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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prehistory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Prehistory </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prehistory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roman_invasion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roman_invasion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Roman invasion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roman_invasion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Saxon_and_Norman_invasions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Saxon_and_Norman_invasions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Saxon and Norman invasions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Saxon_and_Norman_invasions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_17th–19th_centuries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_17th–19th_centuries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 The 17th–19th centuries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_17th–19th_centuries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 20th century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Geography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Geography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Boundaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boundaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Boundaries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boundaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cities_and_towns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cities_and_towns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Cities and towns </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cities_and_towns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Green_belt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Green_belt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Green belt </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Green_belt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Geology </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Caves_and_rivers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caves_and_rivers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Caves and rivers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caves_and_rivers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Levels_and_moors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Levels_and_moors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Levels and moors </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Levels_and_moors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coastline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coastline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 Coastline </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coastline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.8 Climate </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Governance </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Governance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Governance subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-UK_Parliament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#UK_Parliament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 UK Parliament </div> </a> <ul id="toc-UK_Parliament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-European_Parliament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_Parliament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 European Parliament </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_Parliament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Civil_parishes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Civil_parishes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Civil parishes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Civil_parishes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Demography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Economy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Economy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nuclear_electricity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nuclear_electricity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Nuclear electricity </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nuclear_electricity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Emergency_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emergency_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Emergency services </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emergency_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Culture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Transport </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Education </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Education subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Further_and_higher_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_and_higher_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.1 Further and higher education </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_and_higher_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Footnotes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Somerset</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 88 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-88" aria-hidden="true" > 88 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumors%C3%A6te" title="Sumorsæte – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Sumorsæte" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_(%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7)" title="مقاطعة سومرست (إنجلترا) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مقاطعة سومرست (إنجلترا)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F" title="সামারসেট – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সামারসেট" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Banjar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Сомерсет – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сомерсет" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Сомэрсэт – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сомэрсэт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%BC%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Съмърсет – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Съмърсет" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwlad_yr_Haf" title="Gwlad yr Haf – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwlad yr Haf" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="شهرستان سامرست – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شهرستان سامرست" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%BC%F0%90%8D%89%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%84" title="𐍃𐌿𐌼𐍉𐍂𐍃𐌰𐍄 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐍃𐌿𐌼𐍉𐍂𐍃𐌰𐍄" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%9C%EB%A8%B8%EC%8B%AF%EC%A3%BC" title="서머싯주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="서머싯주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%BD%D5%A5%D5%A9" title="Սոմերսեթ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սոմերսեթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F" title="समरसेट – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="समरसेट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Сомерсет – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Сомерсет" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%98" title="סאמרסט – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סאמרסט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwlas_an_Hav" title="Gwlas an Hav – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Gwlas an Hav" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somersetensis_comitatus" title="Somersetensis comitatus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Somersetensis comitatus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerseta" title="Somerseta – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Somerseta" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somersetas" title="Somersetas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Somersetas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F" title="सॉमरसेट – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सॉमरसेट" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="سومرسيت – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سومرسيت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%86%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA" title="ဆမ်းမားဆတ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆမ်းမားဆတ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_(graafschap)" title="Somerset (graafschap) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Somerset (graafschap)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%9E%E3%82%BB%E3%83%83%E3%83%88" title="サマセット – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サマセット" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Сомерсет – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Сомерсет" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%88%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%9F" title="ਸਮਰਸੈੱਟ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਮਰਸੈੱਟ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%B9" title="سمرسٹ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سمرسٹ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Сомерсет – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сомерсет" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_(gr%C3%B3fstvo)" title="Somerset (grófstvo) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Somerset (grófstvo)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_(grofija)" title="Somerset (grofija) – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Somerset (grofija)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Самерсет – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Самерсет" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%95" title="ซัมเมอร์เซต – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซัมเมอร์เซต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Сомерсет – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Сомерсет" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82_(%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE)" title="Сомерсет (графство) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сомерсет (графство)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%B9" title="سمرسیٹ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سمرسیٹ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Somerset" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E9%BB%98%E5%A1%9E%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A1" title="萨默塞特郡 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="萨默塞特郡" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%A2%D7%98" title="סאמערסעט – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סאמערסעט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A3%AE%E9%BA%BB%E9%8C%AB%E9%83%A1" title="森麻錫郡 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="森麻錫郡" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Somerset&params=51_06_N_2_54_W_region:GB-SOM_type:adm1st">51°06′N 2°54′W / 51.100°N 2.900°W / 51.100; -2.900</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">County in South West England</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the county in England. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Somerset_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Somerset (disambiguation)">Somerset (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ceremonial county in England</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Somerset</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">Ceremonial county</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:262px;max-width:262px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:260px;max-width:260px"><div style="height:112px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Somerset_Levels_from_Glastonbury_Tor_(27941775545)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Somerset_Levels_from_Glastonbury_Tor_%2827941775545%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/258px-Somerset_Levels_from_Glastonbury_Tor_%2827941775545%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="258" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Somerset_Levels_from_Glastonbury_Tor_%2827941775545%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/387px-Somerset_Levels_from_Glastonbury_Tor_%2827941775545%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Somerset_Levels_from_Glastonbury_Tor_%2827941775545%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/516px-Somerset_Levels_from_Glastonbury_Tor_%2827941775545%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1344" data-file-height="584" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:75px;max-width:75px"><div style="height:120px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:St_Mary_the_Virgin,_Bruton,_Somerset.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/St_Mary_the_Virgin%2C_Bruton%2C_Somerset.jpg/73px-St_Mary_the_Virgin%2C_Bruton%2C_Somerset.jpg" decoding="async" width="73" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/St_Mary_the_Virgin%2C_Bruton%2C_Somerset.jpg/110px-St_Mary_the_Virgin%2C_Bruton%2C_Somerset.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/St_Mary_the_Virgin%2C_Bruton%2C_Somerset.jpg/146px-St_Mary_the_Virgin%2C_Bruton%2C_Somerset.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4231" data-file-height="6951" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:183px;max-width:183px"><div style="height:120px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Puente_Pulteney,_Bath,_Inglaterra,_2014-08-12,_DD_51.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Puente_Pulteney%2C_Bath%2C_Inglaterra%2C_2014-08-12%2C_DD_51.JPG/181px-Puente_Pulteney%2C_Bath%2C_Inglaterra%2C_2014-08-12%2C_DD_51.JPG" decoding="async" width="181" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Puente_Pulteney%2C_Bath%2C_Inglaterra%2C_2014-08-12%2C_DD_51.JPG/272px-Puente_Pulteney%2C_Bath%2C_Inglaterra%2C_2014-08-12%2C_DD_51.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Puente_Pulteney%2C_Bath%2C_Inglaterra%2C_2014-08-12%2C_DD_51.JPG/362px-Puente_Pulteney%2C_Bath%2C_Inglaterra%2C_2014-08-12%2C_DD_51.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5483" data-file-height="3655" /></a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption">The <a href="/wiki/Somerset_Levels" title="Somerset Levels">Somerset Levels</a> from <a href="/wiki/Glastonbury_Tor" title="Glastonbury Tor">Glastonbury Tor</a>; <a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_Church,_Bruton" title="St Mary's Church, Bruton">St Mary's Church, Bruton</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Pulteney_Bridge" title="Pulteney Bridge">Pulteney Bridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Somerset_UK_locator_map_2010.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Somerset within England"><img alt="Somerset within England" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Somerset_UK_locator_map_2010.svg/200px-Somerset_UK_locator_map_2010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Somerset_UK_locator_map_2010.svg/300px-Somerset_UK_locator_map_2010.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Somerset_UK_locator_map_2010.svg/400px-Somerset_UK_locator_map_2010.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1108" data-file-height="1345" /></a></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Somerset&params=51_06_N_2_54_W_region:GB-SOM_type:adm1st">51°06′N 2°54′W / 51.100°N 2.900°W / 51.100; -2.900</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign state</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Constituent country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_England" title="Regions of England">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/South_West_England" title="South West England">South West England</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Historic_counties_of_England" title="Historic counties of England">Ancient</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Time in the United Kingdom">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B0" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+0">UTC+0</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Mean_Time" title="Greenwich Mean Time">GMT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/British_Summer_Time" title="British Summer Time">BST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">UK Parliament</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_parliamentary_constituencies_in_Somerset" title="List of parliamentary constituencies in Somerset">9 MPs</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Police</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Avon_and_Somerset_Police" title="Avon and Somerset Police">Avon and Somerset Police</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: #cddeff; font-weight: bold;"><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">Ceremonial county</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Lord_Lieutenant_of_Somerset" title="Lord Lieutenant of Somerset">Lord Lieutenant</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Saddiq" title="Mohammed Saddiq">Mohammed Saddiq</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/High_Sheriff_of_Somerset" title="High Sheriff of Somerset">High Sheriff</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Mary-Clare Rodwell<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> (2020–21)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">4,170 km2 (1,610 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ceremonial_counties_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ceremonial counties of England">7th of 48</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population <div class="ib-settlement-fn">(2022)<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">991,615</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ceremonial_counties_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ceremonial counties of England">22nd of 48</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Density</th><td class="infobox-data">238/km2 (620/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ethnicity<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">98.5% White</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: #cddeff; font-weight: bold;"><a href="/wiki/Unitary_authorities_of_England" title="Unitary authorities of England">Unitary authorities</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Councils</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Somerset_Council" title="Somerset Council">Somerset Council</a> <a href="/wiki/Bath_and_North_East_Somerset_Council" title="Bath and North East Somerset Council">Bath and North East Somerset Council</a> <a href="/wiki/North_Somerset_Council" title="North Somerset Council">North Somerset Council</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: #cddeff; font-weight: bold;"><a href="/wiki/Unitary_authorities_of_England" title="Unitary authorities of England">Unitary authority</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Council</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Somerset_Council" title="Somerset Council">Somerset Council</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Political_make-up_of_local_councils_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Political make-up of local councils in the United Kingdom">Control</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrat</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Admin HQ</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Taunton" title="Taunton">Taunton</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">3,450 km2 (1,330 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_English_districts_by_area" title="List of English districts by area">5th of 296</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population <div class="ib-settlement-fn">(2022)<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">576,852</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_English_districts_by_population" title="List of English districts by population">4th of 296</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Density</th><td class="infobox-data">167/km2 (430/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:GB" title="ISO 3166-2:GB">ISO 3166-2</a></th><td class="infobox-data">GB-SOM</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/GSS_coding_system" title="GSS coding system">GSS code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">E06000066</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Territorial_Level" title="International Territorial Level">ITL</a></th><td class="infobox-data">TLK23</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://somerset.gov.uk">somerset.gov.uk</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: #cddeff; font-weight: bold;">Districts</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><a href="/wiki/File:Somerset_numbered_districts_2023.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Somerset_numbered_districts_2023.svg/200px-Somerset_numbered_districts_2023.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Somerset_numbered_districts_2023.svg/300px-Somerset_numbered_districts_2023.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Somerset_numbered_districts_2023.svg/400px-Somerset_numbered_districts_2023.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="901" /></a> Districts of Somerset   Unitary </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_England" title="Districts of England">Districts</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> <ol><li>Somerset</li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Somerset" title="North Somerset">North Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bath_and_North_East_Somerset" title="Bath and North East Somerset">Bath and North East Somerset</a></li></ol> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> Somerset (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈsʌmərsɪt, -sɛt/</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/6\/6a\/En-uk-Somerset.ogg\/En-uk-Somerset.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"En-uk-Somerset.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6a/En-uk-Somerset.ogg/En-uk-Somerset.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:En-uk-Somerset.ogg" title="File:En-uk-Somerset.ogg">ⓘ</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">SUM-ər-sit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">-⁠set</a>),<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> <a href="/wiki/Archaism" title="Archaism">archaically</a> Somersetshire (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈsʌmərsɪt.ʃɪər, -sɛt-, -ʃər/</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">SUM-ər-sit-sheer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">-⁠set-</a>, <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">-⁠shər</a>)<a href="#cite_note-EB1911-5">[5]</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">ceremonial county</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_West_England" title="South West England">South West England</a>. It is bordered by the <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Channel" title="Bristol Channel">Bristol Channel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire">Gloucestershire</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a> to the north, <a href="/wiki/Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a> to the east and the north-east, <a href="/wiki/Dorset" title="Dorset">Dorset</a> to the south-east, and <a href="/wiki/Devon" title="Devon">Devon</a> to the south-west. The largest settlement is the city of <a href="/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/County_town" title="County town">county town</a> is <a href="/wiki/Taunton" title="Taunton">Taunton</a>. Somerset is a predominantly rural county, especially to the south and west, with an area of 4,171 km2 (1,610 sq mi) and a population of 965,424. After Bath (101,557), the largest settlements are <a href="/wiki/Weston-super-Mare" title="Weston-super-Mare">Weston-super-Mare</a> (82,418), <a href="/wiki/Taunton" title="Taunton">Taunton</a> (60,479), and <a href="/wiki/Yeovil" title="Yeovil">Yeovil</a> (49,698). <a href="/wiki/Wells,_Somerset" title="Wells, Somerset">Wells</a> (12,000) is a city, the second-smallest by population in England. For <a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_England" title="Local government in England">local government</a> purposes the county comprises three <a href="/wiki/Unitary_authorities_of_England" title="Unitary authorities of England">unitary authority</a> areas: <a href="/wiki/Bath_and_North_East_Somerset" title="Bath and North East Somerset">Bath and North East Somerset</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Somerset" title="North Somerset">North Somerset</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Somerset_Council" title="Somerset Council">Somerset</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bath_and_North_East_Somerset_Council" title="Bath and North East Somerset Council">Bath and North East Somerset Council</a> is a member of the <a href="/wiki/West_of_England_Combined_Authority" title="West of England Combined Authority">West of England Combined Authority</a>. The centre of Somerset is dominated by the <a href="/wiki/Somerset_Levels" title="Somerset Levels">Levels</a>, a coastal plain and wetland. The north-east contains part of the <a href="/wiki/Cotswolds" title="Cotswolds">Cotswolds</a> uplands and all of the <a href="/wiki/Mendip_Hills" title="Mendip Hills">Mendip Hills</a>, which are both <a href="/wiki/National_Landscape" class="mw-redirect" title="National Landscape">national landscapes</a>; the west contains the <a href="/wiki/Quantock_Hills" title="Quantock Hills">Quantock Hills</a> and part of the <a href="/wiki/Blackdown_Hills_National_Landscape" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackdown Hills National Landscape">Blackdown Hills</a>, which are also national landscapes, and most of <a href="/wiki/Exmoor" title="Exmoor">Exmoor</a>, a <a href="/wiki/National_parks_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="National parks of the United Kingdom">national park</a>. The major rivers of the county are the <a href="/wiki/River_Avon,_Bristol" title="River Avon, Bristol">Avon</a>, which flows through Bath and then Bristol, and the <a href="/wiki/River_Axe_(Bristol_Channel)" title="River Axe (Bristol Channel)">Axe</a>, <a href="/wiki/River_Brue" title="River Brue">Brue</a>, and <a href="/wiki/River_Parrett" title="River Parrett">Parrett</a>, which drain the Levels. There is evidence of <a href="/wiki/Paleolithic" title="Paleolithic">Paleolithic</a> human occupation in Somerset, and the area was subsequently settled by the <a href="/wiki/Celts" title="Celts">Celts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Britain" title="Roman Britain">Romans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Saxon England">Anglo-Saxons</a>. The county played a significant part in <a href="/wiki/Alfred_the_Great" title="Alfred the Great">Alfred the Great</a>'s rise to power, and later the <a href="/wiki/English_Civil_War" title="English Civil War">English Civil War</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Monmouth_Rebellion" title="Monmouth Rebellion">Monmouth Rebellion</a>. In the later medieval period its wealth allowed its monasteries and <a href="/wiki/Somerset_towers" title="Somerset towers">parish churches</a> to be rebuilt in grand style; <a href="/wiki/Glastonbury_Abbey" title="Glastonbury Abbey">Glastonbury Abbey</a> was particularly important, and claimed to house the tomb of <a href="/wiki/King_Arthur" title="King Arthur">King Arthur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guinevere" title="Guinevere">Guinevere</a>. The city of <a href="/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a> is famous for its <a href="/wiki/Georgian_era" title="Georgian era">Georgian</a> architecture, and is a UNESCO <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a>. The county is also the location of <a href="/wiki/Glastonbury_Festival" title="Glastonbury Festival">Glastonbury Festival</a>, one of the UK's major music festivals. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Toponymy">Toponymy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Toponymy">edit</a>]</div> Somerset's name derives from <a href="/wiki/Old_English" title="Old English">Old English</a> <a href="/wiki/Sumorsaete" title="Sumorsaete">Sumorsǣte</a>, short for Sumortūnsǣte, meaning "the people living at or dependent on Sumortūn (<a href="/wiki/Somerton,_Somerset" title="Somerton, Somerset">Somerton</a>)".<a href="#cite_note-watts1-6">[6]</a> The first known use of Somersæte is in the law code of <a href="/wiki/Ine_of_Wessex" title="Ine of Wessex">King Ine</a> who was the Saxon King of Wessex from 688 to 726 CE, making Somerset along with <a href="/wiki/Hampshire" title="Hampshire">Hampshire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dorset" title="Dorset">Dorset</a> one of the oldest extant units of local government in the world.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> An alternative suggestion is the name derives from Seo-mere-saetan meaning "settlers by the sea lakes".<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> The same ending can also be seen in the neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Dorset#Toponymy" title="Dorset">Dorset</a>. The Old English name is used in the <a href="/wiki/Motto" title="Motto">motto</a> of the county, Sumorsǣte ealle, meaning "all the people of Somerset". Adopted as the motto in 1911, the phrase is taken from the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Somerset was a <a href="/wiki/Shire" title="Shire">shire</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Saxon England">Anglo-Saxon</a> kingdom of <a href="/wiki/Wessex" title="Wessex">Wessex</a>, and the phrase refers to the wholehearted support the people of Somerset gave to <a href="/wiki/Alfred_the_Great" title="Alfred the Great">King Alfred</a> in his struggle to save Wessex from <a href="/wiki/Vikings" title="Vikings">Viking</a> invaders.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> Somerset settlement names are mostly Anglo-Saxon in origin (for example, <a href="/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a>, <a href="/wiki/Somerton,_Somerset" title="Somerton, Somerset">Somerton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wells,_Somerset" title="Wells, Somerset">Wells</a> and <a href="/wiki/Keynsham" title="Keynsham">Keynsham</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a>), but numerous place names include <a href="/wiki/Brittonic_languages" title="Brittonic languages">British Celtic</a> elements, such as the rivers Frome and Avon, and names of hills. For example, an <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_charters" title="Anglo-Saxon charters">Anglo-Saxon charter</a> of 682 refers to Creechborough Hill as "the hill the British call Cructan and the Anglo-Saxons call Crychbeorh".<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> Some modern names are wholly <a href="/wiki/British_language_(Celtic)" class="mw-redirect" title="British language (Celtic)">Brittonic</a> in origin, like <a href="/wiki/Tarnock" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarnock">Tarnock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Priddy" title="Priddy">Priddy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chard,_Somerset" title="Chard, Somerset">Chard</a>, while others have both Saxon and Brittonic elements, such as <a href="/wiki/Pen_Hill" title="Pen Hill">Pen Hill</a>.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Somerset" title="History of Somerset">History of Somerset</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Somerset_in_1646.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Map_of_Somerset_in_1646.jpg/220px-Map_of_Somerset_in_1646.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Map_of_Somerset_in_1646.jpg/330px-Map_of_Somerset_in_1646.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Map_of_Somerset_in_1646.jpg/440px-Map_of_Somerset_in_1646.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5500" data-file-height="4228" /></a><figcaption>A map of the county in 1646, author unknown</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prehistory">Prehistory</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Prehistory">edit</a>]</div> The caves of the <a href="/wiki/Mendip_Hills" title="Mendip Hills">Mendip Hills</a> were settled during the <a href="/wiki/Paleolithic" title="Paleolithic">Palaeolithic</a> period,<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> and contain extensive archaeological sites such as those at <a href="/wiki/Cheddar_Gorge" title="Cheddar Gorge">Cheddar Gorge</a>. Bones from <a href="/wiki/Gough%27s_Cave" title="Gough's Cave">Gough's Cave</a> have been dated to 12,000 BCE, and a complete skeleton, known as <a href="/wiki/Cheddar_Man" title="Cheddar Man">Cheddar Man</a>, dates from <a href="/wiki/8th_millennium_BC" title="8th millennium BC">7150 BCE</a>.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> Examples of cave art have been found in <a href="/wiki/Aveline%27s_Hole" title="Aveline's Hole">Aveline's Hole</a>.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Some caves continued to be occupied until modern times, including <a href="/wiki/Wookey_Hole_Caves" title="Wookey Hole Caves">Wookey Hole</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The <a href="/wiki/Somerset_Levels" title="Somerset Levels">Somerset Levels</a>—specifically <a href="/wiki/Dry_point" title="Dry point">dry points</a> at <a href="/wiki/Glastonbury" title="Glastonbury">Glastonbury</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brent_Knoll" title="Brent Knoll">Brent Knoll</a>—also have a long history of settlement, and are known to have been settled by <a href="/wiki/Mesolithic" title="Mesolithic">Mesolithic</a> hunters.<a href="#cite_note-Dunning-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mesolithic-20">[20]</a> Travel in the area was facilitated by the construction of one of the world's oldest known engineered roadways, the <a href="/wiki/Sweet_Track" title="Sweet Track">Sweet Track</a>, which dates from 3807 BCE or 3806 BCE.<a href="#cite_note-22">[a]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-brunning-24">[23]</a> The exact age of the <a href="/wiki/Henge" title="Henge">henge monument</a> at <a href="/wiki/Stanton_Drew_stone_circles" title="Stanton Drew stone circles">Stanton Drew stone circles</a> is unknown, but it is believed to be <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a> There are numerous <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a> <a href="/wiki/Hill_fort" class="mw-redirect" title="Hill fort">hill forts</a>, some of which, like <a href="/wiki/Cadbury_Castle,_Somerset" title="Cadbury Castle, Somerset">Cadbury Castle</a><a href="#cite_note-auto-26">[25]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ham_Hill,_Somerset" title="Ham Hill, Somerset">Ham Hill</a>, were later reoccupied in the <a href="/wiki/Early_Middle_Ages" title="Early Middle Ages">Early Middle Ages</a>.<a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roman_invasion">Roman invasion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Roman invasion">edit</a>]</div> On the authority of the future emperor <a href="/wiki/Vespasian" title="Vespasian">Vespasian</a>, as part of the ongoing expansion of the Roman presence in Britain, the <a href="/wiki/Legio_II_Augusta" title="Legio II Augusta">Second Legion Augusta</a> invaded Somerset from the south-east in 47 CE. The county remained part of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a> until around 409 CE, when the Roman occupation of Britain came to an end.<a href="#cite_note-rajan-28">[27]</a> A variety of Roman remains have been found, including <a href="/wiki/Pagans_Hill_Roman_temple" title="Pagans Hill Roman temple">Pagans Hill Roman temple</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chew_Stoke" title="Chew Stoke">Chew Stoke</a>,<a href="#cite_note-hucker-29">[28]</a> <a href="/wiki/Low_Ham_Roman_Villa" title="Low Ham Roman Villa">Low Ham Roman Villa</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Baths_(Bath)" title="Roman Baths (Bath)">Roman Baths</a> that gave their name to the city of <a href="/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a>.<a href="#cite_note-30">[29]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Saxon_and_Norman_invasions">Saxon and Norman invasions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Saxon and Norman invasions">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pulteney_Bridge,_Bath_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Yellow/Gray stone bridge with three arches over water which reflects the bridge and the church spire behind. A weir is on the left with other yellow stone buildings behind." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Pulteney_Bridge%2C_Bath_2.jpg/170px-Pulteney_Bridge%2C_Bath_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Pulteney_Bridge%2C_Bath_2.jpg/255px-Pulteney_Bridge%2C_Bath_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Pulteney_Bridge%2C_Bath_2.jpg/340px-Pulteney_Bridge%2C_Bath_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2123" data-file-height="2999" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Palladian" class="mw-redirect" title="Palladian">Palladian</a> Pulteney Bridge at <a href="/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a></figcaption></figure> After the Romans left, Britain was invaded by Anglo-Saxon peoples. By 600 CE they had established control over much of what is now England, but Somerset was still in native British hands. The British held back Saxon advance into the south-west for some time longer, but by the early eighth century King <a href="/wiki/Ine_of_Wessex" title="Ine of Wessex">Ine of Wessex</a> had pushed the boundaries of the West Saxon kingdom far enough west to include Somerset.<a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a> The Saxon royal palace in <a href="/wiki/Cheddar,_Somerset" title="Cheddar, Somerset">Cheddar</a> was used several times in the 10th century to host the <a href="/wiki/Witenagemot" class="mw-redirect" title="Witenagemot">Witenagemot</a>.<a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a> The nature of the relations between the Britons and the Saxons in Somerset is not entirely clear. <a href="/wiki/Ine_of_Wessex" title="Ine of Wessex">Ine's laws</a> demonstrate that the Britons were considered to be a significant enough population in Wessex to merit provisions; however, the laws also suggest that Britons could not attain the same social standing as the Saxons, and that many were slaves.<a href="#cite_note-33">[32]</a> In light of such policies, many Britons might have chosen to emigrate to places such as <a href="/wiki/Brittany" title="Brittany">Brittany</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[33]</a> while those who remained would have had incentives to adopt Anglo-Saxon culture.<a href="#cite_note-35">[34]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/Norman_conquest_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Norman conquest of England">Norman Conquest</a>, the county was divided into 700 <a href="/wiki/Fiefdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiefdom">fiefs</a>, and large areas were owned by the crown,<a href="#cite_note-EB1911-5">[5]</a> with fortifications such as <a href="/wiki/Dunster_Castle" title="Dunster Castle">Dunster Castle</a> used for control and defence. Somerset came under the political influence of several different nobles during the Middle Ages. During the Wars of the Roses, an important magnate was <a href="/wiki/Humphrey_Stafford,_1st_Earl_of_Devon" title="Humphrey Stafford, 1st Earl of Devon">Humphrey Stafford, earl of Devon</a> whose wider influence stretched from Cornwall to Wiltshire. After 1485, one of the county's most influential figures was Henry VII's chamberlain <a href="/wiki/Giles_Daubeney,_1st_Baron_Daubeney" title="Giles Daubeney, 1st Baron Daubeney">Giles Daubeney</a>.<a href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_17th–19th_centuries">The 17th–19th centuries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: The 17th–19th centuries">edit</a>]</div> Somerset contains <a href="/wiki/HM_Prison_Shepton_Mallet" title="HM Prison Shepton Mallet">HM Prison Shepton Mallet</a>, which was England's oldest prison still in use prior to its closure in 2013, having opened in 1610.<a href="#cite_note-Historic-37">[36]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/English_Civil_War" title="English Civil War">English Civil War</a>, Somerset was largely <a href="/wiki/Roundhead" title="Roundhead">Parliamentarian</a>,<a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a> with key engagements being the <a href="/wiki/Sieges_of_Taunton" title="Sieges of Taunton">Sieges of Taunton</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Langport" title="Battle of Langport">Battle of Langport</a>.<a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a> In 1685, the <a href="/wiki/Monmouth_Rebellion" title="Monmouth Rebellion">Monmouth Rebellion</a> was played out in Somerset and neighbouring Dorset.<a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a> The rebels landed at <a href="/wiki/Lyme_Regis" title="Lyme Regis">Lyme Regis</a> and travelled north, hoping to capture <a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a> and Bath, but they were defeated in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sedgemoor" title="Battle of Sedgemoor">Battle of Sedgemoor</a> at <a href="/wiki/Westonzoyland" title="Westonzoyland">Westonzoyland</a>, the last <a href="/wiki/Pitched_battle" title="Pitched battle">pitched battle</a> fought in England.<a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Arthur Wellesley</a> took his title, <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Wellington_(title)" title="Duke of Wellington (title)">Duke of Wellington</a> from the town of <a href="/wiki/Wellington,_Somerset" title="Wellington, Somerset">Wellington</a>;<a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a> he is commemorated on a nearby hill by a large, spotlit <a href="/wiki/Obelisk" title="Obelisk">obelisk</a>, known as the <a href="/wiki/Wellington_Monument,_Somerset" title="Wellington Monument, Somerset">Wellington Monument</a>.<a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a> in the Midlands and Northern England spelled the end for most of Somerset's cottage industries. Farming continued to flourish, and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Bath_and_West_of_England_Society" title="Royal Bath and West of England Society">Bath and West of England Society for the Encouragement of Agriculture, Arts, Manufactures and Commerce</a> was founded in 1777 to improve farming methods. Despite this, two decades later agriculturist <a href="/wiki/John_Billingsley_(agriculturist)" title="John Billingsley (agriculturist)">John Billingsley</a> conducted a survey of the county's agriculture in 1795 and found that agricultural methods could still be improved.<a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a> Coal mining was an important industry in north Somerset during the 18th and 19th centuries, and by 1800 it was prominent in <a href="/wiki/Radstock" title="Radstock">Radstock</a>.<a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Somerset_Coalfield" title="Somerset Coalfield">Somerset Coalfield</a> reached its peak production by the 1920s. All the pits have now been closed, the last in 1973.<a href="#cite_note-cornwell-46">[45]</a> Most of the surface buildings have been removed, and apart from a winding wheel outside <a href="/wiki/Radstock_Museum" title="Radstock Museum">Radstock Museum</a>, little evidence of their former existence remains. Further west, the <a href="/wiki/Brendon_Hills" title="Brendon Hills">Brendon Hills</a> were mined for iron ore in the late 19th century; this was taken by the <a href="/wiki/West_Somerset_Mineral_Railway" title="West Somerset Mineral Railway">West Somerset Mineral Railway</a> to <a href="/wiki/Watchet" title="Watchet">Watchet</a> Harbour for shipment to the furnaces at <a href="/wiki/Ebbw_Vale" title="Ebbw Vale">Ebbw Vale</a>.<a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 20th century">edit</a>]</div> Many Somerset soldiers died during the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a>, with the <a href="/wiki/Somerset_Light_Infantry" title="Somerset Light Infantry">Somerset Light Infantry</a> suffering nearly 5,000 casualties.<a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a> War memorials were put up in most of the county's towns and villages; only nine, described as the <a href="/wiki/Thankful_Villages" title="Thankful Villages">Thankful Villages</a>, had none of their residents killed. During the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a> the county was a base for troops preparing for the <a href="/wiki/Normandy_landings" title="Normandy landings">D-Day landings</a>. Some of the hospitals which were built for the casualties of the war remain in use. The <a href="/wiki/Taunton_Stop_Line" title="Taunton Stop Line">Taunton Stop Line</a> was set up to repel a potential German invasion. The remains of its <a href="/wiki/Bunker" title="Bunker">pill boxes</a> can still be seen along the coast, and south through <a href="/wiki/Ilminster" title="Ilminster">Ilminster</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chard,_Somerset" title="Chard, Somerset">Chard</a>.<a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a> A number of decoy towns were constructed in Somerset in World War II to protect Bristol and other towns. They were designed to mimic the nighttime geometry of "blacked out" streets, railway lines, and <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Temple_Meads_railway_station" title="Bristol Temple Meads railway station">Bristol Temple Meads railway station</a>, to encourage German bombers away from these targets.<a href="#cite_note-brown-50">[49]</a> One, on the German <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Beams" title="Battle of the Beams">radio navigation beam</a> flight path to Bristol, was constructed on <a href="/wiki/Black_Down,_Somerset" title="Black Down, Somerset">Beacon Batch</a>.<a href="#cite_note-brown-50">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto-26">[25]</a> It was laid out by <a href="/wiki/Shepperton_Studios" title="Shepperton Studios">Shepperton Studios</a>, based on <a href="/wiki/Aerial_photography" title="Aerial photography">aerial photographs</a> of the city's railway <a href="/wiki/Classification_yard" title="Classification yard">marshalling yards</a>.<a href="#cite_note-brown-50">[49]</a> The decoys were fitted with dim red lights, simulating activities such as the stoking of <a href="/wiki/Steam_locomotive" title="Steam locomotive">steam locomotives</a>. Burning bales of straw soaked in creosote were used to simulate the effects of <a href="/wiki/Incendiary_device" title="Incendiary device">incendiary bombs</a> dropped by the first wave of Pathfinder night bombers; meanwhile, incendiary bombs dropped on the correct location were quickly smothered, wherever possible. Drums of oil were also ignited to simulate the effect of a blazing city or town, with the aim of fooling subsequent waves of bombers into dropping their bombs on the wrong location.<a href="#cite_note-brown-50">[49]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Chew_Magna" title="Chew Magna">Chew Magna</a> decoy town was hit by half a dozen bombs on 2 December 1940, and over a thousand incendiaries on 3 January 1941.<a href="#cite_note-brown-50">[49]</a> The following night the <a href="/wiki/Uphill" title="Uphill">Uphill</a> decoy town, protecting the airfield at <a href="/wiki/Weston-super-Mare" title="Weston-super-Mare">Weston-super-Mare</a>, was bombed; a herd of <a href="/wiki/Dairy_cattle" title="Dairy cattle">dairy cows</a> was hit, killing some and severely injuring others.<a href="#cite_note-brown-50">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Geography">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Boundaries">Boundaries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Boundaries">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bristol_MMB_%C2%ABD0_Avon_Gorge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Bristol_MMB_%C2%ABD0_Avon_Gorge.jpg/220px-Bristol_MMB_%C2%ABD0_Avon_Gorge.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Bristol_MMB_%C2%ABD0_Avon_Gorge.jpg/330px-Bristol_MMB_%C2%ABD0_Avon_Gorge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Bristol_MMB_%C2%ABD0_Avon_Gorge.jpg/440px-Bristol_MMB_%C2%ABD0_Avon_Gorge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Avon_Gorge" title="Avon Gorge">Avon Gorge</a>, the historic boundary between Gloucestershire and Somerset, and also <a href="/wiki/Mercia" title="Mercia">Mercia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wessex" title="Wessex">Wessex</a>; Somerset is to the left</figcaption></figure> The boundaries of Somerset are largely unaltered from medieval times. The main change has been in the north, where the <a href="/wiki/River_Avon_(Bristol)" class="mw-redirect" title="River Avon (Bristol)">River Avon</a> formed the border with Gloucestershire, except that the <a href="/wiki/Hundred_(county_division)" title="Hundred (county division)">hundred</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bath_Forum" title="Bath Forum">Bath Forum</a>, which straddles the Avon, formed part of Somerset. Bristol began as a town on the Gloucestershire side of the Avon, but as it grew it extended across the river into Somerset. In 1373 <a href="/wiki/Edward_III_of_England" title="Edward III of England">Edward III</a> proclaimed "that the town of Bristol with its suburbs and precincts shall henceforth be separate from the counties of Gloucester and Somerset ... and that it should be a <a href="/wiki/City_and_County_of_Bristol" class="mw-redirect" title="City and County of Bristol">county by itself</a>".<a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a> The present-day northern border of Somerset (adjoining the counties of Bristol and Gloucestershire) runs along the southern bank of the Avon from the Bristol Channel, then follows around the southern edge of the Bristol built-up area, before continuing upstream along the Avon and then diverges from the river to include Bath and its historic hinterland to the north of the Avon, before meeting Wiltshire at the Three Shire Stones on the <a href="/wiki/Fosse_Way" title="Fosse Way">Fosse Way</a> at <a href="/wiki/Batheaston" title="Batheaston">Batheaston</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ordnances-52">[51]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cities_and_towns">Cities and towns</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Cities and towns">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Somerset" title="List of places in Somerset">List of places in Somerset</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_settlements_in_Somerset_by_population" title="List of settlements in Somerset by population">List of settlements in Somerset by population</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Category:Populated_places_in_Somerset" title="Category:Populated places in Somerset">Category:Populated places in Somerset</a></div> Somerton took over from <a href="/wiki/Ilchester" title="Ilchester">Ilchester</a> as the <a href="/wiki/County_town" title="County town">county town</a> in the late thirteenth century,<a href="#cite_note-53">[52]</a> but it declined in importance and the status of county town transferred to <a href="/wiki/Taunton" title="Taunton">Taunton</a> about 1366.<a href="#cite_note-54">[53]</a> The county has two <a href="/wiki/City_status_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="City status in the United Kingdom">cities</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wells,_Somerset" title="Wells, Somerset">Wells</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Category:Towns_in_Somerset" title="Category:Towns in Somerset">30 towns</a> (including the county town of Taunton, which has no town council but instead is the chief settlement of the county's only extant <a href="/wiki/Borough_status_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Borough status in the United Kingdom">borough</a>). The largest urban areas in terms of population are Bath, <a href="/wiki/Weston-super-Mare" title="Weston-super-Mare">Weston-super-Mare</a>, Taunton, <a href="/wiki/Yeovil" title="Yeovil">Yeovil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bridgwater" title="Bridgwater">Bridgwater</a>.<a href="#cite_note-55">[54]</a> Many settlements developed because of their strategic importance in relation to geographical features, such as river crossings or valleys in ranges of hills. Examples include <a href="/wiki/Axbridge" title="Axbridge">Axbridge</a> on the <a href="/wiki/River_Axe_(Bristol_Channel)" title="River Axe (Bristol Channel)">River Axe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Castle_Cary" title="Castle Cary">Castle Cary</a> on the <a href="/wiki/River_Cary" title="River Cary">River Cary</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Petherton" title="North Petherton">North Petherton</a> on the <a href="/wiki/River_Parrett" title="River Parrett">River Parrett</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ilminster" title="Ilminster">Ilminster</a>, where there was a crossing point on the <a href="/wiki/River_Isle" title="River Isle">River Isle</a>. <a href="/wiki/Midsomer_Norton" title="Midsomer Norton">Midsomer Norton</a> lies on the <a href="/wiki/River_Somer" title="River Somer">River Somer</a>; while the <a href="/wiki/Wellow_Brook" title="Wellow Brook">Wellow Brook</a> and the Fosse Way <a href="/wiki/Roman_roads_in_Britain" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman roads in Britain">Roman road</a> run through Radstock. <a href="/wiki/Chard,_Somerset" title="Chard, Somerset">Chard</a> is the most southerly town in Somerset and one of the highest, though at an altitude of 126 m (413 ft) <a href="/wiki/Wiveliscombe" title="Wiveliscombe">Wiveliscombe</a> is the highest town in the county.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Green_belt">Green belt</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Green belt">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Avon_Green_Belt" title="Avon Green Belt">Avon Green Belt</a></div> The county contains several-miles-wide sections of the Avon <a href="/wiki/Green_belt" title="Green belt">green belt</a> area, which is primarily in place to prevent <a href="/wiki/Urban_sprawl" title="Urban sprawl">urban sprawl</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Built-up_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Bristol Built-up Area">Bristol</a> and Bath built up areas encroaching into the rural areas of North Somerset,<a href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a> Bath and North East Somerset,<a href="#cite_note-57">[56]</a> and Mendip<a href="#cite_note-58">[57]</a> districts in the county, as well as maintaining surrounding countryside. It stretches from the coastline between the towns of <a href="/wiki/Portishead,_Somerset" title="Portishead, Somerset">Portishead</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clevedon" title="Clevedon">Clevedon</a>, extending eastwards past <a href="/wiki/Nailsea" title="Nailsea">Nailsea</a>, around the Bristol conurbation, and through to the city of Bath. The green belt border intersects with the Mendip Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) along its south boundary, and meets the Cotswolds AONB by its eastern extent along the Wiltshire county border, creating an extended area protected from inappropriate development. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geology">Geology</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Geology">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Somerset" title="Geology of Somerset">Geology of Somerset</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_hills_of_Somerset" title="List of hills of Somerset">List of hills of Somerset</a></div>Much of the landscape of Somerset falls into types determined by the underlying geology. These landscapes are the limestone <a href="/wiki/Karst" title="Karst">karst</a> and <a href="/wiki/Early_Jurassic" title="Early Jurassic">lias</a> of the north, the clay <a href="/wiki/Valley" title="Valley">vales</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wetland" title="Wetland">wetlands</a> of the centre, the <a href="/wiki/Oolite" title="Oolite">oolites</a> of the east and south, and the <a href="/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">Devonian</a> <a href="/wiki/Sandstone" title="Sandstone">sandstone</a> of the west.<a href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Uk_som_brue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Uk_som_brue.jpg/220px-Uk_som_brue.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Uk_som_brue.jpg/330px-Uk_som_brue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Uk_som_brue.jpg/440px-Uk_som_brue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/River_Brue" title="River Brue">River Brue</a> in an artificial channel draining farmland near <a href="/wiki/Glastonbury" title="Glastonbury">Glastonbury</a></figcaption></figure> To the north-east of the Somerset Levels, the Mendip Hills are moderately high <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a> hills. The central and western Mendip Hills was designated an <a href="/wiki/Area_of_Outstanding_Natural_Beauty" title="Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty">Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty</a> in 1972 and covers 198 km2 (76 sq mi).<a href="#cite_note-60">[59]</a> The main <a href="/wiki/Habitat" title="Habitat">habitat</a> on these hills is <a href="/wiki/Calcareous_grassland" title="Calcareous grassland">calcareous grassland</a>, with some <a href="/wiki/Arable_land" title="Arable land">arable</a> agriculture. To the south-west of the Somerset Levels are the <a href="/wiki/Quantock_Hills" title="Quantock Hills">Quantock Hills</a> which was England's first Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty designated in 1956<a href="#cite_note-61">[60]</a> which is covered in heathland, oak woodlands, ancient parklands with plantations of conifer and covers 99 square kilometres. The Somerset Coalfield is part of a larger coalfield which stretches into <a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire">Gloucestershire</a>. To the north of the Mendip hills is the <a href="/wiki/Chew_Valley" title="Chew Valley">Chew Valley</a> and to the south, on the <a href="/wiki/Clay" title="Clay">clay</a> substrate, are broad valleys which support dairy farming and drain into the Somerset Levels. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Caves_and_rivers">Caves and rivers</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Caves and rivers">edit</a>]</div> There is an extensive network of <a href="/wiki/Caves_of_the_Mendip_Hills" title="Caves of the Mendip Hills">caves</a>, including Wookey Hole, underground rivers, and <a href="/wiki/Canyon" title="Canyon">gorges</a>, including the Cheddar Gorge and <a href="/wiki/Ebbor_Gorge" title="Ebbor Gorge">Ebbor Gorge</a>.<a href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a> The county has many rivers, including the Axe, <a href="/wiki/River_Brue" title="River Brue">Brue</a>, Cary, Parrett, <a href="/wiki/River_Sheppey" title="River Sheppey">Sheppey</a>, <a href="/wiki/River_Tone" title="River Tone">Tone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Congresbury_Yeo" title="Congresbury Yeo">Yeo</a>. These both feed and drain the flat levels and moors of mid and west Somerset.<a href="#cite_note-63">[62]</a> In the north of the county the <a href="/wiki/River_Chew" title="River Chew">River Chew</a> flows into the <a href="/wiki/River_Avon_(Bristol)" class="mw-redirect" title="River Avon (Bristol)">Bristol Avon</a>. The Parrett is tidal almost to <a href="/wiki/Langport" title="Langport">Langport</a>, where there is evidence of two Roman wharfs.<a href="#cite_note-hadfield-64">[63]</a> At the same site during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">King Charles I</a>, river tolls were levied on boats to pay for the maintenance of the bridge.<a href="#cite_note-hadfield-64">[63]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Levels_and_moors">Levels and moors</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Levels and moors">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Glastonbury_(part_of)_from_the_tor_arp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Glastonbury_%28part_of%29_from_the_tor_arp.jpg/220px-Glastonbury_%28part_of%29_from_the_tor_arp.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Glastonbury_%28part_of%29_from_the_tor_arp.jpg/330px-Glastonbury_%28part_of%29_from_the_tor_arp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Glastonbury_%28part_of%29_from_the_tor_arp.jpg/440px-Glastonbury_%28part_of%29_from_the_tor_arp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1070" /></a><figcaption>The town of Glastonbury looking west from the top of Glastonbury Tor. The fields in the distance are the Somerset Levels.</figcaption></figure> The Somerset Levels (or Somerset Levels and Moors as they are less commonly but more correctly known) are a sparsely populated <a href="/wiki/Wetland" title="Wetland">wetland</a> area of central Somerset, between the Quantock and Mendip hills. They consist of marine clay levels along the coast, and the inland (often <a href="/wiki/Peat" title="Peat">peat</a> based) moors. The Levels are divided into two by the <a href="/wiki/Polden_Hills" title="Polden Hills">Polden Hills</a>. Land to the south is drained by the <a href="/wiki/River_Parrett" title="River Parrett">River Parrett</a> while land to the north is drained by the River Axe and the River Brue. The total area of the Levels amounts to about 647.5 square kilometres (160,000 acres)<a href="#cite_note-robinwilliams-65">[64]</a> and broadly corresponds to the administrative district of <a href="/wiki/Sedgemoor" title="Sedgemoor">Sedgemoor</a> but also includes the south west of <a href="/wiki/Mendip_District" title="Mendip District">Mendip district</a>. Approximately 70% of the area is grassland and 30% is arable.<a href="#cite_note-robinwilliams-65">[64]</a> Stretching about 32 kilometres (20 mi) inland, this expanse of flat land barely rises above sea level. Before it was drained, much of the land was under a shallow <a href="/wiki/Brackish_water" title="Brackish water">brackish sea</a> in winter and was <a href="/wiki/Marsh" title="Marsh">marsh land</a> in summer. Drainage began with the Romans, and was restarted at various times: by the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxons" title="Anglo-Saxons">Anglo-Saxons</a>; in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Glastonbury_Abbey" title="Glastonbury Abbey">Glastonbury Abbey</a>, during 1400–1770; and during the Second World War, with the construction of the <a href="/wiki/River_Huntspill" title="River Huntspill">Huntspill River</a>. Pumping and management of water levels still continues.<a href="#cite_note-williams-66">[65]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Exmoors_on_Exmoor.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Three small brown horses on grassy area. In the distance are hills." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Exmoors_on_Exmoor.jpg/220px-Exmoors_on_Exmoor.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Exmoors_on_Exmoor.jpg/330px-Exmoors_on_Exmoor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Exmoors_on_Exmoor.jpg/440px-Exmoors_on_Exmoor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1700" data-file-height="769" /></a><figcaption>The Exmoor landscape with the native Exmoor Pony</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/North_Somerset_Levels" title="North Somerset Levels">North Somerset Levels</a> basin, north of the Mendips, covers a smaller geographical area than the Somerset Levels; and forms a coastal area around <a href="/wiki/Avonmouth" title="Avonmouth">Avonmouth</a>. It too was reclaimed by draining.<a href="#cite_note-williams-66">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-rippon-67">[66]</a> It is mirrored, across the <a href="/wiki/Severn_Estuary" title="Severn Estuary">Severn Estuary</a>, in Wales, by a similar low-lying area: the <a href="/wiki/Caldicot_and_Wentloog_Levels" title="Caldicot and Wentloog Levels">Caldicot and Wentloog Levels</a>.<a href="#cite_note-rippon-67">[66]</a> In the far west of the county, running into Devon, is <a href="/wiki/Exmoor" title="Exmoor">Exmoor</a>, a high Devonian sandstone <a href="/wiki/Moorland" title="Moorland">moor</a>, which was designated as a <a href="/wiki/National_park" title="National park">national park</a> in 1954, under the 1949 <a href="/wiki/National_Parks_and_Access_to_the_Countryside_Act_1949" title="National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949">National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act</a>.<a href="#cite_note-68">[67]</a> The highest point in Somerset is <a href="/wiki/Dunkery_Hill" title="Dunkery Hill">Dunkery Beacon</a> on Exmoor, with a maximum elevation of 519 metres (1,703 feet).<a href="#cite_note-69">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a> Over 100 sites in Somerset have been designated as <a href="/wiki/List_of_Sites_of_Special_Scientific_Interest_in_Somerset" title="List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Somerset">Sites of Special Scientific Interest</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Coastline">Coastline</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Coastline">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brean_Down_from_Steepholm_-_geograph.org.uk_-_93827.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Green covered rocky land in expanse of sea. Hills behind." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Brean_Down_from_Steepholm_-_geograph.org.uk_-_93827.jpg/220px-Brean_Down_from_Steepholm_-_geograph.org.uk_-_93827.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Brean_Down_from_Steepholm_-_geograph.org.uk_-_93827.jpg/330px-Brean_Down_from_Steepholm_-_geograph.org.uk_-_93827.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Brean_Down_from_Steepholm_-_geograph.org.uk_-_93827.jpg/440px-Brean_Down_from_Steepholm_-_geograph.org.uk_-_93827.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="398" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Brean_Down" title="Brean Down">Brean Down</a> from Steep Holm</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boats_in_Watchet_Marina_(geograph_3733635).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="small boats lined up in harbour. Crane in the background & metal walkway in the foreground." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Boats_in_Watchet_Marina_%28geograph_3733635%29.jpg/220px-Boats_in_Watchet_Marina_%28geograph_3733635%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Boats_in_Watchet_Marina_%28geograph_3733635%29.jpg/330px-Boats_in_Watchet_Marina_%28geograph_3733635%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Boats_in_Watchet_Marina_%28geograph_3733635%29.jpg/440px-Boats_in_Watchet_Marina_%28geograph_3733635%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>The marina in <a href="/wiki/Watchet" title="Watchet">Watchet</a></figcaption></figure> The 64 km (40 mi) coastline of the <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Channel" title="Bristol Channel">Bristol Channel</a> and Severn Estuary forms part of the northern border of Somerset.<a href="#cite_note-dandsfire-71">[70]</a> The Bristol Channel has the second largest <a href="/wiki/Tidal_range" title="Tidal range">tidal range</a> in the world. At <a href="/wiki/Burnham-on-Sea" title="Burnham-on-Sea">Burnham-on-Sea</a>, for example, the tidal range of a spring tide is more than 12 metres (39 feet).<a href="#cite_note-72">[71]</a> Proposals for the construction of a <a href="/wiki/Severn_Barrage" title="Severn Barrage">Severn Barrage</a> aim to harness this energy. The island of <a href="/wiki/Steep_Holm" title="Steep Holm">Steep Holm</a> in the Bristol Channel is within the ceremonial county and is now administered by North Somerset Council.<a href="#cite_note-73">[72]</a> The main coastal towns are, from the west to the north-east, <a href="/wiki/Minehead" title="Minehead">Minehead</a>, Watchet, Burnham-on-Sea, Weston-super-Mare, <a href="/wiki/Clevedon" title="Clevedon">Clevedon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Portishead,_Somerset" title="Portishead, Somerset">Portishead</a>. The coastal area between Minehead and the eastern extreme of the administrative county's coastline at <a href="/wiki/Brean_Down" title="Brean Down">Brean Down</a> is known as <a href="/wiki/Bridgwater_Bay" title="Bridgwater Bay">Bridgwater Bay</a>, and is a <a href="/wiki/National_nature_reserves_in_England" title="National nature reserves in England">National Nature Reserve</a>.<a href="#cite_note-74">[73]</a> North of that, the coast forms <a href="/wiki/Weston_Bay" title="Weston Bay">Weston Bay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sand_Bay" title="Sand Bay">Sand Bay</a> whose northern tip, <a href="/wiki/Sand_Point_and_Middle_Hope" title="Sand Point and Middle Hope">Sand Point</a>, marks the lower limit of the Severn Estuary.<a href="#cite_note-osgb-75">[74]</a> In the mid and north of the county the coastline is low as the level wetlands of the levels meet the sea. In the west, the coastline is high and dramatic where the <a href="/wiki/Plateau" title="Plateau">plateau</a> of Exmoor meets the sea, with high cliffs and waterfalls.<a href="#cite_note-76">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Climate">edit</a>]</div> Along with the rest of <a href="/wiki/South_West_England" title="South West England">South West England</a>, Somerset has a temperate climate which is generally wetter and milder than the rest of the country.<a href="#cite_note-weather-77">[76]</a> The annual mean temperature is approximately 10 °C (50.0 °F). <a href="/wiki/Temperate_climate" title="Temperate climate">Seasonal temperature variation</a> is less extreme than most of the United Kingdom because of the adjacent sea temperatures. The summer months of July and August are the warmest with mean daily maxima of approximately 21 °C (69.8 °F). In winter mean minimum temperatures of 1 °C (33.8 °F) or 2 °C (35.6 °F) are common.<a href="#cite_note-weather-77">[76]</a> In the summer the <a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a> high pressure affects the south-west of England, but <a href="/wiki/Convection" title="Convection">convective</a> cloud sometimes forms inland, reducing the number of hours of sunshine. Annual sunshine rates are slightly less than the regional average of 1,600 hours.<a href="#cite_note-weather-77">[76]</a> In December 1998 there were 20 days without sun recorded at Yeovilton. Most of the rainfall in the south-west is caused by <a href="/wiki/Low-pressure_area" title="Low-pressure area">Atlantic depressions</a> or by convection. Most of the rainfall in autumn and winter is caused by the Atlantic depressions, which is when they are most active. In summer, a large proportion of the rainfall is caused by sun heating the ground leading to convection and to showers and thunderstorms. Average rainfall is around 700 mm (28 in). About 8–15 days of snowfall is typical. November to March have the highest mean wind speeds, and June to August the lightest winds. The predominant wind direction is from the south-west.<a href="#cite_note-weather-77">[76]</a> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Yeovilton" title="Yeovilton">Yeovilton</a>, England (1981–2010) data </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFE6CD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1 (46.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3 (46.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4AA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6 (51.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.9 (55.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5 (61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3 (66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.7 (71.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.5 (70.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.6 (65.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFB871; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.8 (58.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD1A4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.1 (52.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0 (48.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA76; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">14.4 (57.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFFCFA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.8 (40.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCFA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.8 (40.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFEFE0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.7 (44.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3 (46.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFCD9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7 (53.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5 (58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA55; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.8 (62.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.6 (61.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.1 (57.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.9 (51.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4 (45.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6EE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.7 (42.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">10.2 (50.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.4 (34.5) </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.3 (34.3) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.7 (36.9) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.7 (38.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFEFDF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8 (44.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.7 (49.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC99; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.9 (53.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFCD9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7 (53.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6 (49.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFEEDD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9 (44.4) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6 (38.5) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.4 (36.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">6.0 (42.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #9393FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72.0 (2.83) </td> <td style="background: #A4A4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.6 (2.19) </td> <td style="background: #AAAAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.5 (2.22) </td> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.3 (1.86) </td> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.9 (1.93) </td> <td style="background: #A6A6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.2 (2.25) </td> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.9 (1.93) </td> <td style="background: #AAAAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.6 (2.23) </td> <td style="background: #9B9BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64.5 (2.54) </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.9 (2.67) </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65.8 (2.59) </td> <td style="background: #8282FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83.3 (3.28) </td> <td style="background: #A3A3FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">724.5 (28.52) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days </th> <td style="background: #6464FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.5 </td> <td style="background: #7474FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2 </td> <td style="background: #7878FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.9 </td> <td style="background: #8989FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.2 </td> <td style="background: #9292FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8 </td> <td style="background: #9292FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5 </td> <td style="background: #A9A9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9 </td> <td style="background: #9494FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.6 </td> <td style="background: #7E7EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1 </td> <td style="background: #7373FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.3 </td> <td style="background: #6B6BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6 </td> <td style="background: #6363FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.6 </td> <td style="background: #8080FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">121.2 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #5B5B5B; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">50.2 </td> <td style="background: #8A8A8A; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68.9 </td> <td style="background: #B0B081; color:#000000;" class="notheme">107.6 </td> <td style="background: #C8C800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">155.4 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">193.1 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">186.0 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">205.8 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">197.8 </td> <td style="background: #C1C11C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">139.8 </td> <td style="background: #ADAD93; color:#000000;" class="notheme">101.1 </td> <td style="background: #848484; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70.2 </td> <td style="background: #555555; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">46.8 </td> <td style="background: #BABA46; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,522.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: Met Office<a href="#cite_note-78">[77]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Governance">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Somerset_numbered_districts_2019.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Somerset_numbered_districts_2019.svg/220px-Somerset_numbered_districts_2019.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Somerset_numbered_districts_2019.svg/330px-Somerset_numbered_districts_2019.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Somerset_numbered_districts_2019.svg/440px-Somerset_numbered_districts_2019.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="901" /></a><figcaption>The ceremonial county immediately prior to the 2023 local government restructuring, with South Somerset (1), Somerset West and Taunton (2), Sedgemoor (3) and Mendip (4) as non-metropolitan districts (shown in pink), and just Bath and North East Somerset (5), and North Somerset (6) as unitary authorities (shown in yellow).</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">ceremonial county</a> of Somerset is currently governed by three <a href="/wiki/Unitary_authority" title="Unitary authority">unitary authorities</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bath_and_North_East_Somerset_Council" title="Bath and North East Somerset Council">Bath and North East Somerset Council</a> (B&NES), <a href="/wiki/North_Somerset_Council" title="North Somerset Council">North Somerset Council</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Somerset_Council" title="Somerset Council">Somerset Council</a>.<a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a> B&NES is also part of the <a href="/wiki/West_of_England_Combined_Authority" title="West of England Combined Authority">West of England Combined Authority</a>. Modern local government in Somerset began in 1889, when an <a href="/wiki/Administrative_counties_of_England" title="Administrative counties of England">administrative county</a> was created and <a href="/wiki/Somerset_County_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Somerset County Council">Somerset County Council</a> was established; Bath was administered separately as a <a href="/wiki/County_borough" title="County borough">county borough</a>. In 1974, the county and council were abolished and replaced by two two-tier <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_and_non-metropolitan_counties_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties of England">non-metropolitan counties</a>, Somerset and <a href="/wiki/Avon_(county)" title="Avon (county)">Avon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a> Somerset was governed by a reconstituted county council and five <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_England" title="Districts of England">districts</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mendip_District" title="Mendip District">Mendip</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sedgemoor" title="Sedgemoor">Sedgemoor</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Somerset" title="South Somerset">South Somerset</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taunton_Deane" title="Taunton Deane">Taunton Deane</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Somerset" title="West Somerset">West Somerset</a>. Taunton Deane was granted borough status that same year. Avon consisted of six districts, of which three were created from areas formerly part of Somerset: <a href="/wiki/Woodspring" class="mw-redirect" title="Woodspring">Woodspring</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wansdyke_(district)" title="Wansdyke (district)">Wansdyke</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a>.<a href="#cite_note-81">[80]</a> In 1996, Avon was abolished and its districts were renamed and reorganised into <a href="/wiki/Unitary_authorities_of_England" title="Unitary authorities of England">unitary authorities</a>. Woodspring was renamed 'North Somerset' and Wansydyke and Bath were abolished and a new district covering the same area created, named 'Bath and North East Somerset'.<a href="#cite_note-82">[81]</a> In 1997 the two districts and non-metropolitan county became part of the new ceremonial county of Somerset.