CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-disabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Neofunctionalism: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-disabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy" ,"wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"f0a110bb-db35-4eaf-8f08-4ef6651469a4","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Neofunctionalism","wgTitle":"Neofunctionalism","wgCurRevisionId":1243998617,"wgRevisionId":811322988,"wgArticleId":634691,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 errors: invalid parameter value","CS1 maint: postscript","CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI","International relations terminology","International relations theory"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Neofunctionalism","wgRelevantArticleId":634691,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia", "wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"extRevisionSliderTimeOffset":0,"wgDiffOldId":799245730,"wgDiffNewId":811322988,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1977515","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled": false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.visualEditor.diffPage.init.styles":"ready","oojs-ui.styles.icons-accessibility":"ready","oojs-ui.styles.icons-editing-advanced":"ready","oojs-ui-core.styles":"ready","oojs-ui.styles.indicators":"ready","mediawiki.widgets.styles":"ready","oojs-ui-core.icons":"ready","ext.RevisionSlider.lazyCss":"ready","mediawiki.interface.helpers.styles":"ready","mediawiki.diff.styles":"ready","ext.categoryTree.styles":"ready","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.helplink":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage": "ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.visualEditor.diffPage.init","ext.RevisionSlider.lazyJs","mediawiki.diff","ext.categoryTree","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.RevisionSlider.lazyCss%7Cext.categoryTree.styles%7Cext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.visualEditor.diffPage.init.styles%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.diff.styles%7Cmediawiki.helplink%7Cmediawiki.interface.helpers.styles%7Cmediawiki.widgets.styles%7Coojs-ui-core.icons%2Cstyles%7Coojs-ui.styles.icons-accessibility%2Cicons-editing-advanced%2Cindicators%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow,max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Neofunctionalism: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neofunctionalism"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neofunctionalism"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="mw-article-diff skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Neofunctionalism rootpage-Neofunctionalism skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Neofunctionalism&returntoquery=diff%3Dprev%26oldid%3D811322988" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Neofunctionalism&returntoquery=diff%3Dprev%26oldid%3D811322988" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Neofunctionalism&returntoquery=diff%3Dprev%26oldid%3D811322988" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Neofunctionalism&returntoquery=diff%3Dprev%26oldid%3D811322988" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Intergovernmentalism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intergovernmentalism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Intergovernmentalism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intergovernmentalism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Neofunctionalism: Difference between revisions</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 8 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-8" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">8 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neofunktionalisme" title="Neofunktionalisme – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Neofunktionalisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neofunktionalismus" title="Neofunktionalismus – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Neofunktionalismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neofuncionalismo" title="Neofuncionalismo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Neofuncionalismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A9o-fonctionnalisme" title="Néo-fonctionnalisme – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Néo-fonctionnalisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neofungsionalisme" title="Neofungsionalisme – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Neofungsionalisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%A9%9F%E8%83%BD%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="新機能主義 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="新機能主義" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neofunkcjonalizm_(politologia)" title="Neofunkcjonalizm (politologia) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Neofunkcjonalizm (politologia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neofunktionalism" title="Neofunktionalism – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Neofunktionalism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1977515#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Neofunctionalism" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Neofunctionalism" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Neofunctionalism"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&action=edit&oldid=811322988" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Neofunctionalism"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&action=edit&oldid=811322988" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Neofunctionalism" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Neofunctionalism" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&oldid=811322988" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Neofunctionalism&id=811322988&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DNeofunctionalism%26diff%3Dprev%26oldid%3D811322988"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DNeofunctionalism%26diff%3Dprev%26oldid%3D811322988"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=render_article&arttitle=Neofunctionalism&returnto=Neofunctionalism&oldid=811322988&writer=rl" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1977515" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-mw-helplink" class="mw-indicator"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Diff" target="_blank" class="mw-helplink"><span class="mw-helplink-icon"></span>Help</a></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-revslider-container"><span style='width: 100%; text-align: center;' id='ooui-php-1' class='mw-revslider-toggle-button oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-indicatorElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ButtonWidget","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"indicator":"down","label":"Browse history interactively","title":"Open revision slider","classes":["mw-revslider-toggle-button"]}'><a role='button' title='Open revision slider' tabindex='0' rel='nofollow' class='oo-ui-buttonElement-button'><span class='oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-iconElement-noIcon'></span><span class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'>Browse history interactively</span><span class='oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicator-down'></span></a></span><div class="mw-revslider-slider-wrapper" style="display: none;"><div class="mw-revslider-placeholder"><div class="mw-revslider-spinner"><div class="mw-revslider-bounce"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mw-diff-revision-history-links"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&diff=prev&oldid=799245730" class="mw-diff-revision-history-link-previous" title="Neofunctionalism">← Previous