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text-4xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">intonate</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif text-2xl mobile:text-xl">(v.1)</span></h2></div><section class="-mt-4 -mb-2 lg:-mb-2"><p>"to intone, recite in a singing voice," 1795, from Medieval Latin <i class="foreign notranslate">intonatus</i>, past participle of <i class="foreign notranslate">intonare</i> "sing according to tone" (see <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of intone " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/intone">intone</a>). Compare Italian <i class="foreign notranslate">intonare</i>, French <i class="foreign notranslate">entonner</i>. Related: <i class="foreign notranslate">Intonated</i>; <i class="foreign notranslate">intonating</i>.</p></section><div class=""><p class="text-sm font-sans text-battleship-gray flex items-center mt-0"><a class="inline-flex items-center text-battleship-gray hover:text-primary transition-colors group hover:no-underline" rel="nofollow" aria-label="also from 1795" title="Search for words also from 1795" href="/search?sort=a&q=from%3A1795"><span class="inline-flex items-center font-normal">also from 1795</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="ml-0 w-4 h-4 text-lg transition-transform group-hover:translate-x-0.5" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a></p></div></section></div><div class="space-y-2 pb-2"><section class="prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none"><div><h2 id="#etymonline_v_51502" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-4xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">intonate</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif text-2xl mobile:text-xl">(v.2)</span></h2></div><section class="-mt-4 -mb-2 lg:-mb-2"><p>"to thunder, rumble," 1620s, from past participle stem of Latin <i class="foreign notranslate">intonare</i> "to thunder, thunder forth," from <i class="foreign notranslate">in-</i> (from PIE root <a rel="nofollow" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of *en " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/*en">*en</a> "in") + <i class="foreign notranslate">tonare</i> "to thunder" (see <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of thunder " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/thunder#etymonline_v_13285">thunder</a> (n.)). Related: <i class="foreign notranslate">Intonated</i>; <i class="foreign notranslate">intonating</i>.</p></section><div class="-mb-6 lg:-mb-8"><p class="text-sm font-sans text-battleship-gray flex items-center mt-0"><a class="inline-flex items-center text-battleship-gray hover:text-primary transition-colors group hover:no-underline" rel="nofollow" aria-label="also from 1620s" title="Search for words also from 1620s" href="/search?sort=a&q=from%3A1620s"><span class="inline-flex items-center font-normal">also from 1620s</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="ml-0 w-4 h-4 text-lg transition-transform group-hover:translate-x-0.5" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a></p></div></section></div></div></div></div><div><div class="space-y-4"><div class="space-y-1"><h2 class="font-sans text-xl" lang="en">Entries linking to <em> intonate </em></h2><div class="mb-4"><hr class="shrink-0 border-none w-full h-divider bg-divider" role="separator"/></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of intone" class="w-full group" href="/word/intone"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_12157" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">intone</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif">(v.1)</span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>late 14c., <i class="foreign notranslate">entunen</i> "sing, chant, recite, vocalize," from Old French <i class="foreign notranslate">entoner</i> "to sing, chant" (13c.), from Medieval Latin <i class="foreign notranslate">intonare</i> "sing according to tone," from Latin <i class="foreign notranslate">in-</i> "in" (from PIE root <a rel="nofollow" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of *en " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/*en">*en</a> "in") + <i class="foreign notranslate">tonus</i> "tone," from Greek <i class="foreign notranslate">tonos</i>, from PIE root <a rel="nofollow" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of *ten- " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/*ten-">*ten-</a> "to stretch." Related: <i class="foreign notranslate">Intoned</i>; <i class="foreign notranslate">intoning</i>.</p></section></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of thunder" class="w-full group" href="/word/thunder"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_13285" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">thunder</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif">(n.)</span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>Middle English <i class="foreign notranslate">thonder</i> "sudden or rumbling loud noise which follows a flash of lightning," from Old English <i class="foreign notranslate">þunor</i> "thunder, thunderclap; the god Thor," from Proto-Germanic <i class="foreign notranslate">*thunraz</i> (source also of Old Norse <i class="foreign notranslate">þorr</i>, Old Frisian <i class="foreign notranslate">thuner</i>, Middle Dutch <i class="foreign notranslate">donre</i>, Dutch <i class="foreign notranslate">donder</i>, Old High German <i class="foreign notranslate">donar</i>, German <i class="foreign notranslate">Donner</i> "thunder"), from PIE <i class="foreign notranslate">*(s)tene-</i> "to resound, thunder" (source also of Sanskrit <i class="foreign notranslate">tanayitnuh</i> "thundering," Persian <i class="foreign notranslate">tundar</i> "thunder," Latin <i class="foreign notranslate">tonare</i> "to thunder"). Swedish <i class="foreign notranslate">tordön</i> is literally "Thor's din." Since 18c. explained as due to sudden disturbance of the air caused by a discharge of electricity.</p> <p>The unetymological <i class="foreign notranslate">-d-</i> also is found in Dutch and Icelandic versions of the word (see <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of D " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/D">D</a>). Of any loud, resounding noise or awful or startling threat or denunciation by 1590s. In mild oaths (<i class="foreign notranslate">by thunder</i>) by 1709; as an intensifier (<i class="foreign notranslate">like thunder</i>) by 1826. To <strong><i class="foreign notranslate">steal (one's) thunder</i></strong> "use the ideas, rhetoric, etc. of one's opponent to one's own advantage" is by 1838, from the theatrical anecdote (attested by 1821) of Dennis's ire at seeing his stage-effect thunder used in another's production. <strong><i class="foreign notranslate">Thunder-stick</i></strong>, an imagined word used by primitive peoples for "gun," attested from 1904.</p></section></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of *en" class="w-full group" href="/word/*en"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_52666" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">*en</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>Proto-Indo-European root meaning "in."</p> <p>It might form all or part of: <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of and " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/and">and</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of atoll " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/atoll">atoll</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of dysentery " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/dysentery">dysentery</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of embargo " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/embargo">embargo</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of embarrass " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/embarrass">embarrass</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of embryo " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/embryo">embryo</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of empire " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/empire">empire</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of employ " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/employ">employ</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of en- " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/en-#etymonline_v_8621">en-</a> (1) "in; into;" <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of en- " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/en-#etymonline_v_38168">en-</a> (2) "near, at, in, on, within;" <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of enclave " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/enclave">enclave</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of