<a href="#cite_note-83">[82]</a> On 1 September 2019 the non-metropolitan districts of West Somerset and Taunton Deane merged, with the new district being called <a href="/wiki/Somerset_West_and_Taunton" title="Somerset West and Taunton">Somerset West and Taunton</a>.<a href="#cite_note-bbc29may18-84">[83]</a> In 2023, the non-metropolitan county was reorganised by abolishing the four districts and their councils and reconstituting Somerset County Council as a unitary authority for the non-metropolitan county, with the powers of both a district and county council, renamed <a href="/wiki/Somerset_Council" title="Somerset Council">Somerset Council</a>.<a href="#cite_note-85">[84]</a> The two existing unitary authorities were not altered.<a href="#cite_note-86">[85]</a> A previous attempt to reorganise the county as a unitary authority 2007 was rejected following local opposition.<a href="#cite_note-87">[86]</a> Somerset's local government records date to 1617, longer than those of any other county; a meeting of the Quarter Sessions held at Wells in that year decided that a room should be provided "for the safe keeping of the records of the Sessions".[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="UK_Parliament">UK Parliament</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: UK Parliament">edit</a>]</div> As of 2024<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit">[update]</a>, following the <a href="/wiki/2023_Periodic_Review_of_Westminster_constituencies" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies">2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies</a>, the ceremonial county of Somerset is divided into 11 <a href="/wiki/Constituencies_of_the_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom">parliamentary constituencies</a>, each returning one Member of Parliament (MP) to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a>. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style>  <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">  <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">  <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrat</a> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="1">Constituency </th> <th colspan="2" class="unsortable"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">Member of Parliament</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bath_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Bath (UK Parliament constituency)">Bath</a> </td> <td style="color:inherit;background:#FAA61A">  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wera_Hobhouse" title="Wera Hobhouse">Wera Hobhouse</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bridgwater_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Bridgwater (UK Parliament constituency)">Bridgwater</a> </td> <td style="color:inherit;background:#0087DC">  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ashley_Fox" title="Ashley Fox">Ashley Fox</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frome_and_East_Somerset_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Frome and East Somerset (UK Parliament constituency)">Frome and East Somerset</a> </td> <td style="color:inherit;background:#FAA61A">  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anna_Sabine" title="Anna Sabine">Anna Sabine</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Glastonbury_and_Somerton_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Glastonbury and Somerton (UK Parliament constituency)">Glastonbury and Somerton</a> </td> <td style="color:inherit;background:#FAA61A">  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Dyke" title="Sarah Dyke">Sarah Dyke</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/North_East_Somerset_and_Hanham_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="North East Somerset and Hanham (UK Parliament constituency)">North East Somerset and Hanham</a> (partly in Gloucestershire) </td> <td style="color:inherit;background:#E4003B">  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dan_Norris" title="Dan Norris">Dan Norris</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Somerset_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="North Somerset (UK Parliament constituency)">North Somerset</a> </td> <td style="color:inherit;background:#E4003B">  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sadik_Al-Hassan" title="Sadik Al-Hassan">Sadik Al-Hassan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Taunton_and_Wellington_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Taunton and Wellington (UK Parliament constituency)">Taunton and Wellington</a> </td> <td style="color:inherit;background:#FAA61A">  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gideon_Amos" title="Gideon Amos">Gideon Amos</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tiverton_and_Minehead_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Tiverton and Minehead (UK Parliament constituency)">Tiverton and Minehead</a> (partly in Devon) </td> <td style="color:inherit;background:#FAA61A">  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Gilmour" title="Rachel Gilmour">Rachel Gilmour</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wells_and_Mendip_Hills_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Wells and Mendip Hills (UK Parliament constituency)">Wells and Mendip Hills</a> </td> <td style="color:inherit;background:#FAA61A">  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tessa_Munt" title="Tessa Munt">Tessa Munt</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Weston-super-Mare_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Weston-super-Mare (UK Parliament constituency)">Weston-super-Mare</a> </td> <td style="color:inherit;background:#E4003B">  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dan_Aldridge" title="Dan Aldridge">Dan Aldridge</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yeovil_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Yeovil (UK Parliament constituency)">Yeovil</a> </td> <td style="color:inherit;background:#FAA61A">  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Adam_Dance" title="Adam Dance">Adam Dance</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_Parliament">European Parliament</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: European Parliament">edit</a>]</div> From 1984 to 1994, Somerset was represented by <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Daly" title="Margaret Daly">Margaret Daly</a> as part of the <a href="/wiki/Somerset_and_Dorset_West_(European_Parliament_constituency)" title="Somerset and Dorset West (European Parliament constituency)">Somerset and Dorset West</a> constituency for elections to the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] From 1994 to 1999, Somerset was represented by <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrat</a> <a href="/wiki/Graham_Watson" title="Graham Watson">Graham Watson</a> as part of the <a href="/wiki/Somerset_and_North_Devon_(European_Parliament_constituency)" title="Somerset and North Devon (European Parliament constituency)">Somerset and North Devon</a> constituency for elections to the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] From 1999 to 2020, Somerset was part of the <a href="/wiki/South_West_England_(European_Parliament_constituency)" title="South West England (European Parliament constituency)">South West England</a> constituency for elections to the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a>.<a href="#cite_note-88">[87]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Civil_parishes">Civil parishes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Civil parishes">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_civil_parishes_in_Somerset" title="List of civil parishes in Somerset">List of civil parishes in Somerset</a></div> Almost all of the county is covered by the lowest/most local form of English local government, the <a href="/wiki/Civil_parishes_in_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil parishes in England">civil parish</a>, with either a <a href="/wiki/Parish_councils_in_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Parish councils in England">town or parish council</a> (a city council in the instance of Wells) or a <a href="/wiki/Parish_meeting" title="Parish meeting">parish meeting</a>; some parishes group together, with a single council or meeting for the group. The city of Bath (the area of the former county borough) and much of the town of Taunton are <a href="/wiki/Unparished_area" title="Unparished area">unparished areas</a>.<a href="#cite_note-89">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demography">Demography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Demography">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_settlements_in_Somerset_by_population" title="List of settlements in Somerset by population">List of settlements in Somerset by population</a></div> In the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Census_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom Census 2011">2011 census</a> the population of the <a href="/wiki/Somerset_County_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Somerset County Council">Somerset County Council</a> area was 571,600<a href="#cite_note-:0-91">[90]</a> with 193,400 in <a href="/wiki/Bath_and_North_East_Somerset" title="Bath and North East Somerset">Bath and North East Somerset</a>,<a href="#cite_note-BANESppln-ONS-92">[91]</a> and 216,700 in <a href="/wiki/North_Somerset" title="North Somerset">North Somerset</a><a href="#cite_note-NSppln-ONS-93">[92]</a> giving a total for the ceremonial county of 981,700. <a href="/wiki/Population_growth" title="Population growth">Population growth</a> is higher than the national average, with a 6.4% increase, in the Somerset County Council area, since 1991, and a 17% increase since 1981. The population density is 1.4 persons per hectare, which can be compared to 2.07 persons per hectare for the South West region. Within the county, population density ranges 0.5 in <a href="/wiki/West_Somerset" title="West Somerset">West Somerset</a> to 2.2 persons per hectare in <a href="/wiki/Taunton_Deane" title="Taunton Deane">Taunton Deane</a>. The percentage of the population who are economically active is higher than the regional and national average, and the unemployment rate is lower than the regional and national average.<a href="#cite_note-94">[93]</a> Somerset has a high white British population, with 94.6% registering as <a href="/wiki/White_British" title="White British">white British</a>, and 2.0% as belonging to Black and ethnic minority (BME) groups, according to the <a href="/wiki/2011_UK_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 UK Census">2011 Census</a>.<a href="#cite_note-95">[94]</a> Over 25% of Somerset's population is concentrated in Taunton, Bridgwater and Yeovil. The rest of the county is rural and sparsely populated. Over 9 million tourist nights are spent in Somerset each year, which significantly increases the population at peak times.<a href="#cite_note-dandsfire-71">[70]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Population of Somerset since 1801 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <td>1801 </td> <td>1851 </td> <td>1901 </td> <td>1911 </td> <td>1921 </td> <td>1931 </td> <td>1941 </td> <td>1951 </td> <td>1961 </td> <td>1971 </td> <td>1981 </td> <td>1991 </td> <td>2001 </td> <td>2011 </td> <td>2021 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Somerset CC area<a href="#cite_note-96">[95]</a> </th> <td>187,266 </td> <td>276,684 </td> <td>277,563 </td> <td>280,215 </td> <td>282,411 </td> <td>284,740 </td> <td>305,244 </td> <td>327,505 </td> <td>355,292 </td> <td>385,698 </td> <td>417,450 </td> <td>468,395 </td> <td>498,093 </td> <td>529,972 </td> <td>571,600<a href="#cite_note-:0-91">[90]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>BANES<a href="#cite_note-97">[96]</a> </th> <td>57,188 </td> <td>96,992 </td> <td>107,637 </td> <td>113,732 </td> <td>113,351 </td> <td>112,972 </td> <td>123,185 </td> <td>134,346 </td> <td>144,950 </td> <td>156,421 </td> <td>154,083 </td> <td>164,737 </td> <td>169,045 </td> <td>176,015 </td> <td>193,400<a href="#cite_note-BANESppln-ONS-92">[91]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>North Somerset </th> <td>16,670 </td> <td>33,774 </td> <td>60,066 </td> <td>68,410 </td> <td>75,276 </td> <td>82,833 </td> <td>91,967 </td> <td>102,119 </td> <td>119,509 </td> <td>139,924 </td> <td>160,353 </td> <td>179,865 </td> <td>188,556 </td> <td>202,566 </td> <td>216,700<a href="#cite_note-NSppln-ONS-93">[92]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Total </th> <td>261,124 </td> <td>407,450 </td> <td>445,266 </td> <td>462,357 </td> <td>471,038 </td> <td>479,758 </td> <td>520,396 </td> <td>563,970 </td> <td>619,751 </td> <td>682,043 </td> <td>731,886 </td> <td>812,997 </td> <td>855,694 </td> <td>908,553 </td> <td>981,700 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Somerset" title="Economy of Somerset">Economy of Somerset</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Somerset.dunster.arp.750pix.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A small single-story building with a pyramid shaped roof, to the side of a road lined with buildings. Some private small cars visible. Trees in the distance with the skyline of Dunster Castle." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Somerset.dunster.arp.750pix.jpg/220px-Somerset.dunster.arp.750pix.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Somerset.dunster.arp.750pix.jpg/330px-Somerset.dunster.arp.750pix.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Somerset.dunster.arp.750pix.jpg/440px-Somerset.dunster.arp.750pix.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="536" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Yarn_Market,_Dunster" title="Yarn Market, Dunster">Dunster Yarn Market</a> was built in 1609 for the trading of local cloth.</figcaption></figure> Somerset has few industrial centres, but it does have a variety of light industry and high technology businesses, along with traditional agriculture and an increasingly important tourism sector, resulting in an unemployment rate of 2.5%.<a href="#cite_note-98">[97]</a> Tourism was estimated in 2013 to support around 26,000 people.<a href="#cite_note-99">[98]</a> Bridgwater was developed during the Industrial Revolution as the area's leading port. The River Parrett was navigable by large ships as far as Bridgwater. Cargoes were then loaded onto smaller boats at Langport Quay, next to the Bridgwater Bridge, to be carried further up river to Langport;<a href="#cite_note-lawrence-100">[99]</a> or they could turn off at <a href="/wiki/Burrowbridge" title="Burrowbridge">Burrowbridge</a> and then travel via the River Tone to Taunton.<a href="#cite_note-hadfield-64">[63]</a> The Parrett is now only navigable as far as <a href="/wiki/Dunball" title="Dunball">Dunball</a> Wharf. Bridgwater, in the 19th and 20th centuries, was a centre for the manufacture of bricks and clay roof tiles, and later <a href="/wiki/Cellophane" title="Cellophane">cellophane</a>, but those industries have now stopped.<a href="#cite_note-lawrence-100">[99]</a> With its good links to the motorway system, Bridgwater has developed as a distribution hub for companies such as <a href="/wiki/Argos_(retailer)" title="Argos (retailer)">Argos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toolstation" title="Toolstation">Toolstation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Morrisons" title="Morrisons">Morrisons</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gerber_Products_Company" title="Gerber Products Company">Gerber Juice</a>. <a href="/wiki/AgustaWestland" title="AgustaWestland">AgustaWestland</a> manufactures helicopters in <a href="/wiki/Yeovil" title="Yeovil">Yeovil</a>,<a href="#cite_note-101">[100]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Normalair" title="Normalair">Normalair Garratt</a>, builder of aircraft oxygen systems, is also based in the town.<a href="#cite_note-102">[101]</a> Somerset is an important supplier of defence equipment and technology. A <a href="/wiki/Royal_Ordnance_Factory" title="Royal Ordnance Factory">Royal Ordnance Factory</a>, <a href="/wiki/ROF_Bridgwater" title="ROF Bridgwater">ROF Bridgwater</a> was built at the start of the Second World War, between the villages of <a href="/wiki/Puriton" title="Puriton">Puriton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Woolavington" title="Woolavington">Woolavington</a>,<a href="#cite_note-cocroft-103">[102]</a> to manufacture explosives. The site was decommissioned and closed in July 2008.<a href="#cite_note-104">[103]</a> <a href="/wiki/Templecombe" title="Templecombe">Templecombe</a> has <a href="/wiki/Thales_Underwater_Systems" title="Thales Underwater Systems">Thales Underwater Systems</a>,<a href="#cite_note-105">[104]</a> and Taunton presently has the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Hydrographic_Office" title="United Kingdom Hydrographic Office">United Kingdom Hydrographic Office</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Avimo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avimo (page does not exist)">Avimo</a>, which became part of Thales Optics. It was announced twice, in 2006 and 2007, that manufacturing is to end at Thales Optics' Taunton site,<a href="#cite_note-106">[105]</a> but the trade unions and <a href="/wiki/Taunton_Deane" title="Taunton Deane">Taunton Deane District Council</a> are working to reverse or mitigate these decisions. Other high-technology companies include the optics company Gooch and Housego, at Ilminster. There are <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)">Ministry of Defence</a> offices in Bath, and <a href="/wiki/Norton_Fitzwarren" title="Norton Fitzwarren">Norton Fitzwarren</a> is the home of <a href="/wiki/3_Commando_Brigade" class="mw-redirect" title="3 Commando Brigade">40 Commando Royal Marines</a>. The <a href="/wiki/RNAS_Yeovilton_(HMS_Heron)" title="RNAS Yeovilton (HMS Heron)">Royal Naval Air Station in Yeovilton</a>, is one of Britain's two active <a href="/wiki/Fleet_Air_Arm" title="Fleet Air Arm">Fleet Air Arm</a> bases and is home to the Royal Navy's <a href="/wiki/AgustaWestland_AW159_Wildcat" title="AgustaWestland AW159 Wildcat">AgustaWestland AW159 Wildcat</a> helicopters and the Royal Marines Commando <a href="/wiki/AgustaWestland_AW101" title="AgustaWestland AW101">AgustaWestland AW101</a> Merlins.<a href="#cite_note-107">[106]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cider_apple_orchards_at_Over_Stratton_-_geograph.org.uk_-_10970.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Cider_apple_orchards_at_Over_Stratton_-_geograph.org.uk_-_10970.jpg/220px-Cider_apple_orchards_at_Over_Stratton_-_geograph.org.uk_-_10970.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Cider_apple_orchards_at_Over_Stratton_-_geograph.org.uk_-_10970.jpg/330px-Cider_apple_orchards_at_Over_Stratton_-_geograph.org.uk_-_10970.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Cider_apple_orchards_at_Over_Stratton_-_geograph.org.uk_-_10970.jpg/440px-Cider_apple_orchards_at_Over_Stratton_-_geograph.org.uk_-_10970.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>A traditional cider apple orchard at <a href="/wiki/Over_Stratton" title="Over Stratton">Over Stratton</a>, with sheep grazing</figcaption></figure> Agriculture and food and drink production continue to be major industries in the county, employing over 15,000 people.<a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a> Apple orchards were once plentiful, and Somerset is still a major producer of <a href="/wiki/Cider" title="Cider">cider</a>. The towns of Taunton and <a href="/wiki/Shepton_Mallet" title="Shepton Mallet">Shepton Mallet</a> are involved with the production of cider, especially <a href="/wiki/Blackthorn_Cider" title="Blackthorn Cider">Blackthorn Cider</a>, which is sold nationwide, and there are specialist producers such as <a href="/wiki/Burrow_Hill_Cider_Farm" title="Burrow Hill Cider Farm">Burrow Hill Cider Farm</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thatchers_Cider" title="Thatchers Cider">Thatchers Cider</a>. <a href="/wiki/Gerber_Products_Company" title="Gerber Products Company">Gerber Products Company</a> in Bridgwater is the largest producer of fruit juices in Europe, producing brands such as <a href="/wiki/SunnyD" title="SunnyD">Sunny Delight</a> and Ocean Spray. Development of the milk-based industries, such as <a href="/wiki/Ilchester_Cheese_Company" title="Ilchester Cheese Company">Ilchester Cheese Company</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yeo_Valley_Organic" class="mw-redirect" title="Yeo Valley Organic">Yeo Valley Organic</a>, have resulted in the production of ranges of desserts, <a href="/wiki/Yogurt" title="Yogurt">yoghurts</a> and cheeses.<a href="#cite_note-109">[108]</a> Traditional <a href="/wiki/Willow" title="Willow">willow</a> growing and weaving (such as <a href="/wiki/Basket_weaving" title="Basket weaving">basket weaving</a>) is not as extensive as it used to be but is still carried out on the Somerset Levels and is commemorated at the <a href="/wiki/Willows_and_Wetlands_Visitor_Centre" title="Willows and Wetlands Visitor Centre">Willows and Wetlands Visitor Centre</a>.<a href="#cite_note-110">[109]</a> Fragments of willow basket were found near the <a href="/wiki/Glastonbury_Lake_Village" title="Glastonbury Lake Village">Glastonbury Lake Village</a>, and it was also used in the construction of several Iron Age causeways.<a href="#cite_note-111">[110]</a> The willow was harvested using a traditional method of <a href="/wiki/Pollarding" title="Pollarding">pollarding</a>, where a tree would be cut back to the main stem. During the 1930s more than 3,600 hectares (8,900 acres) of willow were being grown commercially on the Levels. Largely due to the displacement of baskets with plastic bags and cardboard boxes, the industry has severely declined since the 1950s. By the end of the 20th century only about 140 hectares (350 acres) were grown commercially, near the villages of Burrowbridge, Westonzoyland and <a href="/wiki/North_Curry" title="North Curry">North Curry</a>.<a href="#cite_note-robinwilliams-65">[64]</a> Towns such as <a href="/wiki/Castle_Cary" title="Castle Cary">Castle Cary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frome" title="Frome">Frome</a> grew around the medieval <a href="/wiki/Weaving" title="Weaving">weaving</a> industry. <a href="/wiki/Street,_Somerset" title="Street, Somerset">Street</a> developed as a centre for the production of woollen slippers and, later, boots and shoes, with <a href="/wiki/C%26J_Clark" class="mw-redirect" title="C&J Clark">C&J Clark</a> establishing its headquarters in the village. C&J Clark's shoes are no longer manufactured there as the work was transferred to lower-wage areas, such as China and Asia.<a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Whatleyquarry.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Large expanse of exposed grey rock. Fence in the foreground." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Whatleyquarry.jpg/220px-Whatleyquarry.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Whatleyquarry.jpg/330px-Whatleyquarry.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Whatleyquarry.jpg/440px-Whatleyquarry.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Stone quarries are still a major employer in Somerset</figcaption></figure> The county has a long tradition of supplying <a href="/wiki/Freestone_(masonry)" title="Freestone (masonry)">freestone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Category:Building_stone" title="Category:Building stone">building stone</a>. Quarries at <a href="/wiki/Doulting" title="Doulting">Doulting</a> supplied freestone used in the construction of <a href="/wiki/Wells_Cathedral" title="Wells Cathedral">Wells Cathedral</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bath_stone" title="Bath stone">Bath stone</a> is also widely used. <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Allen" title="Ralph Allen">Ralph Allen</a> promoted its use in the early 18th century, as did <a href="/wiki/Hans_Price" title="Hans Price">Hans Price</a> in the 19th century, but it was used long before then. It was mined underground at <a href="/wiki/Combe_Down_and_Bathampton_Down_Mines" title="Combe Down and Bathampton Down Mines">Combe Down and Bathampton Down Mines</a>, and as a result of cutting the <a href="/wiki/Box_Tunnel" title="Box Tunnel">Box Tunnel</a>, at locations in Wiltshire such as <a href="/wiki/Box,_Wiltshire" title="Box, Wiltshire">Box</a>.<a href="#cite_note-hudson-113">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-bezzant-114">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-perkins-115">[114]</a> Bath stone is still used on a reduced scale today, but more often as a <a href="/wiki/Cladding_(construction)" title="Cladding (construction)">cladding</a> rather than a structural material.<a href="#cite_note-hudson-113">[112]</a> Further south, <a href="/wiki/Hamstone" title="Hamstone">Hamstone</a> is the colloquial name given to stone from Ham Hill, which is also widely used in the construction industry. <a href="/wiki/Blue_Lias" title="Blue Lias">Blue Lias</a> has been used locally as a building stone and as a raw material for <a href="/wiki/Lime_mortar" title="Lime mortar">lime mortar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Portland_cement" title="Portland cement">Portland cement</a>. Until the 1960s, Puriton had Blue Lias stone quarries, as did several other Polden villages. Its quarries also supplied a cement factory at Dunball, adjacent to the <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Sedgemoor_Drain" title="King's Sedgemoor Drain">King's Sedgemoor Drain</a>. Its derelict, early 20th century remains, was removed when the <a href="/wiki/M5_motorway" title="M5 motorway">M5 motorway</a> was constructed in the mid-1970s.<a href="#cite_note-image-116">[115]</a> Since the 1920s, the county has supplied <a href="/wiki/Construction_aggregate" title="Construction aggregate">aggregates</a>. <a href="/wiki/Foster_Yeoman" title="Foster Yeoman">Foster Yeoman</a> is Europe's large supplier of limestone aggregates, with quarries at <a href="/wiki/Torr_Works" title="Torr Works">Merehead Quarry</a>. It has a dedicated railway operation, <a href="/wiki/Mendip_Rail" title="Mendip Rail">Mendip Rail</a>, which is used to transport aggregates by rail from a group of <a href="/wiki/Quarries_of_the_Mendip_Hills" title="Quarries of the Mendip Hills">Mendip quarries</a>.<a href="#cite_note-shannon-117">[116]</a> In November 2008, a public sector inward investment organisation was launched, called <a href="/wiki/Into_Somerset" title="Into Somerset">Into Somerset</a>,<a href="#cite_note-118">[117]</a> with the intention of growing the county's economy by promoting it to businesses that may wish to relocate from other parts of the UK (especially London) and the world. This now part of the Heart of the South West Growth Hub.<a href="#cite_note-119">[118]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nuclear_electricity">Nuclear electricity</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Nuclear electricity">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Hinkley_Point_C_nuclear_power_station" title="Hinkley Point C nuclear power station">Hinkley Point C nuclear power station</a> is a project to construct a 3,200 MW two reactor <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power" title="Nuclear power">nuclear power</a> station.<a href="#cite_note-ITV.com_report;_21_October_2013-120">[119]</a> On 18 October 2010, the British government announced that <a href="/wiki/Hinkley_Point" title="Hinkley Point">Hinkley Point</a> – already the site of the disused <a href="/wiki/Hinkley_Point_A_nuclear_power_station" title="Hinkley Point A nuclear power station">Hinkley Point A</a> and (operational at the time) <a href="/wiki/Hinkley_Point_B_Nuclear_Power_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinkley Point B Nuclear Power Station">Hinkley Point B</a> power stations – was one of the eight sites it considered suitable for future nuclear power stations.