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href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">主题</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">生物学</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。64种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portaal:Biologie" title="Portaal:Biologie – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Portaal:Biologie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9:%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="بوابة:علم الأحياء – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بوابة:علم الأحياء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9:%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="قيسارية:لبيولوجيا – 摩洛哥阿拉伯文" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="قيسارية:لبيولوجيا" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="摩洛哥阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biologiya" title="Portal:Biologiya – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Portal:Biologiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%92%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84:%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%92%D9%84%D9%88%D9%92%DA%98%DB%8C" title="پوْرتال:بیوْلوْژی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پوْرتال:بیوْلوْژی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%91%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Партал:Біялогія – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Партал:Біялогія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Портал:Биология – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Портал:Биология" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0:%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="প্রবেশদ্বার:জীববিজ্ঞান – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রবেশদ্বার:জীববিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biologija" title="Portal:Biologija – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Portal:Biologija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biologia" title="Portal:Biologia – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Portal:Biologia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%95:%DA%98%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="دەروازە:ژینناسی – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دەروازە:ژینناسی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Biologie" title="Portál:Biologie – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Portál:Biologie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biologie" title="Portal:Biologie – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Portal:Biologie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%B7:%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Πύλη:Βιολογία – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πύλη:Βιολογία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biology" title="Portal:Biology – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Portal:Biology" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portalo:Biologio" title="Portalo:Biologio – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Portalo:Biologio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biolog%C3%ADa" title="Portal:Biología – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Portal:Biología" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portaal:Bioloogia" title="Portaal:Bioloogia – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Portaal:Bioloogia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q17580674 badge-featuredportal mw-list-item" title="特色主題"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87:%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="درگاه:زیست‌شناسی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="درگاه:زیست‌شناسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teemasivu:Biologia" title="Teemasivu:Biologia – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Teemasivu:Biologia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portail:Biologie" title="Portail:Biologie – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Portail:Biologie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tema:Biology" title="Tema:Biology – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Tema:Biology" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ok%E1%BA%BDndusu:Tekovekuaaty" title="Okẽndusu:Tekovekuaaty – 瓜拉尼语" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Okẽndusu:Tekovekuaaty" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="瓜拉尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%9C:%D7%91%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99%D7%94" title="פורטל:ביולוגיה – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פורטל:ביולוגיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0:%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="प्रवेशद्वार:जीव विज्ञान – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्रवेशद्वार:जीव विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biologija" title="Portal:Biologija – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Portal:Biologija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Biol%C3%B3gia" title="Portál:Biológia – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Portál:Biológia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biologi" title="Portal:Biologi – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Portal:Biologi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portale:Biologia" title="Portale:Biologia – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Portale:Biologia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="Portal:生物学 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Portal:生物学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="პორტალი:ბიოლოგია – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პორტალი:ბიოლოგია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Портал:Биология – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Портал:Биология" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8F%AC%ED%84%B8:%EC%83%9D%EB%AC%BC%ED%95%99" title="포털:생물학 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="포털:생물학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Википедия:Портал:Биология – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Википедия:Портал:Биология" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biologie" title="Portal:Biologie – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Portal:Biologie" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikisritis:Biologija" title="Vikisritis:Biologija – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vikisritis:Biologija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%C4%81ls:Biolo%C4%A3ija" title="Portāls:Bioloģija – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Portāls:Bioloģija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Портал:Биологија – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Портал:Биологија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml badge-Q17580674 badge-featuredportal mw-list-item" title="特色主題"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="കവാടം:ജീവശാസ്ത്രം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കവാടം:ജീവശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biologi" title="Portal:Biologi – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Portal:Biologi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biologi" title="Portal:Biologi – 尼亚斯语" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Portal:Biologi" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="尼亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portaal:Biologie" title="Portaal:Biologie – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Portaal:Biologie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biologia" title="Portal:Biologia – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Portal:Biologia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biologia" title="Portal:Biologia – 邦板牙语" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Portal:Biologia" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="邦板牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biologie" title="Portal:Biologie – 庇卡底文" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Portal:Biologie" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="庇卡底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biologia" title="Portal:Biologia – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Portal:Biologia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%87:%DA%98%D9%88%D9%86%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="تانبه:ژونپوهنه – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="تانبه:ژونپوهنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biologia" title="Portal:Biologia – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Portal:Biologia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punku_p%27anqa:_Kawsay_yachay" title="Punku p'anqa: Kawsay yachay – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Punku p'anqa: Kawsay yachay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biologie" title="Portal:Biologie – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Portal:Biologie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17580674 badge-featuredportal mw-list-item" title="特色主題"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Портал:Биология – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Портал:Биология" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8:%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="باب:حياتيات – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="باب:حياتيات" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BA:%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%93%E0%B7%80_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="ද්වාරය:ජීව විද්‍යාව – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ද්වාරය:ජීව විද්‍යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Biol%C3%B3gia" title="Portál:Biológia – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Portál:Biológia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biologija" title="Portal:Biologija – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Portal:Biologija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Baayooloji" title="Portal:Baayooloji – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Portal:Baayooloji" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Портал:Биологија – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Портал:Биологија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portoal:Biologie" title="Portoal:Biologie – 沙特菲士蘭文" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Portoal:Biologie" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="沙特菲士蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D:%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="வலைவாசல்:உயிரியல் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வலைவாசல்:உயிரியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biologij%C9%99" title="Portal:Biologijə – 塔里什文" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Portal:Biologijə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="塔里什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Портал:Биология – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Портал:Биология" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%91%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Портал:Біологія – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Портал:Біологія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BB%95ng_th%C3%B4ng_tin:Sinh_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Cổng thông tin:Sinh học – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cổng thông tin:Sinh học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="Portal:生物 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Portal:生物" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6726222#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-portal" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="查看主题页面[c]" accesskey="c"><span>主题</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal_talk:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" 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id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li::after{content:" | ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen li::after{content:" - ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma li::after{content:"、";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:"（"counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output ul.cslist,.mw-parser-output ul.sslist{margin:0;padding:0;display:inline-block;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .cslist li,.mw-parser-output .sslist li{margin:0;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .cslist li::after{content:"，"}.mw-parser-output .sslist li::after{content:"；"}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .sslist li:last-child::after{content:none}</style><div class="hlist noprint" style="margin-left: 0em; text-align: center"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E9%A6%96%E9%A0%81" title="Portal:首頁">主题</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9" title="Portal:人物">人物</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="Portal:历史">历史</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A" title="Portal:社会">社会</a></dd> <dd><a 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0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:#000;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3A%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8%2F%E6%AD%A1%E8%BF%8E&action=edit"><span style="color:#000">编辑</span></a> </div><h2 id="生物學首頁" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:#000;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E7.89.A9.E5.AD.B8.E9.A6.96.E9.A0.81"></span><b>生物學首頁</b></h2></div><div style="color:black;opacity:1;border:1px solid #99aaff;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:white;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Issoria_lathonia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Issoria_lathonia.jpg/120px-Issoria_lathonia.