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Available in 14 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_d%27Apol%C2%B7lo_(Pompeia)" title="Temple d'Apol·lo (Pompeia) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Temple d'Apol·lo (Pompeia)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apoll%C3%B3n%C5%AFv_chr%C3%A1m_(Pompeje)" title="Apollónův chrám (Pompeje) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Apollónův chrám (Pompeje)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollontempel_(Pompeji)" title="Apollontempel (Pompeji) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Apollontempel (Pompeji)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%B1%CF%8C%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%91%CF%80%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%BB%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%B1_(%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B7%CE%AF%CE%B1)" title="Ναός του Απόλλωνα (Πομπηία) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ναός του Απόλλωνα (Πομπηία)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templo_de_Apolo_(Pompeya)" title="Templo de Apolo (Pompeya) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Templo de Apolo (Pompeya)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_d%27Apollon_(Pomp%C3%A9i)" title="Temple d'Apollon (Pompéi) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Temple d'Apollon (Pompéi)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apolonov_hram_u_Pompejima" title="Apolonov hram u Pompejima – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Apolonov hram u Pompejima" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempio_di_Apollo_(Pompei)" title="Tempio di Apollo (Pompei) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tempio di Apollo (Pompei)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88" title="معبد ابولو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="معبد ابولو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Awi%C4%85tynia_Apollina_w_Pompejach" title="Świątynia Apollina w Pompejach – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Świątynia Apollina w Pompejach" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templo_de_Apolo_(Pompeia)" title="Templo de Apolo (Pompeia) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Templo de Apolo (Pompeia)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%90%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B8)" title="Храм Аполлона (Помпеи) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Храм Аполлона (Помпеи)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apol%C3%B3nov_chr%C3%A1m_(Pompeje)" title="Apolónov chrám (Pompeje) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Apolónov chrám (Pompeje)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%A5%9E%E5%BB%9F_(%E9%BE%90%E8%B2%9D)" title="太陽神廟 (龐貝) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="太陽神廟 (龐貝)" 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class="latitude">40°44′57″N</span> <span class="longitude">14°29′04″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.74921°N 14.4844°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.74921; 14.4844</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Pompeii</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Oldest Roman temple in Pompeii</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Temple_of_Apollo_(Pompeii)" title="Special:EditPage/Temple of Apollo (Pompeii)">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Temple+of+Apollo%22+Pompeii">"Temple of Apollo" Pompeii</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Temple+of+Apollo%22+Pompeii+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Temple+of+Apollo%22+Pompeii&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Temple+of+Apollo%22+Pompeii+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Temple+of+Apollo%22+Pompeii">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Temple+of+Apollo%22+Pompeii&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pompei_5058.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Pompei_5058.jpg/260px-Pompei_5058.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Pompei_5058.jpg/390px-Pompei_5058.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Pompei_5058.jpg/520px-Pompei_5058.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>The Temple of Apollo in Pompeii. <a href="/wiki/Mount_Vesuvius" title="Mount Vesuvius">Mount Vesuvius</a> is to the far left.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Temple of Apollo</b>, also known as the Sanctuary of Apollo, is a <a href="/wiki/Roman_temple" title="Roman temple">Roman temple</a> built in 120 BC and dedicated to the Greek and Roman god <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a> in the ancient Roman town of <a href="/wiki/Pompeii" title="Pompeii">Pompeii</a>, southern Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sanctuary was a public space influenced by Roman colonists to be dedicated to Greco-Roman religion and culture.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Architecture_in_the_Forum">Architecture in the Forum</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Temple_of_Apollo_(Pompeii)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Architecture in the Forum"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Located in the forum (market place) and facing the northern side of the town, it is the town's most important religious building. It was one of the two earliest temples built in Pompeii, the other being the Temple of Minerva and Hercules, which was near the forum.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cult of Apollo, imported from Greece, was widespread in <a href="/wiki/Campania" title="Campania">Campania</a>, and from excavations in the temple's vicinity has been shown to have been present in Pompeii since the 6th century BC. The sanctuary's present appearance dates from its 2nd-century BC rebuild, and a further reconstruction to repair damage from the <a href="/wiki/62_Pompeii_earthquake" class="mw-redirect" title="62 Pompeii earthquake">62 earthquake</a>, in which a large part of the temple collapsed and repairs which were left incomplete at the time of the eruption.