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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Local_government_and_representation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_government_and_representation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Local government and representation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Local_government_and_representation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Local government and representation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Local_government_and_representation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2007_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2007_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>2007 elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2007_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Island_of_San_Andrés" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Island_of_San_Andrés"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Island of San Andrés</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Island_of_San_Andrés-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-San_Andrés_Island" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#San_Andrés_Island"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>San Andrés Island</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-San_Andrés_Island-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cayos_de_Albuquerque_(Cayos_de_S.W.,_Southwest_Cays)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cayos_de_Albuquerque_(Cayos_de_S.W.,_Southwest_Cays)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Cayos de Albuquerque (Cayos de S.W., Southwest Cays)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cayos_de_Albuquerque_(Cayos_de_S.W.,_Southwest_Cays)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cayos_del_Este_Sudeste_(Courtown_Cays,_Cayos_de_E.S.E.)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cayos_del_Este_Sudeste_(Courtown_Cays,_Cayos_de_E.S.E.)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3</span> <span>Cayos del Este Sudeste (Courtown Cays, Cayos de E.S.E.)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cayos_del_Este_Sudeste_(Courtown_Cays,_Cayos_de_E.S.E.)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Banks_and_shoals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Banks_and_shoals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.4</span> <span>Banks and shoals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Banks_and_shoals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transportation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Airports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Airports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet 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Available in 64 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_en_Providencia" title="San Andrés en Providencia – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="San Andrés en Providencia" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_und_Providencia" title="San Andrés und Providencia – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="San Andrés und Providencia" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%AE%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="إدارة أرخبيل سان أندريس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إدارة أرخبيل سان أندريس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andres_v%C9%99_Providensiya" title="San Andres və Providensiya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="San Andres və Providensiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81_%D0%B8_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сан Андрес и Провиденсия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сан Андрес и Провиденсия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia" title="San Andrés y Providencia – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="San Andrés y Providencia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia" title="San Andrés y Providencia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="San Andrés y Providencia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Providencia_y_Santa_Catalina" title="Providencia y Santa Catalina – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Providencia y Santa Catalina" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_a_Providencia" title="San Andrés a Providencia – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="San Andrés a Providencia" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia" title="San Andrés y Providencia – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="San Andrés y Providencia" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departamento_Archipi%C3%A9lago_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_y_Santa_Catalina" title="Departamento Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Departamento Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%A3%CE%B1%CE%BD_%CE%91%CE%BD%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%B1" title="Διαμέρισμα Σαν Αντρές και Προβιδένσια – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Διαμέρισμα Σαν Αντρές και Προβιδένσια" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81-%D0%B4%D1%8B-%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сан-Андрес-ды-Провиденсия – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Сан-Андрес-ды-Провиденсия" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archipi%C3%A9lago_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_y_Santa_Catalina" title="Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departemento_Sankta_Andreo_kaj_Providenco" title="Departemento Sankta Andreo kaj Providenco – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Departemento Sankta Andreo kaj Providenco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_eta_Providencia_(departamendua)" title="San Andrés eta Providencia (departamendua) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="San Andrés eta Providencia (departamendua)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D9%86_%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%8C_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D9%88_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7" title="مجمع‌الجزایر سن آندرس، پروویدنسیا و سانتا کاتالینا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مجمع‌الجزایر سن آندرس، پروویدنسیا و سانتا کاتالینا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archipel_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_et_Santa_Catalina" title="Archipel de San Andrés, Providencia et Santa Catalina – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Archipel de San Andrés, Providencia et Santa Catalina" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia_(Roinn)" title="San Andrés y Providencia (Roinn) – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="San Andrés y Providencia (Roinn)" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arquip%C3%A9lago_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_e_Santa_Catalina" title="Arquipélago de San Andrés, Providencia e Santa Catalina – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Arquipélago de San Andrés, Providencia e Santa Catalina" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%B0%EC%95%88%EB%93%9C%EB%A0%88%EC%8A%A4%EC%9D%B4%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EB%B9%84%EB%8D%B4%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%A3%BC" title="산안드레스이프로비덴시아주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="산안드레스이프로비덴시아주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purpuro_ti_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_ken_Santa_Catalina" title="Purpuro ti San Andrés, Providencia ken Santa Catalina – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Purpuro ti San Andrés, Providencia ken Santa Catalina" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departemen_San_Andr%C3%A9s_dan_Providencia" title="Departemen San Andrés dan Providencia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Departemen San Andrés dan Providencia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81_%C3%A6%D0%BC%C3%A6_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Сан-Андрес æмæ Провиденси – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Сан-Андрес æмæ Провиденси" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipartimento_dell%27Arcipelago_di_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_e_Santa_Catalina" title="Dipartimento dell'Arcipelago di San Andrés, Providencia e Santa Catalina – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dipartimento dell'Arcipelago di San Andrés, Providencia e Santa Catalina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%9F_%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%A1_%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%91%D7%99%D7%93%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%94" title="סן אנדרס ופרובידנסיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סן אנדרס ופרובידנסיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C-%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1-%E1%83%98-%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="სან-ანდრეს-ი-პროვიდენსია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სან-ანდრეს-ი-პროვიდენსია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81_%D0%B6%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сан-Андрес және Провиденсия – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сан-Андрес және Провиденсия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_na_Santa_Catalina" title="San Andrés, Providencia na Santa Catalina – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="San Andrés, Providencia na Santa Catalina" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andres_i_Providensia" title="San Andres i Providensia – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="San Andres i Providensia" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ventojo_Andriejaus_ir_Apvaizdos_salos" title="Šventojo Andriejaus ir Apvaizdos salos – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šventojo Andriejaus ir Apvaizdos salos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia_megye" title="San Andrés y Providencia megye – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="San Andrés y Providencia megye" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentadbiran_San_Andr%C3%A9s_dan_Providencia" title="Pentadbiran San Andrés dan Providencia – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pentadbiran San Andrés dan Providencia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_en_Providencia" title="San Andrés en Providencia – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="San Andrés en Providencia" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A4%E3%83%BB%E3%83%97%E3%83%AD%E3%83%93%E3%83%87%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A2%E7%9C%8C" title="サン・アンドレス・イ・プロビデンシア県 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サン・アンドレス・イ・プロビデンシア県" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andres_an_Providencia" title="San Andres an Providencia – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="San Andres an Providencia" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia" title="San Andrés y Providencia – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="San Andrés y Providencia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%98ygruppa_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_og_Santa_Catalina" title="Øygruppa San Andrés, Providencia og Santa Catalina – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Øygruppa San Andrés, Providencia og Santa Catalina" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8,_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%82-%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B9" title="ਸਾਨ ਆਂਦਰੇਸ, ਪ੍ਰੋਵੀਦੈਂਸੀਆ ਅਤੇ ਸਾਂਤਾ ਕਾਤਾਲੀਨਾ ਟਾਪੂ-ਸਮੂਹ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਾਨ ਆਂਦਰੇਸ, ਪ੍ਰੋਵੀਦੈਂਸੀਆ ਅਤੇ ਸਾਂਤਾ ਕਾਤਾਲੀਨਾ ਟਾਪੂ-ਸਮੂਹ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D8%AA%DB%92_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7_%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%B9%D9%85%D9%86%D9%B9" title="سان آندرس تے پروویدنسیا ڈیپارٹمنٹ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سان آندرس تے پروویدنسیا ڈیپارٹمنٹ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archipelago_a_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providence_ah_Santa_Catalina" title="Archipelago a San Andrés, Providence ah Santa Catalina – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Archipelago a San Andrés, Providence ah Santa Catalina" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_i_Providencia" title="San Andrés i Providencia – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="San Andrés i Providencia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santo_Andr%C3%A9,_Provid%C3%AAncia_e_Santa_Catarina" title="Santo André, Providência e Santa Catarina – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Santo André, Providência e Santa Catarina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_wan_Providencia_suyu" title="San Andrés wan Providencia suyu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="San Andrés wan Providencia suyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81_%D0%B8_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сан-Андрес и Провиденсия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сан-Андрес и Провиденсия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airchipelago_o_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_an_Santa_Catalina" title="Airchipelago o San Andrés, Providencia an Santa Catalina – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Airchipelago o San Andrés, Providencia an Santa Catalina" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina" title="Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81_%D0%B8_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Сан Андрес и Провиденсија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сан Андрес и