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<span>Insurgency</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Insurgency-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Insurgency subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Insurgency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Emergence_of_new_rebel_groups_and_battles_for_Kouri_Bougoudi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emergence_of_new_rebel_groups_and_battles_for_Kouri_Bougoudi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Emergence of new rebel groups and battles for Kouri Bougoudi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emergence_of_new_rebel_groups_and_battles_for_Kouri_Bougoudi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minor_rebel_incursions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minor_rebel_incursions"> <div 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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Role_of_foreign_forces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Role_of_foreign_forces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Role of foreign forces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Role_of_foreign_forces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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(2016–present)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insurekcio_en_%C4%88adio_(2016-nune)" title="Insurekcio en Ĉadio (2016-nune) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Insurekcio en Ĉadio (2016-nune)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insurrection_dans_le_nord_du_Tchad" title="Insurrection dans le nord du Tchad – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Insurrection dans le nord du Tchad" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwagwarmaya_a_Arewacin_Chadi" title="Gwagwarmaya a Arewacin Chadi – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Gwagwarmaya a Arewacin Chadi" data-language-autonym="Hausa" 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Northern Chad</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ongoing war in Chad</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Insurgency in Chad</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Location_Chad_AU_Africa.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Location_Chad_AU_Africa.svg/220px-Location_Chad_AU_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Location_Chad_AU_Africa.svg/330px-Location_Chad_AU_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Location_Chad_AU_Africa.svg/440px-Location_Chad_AU_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1300" /></a></span><br />Map of Chad</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>2016 – present<br />(7–8 years)</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location">Mainly northern regions of <a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a>, with spillovers at <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic%E2%80%93Chad_border" title="Central African Republic–Chad border">Central African Republic–Chad border</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Status</th><td class="status"> <p><a href="/wiki/List_of_ongoing_armed_conflicts" title="List of ongoing armed conflicts">Ongoing</a> </p> <ul><li>Idriss Déby was killed in action, during the <a href="/wiki/2021_Northern_Chad_offensive" title="2021 Northern Chad offensive">Northern Chad offensive</a></li> <li>Mahamat Déby Itno becomes his successor, along established himself as the Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Transitional_Military_Council_(Chad)" title="Transitional Military Council (Chad)">Transitional Military Council</a> (TMC) and dissolves the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Chad)" title="National Assembly (Chad)">Chadian parliament</a> after death of Idriss Déby</li> <li>Ceasefire agreement signed between TMC and 42 rebel groups in August 2022<sup id="cite_ref-Haruna_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haruna-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a> (2023) </p> <hr /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:JEM_Logo_June_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/JEM_Logo_June_2013.jpg/16px-JEM_Logo_June_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/JEM_Logo_June_2013.jpg/24px-JEM_Logo_June_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/JEM_Logo_June_2013.jpg/32px-JEM_Logo_June_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="290" data-file-height="290" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Justice_and_Equality_Movement" title="Justice and Equality Movement">JEM</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Front_for_Change_and_Concord_in_Chad" title="Front for Change and Concord in Chad">FACT</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Military_Command_Council_for_the_Salvation_of_the_Republic" title="Military Command Council for the Salvation of the Republic">CCMSR</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Resistance_Forces" title="Union of Resistance Forces">UFR</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Front_de_la_Nation_pour_la_D%C3%A9mocratie_et_la_Justice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Front de la Nation pour la Démocratie et la Justice (page does not exist)">FNDJT</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Democracy_and_Justice_in_Chad" title="Movement for Democracy and Justice in Chad">MDJT</a><sup id="cite_ref-jo_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jo-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Forces_for_Democracy_and_Development" title="Union of Forces for Democracy and Development">UFDD</a><sup id="cite_ref-jo_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jo-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_for_National_Rebirth" title="Popular Front for National Rebirth">FPRN</a><sup id="cite_ref-aljazeera_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aljazeera-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_for_Recovery" title="Popular Front for Recovery">FPR</a><sup id="cite_ref-reuters_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolution_Movement_for_Southern_Chad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revolution Movement for Southern Chad (page does not exist)">MRST</a><sup id="cite_ref-rfi_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfi-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rally_for_Justice_and_Equality_of_Chadians&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rally for Justice and Equality of Chadians (page does not exist)">RPJET</a><sup id="cite_ref-rfi_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfi-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />(<i>At least 47 rebel groups overall</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Haruna_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haruna-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad"><img alt="Chad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Idriss_D%C3%A9by" title="Idriss Déby">Idriss Déby</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a><sup id="cite_ref-france24_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-france24-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad"><img alt="Chad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mahamat_D%C3%A9by_Itno" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahamat Déby Itno">Mahamat Déby Itno</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> Mahamat Mahdi Ali<br /><a href="/wiki/Timane_Erdimi" title="Timane Erdimi">Timane Erdimi</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> Unknown</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 7,000 overall (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-bish_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bish-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> Unknown</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> More than 300 rebels<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-walsh_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walsh-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-top:1px dotted #aaa;"> 644 deaths in total (by July 2022)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In 2016, the <a href="/wiki/Front_for_Change_and_Concord_in_Chad" title="Front for Change and Concord in Chad">Front for Change and Concord in Chad</a> (FACT) and the <a href="/wiki/Military_Command_Council_for_the_Salvation_of_the_Republic" title="Military Command Council for the Salvation of the Republic">Military Command Council for the Salvation of the Republic</a> (CCMSR) began a rebellion against the <a href="/wiki/Chadian_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Chadian government">Chadian government</a>. From their rear bases in southern <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a>, FACT and CCMSR have launched offensives and raids into Northern Chad seeking to overthrow the government of former president <a href="/wiki/Idriss_D%C3%A9by" title="Idriss Déby">Idriss Déby</a>, who had been in power since a <a href="/wiki/1990_Chadian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1990 Chadian coup d'état">December 1990 coup</a>. Other rebel groups are also involved in the insurgency, though to a lesser extent. </p><p>In 2021, Idriss Déby was killed during a major rebel offensive. Despite this, the insurgents were ultimately repelled and <a href="/wiki/Mahamat_D%C3%A9by_Itno" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahamat Déby Itno">Mahamat Déby Itno</a> rose to succeed his father as ruler of Chad. Though a ceasefire agreement was signed by many insurgent groups in August 2022, this failed to fully contain the uprising. By 2024, the insurgency was ongoing in the north and had spread to the <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic%E2%80%93Chad_border" title="Central African Republic–Chad border">border of</a> the <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Insurgency_in_Chad_(2016%E2%80%93present)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Chadian_Civil_War_(2005%E2%80%932010)" title="Chadian Civil War (2005–2010)">Chadian Civil War (2005–2010)</a></div> <p>Historically, Chad has suffered from a large number of civil wars, foreign conflicts, and coups since its independence from France in 1958.