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The temple, in the center of a <a href="/wiki/Sacred_enclosure" title="Sacred enclosure">sacred enclosure</a>, was surrounded on all four sides by a wide series of <a href="/wiki/Tuff" title="Tuff">tuff</a> columns from <a href="/wiki/Nocera_Inferiore" title="Nocera Inferiore">Nocera</a>, originally grooved and with <a href="/wiki/Ionic_order" title="Ionic order">Ionic</a> capitals, that were being replaced with <a href="/wiki/Stucco" title="Stucco">stucco</a> columns and <a href="/wiki/Corinthian_order" title="Corinthian order">Corinthian</a> capitals painted in yellow, red and dark blue. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pompeii_Regio_07_Insula_07_Temple_of_Apollo_plan_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Pompeii_Regio_07_Insula_07_Temple_of_Apollo_plan_01.jpg/220px-Pompeii_Regio_07_Insula_07_Temple_of_Apollo_plan_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Pompeii_Regio_07_Insula_07_Temple_of_Apollo_plan_01.jpg/330px-Pompeii_Regio_07_Insula_07_Temple_of_Apollo_plan_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Pompeii_Regio_07_Insula_07_Temple_of_Apollo_plan_01.jpg/440px-Pompeii_Regio_07_Insula_07_Temple_of_Apollo_plan_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="722" data-file-height="510" /></a><figcaption>Plan of the temple</figcaption></figure> <p>The temple itself, a <a href="/wiki/Peripteros" title="Peripteros">peripteros</a> with 48 <a href="/wiki/Ionic_column" class="mw-redirect" title="Ionic column">Ionic columns</a>, was on a high podium and entered up an imposing set of steps, in a fusion of Greek and Italic architectural ideas.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unusually, the <a href="/wiki/Cella" title="Cella">cella</a> is sited further back with respect to the <a href="/wiki/Peristyle" title="Peristyle">peristyle</a>. In front of the steps may still be seen a white marble altar on a <a href="/wiki/Travertine" title="Travertine">travertine</a> base, with a Latin inscription giving the names of the <a href="/wiki/Quattuorvir" class="mw-redirect" title="Quattuorvir">quattuorviri</a> who dedicated it. To side of the steps is an Ionic column that supported a <a href="/wiki/Sundial" title="Sundial">sundial</a> and an inscribed plaque that was donated by a pair of magistrates, who are recorded to have donated another plaque and seat at the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pompeiisites.org/en/archaeological-site/triangular-forum/">Triangular Forum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Temple_of_Apollo_(7238817402).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Temple_of_Apollo_%287238817402%29.jpg/170px-Temple_of_Apollo_%287238817402%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Temple_of_Apollo_%287238817402%29.jpg/255px-Temple_of_Apollo_%287238817402%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Temple_of_Apollo_%287238817402%29.jpg/340px-Temple_of_Apollo_%287238817402%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Dedication of a sundial at the Temple of Apollo</figcaption></figure> <p>In the side of the perimeter wall of the Temple of Apollo, facing onto the town's <a href="/wiki/Forum_(Roman)" title="Forum (Roman)">forum</a>, a niche is extracted containing the <i>mensa ponderaria</i>; the table with the town's official measures, to guarantee the citizen against fraudulent shopkeepers and merchandise. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Excavations">Excavations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Temple_of_Apollo_(Pompeii)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Excavations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Excavation of the temple first began in February of 1817 and it was mistakenly identified as the Temple of Venus <sup id="cite_ref-:3_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and then as the <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Mercury" title="Temple of Mercury">Temple of Mercury</a> when fragments of a marble statue and two bronze arms positioned to fire an arrow were recovered.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fragments belong to the temple's deities – one representing Apollo, the other a bust of Diana – both of which would have been facing the columns of the portico. They are in display in the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.getty.edu/art/exhibitions/apollo_pompeii/">J. Paul Getty Museum</a> in Malibu, California, though copies of two of them have been placed where the originals were found. </p><p>The elegant <a href="/wiki/Doric_order" title="Doric order">Doric</a> <a href="/wiki/Architrave" title="Architrave">architrave</a> of <a href="/wiki/Metope_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Metope (architecture)">metopes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Triglyph" title="Triglyph">triglyphs</a> resting on the columns was transformed into a continuous frieze with <a href="/wiki/Griffin" title="Griffin">griffins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Festoon" title="Festoon">festoons</a> and foliage. Today, the remains of the temple front appear as they originally did, since almost all of this transformation in plaster has disappeared. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Temple_of_Apollo_(Pompeii)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ancient_Roman_temples" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Ancient Roman temples">List of Ancient Roman temples</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Temple_of_Apollo_(Pompeii)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Zanker, Paul. 1998. Pompeii: public and private life.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Beard, Mary. 2008. The Fires of Vesuvius: Pompeii Lost and Found<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Boschi, Federica; Rescigno, Carlo (2021). “The sanctuary of Apollo in Pompeii: new geophysical and archaeological investigations.” GROM Documenting Archeology.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alison_E._Cooley" title="Alison E. Cooley">Cooley, Alison E.</a>; Cooley, M. G. L.. 2014. Pompeii and Herculaneum: A Sourcebook.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Van Andringa, William. "Statues in the Temples of Pompeii." <i>Historical and Religious Memory in the Ancient World</i>(2012): 83.