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Issoria_lathonia.jpg/180px-Issoria_lathonia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Issoria_lathonia.jpg/240px-Issoria_lathonia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="629" data-file-height="445" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>欢迎来到<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91" title="维基百科">维基百科</a>的<b>生物学首页</b>，生物學又稱作<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="生命科學">生命科學</a>或生物科學，是一門探討<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD" title="生命">生命</a>結構、功能、發展規律以及與環境之間的相互關係的科學。 </p><p>生物学首页是整合维基百科上关于<b>生物学</b>文章的一个<a href="/wiki/Portal:%E9%A6%96%E9%A0%81" title="Portal:首頁">主題</a>。所有关于<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="生物">生物</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="生物学">生物学</a>方面的内容都可以在这里找到。同时欢迎<b>您</b>参与相关条目的修订和编写。您也可以加入我们的<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%85%B4%E8%B6%A3%E5%B0%8F%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:生物兴趣小组维基人列表">生物兴趣小组</a>和我们一同发展维基百科。 </p> <div class="noprint" style="margin:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; padding:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; text-align:right;"><b> <a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="生物学">進一步了解生物學……</a> </b></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> <div style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8&action=purge"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Fairytale_key_enter-2.png/20px-Fairytale_key_enter-2.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Fairytale_key_enter-2.png/30px-Fairytale_key_enter-2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Fairytale_key_enter-2.png/40px-Fairytale_key_enter-2.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span><span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8&action=purge">刷新頁面</a><span></span></span></div> <div class="portal-column-left"> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:#000;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #99aaff;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#F5F8E7;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:#000;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3A%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%2F%E5%85%B8%E7%AF%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE%E6%8E%A8%E8%96%A6%2F22&action=edit"><span style="color:#000">编辑</span></a> </div><h2 id="典範條目" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:#000;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em"><span id=".E5.85.B8.E7.AF.84.E6.A2.9D.E7.9B.AE"></span><b>典範條目</b></h2></div><div style="color:black;opacity:1;border:1px solid #99aaff;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:white;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cell_migration.png" class="mw-file-description" title="細胞遷移過程圖"><img alt="細胞遷移過程圖" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Cell_migration.png/110px-Cell_migration.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Cell_migration.png/165px-Cell_migration.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Cell_migration.png/220px-Cell_migration.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>細胞遷移過程圖</figcaption></figure> <p><b><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E%E8%BF%81%E7%A7%BB" title="细胞迁移">细胞迁移</a></b>指的是<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E" title="细胞">细胞</a>在接收到迁移信号或感受到某些物质的浓度梯度后而产生的移动。移動过程中，细胞不断重复着向前方伸出突觸，然后牵拉後方胞体的循环过程。<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E%E9%AA%A8%E6%9E%B6" title="细胞骨架">细胞骨架</a>和其结合蛋白，還有細胞間質是这個过程的物质基础，另外还有多种物质會对之进行精密调节。细胞迁移是通过胞体形变进行的定向移动，因此细胞迁移的移動速度很慢。但此細胞遷移「步缓力微」的运动特性，却是细胞觅食、傷口痊癒、<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%9A%E8%83%8E%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="胚胎发生">胚胎发生</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB" title="免疫">免疫</a>反應、<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93" title="感染">感染</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%A0%E7%AB%AF%E8%BD%89%E7%A7%BB" title="遠端轉移">癌症转移</a>等生理现象所涉及到的。因此细胞迁移是目前细胞生物学研究的一个主要課題，科学家們试图通过对细胞迁移的研究，在阻止癌症转移、異體<a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%9A%AE" title="植皮">植皮</a>等医学应用方面取得更大成果。也因為細胞遷移獨有的运动特性，成為今<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="生物学">生物学</a>熱門研究方向。 </p> <div class="noprint" style="margin:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; padding:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6/%E5%85%B8%E7%AF%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE%E6%8E%A8%E8%96%A6" title="Portal:生物学/典範條目推薦">更多典範條目推薦…</a></b></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:#000;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #99aaff;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#F5F8E7;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:#000;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3A%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%2F%E7%B2%BE%E9%81%B8%E5%82%B3%E8%A8%98%E6%8E%A8%E8%96%A6%2F2&action=edit"><span style="color:#000">编辑</span></a> </div><h2 id="精選傳記" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:#000;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em"><span id=".E7.B2.BE.E9.81.B8.E5.82.B3.E8.A8.98"></span><b>精選傳記</b></h2></div><div style="color:black;opacity:1;border:1px solid #99aaff;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:white;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gregor_Mendel_oval.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Gregor_Mendel_oval.jpg/260px-Gregor_Mendel_oval.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Gregor_Mendel_oval.jpg/390px-Gregor_Mendel_oval.