<sup id="cite_ref-taub_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taub-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Idriss Déby seized the Chadian presidency in a military coup in 1990. Since then, he enjoyed backing by both France<sup id="cite_ref-Badi_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badi-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and China.<sup id="cite_ref-china_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-china-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Déby's government was able to repeatedly defeat rebellions against his rule. Militant opposition groups were eventually driven from the country into exile.<sup id="cite_ref-Badi_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badi-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the end of the <a href="/wiki/Chadian_Civil_War_(2005%E2%80%932010)" title="Chadian Civil War (2005–2010)">Chadian Civil War (2005–2010)</a>, Chadian insurgents were forced to leave their old bases in <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a>. Many consequently moved into Libya which fell into unrest from 2011 due to the <a href="/wiki/First_Libyan_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First Libyan Civil War">First Libyan Civil War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-walsh_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walsh-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, the <a href="/wiki/Second_Libyan_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Libyan Civil War">Second Libyan Civil War</a> broke out. Several Chadian rebel groups consequently became <a href="/wiki/Mercenary" title="Mercenary">mercenaries</a> in service of various Libyan factions, receiving money and weaponry to prepare for their return to Chad.<sup id="cite_ref-Badi_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badi-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-walsh_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walsh-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Insurgency">Insurgency</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Insurgency_in_Chad_(2016%E2%80%93present)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Insurgency"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Emergence_of_new_rebel_groups_and_battles_for_Kouri_Bougoudi">Emergence of new rebel groups and battles for Kouri Bougoudi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Insurgency_in_Chad_(2016%E2%80%93present)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Emergence of new rebel groups and battles for Kouri Bougoudi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Two new Chadian rebel groups, <a href="/wiki/Front_for_Change_and_Concord_in_Chad" title="Front for Change and Concord in Chad">FACT</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Military_Command_Council_for_the_Salvation_of_the_Republic" title="Military Command Council for the Salvation of the Republic">CCMSR</a>, were organized in southern Libya in 2016<sup id="cite_ref-Badi_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badi-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and aided local groups in return for money, equipment, and other support. FACT initially became allied to a <a href="/wiki/Misrata" title="Misrata">Misrata</a>-based faction.<sup id="cite_ref-walsh_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walsh-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2017, the Chadian intelligence believed that rebels led by <a href="/wiki/Timane_Erdimi" title="Timane Erdimi">Timane Erdimi</a>, a nephew and long-time opponent of Idriss Déby, were gathering weapons in southern Libya.<sup id="cite_ref-taub_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taub-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2017, the CCMSR launched an offensive on Kouri Bougoudi seeking to seize control of the region and its lucrative mines. These assaults were ultimately repelled by the Chadian government although the CCMSR claimed to have launched a second attack in August 2017 which the Chadian government denied took place.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September, Chad severed diplomatic relations with <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a>, accusing it of attempting to destabilize the country. Journalist Ben Taub suspected that this development was related to Qatar harboring Timane Erdimi who was still trying to overthrow Déby.<sup id="cite_ref-taub_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taub-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By fall, fighting between government loyalists and insurgents grew more frequent along the Chadian-Libyan border. Déby responded by relocating hundreds of Chadian soldiers who had been sent to fight against <a href="/wiki/Boko_Haram" title="Boko Haram">Boko Haram</a> to the north.<sup id="cite_ref-taub_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taub-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 11 August 2018, CCMSR launched a major attack on the military outpost at Kouri Bougoudi in the <a href="/wiki/Tibesti_Mountains" title="Tibesti Mountains">Tibesti Mountains</a>, later claiming to have killed 73 and captured 45 soldiers while suffering just 11 casualties (4 dead, 7 wounded). The Chadian government initially attempted to deny that the attack had taken place, and then downplayed its significance. While the CCMSR offered to release its prisoners in return for the release of imprisoned rebel leaders, the Chadian government refused to negotiate with "savage mercenaries, bandits [and] thugs",<sup id="cite_ref-Aberfoyle_2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aberfoyle_2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and instead ordered local miners to abandon their camp at Kouri Bougoudi. The military subsequently retreated from the area on 22 August, leaving it to the CCMSR and illegal miners.<sup id="cite_ref-Aberfoyle_2_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aberfoyle_2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From then on, the <a href="/wiki/Chadian_Air_Force" title="Chadian Air Force">Chadian Air Force</a> launched several bombing raids in the region, targeting the Kouri Bougoudi mining camp and camel herds, killing several civilians and depriving locals of their livelihood. Meanwhile, the CCMSR continued its attacks against government positions, such as at Tarbou in <a href="/wiki/Tibesti_Region" title="Tibesti Region">Tibesti Region</a> (21 September), and Miski in <a href="/wiki/Borkou_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Borkou Region">Borkou Region</a> (24 October).<sup id="cite_ref-Aberfoyle_2_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aberfoyle_2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some locals criticised the CCMSR of exploiting and worsening ethnic tensions in the Tibesti Mountains.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minor_rebel_incursions">Minor rebel incursions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Insurgency_in_Chad_(2016%E2%80%93present)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Minor rebel incursions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 12 January 2019, a Sudanese armed group, the <a href="/wiki/Justice_and_Equality_Movement" title="Justice and Equality Movement">Justice and Equality Movement</a>, crossed the border with Libya with dozens of vehicles and attacked CCSMR positions in Kouri Bougoudi.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to JEM 67 of its fighters were killed while CCSMR reported three dead and 12 wounded.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 3–6 February, the <a href="/wiki/French_Air_and_Space_Force" title="French Air and Space Force">French Air Force</a> conducted airstrikes on <a href="/wiki/Union_of_Resistance_Forces" title="Union of Resistance Forces">Union of Resistance Forces</a> (UFR) troops who had launched a raid into Chad. On 9 February 2019, the Chadian army claimed to have captured 250 rebels including four leaders and destroyed forty vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_Europe_and_Foreign_Affairs_(France)" title="Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (France)">French Foreign Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Yves_Le_Drian" title="Jean-Yves Le Drian">Jean-Yves Le Drian</a> explained the operation by claiming that France had acted "to prevent a coup d'etat".