9f7f4;--error-light: #fff2f2;--text-placeholder: #6d6d7d;--stroke-dark: #141413;--stroke-light: #dddde2;--stroke-medium: #535366;--accent-green: #ccffd4;--accent-turquoise: #ccf7ff;--accent-yellow: #f7ffcc;--accent-peach: #ffd4cc;--accent-violet: #f7ccff;--accent-purple: #f4f7fc;--text-primary: #141413;--secondary-brand: #141413;--text-hover: #0c3b8d;--text-white: #ffffff;--text-link: #0645b1;--text-press: #082f75;--success-light: #f0f8f1;--background-light-blue: #f4f7fc;--background-white: #ffffff;--premium-dark: #877440;--premium-light: #f9f6ed;--stroke-white: #ffffff;--inactive-content: #b1b1ba;--annotate-light: #a35dff;--annotate-dark: #824acc;--grid: #eef2f9;--inactive-stroke: #ebebee;--shadow: rgba(34, 34, 51, 0.25);--text-inactive: #6d6d7d;--text-error: #b60000;--stroke-error: #b60000;--background-error: #fff2f2;--background-black: #141413;--icon-default: #141413;--icon-blue: #0645b1;--background-grey: #dddde2;--icon-grey: #b1b1ba;--text-focus: #082f75;--brand-colors-neutral-black: #141413;--brand-colors-neutral-900: #535366;--brand-colors-neutral-800: #6d6d7d;--brand-colors-neutral-700: #91919e;--brand-colors-neutral-600: #b1b1ba;--brand-colors-neutral-500: #c8c8cf;--brand-colors-neutral-400: #dddde2;--brand-colors-neutral-300: #ebebee;--brand-colors-neutral-200: #f8f8fb;--brand-colors-neutral-100: #fafafa;--brand-colors-neutral-white: #ffffff;--brand-colors-blue-900: #043059;--brand-colors-blue-800: #082f75;--brand-colors-blue-700: #0c3b8d;--brand-colors-blue-600: #0645b1;--brand-colors-blue-500: #386ac1;--brand-colors-blue-400: #cddaef;--brand-colors-blue-300: #e6ecf7;--brand-colors-blue-200: #eef2f9;--brand-colors-blue-100: #f4f7fc;--brand-colors-gold-500: #877440;--brand-colors-gold-400: #e9e3d4;--brand-colors-gold-300: #f2efe8;--brand-colors-gold-200: #f9f6ed;--brand-colors-gold-100: #f9f7f4;--brand-colors-error-900: #920000;--brand-colors-error-500: #b60000;--brand-colors-success-900: #035c0f;--brand-colors-green: #ccffd4;--brand-colors-turquoise: #ccf7ff;--brand-colors-yellow: #f7ffcc;--brand-colors-peach: #ffd4cc;--brand-colors-violet: #f7ccff;--brand-colors-error-100: #fff2f2;--brand-colors-success-500: #05b01c;--brand-colors-success-100: #f0f8f1;--text-secondary: #535366;--icon-white: #ffffff;--background-beige-darker: #f2efe8;--icon-dark-grey: #535366;--type-font-family-sans-serif: DM Sans;--type-font-family-serif: Gupter;--type-font-family-mono: IBM Plex Mono;--type-weights-300: 300;--type-weights-400: 400;--type-weights-500: 500;--type-weights-700: 700;--type-sizes-12: 12px;--type-sizes-14: 14px;--type-sizes-16: 16px;--type-sizes-18: 18px;--type-sizes-20: 20px;--type-sizes-22: 22px;--type-sizes-24: 24px;--type-sizes-28: 28px;--type-sizes-30: 30px;--type-sizes-32: 32px;--type-sizes-40: 40px;--type-sizes-42: 42px;--type-sizes-48-2: 48px;--type-line-heights-16: 16px;--type-line-heights-20: 20px;--type-line-heights-23: 23px;--type-line-heights-24: 24px;--type-line-heights-25: 25px;--type-line-heights-26: 26px;--type-line-heights-29: 29px;--type-line-heights-30: 30px;--type-line-heights-32: 32px;--type-line-heights-34: 34px;--type-line-heights-35: 35px;--type-line-heights-36: 36px;--type-line-heights-38: 38px;--type-line-heights-40: 40px;--type-line-heights-46: 46px;--type-line-heights-48: 48px;--type-line-heights-52: 52px;--type-line-heights-58: 58px;--type-line-heights-68: 68px;--type-line-heights-74: 74px;--type-line-heights-82: 82px;--type-paragraph-spacings-0: 0px;--type-paragraph-spacings-4: 4px;--type-paragraph-spacings-8: 8px;--type-paragraph-spacings-16: 16px;--type-sans-serif-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-xl-size: 42px;--type-sans-serif-xl-line-height: 46px;--type-sans-serif-xl-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-lg-size: 32px;--type-sans-serif-lg-line-height: 38px;--type-sans-serif-lg-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-md-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-md-line-height: 34px;--type-sans-serif-md-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-md-size: 28px;--type-sans-serif-xs-font-weight: 700;--type-sans-serif-xs-line-height: 25px;--type-sans-serif-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-sans-serif-xs-size: 20px;--type-sans-serif-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-sm-line-height: 30px;--type-sans-serif-sm-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-sm-size: 24px;--type-body-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-body-xl-size: 24px;--type-body-xl-line-height: 36px;--type-body-xl-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-body-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-body-sm-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-body-xs-font-weight: 400;--type-body-xs-size: 12px;--type-body-xs-line-height: 16px;--type-body-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-body-md-font-weight: 400;--type-body-md-size: 16px;--type-body-md-line-height: 20px;--type-body-md-paragraph-spacing: 4px;--type-body-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-body-lg-size: 20px;--type-body-lg-line-height: 26px;--type-body-lg-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-body-lg-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-lg-medium-size: 20px;--type-body-lg-medium-line-height: 32px;--type-body-lg-medium-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-body-md-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-md-medium-size: 16px;--type-body-md-medium-line-height: 20px;--type-body-md-medium-paragraph-spacing: 4px;--type-body-sm-bold-font-weight: 700;--type-body-sm-bold-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-bold-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-bold-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-body-sm-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-sm-medium-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-medium-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-medium-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-serif-md-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-md-size: 40px;--type-serif-md-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-md-line-height: 48px;--type-serif-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-sm-size: 28px;--type-serif-sm-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-sm-line-height: 32px;--type-serif-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-lg-size: 58px;--type-serif-lg-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-lg-line-height: 68px;--type-serif-xs-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-xs-size: 18px;--type-serif-xs-line-height: 24px;--type-serif-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-xl-size: 74px;--type-serif-xl-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-xl-line-height: 82px;--type-mono-md-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-md-size: 22px;--type-mono-md-line-height: 24px;--type-mono-md-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-mono-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-lg-size: 40px;--type-mono-lg-line-height: 40px;--type-mono-lg-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-mono-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-sm-size: 14px;--type-mono-sm-line-height: 24px;--type-mono-sm-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--spacing-xs-4: 4px;--spacing-xs-8: 8px;--spacing-xs-16: 16px;--spacing-sm-24: 24px;--spacing-sm-32: 32px;--spacing-md-40: 40px;--spacing-md-48: 48px;--spacing-lg-64: 64px;--spacing-lg-80: 80px;--spacing-xlg-104: 104px;--spacing-xlg-152: 152px;--spacing-xs-12: 12px;--spacing-page-section: 152px;--spacing-card-list-spacing: 48px;--spacing-text-section-spacing: 80px;--spacing-md-xs-headings: 40px;--corner-radius-radius-lg: 16px;--corner-radius-radius-sm: 4px;--corner-radius-radius-md: 8px;--corner-radius-radius-round: 104px}}</style><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_page/loswp-fd2fcde21889491abfafcac2e33d795c8d15f5c18207be857e53e09b77f94215.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-170d1319f0e354621e81ca17054bb147da2856ec0702fe440a99af314a6338c5.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-bfbac2a470372e2f3a6661a65fa7ff0a0fbf7aa32534d9a831d683d2a6f9e01b.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/heading-95367dc03b794f6737f30123738a886cf53b7a65cdef98a922a98591d60063e3.