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Gregor_Mendel_oval.jpg/520px-Gregor_Mendel_oval.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1152" data-file-height="1458" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><b>孟德爾</b>，全名<b>格雷戈爾·約翰·門德爾</b>（德語：Gregor Johann Mendel，1822年7月20日－1884年1月6日）是一位<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9" title="奥地利">奥地利</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="科學家">科學家</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="天主教">天主教</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%81%8C%E4%BA%BA%E5%91%98" class="mw-redirect" title="圣职人员">圣职人员</a>。孟德爾出生於<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="奧地利帝國">奧地利帝國</a>（今天的<a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="捷克共和國">捷克共和國</a>）的西里西亞，已成為現代<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%BA%E5%82%B3%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="遺傳學">遺傳學</a>的創始人。儘管幾千年來農民就知道動植物的雜交可以促進某些理想的<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A7%E7%8B%80" title="性狀">性狀</a>，但孟德爾在1856年至1863年之間進行的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%8C%E8%B1%86" title="豌豆">豌豆</a>植物實驗建立了許多遺傳規則，現在被稱為<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="孟德尔定律">孟德爾定律</a>。 </p><p>孟德爾研究了豌豆的七大特徵：植物高度，豆莢的形狀及顏色，種子的形狀及顏色，以及花的位置和顏色。以種子的顏色為例，孟德爾表示當一個<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%A6%E9%81%BA%E5%82%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="真實遺傳（页面不存在）">真實遺傳</a>的黃豌豆種子和一個真實遺傳的綠豌豆種子雜交時，它們的後代一定是產生黃色種子，但是在下一代中，豌豆種子以1綠色對3黃色的比率重新出現。為了解釋這種現象，孟德爾針對這些特徵創造了“<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%B1%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="隱性">隱性</a>”和“<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%AF%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="顯性">顯性</a>”兩個術語（在前面的例子中，在第一代中消失的綠色特徵是隱性的特徵，而黃色則是顯性特徵）。孟德尔在1866年出版了他的论文，说明某种看不见的因素（也就是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0" title="基因">基因</a> ）可预测並确定生物体的性状。 </p><p>孟德爾的重大研究直到20世紀初（超過三十年）才被科學家們重新被人提起。Erich von Tschermak，<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%B8%E9%9C%8D%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="许霍·德弗里斯">許霍·德弗里斯</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E4%BC%A6%E6%96%AF" title="卡尔·科伦斯">卡爾·科倫斯</a>和William Jasper Spillman獨立地驗證了孟德爾的幾個實驗，從而迎來了遺傳學的時代。 </p><p>孟德爾也從事過植物<a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%81%E6%8E%A5" title="嫁接">嫁接</a>和養蜂等方面的研究，此外，他還進行了長期的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E8%B1%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="气象">氣象</a>觀測。他生前是維也納動植物學會會員，並且是布呂恩自然科學研究協會和奧地利氣象學會的創始人之一。 </p> <div class="noprint" style="margin:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; padding:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6/%E7%B2%BE%E9%81%B8%E5%82%B3%E8%A8%98%E6%8E%A8%E8%96%A6" title="Portal:生物学/精選傳記推薦">更多精選傳記推薦…</a></b></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> </div> <div class="portal-column-right"> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:#000;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #99aaff;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#F5F8E7;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:#000;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3A%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%2F%E7%89%B9%E8%89%B2%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87%2F1&action=edit"><span style="color:#000">编辑</span></a> </div><h2 id="特色图片" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:#000;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em"><span id=".E7.89.B9.E8.89.B2.E5.9B.BE.E7.89.87"></span><b>特色图片</b></h2></div><div style="color:black;opacity:1;border:1px solid #99aaff;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:white;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Brachypelma_klaasi_2009_G01_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Brachypelma_klaasi_2009_G01_cropped.jpg/240px-Brachypelma_klaasi_2009_G01_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Brachypelma_klaasi_2009_G01_cropped.jpg/360px-Brachypelma_klaasi_2009_G01_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Brachypelma_klaasi_2009_G01_cropped.jpg/480px-Brachypelma_klaasi_2009_G01_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3050" data-file-height="2280" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5%E7%B2%89%E7%BA%A2%E7%9F%AD%E5%B0%BE%E8%9B%9B" title="墨西哥粉红短尾蛛">墨西哥粉红短尾蛛</a></b>是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5" title="墨西哥">墨西哥</a>的一种<a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%95%E9%B3%A5%E8%9B%9B%E7%A7%91" title="捕鳥蛛科">捕鸟蛛</a>。墨西哥粉红短尾蛛长度可达16厘米。刚毛呈特殊的锈红色。该物种的学名以收集者彼得·克拉斯的名字命名。<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%AD%E5%B0%BE%E8%9B%9B%E5%B1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="短尾蛛属">短尾蛛属</a>是中美洲的特有种，最著名的有<a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5%E7%B4%85%E8%86%9D%E9%A0%AD%E8%9C%98%E8%9B%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="墨西哥紅膝頭蜘蛛">墨西哥红膝头蜘蛛</a>、洪都拉斯卷毛蜘蛛、墨西哥火脚蜘蛛及墨西哥红尾。它们差不多吃所有比它们小的动物，一般包括昆虫及大家鼠。它们也会吃变色蜥、青蛙及米诺鱼。它们温驯，适合在饲养箱中饲养。图为一只成年雌性墨西哥粉红短尾蛛。 </p> <div class="noprint" style="margin:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; padding:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6/%E7%89%B9%E8%89%B2%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87" title="Portal:生物学/特色图片">更多特色图片…</a></b></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:#000;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #99aaff;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#F5F8E7;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:#000;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3A%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6&action=edit"><span style="color:#000">编辑</span></a> </div><h2 id="分類" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:#000;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em"><span id=".E5.88.86.E9.A1.9E"></span><b>分類</b></h2></div><div style="color:black;opacity:1;border:1px solid #99aaff;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:white;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="Template:生物学"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="Template talk:生物学"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:生物学"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="生物学" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="生物学">生物学</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #90EE90;;width:1%">背景</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2" title="生物学史">生物学史</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="植物学史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of