<sup id="cite_ref-taub_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taub-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition, FACT switched its allies in Libya in 2019, aligning itself with <a href="/wiki/Khalifa_Haftar" title="Khalifa Haftar">Khalifa Haftar</a>. The group relocated to <a href="/wiki/Al_Jufra_Airbase" title="Al Jufra Airbase">Al Jufra Airbase</a>, where it received training and equipment in return for its aid to Haftar's campaigns. The base also harbored mercenaries of the Russian <a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group" title="Wagner Group">Wagner Group</a>, former Blackwater associates, and troops of the <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates_Armed_Forces" title="United Arab Emirates Armed Forces">United Arab Emirates Armed Forces</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-walsh_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walsh-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death_of_Idriss_Déby_and_national_dialogue"><span id="Death_of_Idriss_D.C3.A9by_and_national_dialogue"></span>Death of Idriss Déby and national dialogue</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Insurgency_in_Chad_(2016%E2%80%93present)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Death of Idriss Déby and national dialogue"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2021_Northern_Chad_offensive" title="2021 Northern Chad offensive">2021 Northern Chad offensive</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2021_Chadian_presidential_election" title="2021 Chadian presidential election">2021 Chadian presidential election</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chadamnesty.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Chadamnesty.png/220px-Chadamnesty.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Chadamnesty.png/330px-Chadamnesty.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Chadamnesty.png/440px-Chadamnesty.png 2x" data-file-width="1023" data-file-height="575" /></a><figcaption>Chadian government representatives announce an amnesty for ex-rebels and political prisoners in late 2021 </figcaption></figure> <p>In early 2020, Haftar's <a href="/wiki/Western_Libya_campaign" title="Western Libya campaign">Western Libya campaign</a> failed to capture <a href="/wiki/Tripoli,_Libya" title="Tripoli, Libya">Tripoli</a>, ultimately resulting in a ceasefire agreement in Libya. As a result, several Chadian rebel groups became free to resume their long-held plan to return to Chad.<sup id="cite_ref-walsh_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walsh-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 26 January 2021, 50 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Front_de_la_Nation_pour_la_D%C3%A9mocratie_et_la_Justice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Front de la Nation pour la Démocratie et la Justice (page does not exist)">FNDJT</a> rebels on 20 4x4 vehicles attacked Post 35 in Kouri Bougoudi 40 km south of border with Libya.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 11 April 2021, FACT launched an offensive in <a href="/wiki/Tibesti_Region" title="Tibesti Region">Tibesti Region</a> in the north of the country following the <a href="/wiki/2021_Chadian_presidential_election" title="2021 Chadian presidential election">2021 Chadian presidential election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President <a href="/wiki/Idriss_D%C3%A9by" title="Idriss Déby">Idriss Déby</a> was killed during the offensive on 20 April.<sup id="cite_ref-france24_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-france24-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite this success, the rebel offensive ultimately failed, and the government claimed victory on 9 May 2021. The Chadian presidency passed to <a href="/wiki/Mahamat_D%C3%A9by" title="Mahamat Déby">Mahamat Déby</a>, the son of Idriss Déby.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He established the <a href="/wiki/Transitional_Military_Council_(Chad)" title="Transitional Military Council (Chad)">Transitional Military Council</a> (TMC) as new governing authority, and initially refused to negotiate with insurgent groups.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Dialogue_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Dialogue-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Déby softened his stance in August 2021, proposing a national dialogue with the rebels. FACT expressed interest in the proposal.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Dialogue_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Dialogue-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The discussion between the government and insurgents started in October, overseen by ex-President <a href="/wiki/Goukouni_Oueddei" title="Goukouni Oueddei">Goukouni Oueddei</a>. The CCMSR and FNDJT confirmed their participation.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 29 November, the Chadian government announced an amnesty for 296 rebels and political dissidents.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 2022, more opposition figures were released by the Chadian government.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the following month, the TMC junta accused the UFR of trying to enlist the Wagner Group to aid them in the insurgency. In doing so, UFR leader Timane Erdimi was allegedly using middlemen in the <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2022, further peace talks were held in <a href="/wiki/Doha" title="Doha">Doha</a>, involving Déby's regime and several rebel groups, including FACT, <a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Democracy_and_Justice_in_Chad" title="Movement for Democracy and Justice in Chad">MDJT</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Union_of_Forces_for_Democracy_and_Development" title="Union of Forces for Democracy and Development">UFDD</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-jo_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jo-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The peace talks made little significant progress, however,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the insurgents maintained their presence in the country's north.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amid internal disagreements, the CCMSR left the negotiations in May.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the same month, gold miners in Tibesti clashed in a battle which left over one hundred people dead; CCMSR and FACT subsequently accused the government of negligence regarding communal violence.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over 20 rebel groups<sup id="cite_ref-aljazeera_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aljazeera-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> officially pulled out of the Doha talks in mid-July 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At least some of these subsequently resumed negotiations, and a "majority" of the active insurgent factions agreed to sign a peace agreement later that month. However, some of the most powerful rebel groups including FACT refused to sign the agreement unless the government made more concessions.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 7 August 2022, Chad's military government signed a deal with 42 opposition groups. Five other rebel factions –including FACT– refused to join the agreement.<sup id="cite_ref-Haruna_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haruna-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> UFR leader Timane Erdimi subsequently returned to Chad, officially to support the implementation of the National Dialogue.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In late August 2022, CCMSR declared that it had killed ten soldiers in Wouri district, northern Tibesti Region. Chadian government officials admitted that rebels had made an incursion into the country, though denied the deaths of security forces.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October, the Chadian government violently suppressed public protests in a crackdown that killed 200 people. This caused numerous opposition leaders to return to exile, and undermined the willindness of still-fighting insurgents to lay down arms.<sup id="cite_ref-Picco_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Picco-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No one was held accountable for the civilians' deaths.<sup id="cite_ref-hrw_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hrw-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Renewed_intensification_of_fighting">Renewed intensification of fighting</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Insurgency_in_Chad_(2016%E2%80%93present)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Renewed intensification of fighting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chadian_soldiers_at_Chad-Sudan_border_1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Chadian_soldiers_at_Chad-Sudan_border_1.png/220px-Chadian_soldiers_at_Chad-Sudan_border_1.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Chadian_soldiers_at_Chad-Sudan_border_1.png/330px-Chadian_soldiers_at_Chad-Sudan_border_1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Chadian_soldiers_at_Chad-Sudan_border_1.png/440px-Chadian_soldiers_at_Chad-Sudan_border_1.png 2x" data-file-width="1671" data-file-height="933" /></a><figcaption>Chadian soldiers oversee <a href="/wiki/Sudanese_refugee_crisis_(2023%E2%80%93present)" title="Sudanese refugee crisis (2023–present)">Sudanese refugees</a> in May 2023 </figcaption></figure> <p>By 2023, about 7,000 Chadian rebels were still active, scattered across Sudan, Libya, Niger, and Chad itself.