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/text_button-d1941ab08e91e29ee143084c4749da4aaffa350a2ac6eec2306b1d7a352d911a.css" /><link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /> </head> <body> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class="js-upgrade-ie-banner" style="display: none; text-align: center; padding: 8px 0; background-color: #ebe480;"><p style="color: #000; font-size: 12px; margin: 0 0 4px;">Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p style="color: #000; font-size: 12px; margin: 0;">To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to <a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.querySelector('.js-upgrade-ie-banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; } .sign-in-with-apple-button > div { margin: 0 auto; / This centers the Apple-rendered button horizontally }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span ="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "e23fe58fec1b8c08a9d360d5be1f9a2c0894d40a899e11fc0a797f43e63ca521", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="dTF9SkSrRdCDbDC2N4MuqdFBPceiSvJYBHCTkO77TWuQ-1pPlfGGWF214Kq002QZjuMm9mp1BcEODTFbQWFb5w" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://www.academia.edu/43936471/The_Z%C3%BCschen_I_Megalithic_Monument_Kassel_Hessen_and_its_Engravings_Animal_Traction_Ploughs_Carts_and_Wagons_in_Neolithic_Europe" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="3nDuQZ2JA7WSOozSEwVlTalq9GOBNtIyLzlREcRmCLc7uslETNPAPUzjXM6QVS_99sjvUkkJJaslRPPaa_weOw" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><input class="btn btn-primary btn-block g-recaptcha js-password-reset-submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" type="submit" value="Email me a link" /></form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account? <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script> <div class="header--container" id="main-header-container"><div class="header--inner-container header--inner-container-ds2"><div class="header-ds2--left-wrapper"><div class="header-ds2--left-wrapper-inner"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="hide-on-desktop-redesign" style="height: 24px; width: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hide-on-mobile-redesign" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a><div class="header--search-container header--search-container-ds2"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form select2-no-default-pills" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><svg style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="search" class="header--search-icon svg-inline--fa fa-search fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M505 442.7L405.3 343c-4.5-4.5-10.6-7-17-7H372c27.6-35.3 44-79.7 44-128C416 93.1 322.9 0 208 0S0 93.1 0 208s93.1 208 208 208c48.3 0 92.7-16.4 128-44v16.3c0 6.4 2.5 12.5 7 17l99.7 99.7c9.4 9.4 24.6 9.4 33.9 0l28.3-28.3c9.4-9.4 9.4-24.6.1-34zM208 336c-70.7 0-128-57.2-128-128 0-70.7 57.2-128 128-128 70.7 0 128 57.2 128 128 0 70.7-57.2 128-128 128z"></path></svg><input class="header--search-input header--search-input-ds2 js-SiteSearch-form-input" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" /></form></div></div></div><nav class="header--nav-buttons header--nav-buttons-ds2 js-main-nav"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-header-login-url header-button-ds2 header-login-ds2 hide-on-mobile-redesign react-login-modal-opener" data-signup-modal="{"location":"login-button--header"}" rel="nofollow">Log In</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary header-button-ds2 hide-on-mobile-redesign react-login-modal-opener" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-button--header"}" rel="nofollow">Sign Up</button><button class="header--hamburger-button header--hamburger-button-ds2 hide-on-desktop-redesign js-header-hamburger-button"><div class="icon-bar"></div><div class="icon-bar" style="margin-top: 4px;"></div><div class="icon-bar" style="margin-top: 4px;"></div></button></nav></div><ul class="header--dropdown-container js-header-dropdown"><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/login" rel="nofollow">Log In</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup" rel="nofollow">Sign Up</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row js-header-dropdown-expand-button"><button class="header--dropdown-button">more<svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="caret-down" class="header--dropdown-button-icon svg-inline--fa fa-caret-down fa-w-10" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M31.3 192h257.3c17.8 0 26.7 21.5 14.1 34.1L174.1 354.8c-7.8 7.8-20.5 7.8-28.3 0L17.2 226.1C4.6 213.5 13.5 192 31.3 192z"></path></svg></button></li><li><ul class="header--expanded-dropdown-container"><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="header--dropdown-row-icon svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg>We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="header--dropdown-row-icon svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg>Help Center</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row js-header-dropdown-collapse-button"><button class="header--dropdown-button">less<svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="caret-up" class="header--dropdown-button-icon svg-inline--fa fa-caret-up fa-w-10" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M288.662 352H31.338c-17.818 0-26.741-21.543-14.142-34.142l128.662-128.662c7.81-7.81 20.474-7.81 28.284 0l128.662 128.662c12.6 12.599 3.676 34.142-14.142 34.142z"></path></svg></button></li></ul></li></ul></div> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/fast_loswp-bundle-51ada6d7e8fd4f6594cc8a39e5b209c6c5f9b45d97fd4f4728a73454252d9098.js" defer="defer"></script><script>window.loswp = {}; window.loswp.author = 356665; window.loswp.bulkDownloadFilterCounts = {}; window.loswp.hasDownloadableAttachment = true; window.loswp.hasViewableAttachments = true; // TODO: just use routes for this window.loswp.loginUrl = "https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F43936471%2FThe_Z%25C3%25BCschen_I_Megalithic_Monument_Kassel_Hessen_and_its_Engravings_Animal_Traction_Ploughs_Carts_and_Wagons_in_Neolithic_Europe%3Fauto%3Ddownload"; window.loswp.translateUrl = "https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F43936471%2FThe_Z%25C3%25BCschen_I_Megalithic_Monument_Kassel_Hessen_and_its_Engravings_Animal_Traction_Ploughs_Carts_and_Wagons_in_Neolithic_Europe%3Fshow_translation%3Dtrue"; window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":64260694,"identifier":"Attachment_64260694","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":43936471,"created_at":"2020-08-24T07:23:30.255-07:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2021-01-16T21:24:47.997-08:00","_data":{"abstract":"Anati, Emmanuel; Gomes, Mário Varela (2013) – The Züschen I Megalithic Monument (Kassel, Hessen) and its Engravings. Animal Traction, Ploughs, Carts and Wagons in Neolithic Europe. Instituto de Arqueologia e Paleociências da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa. ISBN 978-84-7956-121-5.","publication_date":"2013,,","publication_name":"The Züschen I Megalithic Monument (Kassel, Hessen) and its Engravings. Animal Traction, Ploughs, Carts and Wagons in Neolithic Europe"},"document_type":"book","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"The Züschen I Megalithic Monument (Kassel, Hessen) and its Engravings. Animal Traction, Ploughs, Carts and Wagons in Neolithic Europe","broadcastable":true,"draft":false,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [356665]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":64260694,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “The Züschen I Megalithic Monument (Kassel, Hessen) and its Engravings. Animal Traction, Ploughs, Carts and Wagons in Neolithic Europe”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/64260694/mini_magick20220702-24827-1je88fd.png?1656826593" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">The Züschen I Megalithic Monument (Kassel, Hessen) and its Engravings. Animal Traction, Ploughs, Carts and Wagons in Neolithic Europe</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="356665" href="https://fcsh-unl.academia.edu/MarioVarelaGomes"><img alt="Profile image of Mário Varela Gomes" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/356665/170499751/160483989/s65_m_rio.varela_gomes.png" />Mário Varela Gomes</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2013, The Züschen I Megalithic Monument (Kassel, Hessen) and its Engravings. Animal Traction, Ploughs, Carts and Wagons in Neolithic Europe</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">194 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 43936471; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=43936471"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Anati, Emmanuel; Gomes, Mário Varela (2013) – The Züschen I Megalithic Monument (Kassel, Hessen) and its Engravings. Animal Traction, Ploughs, Carts and Wagons in Neolithic Europe. Instituto de Arqueologia e Paleociências da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa. ISBN 978-84-7956-121-5.