edit</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&diff=next&oldid=811322988" class="mw-diff-revision-history-link-next" title="Neofunctionalism">Next edit →</a></div><div class="mw-diff-table-prefix" dir="ltr" lang="en"><div class="mw-diff-inline-legend oo-ui-element-hidden"><span class="mw-diff-inline-legend-del">Content deleted</span> <span class="mw-diff-inline-legend-ins">Content added</span></div><div class="ve-init-mw-diffPage-diffMode"><span class='oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonGroupWidget'><span aria-disabled='true' class='oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-disabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-framed oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget'><a role='button' tabindex='-1' aria-disabled='true' rel='nofollow' class='oo-ui-buttonElement-button'><span class='oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-eye oo-ui-image-invert'></span><span class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'>Visual</span><span class='oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator oo-ui-image-invert'></span></a></span><span class='oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-framed oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget oo-ui-buttonElement-active'><a role='button' tabindex='0' rel='nofollow' class='oo-ui-buttonElement-button'><span class='oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-wikiText oo-ui-image-invert'></span><span class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'>Wikitext</span><span class='oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator oo-ui-image-invert'></span></a></span></span></div><div class="mw-diffPage-inlineToggle-container"><div id='mw-diffPage-inline-toggle-switch-layout' class='oo-ui-layout oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-fieldLayout oo-ui-fieldLayout-align-left' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.FieldLayout","fieldWidget":{"tag":"mw-diffPage-inline-toggle-switch"},"$overlay":true,"label":"Inline","title":"Switches between inline format and two-column format"}'><div class='oo-ui-fieldLayout-body'><span class='oo-ui-fieldLayout-header'><label title='Switches between inline format and two-column format' id='ooui-php-2' class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'>Inline</label></span><div class='oo-ui-fieldLayout-field'><div id='mw-diffPage-inline-toggle-switch' title='Switches between inline format and two-column format' aria-checked='false' tabindex='0' role='switch' aria-labelledby='ooui-php-2' class='oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-toggleWidget oo-ui-toggleWidget-off oo-ui-toggleSwitchWidget' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ToggleSwitchWidget","href":"\/w\/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&diff=prev&oldid=811322988&diff-type=inline","value":false,"title":"Switches between inline format and two-column format"}'><span class='oo-ui-toggleSwitchWidget-glow'></span><a href='/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&diff=prev&oldid=811322988&diff-type=inline'><span class='oo-ui-toggleSwitchWidget-grip'></span></a></div></div></div></div></div></div><table class="diff diff-type-table diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" class="diff-otitle diff-side-deleted"><div id="mw-diff-otitle1"><strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&oldid=799245730" title="Neofunctionalism">Revision as of 15:09, 6 September 2017</a> <span class="mw-diff-edit"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&action=edit&oldid=799245730" title="Neofunctionalism">edit</a></span><span class="mw-diff-timestamp" data-timestamp="2017-09-06T15:09:27Z"></span></strong></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle2"><a href="/wiki/User:KolbertBot" class="mw-userlink" title="User:KolbertBot" data-mw-revid="799245730"><bdi>KolbertBot</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:KolbertBot" class="mw-redirect mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:KolbertBot">talk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/KolbertBot" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Special:Contributions/KolbertBot">contribs</a>)</span><div class="mw-diff-usermetadata"><div class="mw-diff-userroles"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bots" title="Wikipedia:Bots">Bots</a></div><div class="mw-diff-usereditcount"><span>1,166,042</span> edits</div></div></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle3"><abbr class="minoredit" title="This is a minor edit">m</abbr> <span class="comment comment--without-parentheses">Bot: <a href="/wiki/User:KolbertBot" title="User:KolbertBot">HTTP→HTTPS</a></span></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle5"></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle4"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&diff=prev&oldid=799245730" title="Neofunctionalism" id="differences-prevlink">← Previous edit</a></div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-ntitle diff-side-added"><div id="mw-diff-ntitle1"><strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&oldid=811322988" title="Neofunctionalism">Revision as of 22:07, 20 November 2017</a> <span class="mw-diff-edit"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&action=edit&oldid=811322988" title="Neofunctionalism">edit</a></span><span class="mw-diff-timestamp" data-timestamp="2017-11-20T22:07:36Z"></span> <span class="mw-diff-undo"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&action=edit&undoafter=799245730&undo=811322988" title=""Undo" reverts this edit and opens the edit form in preview mode. It allows adding a reason in the summary.">undo</a></span></strong></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle2"><a href="/wiki/User:Tom.Reding" class="mw-userlink" title="User:Tom.Reding" data-mw-revid="811322988"><bdi>Tom.Reding</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Tom.Reding" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:Tom.Reding">talk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/Tom.Reding" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Special:Contributions/Tom.Reding">contribs</a>)</span><div class="mw-diff-usermetadata"><div class="mw-diff-userroles"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Autopatrolled" title="Wikipedia:Autopatrolled">Autopatrolled</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Extended_confirmed_editors" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Extended confirmed editors">Extended confirmed users</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_mover" title="Wikipedia:Page mover">Page movers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_editor" title="Wikipedia:Template editor">Template editors</a></div><div class="mw-diff-usereditcount"><span>3,520,867</span> edits</div></div></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle3"><abbr class="minoredit" title="This is a minor edit">m</abbr> <span class="comment comment--without-parentheses"><span class="autocomment"><a href="#Intergovernmentalism">→<bdi dir="ltr">Intergovernmentalism</bdi></a>: </span>Rep <a href="/wiki/Typographic_ligature" class="mw-redirect" title="Typographic ligature">typographic ligature</a> "ﬁ" with plain text; possible ref cleanup; <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:GenFixes" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:GenFixes">WP:GenFixes</a> on, replaced: ﬁ → fi using <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:AWB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:AWB">AWB</a></span></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle5"></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle4"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&diff=next&oldid=811322988" title="Neofunctionalism" id="differences-nextlink">Next edit →</a></div></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 29:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 29:</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>Neofunctionalists have criticized intergovernmentalism on theoretical grounds as well as on the basis of empirical evidence, which they claim demonstrates that intergovernmentalism is incapable of explaining the dynamics and trajectory of European integration.