<sup id="cite_ref-bish_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bish-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 2023, a new insurgent group was founded at the Central African Republic–Chad border. Calling itself the "Revolution Movement for Southern Chad" (MRST), it claimed to have thousands of members and requested Russian support for its operations. Meanwhile, the Chadian government signed a peace agreement with a self-defence group based in <a href="/wiki/Miski,_Chad" title="Miski, Chad">Miski</a>; the militia had previously fought against state control of the local gold mines.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March, 400 captured rebels were sentenced to life imprisonment by a Chadian court; however, Mahamat Déby Itno pardoned 380 of them.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2023, rebels were battling the Chadian military in the Tibesti region as well as at the border to the <a href="/wiki/Central_Africa_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Africa Republic">Central Africa Republic</a>. At the same time, unrest grew in Chad's eastern regions due to a mass influx of <a href="/wiki/Sudanese_refugee_crisis_(2023%E2%80%93present)" title="Sudanese refugee crisis (2023–present)">refugees fleeing</a> the <a href="/wiki/War_in_Sudan_(2023%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="War in Sudan (2023–present)">civil war in Sudan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Picco_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Picco-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In southern Chad, a number of deadly attacks and <a href="/wiki/Cattle_raiding" title="Cattle raiding">cattle raids</a> were carried out by groups operating from the Central African Republic.<sup id="cite_ref-voa_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-voa-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response, the Chadian military cooperated with security forces of the neighboring state to destroy two rebels camps around <a href="/wiki/Paoua" title="Paoua">Paoua</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dp_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dp-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though the Chadian government described the Paoua camps as belonging to "bandits", journalists identified them as likely bases of the MRST and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rally_for_Justice_and_Equality_of_Chadians&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rally for Justice and Equality of Chadians (page does not exist)">RPJET</a> insurgent groups.<sup id="cite_ref-rfi_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfi-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dp_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dp-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite the joint operation, armed militants continued to carry out cross-border raids from the Central African Republic.<sup id="cite_ref-voa_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-voa-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In general, southern Chad was affected by growing tensions between farmers and cattle herders, resulting in a number of deadly intercommunal clashes.<sup id="cite_ref-hrw_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hrw-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2023, FACT accused the Chadian military of bombing one of its bases and declared the ceasefire deal to be over. The Chadian government responded by claiming that FACT had initiated hostilities by crossing the Chadian-Libyan border. Meanwhile, the <a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_for_Recovery" title="Popular Front for Recovery">Popular Front for Recovery</a> (FPR) declared that it was siding with FACT and called on all "patriotic forces" to launch a unified "national uprising" against Déby.<sup id="cite_ref-reuters_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The CCMSR also launched new attacks in northern Chad. In the same month, Haftar's <a href="/wiki/Libyan_National_Army" title="Libyan National Army">Libyan National Army</a> attacked Chadian insurgent positions in Libya, mainly at Umm al-Araneb in <a href="/wiki/Murzuq_District" title="Murzuq District">Murzuq District</a>; the identity of the targeted insurgent group(s) was unclear.<sup id="cite_ref-dp2_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dp2-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2024, Chadian security forces arrested 80 military officers. The men, led by Lt. Kouroumta Levana Guelemi, had reportedly formed a group called "M3M" and planned an "insurrection" and/or <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d'état">coup d'état</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Role_of_foreign_forces">Role of foreign forces</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Insurgency_in_Chad_(2016%E2%80%93present)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Role of foreign forces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group_activities_in_Africa" title="Wagner Group activities in Africa">Wagner Group activities in Africa</a></div> <p>The Chadian government is mainly backed by French forces which have traditionally a substantial presence in the country. The French troops have fought alongside the Chadian military, and the French Air Force has provided government forces with air support during the insurgency.<sup id="cite_ref-Badi_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badi-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2023, Chad had become one of few remaining French allies in the <a href="/wiki/Sahel" title="Sahel">Sahel</a>, as various other regional states had evicted long-standing French garrisons.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> China has also supplied Chad with weaponry.<sup id="cite_ref-china_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-china-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2023, Central African Republic's security forces cooperated with the Chadian military during anti-rebel operations; as the relations between the two states have been historically strained, this was seen as unusual by journalists.<sup id="cite_ref-dp_46-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dp-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The role of foreign support for the insurgents is unclear, but it is widely suspected by researchers and local governments that various foreign actors are involved in the rebellion. Various Chadian rebel groups are known to occasionally ally with the Libyan forces of Khalifa Haftar; thus, Haftar's troops may have provided the insurgents with training and equipment.<sup id="cite_ref-bish_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bish-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, there have also been open clashes between Haftar's forces and some Chadian rebels.<sup id="cite_ref-dp2_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dp2-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, the Al Jufra Airbase in Libya was supplied by the <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> during its occupation by Chadian rebels. Mercenaries belonging to the <a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group" title="Wagner Group">Wagner Group</a> have been spotted at the base, alongside former as well as current <a href="/wiki/Blackwater_(company)" title="Blackwater (company)">Blackwater</a> members.<sup id="cite_ref-dp2_48-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dp2-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-walsh_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walsh-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2023, the United States intelligence leaked documents according to which the Wagner Group was cooperating with <a href="/wiki/Hemedti" title="Hemedti">Hemedti</a> -head of the Sudanese <a href="/wiki/Rapid_Support_Forces" title="Rapid Support Forces">Rapid Support Forces</a>- to recruit as well as train Chad rebels in the Central African Republic with the ultimate goal of overthrowing the Chadian government.<sup id="cite_ref-bish_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bish-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Insurgency_in_Chad_(2016%E2%80%93present)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-jo-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jo_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jo_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jo_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agenzia+Nova&rft.atitle=Movements+of+armed+groups+on+the+border+between+Chad+and+the+Central+African+Republic&rft.date=2023-05-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.agenzianova.com%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fmovements-of-armed-groups-on-the-border-between-Chad-and-the-Central-African-Republic%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInsurgency+in+Chad+%282016%E2%80%93present%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dp2-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dp2_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dp2_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dp2_48-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedefensepost.com/2023/08/26/libya-strongman-assault-chad-rebels/">"East Libya Strongman Launches Assault on Chad Rebels"</a>. <i>Defense Post</i>. 