Провиденсија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia_(departman)" title="San Andrés y Providencia (departman) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="San Andrés y Providencia (departman)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_y_Santa_Catalina" title="San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_och_Providencia" title="San Andrés och Providencia – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="San Andrés och Providencia" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archipi%C3%A9lago_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_y_Santa_Catalina" title="Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="จังหวัดซานอันเดรสและโปรบิเดนเซีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จังหวัดซานอันเดรสและโปรบิเดนเซีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_ve_Santa_Catalina_Tak%C4%B1madalar%C4%B1" title="San Andrés, Providencia ve Santa Catalina Takımadaları – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="San Andrés, Providencia ve Santa Catalina Takımadaları" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81-%D1%96-%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Сан-Андрес-і-Провіденсія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сан-Андрес-і-Провіденсія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%8C_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7" title="مجمع الجزائر سان اندریس، پروودینسیا اور سانتا کاتالینا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مجمع الجزائر سان اندریس، پروودینسیا اور سانتا کاتالینا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%E1%BA%A7n_%C4%91%E1%BA%A3o_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_v%C3%A0_Santa_Catalina" title="Quần đảo San Andrés, Providencia và Santa Catalina – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quần đảo San Andrés, Providencia và Santa Catalina" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_y_Santa_Catalina" title="San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina – Wayuu" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="Wayuu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapuropod-an_han_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_ngan_Santa_Catalina" title="Kapuropod-an han San Andrés, Providencia ngan Santa Catalina – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kapuropod-an han San Andrés, Providencia ngan Santa Catalina" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E7%83%88%E6%96%AF-%E6%99%AE%E7%BD%97%E7%BB%B4%E7%99%BB%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%90%AD%E5%9C%A3%E5%8D%A1%E5%A1%94%E5%88%A9%E5%A8%9C%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B%E7%9C%81" title="圣安德烈斯-普罗维登西亚搭圣卡塔利娜群岛省 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="圣安德烈斯-普罗维登西亚搭圣卡塔利娜群岛省" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_%C3%A0ti_Santa_Catalina" title="San Andrés, Providencia àti Santa Catalina – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="San Andrés, Providencia àti Santa Catalina" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Andresos_%C4%97_Pruov%C4%97dens%C4%97j%C4%97" title="San Andresos ė Pruovėdensėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="San Andresos ė Pruovėdensėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E7%83%88%E6%96%AF-%E6%99%AE%E7%BE%85%E7%B6%AD%E7%99%BB%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%92%8C%E8%81%96%E5%8D%A1%E5%A1%94%E5%88%A9%E5%A8%9C%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6%E7%9C%81" title="聖安德烈斯-普羅維登西亞和聖卡塔利娜群島省 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="聖安德烈斯-普羅維登西亞和聖卡塔利娜群島省" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%93%E2%B4%B3%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%9C_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%99%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B7%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%99" title="ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⴷⴰⵔⵉⵙ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⴷⴰⵔⵉⵙ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q26855#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" 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div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Archipelago of San Andrés,<br />Providencia and Santa Catalina</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native" lang="es">Archipiélago de San Andrés,<br />Providencia y Santa Catalina</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Departments_of_Colombia" title="Departments of Colombia">Department</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina"><img alt="Flag of Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg/100px-Flag_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg/150px-Flag_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg/200px-Flag_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Escudo_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina"><img alt="Coat of arms of Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Escudo_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg/92px-Escudo_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="92" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Escudo_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg/138px-Escudo_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Escudo_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg/183px-Escudo_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="624" data-file-height="680" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Motto(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><i>Paraíso Turístico</i><br /><i>Tourist Paradise</i></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Anthem: <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/es:Himno_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia" class="extiw" title="wikisource:es:Himno de San Andrés y Providencia">Himno de San Andrés y Providencia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Andres_and_Providencia_in_Colombia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="San Andrés and Providencia shown in the Caribbean map"><img alt="San Andrés and Providencia shown in the Caribbean map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/San_Andres_and_Providencia_in_Colombia.svg/250px-San_Andres_and_Providencia_in_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/San_Andres_and_Providencia_in_Colombia.svg/375px-San_Andres_and_Providencia_in_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/San_Andres_and_Providencia_in_Colombia.svg/500px-San_Andres_and_Providencia_in_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2027" data-file-height="2294" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">San Andrés and Providencia shown in the Caribbean map</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia_relief_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Topography of the archipelago"><img alt="Topography of the archipelago" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia_relief_location_map.svg/250px-San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia_relief_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia_relief_location_map.svg/375px-San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia_relief_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia_relief_location_map.svg/500px-San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia_relief_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Topography of the archipelago</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&params=12_33_N_81_43_W_region:CO_type:adm2nd"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">12°33′N</span> <span class="longitude">81°43′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">12.550°N 81.717°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">12.550; -81.717</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Natural_regions_of_Colombia" title="Natural regions of Colombia">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Insular_region_of_Colombia" title="Insular region of Colombia">Insular Region</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">4 July 1991</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capital</a></th><td class="infobox-data">North End (<a href="/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s,_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia" title="San Andrés, San Andrés y Providencia">San Andrés City</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Governor</th><td class="infobox-data">Everth Hawkins Sjogreen (2019−present) (El Movimiento Amplio por el Progreso del Archipiélago)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">52.5 km<sup>2</sup> (20.3 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Colombian_departments_by_area" title="List of Colombian departments by area">33rd</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2018)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">61,280</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Colombian_departments_by_population" title="List of Colombian departments by population">29th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">1,200/km<sup>2</sup> (3,000/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">GDP<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Colombian_peso" title="Colombian peso">COP</a> 2,125 billion<br />(<a href="/wiki/US$" class="mw-redirect" title="US$">US$</a> 0.5 billion)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9205:00" title="UTC−05:00">UTC−05:00</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:CO" title="ISO 3166-2:CO">CO-SAP</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0.780<sup id="cite_ref-GlobalDataLab_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GlobalDataLab-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0c0">high</span> · <a href="/wiki/List_of_Colombian_departments_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of Colombian departments by Human Development Index">3rd of 33</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sanandres.gov.co/">SanAndres.gov.co</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina</b> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina</i>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="es-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Spanish" title="Help:IPA/Spanish">[aɾtʃiˈpjelaɣo<span class="wrap"> </span>ðe<span class="wrap"> </span>ˌsan<span class="wrap"> </span>anˈdɾes<span class="wrap"> </span>pɾoβiˈðensja<span class="wrap"> </span>j<span class="wrap"> </span>ˌsanta<span class="wrap"> </span>kataˈlina]</a></span>), or <b>San Andrés and Providencia</b>, is one of the <a href="/wiki/Departments_of_Colombia" title="Departments of Colombia">departments of Colombia</a>, and the only one located geographically in <a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central America</a>. It consists of two island groups in the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean Sea</a> about 775 km (418 nmi; 482 mi) northwest of mainland Colombia, and eight outlying banks and reefs. The largest island of the archipelago and <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> is called <a href="/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_(island)" title="San Andrés (island)">San Andrés</a> and its capital is <a href="/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s,_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia" title="San Andrés, San Andrés y Providencia">San Andrés</a>. The other large islands are <a href="/wiki/Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina_Islands" title="Providencia and Santa Catalina Islands">Providencia and Santa Catalina Islands</a> which lie to the north-east of San Andrés; their capital is Santa Isabel. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name is sometimes abbreviated to "Archip. de San Andres".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The official website abbreviates it as San Andrés ("Gobernación de San Andrés").<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:CO" title="ISO 3166-2:CO">ISO 3166-2:CO</a> lists it as "San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Statoids lists it as "San Andrés y Providencia".<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Spain formally claimed the archipelago of <a href="/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_(island)" title="San Andrés (island)">San Andres</a> and <a href="/wiki/Isla_de_Providencia" class="mw-redirect" title="Isla de Providencia">Providencia</a> in 1510, a few years after the <a href="/wiki/Voyages_of_Christopher_Columbus" title="Voyages of Christopher Columbus">voyages of Christopher Columbus</a>. In 1544, the territory was placed under the administration of the <a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Guatemala" title="Captaincy General of Guatemala">Captaincy General of Guatemala</a>. During the early years, Spain concentrated on exploring and colonizing the mainland and hardly settled the islands.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1630, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">English</a> <a href="/wiki/Puritans" title="Puritans">Puritans</a> arrived in Providence Island, under the aegis of the <a href="/wiki/Providence_Island_Company" title="Providence Island Company">Providence Island Company</a>. The Puritans decided to settle the tropical islands, rather than cold, rocky <a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a>, but the <a href="/wiki/Providence_Island_colony" title="Providence Island colony">Providence Island colony</a> did not succeed in the same way as the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Colony" title="Massachusetts Bay Colony">Massachusetts Bay Colony</a>. They established <a href="/wiki/Slave" class="mw-redirect" title="Slave">slave</a>-worked plantations and engaged in <a href="/wiki/Privateering" class="mw-redirect" title="Privateering">privateering</a>, which led to the Spanish and Portuguese conquering the colony in May, 1641.