endo- " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/endo-">endo-</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of enema " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/enema">enema</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of engine " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/engine">engine</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of enoptomancy " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/enoptomancy">enoptomancy</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of enter " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/enter">enter</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of enteric " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/enteric">enteric</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of enteritis " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/enteritis">enteritis</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of entero- " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/entero-">entero-</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of entice " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/entice">entice</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of ento- " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/ento-">ento-</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of entrails " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/entrails">entrails</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of envoy " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/envoy">envoy</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of envy " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/envy">envy</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of episode " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/episode">episode</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of esoteric " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/esoteric">esoteric</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of imbroglio " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/imbroglio">imbroglio</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of immolate " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/immolate">immolate</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of immure " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/immure">immure</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of impede " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/impede">impede</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of impend " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/impend">impend</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of impetus " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/impetus">impetus</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of important " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/important">important</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of impostor " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/impostor">impostor</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of impresario " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/impresario">impresario</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of impromptu " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/impromptu">impromptu</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of in " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/in">in</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of in- " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/in-#etymonline_v_6285">in-</a> (2) "into, in, on, upon;" <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of inchoate " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/inchoate">inchoate</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of incite " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/incite">incite</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of increase " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/increase">increase</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of inculcate " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/inculcate">inculcate</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of incumbent " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/incumbent">incumbent</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of industry " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/industry">industry</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of indigence " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/indigence">indigence</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of inflict " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/inflict">inflict</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of ingenuous " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/ingenuous">ingenuous</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of ingest " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/ingest">ingest</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of inly " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/inly">inly</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of inmost " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/inmost">inmost</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of inn " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/inn">inn</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of innate " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/innate">innate</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of inner " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/inner">inner</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of innuendo " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/innuendo">innuendo</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of inoculate " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/inoculate">inoculate</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of insignia " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/insignia">insignia</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of instant " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/instant">instant</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of intaglio " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/intaglio">intaglio</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of inter- " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/inter-">inter-</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of interim " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/interim">interim</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of interior " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/interior">interior</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of intern " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/intern">intern</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of internal " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/internal">internal</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of intestine " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/intestine">intestine</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of intimate " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/intimate#etymonline_v_12152">intimate</a> (adj.) "closely acquainted, very familiar;" <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of intra- " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/intra-">intra-</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of intricate " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/intricate">intricate</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of intrinsic " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/intrinsic">intrinsic</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of intro- " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/intro-">intro-</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of introduce " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/introduce">introduce</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of introduction " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/introduction">introduction</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of introit " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/introit">introit</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of introspect " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/introspect">introspect</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of invert " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/invert">invert</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of mesentery " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/mesentery">mesentery</a>.