26 August 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Defense+Post&rft.atitle=East+Libya+Strongman+Launches+Assault+on+Chad+Rebels&rft.date=2023-08-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedefensepost.com%2F2023%2F08%2F26%2Flibya-strongman-assault-chad-rebels%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInsurgency+in+Chad+%282016%E2%80%93present%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.crisisgroup.org/crisiswatch/february-alerts-and-january-trends-2023">"CrisisWatch. January 2024"</a>. <i>Crisis Group</i>. January 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Crisis+Group&rft.atitle=CrisisWatch.+January+2024&rft.date=2024-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.crisisgroup.org%2Fcrisiswatch%2Ffebruary-alerts-and-january-trends-2023&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInsurgency+in+Chad+%282016%E2%80%93present%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_Tasamba2024" class="citation news cs1">James Tasamba (20 January 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/chad-arrests-80-over-suspected-insurrection/3114098">"Chad arrests 80 over suspected insurrection"</a>. <i>AA</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AA&rft.atitle=Chad+arrests+80+over+suspected+insurrection&rft.date=2024-01-20&rft.au=James+Tasamba&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aa.com.tr%2Fen%2Fafrica%2Fchad-arrests-80-over-suspected-insurrection%2F3114098&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInsurgency+in+Chad+%282016%E2%80%93present%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.voaafrique.com/a/le-premier-convoi-militaire-fran%C3%A7ais-parti-du-niger-arriv%C3%A9-au-tchad-sans-encombre-/7317397.html">"Le premier convoi militaire français parti du Niger arrivé au Tchad "sans encombre"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>VOA</i>. 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chad_topics" title="Template:Chad topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chad_topics" title="Template talk:Chad topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chad_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chad topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chad_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Chad-related_articles" title="Index of Chad-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chad" title="History of Chad">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kanem_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanem Empire">Kanem-Bornu Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Baguirmi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Baguirmi">Kingdom of Baguirmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouaddai_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Ouaddai Empire">Ouaddai Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_Chad" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonial Chad">French Colonial Period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tombalbaye_government" title="Tombalbaye government">Tombalbaye government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chadian_Civil_War_(1965%E2%80%931979)" title="Chadian Civil War (1965–1979)">Chadian Civil War (1965–1979)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_Chadian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1975 Chadian coup d'état">1975 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad_under_F%C3%A9lix_Malloum" title="Chad under Félix Malloum">Malloum government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transitional_Government_of_National_Unity_(Chad)" title="Transitional Government of National Unity (Chad)">Transitional government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chadian%E2%80%93Libyan_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Chadian–Libyan conflict">Chadian–Libyan conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toyota_War" title="Toyota War">Toyota War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Chadian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1990 Chadian coup d'état">1990 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chadian_Civil_War_(2005%E2%80%932010)" title="Chadian Civil War (2005–2010)">Chadian Civil War (2005–2010)</a> <ul><li>Battle of N'Djamena <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_N%27Djamena_(2006)" title="Battle of N'Djamena (2006)">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_N%27Djamena_(2008)" title="Battle of N'Djamena (2008)">2008</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Insurgency in Chad (2016–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2021_Northern_Chad_offensive" title="2021 Northern Chad offensive">2021 offensive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chad" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Chad">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Chad" title="Coat of arms of Chad"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coat_of_arms_of_Chad.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Chad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coat_of_arms_of_Chad.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Chad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coat_of_arms_of_Chad.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Chad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="686" data-file-height="599" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Chad" title="Geography of Chad">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Chad" title="List of cities in Chad">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Chad" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Chad">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Departments_of_Chad" title="Departments of Chad">Departments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Chad" title="Geology of Chad">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Chad" title="List of lakes of Chad">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_Chad" title="Prefectures of Chad">Prefectures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Chad" title="List of rivers of Chad">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Chad" title="Wildlife of Chad">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Chad" title="Politics of Chad">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Borders_of_Chad" title="Template:Borders of Chad">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Chad" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of Chad">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Chad" title="Corruption in Chad">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Chad" title="Elections in Chad">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Chad" title="Foreign relations of Chad">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Chad" title="Human rights in Chad">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Chad" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Chad">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Chad" title="Law enforcement in Chad">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad_National_Army" title="Chad National Army">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_General_Staff_(Chad)" title="Chief of the General Staff (Chad)">Chief of the General Staff</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Chad)" title="National Assembly (Chad)">National Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Chad" title="List of political parties in Chad">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Chad" title="List of heads of state of Chad">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Chad" title="Vice President of Chad">Vice President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Chad" title="List of prime ministers of Chad">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transitional_Military_Council_(Chad)" title="Transitional Military Council (Chad)">Transitional Military Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Chad" title="Economy of Chad">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Chad" title="Agriculture in Chad">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_CFA_franc" title="Central African CFA franc">Currency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Chad" title="List of companies of Chad">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Chad" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Chad">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Chad" title="Telecommunications in Chad">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Chad" title="Tourism in Chad">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_unions_in_Chad" title="Trade unions in Chad">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Chad" title="Transport in Chad">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chad#Culture" title="Chad">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chadian_cuisine" title="Chadian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Chad" title="Demographics of