<a href="#cite_note-121">[120]</a> <a href="/wiki/NNB_Generation_Company" title="NNB Generation Company">NNB Generation Company</a>, a subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/%C3%89lectricit%C3%A9_de_France" title="Électricité de France">EDF</a>, submitted an application for development consent to the <a href="/wiki/Infrastructure_Planning_Commission" title="Infrastructure Planning Commission">Infrastructure Planning Commission</a> on 31 October 2011.<a href="#cite_note-122">[121]</a> A protest group, Stop Hinkley, was formed to campaign for the closure of Hinkley Point B and oppose any expansion at the Hinkley Point site. In December 2013, the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> opened an investigation to assess whether the project breaks state-aid rules.<a href="#cite_note-European_Commission-123">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-wnn-20131218-124">[123]</a> On 8 October 2014 it was announced that the European Commission has approved the project, with an overwhelming majority and only four commissioners voting against the decision.<a href="#cite_note-October_decision-125">[124]</a> Construction is underway and is projected to be completed in 2025.<a href="#cite_note-126">[125]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Emergency_services">Emergency services</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Emergency services">edit</a>]</div> All of the ceremonial county of Somerset is covered by the <a href="/wiki/Avon_and_Somerset_Police" title="Avon and Somerset Police">Avon and Somerset Police</a>, a police force which also covers Bristol and South Gloucestershire.<a href="#cite_note-127">[126]</a> The police force is governed by the elected <a href="/wiki/Avon_and_Somerset_Police_and_Crime_Commissioner" title="Avon and Somerset Police and Crime Commissioner">Avon and Somerset Police and Crime Commissioner</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Devon_and_Somerset_Fire_and_Rescue_Service" title="Devon and Somerset Fire and Rescue Service">Devon and Somerset Fire and Rescue Service</a> covers the area of Somerset County Council as well as the entire ceremonial county of Devon.<a href="#cite_note-128">[127]</a> The unitary districts of North Somerset and Bath & North East Somerset are instead covered by the <a href="/wiki/Avon_Fire_and_Rescue_Service" title="Avon Fire and Rescue Service">Avon Fire and Rescue Service</a>, a service which also covers Bristol and South Gloucestershire. The <a href="/wiki/South_Western_Ambulance_Service" title="South Western Ambulance Service">South Western Ambulance Service</a> covers the entire South West of England, including all of Somerset.<a href="#cite_note-129">[128]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Dorset_and_Somerset_Air_Ambulance" title="Dorset and Somerset Air Ambulance">Dorset and Somerset Air Ambulance</a> is a charitable organisation based in the county.<a href="#cite_note-130">[129]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Culture">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Somerset" title="Culture of Somerset">Culture of Somerset</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cathedrale_de_wells_front_ouest.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Large ornate grey stone facade of a building. Symmetrical with towers either side." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Cathedrale_de_wells_front_ouest.JPG/220px-Cathedrale_de_wells_front_ouest.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Cathedrale_de_wells_front_ouest.JPG/330px-Cathedrale_de_wells_front_ouest.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Cathedrale_de_wells_front_ouest.JPG/440px-Cathedrale_de_wells_front_ouest.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>The west front of Wells Cathedral</figcaption></figure> In <a href="/wiki/Matter_of_Britain" title="Matter of Britain">Arthurian legend</a>, <a href="/wiki/Avalon" title="Avalon">Avalon</a> became associated with <a href="/wiki/Glastonbury_Tor" title="Glastonbury Tor">Glastonbury Tor</a> when monks at Glastonbury Abbey claimed to have discovered the bones of King Arthur and his queen.<a href="#cite_note-131">[130]</a> What is more certain is that Glastonbury was an important religious centre by 700 and claims to be "the oldest above-ground Christian church in the World"<a href="#cite_note-glastabbey-132">[131]</a> situated "in the mystical land of Avalon". The claim is based on dating the founding of the community of monks at AD 63, the year of the legendary visit of Joseph of Arimathea, who was supposed to have brought the Holy Grail.<a href="#cite_note-glastabbey-132">[131]</a> During the Middle Ages there were also important religious sites at <a href="/wiki/Woodspring_Priory" title="Woodspring Priory">Woodspring Priory</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muchelney_Abbey" title="Muchelney Abbey">Muchelney Abbey</a>. The present <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Bath_and_Wells" title="Diocese of Bath and Wells">Diocese of Bath and Wells</a> covers Somerset – with the exception of the Parish of <a href="/wiki/Abbots_Leigh" title="Abbots Leigh">Abbots Leigh</a> with Leigh Woods in North Somerset – and a small area of Dorset. The <a href="/wiki/Cathedra" title="Cathedra">Episcopal seat</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Bath_and_Wells" title="Bishop of Bath and Wells">Bishop of Bath and Wells</a> is now in the Cathedral Church of Saint Andrew in the city of Wells, having previously been at <a href="/wiki/Bath_Abbey" title="Bath Abbey">Bath Abbey</a>. Before the <a href="/wiki/English_Reformation" title="English Reformation">English Reformation</a>, it was a Roman Catholic diocese; the county now falls within the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Clifton" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Clifton">Roman Catholic Diocese of Clifton</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Benedict" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Saint Benedict">Benedictine</a> monastery Saint Gregory's Abbey, commonly known as <a href="/wiki/Downside_Abbey" title="Downside Abbey">Downside Abbey</a>, is at <a href="/wiki/Stratton-on-the-Fosse" title="Stratton-on-the-Fosse">Stratton-on-the-Fosse</a>, and the ruins of the former <a href="/wiki/Cistercians" title="Cistercians">Cistercian</a> <a href="/wiki/Cleeve_Abbey" title="Cleeve Abbey">Cleeve Abbey</a> are near the village of <a href="/wiki/Washford" title="Washford">Washford</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Somerset has traditions of art, music and literature. <a href="/wiki/William_Wordsworth" title="William Wordsworth">Wordsworth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Coleridge</a> wrote while staying in <a href="/wiki/Coleridge_Cottage" title="Coleridge Cottage">Coleridge Cottage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nether_Stowey" title="Nether Stowey">Nether Stowey</a>.<a href="#cite_note-webbio-133">[132]</a> The novelist <a href="/wiki/John_Cowper_Powys" title="John Cowper Powys">John Cowper Powys</a> (1872–1963) lived in the Somerset village of <a href="/wiki/Montacute" title="Montacute">Montacute</a> from 1885 until 1894 and his novels Wood and Stone (1915) and <a href="/wiki/A_Glastonbury_Romance" title="A Glastonbury Romance">A Glastonbury Romance</a> (1932) are set in Somerset. The writer <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Waugh" title="Evelyn Waugh">Evelyn Waugh</a> spent his last years in the village of <a href="/wiki/Combe_Florey" title="Combe Florey">Combe Florey</a>.<a href="#cite_note-134">[133]</a><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tyntesfield_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Yellow stone ornate facade of building with lower arched front to the left. In the foreground could flowers in formal garden." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Tyntesfield_1.jpg/170px-Tyntesfield_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Tyntesfield_1.jpg/255px-Tyntesfield_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Tyntesfield_1.jpg/340px-Tyntesfield_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="477" data-file-height="621" /></a><figcaption>Tyntesfield</figcaption></figure>Traditional folk music, both song and dance, was important in the agricultural communities. Somerset songs were collected by <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Sharp" title="Cecil Sharp">Cecil Sharp</a> and incorporated into works such as <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Holst" title="Gustav Holst">Holst's</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Somerset_Rhapsody&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A Somerset Rhapsody (page does not exist)">A Somerset Rhapsody</a>. <a href="/wiki/Halsway_Manor" title="Halsway Manor">Halsway Manor</a> near <a href="/wiki/Williton" title="Williton">Williton</a> is an international centre for folk music. The tradition continues today with groups such as <a href="/wiki/The_Wurzels" title="The Wurzels">The Wurzels</a> specialising in <a href="/wiki/Scrumpy_and_Western" title="Scrumpy and Western">Scrumpy and Western</a> music.<a href="#cite_note-135">[134]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Glastonbury_Festival" title="Glastonbury Festival">Glastonbury Festival of Contemporary Performing Arts</a> takes place most years in Pilton, near Shepton Mallet, attracting over 170,000 music and culture lovers from around the world to see world-famous entertainers.<a href="#cite_note-136">[135]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Big_Green_Gathering" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Green Gathering">Big Green Gathering</a> which grew out of the Green fields at the Glastonbury Festival is held in the Mendip Hills between <a href="/wiki/Charterhouse,_Somerset" title="Charterhouse, Somerset">Charterhouse</a> and <a href="/wiki/Compton_Martin" title="Compton Martin">Compton Martin</a> each summer.<a href="#cite_note-137">[136]</a> The annual <a href="/wiki/Bath_Literature_Festival" title="Bath Literature Festival">Bath Literature Festival</a> is one of several local festivals in the county; others include the <a href="/wiki/Frome_Festival" title="Frome Festival">Frome Festival</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Trowbridge_Village_Pump_Festival" title="Trowbridge Village Pump Festival">Trowbridge Village Pump Festival</a>, which, despite its name, is held at <a href="/wiki/Farleigh_Hungerford" title="Farleigh Hungerford">Farleigh Hungerford</a> in Somerset. The annual circuit of <a href="/wiki/West_Country_Carnival" title="West Country Carnival">West Country Carnivals</a> is held in a variety of Somerset towns during the autumn, forming a major regional festival, and the largest Festival of Lights in Europe.<a href="#cite_note-138">[137]</a> The county has several museums; those at Bath include the <a href="/wiki/American_Museum_in_Britain" class="mw-redirect" title="American Museum in Britain">American Museum in Britain</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Bath_Architecture" title="Museum of Bath Architecture">Museum of Bath Architecture</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Herschel_Museum_of_Astronomy" title="Herschel Museum of Astronomy">Herschel Museum of Astronomy</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Jane_Austen_Centre" title="Jane Austen Centre">Jane Austen Centre</a>, and the Roman Baths. Other visitor attractions which reflect the cultural heritage of the county include: <a href="/wiki/Claverton_Pumping_Station" title="Claverton Pumping Station">Claverton Pumping Station</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dunster_Working_Watermill" title="Dunster Working Watermill">Dunster Working Watermill</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Fleet_Air_Arm_Museum" title="Fleet Air Arm Museum">Fleet Air Arm Museum</a> at Yeovilton, <a href="/wiki/Nunney_Castle" title="Nunney Castle">Nunney Castle</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Helicopter_Museum" title="The Helicopter Museum">The Helicopter Museum</a> in Weston-super-Mare, <a href="/wiki/King_John%27s_Hunting_Lodge,_Axbridge" title="King John's Hunting Lodge, Axbridge">King John's Hunting Lodge</a> in <a href="/wiki/Axbridge" title="Axbridge">Axbridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blake_Museum" title="Blake Museum">Blake Museum</a> Bridgwater, Radstock Museum, <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Somerset" title="Museum of Somerset">Museum of Somerset</a> in Taunton, the <a href="/wiki/Somerset_Rural_Life_Museum" title="Somerset Rural Life Museum">Somerset Rural Life Museum</a> in Glastonbury, and <a href="/wiki/Westonzoyland_Pumping_Station_Museum" title="Westonzoyland Pumping Station Museum">Westonzoyland Pumping Station Museum</a>. Somerset has 11,500 <a href="/wiki/Listed_building" title="Listed building">listed buildings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scheduled_monuments_in_Somerset" title="Scheduled monuments in Somerset">523 scheduled monuments</a>, 192 <a href="/wiki/Protected_area" title="Protected area">conservation areas</a>,<a href="#cite_note-139">[138]</a> 41 parks and gardens including those at <a href="/wiki/Barrington_Court" title="Barrington Court">Barrington Court</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holnicote_Estate" title="Holnicote Estate">Holnicote Estate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prior_Park_Landscape_Garden" title="Prior Park Landscape Garden">Prior Park Landscape Garden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tintinhull_Garden" title="Tintinhull Garden">Tintinhull Garden</a>, 36 <a href="/wiki/English_Heritage" title="English Heritage">English Heritage</a> sites and 19 <a href="/wiki/National_Trust_for_Places_of_Historic_Interest_or_Natural_Beauty" class="mw-redirect" title="National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty">National Trust</a> sites,<a href="#cite_note-rajan-28">[27]</a> including <a href="/wiki/Clevedon_Court" title="Clevedon Court">Clevedon Court</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fyne_Court" title="Fyne Court">Fyne Court</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montacute_House" title="Montacute House">Montacute House</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tyntesfield" title="Tyntesfield">Tyntesfield</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Stembridge_Mill,_High_Ham" title="Stembridge Mill, High Ham">Stembridge Tower Mill</a>, the last remaining thatched windmill in England.<a href="#cite_note-rajan-28">[27]</a> Other historic houses in the county which have remained in private ownership or used for other purposes include <a href="/wiki/Halswell_House" title="Halswell House">Halswell House</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marston_Bigot" title="Marston Bigot">Marston Bigot</a>. A key contribution of Somerset architecture is its <a href="/wiki/Somerset_towers" title="Somerset towers">medieval church towers</a>. Jenkins writes, "These structures, with their buttresses, bell-opening tracery and crowns, rank with Nottinghamshire alabaster as England's finest contribution to medieval art."<a href="#cite_note-140">[139]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Somerset_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Somerset_Flag.svg/220px-Somerset_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Somerset_Flag.svg/330px-Somerset_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Somerset_Flag.svg/440px-Somerset_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1800" /></a><figcaption>The flag designed to represent the historic county of Somerset in 2013</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Bath_Rugby" title="Bath Rugby">Bath Rugby</a> play at the <a href="/wiki/Recreation_Ground_(Bath)" class="mw-redirect" title="Recreation Ground (Bath)">Recreation Ground</a> in Bath, and the <a href="/wiki/Somerset_County_Cricket_Club" title="Somerset County Cricket Club">Somerset County Cricket Club</a> are based at the <a href="/wiki/County_Ground,_Taunton" title="County Ground, Taunton">County Ground</a> in Taunton. The county's highest ranked football club is <a href="/wiki/Yeovil_Town_F.C." title="Yeovil Town F.C.">Yeovil Town</a>, currently playing in the <a href="/wiki/National_League_(division)" title="National League (division)">National League</a>. <a href="/wiki/Thoroughbred_horse_racing" class="mw-redirect" title="Thoroughbred horse racing">Horse racing</a> courses are at <a href="/wiki/Taunton_Racecourse" title="Taunton Racecourse">Taunton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bath_Racecourse" title="Bath Racecourse">Bath</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wincanton_Racecourse" title="Wincanton Racecourse">Wincanton</a>. The county is served by the regional <a href="/wiki/Western_Daily_Press" title="Western Daily Press">Western Daily Press</a> and local newspapers including the <a href="/wiki/Weston_%26_Somerset_Mercury" class="mw-redirect" title="Weston & Somerset Mercury">Weston & Somerset Mercury</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Bath_Chronicle" title="Bath Chronicle">Bath Chronicle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chew_Valley_Gazette" title="Chew Valley Gazette">Chew Valley Gazette</a>, <a href="/wiki/Somerset_County_Gazette" title="Somerset County Gazette">Somerset County Gazette</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clevedon_Mercury" title="Clevedon Mercury">Clevedon Mercury</a> <a href="/wiki/Mendip_Times" title="Mendip Times">Mendip Times</a>, and the West Somerset Free Press. Television is provided by <a href="/wiki/BBC_West" title="BBC West">BBC West</a> and <a href="/wiki/ITV_West_Country" title="ITV West Country">ITV West Country</a>,<a href="#cite_note-141">[140]</a> while southwestern parts of the county can receive <a href="/wiki/BBC_South_West" title="BBC South West">BBC South West</a>. Local radio stations are <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_Somerset" title="BBC Radio Somerset">BBC Radio Somerset</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_Bristol" title="BBC Radio Bristol">BBC Radio Bristol</a> (in northern parts of the county), <a href="/wiki/Heart_West" title="Heart West">Heart West</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Greatest_Hits_Radio_South_West" title="Greatest Hits Radio South West">Greatest Hits Radio South West</a> in Yeovil. A <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Somerset" title="Flag of Somerset">flag representing the historic county of Somerset</a> was registered with the <a href="/wiki/Flag_Institute" title="Flag Institute">Flag Institute</a> following a competition in July 2013.<a href="#cite_note-142">[141]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Transport">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Somerset" title="Transport in Somerset">Transport in Somerset</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bristol_airport_overview.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Bristol_airport_overview.jpg/220px-Bristol_airport_overview.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Bristol_airport_overview.jpg/330px-Bristol_airport_overview.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Bristol_airport_overview.jpg/440px-Bristol_airport_overview.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="534" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Airport" title="Bristol Airport">Bristol Airport</a>, which is located in North Somerset</figcaption></figure> Somerset has 6,531 km (4,058 mi) of roads. The main arterial routes, which include the M5 motorway, <a href="/wiki/A303_road" title="A303 road">A303</a>, <a href="/wiki/A37_road" title="A37 road">A37</a>, <a href="/wiki/A38_road" title="A38 road">A38</a>, <a href="/wiki/A39_road" title="A39 road">A39</a>, A358 and A361 give good access across the county, but many areas can only be accessed via narrow <a href="/wiki/Country_lane" title="Country lane">country lanes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-dandsfire-71">[70]</a> Rail services are provided by the <a href="/wiki/West_of_England_Main_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="West of England Main Line">West of England Main Line</a> through <a href="/wiki/Yeovil_Junction_railway_station" title="Yeovil Junction railway station">Yeovil Junction</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Bristol_to_Exeter_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Bristol to Exeter line">Bristol to Exeter line</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heart_of_Wessex_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Heart of Wessex line">Heart of Wessex line</a> which runs from <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Temple_Meads_railway_station" title="Bristol Temple Meads railway station">Bristol Temple Meads</a> to <a href="/wiki/Weymouth_railway_station" title="Weymouth railway station">Weymouth</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Reading_to_Taunton_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Reading to Taunton line">Reading to Taunton line</a>. The main train operator in Somerset is <a href="/wiki/Great_Western_Railway_(train_operating_company)" title="Great Western Railway (train operating company)">Great Western Railway</a>, with other services operated by <a href="/wiki/South_Western_Railway_(train_operating_company)" class="mw-redirect" title="South Western Railway (train operating company)">South Western Railway</a> and <a href="/wiki/CrossCountry" title="CrossCountry">CrossCountry</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Airport" title="Bristol Airport">Bristol Airport</a>, located in North Somerset, provides national and international air services. The <a href="/wiki/Somerset_Coal_Canal" title="Somerset Coal Canal">Somerset Coal Canal</a> was built in the early 19th century to reduce the cost of transportation of coal and other heavy produce.<a href="#cite_note-hadfield-64">[63]</a> The first 16 kilometres (10 mi), running from a junction with the <a href="/wiki/Kennet_%26_Avon_Canal" class="mw-redirect" title="Kennet & Avon Canal">Kennet & Avon Canal</a>, along the <a href="/wiki/Cam_Brook#Cam_Valley" title="Cam Brook">Cam valley</a>, to a terminal basin at <a href="/wiki/Paulton" title="Paulton">Paulton</a>, were in use by 1805, together with several tramways. A planned 11.7 km (7.3 mi) branch to Midford was never built, but in 1815 a tramway was laid along its towing path. In 1871 the tramway was purchased by the <a href="/wiki/Somerset_%26_Dorset_Joint_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Somerset & Dorset Joint Railway">Somerset & Dorset Joint Railway</a> (S&DJR),<a href="#cite_note-143">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-athill-144">[143]</a> and operated until the 1950s. The 19th century saw improvements to Somerset's roads with the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Turnpike_trusts" class="mw-redirect" title="Turnpike trusts">turnpikes</a>, and the building of canals and railways. Nineteenth-century canals included the <a href="/wiki/Bridgwater_%26_Taunton_Canal" class="mw-redirect" title="Bridgwater & Taunton Canal">Bridgwater & Taunton Canal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Westport_Canal" title="Westport Canal">Westport Canal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glastonbury_Canal" title="Glastonbury Canal">Glastonbury Canal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chard_Canal" title="Chard Canal">Chard Canal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Dunning-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-hadfield-64">[63]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Dorset_%26_Somerset_Canal" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorset & Somerset Canal">Dorset & Somerset Canal</a> was proposed, but little of it was ever constructed and it was abandoned in 1803.<a href="#cite_note-hadfield-64">[63]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blue_Anchor_-_70021_(aka_70000)_down_South_Wales_Pullman.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Blue_Anchor_-_70021_%28aka_70000%29_down_South_Wales_Pullman.JPG/220px-Blue_Anchor_-_70021_%28aka_70000%29_down_South_Wales_Pullman.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Blue_Anchor_-_70021_%28aka_70000%29_down_South_Wales_Pullman.JPG/330px-Blue_Anchor_-_70021_%28aka_70000%29_down_South_Wales_Pullman.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Blue_Anchor_-_70021_%28aka_70000%29_down_South_Wales_Pullman.JPG/440px-Blue_Anchor_-_70021_%28aka_70000%29_down_South_Wales_Pullman.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1366" data-file-height="820" /></a><figcaption>A steam locomotive and carriages, on the <a href="/wiki/West_Somerset_Railway" title="West Somerset Railway">West Somerset Railway</a>, a heritage line of notable length, in spring 2015</figcaption></figure> The usefulness of the canals was short-lived, though some have now been restored for recreation. The 19th century also saw the construction of railways to and through Somerset. The county was served by five <a href="/wiki/Railways_Act_1921" title="Railways Act 1921">pre-1923 Grouping</a> railway companies: the <a href="/wiki/Great_Western_Railway" title="Great Western Railway">Great Western Railway</a> (GWR);<a href="#cite_note-145">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-thomas-146">[145]</a> a branch of the <a href="/wiki/Midland_Railway" title="Midland Railway">Midland Railway</a> (MR) to <a href="/wiki/Bath_Green_Park_railway_station" title="Bath Green Park railway station">Bath Green Park</a> (and another one to Bristol);<a href="#cite_note-smith-147">[146]</a> the S&DJR,<a href="#cite_note-thomas-146">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-awdry-237-148">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-casserley-149">[148]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/London_%26_South_Western_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="London & South Western Railway">London & South Western Railway</a> (L&SWR).<a href="#cite_note-thomas-146">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-williams1-150">[149]</a> The former main lines of the GWR are still in use today, although many of its branch lines were scrapped as part of the <a href="/wiki/Beeching_cuts" title="Beeching cuts">Beeching cuts</a>. The former lines of the S&DJR closed completely,<a href="#cite_note-atthill-151">[150]</a> as has the branch of the Midland Railway to Bath Green Park (and to <a href="/wiki/Bristol_St_Philip%27s_railway_station" title="Bristol St Philip's railway station">Bristol St Philips</a>). The L&SWR survived as a part of the present West of England Main Line. None of these lines, in Somerset, are <a href="/wiki/Railway_electrification_in_Great_Britain" title="Railway electrification in Great Britain">electrified</a>. Two branch lines, the West and <a href="/wiki/East_Somerset_Railway" title="East Somerset Railway">East Somerset Railways</a>, were rescued and transferred back to private ownership as "heritage" lines. The fifth railway was a short-lived light railway, the <a href="/wiki/Weston,_Clevedon_%26_Portishead_Light_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Weston, Clevedon & Portishead Light Railway">Weston, Clevedon & Portishead Light Railway</a>. The <a href="/wiki/West_Somerset_Mineral_Railway" title="West Somerset Mineral Railway">West Somerset Mineral Railway</a> carried the iron ore from the Brendon Hills to Watchet.