</p> <p>It might also be the source of: Sanskrit <i class="foreign notranslate">antara-</i> "interior;" Greek <i class="foreign notranslate">en</i> "in," <i class="foreign notranslate">eis</i> "into," <i class="foreign notranslate">endon</i> "within;" Latin <i class="foreign notranslate">in</i> "in, into," <i class="foreign notranslate">intro</i> "inward," <i class="foreign notranslate">intra</i> "inside, within;" Old Irish <i class="foreign notranslate">in</i>, Welsh <i class="foreign notranslate">yn</i>, Old Church Slavonic <i class="foreign notranslate">on-</i>, Old English <i class="foreign notranslate">in</i> "in, into," <i class="foreign notranslate">inne</i> "within, inside."</p></section></div></div></div><div class="mt-4"><ul class="list-none flex gap-2 flex-wrap"></ul></div></div><div class="space-y-2 w-full"><div class="relative"><span class="text-sm font-sans text-spanish-gray absolute -mt-6">Advertisement</span><div class="relative min-h-[90px] w-full"><div class="relative z-10 min-h-[90px] w-full flex items-center justify-center"><div id="div-gpt-ad-pc_wd_ngram" class="flex adsbygoogle items-center transition-all mt-1 w-full max-h-[250px]"><div class="w-full p-4 rounded-md min-w-[300px] items-center justify-center flex w-full h-full bg-secondary/50"><p class="text-foreground/80 text-center">Want to remove ads? <a class="text-primary hover:underline cursor-pointer" rel="nofollow" href="#">Log in</a> to see fewer ads, and become a <a class="text-primary hover:underline cursor-pointer" rel="nofollow" href="#">Premium Member</a> to remove all ads.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="min-h-unit-7"><div class="space-y-1"><h2 class="font-sans text-xl" lang="en">Trends of <em> intonate </em></h2><div class="mb-4"><hr class="shrink-0 border-none w-full h-divider bg-divider" role="separator"/></div></div><canvas role="img" height="150" width="300"></canvas><div class="text-left text-xs font-sans italic py-2 text-spanish-gray dark:text-davis-gray">adapted from books.google.com/ngrams/ with a 7-year moving average; ngrams are probably unreliable.</div></div><div class="space-y-4"><div class="space-y-1"><h2 class="font-sans text-xl" lang="en">More to explore</h2><div class="mb-4"><hr class="shrink-0 border-none w-full h-divider bg-divider" role="separator"/></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-md rounded-lg shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of chant" class="w-full group" href="/word/chant"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">chant</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><a title="late 14c., "sing," from Old French chanter "to sing, celebrate" (12c.), from Latin cantare "to sing," originally a frequentative of canere "sing" (which it replaced), from PIE root *kan- "to sing." The frequentative quality of the word was no longer felt in Latin, and by the time" class="block" href="/word/chant"><div class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30 line-clamp-2 text-ellipsis" title="Origin and meaning of chant">late 14c., "sing," from Old French chanter "to sing, celebrate" (12c.), from Latin cantare "to sing," originally a frequentative of canere "sing" (which it replaced), from PIE root *kan- "to sing." The frequentative quality of the word was no longer felt in Latin, and by the time</div></a></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-md rounded-lg shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of judge" class="w-full group" href="/word/judge"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">judge</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><a title="c. 1200, iugen, "examine, appraise, make a diagnosis;" c. 1300, "to form an opinion about; inflict penalty upon, punish; try (someone) and pronounce sentence," also intransitive, "make a decision, decide, think, suppose;" from Anglo-French juger, Old French jugier "to judge, pron" class="block" href="/word/judge"><div class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30 line-clamp-2 text-ellipsis" title="Origin and meaning of judge">c. 1200, iugen, "examine, appraise, make a diagnosis;" c. 1300, "to form an opinion about; inflict penalty upon, punish; try (someone) and pronounce sentence," also intransitive, "make a decision, decide, think, suppose;" from Anglo-French juger, Old French jugier "to judge, pron</div></a></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-md rounded-lg shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of sign" class="w-full group" href="/word/sign"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">sign</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><a title="early 13c., signe, "gesture or motion of the hand," especially one meant to express thought or convey an idea, from Old French signe "sign, mark," from Latin signum "identifying mark, token, indication, symbol; proof; military standard, ensign; a signal, an omen; sign in the heav" class="block" href="/word/sign"><div class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30 line-clamp-2 text-ellipsis" title="Origin and meaning of sign">early 13c., signe, "gesture or motion of the hand," especially one meant to express thought or convey an idea, from Old French signe "sign, mark," from Latin signum "identifying mark, token, indication, symbol; proof; military standard, ensign; a signal, an omen; sign in the heav</div></a></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-md rounded-lg shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of sing" class="w-full group" href="/word/sing"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">sing</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><a title="Middle English singen, from Old English singan "to chant, sing," especially in joy or merriment; "celebrate, or tell in song" (class III strong verb; past tense sang, past participle sungen), from Proto-Germanic *sengwan (source also of Old Saxon singan, Old Frisian sionga, Middl" class="block" href="/word/sing"><div class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30 line-clamp-2 text-ellipsis" title="Origin and meaning of sing">Middle English singen, from Old English singan "to chant, sing," especially in joy or merriment; "celebrate, or tell in song" (class III strong verb; past tense sang, past participle sungen), from Proto-Germanic *sengwan (source also of Old Saxon singan, Old Frisian sionga, Middl</div></a></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-md rounded-lg shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of label" class="w-full group" href="/word/label"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">label</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><a title="c. 1300, "narrow band or strip of cloth" (oldest use is as a technical term in heraldry), from Old French label, lambel, labeau "ribbon, fringe worn on clothes" (13c., Modern French lambeau "strip, rag, shred, tatter"). This is perhaps, with a diminutive suffix, from Frankish *la" class="block" href="/word/label"><div class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30 line-clamp-2 text-ellipsis" title="Origin and meaning of label">c. 1300, "narrow band or strip of cloth" (oldest use is as a technical term in heraldry), from Old French label, lambel, labeau "ribbon, fringe worn on clothes" (13c., Modern French lambeau "strip, rag, shred, tatter"). This is perhaps, with a diminutive suffix, from Frankish *la</div></a></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-md rounded-lg shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of pronounce" class="w-full group" href="/word/pronounce"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">pronounce</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><a title="mid-14c., pronouncen, "to declare officially, proclaim, announce;" late 14c., "to speak, utter" (words, a language, etc.), "form or articulate with the organs of speech," from Old French prononcier "declare, speak out, pronounce" (late 13c., Modern French prononcer) and directly " class="block" href="/word/pronounce"><div class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30 line-clamp-2 text-ellipsis" title="Origin and meaning of pronounce">mid-14c., pronouncen, "to declare officially, proclaim, announce;" late 14c., "to speak, utter" (words, a language, etc.), "form or articulate with the organs of speech," from Old French prononcier "declare, speak out, pronounce" (late 13c., Modern French prononcer) and directly </div></a></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-md rounded-lg shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of dream" class="w-full group" href="/word/dream"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">dream</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><a title=""sequence of sensations or images passing through the mind of a sleeping person," mid-13c., probably related to Old Norse draumr, Danish drøm, Swedish dröm, Old Saxon drom "merriment, noise," Old Frisian dram "dream," Dutch droom, Old High German troum, German Traum "dream." Thes" class="block" href="/word/dream"><div