<ref name="Neo" /> Today, approaches with affinities to neofunctionalism dominate the study of European integration, and especially regarding the [[European Union law|European Union's legal system]], while research on intergovernmentalism is sparse.<ref>{{Cite journal |last = Stone Sweet | first = Alec |author-link=Alec Stone Sweet | title = The European Court of Justice and the judicialization of EU governance | journal = Living Reviews in EU Governance | volume = 5 | publisher = [[Living Reviews]] | doi = 10.12942/lreg-2010-2 | date = 2010 | url = https://dx.doi.org/10.12942/lreg-2010-2 | ref = harv | postscript = .}} [http://europeangovernance-livingreviews.org/Articles/lreg-2010-2/download/lreg-2010-2Color.pdf Colour pdf.]</ref></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>Neofunctionalists have criticized intergovernmentalism on theoretical grounds as well as on the basis of empirical evidence, which they claim demonstrates that intergovernmentalism is incapable of explaining the dynamics and trajectory of European integration.<ref name="Neo" /> Today, approaches with affinities to neofunctionalism dominate the study of European integration, and especially regarding the [[European Union law|European Union's legal system]], while research on intergovernmentalism is sparse.<ref>{{Cite journal |last = Stone Sweet | first = Alec |author-link=Alec Stone Sweet | title = The European Court of Justice and the judicialization of EU governance | journal = Living Reviews in EU Governance | volume = 5 | publisher = [[Living Reviews]] | doi = 10.12942/lreg-2010-2 | date = 2010 | url = https://dx.doi.org/10.12942/lreg-2010-2 | ref = harv | postscript = .}} [http://europeangovernance-livingreviews.org/Articles/lreg-2010-2/download/lreg-2010-2Color.pdf Colour pdf.]</ref></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>In the last decades Haas' theory has been revived by several authors, who describe the neofunctionalist theoretical legacy left by him as able to speak directly to current EU studies and comparative regionalism, if it is seen as a dynamic theory that corresponds to established social <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">scientiﬁc</del> norms with disciplinary openness.<ref name=rosamond/><ref name=borzel>{{cite book|editor1-last=Börzel|editor1-first=Tanja A.|title=The Disparity of European Integration: Revisiting Neofunctionalism in Honour of Ernst B. Haas|date=2006| publisher = Routledge|series=[[Journal of European Public Policy|Journal of European Public Policy Special Issues Series]]|location = Abingdon, UK New York|isbn= 9780415374903}}</ref></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>In the last decades Haas' theory has been revived by several authors, who describe the neofunctionalist theoretical legacy left by him as able to speak directly to current EU studies and comparative regionalism, if it is seen as a dynamic theory that corresponds to established social <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">scientific</ins> norms with disciplinary openness.<ref name=rosamond/><ref name=borzel>{{cite book|editor1-last=Börzel|editor1-first=Tanja A.|title=The Disparity of European Integration: Revisiting Neofunctionalism in Honour of Ernst B. Haas|date=2006| publisher = Routledge|series=[[Journal of European Public Policy|Journal of European Public Policy Special Issues Series]]|location = Abingdon, UK New York|isbn= 9780415374903}}</ref></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>==Sources==</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>==Sources==</div></td> </tr> </table><hr class='diff-hr' id='mw-oldid' /> <h2 class='diff-currentversion-title'>Revision as of 22:07, 20 November 2017</h2> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the similar term used in sociology, see <a href="/wiki/Neofunctionalism_(sociology)" title="Neofunctionalism (sociology)">Neofunctionalism (sociology)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Functionalism_in_international_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Functionalism in international relations">Functionalism in international relations</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="font-size:125%;"><a href="/wiki/International_relations_theory" title="International relations theory">International relations theory</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Constructivism_(international_relations)" title="Constructivism (international relations)">Constructivism</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_constructivism" title="Feminist constructivism">Feminist constructivism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_(international_relations)" title="Liberalism (international relations)">Liberalism</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Idealism_in_international_relations" title="Idealism in international relations">Idealism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_peace_theory" title="Democratic peace theory">Democratic peace theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitalist_peace" title="Capitalist peace">Capitalist peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_liberalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican liberalism">Republican liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_institutionalism" title="Liberal institutionalism">Liberal institutionalism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Marxist_international_relations_theory" title="Marxist international relations theory">Marxism</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dependency_theory" title="Dependency theory">Dependency theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theories_of_imperialism" title="Theories of imperialism">Theories of imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uneven_and_combined_development" title="Uneven and combined development">Uneven and combined development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World-systems_theory" title="World-systems theory">World-systems theory</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Realism_(international_relations)" title="Realism (international relations)">Realism</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classical_realism_(international_relations)" title="Classical realism (international relations)">Classical realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_realism" title="Neoclassical realism">Neoclassical realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neorealism_(international_relations)" title="Neorealism (international relations)">Neorealism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offensive_realism" title="Offensive realism">Offensive realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defensive_realism" title="Defensive realism">Defensive realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_peace_theory" title="Territorial peace theory">Territorial peace theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_peace_theory" title="Democratic peace theory">Democratic peace theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realpolitik" title="Realpolitik">Realpolitik</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;color: var(--color-base)">Other theories</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Gramscianism" title="Neo-Gramscianism">Neo-Gramscianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critical_security_studies" title="Critical security studies">Critical security studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critical_international_relations_theory" title="Critical international relations theory">Critical theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_school_of_international_relations_theory" title="English