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Until the 1960s the piers at Weston-super-Mare, Clevedon, Portishead and Minehead were served by the <a href="/wiki/Paddle_steamer" title="Paddle steamer">paddle steamers</a> of <a href="/wiki/P_%26_A_Campbell" title="P & A Campbell">P & A Campbell</a> who ran regular services to <a href="/wiki/Barry,_Vale_of_Glamorgan" title="Barry, Vale of Glamorgan">Barry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Ilfracombe" title="Ilfracombe">Ilfracombe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lundy" title="Lundy">Lundy Island</a>. The original stone pier at Burnham-on-Sea was used for commercial goods, one of the reasons for the S&DJR was to provide a link between the Bristol Channel and the <a href="/wiki/English_Channel" title="English Channel">English Channel</a>. The newer concrete pier at Burnham-on-Sea is claimed to be the shortest pier in Britain.<a href="#cite_note-handley-152">[151]</a> In the 1970s the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Portbury_Dock" title="Royal Portbury Dock">Royal Portbury Dock</a> was constructed to provide extra capacity for the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Bristol" title="Port of Bristol">Port of Bristol</a>. For long-distance holiday traffic travelling through the county to and from Devon and Cornwall, Somerset is often regarded as a marker on the journey. North–south traffic moves through the county via the M5 motorway.<a href="#cite_note-charlesworth-153">[152]</a> Traffic to and from the east travels either via the A303 road, or the M4 motorway, which runs east–west, crossing the M5 motorway just beyond the northern limits of the county.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Somerset" title="List of schools in Somerset">List of schools in Somerset</a></div> <a href="/wiki/State_school" title="State school">State schools</a> in Somerset are provided by three <a href="/wiki/Local_education_authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Local education authority">local education authorities</a>: Bath and North East Somerset, North Somerset, and the larger Somerset County Council. All state schools are comprehensive. In some areas primary, <a href="/wiki/Infant_school" title="Infant school">infant</a> and <a href="/wiki/Junior_school" title="Junior school">junior</a> schools cater for ages four to eleven, after which the pupils move on to secondary schools. There is a <a href="/wiki/Three-tier_education" title="Three-tier education">three-tier system</a> of <a href="/wiki/First_school" class="mw-redirect" title="First school">first</a>, <a href="/wiki/Middle_school" title="Middle school">middle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Upper_school" title="Upper school">upper</a> schools in the Cheddar Valley,<a href="#cite_note-154">[153]</a> and in West Somerset, while most other schools in the county use the two-tier system.<a href="#cite_note-155">[154]</a> Somerset has 30 state and 17 independent secondary schools;<a href="#cite_note-somschools-156">[155]</a> Bath and North East Somerset has 13 state and 5 independent secondary schools;<a href="#cite_note-157">[156]</a> and North Somerset has 10 state and 2 independent secondary schools, excluding <a href="/wiki/Sixth_form_college" title="Sixth form college">sixth form colleges</a>.<a href="#cite_note-158">[157]</a> <table class="wikitable floatright" style="margin-left: 1em; width: 30em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">% of pupils gaining 5 grades A-C including English and Maths in 2006 (average for England is 45.8%) </th></tr> <tr> <th>Education Authority</th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <td>Bath and North East Somerset (Unitary Authority)</td> <td>52.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td>West Somerset</td> <td>51.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Taunton Deane</td> <td>49.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mendip</td> <td>47.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td>North Somerset (Unitary Authority)</td> <td>47.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>South Somerset</td> <td>42.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sedgemoor</td> <td>41.4% </td></tr></tbody></table> Some of the county's secondary schools have <a href="/wiki/Specialist_schools_programme" title="Specialist schools programme">specialist school</a> status. Some schools have sixth forms and others transfer their sixth formers to colleges. Several schools can trace their origins back many years, such as <a href="/wiki/The_Blue_School,_Wells" title="The Blue School, Wells">The Blue School</a> in Wells and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Huish_College,_Taunton" title="Richard Huish College, Taunton">Richard Huish College</a> in Taunton.<a href="#cite_note-159">[158]</a> Others have changed their names over the years such as <a href="/wiki/Beechen_Cliff_School" title="Beechen Cliff School">Beechen Cliff School</a> which was started in 1905 as the City of Bath Boys' School and changed to its present name in 1972 when the <a href="/wiki/Grammar_school" title="Grammar school">grammar school</a> was amalgamated with a local <a href="/wiki/Secondary_modern_school" title="Secondary modern school">secondary modern school</a>, to form a <a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_school" title="Comprehensive school">comprehensive school</a>. Many others were established and built since the Second World War. In 2006, 5,900 pupils in Somerset sat <a href="/wiki/General_Certificate_of_Secondary_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="General Certificate of Secondary Education">GCSE</a> examinations, with 44.5% achieving 5 grades A-C including English and Maths (compared to 45.8% for England). <a href="/wiki/Sexey%27s_School" title="Sexey's School">Sexey's School</a> is a state <a href="/wiki/Boarding_school" title="Boarding school">boarding school</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bruton" title="Bruton">Bruton</a> that also takes day pupils from the surrounding area.<a href="#cite_note-sexeyshistory-160">[159]</a> The Somerset LEA also provides <a href="/wiki/Special_education#Special_schools" title="Special education">special schools</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Newbury_Manor_School" title="Newbury Manor School">Newbury Manor School</a>, which caters for children aged between 10 and 17 with <a href="/wiki/Special_education_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special education in the United Kingdom">special educational needs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-161">[160]</a> Provision for pupils with special educational needs is also made by the mainstream schools. There is also a range of <a href="/wiki/Private_schools_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Private schools in the United Kingdom">private</a> or <a href="/wiki/Public_school_(United_Kingdom)" title="Public school (United Kingdom)">public schools</a>. Many of these are for pupils between 11 and 18 years, such as <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College,_Taunton" title="King's College, Taunton">King's College, Taunton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wellington_School,_Somerset" title="Wellington School, Somerset">Wellington School, Somerset</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taunton_School" title="Taunton School">Taunton School</a>. <a href="/wiki/King%27s_School,_Bruton" title="King's School, Bruton">King's School, Bruton</a>, was founded in 1519 and received royal foundation status around 30 years later in the reign of <a href="/wiki/Edward_VI_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward VI of England">Edward VI</a>. <a href="/wiki/Millfield" title="Millfield">Millfield</a> is the largest <a href="/wiki/Mixed-sex_education" title="Mixed-sex education">co-educational</a> boarding school. There are also <a href="/wiki/Preparatory_school_(United_Kingdom)" title="Preparatory school (United Kingdom)">preparatory schools</a> for younger children, such as <a href="/wiki/All_Hallows_Preparatory_School" title="All Hallows Preparatory School">All Hallows</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hazlegrove_Preparatory_School" title="Hazlegrove Preparatory School">Hazlegrove Preparatory School</a>. <a href="/wiki/Chilton_Cantelo_School" title="Chilton Cantelo School">Chilton Cantelo School</a> offers places both to day pupils and boarders aged 7 to 16. Other schools provide education for children from the age of 3 or 4 years through to 18, such as <a href="/wiki/King_Edward%27s_School,_Bath" title="King Edward's School, Bath">King Edward's School, Bath</a>, <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_College,_Taunton" title="Queen's College, Taunton">Queen's College, Taunton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wells_Cathedral_School" title="Wells Cathedral School">Wells Cathedral School</a> which is one of the five established musical schools for school-age children in Britain.<a href="#cite_note-162">[161]</a> Some of these schools have religious affiliations, such as <a href="/wiki/Monkton_Combe_School" title="Monkton Combe School">Monkton Combe School</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prior_Park_College" title="Prior Park College">Prior Park College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sidcot_School" title="Sidcot School">Sidcot School</a> which is associated with the <a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Religious Society of Friends</a>,<a href="#cite_note-163">[162]</a> <a href="/wiki/Downside_School" title="Downside School">Downside School</a> which is a Roman Catholic public school in Stratton-on-the-Fosse, situated next to the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Benedict" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Saint Benedict">Benedictine</a> Downside Abbey,<a href="#cite_note-164">[163]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingswood_School" title="Kingswood School">Kingswood School</a>, which was founded by <a href="/wiki/John_Wesley" title="John Wesley">John Wesley</a> in 1748 in Kingswood near Bristol, originally for the education of the sons of the itinerant ministers (clergy) of the <a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodist Church</a>.<a href="#cite_note-165">[164]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_and_higher_education">Further and higher education</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Further and higher education">edit</a>]</div> A wide range of <a href="/wiki/Adult_education" title="Adult education">adult education</a> and <a href="/wiki/Further_education" title="Further education">further education</a> courses is available in Somerset, in schools, colleges and other community venues. The colleges include <a href="/wiki/Weston_College" title="Weston College">Weston College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bridgwater_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Bridgwater College">Bridgwater and Taunton College</a> (formed in 2016 when Bridgwater College and <a href="/wiki/Somerset_College_of_Arts_and_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Somerset College of Arts and Technology">Somerset College of Arts and Technology</a> merged, and includes the Taunton-based University Centre Somerset), <a href="/wiki/Bath_College" title="Bath College">Bath College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frome_Community_College" title="Frome Community College">Frome Community College</a>, Richard Huish College, <a href="/wiki/Strode_College" title="Strode College">Strode College</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yeovil_College" title="Yeovil College">Yeovil College</a>.<a href="#cite_note-166">[165]</a> Somerset County Council operates <a href="/wiki/Dillington_House" title="Dillington House">Dillington House</a>, a residential adult education college located in Ilminster. The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Bath" title="University of Bath">University of Bath</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bath_Spa_University" title="Bath Spa University">Bath Spa University</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_Centre_Weston" title="University Centre Weston">University Centre Weston</a> are higher education establishments in the north of the county. The University of Bath gained its Royal Charter in 1966, although its origins go back to the Bristol Trade School (founded 1856) and Bath School of Pharmacy (founded 1907).<a href="#cite_note-167">[166]</a> It has a purpose-built campus at <a href="/wiki/Claverton,_Somerset" title="Claverton, Somerset">Claverton</a> on the outskirts of Bath, and has 15,000 students.<a href="#cite_note-168">[167]</a> Bath Spa University, which is based at <a href="/wiki/Newton_St_Loe" title="Newton St Loe">Newton St Loe</a>, achieved university status in 2005, and has origins including the Bath Academy of Art (founded 1898), Bath Teacher Training College, and the Bath College of Higher Education.<a href="#cite_note-169">[168]</a> It has several campuses and 5,500 students.<a href="#cite_note-170">[169]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/28px-Terra.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/42px-Terra.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/56px-Terra.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Geography" title="Portal:Geography">Geography portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/28px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/42px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/56px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Europe" title="Portal:Europe">Europe portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_Kingdom" title="Portal:United Kingdom">United Kingdom portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/32px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/48px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/64px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:England" title="Portal:England">England portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Somerset_shield.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Somerset_shield.png/23px-Somerset_shield.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Somerset_shield.png/34px-Somerset_shield.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Somerset_shield.png/45px-Somerset_shield.png 2x" data-file-width="1040" data-file-height="1288" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Somerset" title="Portal:Somerset">Somerset portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grade_I_listed_buildings_in_Somerset" title="Grade I listed buildings in Somerset">Grade I listed buildings in Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Somerset" title="Healthcare in Somerset">Healthcare in Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_High_Sheriffs_of_Somerset" class="mw-redirect" title="List of High Sheriffs of Somerset">List of High Sheriffs of Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hills_of_Somerset" title="List of hills of Somerset">List of hills of Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Somerset" title="List of tourist attractions in Somerset">List of tourist attractions in Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Lieutenant_of_Somerset" title="Lord Lieutenant of Somerset">Lord Lieutenant of Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_England" title="Outline of England">Outline of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Country_English" title="West Country English">West Country English</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Footnotes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> A 6,000-year-old trackway was discovered in <a href="/wiki/Belmarsh_prison" class="mw-redirect" title="Belmarsh prison">Belmarsh prison</a> in 2009.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGazette62943" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/62943/page/5161">"No. 62943"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a>. 13 March 2020. p. 5161.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+62943&rft.pages=5161&rft.date=2020-03-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F62943%2Fpage%2F5161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/file?uri=/aboutus/transparencyandgovernance/freedomofinformationfoi/mid2022populationestimatesbylieutenancyareas/1997lieutenancyarea2022estimatesfinal3.xlsx">"Mid-2022 population estimates by Lieutenancy areas (as at 1997) for England and Wales"</a>. Office for National Statistics. 24 June 2024. Retrieved 26 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Office+for+National+Statistics&rft.atitle=Mid-2022+population+estimates+by+Lieutenancy+areas+%28as+at+1997%29+for+England+and+Wales&rft.date=2024-06-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ons.gov.uk%2Ffile%3Furi%3D%2Faboutus%2Ftransparencyandgovernance%2Ffreedomofinformationfoi%2Fmid2022populationestimatesbylieutenancyareas%2F1997lieutenancyarea2022estimatesfinal3.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/file?uri=/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/datasets/populationestimatesforukenglandandwalesscotlandandnorthernireland/mid2022/mye22final.xlsx">"Mid-Year Population Estimates, UK, June 2022"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Office_for_National_Statistics" title="Office for National Statistics">Office for National Statistics</a>. 26 March 2024. Retrieved 3 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Office+for+National+Statistics&rft.atitle=Mid-Year+Population+Estimates%2C+UK%2C+June+2022&rft.date=2024-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ons.gov.uk%2Ffile%3Furi%3D%2Fpeoplepopulationandcommunity%2Fpopulationandmigration%2Fpopulationestimates%2Fdatasets%2Fpopulationestimatesforukenglandandwalesscotlandandnorthernireland%2Fmid2022%2Fmye22final.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/somerset">"Somerset definition and meaning"</a>. Collins English Dictionary. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210428022211/https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/somerset">Archived</a> from the original on 28 April 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Collins+English+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Somerset+definition+and+meaning&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.collinsdictionary.com%2Fdictionary%2Fenglish%2Fsomerset&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_5-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Somersetshire">"Somersetshire" </a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 390.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Somersetshire&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=390&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-watts1-6"><a href="#cite_ref-watts1_6-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatts2004" class="citation book cs1">Watts, Victor, ed. (2004). The Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-36209-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-36209-1"><bdi>0-521-36209-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Dictionary+of+English+Place-Names&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-521-36209-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHindley2006" class="citation book cs1">Hindley, Geoffrey (2006). The Anglo-Saxons. Robinson. pp. 53–54. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84529-161-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84529-161-7"><bdi>978-1-84529-161-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Anglo-Saxons&rft.pages=53-54&rft.pub=Robinson&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-84529-161-7&rft.aulast=Hindley&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitlock1975" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Whitlock" title="Ralph Whitlock">Whitlock, Ralph</a> (1975). Somerset. London: B.T. Batsford Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7134-2905-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7134-2905-3"><bdi>978-0-7134-2905-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Somerset&rft.place=London&rft.pub=B.T.+Batsford+Ltd.&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=978-0-7134-2905-3&rft.aulast=Whitlock&rft.aufirst=Ralph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121005014846/http://www1.somerset.gov.uk/archives/ASH/Danishinvs.htm">"The Danish Invasions"</a>. Somerset County Council. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.somerset.gov.uk/archives/ASH/Danishinvs.htm">the original</a> on 5 October 2012. Retrieved 18 October 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Danish+Invasions&rft.pub=Somerset+County+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.somerset.gov.uk%2Farchives%2FASH%2FDanishinvs.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://asc.jebbo.co.uk/e/e-L.html">"Manuscript E: Bodleian MS Laud 636."</a>. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Vol. 5 (electronic, literary ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090212153114/http://asc.jebbo.co.uk/e/e-L.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 February 2009. Retrieved 21 January 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Manuscript+E%3A+Bodleian+MS+Laud+636.&rft.btitle=The+Anglo-Saxon+Chronicle&rft.edition=electronic%2C+literary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fasc.jebbo.co.uk%2Fe%2Fe-L.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/657">The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110629061518/http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/657">Archived</a> from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 21 January 2008 – via Gutenberg.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Anglo-Saxon+Chronicle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Febooks%2F657&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kepn.nottingham.ac.uk/map/place/Somerset/Bath">"Key to English Place Names"</a>. Nottingham.ac.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200728232315/http://kepn.nottingham.ac.uk/map/place/Somerset/Bath">Archived</a> from the original on 28 July 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Key+to+English+Place+Names&rft.pub=Nottingham.ac.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkepn.nottingham.ac.uk%2Fmap%2Fplace%2FSomerset%2FBath&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBirch1885" class="citation book cs1">Birch, Walter de Gray (1885). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cartulariumsaxo01bircgoog">Cartularium Saxonicum</a>. Whiting. Retrieved 21 April 2008 – via Internet Archive. <q>A collection of charters relating to Anglo-Saxon history.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cartularium+Saxonicum&rft.pub=Whiting&rft.date=1885&rft.aulast=Birch&rft.aufirst=Walter+de+Gray&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcartulariumsaxo01bircgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.takeourword.com/TOW110/page2.html">"A word to the wise"</a>. Take our word for it. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080829151546/http://www.takeourword.com/TOW110/page2.html">Archived</a> from the original on 29 August 2008. Retrieved 22 January 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Take+our+word+for+it&rft.atitle=A+word+to+the+wise&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.takeourword.com%2FTOW110%2Fpage2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoates2017" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Coates" title="Richard Coates">Coates, Richard</a> (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/226134962.pdf">"Celtic whispers: Revisiting the problems of the relation between Brittonic and Old English"</a> (PDF) (¿unpublished? journal article).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Celtic+whispers%3A+Revisiting+the+problems+of+the+relation+between+Brittonic+and+Old+English&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Coates&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcore.ac.uk%2Fdownload%2Fpdf%2F226134962.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> See also <a href="/wiki/Brittonicisms_in_English" title="Brittonicisms in English">Brittonicisms in English</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www1.somerset.gov.uk/archives/ASH/Palper.htm">"Introduction: The Paleolithic period – food gatherers"</a>. Somerset Archives. Aspects of Somerset history. Somerset Government. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110814192128/http://www1.somerset.gov.uk/archives/ASH/Palper.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 14 August 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Introduction%3A+The+Paleolithic+period+%E2%80%93+food+gatherers&rft.series=Aspects+of+Somerset+history&rft.pub=Somerset+Government&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww1.somerset.gov.uk%2Farchives%2FASH%2FPalper.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKie2010" class="citation news cs1">McKie, Robin (20 June 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/science/2010/jun/20/ice-age-cannibals-britain-earliest-settlers">"Bones from a Cheddar Gorge cave show that cannibalism helped Britain's earliest settlers survive the ice age"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160307203921/https://www.theguardian.com/science/2010/jun/20/ice-age-cannibals-britain-earliest-settlers">Archived</a> from the original on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 22 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Bones+from+a+Cheddar+Gorge+cave+show+that+cannibalism+helped+Britain%27s+earliest+settlers+survive+the+ice+age&rft.date=2010-06-20&rft.aulast=McKie&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fscience%2F2010%2Fjun%2F20%2Fice-age-cannibals-britain-earliest-settlers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ubss.org.uk/articles/avelines.php">"Aveline's Hole discovery"</a>. Spelaeological Society. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Bristol" title="University of Bristol">University of Bristol</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303185905/http://www.ubss.org.uk/articles/avelines.php">Archived</a> from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 22 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aveline%27s+Hole+discovery&rft.pub=University+of+Bristol&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ubss.org.uk%2Farticles%2Favelines.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dunning-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dunning_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dunning_19-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunning1983" class="citation book cs1">Dunning, Robert (1983). A History of Somerset. Chichester, UK: Phillimore & Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85033-461-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-85033-461-6"><bdi>0-85033-461-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Somerset&rft.place=Chichester%2C+UK&rft.pub=Phillimore+%26+Co&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=0-85033-461-6&rft.aulast=Dunning&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mesolithic-20"><a href="#cite_ref-Mesolithic_20-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.camelotintl.com/heritage/counties/england/somerset.html">"Somerset"</a>. Camelot Village: Britain's Heritage and History. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060613211349/http://www.camelotintl.com/heritage/counties/england/somerset.