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1670, English <a href="/wiki/Buccaneers" class="mw-redirect" title="Buccaneers">buccaneers</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Morgan" title="Henry Morgan">Henry Morgan</a>, took over the islands, which he used as a base to attack <a href="/wiki/Panama_City" title="Panama City">Panama</a>. The buccaneers abandoned the islands by 1672. There is no record of anyone inhabiting the islands from then for another century. </p><p>In 1775, Lieutenant Tomás O'Neil, a Spaniard of Irish descent, was given military command of the islands and, in 1790, was named governor. He requested the transfer of the islands to the jurisdiction of the <a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_New_Granada" title="Viceroyalty of New Granada">Viceroyalty of New Granada</a>, which was granted in 1803. That year, Spain assigned the islands, together with the province of <a href="/wiki/Veraguas" class="mw-redirect" title="Veraguas">Veraguas</a> (western <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a> and the east coast of <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a>), to the <a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_New_Granada" title="Viceroyalty of New Granada">Viceroyalty of New Granada</a>. The territory was administered from the province of <a href="/wiki/Cartagena,_Colombia" title="Cartagena, Colombia">Cartagena</a>. Soon, trade links with Cartagena were greater than those with Guatemala.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On 4 July 1818, a French corsair, <a href="/wiki/Louis-Michel_Aury" title="Louis-Michel Aury">Louis-Michel Aury</a>, with 400 men and 14 ships flying the <a href="/wiki/Argentine_flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Argentine flag">Argentine flag</a>, captured Old Providence and St. Catherine islands. The island was populated by white English-speaking Protestants and their slaves. Aury and his team used the islands as their new base from which to pursue Central American independence. However, his efforts to also support Bolivar in his fight for Venezuelan and Colombian independence were repeatedly turned down.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>After the Spanish colonies became independent, the inhabitants of San Andrés, Providence and St. Catherine voluntarily adhered to the Republic of <a href="/wiki/Gran_Colombia" title="Gran Colombia">Gran Colombia</a> in 1822, which placed them under the administration of the <a href="/wiki/Magdalena_Department" title="Magdalena Department">Magdalena Department</a>. The <a href="/wiki/First_Mexican_Empire" title="First Mexican Empire">First Mexican Empire</a>, which was succeeded by the <a href="/wiki/United_Provinces_of_Central_America" class="mw-redirect" title="United Provinces of Central America">United Provinces of Central America</a> (UPCA), also claimed the islands. Gran Colombia, in turn, protested the UPCA's occupation of the eastern coast of Nicaragua. The UPCA broke up in 1838 to 1840, but Nicaragua carried on the dispute, as did Gran Colombia's successors: <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_New_Granada" title="Republic of New Granada">New Granada</a> and Colombia. A local administration (<i>intendencia</i>) was established in the islands in 1912 by Colombia.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1928, Colombia and Nicaragua signed the <a href="/wiki/Esguerra-B%C3%A1rcenas_Treaty" title="Esguerra-Bárcenas Treaty">Esguerra-Bárcenas Treaty</a>, which gave control of the islands to Colombia. However, when the <a href="/wiki/Sandinista" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandinista">Sandinista</a> government assumed power in the 1980s, Nicaragua repudiated the treaty. Colombia argues that the treaty's final ratification in 1930 (when the US forces were already on their way out) confirms its validity. Colombia and <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a> signed a <a href="/wiki/Maritime_boundary" title="Maritime boundary">maritime boundary</a> treaty in 1999, which implicitly accepts Colombian sovereignty over the islands.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 2001, Nicaragua filed claims with the <a href="/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice" title="International Court of Justice">International Court of Justice</a> (ICJ) over the disputed maritime boundary and claimed 50,000 km<sup>2</sup> (19,305 sq mi) in the Caribbean, including the San Andrés and Providencia Archipelagoes. Colombia responded that the court has no jurisdiction over the matter and increased its naval and police presence in the islands. Colombia also defended its claim in the ICJ. On 13 December 2007, the ICJ ruled that the islands were Colombian territory but left the maritime border dispute unresolved.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 19 November 2012, the ICJ held that Colombia had sovereignty over the islands. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States_claims">United States claims</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: United States claims"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 19th century, the United States claimed several uninhabited locations in the area under the <a href="/wiki/Guano_Island_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Guano Island Act">Guano Island Act</a>, including several now claimed by Colombia.<sup id="cite_ref-DOI_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOI-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1981, the US ceded its claims to <a href="/wiki/Serrana_Bank" title="Serrana Bank">Serrana Bank</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roncador_Bank" title="Roncador Bank">Roncador Bank</a> to Colombia and abandoned its claim to <a href="/wiki/Quita_Sue%C3%B1o_Bank" title="Quita Sueño Bank">Quita Sueño Bank</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The US still maintains claims over <a href="/wiki/Serranilla_Bank" title="Serranilla Bank">Serranilla Bank</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bajo_Nuevo_Bank" title="Bajo Nuevo Bank">Bajo Nuevo Bank</a> and considers them both to be unincorporated territories of the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-DOI_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOI-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Declaration_of_self-determination">Declaration of self-determination</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Declaration of self-determination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Raizal" title="Raizal">Raizal</a></div> <p>In 1903, the local Raizal population rejected an offer from the US to separate from Colombia in the wake of <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Separation_of_Panama_from_Colombia" title="Separation of Panama from Colombia">secession from Colombia</a>. However, the island's native population soon changed its mind when the policies of successive Colombian governments tried consistently to modify the majority Raizal and British ethnic composition of the Islands by the extensive migration of Spanish-speaking mainland Colombians. The efforts at assimilation and immigration were led largely by Catholic missionaries, which angered the Protestant native population.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Local_government_and_representation">Local government and representation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Local government and representation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2019</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2007_elections">2007 elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2007 elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A member of the departmental assembly for 15 years, Pedro Gallardo Forbes, of the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Integration_Movement" title="Regional Integration Movement">Regional Integration Movement</a> (MIR), won the <a href="/wiki/Colombian_regional_election,_2007" class="mw-redirect" title="Colombian regional election, 2007">28 October 2007 gubernatorial election</a>, with support from the <a href="/wiki/Colombian_Conservative_Party" title="Colombian Conservative Party">Colombian Conservative Party</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Radical_Change" title="Radical Change">Radical Change</a> party. He succeeded a governor from the <a href="/wiki/Colombian_Liberal_Party" title="Colombian Liberal Party">Colombian Liberal Party</a>. He got 8,187 votes (38.93%), Aury Guerrero Bowie (Liberal Party, with support from the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Colombia_Party" title="Democratic Colombia Party">Democratic Colombia Party</a>) 8,160 votes (38.8%), and Jack Housni Jaller (<a href="/wiki/Social_National_Unity_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Social National Unity Party">Social National Unity Party</a>) 4,063 votes (19.3%). Only 21,991 out of 41,197 potential electors voted in the gubernatorial election.<sup id="cite_ref-tiempo071026_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tiempo071026-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-archipelago071028_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archipelago071028-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the departmental assembly, elected the same day, the 9 seats were distributed among 6 parties: three Liberals (Arlington Howard, Qwincy Bowie Gordon, and Leroy Carol Bent Archbold), two MIR (Jorge Méndez and Freddy Herazo) two Democratic Colombia Party (former MP María Teresa Uribe Bent and former Interior Secretary Rafael Gómez Redondo), two SNUP (Fernando Cañon Florez and María Said Darwich), one Radical Change (Heber Esquivel Benitez), and one Conservative (Julio César Gallardo Martínez).<sup id="cite_ref-archipelago071028_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archipelago071028-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The new mayor of Providence, Janeth Archbold (<a href="/wiki/Team_Colombia" title="Team Colombia">Team Colombia</a> party), a political ally of the new governor, was elected with 1,013 votes against Liberal Mark Taylor (515 votes), SNUP Arturo Robinson (514 votes) and Conservative Peter Bent.<sup id="cite_ref-archipelago071028_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archipelago071028-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Besides the San Andrés and <a href="/wiki/Isla_de_Providencia" class="mw-redirect" title="Isla de Providencia">Providencia</a> island groups, there are eight <a href="/wiki/Atoll" title="Atoll">atolls</a> that belong to the department, including submerged <a href="/wiki/Alice_Shoal" title="Alice Shoal">Alice Shoal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Colombia_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Colombia-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Island_of_San_Andrés"><span id="Island_of_San_Andr.C3.A9s"></span>Island of San Andrés</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Island of San Andrés"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="San_Andrés_Island"><span id="San_Andr.C3.A9s_Island"></span>San Andrés Island</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: San Andrés Island"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_(island)" title="San Andrés (island)">San Andrés (island)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Andres_Island_Montage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/San_Andres_Island_Montage.jpg/220px-San_Andres_Island_Montage.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/San_Andres_Island_Montage.jpg/330px-San_Andres_Island_Montage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/San_Andres_Island_Montage.jpg/440px-San_Andres_Island_Montage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>San Andrés Island montage</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cayo_Cangrejo_Old_Providence_McBean_Lagoon.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Cayo_Cangrejo_Old_Providence_McBean_Lagoon.JPG/220px-Cayo_Cangrejo_Old_Providence_McBean_Lagoon.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Cayo_Cangrejo_Old_Providence_McBean_Lagoon.JPG/330px-Cayo_Cangrejo_Old_Providence_McBean_Lagoon.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Cayo_Cangrejo_Old_Providence_McBean_Lagoon.JPG/440px-Cayo_Cangrejo_Old_Providence_McBean_Lagoon.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Cangrejo Cay, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&params=13_22_34_N_81_20_52_W_&title=Cangrejo+Cay"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">13°22′34″N</span> <span class="longitude">81°20′52″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">13.37611°N 81.34778°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">13.37611; -81.34778</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Cangrejo Cay</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span></figcaption></figure> <p>This is the main island of the San Andrés group, and the largest of the department. It is located at <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&params=12_33_N_81_43_W_&title=San+Andr%C3%A9s+Island"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">12°33′N</span> <span class="longitude">81°43′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">12.550°N 81.717°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">12.550; -81.717</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">San Andrés Island</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span>. It measures 12 km (7.5 mi) in length with a width of 3 km (1.9 mi) and covers an area of 26 km<sup>2</sup> (10 sq mi). There is a tiny <a href="/wiki/Lagoon" title="Lagoon">lagoon</a> in the centre of the island called Big Pond. The principal town is San Andrés in the north of the island. Another town is San Luis on the east coast. <i><a href="/wiki/Islote_Sucre" title="Islote Sucre">Cayo Johnny</a></i> (Johnny Caye) lies 1.5 km (0.9 mi) ENE of German Point (Punta Norte), the island's northern tip, and Haynes Cay about the same distance east of the island. <a href="/wiki/Cotton_Cay" title="Cotton Cay">Cotton Cay</a> is less than 1 km (0.6 mi) south of San Andrés town, on the northeastern coast.