school of international relations theory">English School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intergovernmentalism" title="Intergovernmentalism">Intergovernmentalism</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liberal_intergovernmentalism" title="Liberal intergovernmentalism">liberal intergovernmentalism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_political_economy" title="International political economy">International political economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminism_in_international_relations" title="Feminism in international relations">Feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_theory" title="Green theory">Green theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hegemonic_stability_theory" title="Hegemonic stability theory">Hegemonic stability theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copenhagen_School_(international_relations)" title="Copenhagen School (international relations)">Copenhagen School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Functionalism_(international_relations)" title="Functionalism (international relations)">Functionalism</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">neofunctionalism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmodernism_(international_relations)" class="mw-redirect" title="Postmodernism (international relations)">Postmodernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postcolonial_international_relations" title="Postcolonial international relations">Postcolonialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercommunalism" title="Intercommunalism">Intercommunalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_school_of_international_relations" title="Chinese school of international relations">Chinese school of international relations</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;color: var(--color-base)">Classifications</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Postpositivism_(international_relations)" title="Postpositivism (international relations)">Postpositivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rationalism_(international_relations)" title="Rationalism (international relations)">Rationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reflectivism" title="Reflectivism">Reflectivism</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Great_Debates_(international_relations)" title="Great Debates (international relations)">Great Debates</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-paradigm_debate_in_international_relations_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Inter-paradigm debate in international relations theory">Inter-paradigm debate</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;color: var(--color-base)">Other approaches</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_ethics" title="International ethics">International ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_sociology" title="Historical sociology">Historical sociology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regime_theory" title="Regime theory">Regime theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_cartel_theory" title="State cartel theory">State cartel theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geopolitics" title="Geopolitics">Geopolitics</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;color: var(--color-base)">Scholars</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_N._Barnett" title="Michael N. Barnett">Michael Barnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zbigniew_Brzezinski" title="Zbigniew Brzezinski">Zbigniew Brzezinski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedley_Bull" title="Hedley Bull">Hedley Bull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._H._Carr" title="E. H. Carr">E. H. Carr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Deudney" title="Daniel Deudney">Daniel Deudney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_W._Doyle" title="Michael W. Doyle">Michael W. Doyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Enloe" title="Cynthia Enloe">Cynthia Enloe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Fearon" title="James Fearon">James Fearon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Finnemore" title="Martha Finnemore">Martha Finnemore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gilpin" title="Robert Gilpin">Robert Gilpin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington">Samuel P. Huntington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ikenberry" title="John Ikenberry">John Ikenberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Jervis" title="Robert Jervis">Robert Jervis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_J._Katzenstein" title="Peter J. Katzenstein">Peter J. Katzenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Keohane" title="Robert Keohane">Robert Keohane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_D._Krasner" title="Stephen D. Krasner">Stephen D. Krasner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Mearsheimer" title="John Mearsheimer">John Mearsheimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Morgenthau" title="Hans Morgenthau">Hans Morgenthau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Nye" title="Joseph Nye">Joseph Nye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Sikkink" title="Kathryn Sikkink">Kathryn Sikkink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Strange" title="Susan Strange">Susan Strange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Ann_Tickner" title="J. Ann Tickner">J. Ann Tickner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Wallerstein" title="Immanuel Wallerstein">Immanuel Wallerstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Walt" title="Stephen Walt">Stephen Walt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Waltz" title="Kenneth Waltz">Kenneth Waltz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Wendt" title="Alexander Wendt">Alexander Wendt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yan_Xuetong" title="Yan Xuetong">Yan Xuetong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qin_Yaqing" title="Qin Yaqing">Qin Yaqing</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;color: var(--color-base)">Categories</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="div-col"> <div class="CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":0,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":false,"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="International_relations" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:International_relations" title="Category:International relations">International relations</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/24px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/32px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:International_relations_theory" title="Template:International relations theory"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:International_relations_theory" title="Template talk:International relations theory"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:International_relations_theory" title="Special:EditPage/Template:International relations theory"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Neofunctionalism</b> is a theory of <a href="/wiki/Regional_integration" title="Regional integration">regional integration</a>, building on the work of <a href="/wiki/Ernst_B._Haas" title="Ernst B. Haas">Ernst B. Haas</a>, a German-born American political scientist, and also <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leon_Lindberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leon Lindberg (page does not exist)">Leon Lindberg</a>, an American political scientist. The explicit purpose of the neofunctionalists was to utilize the pioneering European experience of integration to generate hypotheses for testing in other contexts.