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":64260694,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/43936471/The_Z%C3%BCschen_I_Megalithic_Monument_Kassel_Hessen_and_its_Engravings_Animal_Traction_Ploughs_Carts_and_Wagons_in_Neolithic_Europe"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":64260694,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/43936471/The_Z%C3%BCschen_I_Megalithic_Monument_Kassel_Hessen_and_its_Engravings_Animal_Traction_Ploughs_Carts_and_Wagons_in_Neolithic_Europe"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. If the signup banner trigger (a 242px-high* invisible div underneath the 'See Full PDF' / 'Download PDF' buttons) // is already fully scrolled above the viewport, show the banner by default // 2. If the signup banner trigger is fully visible, show the banner // 3. If the signup banner trigger has even a few pixels scrolled below the viewport, hide the banner // // * 242px is the empirically determined height of the signup banner. It's better to be a bit taller than // necessary than too short, so it's fine that the mobile (small breakpoint) banner is shorter. // First check session storage for the signup banner's visibility state const signupBannerHidden = sessionStorage.getItem('ds-signup-banner-hidden'); if (signupBannerHidden === 'true') { return; } const signupBanner = document.querySelector('.ds-signup-banner'); const signupBannerTrigger = document.querySelector('.ds-signup-banner-trigger'); if (!signupBannerTrigger) { window.Sentry.captureMessage("Signup banner trigger not found"); return; } let footerShown = false; window.addEventListener('load', () => { const rect = signupBannerTrigger.getBoundingClientRect(); // If page loaded up already scrolled below the trigger (via scroll restoration), show the banner by default if (rect.bottom < 0) { footerShown = true; signupBanner.classList.add('ds-signup-banner-visible'); } }); // Wait for trigger to fully enter viewport before showing banner (ensures PDF CTAs are never covered by banner) const observer = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => { entries.forEach(entry => { if (entry.isIntersecting && !footerShown) { footerShown = true; signupBanner.classList.add('ds-signup-banner-visible'); } else if (!entry.isIntersecting && footerShown) { if (signupBannerTrigger.getBoundingClientRect().bottom > 0) { footerShown = false; signupBanner.classList.remove('ds-signup-banner-visible'); } } }); }); observer.observe(signupBannerTrigger); // Set up signup banner close button event handler: const signupBannerCloseButton = document.querySelector('#ds-signup-banner-close-button'); signupBannerCloseButton.addEventListener('click', () => { signupBanner.classList.remove('ds-signup-banner-visible'); observer.unobserve(signupBannerTrigger); // Store the signup banner's visibility state in session storage sessionStorage.setItem('ds-signup-banner-hidden', 'true'); }); })();</script></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="64260694" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/43936471/The_Z%C3%BCschen_I_Megalithic_Monument_Kassel_Hessen_and_its_Engravings_Animal_Traction_Ploughs_Carts_and_Wagons_in_Neolithic_Europe" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="75151210" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75151210/Landscapes_Histories_And_Societies_In_The_Northern_European_Neolithic_Fr%C3%BChe_Monumentalit%C3%A4t_Und_Soziale_Differenzierung_Band_4">Landscapes, Histories And Societies In The Northern European Neolithic. Frühe Monumentalität Und Soziale Differenzierung Band 4</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38308700" href="https://unibe-ch.academia.edu/MartinHinz">Martin Hinz</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Landscapes, Histories And Societies In The Northern European Neolithic. Frühe Monumentalität Und Soziale Differenzierung Band 4","attachmentId":83035760,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/75151210/Landscapes_Histories_And_Societies_In_The_Northern_European_Neolithic_Fr%C3%BChe_Monumentalit%C3%A4t_Und_Soziale_Differenzierung_Band_4","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/75151210/Landscapes_Histories_And_Societies_In_The_Northern_European_Neolithic_Fr%C3%BChe_Monumentalit%C3%A4t_Und_Soziale_Differenzierung_Band_4"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="9784868" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9784868/D_Mischka_et_al_eds_Landscapes_Histories_and_Societies_in_the_northern_European_Neolithic_65_80_Kiel_German_Research_Foundation_Program_SPP_1400_Early_Monumentality_and_social_differentiation">D.Mischka (et al) (eds.). ‘Landscapes, Histories and Societies in the northern European Neolithic’: 65-80. Kiel: German Research Foundation Program SPP 1400 Early Monumentality and social differentiation. </a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1975246" href="https://aberdeen.academia.edu/GordonNoble">Gordon Noble</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"D.Mischka (et al) (eds.). ‘Landscapes, Histories and Societies in the northern European Neolithic’: 65-80. Kiel: German Research Foundation Program SPP 1400 Early Monumentality and social differentiation. ","attachmentId":35960800,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/9784868/D_Mischka_et_al_eds_Landscapes_Histories_and_Societies_in_the_northern_European_Neolithic_65_80_Kiel_German_Research_Foundation_Program_SPP_1400_Early_Monumentality_and_social_differentiation","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/9784868/D_Mischka_et_al_eds_Landscapes_Histories_and_Societies_in_the_northern_European_Neolithic_65_80_Kiel_German_Research_Foundation_Program_SPP_1400_Early_Monumentality_and_social_differentiation"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="116382156" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/116382156/New_evidence_for_prehistoric_ploughing_in_Europe">New evidence for prehistoric ploughing in Europe</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4382037" href="https://204.academia.edu/SylvainOzainne">Sylvain Ozainne</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">For the past four decades, the 'Secondary Products Revolution' model, i.e., the exploitation of animal resources that do not involve killing the animal, such as the production of milk and wool and the use of animals for physical labour has been the object of heated discussion between Neolithic scholars. According to this model, the use of animal strength arrived relatively late in Europe-during the socioeconomic changes of the Late Neolithic in the 4th millennium BCE. Plough marks are the most convincing direct evidence of the use of animal traction. However, few are preserved making them relatively rare throughout Europe and dating them is difficult and often imprecise. Recent research at the Anciens Arsenaux site in Sion, Valais, Switzerland has revealed the presence of the oldest known plough marks in Europe, dating from the beginning of the 5th millennium BCE. They bear witness to the use of animal traction quite soon after the establishment of an agro-pastoral economy in the Alpine region. This is corroborated by recent archaeozoological studies and suggests that this important innovation could already be part of the Neolithic package introduced into Europe during the 6th millennium BCE.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"New evidence for prehistoric ploughing in Europe","attachmentId":112527774,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/116382156/New_evidence_for_prehistoric_ploughing_in_Europe","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/116382156/New_evidence_for_prehistoric_ploughing_in_Europe"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="2572182" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2572182/Zimmermann_Andreas_Karl_Peter_Wendt_Thomas_Frank_Johanna_Hilpert_Landscape_Archaeology_in_Central_Europe_Proceedings_of_the_Prehistoric_Society_75_2009_1_53">Zimmermann, Andreas; Karl Peter Wendt, Thomas Frank, Johanna Hilpert: Landscape Archaeology in Central Europe. - Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 75, 2009, 1–53.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="973997" href="https://uni-koln.academia.edu/ThomasFrank">Thomas Frank</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Estimations of population density, which consider regional variability, are an important key variable in archaeology as they have consequences not only for the environmental but also for the economical and social domains. In this paper, a ten-step procedure of a consistent group of methods is described which deals with the data required for estimations of population density at different scale levels (from excavation to large-scale distribution maps). For distribution maps, a method is presented by which densities of sites are displayed using optimal isolines. These demarcate so called 'settlement areas' at scales of between 1:25,000 and 1:2.5 million. Our knowledge of the density of households from key areas with the most complete archaeological records is upscaled for the regions within these isolines. The results of this procedure are estimations of population density for the early Neolithic (Bandkeramik, 51st century BC) and the Roman period (2nd century AD) for regions with some 10,000 km². A simple statistical/graphical method is developed to analyse the relationship between settlement areas, soils, and precipitation. Taking into account the aspects of preservation of sites and the intensity of archaeological observations, an analysis of patterns of land use shows that in prehistory not all areas suitable for use were in fact incorporated into settlement areas. For prehistory, the idea of a most optimised use of land up to its carrying capacity (as it has been proposed for at least 50 years) can be falsified for specific areas. A large number of empty regions with good ecological conditions but lacking in settlement activity can be discussed as resulting from culture historical processes. As an example, the separation of areas inhabited by groups of different identities is discussed. The amount of used space (in terms of 'settlement area') however, increases from the early Neolithic to the 4th century BC from 5% to more than 40% . The increase between the Neolithic and the Iron Age is understood in terms of technological developments in farming systems. The percentage of areas with suitable conditions actually utilised between the Bandkeramik and Iron Age increases from 31.1% to 67.5% in the area covered by the Geschichtlicher Atlas der Rheinlande, and is much higher still in the Roman period (84.3%). State societies seem to use the land more efficiently compared to non-state systems. This is becoming even clearer on consideration of the intensity of human impact.