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cayos_de_Albuquerque_(Cayos_de_S.W.,_Southwest_Cays)"><span id="Cayos_de_Albuquerque_.28Cayos_de_S.W..2C_Southwest_Cays.29"></span>Cayos de Albuquerque (Cayos de S.W., Southwest Cays)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Cayos de Albuquerque (Cayos de S.W., Southwest Cays)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This atoll is southwest of San Andrés at <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&params=12_10_N_81_51_W_&title=Cayos+de+Albuquerque"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">12°10′N</span> <span class="longitude">81°51′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">12.167°N 81.850°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">12.167; -81.850</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Cayos de Albuquerque</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span>. It is the westernmost point of Colombia. The reef is about 7 km (4.5 mi) across. In the southern part are Cayo del Norte and Cayo del Sur. Cayo del Norte, the larger of the two, is up to 2 m (7 ft) high and overgrown with <a href="/wiki/Palm_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Palm tree">palm trees</a> and bushes. Cayo del Sur, a few hundred metres further South, reaches a height of a little more than 1 m (3 ft) and is vegetated with a few bushes, and in the South with mangroves. There is a <a href="/wiki/Lighthouse" title="Lighthouse">lighthouse</a> on Cayo del Norte, at <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&params=12_10_N_81_50_W_&title=Cayo+del+Norte"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">12°10′N</span> <span class="longitude">81°50′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">12.167°N 81.833°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">12.167; -81.833</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Cayo del Norte</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span>, operating since 1980. It is maintained by the Colombian Navy.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cayos_del_Este_Sudeste_(Courtown_Cays,_Cayos_de_E.S.E.)"><span id="Cayos_del_Este_Sudeste_.28Courtown_Cays.2C_Cayos_de_E.S.E..29"></span>Cayos del Este Sudeste (Courtown Cays, Cayos de E.S.E.)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Cayos del Este Sudeste (Courtown Cays, Cayos de E.S.E.)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Islas_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Islas_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg/300px-Islas_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Islas_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg/450px-Islas_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Islas_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg/600px-Islas_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption> Cities of <b><a href="/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_(island)" title="San Andrés (island)">San Andrés</a> and <a href="/wiki/Providencia_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Providencia Island">Providencia</a></b></figcaption></figure> <p>This atoll is 22 km (14 mi) east-south-east of San Andrés Island and 35 km (22 mi) northeast of Cayos de Alburquerque, at <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&params=12_24_N_81_28_W_&title=Cayos+del+Este+Sudeste"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">12°24′N</span> <span class="longitude">81°28′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">12.400°N 81.467°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">12.400; -81.467</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Cayos del Este Sudeste</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span>. It is 14 km (8.7 mi) long and 4 km (2.5 mi) wide. There are a few sand <a href="/wiki/Cay" title="Cay">cays</a> in the southeast. The largest ones are Cayo del Este, Cayo Bolivar, West Cay, and Cayo Arena, none of which are higher than 2 metres (7 ft). All cays are overgrown with <a href="/wiki/Palm_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Palm tree">palm trees</a> and bushes, and surrounded by <a href="/wiki/Mangrove" title="Mangrove">mangroves</a>. There is a Colombian Navy lighthouse on Cayo Bolivar. The cays are regularly visited by fishermen from the Colombian mainland and San Andrés. There are two concrete buildings on Cayo Bolivar, and a few wooden huts on the other cays.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Banks_and_shoals">Banks and shoals</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Banks and shoals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Colombia claims sovereignty over six additional outlying banks and shoals: <a href="/wiki/Alice_Shoal" title="Alice Shoal">Alice Shoal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bajo_Nuevo_Bank" title="Bajo Nuevo Bank">Bajo Nuevo Bank</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serranilla_Bank" title="Serranilla Bank">Serranilla Bank</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quita_Sue%C3%B1o_Bank" title="Quita Sueño Bank">Quita Sueño Bank</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serrana_Bank" title="Serrana Bank">Serrana Bank</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Roncador_Bank" title="Roncador Bank">Roncador Bank</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Raizal" title="Raizal">Raizal</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1973 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">22,983</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1985 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">35,818</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+55.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1993 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">61,040</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+70.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2005 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">70,554</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+15.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2018 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">61,280</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−13.1%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source:<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Departamento de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina covers a land area of 44 km<sup>2</sup> (17 sq mi) and had a census population of 59,573. The latest official estimate for 2007 is 72,923.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Before 1960, the population of the islands was almost entirely <a href="/wiki/Raizal" title="Raizal">Raizals</a>, who are an Afro-Caribbean group, <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> in religion, speaking <a href="/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s%E2%80%93Providencia_Creole" title="San Andrés–Providencia Creole">San Andrés–Providencia Creole</a>. There is a minority of white English-speaking Protestants of British descent.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Colombia has promoted the migration of Spanish-speaking mainlanders, with <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Catholic</a> missions participating since 1947. This policy seems to be an answer to growing discontent within the Raizal community that could strengthen separatist movements; a Raizal majority would in this case win a pro-independence referendum but this could be neutralized by outnumbering them with mainland Colombians.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>By 2005, Raizals were only 30% of the 60,000 or more inhabitants of the islands, with the rest being mainland <a href="/wiki/Colombian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Colombian people">Colombians</a> and English-speaking whites of British descent.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most Raizals are multilingual and can speak <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Creole_language" title="Creole language">Creole</a>, and <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airports">Airports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Airports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Rojas_Pinilla_International_Airport" title="Gustavo Rojas Pinilla International Airport">Gustavo Rojas Pinilla International Airport</a> (<a href="/wiki/IATA" class="mw-redirect" title="IATA">IATA</a>: <b>ADZ</b>) serves the towns of San Andrés and <a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Luis,_San_Andr%C3%A9s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Luis, San Andrés (page does not exist)">San Luis</a>, but also commercially serves the nearby island of <a href="/wiki/Providencia_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Providencia Island">Providencia Island</a> through feeder flights from <a href="/wiki/El_Embrujo_Airport" title="El Embrujo Airport">El Embrujo Airport</a>. Gustavo Rojas Pinilla International Airport was initially called Sesquicentenario International Airport.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the 6th busiest airport in Colombia, handling 836,234 passengers in 2006. Most of these passengers come from the continental part of the country, due to poor international direct service to the island. Many international tourists have to fly to one of Colombia's largest airports to be able to reach the islands. <a href="/wiki/Copa_Airlines" title="Copa Airlines">Copa Airlines</a> maintains a passenger service between San Andrés and <a href="/wiki/Tocumen_International_Airport" title="Tocumen International Airport">Panama City</a>. In 2021, <a href="/wiki/American_Airlines" title="American Airlines">American Airlines</a> began serving San Andrés nonstop from <a href="/wiki/Miami_International_Airport" title="Miami International Airport">Miami</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In recent years, San Andrés has also received seasonal charter flights, mainly from Canada and a few Central American countries.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The airport is one of Colombia's fastest growing airports with a 13.4% increase in the number of passengers between 2005 and 2006.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/48px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/64px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Colombia" title="Portal:Colombia">Colombia portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Caribbean_islands#San_Andrés,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina" title="List of Caribbean islands">List of Caribbean islands#San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130216220300/http://sanandres.gov.co/portal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=116&Itemid=138">"Geografía del Archipiélago"</a> (in Spanish). Gobernación Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sanandres.gov.co/index.php/gobernacion/directorio/secretarias-y-dependencias/4-juan-francisco-herrera-leal">the original</a> on 16 February 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Geograf%C3%ADa+del+Archipi%C3%A9lago&rft.pub=Gobernaci%C3%B3n+Archipi%C3%A9lago+de+San+Andr%C3%A9s%2C+Providencia+y+Santa+Catalina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sanandres.gov.co%2Findex.php%2Fgobernacion%2Fdirectorio%2Fsecretarias-y-dependencias%2F4-juan-francisco-herrera-leal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchipelago+of+San+Andr%C3%A9s%2C+Providencia+and+Santa+Catalina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDussán,_Carlos_Parra2005" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dussán, Carlos Parra (2005). "Pueblo Raizales: Introducción". In Dussán, Carlos Parra; Rodríguez, Gloria Amparo (eds.). <i>Comunidades étnicas en Colombia: Cultura y Jurisprudencia (Ethnic Communities in Colombia: Culture and Jurisprudence)</i> (in Spanish). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DANE&rft.atitle=Reloj+de+Poblaci%C3%B3n&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dane.gov.co%2Freloj%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchipelago+of+San+Andr%C3%A9s%2C+Providencia+and+Santa+Catalina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFernando_Urrea_Giraldo2007" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Fernando Urrea Giraldo (2007-10-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080227200450/http://simposioraza.net/files/urrea.pdf">"La visibilidad estadística de la población negra o afrodescendiente en Colombia, 1993-2005: entre lo étnico y lo racial"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Spanish). 12º Congreso de Antropología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.verantwoordgroen.nl/files/urrea.html">the original</a> on 2008-02-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-12-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+visibilidad+estad%C3%ADstica+de+la+poblaci%C3%B3n+negra+o+afrodescendiente+en+Colombia%2C+1993-2005%3A+entre+lo+%C3%A9tnico+y+lo+racial&rft.pub=12%C2%BA+Congreso+de+Antropolog%C3%ADa%2C+Universidad+Nacional+de+Colombia&rft.date=2007-10-12&rft.au=Fernando+Urrea+Giraldo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.verantwoordgroen.nl%2Ffiles%2Furrea.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchipelago+of+San+Andr%C3%A9s%2C+Providencia+and+Santa+Catalina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaborator.co" class="citation web cs1">Laborator.co. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aerocivil.gov.co/aeropuertos/Pages/San-Andr%C3%A9s,-Gustavo-Rojas-Pinilla.aspx">"Gustavo Rojas Pinilla"</a>. <i>www.aerocivil.gov.co</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-04-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aerocivil.gov.co&rft.atitle=Gustavo+Rojas+Pinilla&rft.au=Laborator.co&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aerocivil.gov.co%2Faeropuertos%2FPages%2FSan-Andr%25C3%25A9s%2C-Gustavo-Rojas-Pinilla.