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Temple_of_Apollo_(Pompeii)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMillonBlochBoardmanBush-Brown2000" class="citation journal cs1">Millon, Henry A.; Bloch, Raymond; Boardman, John; Bush-Brown, Albert; Cannon-Brookes, Peter; Culican, William; Middleton, Robin David; Fleming, William; Martindale, Andrew Henry Robert; Hoffmann, Herbert; Kemp, Martin J.; Watkin, David John; Timmers, Jan Joseph Marie; Scranton, Robert L.; Millikin, Sandra; Coffin, David R.; Morrison, Hugh Sinclair; Stern, Henri; Rice, David Talbot; Voyce, Arthur; Zukowsky, John (12 January 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/Western-architecture/Roman-and-early-Christian#ref47303">"Roman And Early Christian"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopedia Britannica">Encyclopedia Britannica</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Inc." title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.">Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</a><span class="reference-accessdate"> Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Roman+And+Early+Christian&rft.date=2000-01-12&rft.aulast=Millon&rft.aufirst=Henry+A.&rft.au=Bloch%2C+Raymond&rft.au=Boardman%2C+John&rft.au=Bush-Brown%2C+Albert&rft.au=Cannon-Brookes%2C+Peter&rft.au=Culican%2C+William&rft.au=Middleton%2C+Robin+David&rft.au=Fleming%2C+William&rft.au=Martindale%2C+Andrew+Henry+Robert&rft.au=Hoffmann%2C+Herbert&rft.au=Kemp%2C+Martin+J.&rft.au=Watkin%2C+David+John&rft.au=Timmers%2C+Jan+Joseph+Marie&rft.au=Scranton%2C+Robert+L.&rft.au=Millikin%2C+Sandra&rft.au=Coffin%2C+David+R.&rft.au=Morrison%2C+Hugh+Sinclair&rft.au=Stern%2C+Henri&rft.au=Rice%2C+David+Talbot&rft.au=Voyce%2C+Arthur&rft.au=Zukowsky%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fart%2FWestern-architecture%2FRoman-and-early-Christian%23ref47303&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATemple+of+Apollo+%28Pompeii%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFZanker1998" class="citation book cs1">Zanker, Paul (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39143166"><i>Pompeii : public and private life</i></a>. Deborah Lucas Schneider. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-674-68966-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-674-68966-6"><bdi>0-674-68966-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/39143166">39143166</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pompeii+%3A+public+and+private+life&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+Mass.&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F39143166&rft.isbn=0-674-68966-6&rft.aulast=Zanker&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F39143166&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATemple+of+Apollo+%28Pompeii%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBeard2019" class="citation cs2">Beard, Mary (2019), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1122931416"><i>The Fires of Vesuvius : Pompeii Lost and Found</i></a>, Phyllida Nash, [Old Saybrook], <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-9773-4996-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-9773-4996-5"><bdi>978-1-9773-4996-5</bdi></a>, <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1122931416">1122931416</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-25</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Fires+of+Vesuvius+%3A+Pompeii+Lost+and+Found&rft.place=%5BOld+Saybrook%5D&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1122931416&rft.isbn=978-1-9773-4996-5&rft.aulast=Beard&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1122931416&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATemple+of+Apollo+%28Pompeii%29" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">citation</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBoschiRescigno2021" class="citation journal cs1">Boschi, Federica; Rescigno, Carlo (2021-03-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230505132238/https://groma.unibo.it/boschi-rescigno-santuario-apollo-pompei">"The sanctuary of Apollo in Pompeii: new geophysical and archaeological investigations"</a>. <i>Groma. Documenting Archaeology</i>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.12977%2Fgroma29">10.12977/groma29</a> (inactive 1 November 2024). <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2531-6672">2531-6672</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://groma.unibo.it/boschi-rescigno-santuario-apollo-pompei">the original</a> on 2023-05-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Cooley">Cooley, Alison</a>; Cooley, M. G. L. (2014). <i>Pompeii and Herculaneum a sourcebook</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">12–</span>119. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-66680-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-66680-0"><bdi>978-0-415-66680-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pompeii+and+Herculaneum+a+sourcebook&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E12-%3C%2Fspan%3E119&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-415-66680-0&rft.aulast=Cooley&rft.aufirst=Alison&rft.au=Cooley%2C+M.+G.+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATemple+of+Apollo+%28Pompeii%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span 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Vesuvius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_62_Pompeii_earthquake" title="AD 62 Pompeii earthquake">AD 62 Pompeii earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eruption_of_Mount_Vesuvius_in_79_AD" title="Eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD">Eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_influences_on_Pompeii" title="Foreign influences on Pompeii">Foreign influences on Pompeii</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Villas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Villa_of_Diomedes" title="Villa of Diomedes">Villa of Diomedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_of_the_Mysteries" title="Villa of the Mysteries">Villa of the Mysteries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Domus" title="Domus">Domus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_the_Centenary" title="House of the Centenary">House of the Centenary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_the_Faun" title="House of the Faun">House of the Faun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Julia_Felix" title="House of Julia Felix">House of Julia Felix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Garden_of_the_Fugitives" class="mw-redirect" title="The Garden of the Fugitives">The Garden of the