Chad">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Chad" title="Education in Chad">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Chad" title="Ethnic groups in Chad">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Chad" title="Flag of Chad">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Chad" title="Health in Chad">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Chad" title="Languages of Chad">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Chad" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Chad">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chadians" title="List of Chadians">List of Chadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Chad" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Chad">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Chad" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Chad">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Chad" title="Music of Chad">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Chad" title="Public holidays in Chad">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Chad" title="Religion in Chad">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Chad" title="Sports in Chad">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Chad" title="Abortion in Chad">Abortion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Chad" title="Outline of Chad">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Chad-related_articles" title="Index of Chad-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chad" title="Category:Chad">Category</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ongoing_armed_conflicts" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ongoing_military_conflicts" title="Template:Ongoing military conflicts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ongoing_military_conflicts" title="Template talk:Ongoing military conflicts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ongoing_military_conflicts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ongoing military conflicts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ongoing_armed_conflicts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ongoing_armed_conflicts" title="List of ongoing armed conflicts">Ongoing armed conflicts</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allied_Democratic_Forces_insurgency" title="Allied Democratic Forces insurgency">Allied Democratic Forces insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglophone_Crisis" title="Anglophone Crisis">Anglophone Crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinda_War" title="Cabinda War">Cabinda War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Civil_War" title="Central African Republic Civil War">Central African Republic Civil War</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Insurgency in Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katanga_insurgency" title="Katanga insurgency">Insurgency in the Democratic Republic of the Congo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ituri_conflict" title="Ituri conflict">Ituri conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_DR_Congo_clashes" title="Western DR Congo clashes">Western DR Congo clashes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kivu_conflict" title="Kivu conflict">Kivu conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M23_offensive_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="M23 offensive (2022–present)">M23 offensive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Resistance_Army_insurgency" title="Lord's Resistance Army insurgency">Lord's Resistance Army insurgency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allied_Democratic_Forces_insurgency" title="Allied Democratic Forces insurgency">ADF insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_civil_conflict_(2018%E2%80%93present)" title="Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present)">Ethiopian civil conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afar%E2%80%93Somali_clashes" title="Afar–Somali clashes">Afar–Somali clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OLA_insurgency" title="OLA insurgency">OLA insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oromo_conflict" title="Oromo conflict">Oromo conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Amhara" title="War in Amhara">War in Amhara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_violence_in_South_Sudan" title="Ethnic violence in South Sudan">Ethnic violence in South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Cabo_Delgado" title="Insurgency in Cabo Delgado">Insurgency in Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_Civil_War" title="Somali Civil War">Somali Civil War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Atalanta" title="Operation Atalanta">Operation Atalanta</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_terrorism_in_Egypt_(2013%E2%80%93present)" title="Timeline of terrorism in Egypt (2013–present)">Insurgency in Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_the_Maghreb_(2002%E2%80%93present)" title="Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)">Insurgency in the Maghreb</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamist_insurgency_in_the_Sahel" title="Islamist insurgency in the Sahel">Insurgency in the Sahel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jihadist_insurgency_in_Burkina_Faso" class="mw-redirect" title="Jihadist insurgency in Burkina Faso">Jihadist insurgency in Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jihadist_insurgency_in_Niger" title="Jihadist insurgency in Niger">Jihadist insurgency in Niger</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Crisis_(2011%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Libyan Crisis (2011–present)">Libyan Crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinai_insurgency" title="Sinai insurgency">Sinai insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_nomadic_conflicts" title="Sudanese nomadic conflicts">Sudanese nomadic conflicts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_violence_in_South_Sudan" title="Ethnic violence in South Sudan">Ethnic violence in South Sudan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Darfur" title="War in Darfur">War in Darfur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara_conflict" title="Western Sahara conflict">Western Sahara conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Saharan_clashes_(2020%E2%80%93present)" title="Western Saharan clashes (2020–present)">Western Saharan clashes</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communal_conflicts_in_Nigeria" title="Communal conflicts in Nigeria">Communal conflicts in Nigeria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boko_Haram_insurgency" title="Boko Haram insurgency">Boko Haram insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herder%E2%80%93farmer_conflicts_in_Nigeria" title="Herder–farmer conflicts in Nigeria">Herder–farmer conflicts in Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_bandit_conflict" title="Nigerian bandit conflict">Nigerian bandit conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_violence_in_Nigeria" title="Religious violence in Nigeria">Religious violence in Nigeria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conflict_in_the_Niger_Delta" title="Conflict in the Niger Delta">Conflict in the Niger Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Southeastern_Nigeria" title="Insurgency in Southeastern Nigeria">Insurgency in Southeastern Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali_War" title="Mali War">Mali War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azawad_conflict" title="Azawad conflict">Azawad conflict</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Togoland_Rebellion" title="Western Togoland Rebellion">Western Togoland Rebellion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_political_conflict" title="Jamaican political conflict">Jamaican political conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_drug_war" title="Mexican drug war">Mexican drug war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_gang_crackdown" title="Salvadoran gang crackdown">Salvadoran gang crackdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honduran_gang_crackdown" title="Honduran gang crackdown">Honduran gang crackdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gang_war_in_Haiti" title="Gang war in Haiti">Gang war in Haiti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_conflict" title="Colombian conflict">Colombian conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuadorian_security_crisis" title="Ecuadorian security crisis">Ecuadorian security crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Paraguay" title="Insurgency in Paraguay">Insurgency in Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Peruvian conflict">Peruvian conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapuche_conflict" title="Mapuche conflict">Mapuche conflict</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_conflict" title="Korean conflict">Korean conflict</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang_conflict" title="Xinjiang conflict">Xinjiang conflict</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_conflict" title="Afghan conflict">Afghan conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_State%E2%80%93Taliban_conflict" title="Islamic State–Taliban conflict">Islamic State–Taliban conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_insurgency_in_Afghanistan" title="Republican insurgency in Afghanistan">Republican insurgency</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Bangladesh" title="Terrorism in Bangladesh">Internal conflict in Bangladesh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_drug_war" title="Bangladesh drug war">Drugs</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Northeast_India" title="Insurgency in Northeast India">Insurgency in Northeast India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir">Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency" title="Naxalite–Maoist insurgency">Naxalite–Maoist insurgency</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Radd-ul-Fasaad" title="Operation Radd-ul-Fasaad">Insurgency in Pakistan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Sindh" title="Insurgency in Sindh">Insurgency in Sindh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistan_and_Baluchestan_insurgency" title="Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency">Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa" title="Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="Afghanistan–Pakistan border skirmishes">Afghanistan–Pakistan border skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Sindh" title="Insurgency in Sindh">Insurgency in Sindh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sectarian_violence_in_Pakistan" title="Sectarian violence in Pakistan">Sectarian violence in Pakistan</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South-<br />east</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar_conflict" title="Myanmar conflict">Myanmar conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar_civil_war_(2021%E2%80%93present)" title="Myanmar civil war (2021–present)">Myanmar civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kachin_conflict" title="Kachin conflict">Kachin conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalay_clashes" title="Kalay clashes">Kalay clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_conflict" title="Karen conflict">Karen conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen%E2%80%93Mon_conflict" title="Karen–Mon conflict">Karen–Mon conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conflict_in_Rakhine_State_(2016%E2%80%93present)" title="Conflict in Rakhine State (2016–present)">Conflict in Rakhine State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohingya_conflict" title="Rohingya conflict">Rohingya conflict</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_conflict_in_the_Philippines" title="Civil conflict in the Philippines">Conflicts in the Philippines</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_People%27s_Army_rebellion" title="New People's Army rebellion">Communist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_drug_war" title="Philippine drug war">Drug war</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_conflict" title="Papua conflict">Papua conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Thailand_insurgency" title="South Thailand insurgency">South Thailand insurgency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia_conflict" title="Abkhazia conflict">Abkhazia conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian%E2%80%93Ossetian_conflict" title="Georgian–Ossetian conflict">Georgian–Ossetian conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistan_and_Baluchestan_insurgency" title="Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency">Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_conflict" title="Iraqi conflict">Iraq conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_insurgency_in_Iraq_(2017%E2%80%93present)" title="Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017–present)">Islamic State insurgency in Iraq</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict">Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qatif_conflict" title="Qatif conflict">Qatif conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_crisis" title="Yemeni crisis">Yemeni crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saudi-led_intervention_in_the_Yemeni_civil_war" title="Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war">Saudi–led intervention</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present)" title="Yemeni civil war (2014–present)">Yemeni Civil war</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Israel_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Israel proxy conflict">Iran–Israel proxy conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_conflict" title="Gaza–Israel conflict">Gaza–Israel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hezbollah%E2%80%93Israel_conflict" title="Hezbollah–Israel conflict">Hezbollah–Israel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Israel_conflict_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Iran–Israel conflict during the Syrian civil war">Iran–Israel conflict in Syria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_separatism_in_Iran" title="Kurdish separatism in Iran">Kurdish separatism in Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93PJAK_conflict" title="Iran–PJAK conflict">Iran–PJAK conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Iran_clashes_(2016%E2%80%93present)" title="Western Iran clashes (2016–present)">Western Iran clashes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party_insurgency" title="Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency">Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party_insurgency_(2015%E2%80%93present)" title="Timeline of the Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency (2015–present)">2015–present</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoist_insurgency_in_Turkey" title="Maoist insurgency in Turkey">Maoist insurgency in Turkey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DHKP/C_insurgency_in_Turkey" title="DHKP/C insurgency in Turkey">DHKP/C insurgency in Turkey</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_insurgency" title="Daraa insurgency">Daraa insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert_campaign_(December_2017%E2%80%93present)" title="Syrian Desert campaign (December 2017–present)">Desert campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-rebel_conflict_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian civil war">Inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rojava_conflict" title="Rojava conflict">Rojava conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war">Russian intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian%E2%80%93Turkish_border_clashes_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian–Turkish border clashes during the Syrian civil war">Syrian–Turkish border clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_insurgency_in_Deir_ez-Zor" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic State insurgency in Deir ez-Zor">Islamic State insurgency in Deir ez-Zor</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia_conflict" title="Abkhazia conflict">Abkhazia conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian%E2%80%93Ossetian_conflict" title="Georgian–Ossetian conflict">Georgian–Ossetian conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_insurgency_in_the_North_Caucasus" title="Islamic State insurgency in the North Caucasus">Islamic State insurgency in the North Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dissident_Irish_republican_campaign" title="Dissident Irish republican campaign">Dissident Irish republican campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loyalist_feud" title="Loyalist feud">Loyalist feud</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Post–Cold_War_conflicts_in_Africa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Post-Cold_War_African_conflicts" title="Template:Post-Cold War African conflicts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Post-Cold_War_African_conflicts" title="Template talk:Post-Cold War African conflicts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Post-Cold_War_African_conflicts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Post-Cold War African conflicts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Post–Cold_War_conflicts_in_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Post–<a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_conflicts_in_Africa" title="List of conflicts in Africa">conflicts in Africa</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">North Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Egypt</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Crisis_(2011%E2%80%932014)" title="Egyptian Crisis (2011–2014)">Egyptian Crisis</a> (2011–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Egyptian_revolution" title="2011 Egyptian revolution">2011 revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinai_insurgency" title="Sinai insurgency">Sinai insurgency</a> (2011–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-coup_unrest_in_Egypt_(2013%E2%80%932014)" title="Post-coup unrest in Egypt (2013–2014)">Post-coup unrest</a> (2013–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_terrorism_in_Egypt_(2013%E2%80%93present)" title="Timeline of terrorism in Egypt (2013–present)">Terrorism in Egypt</a> (2013–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Libya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_Kufra_conflict" title="2008 