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchipelago+of+San+Andr%C3%A9s%2C+Providencia+and+Santa+Catalina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZorro_Rincón2021" class="citation web cs1">Zorro Rincón, Nicolás (December 5, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aviacionline.com/2021/12/american-lands-in-san-andres-opening-connectivity-between-the-island-and-the-u-s/">"American lands in San Andrés opening connectivity between the island and the U.S."</a> <i>Aviacionline.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220923074226/https://www.aviacionline.com/2021/12/american-lands-in-san-andres-opening-connectivity-between-the-island-and-the-u-s/">Archived</a> from the original on September 23, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 23,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Aviacionline.com&rft.atitle=American+lands+in+San+Andr%C3%A9s+opening+connectivity+between+the+island+and+the+U.S.&rft.date=2021-12-05&rft.aulast=Zorro+Rinc%C3%B3n&rft.aufirst=Nicol%C3%A1s&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aviacionline.com%2F2021%2F12%2Famerican-lands-in-san-andres-opening-connectivity-between-the-island-and-the-u-s%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchipelago+of+San+Andr%C3%A9s%2C+Providencia+and+Santa+Catalina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiemerŠeparović2006" class="citation journal cs1">Diemer, Christian; Šeparović, Amalija (2006). "Territorial Questions and Maritime Delimitation with Regard to Nicaragua's Claims to the San Andrés Archipelago". <i>Heidelberg Journal of International Law (HJIL)</i>. <b>66</b>: 167–186. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0044-2348">0044-2348</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Heidelberg+Journal+of+International+Law+%28HJIL%29&rft.atitle=Territorial+Questions+and+Maritime+Delimitation+with+Regard+to+Nicaragua%27s+Claims+to+the+San+Andr%C3%A9s+Archipelago&rft.volume=66&rft.pages=167-186&rft.date=2006&rft.issn=0044-2348&rft.aulast=Diemer&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft.au=%C5%A0eparovi%C4%87%2C+Amalija&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchipelago+of+San+Andr%C3%A9s%2C+Providencia+and+Santa+Catalina" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_y_Santa_Catalina" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina">San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li>Official website: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sanandres.gov.co/">"Gobernación del Archipielago (Government of the Archipelago)"</a> (in Spanish). Gobernación Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gobernaci%C3%B3n+del+Archipielago+%28Government+of+the+Archipelago%29&rft.pub=Gobernaci%C3%B3n+Archipi%C3%A9lago+de+San+Andr%C3%A9s%2C+Providencia+y+Santa+Catalina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsanandres.gov.co%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchipelago+of+San+Andr%C3%A9s%2C+Providencia+and+Santa+Catalina" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Geotoutism <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.caribbeancolombia.com/">http://www.caribbeancolombia.com/</a> San Andres, Providencia and Santa Catalina are a perfect spot to explore Geoutourism. Visit the website made with National Geographic where you can find an interactive mapguide the places to visit and much more <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081119234325/http://sanandres.gov.co/turismo/home.php">"San Andrés Turismo (San Andrés Tourism)"</a>. Gobernación Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sanandres.gov.co/turismo/home.php">the original</a> on 2008-11-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=San+Andr%C3%A9s+Turismo+%28San+Andr%C3%A9s+Tourism%29&rft.pub=Gobernaci%C3%B3n+Archipi%C3%A9lago+de+San+Andr%C3%A9s%2C+Providencia+y+Santa+Catalina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sanandres.gov.co%2Fturismo%2Fhome.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchipelago+of+San+Andr%C3%A9s%2C+Providencia+and+Santa+Catalina" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080502215306/http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/index.php?p1=3&p2=3&code=nicol&case=124&k=e2">ICJ Nicaragua v. Colombia (Preliminary Objections) and (Merits)</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=25046&Cr=icj&Cr1">2007 Preliminary Objections Judgment</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101223043232/http://www.oceandots.com/atlantic/san-andres/">ASIL</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7142890.stm">BBC</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081119155721/http://web.presidencia.gov.co/sp/2007/diciembre/13/22132007.html">Colombia President</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101223043232/http://www.oceandots.com/atlantic/san-andres/">Colombia MFA</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.ppl.nl/DB=1/LNG=EN/REL?PPN=076251780">Analysis 20 Hague YIL 75-119 2008</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2019">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101223043232/http://www.oceandots.com/atlantic/san-andres/">Information on Colombian lighthouses (German)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101223043232/http://www.oceandots.com/atlantic/san-andres/">Oceandots</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived December 23, 2010)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/01/world/americas/01colombia.html">New York Times article on independence movement</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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Colombia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 2px 0 0"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Colombia,_administrative_divisions_-_de_-_colored.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="South America"><img alt="South America" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Colombia%2C_administrative_divisions_-_de_-_colored.svg/120px-Colombia%2C_administrative_divisions_-_de_-_colored.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Colombia%2C_administrative_divisions_-_de_-_colored.svg/180px-Colombia%2C_administrative_divisions_-_de_-_colored.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Colombia%2C_administrative_divisions_-_de_-_colored.svg/240px-Colombia%2C_administrative_divisions_-_de_-_colored.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2007" data-file-height="2298" /></a></span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> <div> <p><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Amazonas_(Colombia).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Amazonas_%28Colombia%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Amazonas_%28Colombia%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Amazonas_%28Colombia%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Amazonas_%28Colombia%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Amazonas_%28Colombia%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Amazonas_%28Colombia%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="808" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Amazonas_(Colombian_department)" title="Amazonas (Colombian department)">Amazonas</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Antioquia_Department.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flag_of_Antioquia_Department.svg/20px-Flag_of_Antioquia_Department.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flag_of_Antioquia_Department.svg/30px-Flag_of_Antioquia_Department.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flag_of_Antioquia_Department.svg/40px-Flag_of_Antioquia_Department.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Antioquia_Department" title="Antioquia Department">Antioquia</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Arauca.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_Arauca.svg/20px-Flag_of_Arauca.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_Arauca.svg/30px-Flag_of_Arauca.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_Arauca.svg/40px-Flag_of_Arauca.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Arauca_Department" title="Arauca Department">Arauca</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Atl%C3%A1ntico.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Flag_of_Atl%C3%A1ntico.svg/20px-Flag_of_Atl%C3%A1ntico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Flag_of_Atl%C3%A1ntico.svg/30px-Flag_of_Atl%C3%A1ntico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Flag_of_Atl%C3%A1ntico.svg/40px-Flag_of_Atl%C3%A1ntico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Atl%C3%A1ntico_Department" title="Atlántico Department">Atlántico</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Bol%C3%ADvar_(Colombia).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Bol%C3%ADvar_%28Colombia%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bol%C3%ADvar_%28Colombia%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Bol%C3%ADvar_%28Colombia%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bol%C3%ADvar_%28Colombia%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Bol%C3%ADvar_%28Colombia%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bol%C3%ADvar_%28Colombia%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Bol%C3%ADvar_Department" title="Bolívar Department">Bolívar</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Boyac%C3%A1_Department.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Boyac%C3%A1_Department.svg/20px-Flag_of_Boyac%C3%A1_Department.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Boyac%C3%A1_Department.svg/30px-Flag_of_Boyac%C3%A1_Department.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Boyac%C3%A1_Department.svg/40px-Flag_of_Boyac%C3%A1_Department.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Boyac%C3%A1_Department" title="Boyacá Department">Boyacá</a> </p> </div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> <div> <p><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Caldas.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_Caldas.svg/20px-Flag_of_Caldas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_Caldas.svg/30px-Flag_of_Caldas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_Caldas.svg/40px-Flag_of_Caldas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Caldas_Department" title="Caldas Department">Caldas</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Caquet%C3%A1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Flag_of_Caquet%C3%A1.svg/20px-Flag_of_Caquet%C3%A1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Flag_of_Caquet%C3%A1.svg/30px-Flag_of_Caquet%C3%A1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Flag_of_Caquet%C3%A1.svg/40px-Flag_of_Caquet%C3%A1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="756" data-file-height="504" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Caquet%C3%A1_Department" title="Caquetá Department">Caquetá</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Casanare.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Casanare.svg/20px-Flag_of_Casanare.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Casanare.svg/30px-Flag_of_Casanare.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Casanare.svg/40px-Flag_of_Casanare.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Casanare_Department" title="Casanare Department">Casanare</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Cauca.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_Cauca.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cauca.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_Cauca.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cauca.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_Cauca.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cauca.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Cauca_Department" title="Cauca Department">Cauca</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Cesar.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Cesar.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cesar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Cesar.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cesar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Cesar.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cesar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Cesar_Department" title="Cesar Department">Cesar</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Choc%C3%B3.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_Choc%C3%B3.svg/20px-Flag_of_Choc%C3%B3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_Choc%C3%B3.svg/30px-Flag_of_Choc%C3%B3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_Choc%C3%B3.svg/40px-Flag_of_Choc%C3%B3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Choc%C3%B3_Department" title="Chocó Department">Chocó</a> </p> </div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> <div> <p><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_C%C3%B3rdoba.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_C%C3%B3rdoba.svg/20px-Flag_of_C%C3%B3rdoba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_C%C3%B3rdoba.svg/30px-Flag_of_C%C3%B3rdoba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_C%C3%B3rdoba.svg/40px-Flag_of_C%C3%B3rdoba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B3rdoba_Department" title="Córdoba Department">Córdoba</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Cundinamarca.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Cundinamarca.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cundinamarca.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Cundinamarca.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cundinamarca.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Cundinamarca.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cundinamarca.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Cundinamarca_Department" title="Cundinamarca Department">Cundinamarca</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Guain%C3%ADa.