<sup id="cite_ref-rosamond_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rosamond-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 243">: 243 </span></sup> <a href="/wiki/Jean_Monnet" title="Jean Monnet">Jean Monnet</a>'s approach to <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">European</a> <a href="/wiki/European_integration" title="European integration">integration</a>, which aimed at integrating individual sectors in hopes of achieving <a href="/wiki/Spillover_effect" class="mw-redirect" title="Spillover effect">spillover effects</a> to further the process of integration, is said to have followed the neofunctional school's tack. Haas later declared the theory of neofunctionalism obsolete, a statement he revoked in his final book,<sup id="cite_ref-Uniting_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Uniting-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after the process of European integration started stalling in the 1960s, when <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a>'s "empty chair" politics paralyzed the institutions of the <a href="/wiki/European_Coal_and_Steel_Community" title="European Coal and Steel Community">European Coal and Steel Community</a>, <a href="/wiki/European_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="European Community">European Economic Community</a>, and <a href="/wiki/European_Atomic_Energy_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="European Atomic Energy Community">European Atomic Energy Community</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The theory was updated and further specified namely by Wayne Sandholtz, <a href="/wiki/Alec_Stone_Sweet" title="Alec Stone Sweet">Alec Stone Sweet</a>, and their collaborators in the 1990s and in the 2000s (references below). The main contributions of these authors was an employment of empiricism. </p><p>Neofunctionalism describes and explains the process of regional integration with reference to how three causal factors interact:<sup id="cite_ref-supra_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-supra-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-haas1961_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-haas1961-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Growing <a href="/wiki/Economic_interdependence" title="Economic interdependence">economic interdependence</a> between nations</li> <li>Organizational capacity to resolve disputes and build international legal regimes</li> <li>Supranational market rules that replace national regulatory regimes</li></ul> <p>Early neofunctionalist theory assumed a decline in importance of <a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">nationalism</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Nation-state" class="mw-redirect" title="Nation-state">nation-state</a>; it predicted that, gradually, elected officials, interest groups, and large commercial interests within states would see it in their interests to pursue welfarist objectives best satisfied by the political and market integration at a higher, supranational level. Haas theorized three mechanisms that he thought would drive the integration forward: positive spillover, the transfer of domestic allegiances and technocratic automaticity.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><b>Positive <a href="/wiki/Spillover_effect" class="mw-redirect" title="Spillover effect">spillover effect</a></b> is the notion that integration between states in one economic sector will create strong incentives for integration in further sectors, in order to fully capture the perks of integration in the sector in which it started.</li> <li><b>Increased number of transactions</b> and intensity of negotiations then takes place hand in hand with increasing regional integration. This leads to a creation of institutions that work without reference to "local" governments.</li> <li>The mechanism of a <b>transfer in domestic allegiances</b> can be best understood by first noting that an important assumption within neofunctionalist thinking is of a pluralistic society within the relevant nation states. Neofunctionalists claim that as the process of integration gathers pace, interest groups and associations will transfer their allegiances away from national institutions towards the supranational European institutions. They will do this because they will, in theory, come to realise that these newly formed institutions are a better conduit through which to pursue their material interests.</li> <li>Greater <b>regulatory complexity</b> is then needed and other institutions on regional level are usually called for. This causes integration to be transferred to higher levels of decision-making processes.</li> <li><b>Technocratic automaticity</b> described the way in which, as integration proceeds, the supranational institutions set up to oversee that integration process will themselves take the lead in sponsoring further integration as they become more powerful and more autonomous of the member states. In the Haas-Schmitter model, size of unit, rate of transactions, pluralism, and elite complementarity are the background conditions on which the process of integration depends.</li> <li>Just as Rosamond put it, political integration will then become an "inevitable" side effect of integration in economic sectors.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Neofunctionalism was modified and updated in two important books that helped to revive the study of European integration: <i>European Integration and Supranational Governance</i> (1998),<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>The Institutionalization of Europe</i> (2001).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wayne Sandholtz and <a href="/wiki/Alec_Stone_Sweet" title="Alec Stone Sweet">Alec Stone Sweet</a> describe and assess the evolution of Neofunctionalist theory and empirical research in their 2009 paper, <i>Neo-functionalism and Supranational Governance</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Neo_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neo-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Intergovernmentalism">Intergovernmentalism</h2></div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Intergovernmentalism" title="Intergovernmentalism">Intergovernmentalism</a></b> is an alternative theory of political integration, where power in international organizations is possessed by the member-states and decisions are made unanimously. Independent appointees of the governments or elected representatives have solely advisory or implementational functions. Intergovernmentalism is used by most international organizations today. An alternative method of decision-making in international organizations is supranationalism. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Intergovernmentalism" title="Intergovernmentalism">Intergovernmentalism</a> is also a theory on European integration which rejects the Neofunctionalist mechanisms of integration. The theory, initially proposed by <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Hoffmann" title="Stanley Hoffmann">Stanley Hoffmann</a> and refined by <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Moravcsik" title="Andrew Moravcsik">Andrew Moravcsik</a> suggests that governments control the level and speed of European integration. Any increase in power at supranational level, he argues, results from a direct decision by governments who make decisions based on a domestic agenda. The theory rejects the spillover-effect argument and the idea that supranational organisations wield political influence on par with that of national governments. </p><p>Neofunctionalists have criticized intergovernmentalism on theoretical grounds as well as on the basis of empirical evidence, which they claim demonstrates that intergovernmentalism is incapable of explaining the dynamics and trajectory of European integration.