class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30 line-clamp-2 text-ellipsis" title="Origin and meaning of dream">"sequence of sensations or images passing through the mind of a sleeping person," mid-13c., probably related to Old Norse draumr, Danish drøm, Swedish dröm, Old Saxon drom "merriment, noise," Old Frisian dram "dream," Dutch droom, Old High German troum, German Traum "dream." Thes</div></a></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-md rounded-lg shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of charge" class="w-full group" href="/word/charge"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">charge</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><a title="early 13c., chargen, "to load, put a burden on or in; fill with something to be retained," from Old French chargier "to load, burden, weigh down," from Late Latin carricare "to load a wagon or cart," from Latin carrus "two-wheeled wagon" (see car). The senses of "entrust," "comma" class="block" href="/word/charge"><div class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30 line-clamp-2 text-ellipsis" title="Origin and meaning of charge">early 13c., chargen, "to load, put a burden on or in; fill with something to be retained," from Old French chargier "to load, burden, weigh down," from Late Latin carricare "to load a wagon or cart," from Latin carrus "two-wheeled wagon" (see car). The senses of "entrust," "comma</div></a></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-md rounded-lg shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of glitch" class="w-full group" href="/word/glitch"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">glitch</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><a title="by 1953, said to have been in use in radio broadcast jargon since early 1940s, American English, possibly from Yiddish glitsh "a slip," from glitshn "to slip," from German glitschen, and related gleiten "to glide" (see glide (v.)). Perhaps directly from German. Apparently it bega" class="block" href="/word/glitch"><div class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30 line-clamp-2 text-ellipsis" title="Origin and meaning of glitch">by 1953, said to have been in use in radio broadcast jargon since early 1940s, American English, possibly from Yiddish glitsh "a slip," from glitshn "to slip," from German glitschen, and related gleiten "to glide" (see glide (v.)). Perhaps directly from German. Apparently it bega</div></a></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-md rounded-lg shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of mature" class="w-full group" href="/word/mature"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">mature</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><a title="c. 1400, maturen, "encourage suppuration;" mid-15c., of plants, "cause to ripen, bring to maturity," from Latin mātūrare "to ripen, bring to maturity," from mātūrus "ripe, timely, early," related to māne "early, of the morning," from PIE *meh-tu- "ripeness." De Vaan writes that "" class="block" href="/word/mature"><div class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30 line-clamp-2 text-ellipsis" title="Origin and meaning of mature">c. 1400, maturen, "encourage suppuration;" mid-15c., of plants, "cause to ripen, bring to maturity," from Latin mātūrare "to ripen, bring to maturity," from mātūrus "ripe, timely, early," related to māne "early, of the morning," from PIE *meh-tu- "ripeness." De Vaan writes that "</div></a></div></div></div><div><div class="w-full space-y-4 pb-4"><div class="space-y-1"><h2 class="font-sans text-xl" lang="en">Share <em>intonate</em></h2><div class="mb-4"><hr class="shrink-0 border-none w-full h-divider bg-divider" role="separator"/></div></div><div class="flex gap-4 items-center"><button class="text-lg bg-secondary font-bold text-battleship-gray/80 px-4 py-2 rounded-full transition-colors hover:text-primary hover:bg-gray-200">‘cite’</button><button class="text-2xl bg-secondary text-battleship-gray/80 cursor-pointer hover:text-[#1877f2] p-2 rounded-full hover:bg-gray-100" rel="nofollow"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 320 512" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M279.14 288l14.22-92.66h-88.91v-60.13c0-25.35 12.42-50.06 52.24-50.06h40.42V6.26S260.43 0 225.36 0c-73.22 0-121.08 44.38-121.08 124.72v70.62H22.89V288h81.39v224h100.17V288z"></path></svg></button><button 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class="relative group" data-copy-hint="Copy HTML Link"><div class="w-full min-h-[80px] p-3 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-md bg-white dark:bg-background/30 text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 text-base leading-relaxed overflow-auto cursor-text"><a href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/intonate">Etymology of intonate by etymonline</a></div><button class="absolute bottom-2 right-2 px-2 py-1 rounded-full transition-colors duration-200 flex items-center gap-2 border text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 active:bg-gray-200 dark:active:bg-gray-600 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700" title="Copy HTML Link"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 448 512" class="w-4 h-4" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M320 448v40c0 13.255-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24V120c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h72v296c0 30.879 25.121 56 56 56h168zm0-344V0H152c-13.255 0-24 10.745-24 24v368c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 24h272c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24V128H344c-13.2 0-24-10.8-24-24zm120.971-31.029L375.029 7.029A24 24 0 0 0 358.059 0H352v96h96v-6.059a24 24 0 0 0-7.029-16.97z"></path></svg><span class="text-sm font-medium font-sans">Copy</span></button></div></div><div class="mb-6 last:mb-0"><div class="font-medium mb-3 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">APA Style:</div><div class="relative group" data-copy-hint="Copy APA Style"><div class="w-full min-h-[80px] p-3 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-md bg-white dark:bg-background/30 text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 text-base leading-relaxed overflow-auto cursor-text">Harper, D. (n.d.). Etymology of intonate. Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved April 1, 2025, from https://www.etymonline.com/word/intonate</div><button class="absolute bottom-2 right-2 px-2 py-1 rounded-full transition-colors duration-200 flex items-center gap-2 border text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 active:bg-gray-200 dark:active:bg-gray-600 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700" title="Copy APA Style"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 448 512" class="w-4 h-4" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M320 448v40c0 13.255-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24V120c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h72v296c0 30.879 25.121 56 56 56h168zm0-344V0H152c-13.255 0-24 10.745-24 24v368c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 24h272c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24V128H344c-13.2 0-24-10.8-24-24zm120.971-31.029L375.029 7.029A24 24 0 0 0 358.059 0H352v96h96v-6.059a24 24 0 0 0-7.029-16.97z"></path></svg><span class="text-sm font-medium font-sans">Copy</span></button></div></div><div class="mb-6 last:mb-0"><div class="font-medium mb-3 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">Chicago Style:</div><div class="relative group" data-copy-hint="Copy Chicago Style"><div class="w-full min-h-[80px] p-3 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-md bg-white dark:bg-background/30 text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 text-base leading-relaxed overflow-auto cursor-text">Harper Douglas, "Etymology of intonate," Online Etymology Dictionary, accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.etymonline.com/word/intonate.</div><button class="absolute bottom-2 right-2 px-2 py-1 rounded-full transition-colors duration-200 flex items-center gap-2 border text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 active:bg-gray-200 dark:active:bg-gray-600 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700" title="Copy Chicago Style"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 448 512" class="w-4 h-4" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M320 448v40c0 13.255-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24V120c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h72v296c0 30.879 25.121 56 56 56h168zm0-344V0H152c-13.255 0-24 10.745-24 24v368c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 24h272c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24V128H344c-13.2 0-24-10.8-24-24zm120.971-31.029L375.029 7.029A24 24 0 0 0 358.059 0H352v96h96v-6.059a24 24 0 0 0-7.029-16.97z"></path></svg><span class="text-sm font-medium font-sans">Copy</span></button></div></div><div class="mb-6 last:mb-0"><div class="font-medium mb-3 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">MLA Style:</div><div class="relative group" data-copy-hint="Copy MLA Style"><div class="w-full min-h-[80px] p-3 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-md bg-white dark:bg-background/30 text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 text-base leading-relaxed overflow-auto cursor-text">Harper, Douglas. "Etymology of intonate." Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com/word/intonate. 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Harper. "Etymology of intonate." 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136.2-40.2 199.3C958 772.3 921 827 874 874c-47 47-101.8 83.9-162.7 109.7-63.1 26.8-130.2 40.3-199.3 40.3z"></path></svg></div></div></div><div class="w-full"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none bg-secondary/20 shadow-none border border-secondary/30 rounded-md min-w-[300px] w-full" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large font-medium font-sans text-davis-gray items-start justify-start hyphens-auto" lang="en"><span>Dictionary entries near <em>intonate</em></span></div><hr class="shrink-0 bg-divider border-none w-full h-divider" role="separator"/><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased"><ul class="list-none list-none grid grid-cols-1"><li><a class="relative tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 text-medium no-underline hover:opacity-80 active:opacity-disabled transition-opacity w-full flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2 group text-battleship-gray font-medium font-serif hyphens-auto" href="/word/into" rel="nofollow" tabindex="0" role="link" title="Origin and meaning of into" lang="en"><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><span class="group-hover:text-primary transition-colors">into</span></span><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="h-4 w-4 group-hover:text-primary transition-colors" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></span></a></li><li><a class="relative tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 text-medium no-underline hover:opacity-80 active:opacity-disabled transition-opacity w-full flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2 group text-battleship-gray font-medium font-serif hyphens-auto" href="/word/intolerability" rel="nofollow" tabindex="0" role="link" title="Origin and meaning of intolerability" lang="en"><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><span class="group-hover:text-primary transition-colors">intolerability</span></span><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="h-4 w-4 group-hover:text-primary transition-colors" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></span></a></li><li><a class="relative tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 text-medium no-underline hover:opacity-80 active:opacity-disabled transition-opacity w-full flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2 group text-battleship-gray font-medium font-serif hyphens-auto" href="/word/intolerable" rel="nofollow" tabindex="0" role="link" title="Origin and meaning of intolerable" lang="en"><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><span class="group-hover:text-primary transition-colors">intolerable</span></span><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="h-4 w-4 group-hover:text-primary transition-colors" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></span></a></li><li><a class="relative tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 text-medium no-underline hover:opacity-80 active:opacity-disabled transition-opacity w-full flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2 group text-battleship-gray font-medium font-serif hyphens-auto" href="/word/intolerance" rel="nofollow" tabindex="0" role="link" title="Origin and meaning of intolerance" lang="en"><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><span class="group-hover:text-primary transition-colors">intolerance</span></span><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="h-4 w-4 group-hover:text-primary transition-colors" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></span></a></li><li><a class="relative tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 text-medium no-underline hover:opacity-80 active:opacity-disabled transition-opacity w-full flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2 group text-battleship-gray font-medium font-serif hyphens-auto" href="/word/intolerant" rel="nofollow" tabindex="0" role="link" title="Origin and meaning of intolerant" lang="en"><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><span class="group-hover:text-primary transition-colors">intolerant</span></span><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="h-4 w-4 group-hover:text-primary transition-colors" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></span></a></li><li><a class="relative tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 text-medium no-underline hover:opacity-80 active:opacity-disabled transition-opacity opacity-disabled cursor-default pointer-events-none w-full flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2 group text-battleship-gray font-medium font-serif hyphens-auto" data-disabled="true" href="/word/intonate" rel="nofollow" role="link" aria-disabled="true" title="Origin and meaning of intonate" lang="en"><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><span class="group-hover:text-primary transition-colors">intonate</span></span></a></li><li><a class="relative tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 text-medium no-underline hover:opacity-80 active:opacity-disabled transition-opacity w-full flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2 group text-battleship-gray font-medium font-serif hyphens-auto" href="/word/intonation" rel="nofollow" tabindex="0" role="link" title="Origin and meaning of intonation" lang="en"><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><span class="group-hover:text-primary transition-colors">intonation</span></span><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="h-4 w-4 group-hover:text-primary transition-colors" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></span></a></li><li><a class="relative tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 text-medium no-underline hover:opacity-80 active:opacity-disabled transition-opacity w-full flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2 group text-battleship-gray font-medium font-serif hyphens-auto" href="/word/intone" rel="nofollow" tabindex="0" role="link" title="Origin and meaning of intone" lang="en"><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><span class="group-hover:text-primary transition-colors">intone</span></span><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="h-4 w-4 group-hover:text-primary transition-colors" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></span></a></li><li><a class="relative tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 text-medium no-underline hover:opacity-80 active:opacity-disabled transition-opacity w-full flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2 group text-battleship-gray font-medium font-serif hyphens-auto" href="/word/intoxicant" rel="nofollow" tabindex="0" role="link" title="Origin and meaning of intoxicant" lang="en"><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><span class="group-hover:text-primary transition-colors">intoxicant</span></span><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="h-4 w-4 group-hover:text-primary transition-colors" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></span></a></li><li><a class="relative tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 text-medium no-underline hover:opacity-80 active:opacity-disabled transition-opacity w-full flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2 group text-battleship-gray font-medium font-serif hyphens-auto" href="/word/intoxicate" rel="nofollow" tabindex="0" role="link" title="Origin and meaning of intoxicate" lang="en"><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><span class="group-hover:text-primary transition-colors">intoxicate</span></span><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="h-4 w-4 group-hover:text-primary transition-colors" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path 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earliest year for which there is a surviving written record of that word (in English, unless otherwise indicated). This should be taken as approximate, especially before about 1700, since a word may have been used in conversation for hundreds of years before it turns up in a manuscript that has had the good fortune to survive the centuries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n \u003cp\u003eThe basic sources of this work are Weekley's \"An Etymological Dictionary of Modern English,\" Klein's \"A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the English Language,\" \"Oxford English Dictionary\" (second edition), \"Barnhart Dictionary of Etymology,\" Holthausen's \"Etymologisches Wörterbuch der Englischen Sprache,\" and Kipfer and Chapman's \"Dictionary of American Slang.