botany"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="植物学史（页面不存在）">植物学史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_botany" class="extiw" title="en:History of botany"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of botany</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E5%89%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2" title="解剖学史">解剖学史</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="动物学史 (1859年之前)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of zoology (through 1859)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2_(1859%E5%B9%B4%E4%B9%8B%E5%89%8D)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="动物学史 (1859年之前)（页面不存在）">动物学史 (1859年之前)</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_zoology_(through_1859)" class="extiw" title="en:History of zoology (through 1859)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of zoology (through 1859)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="动物学史 (1859年之后)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of zoology (since 1859)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2_(1859%E5%B9%B4%E4%B9%8B%E5%90%8E)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="动物学史 (1859年之后)（页面不存在）">动物学史 (1859年之后)</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_zoology_(since_1859)" class="extiw" title="en:History of zoology (since 1859)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of zoology (since 1859)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="植物分类学史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of plant systematics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="植物分类学史（页面不存在）">植物分类学史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_plant_systematics" class="extiw" title="en:History of plant systematics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of plant systematics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="古生物学史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of paleontology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古生物学史（页面不存在）">古生物学史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_paleontology" class="extiw" title="en:History of paleontology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of paleontology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="生态学史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of ecology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E6%80%81%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生态学史（页面不存在）">生态学史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_ecology" class="extiw" title="en:History of ecology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of ecology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="模式生物史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of model organisms"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="模式生物史（页面不存在）">模式生物史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_model_organisms" class="extiw" title="en:History of model organisms"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of model organisms</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="藻类学史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of phycology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%97%BB%E7%B1%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="藻类学史（页面不存在）">藻类学史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_phycology" class="extiw" title="en:History of phycology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of phycology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="遗传学史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of genetics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%97%E4%BC%A0%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="遗传学史（页面不存在）">遗传学史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_genetics" class="extiw" title="en:History of genetics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of genetics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="生物化学的历史">生物化学的历史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%B2" title="分子生物學史">分子生物學史</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="RNA生物学史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of RNA biology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=RNA%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RNA生物学史（页面不存在）">RNA生物学史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_RNA_biology" class="extiw" title="en:History of RNA biology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of RNA biology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="分子演化学史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of molecular evolution"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E6%BC%94%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="分子演化学史（页面不存在）">分子演化学史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_molecular_evolution" class="extiw" title="en:History of molecular evolution"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of molecular evolution</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="免疫学史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Timeline of immunology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="免疫学史（页面不存在）">免疫学史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_immunology" class="extiw" title="en:Timeline of immunology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Timeline of immunology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="生物技术史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of biotechnology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生物技术史（页面不存在）">生物技术史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_biotechnology" class="extiw" title="en:History of biotechnology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of biotechnology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tree_of_life_by_Haeckel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Tree_of_life_by_Haeckel.jpg/140px-Tree_of_life_by_Haeckel.