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Guain%C3%ADa.svg/20px-Flag_of_Guain%C3%ADa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Guain%C3%ADa.svg/30px-Flag_of_Guain%C3%ADa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Guain%C3%ADa.svg/40px-Flag_of_Guain%C3%ADa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Guain%C3%ADa_Department" title="Guainía Department">Guainía</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Guaviare.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Guaviare.svg/20px-Flag_of_Guaviare.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Guaviare.svg/30px-Flag_of_Guaviare.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Guaviare.svg/40px-Flag_of_Guaviare.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Guaviare_Department" title="Guaviare Department">Guaviare</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Huila.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Flag_of_Huila.svg/20px-Flag_of_Huila.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Flag_of_Huila.svg/30px-Flag_of_Huila.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Flag_of_Huila.svg/40px-Flag_of_Huila.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Huila_Department" title="Huila Department">Huila</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_La_Guajira.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_La_Guajira.svg/20px-Flag_of_La_Guajira.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_La_Guajira.svg/30px-Flag_of_La_Guajira.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_La_Guajira.svg/40px-Flag_of_La_Guajira.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/La_Guajira_Department" title="La Guajira Department">La Guajira</a> </p> </div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> <div> <p><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Magdalena.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Magdalena.svg/20px-Flag_of_Magdalena.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Magdalena.svg/30px-Flag_of_Magdalena.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Magdalena.svg/40px-Flag_of_Magdalena.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="216" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Magdalena_Department" title="Magdalena Department">Magdalena</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Meta.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_Meta.svg/20px-Flag_of_Meta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_Meta.svg/30px-Flag_of_Meta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_Meta.svg/40px-Flag_of_Meta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2550" data-file-height="1700" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Meta_Department" title="Meta Department">Meta</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Nari%C3%B1o.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_Nari%C3%B1o.svg/20px-Flag_of_Nari%C3%B1o.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_Nari%C3%B1o.svg/30px-Flag_of_Nari%C3%B1o.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_Nari%C3%B1o.svg/40px-Flag_of_Nari%C3%B1o.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Nari%C3%B1o_Department" title="Nariño Department">Nariño</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Norte_de_Santander.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Norte_de_Santander.svg/20px-Flag_of_Norte_de_Santander.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Norte_de_Santander.svg/30px-Flag_of_Norte_de_Santander.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Norte_de_Santander.svg/40px-Flag_of_Norte_de_Santander.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Norte_de_Santander_Department" title="Norte de Santander Department">N. Santander</a></span><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Putumayo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_Putumayo.svg/20px-Flag_of_Putumayo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_Putumayo.svg/30px-Flag_of_Putumayo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_Putumayo.svg/40px-Flag_of_Putumayo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Putumayo_Department" title="Putumayo Department">Putumayo</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Quind%C3%ADo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Quind%C3%ADo.svg/20px-Flag_of_Quind%C3%ADo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Quind%C3%ADo.svg/30px-Flag_of_Quind%C3%ADo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Quind%C3%ADo.svg/40px-Flag_of_Quind%C3%ADo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Quind%C3%ADo_Department" title="Quindío Department">Quindío</a> </p> </div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> <div> <p><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Risaralda.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Risaralda.svg/20px-Flag_of_Risaralda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Risaralda.svg/30px-Flag_of_Risaralda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Risaralda.svg/40px-Flag_of_Risaralda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Risaralda_Department" title="Risaralda Department">Risaralda</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg/20px-Flag_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg/30px-Flag_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg/40px-Flag_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Providencia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">San Andrés</a></span><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Santander_Department.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Santander_Department.svg/20px-Flag_of_Santander_Department.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Santander_Department.svg/30px-Flag_of_Santander_Department.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Santander_Department.svg/40px-Flag_of_Santander_Department.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="1800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Santander_Department" title="Santander Department">Santander</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Sucre_(Colombia).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Flag_of_Sucre_%28Colombia%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Sucre_%28Colombia%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Flag_of_Sucre_%28Colombia%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Sucre_%28Colombia%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Flag_of_Sucre_%28Colombia%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Sucre_%28Colombia%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Sucre_Department" title="Sucre Department">Sucre</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Tolima.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Tolima.svg/20px-Flag_of_Tolima.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Tolima.svg/30px-Flag_of_Tolima.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Tolima.svg/40px-Flag_of_Tolima.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Tolima_Department" title="Tolima Department">Tolima</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Valle_del_Cauca.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Valle_del_Cauca.svg/20px-Flag_of_Valle_del_Cauca.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Valle_del_Cauca.svg/30px-Flag_of_Valle_del_Cauca.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Valle_del_Cauca.svg/40px-Flag_of_Valle_del_Cauca.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Valle_del_Cauca_Department" title="Valle del Cauca Department">Valle del Cauca</a></span><br /> </p> </div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> <div> <p><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Vaup%C3%A9s.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Vaup%C3%A9s.svg/20px-Flag_of_Vaup%C3%A9s.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Vaup%C3%A9s.svg/30px-Flag_of_Vaup%C3%A9s.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Vaup%C3%A9s.svg/40px-Flag_of_Vaup%C3%A9s.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Vaup%C3%A9s_Department" title="Vaupés Department">Vaupés</a><br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Vichada.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Vichada.svg/20px-Flag_of_Vichada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Vichada.svg/30px-Flag_of_Vichada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Vichada.svg/40px-Flag_of_Vichada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Vichada_Department" title="Vichada Department">Vichada</a><br /> <br /> Capital district:<br /> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Bogot%C3%A1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Bogot%C3%A1.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bogot%C3%A1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Bogot%C3%A1.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bogot%C3%A1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Bogot%C3%A1.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bogot%C3%A1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Bogot%C3%A1" title="Bogotá">Bogotá</a> </p> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Former_British_Empire_and_Current_British_Overseas_Territories" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:British_overseas_territories" title="Template:British overseas territories"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:British_overseas_territories" title="Template talk:British overseas territories"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:British_overseas_territories" title="Special:EditPage/Template:British overseas territories"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Former_British_Empire_and_Current_British_Overseas_Territories" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Former <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a> and Current <a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories" title="British Overseas Territories">British Overseas Territories</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Legend</span></dt> <dd>Former territory</dd> <dd><b>Current territory</b></dd> <dd>*Current <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_realm" title="Commonwealth realm">Commonwealth realm</a></dd> <dd><sup>†</sup>Current member of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Europe</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a></b> since 1960 (before as part of <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Corsican_Kingdom" title="Anglo-Corsican Kingdom">Corsica</a> 1794–1796</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/British_Cyprus" title="British Cyprus">Cyprus</a> 1878–1960</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></b> since 1713</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heligoland" title="Heligoland">Heligoland</a> 1807–1890</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_of_the_Ionian_Islands" title="United States of the Ionian Islands">Ionian Islands</a> 1809–1864</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Ireland" title="Kingdom of Ireland">Ireland</a> 1542–1800 <span style="font-size:85%;">(integrated into the UK)</span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Free_State" title="Irish Free State">Free State</a> 1921–1931</li></ul></li> <li><sup>†</sup>Malta <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malta_Protectorate" title="Malta Protectorate">Protectorate</a> 1800–1813</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Malta" title="Crown Colony of Malta">Colony</a> 1813–1964</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menorca" title="Menorca">Minorca</a> 1708–1757, 1763–1782 and 1798–1802</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Africa</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ascension_Island" title="Ascension Island">Ascension Island</a></b><sup>23</sup> since 1815</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basutoland" title="Basutoland">Basutoland</a> (<sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a>) 1868–1966</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bechuanaland_Protectorate" title="Bechuanaland Protectorate">Bechuanaland</a> (<sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a>) 1884–1966</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Cameroons" title="British Cameroons">Cameroons</a><sup>13</sup> 1919–1961</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Colony" title="Cape Colony">Cape Colony</a> 1795–1803</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Colony" title="Cape Colony">Cape of Good Hope</a> 1806–1910</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Central_Africa_Protectorate" title="British Central Africa Protectorate">Central Africa</a> 1891–1907</li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Africa_Protectorate" title="East Africa Protectorate">East Africa</a> 1895–1920</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Egypt" title="Sultanate of Egypt">Egypt</a> 1882–1922</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Gambia_Colony_and_Protectorate" title="Gambia Colony and Protectorate">The Gambia</a> 1816–1965</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Coast_(British_colony)" title="Gold Coast (British colony)">Gold Coast</a> (<sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a>) 1874–1957</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Kenya_Colony" title="Kenya Colony">Kenya</a> 1920–1963</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lagos_Colony" title="Lagos Colony">Lagos</a> 1862–1906</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Madeira" title="History of Madeira">Madeira</a> 1807–1808</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/British_Mauritius" title="British Mauritius">Mauritius</a> 1810–1968</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Natal" title="Colony of Natal">Natal</a> 1856–1910</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niger_Coast_Protectorate" title="Niger Coast Protectorate">Niger Coast</a> 1884–1900</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Colonial_Nigeria" title="Colonial