<sup id="cite_ref-Neo_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neo-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, approaches with affinities to neofunctionalism dominate the study of European integration, and especially regarding the <a href="/wiki/European_Union_law" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union law">European Union's legal system</a>, while research on intergovernmentalism is sparse.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the last decades Haas' theory has been revived by several authors, who describe the neofunctionalist theoretical legacy left by him as able to speak directly to current EU studies and comparative regionalism, if it is seen as a dynamic theory that corresponds to established social scientific norms with disciplinary openness.<sup id="cite_ref-rosamond_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rosamond-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-borzel_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-borzel-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHaas2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ernst_B._Haas" title="Ernst B. Haas">Haas, Ernst B.</a>, ed. (2004) [1958]. <i>The uniting of Europe: political, social, and economic forces, 1950–1957</i> (3rd ed.). Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780268043476" title="Special:BookSources/9780268043476"><bdi>9780268043476</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+uniting+of+Europe%3A+political%2C+social%2C+and+economic+forces%2C+1950%E2%80%931957&rft.place=Notre+Dame%2C+Indiana&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=University+of+Notre+Dame+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780268043476&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeofunctionalism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosamond2000" class="citation book cs1">Rosamond, Ben (2000). <i>Theories of European integration</i>. New York: St. Martin's Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780333647172" title="Special:BookSources/9780333647172"><bdi>9780333647172</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theories+of+European+integration&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9780333647172&rft.aulast=Rosamond&rft.aufirst=Ben&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeofunctionalism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSandholtzStone_Sweet1998" class="citation book cs1">Sandholtz, Wayne; <a href="/wiki/Alec_Stone_Sweet" title="Alec Stone Sweet">Stone Sweet, Alec</a>, eds. (1998). <i>European integration and supranational governance</i>. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780198294641" title="Special:BookSources/9780198294641"><bdi>9780198294641</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=European+integration+and+supranational+governance&rft.place=Oxford+New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9780198294641&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeofunctionalism" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ukcatalogue.oup.com/product/9780198294641.do?">Details.</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSandholtzStone_SweetFligstein2001" class="citation book cs1">Sandholtz, Wayne; <a href="/wiki/Alec_Stone_Sweet" title="Alec Stone Sweet">Stone Sweet, Alec</a>; <a href="/wiki/Neil_Fligstein" title="Neil Fligstein">Fligstein, Neil</a>, eds. (2001). <i>The institutionalization of Europe</i>. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199247950" title="Special:BookSources/9780199247950"><bdi>9780199247950</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+institutionalization+of+Europe&rft.place=Oxford+New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9780199247950&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeofunctionalism" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ukcatalogue.oup.com/product/9780199247950.do?">Details.</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStone_Sweet2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alec_Stone_Sweet" title="Alec Stone Sweet">Stone Sweet, Alec</a> (2004). <i>The judicial construction of Europe</i>. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199275526" title="Special:BookSources/9780199275526"><bdi>9780199275526</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+judicial+construction+of+Europe&rft.place=Oxford+New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780199275526&rft.aulast=Stone+Sweet&rft.aufirst=Alec&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeofunctionalism" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ukcatalogue.oup.com/product/9780199275526.do?">Details.</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-rosamond-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rosamond_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rosamond_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosamond2005" class="citation journal cs1">Rosamond, Ben (April 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13501760500043928">"The uniting of Europe and the foundation of EU studies: Revisiting the neofunctionalism of Ernst B. Haas"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_European_Public_Policy" title="Journal of European Public Policy">Journal of European Public Policy</a>, special issue: The Disparity of European Integration: Revisiting Neofunctionalism in Honour of Ernst Haas</i>. <b>12</b> (5). <a href="/wiki/Taylor_and_Francis" class="mw-redirect" title="Taylor and Francis">Taylor and Francis</a>: 237–254. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13501760500043928">10.1080/13501760500043928</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+European+Public+Policy%2C+special+issue%3A+The+Disparity+of+European+Integration%3A+Revisiting+Neofunctionalism+in+Honour+of+Ernst+Haas&rft.atitle=The+uniting+of+Europe+and+the+foundation+of+EU+studies%3A+Revisiting+the+neofunctionalism+of+Ernst+B.+Haas&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=237-254&rft.date=2005-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F13501760500043928&rft.aulast=Rosamond&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1080%2F13501760500043928&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeofunctionalism" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#invalid_param_val" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Uniting-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Uniting_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaas2004" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Ernst_B._Haas" title="Ernst B. Haas">Haas, Ernst B.</a> (2004) [1958], "Introduction: Institutionalism or constructivism?", in <a href="/wiki/Ernst_B._Haas" title="Ernst B. Haas">Haas, Ernst B.</a> (ed.), <i>The uniting of Europe: political, social, and economic forces, 1950–1957</i> (3rd ed.), Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press, p. iii, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780268043476" title="Special:BookSources/9780268043476"><bdi>9780268043476</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Introduction%3A+Institutionalism+or+constructivism%3F&rft.btitle=The+uniting+of+Europe%3A+political%2C+social%2C+and+economic+forces%2C+1950%E2%80%931957&rft.place=Notre+Dame%2C+Indiana&rft.pages=iii&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=University+of+Notre+Dame+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780268043476&rft.aulast=Haas&rft.aufirst=Ernst+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeofunctionalism" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">citation</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#invalid_param_val" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaas1975" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ernst_B._Haas" title="Ernst B. Haas">Haas, Ernst</a> (1975). <i>The obsolescence of regional integration theory</i>. Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, University of California. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780877251255" title="Special:BookSources/9780877251255"><bdi>9780877251255</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+obsolescence+of+regional+integration+theory&rft.place=Berkeley&rft.pub=Institute+of+International+Studies%2C+University+of+California&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=9780877251255&rft.aulast=Haas&rft.aufirst=Ernst&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeofunctionalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-supra-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-supra_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSandholtzStone_Sweet1997" class="citation journal cs1">Sandholtz, Wayne; <a href="/wiki/Alec_Stone_Sweet" title="Alec Stone Sweet">Stone Sweet, Alec</a> (September 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13501769780000011">"European integration and Supranational governance"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_European_Public_Policy" title="Journal of European Public Policy">Journal of European Public Policy</a></i>. <b>4</b> (3). <a href="/wiki/Taylor_and_Francis" class="mw-redirect" title="Taylor and Francis">Taylor and Francis</a>: 297–317. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13501769780000011">10.1080/13501769780000011</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+European+Public+Policy&rft.atitle=European+integration+and+Supranational+governance&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=297-317&rft.date=1997-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F13501769780000011&rft.aulast=Sandholtz&rft.aufirst=Wayne&rft.au=Stone+Sweet%2C+Alec&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1080%2F13501769780000011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeofunctionalism" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#invalid_param_val" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1086&context=fss_papers">Pdf.</a> <dl><dd><i>See also</i>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBranchOhrgaard1999" class="citation journal cs1">Branch, Ann P.; Ohrgaard, Jakob C. (September 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/135017699343838">"Trapped in the supranational-intergovernmental dichotomy: a response to Stone Sweet and Sandholtz"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_European_Public_Policy" title="Journal of European Public Policy">Journal of European Public Policy</a></i>. <b>6</b> (1). <a href="/wiki/Taylor_and_Francis" class="mw-redirect" title="Taylor and Francis">Taylor and Francis</a>: 123–143. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F135017699343838">10.1080/135017699343838</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+European+Public+Policy&rft.atitle=Trapped+in+the+supranational-intergovernmental+dichotomy%3A+a+response+to+Stone+Sweet+and+Sandholtz&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=123-143&rft.date=1999-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F135017699343838&rft.aulast=Branch&rft.aufirst=Ann+P.&rft.au=Ohrgaard%2C+Jakob+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1080%2F135017699343838&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeofunctionalism" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#invalid_param_val" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSandholtzStone_Sweet1999" class="citation journal cs1">Sandholtz, Wayne; <a href="/wiki/Alec_Stone_Sweet" title="Alec Stone Sweet">Stone Sweet, Alec</a> (September 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/135017699343847">"European integration and supranational governance revisited: rejoinder to Branch and Ohrgaard"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_European_Public_Policy" title="Journal of European Public Policy">Journal of European Public Policy</a></i>. <b>6</b> (1). <a href="/wiki/Taylor_and_Francis" class="mw-redirect" title="Taylor and Francis">Taylor and Francis</a>: 144–154. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F135017699343847">10.1080/135017699343847</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+European+Public+Policy&rft.atitle=European+integration+and+supranational+governance+revisited%3A+rejoinder+to+Branch+and+Ohrgaard&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=144-154&rft.date=1999-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F135017699343847&rft.aulast=Sandholtz&rft.aufirst=Wayne&rft.au=Stone+Sweet%2C+Alec&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1080%2F135017699343847&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeofunctionalism" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#invalid_param_val" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span></dd></dl></dd></dl> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-haas1961-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-haas1961_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaas1961" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ernst_B._Haas" title="Ernst B. Haas">Haas, Ernst B.</a> (1961). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020818300002198">"International Integration: The European and the Universal Process"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/International_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="International Organization">International Organization</a></i>. <b>15</b> (3). <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge Journals</a>: 366–392. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0020818300002198">10.1017/S0020818300002198</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Organization&rft.atitle=International+Integration%3A+The+European+and+the+Universal+Process&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=366-392&rft.date=1961&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0020818300002198&rft.aulast=Haas&rft.aufirst=Ernst+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1017%2FS0020818300002198&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeofunctionalism" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lsu.edu/faculty/lray2/teaching/7971_1s2009/haas1961.pdf">Pdf.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaas2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ernst_B._Haas" title="Ernst B. Haas">Haas, Ernst B.</a>, ed. (2004) [1958]. <i>The uniting of Europe: political, social, and economic forces, 1950–1957</i> (3rd ed.). Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780268043476" title="Special:BookSources/9780268043476"><bdi>9780268043476</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+uniting+of+Europe%3A+political%2C+social%2C+and+economic+forces%2C+1950%E2%80%931957&rft.place=Notre+Dame%2C+Indiana&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=University+of+Notre+Dame+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780268043476&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeofunctionalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosamond2000" class="citation book cs1">Rosamond, Ben (2000). <i>Theories of European integration</i>. New York: St. Martin's Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780333647172" title="Special:BookSources/9780333647172"><bdi>9780333647172</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theories+of+European+integration&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9780333647172&rft.aulast=Rosamond&rft.aufirst=Ben&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeofunctionalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSandholtzStone_Sweet1998" class="citation book cs1">Sandholtz, Wayne; <a href="/wiki/Alec_Stone_Sweet" title="Alec Stone Sweet">Stone Sweet, Alec</a>, eds. (1998). <i>European integration and supranational governance</i>. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780198294641" title="Special:BookSources/9780198294641"><bdi>9780198294641</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=European+integration+and+supranational+governance&rft.place=Oxford+New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9780198294641&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeofunctionalism" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ukcatalogue.oup.com/product/9780198294641.do?">Details.