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Zimmermann, Andreas; Karl Peter Wendt, Thomas Frank, Johanna Hilpert: Landscape Archaeology in Central Europe. - Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 75, 2009, 1–53.","attachmentId":30583301,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/2572182/Zimmermann_Andreas_Karl_Peter_Wendt_Thomas_Frank_Johanna_Hilpert_Landscape_Archaeology_in_Central_Europe_Proceedings_of_the_Prehistoric_Society_75_2009_1_53","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/2572182/Zimmermann_Andreas_Karl_Peter_Wendt_Thomas_Frank_Johanna_Hilpert_Landscape_Archaeology_in_Central_Europe_Proceedings_of_the_Prehistoric_Society_75_2009_1_53"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="43902529" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43902529/Problems_of_the_Neolithic_and_Eneolithic_39_th_annual_meeting_Brno_September_9_11_2020_Abstract_book">Problems of the Neolithic and Eneolithic. 39 th annual meeting. Brno, September 9–11 2020. Abstract book.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="520231" href="https://muni.academia.edu/PeterT%C3%B3th">Peter Tóth</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Presented publication is a collection of 40 abstracts of papers, which are conferred at the 39th annual meeting "Problems of the Neolithic and Eneolithic". The contributions are divided into four thematic blocks, which build on a long research tradition in Central Europe and reflect the new needs and directions of archaeology. Student session as a suitable platform for meeting with the next generation of archaeologists with professionals represents a separate block. The collection also includes invited lectures, which present new paradigmatic approaches to the interpretation of the archaeological record in the Neolithic and Eneolithic. The discussion session is devoted to currently intensively debated questions of settlement waste. This session concludes with memories of the most experienced researchers and their legacy for future generations of archaeologists.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Problems of the Neolithic and Eneolithic. 39 th annual meeting. Brno, September 9–11 2020. Abstract book.","attachmentId":64227249,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/43902529/Problems_of_the_Neolithic_and_Eneolithic_39_th_annual_meeting_Brno_September_9_11_2020_Abstract_book","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/43902529/Problems_of_the_Neolithic_and_Eneolithic_39_th_annual_meeting_Brno_September_9_11_2020_Abstract_book"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="31008375" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31008375/Adrian_Chadwick_2016_The_Lives_of_Prehistoric_Monuments_in_Iron_Age_Roman_and_Medieval_Europe_The_Archaeological_Journal_DOI_10_1080_00665983_2016_1252194">Adrian Chadwick (2016) The Lives of Prehistoric Monuments in Iron Age, Roman, and Medieval Europe. The Archaeological Journal. DOI: 10.1080/00665983.2016.1252194</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="117531" href="https://durham.academia.edu/MartaD%C3%ADazGuardamino">Marta Diaz-Guardamino</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Adrian Chadwick (2016) The Lives of Prehistoric Monuments in Iron Age, Roman, and Medieval Europe. The Archaeological Journal. DOI: 10.1080/00665983.2016.1252194","attachmentId":51441403,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/31008375/Adrian_Chadwick_2016_The_Lives_of_Prehistoric_Monuments_in_Iron_Age_Roman_and_Medieval_Europe_The_Archaeological_Journal_DOI_10_1080_00665983_2016_1252194","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/31008375/Adrian_Chadwick_2016_The_Lives_of_Prehistoric_Monuments_in_Iron_Age_Roman_and_Medieval_Europe_The_Archaeological_Journal_DOI_10_1080_00665983_2016_1252194"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="88555293" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/88555293/Vincent_Ard_and_Lucile_Pillot_editors_Giants_in_the_Landscape_Monumentality_and_Territories_in_the_European_Neolithic_Proceedings_of_the_XV11_International_Union_of_the_Prehistoric_and_Protohistoric_Sciences_World_Congress_Volume_3">Vincent Ard and Lucile Pillot editors, 'Giants in the Landscape: Monumentality and Territories in the European Neolithic. Proceedings of the XV11 International Union of the Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences World Congress. Volume 3</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="887896" href="https://lamp.academia.edu/PamelaArmstrong">Pamela Armstrong</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Skyscape Archaeology, 2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Vincent Ard and Lucile Pillot eds, Giants in the Landscape: Monumentality and Territories in the European Neolithic. Proceedings of the XV11 International Union of the Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences World Congress. Edited by Volume 3 / Session A25d. Oxford, UK: Archaeopress (2016). Paperback, English, vi+94 pages; illustrated throughout in black and white. ISBN: 9781784912857. £26.00. Also available to download from Archaeopress Open Access.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Vincent Ard and Lucile Pillot editors, 'Giants in the Landscape: Monumentality and Territories in the European Neolithic. Proceedings of the XV11 International Union of the Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences World Congress. Volume 3","attachmentId":92507709,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88555293/Vincent_Ard_and_Lucile_Pillot_editors_Giants_in_the_Landscape_Monumentality_and_Territories_in_the_European_Neolithic_Proceedings_of_the_XV11_International_Union_of_the_Prehistoric_and_Protohistoric_Sciences_World_Congress_Volume_3","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/88555293/Vincent_Ard_and_Lucile_Pillot_editors_Giants_in_the_Landscape_Monumentality_and_Territories_in_the_European_Neolithic_Proceedings_of_the_XV11_International_Union_of_the_Prehistoric_and_Protohistoric_Sciences_World_Congress_Volume_3"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="35225263" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35225263/S_Scharl_Unravelling_Neolithic_Europe_Opportunities_and_obstructions_in_overviewing_the_European_Neolithic_Germania_94_2016_211_218">S. Scharl, Unravelling Neolithic Europe? Opportunities and obstructions in overviewing the European Neolithic. Germania 94, 2016, 211-218.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="28560826" href="https://uni-koeln.academia.edu/SilvianeScharl">Silviane Scharl</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"S. Scharl, Unravelling Neolithic Europe? Opportunities and obstructions in overviewing the European Neolithic. Germania 94, 2016, 211-218.","attachmentId":57560948,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35225263/S_Scharl_Unravelling_Neolithic_Europe_Opportunities_and_obstructions_in_overviewing_the_European_Neolithic_Germania_94_2016_211_218","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/35225263/S_Scharl_Unravelling_Neolithic_Europe_Opportunities_and_obstructions_in_overviewing_the_European_Neolithic_Germania_94_2016_211_218"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="1160390" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1160390/Man_animal_relationships_in_the_Early_Neolithic_of_Dresden_Saxony_Germany_">Man-animal relationships in the Early Neolithic of Dresden (Saxony, Germany)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1048937" href="https://dpaa.academia.edu/RengertElburg">Rengert Elburg</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">DEINSEA Annual of the Natural History Museum Rotterdam 7, 1999 , 1999</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">A small sample of animal bones dating to the Early Neolithic Linear Ceramic Culture from Dresden-Mockritz (Saxony, Germany) has been investigated. It stands out for containing a wide range of species showing evidence of the use of very diverse environments. The remarkably high amount of wild animals as compared to domesticates is discussed and put in a wider context. It is shown that regional models explaining differences in animal exploitation patterns in the Early Neolithic are not tenable in the light of new evidence and a much more local mode of adaptation to different circumstances is suggested. Drawing evidence from the taphonomy of the complexes under study, an assessment of the representatives of the sample is made and its value to archeological interpretation indicated. An antler artifact, a so called T-axe, associated with the faunal remains, is discussed and thought to be an indicator of changing patterns of subsistence in the Neolithic of the Dresden area.