Nigeria">Nigeria</a> 1914–1960</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Nigeria_Protectorate" title="Northern Nigeria Protectorate">Northern Nigeria</a> 1900–1914</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Rhodesia" title="Northern Rhodesia">Northern Rhodesia</a><sup>15</sup> 1924–1964</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyasaland" title="Nyasaland">Nyasaland</a> 1891–1964</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_River_Colony" title="Orange River Colony">Orange River</a> 1900–1910</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena" title="Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a></b><sup>23</sup> since 1658</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/History_of_Seychelles" title="History of Seychelles">Seychelles</a> 1903–1976</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone_Colony_and_Protectorate" title="Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate">Sierra Leone</a> 1792–1961</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Somaliland" title="British Somaliland">Somaliland</a> 1884–1960</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Union_of_South_Africa" title="Union of South Africa">South Africa</a> 1910–1931</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South-West_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="South-West Africa">South-West Africa</a><sup>12</sup> 1915–1931</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Rhodesia" title="Southern Rhodesia">Southern Rhodesia</a><sup>14</sup> 1923–1965 and 1979–1980</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Nigeria_Protectorate" title="Southern Nigeria Protectorate">Southern Nigeria</a> 1900–1914</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/History_of_Swaziland" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Swaziland">Swaziland</a> 1893–1968</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Egyptian_Sudan" title="Anglo-Egyptian Sudan">Sudan</a> 1899–1956</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanganyika_Territory" title="Tanganyika Territory">Tanganyika</a><sup>13</sup> 1922–1961</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transvaal_Colony" title="Transvaal Colony">Transvaal</a> 1900–1910</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Tristan da Cunha">Tristan da Cunha</a></b><sup>23</sup> since 1816</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Uganda_Protectorate" class="mw-redirect" title="Uganda Protectorate">Uganda</a> 1890–1962</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanzibar" title="Zanzibar">Zanzibar</a> 1890–1963</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulu_Kingdom" title="Zulu Kingdom">Zululand</a> 1887–1897</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>12</sup>Now <sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><sup>13</sup><a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations_mandate" title="League of Nations mandate">League of Nations mandate</a>. British Cameroons is now part of <sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a>, while Tanganyika is part of <sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a>.</li> <li><sup>14</sup><a href="/wiki/Responsible_government" title="Responsible government">Self-governing</a> Southern Rhodesia <a href="/wiki/Rhodesia%27s_Unilateral_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence">unilaterally declared independence</a> in 1965 (as <a href="/wiki/Rhodesia" title="Rhodesia">Rhodesia</a>) and continued as an <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_recognition" title="Diplomatic recognition">unrecognised</a> state until the 1979 <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_House_Agreement" title="Lancaster House Agreement">Lancaster House Agreement</a>. After recognised independence in 1980, Zimbabwe was a member of the Commonwealth until it withdrew in 2003.</li> <li><sup>15</sup>Now <sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Asia</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aden_Colony" title="Aden Colony">Aden Colony</a> 1839–1967</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Anglo-Afghan_War" title="First Anglo-Afghan War">Afghanistan</a> 1839–1842 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_influence_in_Afghanistan" title="European influence in Afghanistan">Protectorate</a> 1879–1919</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Bencoolen" title="British Bencoolen">Bencoolen</a> 1685–1824</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangka_Island" title="Bangka Island">Banka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Belitung" title="Belitung">Billiton</a> 1812–1824</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Presidency" title="Bengal Presidency">Bengal</a> 1757–1947</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Bhutan" title="History of Bhutan">Bhutan</a> (protectorate) 1907–1949</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Borneo" title="British Borneo">Borneo</a> 1874–1963</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></b> since 1965 (before as part of <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">Seychelles</a>)<sup>26</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_rule_in_Burma" title="British rule in Burma">Burma</a> 1824–1948</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Bruneian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruneian Empire">Brunei</a> 1888–1984</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/British_Ceylon" title="British Ceylon">Ceylon</a> 1795–1948</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/British_Cyprus" title="British Cyprus">Cyprus</a> 1878–1960</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Hong_Kong" title="British Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> 1841–1997</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">India</a><sup>18</sup> 1858–1947</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a> 1811–1816</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikhdom_of_Kuwait" title="Sheikhdom of Kuwait">Kuwait</a> 1918–1961</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Labuan" title="Crown Colony of Labuan">Labuan</a> 1848–1946</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Malaya" title="British Malaya">Malaya</a> 1819–1826 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federated_Malay_States" title="Federated Malay States">Federated States</a> 1895–1946</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unfederated_Malay_States" title="Unfederated Malay States">Unfederated States</a> 1885–1946</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayan_Union" title="Malayan Union">Union</a> 1946–1948</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Malaya" title="Federation of Malaya">Federation</a> 1948–1957</li></ul></li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Independence_of_the_Maldives" title="Independence of the Maldives">Maldives</a> 1796–1965</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_occupation_of_Manila" title="British occupation of Manila">Manila and Cavite</a> 1762–1764</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandate_for_Mesopotamia" title="Mandate for Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a><sup>19</sup> 1920–1932</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscat_and_Oman" title="Muscat and Oman">Muscat and Oman</a> 1891–1971</li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Borneo" title="North Borneo">North Borneo</a> 1882–1963 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_North_Borneo" title="Crown Colony of North Borneo">Crown Colony</a> 1946–1963</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padang" title="Padang">Padang</a> 1781–1784 and 1795–1819</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">Palestine</a><sup>19</sup> 1923–1948</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Penang" title="History of Penang">Penang</a> 1786–1946</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%B4n_S%C6%A1n_Island" title="Côn Sơn Island">Pulo Condore</a> 1702–1705</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raj_of_Sarawak" title="Raj of Sarawak">Sarawak</a> 1841–1946 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Sarawak" title="Crown Colony of Sarawak">Crown Colony</a> 1946–1963</li></ul></li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Singapore" title="Colony of Singapore">Singapore</a> 1946–1963</li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Vietnam_(1945%E2%80%931946)" title="War in Vietnam (1945–1946)">South Vietnam</a> 1945–1946</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straits_Settlements" title="Straits Settlements">Straits Settlements</a> 1826–1946</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Transjordan" title="Emirate of Transjordan">Transjordan</a> 1921–1946</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trucial_States" title="Trucial States">Trucial States</a> 1892–1971</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weihaiwei_under_British_rule" class="mw-redirect" title="Weihaiwei under British rule">Weihai</a> 1898–1930</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>18</sup>Now <sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> and <sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><sup>19</sup><a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations_mandate" title="League of Nations mandate">League of Nations mandate</a>. Iraq's mandate was not enacted and replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Iraqi_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Iraqi Treaty">Anglo-Iraqi Treaty</a></li> <li><sup>26</sup>Legitimacy of territorial establishment <a href="/wiki/Chagos_Archipelago_sovereignty_dispute" title="Chagos Archipelago sovereignty dispute">disputed</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="North_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">North America</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a></b> since 1650</li> <li>*<a href="/wiki/Antigua" title="Antigua">Antigua</a> 1632–1860</li> <li>*<a href="/wiki/History_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="History of Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a> 1860–1981</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Bahamas" title="History of the Bahamas">Bahamas</a> 1670–1973</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/History_of_Barbados" title="History of Barbados">Barbados</a> 1624–1966</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Islands_Department" title="Bay Islands Department">Bay Islands</a> 1643–1860</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/British_Honduras" title="British Honduras">Belize</a> 1871–1981</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a></b> since 1619</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Arctic_Territories" title="British Arctic Territories">British Arctic Territories</a> 16th c.–1880</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_British_Columbia_(1858%E2%80%931866)" title="Colony of British Columbia (1858–1866)">British Columbia</a> 1858–1866 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_British_Columbia_(1866%E2%80%931871)" title="Colony of British Columbia (1866–1871)">1866–1871</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Breton_Island" title="Cape Breton Island">Cape Breton Island</a> 1754–1820</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dominica" title="History of Dominica">Dominica</a> 1763–1978</li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Florida" title="East Florida">East Florida</a> 1763–1783</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/History_of_Grenada" title="History of Grenada">Grenada</a> 1762–1974</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Canada" title="Lower Canada">Lower</a> 1791–1841</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Canada" title="Upper Canada">Upper</a> 1791–1841</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Canada" title="Province of Canada">Province</a> 1841–1867</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Confederation_Canada_(1867%E2%80%931914)" title="Post-Confederation Canada (1867–1914)">Dominion</a> 1867–1931</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Carolina" title="Province of Carolina">Carolina</a> 1663–1712</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></b> since 1670</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_District" title="Columbia District">Columbia District</a>/<a href="/wiki/Oregon_Country" title="Oregon Country">Oregon Country</a> 1818–1846</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Colony" title="Connecticut Colony">Connecticut</a> 1636–1776</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Colony" title="Delaware Colony">Delaware</a> 1701–1776</li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Jersey" title="East Jersey">East Jersey</a> 1674–1702</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Georgia" title="Province of Georgia">Georgia</a> 1733–1776</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Jamaica" title="Colony of Jamaica">Jamaica</a> 1655–1962</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Leeward_Islands" title="British Leeward Islands">Leeward Islands</a> 1671–1816, 1833–1960</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Colony" title="Massachusetts Bay Colony">MassachusettsBay</a> 1629–1691 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Massachusetts_Bay" title="Province of Massachusetts Bay">Province</a>, 1691–1776</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Maryland" title="Province of Maryland">Maryland</a> 1632–1776</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a></b> since 1632</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosquito_Coast" title="Mosquito Coast">Mosquito Coast</a> 1655–1860</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevis" title="Nevis">Nevis</a> 1628–1983</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Albion" title="New Albion">New Albion</a> 