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Tree_of_life_by_Haeckel.jpg/210px-Tree_of_life_by_Haeckel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Tree_of_life_by_Haeckel.jpg/280px-Tree_of_life_by_Haeckel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1804" data-file-height="2856" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #90EE90;;width:1%">主領域</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="生物化学">生物化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="分子生物学">分子生物学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="结构生物学">结构生物学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="糖生物学">糖生物学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B4%A8%E7%BB%84%E5%AD%A6" title="蛋白质组学">蛋白质组学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0%E7%B5%84%E5%AD%B8" title="基因組學">基因組學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%82%E7%B1%BB%E7%BB%84%E5%AD%A6" title="脂类组学">脂类组学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E8%B0%A2%E7%89%A9%E7%BB%84%E5%AD%A6" title="代谢物组学">代谢物组学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="系统生物学">系统生物学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="细胞生物学">细胞生物学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="生理学">生理学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="植物生理學">植物生理學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="生理学">動物生理學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E4%BD%93%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="人体生理学">人体生理学</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%AD%A6" title="生物信息学">生物資訊學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E5%AD%A6" title="免疫学">免疫学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8" title="時間生物學">時間生物學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%94%E5%8C%96%E7%99%BC%E8%82%B2%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8" title="演化發育生物學">演化發育生物學</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%94%E5%8C%96%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="演化生物学">演化生物学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E8%82%B2%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="发育生物学">发育生物学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E9%81%BA%E5%82%B3%E5%AD%B8" title="分子遺傳學">分子遺傳學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%9A%E8%83%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="胚胎学">胚胎学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="古生物学">古生物学</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E5%89%96%E5%AD%A6" title="解剖学">解剖学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%97%E4%BC%A0%E5%AD%A6" title="遗传学">遗传学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E%E9%81%97%E4%BC%A0%E5%AD%A6" title="细胞遗传学">细胞遗传学</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E8%A7%80%E9%81%BA%E5%82%B3%E5%AD%B8" title="表觀遺傳學">表觀遺傳學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="神经科学">神经科学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%E5%AD%A6" title="组织学">组织学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%B5%B1%E8%A8%88%E5%AD%B8" title="生物統計學">生物統計學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="生物分类学">生物分类学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="植物学">植物学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="动物学">动物学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%8F%8C%E5%AD%B8" title="真菌學">真菌學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="微生物学">微生物学</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E5%AD%A6" title="病毒学">病毒学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%84%E7%94%9F%E8%99%AB%E5%AD%A6" title="寄生虫学">寄生虫学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%80%81%E5%AD%A6" title="生态学">生态学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="海洋生物学">海洋生物学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8" title="天體生物學">天體生物學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E7%97%85%E5%AD%A6" title="流行病学">流行病学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #90EE90;;width:1%">跨領域</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E7%90%86%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8" title="數理生物學">數理生物學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="生物物理学">生物物理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="生物力学">生物力学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="量子生物学">量子生物学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8" title="化學生物學">化學生物學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%88%E6%88%90%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="合成生物学">合成生物学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="生物地理学">生物地理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E8%82%B2%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8" title="保育生物學">保育生物學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E6%B8%A9%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="低温生物学">低温生物学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B9%81%E6%AE%96" title="繁殖">繁殖</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="生物繁殖方式" data-lang-code="d" data-lang-name="維基數據" data-foreign-title="Q130077803"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%B9%81%E6%AE%96%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生物繁殖方式（页面不存在）">生物繁殖方式</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">維基數據所列</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130077803" class="extiw" title="d:Q130077803"><span lang="d" dir="auto">Q130077803</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background: #90EE90;"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="Category:生物学">分類</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="主题"><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">主題</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Biology" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Biology">共享资源</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="专题"><img alt="专题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/WikiProject:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8" title="WikiProject:生物學">專題</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div style="clear:both;"></div></div> </div> <div style="float:right; width:100%"> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:#000;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #99aaff;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#F5F8E7;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:#000;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3A%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%2F%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE%E8%AF%B7%E6%B1%82&action=edit"><span style="color:#000">编辑</span></a> </div><h2 id="文章请求" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:#000;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em"><span id=".E6.96.87.E7.AB.A0.E8.AF.B7.E6.B1.82"></span><b>文章请求</b></h2></div><div style="color:black;opacity:1;border:1px solid #99aaff;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:white;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="生物學需要創建的条目" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #90EE90;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E5%89%B5%E5%BB%BA%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Template:生物學需要創建條目"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E5%89%B5%E5%BB%BA%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:生物學需要創建條目（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E5%89%B5%E5%BB%BA%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:生物學需要創建條目"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="生物學需要創建的条目" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">生物學需要創建的条目</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #90EE90;;width:1%">分類學</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">生物分類表內缺少的分類（<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="生物病毒分類表">生物病毒分類表</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E8%8F%8C%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E8%A1%A8" title="古菌分類表">古菌分類表</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%B0%E8%8F%8C%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E8%A1%A8" title="細菌分類表">細菌分類表</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E7%94%9F%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E8%A1%A8" title="原生生物分類表">原生生物分類表</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%8F%8C%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="真菌分類表">真菌分類表</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E8%A1%A8_(NCBI)" title="植物分類表 (NCBI)">植物分類表 (NCBI)</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="動物分類表">動物分類表</a>）</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #90EE90;;width:1%">细胞生物学</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8E%E6%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="后期（页面不存在）">后期</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaphase" class="extiw" title="en:Anaphase">en</a>）、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%9A%E5%A3%81%E8%83%9E%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="厚壁胞子（页面不存在）">厚壁胞子</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akinete" class="extiw" title="en:Akinete">en</a>）</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #90EE90;;width:1%">微生物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%97%BB%E8%86%BD%E9%AB%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="藻膽體（页面不存在）">藻膽體</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phycobilisome" class="extiw" title="en:Phycobilisome">en</a>）、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%86%BD%E8%97%BB%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="膽藻素（页面不存在）">膽藻素</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phycobilin" class="extiw" title="en:Phycobilin">en</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%8C%E7%B4%AB%E8%B3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="菌紫質">菌紫質</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteriorhodopsin" class="extiw" title="en:Bacteriorhodopsin">en</a>）</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #90EE90;;width:1%">植物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="光合反应中心" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Photosynthetic reaction centre"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%89%E5%90%88%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="光合反应中心（页面不存在）">光合反应中心</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthetic_reaction_centre" class="extiw" title="en:Photosynthetic reaction centre"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Photosynthetic reaction centre</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E7%8A%B6%E4%BD%93" title="毛状体">毛狀體</a>或稱<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%97%BB%E7%B5%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="藻絲（页面不存在）">藻絲</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichome" class="extiw" title="en:Trichome">en</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E9%81%97%E4%BC%A0%E5%AD%A6" title="植物遗传学">植物遗传学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%94%E8%97%93%E5%AD%A6" title="苔藓学">苔藓学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%AE%E8%97%8F%E5%99%A8%E5%AE%98" title="贮藏器官">贮藏器官</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E6%9C%89%E6%80%A7%E7%94%9F%E6%AE%96" class="mw-redirect" title="植物有性生殖">植物有性生殖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E8%90%A5%E5%85%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="植物营养学">植物营养学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="植物进化发育生物学 (生物学)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Plant evolutionary developmental biology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E8%BF%9B%E5%8C%96%E5%8F%91%E8%82%B2%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6_(%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="植物进化发育生物学 (生物学)（页面不存在）">植物进化发育生物学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_evolutionary_developmental_biology" class="extiw" title="en:Plant evolutionary developmental biology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Plant evolutionary developmental biology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="植物进化历史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Evolutionary history of plants"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E8%BF%9B%E5%8C%96%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="植物进化历史（页面不存在）">植物进化历史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_history_of_plants" class="extiw" title="en:Evolutionary history of plants"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Evolutionary history of plants</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="植物进化的时间线" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Timeline of plant evolution"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E8%BF%9B%E5%8C%96%E7%9A%84%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E7%BA%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="植物进化的时间线（页面不存在）">时间线</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_plant_evolution" class="extiw" title="en:Timeline of plant evolution"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Timeline of plant evolution</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="植物对食草动物的防御" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Plant defense against herbivory"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%AF%B9%E9%A3%9F%E8%8D%89%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E7%9A%84%E9%98%B2%E5%BE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="植物对食草动物的防御（页面不存在）">植物对食草动物的防御</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_defense_against_herbivory" class="extiw" title="en:Plant defense against herbivory"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Plant defense against herbivory</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="植物命名法规" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Botanical