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Man-animal relationships in the Early Neolithic of Dresden (Saxony, Germany)","attachmentId":15129524,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1160390/Man_animal_relationships_in_the_Early_Neolithic_of_Dresden_Saxony_Germany_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1160390/Man_animal_relationships_in_the_Early_Neolithic_of_Dresden_Saxony_Germany_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="2774737" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2774737/The_Neolithic_burial_sequence_at_Flintbek_LA_3_north_Germany_and_its_cart_tracks_a_precise_chronology">The Neolithic burial sequence at Flintbek LA 3, north Germany, and its cart tracks: a precise chronology</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1259852" href="https://uni-erlangen.academia.edu/DorisMischka">Doris Mischka</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Antiquity 85, 329, 2011</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">http://antiquity.ac.uk/ant/085/ant0850742.htm). Here we publish supplementary material. Radiocarbon dating of 32 stratigraphic samples aided by Bayesian analysis has allowed the author to produce a high precision chronology for the construction and development of a continental Neolithic long barrow for the first time. She shows when and how quickly people living on the shore of the Baltic adopted pit graves, megalithic chambers and long barrows. Better than that, she provides a date for the famous cart tracks beneath the final barrow to 3420-3385 cal BC. Although other parts of the packageploughing and potteryare late arrivals, her analysis of the global evidence shows that Flintbek remains among the earliest sightings of the wheel in northern Europe.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Neolithic burial sequence at Flintbek LA 3, north Germany, and its cart tracks: a precise chronology","attachmentId":30889438,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/2774737/The_Neolithic_burial_sequence_at_Flintbek_LA_3_north_Germany_and_its_cart_tracks_a_precise_chronology","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/2774737/The_Neolithic_burial_sequence_at_Flintbek_LA_3_north_Germany_and_its_cart_tracks_a_precise_chronology"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":64260694,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":64260694,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_64260694" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="75151213" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75151213/Introduction_Neolithic_and_Bronze_Age_pile_dwellings_in_Europe_An_outstanding_archaeological_resource_with_a_long_research_tradition_and_broad_perspectives">Introduction: Neolithic and Bronze Age pile dwellings in Europe. An outstanding archaeological resource with a long research tradition and broad perspectives</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38308700" href="https://unibe-ch.academia.edu/MartinHinz">Martin Hinz</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2020</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Introduction: Neolithic and Bronze Age pile dwellings in Europe. An outstanding archaeological resource with a long research tradition and broad perspectives","attachmentId":83035703,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/75151213/Introduction_Neolithic_and_Bronze_Age_pile_dwellings_in_Europe_An_outstanding_archaeological_resource_with_a_long_research_tradition_and_broad_perspectives","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/75151213/Introduction_Neolithic_and_Bronze_Age_pile_dwellings_in_Europe_An_outstanding_archaeological_resource_with_a_long_research_tradition_and_broad_perspectives"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="82265414" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/82265414/The_Neolithic_of_Europe">The Neolithic of Europe</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32520044" href="https://cardiff.academia.edu/AlasdairWhittle">Alasdair Whittle</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2017</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Neolithic of Europe","attachmentId":88029103,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/82265414/The_Neolithic_of_Europe","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/82265414/The_Neolithic_of_Europe"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="44856634" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44856634/Quaternary_International_560_562_Special_Issue_Formation_and_Transformation_of_Early_Neolithic_Lifestyles_in_Europe">Quaternary International 560-562. Special Issue: Formation and Transformation of Early Neolithic Lifestyles in Europe</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="817451" href="https://uni-koeln.academia.edu/BernhardWeninger">Bernhard Weninger</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7443689" href="https://denkmalpflege-bw.academia.edu/J%C3%B6rgBofinger">Jörg Bofinger</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="31898020" href="https://uni-tuebingen.academia.edu/RaikoKrau%C3%9F">Raiko Krauß</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Quaternary International, 2020</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Quaternary International 560-562. Special Issue: Formation and Transformation of Early Neolithic Lifestyles in Europe","attachmentId":91298265,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/44856634/Quaternary_International_560_562_Special_Issue_Formation_and_Transformation_of_Early_Neolithic_Lifestyles_in_Europe","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/44856634/Quaternary_International_560_562_Special_Issue_Formation_and_Transformation_of_Early_Neolithic_Lifestyles_in_Europe"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="34624796" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34624796/Animal_Husbandry_and_Pastoralism_in_the_Late_Neolithic_and_Early_Bronze_Age_in_M_Ch%C5%82odnicki_L_Krzy%C5%BCaniak_red_Pipeline_of_Archaelogical_Treasures_Gazoci%C4%85g_pe%C5%82en_skarb%C3%B3w_archeologicznych_Pozna%C5%84_2000">Animal Husbandry and Pastoralism in the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age, [in:] M. Chłodnicki, L. Krzyżaniak (red.), Pipeline of Archaelogical Treasures [Gazociąg pełen skarbów archeologicznych], Poznań, 2000.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1054744" href="https://amu.academia.edu/JanuszCzebreszuk">Janusz Czebreszuk</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Animal Husbandry and Pastoralism in the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age, [in:] M. Chłodnicki, L. Krzyżaniak (red.), Pipeline of Archaelogical Treasures [Gazociąg pełen skarbów archeologicznych], Poznań, 2000.","attachmentId":54488654,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34624796/Animal_Husbandry_and_Pastoralism_in_the_Late_Neolithic_and_Early_Bronze_Age_in_M_Ch%C5%82odnicki_L_Krzy%C5%BCaniak_red_Pipeline_of_Archaelogical_Treasures_Gazoci%C4%85g_pe%C5%82en_skarb%C3%B3w_archeologicznych_Pozna%C5%84_2000","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/34624796/Animal_Husbandry_and_Pastoralism_in_the_Late_Neolithic_and_Early_Bronze_Age_in_M_Ch%C5%82odnicki_L_Krzy%C5%BCaniak_red_Pipeline_of_Archaelogical_Treasures_Gazoci%C4%85g_pe%C5%82en_skarb%C3%B3w_archeologicznych_Pozna%C5%84_2000"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="38196396" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38196396/Furholt_Martin_Hinz_Martin_Mischka_Doris_Noble_Gordon_Olausson_Deborah_eds_Landscapes_Histories_and_Societies_in_the_Northern_European_Neolithic">Furholt, Martin/Hinz, Martin/Mischka, Doris/Noble, Gordon/Olausson, Deborah (eds.), Landscapes, Histories and Societies in the Northern European Neolithic</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38308700" href="https://unibe-ch.academia.edu/MartinHinz">Martin Hinz</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Furholt, Martin/Hinz, Martin/Mischka, Doris/Noble, Gordon/Olausson, Deborah (eds.), Landscapes, Histories and Societies in the Northern European Neolithic","attachmentId":58234334,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/38196396/Furholt_Martin_Hinz_Martin_Mischka_Doris_Noble_Gordon_Olausson_Deborah_eds_Landscapes_Histories_and_Societies_in_the_Northern_European_Neolithic","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/38196396/Furholt_Martin_Hinz_Martin_Mischka_Doris_Noble_Gordon_Olausson_Deborah_eds_Landscapes_Histories_and_Societies_in_the_Northern_European_Neolithic"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="115579387" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/115579387/The_Lives_of_Prehistoric_Monuments_in_Iron_Age_Roman_and_Medieval_Europe_edited_by_Marta_D%C3%ADaz_Guardamino_Leonardo_Garc%C3%ADa_Sanju%C3%A1n_and_David_Wheatley">The Lives of Prehistoric Monuments in Iron Age, Roman, and Medieval Europe, edited by Marta Díaz-Guardamino, Leonardo García Sanjuán, and David Wheatley</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="43152565" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WheatleyD">David Wheatley</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Archaeological Journal, 2016</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Lives of Prehistoric Monuments in Iron Age, Roman, and Medieval Europe, edited by Marta Díaz-Guardamino, Leonardo García Sanjuán, and David Wheatley","attachmentId":111945999,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/115579387/The_Lives_of_Prehistoric_Monuments_in_Iron_Age_Roman_and_Medieval_Europe_edited_by_Marta_D%C3%ADaz_Guardamino_Leonardo_Garc%C3%ADa_Sanju%C3%A1n_and_David_Wheatley","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/115579387/The_Lives_of_Prehistoric_Monuments_in_Iron_Age_Roman_and_Medieval_Europe_edited_by_Marta_D%C3%ADaz_Guardamino_Leonardo_Garc%C3%ADa_Sanju%C3%A1n_and_David_Wheatley"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="15076473" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15076473/_2015_The_Lives_of_Prehistoric_Monuments_in_Iron_Age_Roman_and_Medieval_Europe_Oxford_Oxford_University_Press">(2015) The Lives of Prehistoric Monuments in Iron Age, Roman, and Medieval Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="117531" href="https://durham.academia.edu/MartaD%C3%ADazGuardamino">Marta Diaz-Guardamino</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="539044" href="https://us.academia.edu/LeonardoGarc%C3%ADaSanju%C3%A1n">Leonardo García Sanjuán</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2015</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"(2015) The Lives of Prehistoric Monuments in Iron Age, Roman, and Medieval Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.","attachmentId":38588746,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/15076473/_2015_The_Lives_of_Prehistoric_Monuments_in_Iron_Age_Roman_and_Medieval_Europe_Oxford_Oxford_University_Press","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/15076473/_2015_The_Lives_of_Prehistoric_Monuments_in_Iron_Age_Roman_and_Medieval_Europe_Oxford_Oxford_University_Press"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="116978439" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/116978439/Barrow_cemeteries_in_the_Neolithic_of_north_west_Europe_The_case_of_Western_Mecklenburg_Germany_Cmentarzyska_kurhanowe_w_neolicie_Europy_P%C3%B3%C5%82nocno_Zachodniej_Przyk%C5%82ad_zachodniej_Meklemburgii_Niemcy">Barrow cemeteries in the Neolithic of north-west Europe. The case of Western Mecklenburg (Germany) Cmentarzyska kurhanowe w neolicie Europy Północno-Zachodniej. Przykład zachodniej Meklemburgii (Niemcy</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="27752560" href="https://nihk.academia.edu/AnjaBehrens">Anja Behrens</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Materiały Zachodniopomorskie, Nowa Seria XVII, 2021</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Barrow cemeteries in the Neolithic of north-west Europe. The case of Western Mecklenburg (Germany) Cmentarzyska kurhanowe w neolicie Europy Północno-Zachodniej. Przykład zachodniej Meklemburgii (Niemcy","attachmentId":112958925,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/116978439/Barrow_cemeteries_in_the_Neolithic_of_north_west_Europe_The_case_of_Western_Mecklenburg_Germany_Cmentarzyska_kurhanowe_w_neolicie_Europy_P%C3%B3%C5%82nocno_Zachodniej_Przyk%C5%82ad_zachodniej_Meklemburgii_Niemcy","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/116978439/Barrow_cemeteries_in_the_Neolithic_of_north_west_Europe_The_case_of_Western_Mecklenburg_Germany_Cmentarzyska_kurhanowe_w_neolicie_Europy_P%C3%B3%C5%82nocno_Zachodniej_Przyk%C5%82ad_zachodniej_Meklemburgii_Niemcy"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="25274631" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25274631/Andrew_M_Jones_2016_Review_of_The_Lives_of_Prehistoric_Monuments_in_Iron_Age_Roman_and_Medieval_Europe_European_Journal_of_Archaeology_19_1_157_162">Andrew M. Jones (2016) Review of 'The Lives of Prehistoric Monuments in Iron Age, Roman and Medieval Europe'. European Journal of Archaeology 19(1): 157-162.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="117531" href="https://durham.academia.edu/MartaD%C3%ADazGuardamino">Marta Diaz-Guardamino</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Andrew M. Jones (2016) Review of 'The Lives of Prehistoric Monuments in Iron Age, Roman and Medieval Europe'. European Journal of Archaeology 19(1): 157-162.","attachmentId":45577190,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/25274631/Andrew_M_Jones_2016_Review_of_The_Lives_of_Prehistoric_Monuments_in_Iron_Age_Roman_and_Medieval_Europe_European_Journal_of_Archaeology_19_1_157_162","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/25274631/Andrew_M_Jones_2016_Review_of_The_Lives_of_Prehistoric_Monuments_in_Iron_Age_Roman_and_Medieval_Europe_European_Journal_of_Archaeology_19_1_157_162"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="41971551" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41971551/Wagons_and_Wagon_Graves_of_the_Early_Iron_Age_in_Central_Europe_Text">Wagons and Wagon-Graves of the Early Iron Age in Central Europe - Text</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="476434" href="https://uni-mainz.academia.edu/ChristopherPare">Christopher Pare</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">1992</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Wagons and Wagon-Graves of the Early Iron Age in Central Europe - Text","attachmentId":62095758,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/41971551/Wagons_and_Wagon_Graves_of_the_Early_Iron_Age_in_Central_Europe_Text","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/41971551/Wagons_and_Wagon_Graves_of_the_Early_Iron_Age_in_Central_Europe_Text"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="10" data-entity-id="45717981" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45717981/BESSE_M_GILIGNY_F_ed_2021_Neolithic_and_Bronze_Age_Studies_in_Europe_from_material_culture_to_territories_Proceedings_of_the_XVIII_UISPP_World_Congress_4_9_June_2018_Paris_France_Archaeopress_Archaeology">BESSE M., GILIGNY F., ed._2021_Neolithic and Bronze Age Studies in Europe, from material culture to territories. Proceedings of the XVIII UISPP World Congress (4-9 June 2018, Paris, France), Archaeopress Archaeology.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8646342" href="https://unige.academia.edu/MarieBesse">Marie Besse</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1266022" href="https://univ-paris1.academia.edu/Fran%C3%A7oisGILIGNY">François GILIGNY</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Archaeopress Archaeology, 2021</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"BESSE M., GILIGNY F., ed._2021_Neolithic and Bronze Age Studies in Europe, from material culture to territories. Proceedings of the XVIII UISPP World Congress (4-9 June 2018, Paris, France), Archaeopress Archaeology.","attachmentId":66200714,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/45717981/BESSE_M_GILIGNY_F_ed_2021_Neolithic_and_Bronze_Age_Studies_in_Europe_from_material_culture_to_territories_Proceedings_of_the_XVIII_UISPP_World_Congress_4_9_June_2018_Paris_France_Archaeopress_Archaeology","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/45717981/BESSE_M_GILIGNY_F_ed_2021_Neolithic_and_Bronze_Age_Studies_in_Europe_from_material_culture_to_territories_Proceedings_of_the_XVIII_UISPP_World_Congress_4_9_June_2018_Paris_France_Archaeopress_Archaeology"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="11" data-entity-id="741897" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/741897/Neolithic_Monuments_on_Gotland_Material_Expressions_of_the_Domestication_Process">Neolithic Monuments on Gotland: Material Expressions of the Domestication Process</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="495117" href="https://uppsala.academia.edu/PaulWallin">Paul Wallin</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Neolithic