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSandholtzStone_SweetFligstein2001" class="citation book cs1">Sandholtz, Wayne; <a href="/wiki/Alec_Stone_Sweet" title="Alec Stone Sweet">Stone Sweet, Alec</a>; <a href="/wiki/Neil_Fligstein" title="Neil Fligstein">Fligstein, Neil</a>, eds. (2001). <i>The institutionalization of Europe</i>. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199247950" title="Special:BookSources/9780199247950"><bdi>9780199247950</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+institutionalization+of+Europe&rft.place=Oxford+New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9780199247950&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeofunctionalism" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ukcatalogue.oup.com/product/9780199247950.do?">Details.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Neo-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Neo_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neo_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSandholtzStone_Sweet2010" class="citation journal cs1">Sandholtz, Wayne; <a href="/wiki/Alec_Stone_Sweet" title="Alec Stone Sweet">Stone Sweet, Alec</a> (6 April 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1585123">"Neofunctionalism and Supranational Governance"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Social_Science_Research_Network" title="Social Science Research Network">SSRN</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Social_Science_Research_Network" title="Social Science Research Network">Social Science Research Network</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2139%2Fssrn.1585123">10.2139/ssrn.1585123</a>. <a href="/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRN (identifier)">SSRN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1585123">1585123</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SSRN&rft.atitle=Neofunctionalism+and+Supranational+Governance&rft.date=2010-04-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D1585123%23id-name%3DSSRN&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2139%2Fssrn.1585123&rft.aulast=Sandholtz&rft.aufirst=Wayne&rft.au=Stone+Sweet%2C+Alec&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.2139%2Fssrn.1585123&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeofunctionalism" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#invalid_param_val" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStone_Sweet2010" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alec_Stone_Sweet" title="Alec Stone Sweet">Stone Sweet, Alec</a> (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.12942/lreg-2010-2">"The European Court of Justice and the judicialization of EU governance"</a>. <i>Living Reviews in EU Governance</i>. <b>5</b>. <a href="/wiki/Living_Reviews" class="mw-redirect" title="Living Reviews">Living Reviews</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.12942%2Flreg-2010-2">10.12942/lreg-2010-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Living+Reviews+in+EU+Governance&rft.atitle=The+European+Court+of+Justice+and+the+judicialization+of+EU+governance&rft.volume=5&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.12942%2Flreg-2010-2&rft.aulast=Stone+Sweet&rft.aufirst=Alec&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.12942%2Flreg-2010-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeofunctionalism" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#invalid_param_val" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unflagged_free_DOI" title="Category:CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI">link</a>)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://europeangovernance-livingreviews.org/Articles/lreg-2010-2/download/lreg-2010-2Color.pdf">Colour pdf.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-borzel-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-borzel_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBörzel2006" class="citation book cs1">Börzel, Tanja A., ed. (2006). <i>The Disparity of European Integration: Revisiting Neofunctionalism in Honour of Ernst B. Haas</i>. <a href="/wiki/Journal_of_European_Public_Policy" title="Journal of European Public Policy">Journal of European Public Policy Special Issues Series</a>. Abingdon, UK New York: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415374903" title="Special:BookSources/9780415374903"><bdi>9780415374903</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Disparity+of+European+Integration%3A+Revisiting+Neofunctionalism+in+Honour+of+Ernst+B.+Haas&rft.place=Abingdon%2C+UK+New+York&rft.series=Journal+of+European+Public+Policy+Special+Issues+Series&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780415374903&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeofunctionalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&oldid=811322988">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&oldid=811322988</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:International_relations_terminology" title="Category:International relations terminology">International relations terminology</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:International_relations_theory" title="Category:International relations theory">International relations theory</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_invalid_parameter_value" title="Category:CS1 errors: invalid parameter value">CS1 errors: invalid parameter value</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">CS1 maint: postscript</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unflagged_free_DOI" title="Category:CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI">CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 20 November 2017, at 22:07<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright"><span class="nowraplinks">This version of the page has been <a href="/wiki/Help:Page_history" title="Help:Page history">revised</a>. Besides normal editing, the reason for revision may have been that this version contains factual inaccuracies, vandalism, or material not compatible with the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>.</span></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neofunctionalism&diff=prev&oldid=811322988&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-gm8xq","wgBackendResponseTime":730,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.392","walltime":"0.470","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1526,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":67083,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":356,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":4,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":76162,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 415.199 1 -total"," 33.35% 138.466 1 Template:International_relations_theory_sidebar"," 32.92% 136.701 11 Template:Cite_book"," 32.59% 135.293 1 Template:International_relations_theory"," 32.08% 133.180 1 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"," 23.03% 95.606 1 Template:Reflist"," 8.26% 34.284 1 Template:For"," 8.02% 33.288 7 Template:Cite_journal"," 5.93% 24.618 1 Template:Rp"," 4.80% 19.924 1 Template:R/superscript"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.262","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":5689773,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-gm8xq","timestamp":"20241124174705","ttl":21600,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Neofunctionalism","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neofunctionalism","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1977515","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1977515","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-05-04T14:03:22Z","dateModified":"2017-11-20T22:07:36Z","headline":"political theory"}</script> </body> </html>