nomenclature"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E6%B3%95%E8%A7%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="植物命名法规（页面不存在）">植物命名法规</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botanical_nomenclature" class="extiw" title="en:Botanical nomenclature"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Botanical nomenclature</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="植物学术语列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Glossary of botanical terms"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%AD%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="植物学术语列表（页面不存在）">植物学术语列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_botanical_terms" class="extiw" title="en:Glossary of botanical terms"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Glossary of botanical terms</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="植物形态学术语列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Glossary of plant morphology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%BD%A2%E6%80%81%E5%AD%A6%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%AD%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="植物形态学术语列表（页面不存在）">植物形态学术语列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_plant_morphology" class="extiw" title="en:Glossary of plant morphology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Glossary of plant morphology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="植物学家列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of botanists"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="植物学家列表（页面不存在）">植物学家列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_botanists" class="extiw" title="en:List of botanists"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of botanists</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #90EE90;;width:1%">生理學</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E8%A1%B0%E6%9C%9F" title="生物半衰期">生物半衰期</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_half-life" class="extiw" title="en:Biological half-life">en</a>）、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8E%E8%B4%9F%E8%8D%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="后负荷（页面不存在）">后负荷</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afterload" class="extiw" title="en:Afterload">en</a>）、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%80%E6%B5%81%E9%87%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="血流量（页面不存在）">血流量</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_flow" class="extiw" title="en:Blood flow">en</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E8%BE%93%E5%87%BA%E9%87%8F" title="心输出量">心输出量</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_output" class="extiw" title="en:Cardiac output">en</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%97%E5%87%BA%E7%89%A9" title="渗出物">渗出物</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exudate" class="extiw" title="en:Exudate">en</a>）、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%82%8C%E7%94%B5%E5%9B%BE%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="肌电图学（页面不存在）">肌电图学</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromyography" class="extiw" title="en:Electromyography">en</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E5%8A%A8%E8%84%89%E7%93%A3" title="主动脉瓣">主动脉瓣</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aortic_valve" class="extiw" title="en:Aortic valve">en</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E5%AE%A4%E7%BA%A4%E9%A2%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="心室纤颤">心室纤颤</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventricular_fibrillation" class="extiw" title="en:Ventricular fibrillation">en</a>，現重定向至<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E6%88%BF%E9%A2%A4%E5%8A%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="心房颤动">心房颤动</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E8%BA%AB%E9%BA%BB%E9%86%89" class="mw-redirect" title="全身麻醉">全身麻醉</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_anaesthesia" class="extiw" title="en:General anaesthesia">en:General anaesthesia</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%BB%E7%97%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="麻痹">麻痹</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paralysis" class="extiw" title="en:Paralysis">en</a>）、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%85%B8%E9%96%89%E5%A1%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="腸閉塞（页面不存在）">腸閉塞</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ileus" class="extiw" title="en:Ileus">en </a>）、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8E%92%E6%B3%84%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="排泄系統（页面不存在）">排泄系統</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excretory_system" class="extiw" title="en:Excretory system">en </a>）</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #90EE90;;width:1%">生物化學與藥物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E7%A1%9D%E5%94%91" title="甲硝唑">甲硝唑</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metronidazole" class="extiw" title="en:Metronidazole">en</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%CE%92%E5%8F%97%E4%BD%93%E9%98%BB%E6%BB%9E%E5%89%82" title="Β受体阻滞剂">β受体阻滞剂</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_blocker" class="extiw" title="en:Beta blocker">en</a>）、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%80%E5%B0%8F%E6%9D%BF%E7%94%9F%E6%88%90%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="血小板生成素（页面不存在）">血小板生成素</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrombopoietin" class="extiw" title="en:Thrombopoietin">en</a>）</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #90EE90;;width:1%">遗传学</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%9E%E6%95%B4%E5%80%8D%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="非整倍性（页面不存在）">非整倍性</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aneuploidy" class="extiw" title="en:Aneuploidy">en</a>）、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AF%B1%E5%8F%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="诱变（页面不存在）">诱变</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutagenesis" class="extiw" title="en:Mutagenesis">en</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%93%E8%89%B2%E4%BD%93%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="染色体异常">染色体异常</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_abnormality" class="extiw" title="en:Chromosome abnormality">en</a>）</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div style="clear:both;"></div></div> <div 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