Monuments on Gotland: Material Expressions of the Domestication Process","attachmentId":4246709,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/741897/Neolithic_Monuments_on_Gotland_Material_Expressions_of_the_Domestication_Process","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/741897/Neolithic_Monuments_on_Gotland_Material_Expressions_of_the_Domestication_Process"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="12" data-entity-id="37475820" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37475820/The_NeoliThic_of_europe_papers_in_honour_of_alasdair_Whittle">The NeoliThic of europe papers in honour of alasdair Whittle</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="93646297" href="https://unibasel.academia.edu/StefanieJacomet">Stefanie Jacomet</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="682644" href="https://mta.academia.edu/EszterBanffy">Eszter Banffy</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The NeoliThic of europe papers in honour of alasdair Whittle","attachmentId":57444733,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37475820/The_NeoliThic_of_europe_papers_in_honour_of_alasdair_Whittle","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/37475820/The_NeoliThic_of_europe_papers_in_honour_of_alasdair_Whittle"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="13" data-entity-id="115519751" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/115519751/Kri%C5%A1tuf_P_Turek_J_Fi%C5%A1er_J_Gojda_M_Chimalov%C3%A1_E_K%C5%99iv%C3%A1nek_R_2024_New_Evidence_of_Neolithic_Funerary_Monuments_from_the_Eastern_Margins_of_the_Long_Barrows_Territory_in_Central_Europe">Krištuf, P. - Turek, J. - Fišer, J. - Gojda, M. - Chimalová, E. - Křivánek, R. 2024: New Evidence of Neolithic Funerary Monuments from the Eastern Margins of the Long Barrows Territory in Central Europe</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="383587" href="https://cuni.academia.edu/JanTurek">Jan Turek</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="64352" href="https://zcu.academia.edu/PetrKri%C5%A1tuf">Petr Krištuf</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="137460846" href="https://zcu.academia.edu/echimalova">Eliška Chimalová</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Archaeologies: Journal of the World Archaeological Congress, 2024</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Krištuf, P. - Turek, J. - Fišer, J. - Gojda, M. - Chimalová, E. - Křivánek, R. 2024: New Evidence of Neolithic Funerary Monuments from the Eastern Margins of the Long Barrows Territory in Central Europe","attachmentId":111903445,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/115519751/Kri%C5%A1tuf_P_Turek_J_Fi%C5%A1er_J_Gojda_M_Chimalov%C3%A1_E_K%C5%99iv%C3%A1nek_R_2024_New_Evidence_of_Neolithic_Funerary_Monuments_from_the_Eastern_Margins_of_the_Long_Barrows_Territory_in_Central_Europe","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/115519751/Kri%C5%A1tuf_P_Turek_J_Fi%C5%A1er_J_Gojda_M_Chimalov%C3%A1_E_K%C5%99iv%C3%A1nek_R_2024_New_Evidence_of_Neolithic_Funerary_Monuments_from_the_Eastern_Margins_of_the_Long_Barrows_Territory_in_Central_Europe"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="14" data-entity-id="45728673" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45728673/BESSE_M_GILIGNY_F_2021_Introduction_to_Neolithic_and_Bronze_Age_Studies_in_Europe_from_material_culture_to_territories_In_Besse_M_Giligny_F_ed_Neolithic_and_Bronze_Age_studies_in_Europe_from_material_culture_to_territories_Proceedings_of_the_XVIII_UISPP_World_Congress_2018_Paris_France">BESSE M., GILIGNY F._2021_Introduction to Neolithic and Bronze Age Studies in Europe from material culture to territories. In: Besse M., Giligny F. ed. Neolithic and Bronze Age studies in Europe: from material culture to territories, Proceedings of the XVIII UISPP World Congress, 2018, Paris, France</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8646342" href="https://unige.academia.edu/MarieBesse">Marie Besse</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Archaeopress Archaeology, 2021</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"BESSE M., GILIGNY F._2021_Introduction to Neolithic and Bronze Age Studies in Europe from material culture to territories. In: Besse M., Giligny F. ed. Neolithic and Bronze Age studies in Europe: from material culture to territories, Proceedings of the XVIII UISPP World Congress, 2018, Paris, France","attachmentId":66201257,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/45728673/BESSE_M_GILIGNY_F_2021_Introduction_to_Neolithic_and_Bronze_Age_Studies_in_Europe_from_material_culture_to_territories_In_Besse_M_Giligny_F_ed_Neolithic_and_Bronze_Age_studies_in_Europe_from_material_culture_to_territories_Proceedings_of_the_XVIII_UISPP_World_Congress_2018_Paris_France","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/45728673/BESSE_M_GILIGNY_F_2021_Introduction_to_Neolithic_and_Bronze_Age_Studies_in_Europe_from_material_culture_to_territories_In_Besse_M_Giligny_F_ed_Neolithic_and_Bronze_Age_studies_in_Europe_from_material_culture_to_territories_Proceedings_of_the_XVIII_UISPP_World_Congress_2018_Paris_France"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="15" data-entity-id="24294429" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24294429/The_earliest_evidence_of_wheels_and_wagons_in_Neolithic_Central_Europe_and_the_Early_Bronze_Age_of_the_northern_Pontic_areas_3500_2200_BC_">The earliest evidence of wheels and wagons in Neolithic Central Europe and the Early Bronze Age of the northern Pontic areas (3500 – 2200 BC)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2441277" href="https://uni-kiel.academia.edu/SarahBockmeyer">Sarah R Bockmeyer</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The earliest evidence of wheels and wagons in Neolithic Central Europe and the Early Bronze Age of the northern Pontic areas (3500 – 2200 BC)","attachmentId":44628733,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/24294429/The_earliest_evidence_of_wheels_and_wagons_in_Neolithic_Central_Europe_and_the_Early_Bronze_Age_of_the_northern_Pontic_areas_3500_2200_BC_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/24294429/The_earliest_evidence_of_wheels_and_wagons_in_Neolithic_Central_Europe_and_the_Early_Bronze_Age_of_the_northern_Pontic_areas_3500_2200_BC_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="16" data-entity-id="9839890" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9839890/Schier_2014_Oxford_Handbook_of_the_Neolithic_Central_and_Eastern_Europe">Schier 2014 Oxford Handbook of the Neolithic - Central and Eastern Europe</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="23747171" href="https://fu-berlin.academia.edu/WolframSchier">Wolfram Schier</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Schier 2014 Oxford Handbook of the Neolithic - Central and Eastern Europe","attachmentId":36005795,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/9839890/Schier_2014_Oxford_Handbook_of_the_Neolithic_Central_and_Eastern_Europe","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/9839890/Schier_2014_Oxford_Handbook_of_the_Neolithic_Central_and_Eastern_Europe"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="17" data-entity-id="6794172" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6794172/A_Kramer_M_Mennenga_D_N%C3%B6sler_H_J%C3%B6ns_and_F_Bittmann_Neolithic_Land_Use_History_in_Northwestern_Germany_First_Results_from_an_Interdisciplinary_Research_Project_In_M_Hinz_and_J_M%C3%BCller_Hrsg_Siedlung_Grabenwerk_Gro%C3%9Fsteingrab_Bonn_2012_">A. Kramer, M. Mennenga, D. Nösler, H. Jöns & F. Bittmann, Neolithic Land Use History in Northwestern Germany – First Results from an Interdisciplinary Research Project In: M. Hinz & J. Müller (Hrsg.), Siedlung, Grabenwerk, Großsteingrab (Bonn 2012)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6672763" href="https://landkreis-stade.academia.edu/DanielN%C3%B6sler" rel="nofollow">Daniel Nösler</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3023379" href="https://nihk.academia.edu/FelixBittmann">Felix Bittmann</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A. Kramer, M. Mennenga, D. Nösler, H. Jöns \u0026 F. Bittmann, Neolithic Land Use History in Northwestern Germany – First Results from an Interdisciplinary Research Project In: M. Hinz \u0026 J. Müller (Hrsg.), Siedlung, Grabenwerk, Großsteingrab (Bonn 2012)","attachmentId":33496885,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/6794172/A_Kramer_M_Mennenga_D_N%C3%B6sler_H_J%C3%B6ns_and_F_Bittmann_Neolithic_Land_Use_History_in_Northwestern_Germany_First_Results_from_an_Interdisciplinary_Research_Project_In_M_Hinz_and_J_M%C3%BCller_Hrsg_Siedlung_Grabenwerk_Gro%C3%9Fsteingrab_Bonn_2012_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/6794172/A_Kramer_M_Mennenga_D_N%C3%B6sler_H_J%C3%B6ns_and_F_Bittmann_Neolithic_Land_Use_History_in_Northwestern_Germany_First_Results_from_an_Interdisciplinary_Research_Project_In_M_Hinz_and_J_M%C3%BCller_Hrsg_Siedlung_Grabenwerk_Gro%C3%9Fsteingrab_Bonn_2012_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="18" data-entity-id="23280947" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23280947/T_L_Kienlin_P_Valde_Nowak_Neolithic_Transhumance_in_the_Black_Forest_Mountains_SW_Germany_Journal_of_Field_Archaeology_29_1_u_2_2002_2004_29_44">T. L. Kienlin/P. Valde-Nowak, Neolithic Transhumance in the Black Forest Mountains, SW Germany. Journal of Field Archaeology 29 (1 u. 2), 2002-2004, 29–44.