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 June 2006. Retrieved 28 May 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Camelot+Village%3A+Britain%27s+Heritage+and+History&rft.atitle=Somerset&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.camelotintl.com%2Fheritage%2Fcounties%2Fengland%2Fsomerset.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnon2009" class="citation web cs1">Anon (12 August 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.physorg.com/news169297178.html">"London's earliest timber structure found during Belmarsh prison dig"</a>. physorg.com News. PhysOrg.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110715214221/http://www.physorg.com/news169297178.html">Archived</a> from the original on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 10 July 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=physorg.com+News&rft.atitle=London%27s+earliest+timber+structure+found+during+Belmarsh+prison+dig&rft.date=2009-08-12&rft.au=Anon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.physorg.com%2Fnews169297178.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg12617212.800-science-the-day-the-sweet-track-was-built.html">"The day the Sweet Track was built"</a>. New Scientist. 16 June 1990. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100311232408/http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg12617212.800-science-the-day-the-sweet-track-was-built.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 March 2010. Retrieved 13 November 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Scientist&rft.atitle=The+day+the+Sweet+Track+was+built&rft.date=1990-06-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newscientist.com%2Farticle%2Fmg12617212.800-science-the-day-the-sweet-track-was-built.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-brunning-24"><a href="#cite_ref-brunning_24-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrunning2001" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Brunning, Richard (February 2001). "The Somerset Levels". <a href="/wiki/Current_Archaeology" title="Current Archaeology">Current Archaeology</a>. Wetlands Special Issue. 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Cruttwell.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=General+View+of+the+Agriculture+of+the+County+of+Somerset&rft.pub=R.+Cruttwell&rft.date=1798&rft.aulast=Billingsley&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgeneralviewagri01survgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://projects.exeter.ac.uk/mhn/b_s_coal/coal_text.htm">"A Brief History of the Bristol and Somerset Coalfield"</a>. The Mines of the Bristol and Somerset Coalfield. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090117010102/http://projects.exeter.ac.uk/mhn/b_s_coal/coal_text.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 17 January 2009. Retrieved 22 January 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Mines+of+the+Bristol+and+Somerset+Coalfield&rft.atitle=A+Brief+History+of+the+Bristol+and+Somerset+Coalfield&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fprojects.exeter.ac.uk%2Fmhn%2Fb_s_coal%2Fcoal_text.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cornwell-46"><a href="#cite_ref-cornwell_46-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCornwell2005" class="citation book cs1">Cornwell, John (2005). Collieries of Somerset & Bristol. Ashbourne, Derbyshire: Landmark Publishing Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84306-170-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-84306-170-8"><bdi>1-84306-170-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Collieries+of+Somerset+%26+Bristol&rft.place=Ashbourne%2C+Derbyshire&rft.pub=Landmark+Publishing+Ltd.&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-84306-170-8&rft.aulast=Cornwell&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJones2011" class="citation book cs1">Jones, M.H. (2011). The Brendon Hiills Iron Mines and the West Somerset Mineral Railway. Lightmoor Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-899889-53-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-899889-53-2"><bdi>978-1-899889-53-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Brendon+Hiills+Iron+Mines+and+the+West+Somerset+Mineral+Railway&rft.pub=Lightmoor+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-899889-53-2&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=M.H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070807030002/http://www.sommilmuseum.org.uk/article.php?id=1">"Somerset Light Infantry (Prince Albert's)"</a>. Somerset Military Museum. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sommilmuseum.org.uk/article.php?id=1">the original</a> on 7 August 2007. Retrieved 23 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Somerset+Light+Infantry+%28Prince+Albert%27s%29&rft.pub=Somerset+Military+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sommilmuseum.org.uk%2Farticle.php%3Fid%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071028164855/http://www.pillboxes-somerset.com/taunton_stop_line.htm">"Taunton Stop Line"</a>. Pillboxes Somerset. 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Newbury, UK: Countryside Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85306-590-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-85306-590-0"><bdi>1-85306-590-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Somerset+v+Hitler%3A+Secret+operations+in+the+Mendips+1939%E2%80%931945&rft.place=Newbury%2C+UK&rft.pub=Countryside+Books&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=1-85306-590-0&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Donald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMyersDouglas,_David_Charles1996" class="citation book cs1">Myers, Alec Reginald; Douglas, David Charles (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jRsLUVOCqbkC">English Historical Documents 1327–1485</a>. 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Retrieved 6 June 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=English+Historical+Documents+1327%E2%80%931485&rft.pages=560&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-415-14369-1&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.aufirst=Alec+Reginald&rft.au=Douglas%2C+David+Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjRsLUVOCqbkC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ordnances-52"><a href="#cite_ref-ordnances_52-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey" title="Ordnance Survey">Ordnance Survey</a> mapping </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichardson" class="citation web cs1">Richardson, Miranda. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060810/http://www1.somerset.gov.uk/archives/hes/downloads/Somerset_EUS_Somerton.pdf">"Somerton"</a> (PDF). 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Retrieved 10 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mendip+Hills+AONB&rft.atitle=Frequently+Asked+Questions&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mendiphillsaonb.org.uk%2Ffaqs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150526233538/http://www.thequantockhills.co.uk/page/welcome_to_quantock/the_quantock_hills1/">"The Quantock Hills"</a>. Quantock Hills AONB. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thequantockhills.co.uk/page/welcome_to_quantock/the_quantock_hills1/">the original</a> on 26 May 2015. 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Bridgwater Mercury. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090211214058/http://www.bridgwatermercury.co.uk/news/2159743.sad_day_as_firm_sheds_workforce/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 February 2009. Retrieved 15 April 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sad+day+as+firm+sheds+workforce&rft.date=2008-03-31&rft.aulast=Colledge&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bridgwatermercury.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2159743.sad_day_as_firm_sheds_workforce%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150630225011/https://1stdirectory.co.uk/companies/thales-underwater-systems-ltd.htm">"Thales Underwater Systems Ltd"</a>. 1st Directory. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://1stdirectory.co.uk/companies/thales-underwater-systems-ltd.htm">the original</a> on 30 June 2015. Retrieved 26 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Thales+Underwater+Systems+Ltd&rft.pub=1st+Directory&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F1stdirectory.co.uk%2Fcompanies%2Fthales-underwater-systems-ltd.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thisisthewestcountry.co.uk/news/somerset_news/1449380.Thales_sells_part_of_business_to_Americans/">"Thales sells part of business to Americans"</a>. This is the West Country. 6 June 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120105154535/http://www.thisisthewestcountry.co.uk/news/somerset_news/1449380.Thales_sells_part_of_business_to_Americans/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 January 2012. Retrieved 10 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=This+is+the+West+Country&rft.atitle=Thales+sells+part+of+business+to+Americans&rft.date=2007-06-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thisisthewestcountry.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fsomerset_news%2F1449380.Thales_sells_part_of_business_to_Americans%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/our-organisation/bases-and-stations/air-stations/rnas-yeovilton/">"RNAS Yeovilton"</a>. Royal Navy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210506205711/https://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/our-organisation/bases-and-stations/air-stations/rnas-yeovilton/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Royal+Navy&rft.atitle=RNAS+Yeovilton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.royalnavy.mod.uk%2Four-organisation%2Fbases-and-stations%2Fair-stations%2Frnas-yeovilton%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=3&b=3567644&c=Somerset&d=180&e=15&g=482799&i=1001x1003x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1197641980457&enc=1&dsFamilyId=27">"Somerset Industry of Employment — All People (KS11A)"</a>. 2001 Census Key statistics: Office for National Statistics. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090213072408/http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=3&b=3567644&c=Somerset&d=180&e=15&g=482799&i=1001x1003x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1197641980457&enc=1&dsFamilyId=27">Archived</a> from the original on 13 February 2009. Retrieved 14 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2001+Census+Key+statistics%3A+Office+for+National+Statistics&rft.atitle=Somerset+Industry+of+Employment+%E2%80%94+All+People+%28KS11A%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fneighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk%2Fdissemination%2FLeadTableView.do%3Fa%3D3%26b%3D3567644%26c%3DSomerset%26d%3D180%26e%3D15%26g%3D482799%26i%3D1001x1003x1004%26m%3D0%26r%3D1%26s%3D1197641980457%26enc%3D1%26dsFamilyId%3D27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080915132227/http://www.burrows.co.uk/somerset/09WorM.htm">"Mini profiles of the key industrial sectors in Somerset"</a>. Celebrating Somerset. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.burrows.co.uk/somerset/09WorM.htm">the original</a> on 15 September 2008. Retrieved 26 October 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Celebrating+Somerset&rft.atitle=Mini+profiles+of+the+key+industrial+sectors+in+Somerset&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.burrows.co.uk%2Fsomerset%2F09WorM.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.englishwillowbaskets.co.uk/visitor-centre">"English Willow Baskets"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130809213826/http://englishwillowbaskets.co.uk/visitor-centre">Archived</a> from the original on 9 August 2013. Retrieved 7 June 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=English+Willow+Baskets&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.englishwillowbaskets.co.uk%2Fvisitor-centre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/factual/opencountry_20041120.shtml">"Somerset Levels"</a>. BBC Radio 4 – Open Country. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060825202414/http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/factual/opencountry_20041120.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 25 August 2006. Retrieved 10 June 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+Radio+4+%E2%80%93+Open+Country&rft.atitle=Somerset+Levels&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fradio4%2Ffactual%2Fopencountry_20041120.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/somerset/content/articles/2005/01/10/clarks_feature.shtml">"Clarks ends shoemaking in Somerset"</a>. BBC Somerset. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071202224712/http://www.bbc.co.uk/somerset/content/articles/2005/01/10/clarks_feature.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 2 December 2007. Retrieved 29 October 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+Somerset&rft.atitle=Clarks+ends+shoemaking+in+Somerset&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fsomerset%2Fcontent%2Farticles%2F2005%2F01%2F10%2Fclarks_feature.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-hudson-113">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hudson_113-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hudson_113-1">b</a> Hudson (1971). The Fashionable Stone. Bath: Adams & Dart. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-239-00066-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-239-00066-8">0-239-00066-8</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-bezzant-114"><a href="#cite_ref-bezzant_114-0">^</a> Bezzant, Norman (1980). Out of the Rock... London: William Heinemann Ltd. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-434-06900-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-434-06900-0">0-434-06900-0</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-perkins-115"><a href="#cite_ref-perkins_115-0">^</a> Perkins, J.W., Brooks, A.T. and McR. Pearce, A.E. (1979). Bath Stone: a quarry history. 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(September 2007). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0033-8923">0033-8923</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.intosomerset.co.uk/">Somerset – Where you and your business can grow</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090302042003/http://intosomerset.co.uk/">Archived</a> 2 March 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – Into Somerset official website </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.heartofswgrowthhub.co.uk/">"Heart of the South West Growth Hub"</a>. 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World Nuclear News. 18 December 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131222184832/http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NP_Brussels_begins_Hinkley_investigation_1812131.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 December 2013. Retrieved 21 December 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Brussels+begins+Hinkley+investigation&rft.date=2013-12-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.world-nuclear-news.org%2FNP_Brussels_begins_Hinkley_investigation_1812131.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-October_decision-125"><a href="#cite_ref-October_decision_125-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlex_Barker_and_Pilita_Clark2014" class="citation news cs1">Alex Barker and Pilita Clark (8 October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141010235737/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/372216e6-4ec0-11e4-b205-00144feab7de.html">"Brussels backs Hinkley Point C as cost forecasts soar'"</a>. Financial Times. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/372216e6-4ec0-11e4-b205-00144feab7de.html/">the original</a> on 10 October 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Brussels+backs+Hinkley+Point+C+as+cost+forecasts+soar%27&rft.date=2014-10-08&rft.au=Alex+Barker+and+Pilita+Clark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcms%2Fs%2F0%2F372216e6-4ec0-11e4-b205-00144feab7de.html%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatt2017" class="citation news cs1">Watt, Holly (21 December 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/news/2017/dec/21/hinkley-point-c-dreadful-deal-behind-worlds-most-expensive-power-plant">"Hinkley Point: the 'dreadful deal' behind the world's most expensive power plant"</a>. Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210413112007/https://www.theguardian.com/news/2017/dec/21/hinkley-point-c-dreadful-deal-behind-worlds-most-expensive-power-plant">Archived</a> from the original on 13 April 2021. Retrieved 13 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Guardian&rft.atitle=Hinkley+Point%3A+the+%27dreadful+deal%27+behind+the+world%27s+most+expensive+power+plant&rft.date=2017-12-21&rft.aulast=Watt&rft.aufirst=Holly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fnews%2F2017%2Fdec%2F21%2Fhinkley-point-c-dreadful-deal-behind-worlds-most-expensive-power-plant&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.avonandsomerset.police.uk/">"Avon and Somerset Police"</a>. Avon and Somerset Police. Retrieved 9 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Avon+and+Somerset+Police&rft.pub=Avon+and+Somerset+Police&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.avonandsomerset.police.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dsfire.gov.uk/about-us">"About Us"</a>. Devon and Somerset Fire and Rescue Service. Retrieved 9 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Us&rft.pub=Devon+and+Somerset+Fire+and+Rescue+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dsfire.gov.uk%2Fabout-us&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.swast.nhs.uk/welcome/about-us/welcome-to-south-western-ambulance-service-nhs-foundation-trust-swasft">"About Us"</a>. South Western Ambulance Service. Retrieved 9 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Us&rft.pub=South+Western+Ambulance+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.swast.nhs.uk%2Fwelcome%2Fabout-us%2Fwelcome-to-south-western-ambulance-service-nhs-foundation-trust-swasft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://register-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk/charity-search/-/charity-details/3966415">"Dorset and Somerset Air Ambulance Charity"</a>. Charity Commission. Retrieved 9 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dorset+and+Somerset+Air+Ambulance+Charity&rft.pub=Charity+Commission&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fregister-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk%2Fcharity-search%2F-%2Fcharity-details%2F3966415&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britainexpress.com/Myths/Glastonbury_King_Arthur.htm">"King Arthur and Glastonbury"</a>. Britain Express. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071123112749/http://www.britainexpress.com/Myths/Glastonbury_King_Arthur.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 23 November 2007. Retrieved 23 October 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Britain+Express&rft.atitle=King+Arthur+and+Glastonbury&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britainexpress.com%2FMyths%2FGlastonbury_King_Arthur.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-glastabbey-132">^ <a href="#cite_ref-glastabbey_132-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-glastabbey_132-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.glastonburyabbey.com/">"Glastonbury Abbey's official website"</a>. Glastonbury Abbey. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071020035159/http://www.glastonburyabbey.com/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 October 2007. Retrieved 23 October 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Glastonbury+Abbey&rft.atitle=Glastonbury+Abbey%27s+official+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.glastonburyabbey.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-webbio-133"><a href="#cite_ref-webbio_133-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEverett" class="citation web cs1">Everett, Glenn. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.victorianweb.org/previctorian/ww/bio.html">"William Wordsworth: Biography"</a>. The Victorian Web. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070104222621/http://www.victorianweb.org/previctorian/ww/bio.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 January 2007. Retrieved 7 January 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Victorian+Web&rft.atitle=William+Wordsworth%3A+Biography&rft.aulast=Everett&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.victorianweb.org%2Fprevictorian%2Fww%2Fbio.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaugh1991" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Auberon_Waugh" title="Auberon Waugh">Waugh, Auberon</a> (December 1991). Will this do?. Century. p. 206. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7126-3733-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-7126-3733-8"><bdi>0-7126-3733-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Will+this+do%3F&rft.pages=206&rft.pub=Century&rft.date=1991-12&rft.isbn=0-7126-3733-8&rft.aulast=Waugh&rft.aufirst=Auberon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/somerset/content/articles/2006/06/19/wurzels_big_summer_party_review_feature.shtml">"Review: The Wurzels' Big Summer Party"</a>. BBC Somerset. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090218174036/http://www.bbc.co.uk/somerset/content/articles/2006/06/19/wurzels_big_summer_party_review_feature.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 18 February 2009. Retrieved 21 October 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+Somerset&rft.atitle=Review%3A+The+Wurzels%27+Big+Summer+Party&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fsomerset%2Fcontent%2Farticles%2F2006%2F06%2F19%2Fwurzels_big_summer_party_review_feature.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.contactmusic.com/news.nsf/story/extra-glastonbury-tickets-snapped-up_1028793">"Extra Glastonbury Tickets Snapped Up"</a>. Contact Music. 22 April 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100330220420/http://www.contactmusic.com/news.nsf/story/extra-glastonbury-tickets-snapped-up_1028793">Archived</a> from the original on 30 March 2010. Retrieved 22 October 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Contact+Music&rft.atitle=Extra+Glastonbury+Tickets+Snapped+Up&rft.date=2007-04-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.contactmusic.com%2Fnews.nsf%2Fstory%2Fextra-glastonbury-tickets-snapped-up_1028793&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMark_Adler2006" class="citation journal cs1">Mark Adler (August 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mendiptimes.co.uk/">"It's my party"</a>. Mendip Times. 2 (3): 14–15. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070416021759/http://www.mendiptimes.co.uk/">Archived</a> from the original on 16 April 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mendip+Times&rft.atitle=It%27s+my+party&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=14-15&rft.date=2006-08&rft.au=Mark+Adler&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mendiptimes.co.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvansNichols2005" class="citation book cs1">Evans, Roger; Nichols, Peter (2005). Somerset Carnivals: A Celebration of 400 Years. Tiverton: Halsgrove. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84114-483-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84114-483-2"><bdi>978-1-84114-483-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Somerset+Carnivals%3A+A+Celebration+of+400+Years&rft.place=Tiverton&rft.pub=Halsgrove&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-84114-483-2&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.au=Nichols%2C+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120322214242/http://www.somerset-chamber.co.uk/index.php?opt=page&action=overview">"Overview of Somerset"</a>. Somerset Chamber of Commerce and Industry. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.somerset-chamber.co.uk/index.php?opt=page&action=overview">the original</a> on 22 March 2012. Retrieved 10 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Overview+of+Somerset&rft.pub=Somerset+Chamber+of+Commerce+and+Industry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.somerset-chamber.co.uk%2Findex.php%3Fopt%3Dpage%26action%3Doverview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJenkins2000" class="citation book cs1">Jenkins, Simon (2000). England's Thousand Best Churches. Penguin Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-029795-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-029795-2"><bdi>0-14-029795-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=England%27s+Thousand+Best+Churches&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-14-029795-2&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=Simon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120119045155/http://licensing.ofcom.org.uk/tv-broadcast-licences/current-licensees/channel-3/htv/">"Wales and West ITV"</a>. Ofcom. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://licensing.ofcom.org.uk/tv-broadcast-licences/current-licensees/channel-3/htv/">the original</a> on 19 January 2012. Retrieved 10 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ofcom&rft.atitle=Wales+and+West+ITV&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flicensing.ofcom.org.uk%2Ftv-broadcast-licences%2Fcurrent-licensees%2Fchannel-3%2Fhtv%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flaginstitute.org/wp/flags/Somerset/">"Somerset"</a>. Flag Institute. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130720090456/http://www.flaginstitute.org/wp/flags/Somerset/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 July 2013. Retrieved 26 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Somerset&rft.pub=Flag+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flaginstitute.org%2Fwp%2Fflags%2FSomerset%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120908072452/http://www1.somerset.gov.uk/archives/ASH/Rivers.htm">"Rivers and Canals"</a>. Somerset County Council: History of Somerset. 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Newton Abbot, Devon: <a href="/wiki/David_%26_Charles" title="David & Charles">David & Charles</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7153-4164-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-7153-4164-2">0-7153-4164-2</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHM_Government1921" class="citation web cs1">HM Government (1921). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railwaysarchive.co.uk/docsummary.php?docID=65">"Railways Act 1921"</a>. The Railways Archive. (originally published by HMSO). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150527014919/http://www.railwaysarchive.co.uk/docsummary.php?docID=65">Archived</a> from the original on 27 May 2015. Retrieved 26 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Railways+Archive&rft.atitle=Railways+Act+1921&rft.date=1921&rft.au=HM+Government&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railwaysarchive.co.uk%2Fdocsummary.php%3FdocID%3D65&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-thomas-146">^ <a href="#cite_ref-thomas_146-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-thomas_146-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-thomas_146-2">c</a> <a href="/wiki/David_St_John_Thomas" title="David St John Thomas">St John Thomas, David</a> (1960). A Regional history of the railways of Great Britain: Volume 1 – The West Country. London: Phoenix House. </li> <li id="cite_note-smith-147"><a href="#cite_ref-smith_147-0">^</a> Smith, Martin (1992). The Railways of Bristol and Somerset. Shepperton: <a href="/wiki/Ian_Allan_Publishing" title="Ian Allan Publishing">Ian Allan Publishing</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7110-2063-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-7110-2063-9">0-7110-2063-9</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-awdry-237-148"><a href="#cite_ref-awdry-237_148-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Awdry" title="Christopher Awdry">Awdry, Christopher</a> (1990). Encyclopaedia of British Railway Companies. Patrick Stephens Ltd. p. 237. </li> <li id="cite_note-casserley-149"><a href="#cite_ref-casserley_149-0">^</a> Casserley, H.C. (1968). Britain's Joint Lines. London: Ian Allan. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7110-0024-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-7110-0024-7">0-7110-0024-7</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-williams1-150"><a href="#cite_ref-williams1_150-0">^</a> Williams, R. A. (1968) The London & South Western Railway, v. 1: The formative years, and v. 2: Growth and consolidation. 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Retrieved 18 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Education+and+Learning&rft.pub=Somerset+County+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.somerset.gov.uk%2Fsomerset%2Flearning%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071211102920/http://www.bathnes.gov.uk/BathNES/educationandlearning/Schoolsandcolleges/schoolcontactdetails/">"Primary, Secondary and Specialist Schools"</a>. Bath and North East Somerset Council. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bathnes.gov.uk/BathNES/educationandlearning/Schoolsandcolleges/schoolcontactdetails/">the original</a> on 11 December 2007. 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Retrieved 26 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Facts+and+figures&rft.au=University+of+Bath&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bath.ac.uk%2Fabout%2Forganisation%2Ffacts-figures%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBath_Spa_University" class="citation web cs1">Bath Spa University. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130310174239/http://www.bathspa.ac.uk/about-us/our-vision-values-history-and-people/our-history">"Our History"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bathspa.ac.uk/about-us/our-vision-values-history-and-people/our-history">the original</a> on 10 March 2013. Retrieved 26 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Our+History&rft.au=Bath+Spa+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bathspa.ac.uk%2Fabout-us%2Four-vision-values-history-and-people%2Four-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151222111441/http://www.bibliographicdata.co.uk/index.php/bds_features/bdz-at-the-heart-of-two-academic-libraries/">"BDZ at the heart of two academic libraries"</a>. Bibliographic Data Services. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bibliographicdata.co.uk/index.php/bds_features/bdz-at-the-heart-of-two-academic-libraries/">the original</a> on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 18 October 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BDZ+at+the+heart+of+two+academic+libraries&rft.pub=Bibliographic+Data+Services&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bibliographicdata.co.uk%2Findex.php%2Fbds_features%2Fbdz-at-the-heart-of-two-academic-libraries%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_History_of_the_Counties_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria History of the Counties of England">Victoria History of the Counties of England</a> – History of the County of Somerset. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, for: The Institute of Historical Research. <ul><li>Note: Volumes I to IX published so far; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150503195017/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/search/series/vch--som">"Link to on-line version (not all volumes)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/search/series/vch--som">the original</a> on 3 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Link+to+on-line+version+%28not+all+volumes%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-history.ac.uk%2Fsearch%2Fseries%2Fvch--som&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Volume I: Natural History, Prehistory, Domesday</li> <li>Volume II: Ecclesiastical History, Religious Houses, Political, Maritime, and Social and Economic History, Earthworks, Agriculture, Forestry, Sport</li> <li>Volume III: Pitney, Somerton, and Tintinhull hundreds</li> <li>Volume IV: Crewkerne, Martock, and South Petherton Hundreds</li> <li>Volume V: Williton and Freemanors Hundred</li> <li>Volume VI: Andersfield, Cannington and North Petherton Hundreds (Bridgwater and Neighbouring Parishes)</li> <li>Volume VII: Bruton, Horethorne and Norton Ferris Hundreds</li> <li>Volume VIII: The Poldens and the Levels</li> <li>Volume IX: Glastonbury and Street, Baltonsborough, Butleigh, Compton Dundon, Meare, North Wootton, Podimore, Milton, Walton, West Bradley, and West Pennard</li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdkins1992" class="citation book cs1">Adkins, Lesley and Roy (1992). A Field Guide to Somerset Archaeology. Wimborne, Dorset: Dovecote Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-946159-94-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-946159-94-9"><bdi>978-0-946159-94-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Field+Guide+to+Somerset+Archaeology&rft.place=Wimborne%2C+Dorset&rft.pub=Dovecote+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-946159-94-9&rft.aulast=Adkins&rft.aufirst=Lesley+and+Roy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAstonBurrow1982" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mick_Aston" title="Mick Aston">Aston, Michael</a>; Burrow, Ian (1982). The Archaeology of Somerset: A review to 1500 AD. Somerset: Somerset County Council. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86183-028-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-86183-028-8"><bdi>0-86183-028-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Archaeology+of+Somerset%3A+A+review+to+1500+AD&rft.place=Somerset&rft.pub=Somerset+County+Council.&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=0-86183-028-8&rft.aulast=Aston&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Burrow%2C+Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAston1988" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mick_Aston" title="Mick Aston">Aston, Michael</a> (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/aspectsofmediaev0000unse">Aspects of the Medieval Landscape of Somerset & Contributions to the landscape history of the county</a>. Somerset: Somerset County Council. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86183-129-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-86183-129-2"><bdi>0-86183-129-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Aspects+of+the+Medieval+Landscape+of+Somerset+%26+Contributions+to+the+landscape+history+of+the+county&rft.place=Somerset&rft.pub=Somerset+County+Council&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0-86183-129-2&rft.aulast=Aston&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Faspectsofmediaev0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBush1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robin_Bush_(historian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robin Bush (historian)">Bush, Robin</a> (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/somersetcomplete0000bush">Somerset: The complete guide</a>. Wimborne, Dorset: Dovecote Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-874336-27-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-874336-27-X"><bdi>1-874336-27-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Somerset%3A+The+complete+guide&rft.place=Wimborne%2C+Dorset&rft.pub=Dovecote+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=1-874336-27-X&rft.aulast=Bush&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsomersetcomplete0000bush&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCosten1992" class="citation book cs1">Costen, Michael (1992). The origins of Somerset. Manchester: Manchester University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7190-3675-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7190-3675-5"><bdi>0-7190-3675-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+origins+of+Somerset&rft.place=Manchester&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0-7190-3675-5&rft.aulast=Costen&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCroftAston1993" class="citation book cs1">Croft, Robert; Aston, Mick (1993). Somerset from the air: An aerial Guide to the Heritage of the County. Somerset: Somerset County Council. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86183-215-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86183-215-6"><bdi>978-0-86183-215-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Somerset+from+the+air%3A+An+aerial+Guide+to+the+Heritage+of+the+County&rft.place=Somerset&rft.pub=Somerset+County+Council&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-86183-215-6&rft.aulast=Croft&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.au=Aston%2C+Mick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunning1995" class="citation book cs1">Dunning, Robert (1995). Somerset Castles. Somerset: Somerset Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86183-278-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-86183-278-7"><bdi>0-86183-278-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Somerset+Castles&rft.place=Somerset&rft.pub=Somerset+Books&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-86183-278-7&rft.aulast=Dunning&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnight1909" class="citation book cs1">Knight, Francis A. (1909). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridge-geographies-somerset">Cambridge County Geographies: Somerset</a>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cambridge+County+Geographies%3A+Somerset&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1909&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=Francis+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcambridge-geographies-somerset&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeach2001" class="citation book cs1">Leach, Peter (2001). Roman Somerset. Wimborne, Dorset: The Dovecote Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-874336-93-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-874336-93-8"><bdi>1-874336-93-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Roman+Somerset&rft.place=Wimborne%2C+Dorset&rft.pub=The+Dovecote+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-874336-93-8&rft.aulast=Leach&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLittle1983" class="citation book cs1">Little, Bryan (1983). Portrait of Somerset. London: Robert Hale Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7090-0915-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-7090-0915-1"><bdi>0-7090-0915-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Portrait+of+Somerset&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Robert+Hale+Ltd&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=0-7090-0915-1&rft.aulast=Little&rft.aufirst=Bryan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalmer1976" class="citation book cs1">Palmer, Kingsley (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/folkloreofsomers0000palm">The Folklore of Somerset</a>. London: Batsford. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7134-3166-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-7134-3166-0"><bdi>0-7134-3166-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Folklore+of+Somerset&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Batsford&rft.date=1976&rft.isbn=0-7134-3166-0&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=Kingsley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffolkloreofsomers0000palm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobinson1992" class="citation book cs1">Robinson, Stephen (1992). Somerset Place Names. Wimborne, Dorset: The Dovecote Press Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-874336-03-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-874336-03-7"><bdi>978-1-874336-03-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Somerset+Place+Names&rft.place=Wimborne%2C+Dorset&rft.pub=The+Dovecote+Press+Ltd&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-1-874336-03-7&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStansfield-Cudworth2009" class="citation book cs1">Stansfield-Cudworth, R. E. (2009). Political Elites in South-West England, 1450–1500: Politics, Governance, and the Wars of the Roses. <a href="/wiki/Lewiston,_New_York" title="Lewiston, New York">Lewiston, New York</a>: <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Mellen_Press" title="Edwin Mellen Press">Edwin Mellen Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-77344-714-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-77344-714-1"><bdi>978-0-77344-714-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Political+Elites+in+South-West+England%2C+1450%E2%80%931500%3A+Politics%2C+Governance%2C+and+the+Wars+of+the+Roses&rft.place=Lewiston%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Edwin+Mellen+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-77344-714-1&rft.aulast=Stansfield-Cudworth&rft.aufirst=R.+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Somerset" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Somerset">Somerset</a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Somerset_(England)#Q23157" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Somerset (England)">Somerset</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitsomerset.co.uk">Official Somerset Tourism website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.somerset.gov.uk">Somerset Council</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><style 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href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Neighbouring_counties" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Neighbouring counties</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Severn_Estuary" title="Severn Estuary">Severn Estuary</a> <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Channel" title="Bristol Channel">Bristol Channel</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire">Gloucestershire</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Channel" title="Bristol Channel">Bristol Channel</a> <a href="/wiki/Devon" title="Devon">Devon</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" />Somerset<img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Devon" title="Devon">Devon</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Devon" title="Devon">Devon</a>, Dorset</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dorset" title="Dorset">Dorset</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Somerset&#124;link=Somerset_Ceremonial_county_of_Somerset" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist vcard mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Somerset" title="Template:Somerset"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Somerset" title="Template talk:Somerset"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Somerset" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Somerset"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Somerset&#124;link=Somerset_Ceremonial_county_of_Somerset" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset"><img alt="Somerset" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Somerset_Flag.svg/23px-Somerset_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Somerset_Flag.svg/35px-Somerset_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Somerset_Flag.svg/46px-Somerset_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">Ceremonial county</a> of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Somerset</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Portal:Somerset" title="Portal:Somerset">Somerset Portal</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unitary authorities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bath_and_North_East_Somerset" title="Bath and North East Somerset">Bath and North East Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Somerset" title="North Somerset">North Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerset_Council" title="Somerset Council">Somerset Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major settlements (cities in italics)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Axbridge" title="Axbridge">Axbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridgwater" title="Bridgwater">Bridgwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruton" title="Bruton">Bruton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnham-on-Sea" title="Burnham-on-Sea">Burnham-on-Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle_Cary" title="Castle Cary">Castle Cary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chard,_Somerset" title="Chard, Somerset">Chard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clevedon" title="Clevedon">Clevedon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crewkerne" title="Crewkerne">Crewkerne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dulverton" title="Dulverton">Dulverton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frome" title="Frome">Frome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glastonbury" title="Glastonbury">Glastonbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highbridge,_Somerset" title="Highbridge, Somerset">Highbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilminster" title="Ilminster">Ilminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keynsham" title="Keynsham">Keynsham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langport" title="Langport">Langport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midsomer_Norton" title="Midsomer Norton">Midsomer Norton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minehead" title="Minehead">Minehead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nailsea" title="Nailsea">Nailsea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Petherton" title="North Petherton">North Petherton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portishead,_Somerset" title="Portishead, Somerset">Portishead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radstock" title="Radstock">Radstock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepton_Mallet" title="Shepton Mallet">Shepton Mallet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerton,_Somerset" title="Somerton, Somerset">Somerton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street,_Somerset" title="Street, Somerset">Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taunton" title="Taunton">Taunton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watchet" title="Watchet">Watchet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington,_Somerset" title="Wellington, Somerset">Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wells,_Somerset" title="Wells, Somerset">Wells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weston-super-Mare" title="Weston-super-Mare">Weston-super-Mare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wincanton" title="Wincanton">Wincanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiveliscombe" title="Wiveliscombe">Wiveliscombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeovil" title="Yeovil">Yeovil</a> See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_civil_parishes_in_Somerset" title="List of civil parishes in Somerset">List of civil parishes in Somerset</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/River_Alham" title="River Alham">Alham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Aller" title="River Aller">Aller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Avill" title="River Avill">Avill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Avon,_Bristol" title="River Avon, Bristol">Avon</a></li> <li>Axe rivers <ul><li><a href="/wiki/River_Axe_(Bristol_Channel)" title="River Axe (Bristol Channel)">Bristol Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Axe_(Lyme_Bay)" title="River Axe (Lyme Bay)">Lyme Bay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badgworthy_Water" title="Badgworthy Water">Badgworthy Water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Banwell" title="River Banwell">Banwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Barle" title="River Barle">Barle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Brue" title="River Brue">Brue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cam_Brook" title="Cam Brook">Cam Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Cary" title="River Cary">Cary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Chew" title="River Chew">Chew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Lyn_River" title="East Lyn River">East Lyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Exe" title="River Exe">Exe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fivehead_River" title="Fivehead River">Fivehead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Frome,_Somerset" title="River Frome, Somerset">Frome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Haddeo" title="River Haddeo">Haddeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoar_Oak_Water" title="Hoar Oak Water">Hoar Oak Water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Holford" title="River Holford">Holford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Horner" title="River Horner">Horner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Huntspill" title="River Huntspill">Huntspill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Isle" title="River Isle">Isle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_Yeo" title="Land Yeo">Land Yeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mells_River" title="Mells River">Mells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midford_Brook" title="Midford Brook">Midford Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oare_Water" title="Oare Water">Oare Water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Parrett" title="River Parrett">Parret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severn_Estuary" title="Severn Estuary">Severn Estuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Sheppey" title="River Sheppey">Sheppey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Somer" title="River Somer">Somer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sowy_River" title="Sowy River">Sowy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Tone" title="River Tone">Tone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washford_River" title="Washford River">Washford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellow_Brook" title="Wellow Brook">Wellow Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Lyn_River" title="West Lyn River">West Lyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitelake_River" title="Whitelake River">Whitelake</a></li> <li>Yeo rivers <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congresbury_Yeo" title="Congresbury Yeo">Congresbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Yeo_(South_Somerset)" title="River Yeo (South Somerset)">South Somerset</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Country_houses_in_Somerset" title="Category:Country houses in Somerset">Country houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerset_County_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Somerset County Council">County Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Somerset" title="Culture of Somerset">Culture of Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Somerset" title="Economy of Somerset">Economy of Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Somerset" title="Flag of Somerset">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Somerset" title="Geography of Somerset">Geography of Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Somerset" title="Geology of Somerset">Geology of Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grade_I_listed_buildings_in_Somerset" title="Grade I listed buildings in Somerset">Grade I listed buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grade_II*_listed_buildings_in_Somerset" title="Grade II* listed buildings in Somerset">Grade II* listed buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Sheriff_of_Somerset" title="High Sheriff of Somerset">High Sheriff of Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Somerset" title="History of Somerset">History of Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_local_nature_reserves_in_Somerset" title="List of local nature reserves in Somerset">Local nature reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Lieutenant_of_Somerset" title="Lord Lieutenant of Somerset">Lord Lieutenant of Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Somerset" title="List of museums in Somerset">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_nature_reserves_in_Somerset" title="List of national nature reserves in Somerset">National nature reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliamentary_constituencies_in_Somerset" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliamentary constituencies in Somerset">Parliamentary constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Somerset" title="List of places in Somerset">Places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_settlements_in_Somerset_by_population" title="List of settlements in Somerset by population">Population of major settlements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scheduled_monuments_in_Somerset" title="Scheduled monuments in Somerset">Scheduled monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Somerset" title="List of schools in Somerset">Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sites_of_Special_Scientific_Interest_in_Somerset" title="List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Somerset">SSSIs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Somerset" title="Transport in Somerset">Transport in Somerset</a> Geographic areas: <a href="/wiki/Blackdown_Hills" title="Blackdown Hills">Blackdown Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brendon_Hills" title="Brendon Hills">Brendon Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chew_Valley" title="Chew Valley">Chew Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exmoor" title="Exmoor">Exmoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mendip_Hills" title="Mendip Hills">Mendip Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polden_Hills" title="Polden Hills">Polden Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quantock_Hills" title="Quantock Hills">Quantock Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerset_Levels" title="Somerset Levels">Somerset Levels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_West_Coast_Path" title="South West Coast Path">South West Coast Path</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Somerset_Coast_Path" title="West Somerset Coast Path">West Somerset Coast Path</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="1974–1996_←_Ceremonial_counties_of_England_→_current" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:England_counties" title="Template:England counties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:England_counties" 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