Fugitives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_the_Greek_Epigrams" title="House of the Greek Epigrams">House of the Greek Epigrams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Loreius_Tiburtinus" title="House of Loreius Tiburtinus">House of Loreius Tiburtinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Marcus_Lucretius_Fronto" title="House of Marcus Lucretius Fronto">House of Marcus Lucretius Fronto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casa_del_Menandro" class="mw-redirect" title="Casa del Menandro">House of Menander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Octavius_Quartio" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Octavius Quartio">House of Octavius Quartio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_the_Prince_of_Naples" title="House of the Prince of Naples">House of the Prince of Naples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Sallust" title="House of Sallust">House of Sallust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_the_Silver_Wedding" title="House of the Silver Wedding">House of the Silver Wedding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_the_Small_Fountain" title="House of the Small Fountain">House of the Small Fountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_the_Surgeon" title="House of the Surgeon">House of the Surgeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_the_Tragic_Poet" title="House of the Tragic Poet">House of the Tragic Poet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_the_Vettii" title="House of the Vettii">House of the Vettii</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aqua_Augusta_(Naples)" title="Aqua Augusta (Naples)">Aqua Augusta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macellum_of_Pompeii" title="Macellum of Pompeii">Macellum of Pompeii</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Recreational</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphitheatre_of_Pompeii" title="Amphitheatre of Pompeii">Amphitheatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lupanar" title="Lupanar">Lupanar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suburban_Baths_(Pompeii)" title="Suburban Baths (Pompeii)">Suburban Baths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stabian_Baths" title="Stabian Baths">Stabian Baths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_Area_of_Pompeii" title="Theatre Area of Pompeii">Theatre Area</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Temples</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Temple of Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Isis_(Pompeii)" title="Temple of Isis (Pompeii)">Temple of Isis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Jupiter_(Pompeii)" title="Temple of Jupiter (Pompeii)">Temple of Jupiter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achilles_and_Briseis" title="Achilles and Briseis">Achilles and Briseis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Mosaic" title="Alexander Mosaic">Alexander Mosaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plato%27s_Academy_mosaic" title="Plato's Academy mosaic">Plato's Academy mosaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Terentius_Neo" title="Portrait of Terentius Neo">Portrait of Terentius Neo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_art_in_Pompeii_and_Herculaneum" title="Erotic art in Pompeii and Herculaneum">Erotic art in Pompeii and Herculaneum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompeian_Styles" title="Pompeian Styles">Pompeian Styles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_issues_of_Pompeii_and_Herculaneum" title="Conservation issues of Pompeii and Herculaneum">Conservation issues of Pompeii and Herculaneum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_Pompeian_frescoes" title="Conservation and restoration of Pompeian frescoes">Pompeian frescoes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompeii_in_popular_culture" title="Pompeii in popular culture">Pompeii in popular culture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other sites destroyed<br /> in the 79 eruption</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herculaneum" title="Herculaneum">Herculaneum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Villa_of_the_Papyri" title="Villa of the Papyri">Villa of the Papyri</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oplontis" title="Oplontis">Oplontis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Poppaea" title="Villa Poppaea">Villa Poppaea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stabiae" title="Stabiae">Stabiae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Boscoreale" title="Villa Boscoreale">Villa Boscoreale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Archaeological</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Naples_National_Archaeological_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Naples National Archaeological Museum">Naples National Archaeological Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secret_Museum,_Naples" title="Secret Museum, Naples">Secret Museum, Naples</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artefacts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CIL_4.5296" title="CIL 4.5296">CIL 4.5296</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompeii_Lakshmi" title="Pompeii Lakshmi">Pompeii Lakshmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sator_Square" title="Sator Square">Sator Square</a> (CIL IV 8123, 8623)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Temple_of_Apollo_(Pompeii)&params=40.74921_N_14.4844_E_type:landmark_region:IT&title=Pompeii"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°44′57″N</span> <span class="longitude">14°29′04″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.74921°N 14.4844°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.74921; 14.4844</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Pompeii</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2699249#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata704" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible 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href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh95000671">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007290641705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/780913480">Pleiades</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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