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1060496" href="https://uni-koeln.academia.edu/TobiasKienlin">Tobias L . Kienlin</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1054527" href="https://jagiellonian.academia.edu/PawelValdeNowak">Pawel Valde-Nowak</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"T. L. Kienlin/P. Valde-Nowak, Neolithic Transhumance in the Black Forest Mountains, SW Germany. Journal of Field Archaeology 29 (1 u. 2), 2002-2004, 29–44.","attachmentId":43750344,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/23280947/T_L_Kienlin_P_Valde_Nowak_Neolithic_Transhumance_in_the_Black_Forest_Mountains_SW_Germany_Journal_of_Field_Archaeology_29_1_u_2_2002_2004_29_44","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/23280947/T_L_Kienlin_P_Valde_Nowak_Neolithic_Transhumance_in_the_Black_Forest_Mountains_SW_Germany_Journal_of_Field_Archaeology_29_1_u_2_2002_2004_29_44"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="19" data-entity-id="79013838" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/79013838/2022_Making_a_Neolithic_non_megalithic_monument_A_TRB_burial_ground_at_Dalfsen_the_Netherlands_c_3000_2750_cal_BC_Editors_H_M_van_der_Velde_N_Bouma_and_D_C_M_Raemaekers_">2022.Making a Neolithic non-megalithic monument. A TRB burial ground at Dalfsen (the Netherlands), c. 3000-2750 cal. BC (Editors: H.M. van der Velde, N. Bouma and D.C.M. Raemaekers)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2129288" href="https://rug.academia.edu/DaanRaemaekers">Daan Raemaekers</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2022</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"2022.Making a Neolithic non-megalithic monument. A TRB burial ground at Dalfsen (the Netherlands), c. 3000-2750 cal. BC (Editors: H.M. van der Velde, N. Bouma and D.C.M. Raemaekers)","attachmentId":85877807,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/79013838/2022_Making_a_Neolithic_non_megalithic_monument_A_TRB_burial_ground_at_Dalfsen_the_Netherlands_c_3000_2750_cal_BC_Editors_H_M_van_der_Velde_N_Bouma_and_D_C_M_Raemaekers_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/79013838/2022_Making_a_Neolithic_non_megalithic_monument_A_TRB_burial_ground_at_Dalfsen_the_Netherlands_c_3000_2750_cal_BC_Editors_H_M_van_der_Velde_N_Bouma_and_D_C_M_Raemaekers_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="20" data-entity-id="74330425" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74330425/Animal_Exploitation_on_Neolithic_Sites_in_Central_Germany">Animal Exploitation on Neolithic Sites in Central Germany</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1313416" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/SvenjaH%C3%B6ltkemeier">Svenja Höltkemeier</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Animal Exploitation on Neolithic Sites in Central Germany","attachmentId":82520442,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74330425/Animal_Exploitation_on_Neolithic_Sites_in_Central_Germany","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/74330425/Animal_Exploitation_on_Neolithic_Sites_in_Central_Germany"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="21" data-entity-id="33077895" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33077895/Open_Range_Cattle_Grazing_and_the_Spread_of_Farming_in_Neolithic_Central_Europe">Open-Range Cattle Grazing and the Spread of Farming in Neolithic Central Europe.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6115556" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PeterBogucki">Peter Bogucki</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Open-Range Cattle Grazing and the Spread of Farming in Neolithic Central Europe.","attachmentId":53180117,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33077895/Open_Range_Cattle_Grazing_and_the_Spread_of_Farming_in_Neolithic_Central_Europe","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/33077895/Open_Range_Cattle_Grazing_and_the_Spread_of_Farming_in_Neolithic_Central_Europe"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="22" data-entity-id="28135372" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28135372/_The_Lives_of_Prehistoric_Monuments_in_Iron_Age_Roman_and_Medieval_Europe_An_Introduction_">"The Lives of Prehistoric Monuments in Iron Age, Roman and Medieval Europe: An Introduction."</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="539044" href="https://us.academia.edu/LeonardoGarc%C3%ADaSanju%C3%A1n">Leonardo García Sanjuán</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Díaz-Guardamino Uribe, M.; García Sanjuán, L. and Wheatley, D. W. (eds.): The Lives of Prehistoric Monuments in Iron Age, Roman and Medieval Europe, 3-17. Oxford. Oxford University Pres, 2015</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"\"The Lives of Prehistoric Monuments in Iron Age, Roman and Medieval Europe: An Introduction.\"","attachmentId":48450125,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/28135372/_The_Lives_of_Prehistoric_Monuments_in_Iron_Age_Roman_and_Medieval_Europe_An_Introduction_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/28135372/_The_Lives_of_Prehistoric_Monuments_in_Iron_Age_Roman_and_Medieval_Europe_An_Introduction_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="23" data-entity-id="21681271" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21681271/2016_Review_of_Chris_Fowler_Jan_Harding_and_Daniela_Hofmann_eds_The_Oxford_Handbook_of_Neolithic_Europe_An_Introduction_in_European_Journal_of_Archaeology_2016">2016, Review of: Chris Fowler, Jan Harding and Daniela Hofmann, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Neolithic Europe: An Introduction, in European Journal of Archaeology 2016</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="735722" href="https://forth.academia.edu/EvitaKalogiropoulou">Evita Kalogiropoulou</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"2016, Review of: Chris Fowler, Jan Harding and Daniela Hofmann, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Neolithic Europe: An Introduction, in European Journal of Archaeology 2016","attachmentId":42372696,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/21681271/2016_Review_of_Chris_Fowler_Jan_Harding_and_Daniela_Hofmann_eds_The_Oxford_Handbook_of_Neolithic_Europe_An_Introduction_in_European_Journal_of_Archaeology_2016","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/21681271/2016_Review_of_Chris_Fowler_Jan_Harding_and_Daniela_Hofmann_eds_The_Oxford_Handbook_of_Neolithic_Europe_An_Introduction_in_European_Journal_of_Archaeology_2016"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="24" data-entity-id="6209340" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6209340/Subsistence_Strategies_in_the_Neolithic_and_Early_Bronze_Age_Hill_Settlement_of_Thaur_Kiechlberg_Tyrol_The_Example_of_the_Animal_Bones">Subsistence Strategies in the Neolithic and Early Bronze Age Hill Settlement of Thaur-Kiechlberg/Tyrol: The Example of the Animal Bones</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="31538399" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KlausOeggl">Klaus Oeggl</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="9498075" href="https://unibasel.academia.edu/SabineDeschlerErb">Sabine Deschler-Erb</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Subsistence Strategies in the Neolithic and Early Bronze Age Hill Settlement of Thaur-Kiechlberg/Tyrol: The Example of the Animal Bones","attachmentId":33083394,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/6209340/Subsistence_Strategies_in_the_Neolithic_and_Early_Bronze_Age_Hill_Settlement_of_Thaur_Kiechlberg_Tyrol_The_Example_of_the_Animal_Bones","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/6209340/Subsistence_Strategies_in_the_Neolithic_and_Early_Bronze_Age_Hill_Settlement_of_Thaur_Kiechlberg_Tyrol_The_Example_of_the_Animal_Bones"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="footer--content"><ul class="footer--main-links hide-on-mobile"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px; position: relative; bottom: -1px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg> <strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px; position: relative; bottom: -1px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg> <strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer--research-interests"><li>Find new research papers in:</li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul><ul class="footer--legal-links hide-on-mobile"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia ©2025</li></ul></div> </body> </html>