\"A full list of print sources used in this compilation can be found \u003ca rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"/columns/post/sources\"\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n \u003cp\u003eSince this dictionary went up, it has benefited from the suggestions of dozens of people I have never met, from around the world. Tremendous thanks and appreciation to all of you. \u003c/p\u003e\n "])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"6:[\"$\",\"html\",null,{\"lang\":\"en-US\",\"suppressHydrationWarning\":true,\"children\":[[\"$\",\"body\",null,{\"className\":\"debug-screens min-h-screen min-w-[320px] font-sans selection:bg-secondary dark:selection:bg-foreground/30 laptop:font-serif desktop:font-serif\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L1b\",null,{\"position\":\"top-center\",\"closeButton\":true,\"richColors\":true,\"expand\":true,\"style\":{\"marginTop\":\"4rem\"}}],[\"$\",\"$L1c\",null,{\"errorComponent\":\"$3\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L1d\",null,{\"locale\":\"en-US\",\"messages\":{\"global\":{\"metaData\":{\"title\":\"Etymonline - Online Etymology Dictionary\"},\"header\":{\"forum\":\"Forum\",\"columns\":\"Columns\",\"apps\":\"Apps\",\"premium\":\"Premium\",\"profile\":\"Profile\",\"login\":\"Log in\",\"logout\":\"Log out\"},\"pagination\":{\"previous\":\"Previous\",\"next\":\"Next\"},\"search\":{\"search\":\"Search\",\"inputTitle\":\"Type a word to search\",\"hint\":\"Search \\\"{word}\\\"\",\"cancel\":\"Cancel\"},\"trending\":{\"title\":\"Trending\"},\"login\":{\"title\":\"Log in to Your Account\",\"continueWithGoogle\":\"Continue with Google\",\"continueWithApple\":\"Continue with Apple\",\"tooManyRequests\":\"Too many requests. 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notranslate\"\u003edonder\u003c/span\u003e, Old High German \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003edonar\u003c/span\u003e, German \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eDonner\u003c/span\u003e \"thunder\"), from PIE \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e*(s)tene-\u003c/span\u003e \"to resound, thunder\" (source also of Sanskrit \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003etanayitnuh\u003c/span\u003e \"thundering,\" Persian \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003etundar\u003c/span\u003e \"thunder,\" Latin \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003etonare\u003c/span\u003e \"to thunder\"). Swedish \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003etordön\u003c/span\u003e is literally \"Thor's din.\" Since 18c. explained as due to sudden disturbance of the air caused by a discharge of electricity.\u003c/p\u003e \n\u003cp\u003eThe unetymological \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-d-\u003c/span\u003e also is found in Dutch and Icelandic versions of the word (see \u003ca href=\"/word/D\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of D \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eD\u003c/a\u003e). Of any loud, resounding noise or awful or startling threat or denunciation by 1590s. In mild oaths (\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eby thunder\u003c/span\u003e) by 1709; as an intensifier (\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003elike thunder\u003c/span\u003e) by 1826. To \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003esteal (one's) thunder\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e \"use the ideas, rhetoric, etc. of one's opponent to one's own advantage\" is by 1838, from the theatrical anecdote (attested by 1821) of Dennis's ire at seeing his stage-effect thunder used in another's production. \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eThunder-stick\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e, an imagined word used by primitive peoples for \"gun,\" attested from 1904.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"2e:T28ed,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003cp\u003eProto-Indo-European root meaning \"in.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt might form all or part of: \u003ca href=\"/word/and\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of and \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eand\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/atoll\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of atoll \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eatoll\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/dysentery\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of dysentery \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003edysentery\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/embargo\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of embargo \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eembargo\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/embarrass\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of embarrass \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eembarrass\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/embryo\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of embryo \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eembryo\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/empire\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of empire \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eempire\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/employ\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of employ \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eemploy\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/en-#etymonline_v_8621\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of en- \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003een-\u003c/a\u003e (1) \"in; into;\" \u003ca href=\"/word/en-#etymonline_v_38168\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of en- \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003een-\u003c/a\u003e (2) \"near, at, in, on, within;\" \u003ca href=\"/word/enclave\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of enclave \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eenclave\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/endo-\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of endo- \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eendo-\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/enema\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of enema \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eenema\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/engine\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of engine \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eengine\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/enoptomancy\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of enoptomancy \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eenoptomancy\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/enter\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of enter \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eenter\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/enteric\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of enteric \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eenteric\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/enteritis\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of enteritis \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eenteritis\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/entero-\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of entero- \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eentero-\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/entice\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of entice \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eentice\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/ento-\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of ento- \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eento-\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/entrails\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of entrails \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eentrails\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/envoy\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of envoy \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eenvoy\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/envy\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of envy \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eenvy\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/episode\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of episode \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eepisode\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/esoteric\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of esoteric \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eesoteric\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/imbroglio\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of imbroglio \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eimbroglio\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/immolate\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of immolate \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eimmolate\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/immure\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of immure \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eimmure\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/impede\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of impede \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eimpede\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/impend\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of impend \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eimpend\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/impetus\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of impetus \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eimpetus\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/important\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of important \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eimportant\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/impostor\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of impostor \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eimpostor\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/impresario\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of impresario \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eimpresario\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/impromptu\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of impromptu \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eimpromptu\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/in\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of in \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003ein\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/in-#etymonline_v_6285\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of in- \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003ein-\u003c/a\u003e (2) \"into, in, on, upon;\" \u003ca href=\"/word/inchoate\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of inchoate \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003einchoate\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/incite\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of incite \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eincite\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/increase\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of increase \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eincrease\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/inculcate\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of inculcate \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003einculcate\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/incumbent\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of incumbent \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eincumbent\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/industry\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of industry \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eindustry\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/indigence\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of indigence \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eindigence\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/inflict\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of inflict \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003einflict\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/ingenuous\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of ingenuous \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eingenuous\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/ingest\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of ingest \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eingest\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/inly\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of inly \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003einly\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/inmost\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of inmost \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003einmost\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/inn\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of inn \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003einn\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/innate\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of innate \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003einnate\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/inner\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of inner \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003einner\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/innuendo\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of innuendo \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003einnuendo\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/inoculate\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of inoculate \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003einoculate\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/insignia\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of insignia \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003einsignia\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/instant\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of instant \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003einstant\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/intaglio\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of intaglio \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eintaglio\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/inter-\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of inter- \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003einter-\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/interim\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of interim \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003einterim\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/interior\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of interior \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003einterior\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/intern\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of intern \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eintern\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/internal\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of internal \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003einternal\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/intestine\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of intestine \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eintestine\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/intimate#etymonline_v_12152\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of intimate \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eintimate\u003c/a\u003e (adj.) \"closely acquainted, very familiar;\" \u003ca href=\"/word/intra-\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of intra- \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eintra-\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/intricate\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of intricate \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eintricate\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/intrinsic\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of intrinsic \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eintrinsic\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/intro-\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of intro- \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eintro-\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/introduce\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of introduce \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eintroduce\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/introduction\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of