1579</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_Brunswick" title="History of New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a> 1784–1867</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_New_England" title="Dominion of New England">New England</a> 1686–1689</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_New_Hampshire" title="Province of New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a> 1680–1776</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Haven_Colony" title="New Haven Colony">New Haven</a> 1637–1662</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_New_Jersey" title="Province of New Jersey">New Jersey</a> 1665–1674 and 1702–1776</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_New_York" title="Province of New York">New York</a> 1664–1776</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_Newfoundland" title="Dominion of Newfoundland">Newfoundland</a> 1907–1949</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="History of Newfoundland and Labrador">Newfoundland and Labrador</a> 1583–1907</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_North_Carolina" title="Province of North Carolina">North Carolina</a> 1712–1776</li> <li><a href="/wiki/North-Western_Territory" title="North-Western Territory">North-Western Territory</a> 1859–1870</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Nova_Scotia" title="History of Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a> 1713–1867</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulet_affair_(1843)" class="mw-redirect" title="Paulet affair (1843)">Paulet affair</a> 1843</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Prince_Edward_Island" title="History of Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island</a> 1763–1873</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pennsylvania" title="Province of Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> 1681–1776</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Colony" title="Plymouth Colony">Plymouth</a> 1620–1691</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Quebec_(1763%E2%80%931791)" title="Province of Quebec (1763–1791)">Quebec</a> 1763–1791* <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_the_Queen_Charlotte_Islands" title="Colony of the Queen Charlotte Islands">Queen Charlotte Islands</a> 1853–1863</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Rhode_Island_and_Providence_Plantations" title="Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations">Rhode Island</a> 1636–1776</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupert%27s_Land" title="Rupert's Land">Rupert's Land</a> 1670–1870</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Croix,_U.S._Virgin_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands">Saint Croix</a> 1625–1650</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts" title="Saint Kitts">Saint Kitts</a> 1623–1983</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/History_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="History of Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a> 1882–1983</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/British_Saint_Lucia" class="mw-redirect" title="British Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a> 1605–1979</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/History_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="History of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a> 1627–1979</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saybrook_Colony" title="Saybrook Colony">Saybrook</a> 1635–1644</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_South_Carolina" title="Province of South Carolina">South Carolina</a> 1712–1776</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stickeen_Territories" title="Stickeen Territories">Stickeen</a> 1862–1863</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/History_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="History of Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a> 1889–1962</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></b> since 1799</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Vancouver_Island" title="Colony of Vancouver Island">Vancouver Island</a> 1849–1866</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">Virgin Islands</a></b> since 1666</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Virginia" title="Colony of Virginia">Virginia</a> 1607–1776</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_West_Florida" title="British West Florida">West Florida</a> 1763–1783</li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Indies_Federation" title="West Indies Federation">West Indies Federation</a> 1958–1962 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Indies_Associated_States" title="West Indies Associated States">Associated States</a> 1967–1983</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Jersey" title="West Jersey">West Jersey</a> 1674–1702</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Windward_Islands" title="British Windward Islands">Windward Islands</a> 1833–1960</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Navbox_with_columns" title="Template:Navbox with columns"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Navbox_with_columns" title="Template talk:Navbox with columns"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Navbox_with_columns" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Navbox with columns"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Oceania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Oceania</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;">18th and 19th centuries</td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;">20th century</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_New_South_Wales" title="Colony of New South Wales">New South Wales</a> 1788–1901</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Diemen%27s_Land" title="Van Diemen's Land">Van Diemen's Land</a>/<a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Tasmania" title="Colony of Tasmania">Tasmania</a> 1803–1901</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auckland_Islands" title="Auckland Islands">Auckland Islands</a><sup>20</sup> 1807–1863</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hebrides" title="New Hebrides">New Hebrides</a><sup>21</sup> 1824–1980</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Queensland" title="Colony of Queensland">Queensland</a> 1824–1901</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swan_River_Colony" title="Swan River Colony">Swan River</a>/<a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Western_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Colony of Western Australia">Western Australia</a> 1829–1901</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_South_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Colony of South Australia">South Australia</a> 1836–1901</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands" title="History of the Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></b> since 1838</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_New_Zealand" title="Colony of New Zealand">New Zealand</a> 1841–1907</li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Australia" title="North Australia">North Australia</a> 1846–1847</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Victoria" title="Colony of Victoria">Victoria</a> 1851–1901</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Fiji" title="Colony of Fiji">Fiji</a> 1874–1970</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Western_Pacific_Territories" title="British Western Pacific Territories">Western Pacific Territories</a> 1877–1976</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territory_of_Papua" title="Territory of Papua">Papua</a> 1884–1902</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Rarotonga" title="Kingdom of Rarotonga">Rarotonga</a>/<a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands_Federation" title="Cook Islands Federation">Cook Islands</a><sup>20</sup> 1888–1901</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Islands">Union Islands</a><sup>20</sup> 1889–1948</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_and_Ellice_Islands" title="Gilbert and Ellice Islands">Gilbert and Ellice Islands</a><sup>22</sup> 1892–1979</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/British_Solomon_Islands" title="British Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a> 1893–1978</li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/History_of_Tonga" title="History of Tonga">Tonga</a> 1900–1970</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Niue" title="History of Niue">Niue</a><sup>20</sup> 1900–1974</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/History_of_Australia_(1901%E2%80%931945)" title="History of Australia (1901–1945)">Australia</a> 1901–1942</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_New_Zealand" title="Dominion of New Zealand">New Zealand</a> 1907–1947</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Western_Samoa_Trust_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Samoa Trust Territory">Samoa</a> 1914–1962</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/History_of_Nauru" title="History of Nauru">Nauru</a> 1919–1942 and 1945–1968</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>20</sup>Now part of the <sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Realm_of_New_Zealand" title="Realm of New Zealand">Realm of New Zealand</a></li> <li><sup>21</sup>Now <sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li> <li><sup>22</sup>Now <sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</a> and <sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="South_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">South America</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Providence_Island_colony" title="Providence Island colony">Providence Island</a> 1631–1641</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willoughbyland" class="mw-redirect" title="Willoughbyland">Willoughbyland</a> 1651–1667</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Saint Andrew and Providence Islands</a><sup>4</sup> 1670–1688</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/British_Guiana" title="British Guiana">Guiana</a> 1831–1966</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></b><sup>5</sup> since 1833</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></b><sup>5</sup> since 1908</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>4</sup>Now a <a href="/wiki/Departments_of_Colombia" title="Departments of Colombia">department</a> of <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><sup>5</sup>Occupied by Argentina during the <a href="/wiki/Falklands_War" title="Falklands War">Falklands War</a> of April–June 1982.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Antarctica_and_the_South_Atlantic" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Antarctica and the South Atlantic</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena" title="Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a></b><sup>23</sup> since 1658</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ascension_Island" title="Ascension Island">Ascension Island</a></b><sup>23</sup> since 1815</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Tristan da Cunha">Tristan da Cunha</a></b><sup>23</sup> since 1816</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></b> since 1833</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Australian_Antarctic_Territory" title="Australian Antarctic Territory">Australian Antarctic Territory</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(transferred to the <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Commonwealth of Australia</a>)</span> 1841–1933</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Ross_Dependency" title="Ross Dependency">Ross Dependency</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(transferred to the <a href="/wiki/Realm_of_New_Zealand" title="Realm of New Zealand">Realm of New Zealand</a>)</span> 1841–1947</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/British_Antarctic_Territory" title="British Antarctic Territory">British Antarctic Territory</a></b><sup>24</sup> since 1908</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></b><sup>25</sup> since 1908</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>23</sup>Since 2009 part of <b><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a></b>; Ascension Island (1922–) and Tristan da Cunha (1938–) were previously dependencies of Saint Helena.</li> <li><sup>24</sup>Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1962; overlaps portions of Argentine and Chilean claims, borders not enforced but claim not renounced under the <a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Antarctic Treaty">Antarctic Treaty</a>.</li> <li><sup>25</sup>Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1985</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historical_flags_of_the_British_Empire_and_the_overseas_territories" title="Historical flags of the British Empire and the overseas territories">Historical flags of the British Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglosphere" title="Anglosphere">Anglosphere</a> culture</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:British_Empire" title="Category:British Empire">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:British_Empire" title="Portal:British Empire">Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26855#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26855#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26855#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/130178718">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80007251">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007559505405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/c4cf7ea1-9dad-4406-a0ac-b19fd67d5a13">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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