introduction \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eintroduction\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/introit\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of introit \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eintroit\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/introspect\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of introspect \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eintrospect\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/invert\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of invert \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003einvert\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/mesentery\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of mesentery \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003emesentery\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt might also be the source of: Sanskrit \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eantara-\u003c/span\u003e \"interior;\" Greek \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003een\u003c/span\u003e \"in,\" \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eeis\u003c/span\u003e \"into,\" \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eendon\u003c/span\u003e \"within;\" Latin \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ein\u003c/span\u003e \"in, into,\" \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eintro\u003c/span\u003e \"inward,\" \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eintra\u003c/span\u003e \"inside, within;\" Old Irish \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ein\u003c/span\u003e, Welsh \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eyn\u003c/span\u003e, Old Church Slavonic \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eon-\u003c/span\u003e, Old English \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ein\u003c/span\u003e \"in, into,\" \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003einne\u003c/span\u003e \"within, inside.\"\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"e:[[\"$\",\"script\",null,{\"type\":\"application/ld+json\",\"dangerouslySetInnerHTML\":{\"__html\":\"$29\"}}],[\"$\",\"section\",null,{\"className\":\"flex flex-col lg:flex-row gap-12 justify-center\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"w-full lg:w-[728px] items-start\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"mt-0\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L2a\",null,{\"slot\":\"pc_wd_top\",\"className\":\"h-[90px] w-[728px]\",\"isMobile\":false,\"wrapperConfigs\":{\"base\":{\"type\":\"main\",\"closeType\":\"none\",\"labelType\":\"none\"},\"lg\":{\"type\":\"normal\",\"closeType\":\"remove\",\"labelType\":\"none\"}}}]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"mt-4 space-y-12 mobile:space-y-8 w-full\",\"children\":[\"$undefined\",[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"space-y-4\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"space-y-2\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"h1\",null,{\"className\":\"font-sans text-2xl\",\"lang\":\"en\",\"children\":[\"Origin and history of \",[\"$\",\"em\",\"word0\",{\"children\":[\" \",\"intonate\",\" \"]}]]}],[\"$\",\"hr\",null,{\"ref\":\"$undefined\",\"className\":\"shrink-0 border-none w-full h-divider bg-divider\",\"role\":\"separator\",\"data-orientation\":\"$undefined\"}]]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"bg-white mobile:bg-transparent dark:bg-secondary dark:mobile:bg-transparent rounded-lg lg:shadow-sm pl-6 pr-6 pt-2 pb-6 mobile:p-0\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L2b\",null,{\"vocabularies\":[{\"doc_id\":\"f2434fc79708299558694ed0f21c6d84_ev\",\"domain_id\":35074,\"word\":\"intonate\",\"toxicity\":3,\"type\":0,\"thumbnail\":false,\"property\":\"(v.1)\",\"etymology\":\"\u003cp\u003e\\\"to intone, recite in a singing voice,\\\" 1795, from Medieval Latin \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eintonatus\u003c/span\u003e, past participle of \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eintonare\u003c/span\u003e \\\"sing according to tone\\\" (see \u003ca href=\\\"/word/intone\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of intone \\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003eintone\u003c/a\u003e). Compare Italian \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eintonare\u003c/span\u003e, French \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eentonner\u003c/span\u003e. Related: \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eIntonated\u003c/span\u003e; \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eintonating\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"etymology_plain\":\"\\\"to intone, recite in a singing voice,\\\" 1795, from Medieval Latin intonatus, past participle of intonare \\\"sing according to tone\\\" (see intone). Compare Italian intonare, French entonner. Related: Intonated; intonating.\",\"first_recorded\":\"1795\",\"content_length\":218,\"modify_time\":1506600687000},{\"doc_id\":\"d3fba76bffd023a10408202caaddcdb2_ev\",\"domain_id\":51502,\"word\":\"intonate\",\"toxicity\":3,\"type\":0,\"thumbnail\":false,\"property\":\"(v.2)\",\"etymology\":\"\u003cp\u003e\\\"to thunder, rumble,\\\" 1620s, from past participle stem of Latin \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eintonare\u003c/span\u003e \\\"to thunder, thunder forth,\\\" from \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003ein-\u003c/span\u003e (from PIE root \u003ca href=\\\"/word/*en\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of *en \\\"rel=\\\"nofollow\\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003e*en\u003c/a\u003e \\\"in\\\") + \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003etonare\u003c/span\u003e \\\"to thunder\\\" (see \u003ca href=\\\"/word/thunder#etymonline_v_13285\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of thunder \\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003ethunder\u003c/a\u003e (n.)). Related: \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eIntonated\u003c/span\u003e; \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eintonating\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"etymology_plain\":\"\\\"to thunder, rumble,\\\" 1620s, from past participle stem of Latin intonare \\\"to thunder, thunder forth,\\\" from in- (from PIE root *en \\\"in\\\") + tonare \\\"to thunder\\\" (see thunder (n.)). Related: Intonated; intonating.\",\"first_recorded\":\"1620s\",\"content_length\":209,\"modify_time\":1506600985000}],\"showLabel\":false,\"isMobile\":false,\"insertAds\":true,\"showTranslate\":true}]}]]}],false,[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"space-y-4\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"space-y-1\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"h2\",null,{\"className\":\"font-sans text-xl\",\"lang\":\"en\",\"children\":[\"Entries linking to \",[\"$\",\"em\",\"word0\",{\"children\":[\" \",\"intonate\",\" \"]}]]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"mb-4\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"hr\",null,{\"ref\":\"$undefined\",\"className\":\"shrink-0 border-none w-full h-divider bg-divider\",\"role\":\"separator\",\"data-orientation\":\"$undefined\"}]}]]}],[[\"$\",\"$1\",\"intone\",{\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L2c\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_12157\",\"domain_id\":\"12157\",\"word\":\"intone\",\"canonical_word\":\"intone\",\"type\":0,\"property\":\"(v.1)\",\"etymology\":\"\u003cp\u003elate 14c., \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eentunen\u003c/span\u003e \\\"sing, chant, recite, vocalize,\\\" from Old French \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eentoner\u003c/span\u003e \\\"to sing, chant\\\" (13c.), from Medieval Latin \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eintonare\u003c/span\u003e \\\"sing according to tone,\\\" from Latin \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003ein-\u003c/span\u003e \\\"in\\\" (from PIE root \u003ca href=\\\"/word/*en\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of *en \\\"rel=\\\"nofollow\\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003e*en\u003c/a\u003e \\\"in\\\") + \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003etonus\u003c/span\u003e \\\"tone,\\\" from Greek \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003etonos\u003c/span\u003e, from PIE root \u003ca href=\\\"/word/*ten-\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of *ten- \\\"rel=\\\"nofollow\\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003e*ten-\u003c/a\u003e \\\"to stretch.\\\" Related: \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eIntoned\u003c/span\u003e; \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign 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