Kufra conflict">2008 Kufra conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_crisis_(2011%E2%80%93present)" title="Libyan crisis (2011–present)">Libyan crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_civil_war_(2011)" title="Libyan civil war (2011)">2011 civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Factional_violence_in_Libya_(2011%E2%80%932014)" title="Factional violence in Libya (2011–2014)">2011–2014 factional violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%932020)" title="Libyan civil war (2014–2020)">2014–2020 civil war</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Western Sahara</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara_conflict" title="Western Sahara conflict">Western Sahara conflict</a> (1970–present) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara_War" title="Western Sahara War">War, 1975–1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Saharan_clashes_(2020%E2%80%93present)" title="Western Saharan clashes (2020–present)">Clashes, 2020–present</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_Civil_War" title="Algerian Civil War">Algerian Civil War</a> (1991–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_the_Maghreb_(2002%E2%80%93present)" title="Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)">Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_revolution" title="Tunisian revolution">Tunisian revolution</a> (2010–2011)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Africa" title="West Africa">West Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Nigeria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communal_conflicts_in_Nigeria" title="Communal conflicts in Nigeria">Communal conflicts in Nigeria</a> (1998–present) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herder%E2%80%93farmer_conflicts_in_Nigeria" title="Herder–farmer conflicts in Nigeria">Herder–farmer conflicts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_violence_in_Nigeria" title="Religious violence in Nigeria">Religious violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boko_Haram_insurgency" title="Boko Haram insurgency">Boko Haram insurgency</a> (2009–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conflict_in_the_Niger_Delta" title="Conflict in the Niger Delta">Niger Delta conflict</a> (2003–present) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Niger_Delta_conflict" title="2016 Niger Delta conflict">2016 conflict</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Southeastern_Nigeria" title="Insurgency in Southeastern Nigeria">Insurgency in Southeastern Nigeria</a> (2021–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Mali</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Tuareg rebellions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tuareg_rebellion_(1990%E2%80%931995)" title="Tuareg rebellion (1990–1995)">1990–1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuareg_rebellion_(2007%E2%80%932009)" title="Tuareg rebellion (2007–2009)">2007–2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuareg_rebellion_(2012)" title="Tuareg rebellion (2012)">2012</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali_War" title="Mali War">Mali War</a> (2012–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Sierra Leone</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ndogboyosoi_War" title="Ndogboyosoi War">Ndogboyosoi War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone_Civil_War" title="Sierra Leone Civil War">Sierra Leone Civil War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Liberia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Liberian Civil Wars <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Liberian_Civil_War" title="First Liberian Civil War">1989–1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Liberian_Civil_War" title="Second Liberian Civil War">1999–2003</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Côte d'Ivoire</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ivorian Civil Wars <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Ivorian_Civil_War" title="First Ivorian Civil War">2002–2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Ivorian_Civil_War" title="Second Ivorian Civil War">2010–2011</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau_Civil_War" title="Guinea-Bissau Civil War">Guinea-Bissau Civil War</a> (1998–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Guinea_clashes" title="2013 Guinea clashes">Guinea clashes</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casamance_conflict" title="Casamance conflict">Casamance conflict</a> (1982–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016%E2%80%932017_Gambian_constitutional_crisis" title="2016–2017 Gambian constitutional crisis">2016–2017 Gambian constitutional crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ECOWAS_military_intervention_in_the_Gambia" title="ECOWAS military intervention in the Gambia">ECOWAS military intervention</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Togoland_Rebellion" title="Western Togoland Rebellion">Western Togoland Rebellion</a> (2020–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_Africa" title="Central Africa">Central Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Angola</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angolan_Civil_War" title="Angolan Civil War">Angolan Civil War</a> (1975–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinda_War" title="Cabinda War">Cabinda War</a> (1975–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">DR Congo</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Congo_War" title="First Congo War">First Congo War</a> (1996–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_Democratic_Forces_insurgency" title="Allied Democratic Forces insurgency">Allied Democratic Forces insurgency</a> (1996–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Congo_War" title="Second Congo War">Second Congo War</a> (1998–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ituri_conflict" title="Ituri conflict">Ituri conflict</a> (1999–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kivu_conflict" title="Kivu conflict">Kivu conflict</a> (2004–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongo_conflict" title="Dongo conflict">Dongo conflict</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ituri_conflict" title="Ituri conflict">Ituri conflict</a> (2009–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_23_Movement" title="March 23 Movement">March 23 Movement</a> conflict <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M23_rebellion" title="M23 rebellion">2012–2013 rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M23_offensive_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="M23 offensive (2022–present)">2022–2024 offensive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batwa%E2%80%93Luba_clashes" title="Batwa–Luba clashes">Batwa–Luba clashes</a> (2013–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamwina_Nsapu_rebellion" title="Kamwina Nsapu rebellion">Kamwina Nsapu rebellion</a> (2016–2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Republic<br />of the Congo</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Civil wars <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo_Civil_War_(1993%E2%80%931994)" title="Republic of the Congo Civil War (1993–1994)">1993–1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo_Civil_War_(1997%E2%80%931999)" title="Republic of the Congo Civil War (1997–1999)">1997–1999</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002%E2%80%932003_conflict_in_the_Pool_Department" title="2002–2003 conflict in the Pool Department">Pool Department conflict</a> (2002–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pool_War" title="Pool War">Pool War</a> (2016–2017)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Central African<br />Republic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Bush_War" title="Central African Republic Bush War">Bush War</a> (2004–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Civil_War" title="Central African Republic Civil War">Civil War (2012–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_conflict_(2013%E2%80%932014)" title="Central African Republic conflict (2013–2014)">Djotodia period, 2013–2014</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Chad</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chadian_Civil_War_(2005%E2%80%932010)" title="Chadian Civil War (2005–2010)">Civil War (2005–2010)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Northern_Chad" class="mw-redirect" title="Insurgency in Northern Chad">Insurgency in Northern Chad</a> (2016–present) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2021_Northern_Chad_offensive" title="2021 Northern Chad offensive">2021 offensive</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglophone_Crisis" title="Anglophone Crisis">Anglophone Crisis (Cameroon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Resistance_Army_insurgency" title="Lord's Resistance Army insurgency">Lord's Resistance Army insurgency</a> (1987–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boko_Haram_insurgency" title="Boko Haram insurgency">Boko Haram insurgency</a> (2009–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_Africa" title="East Africa">East Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Ethiopia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oromo_conflict" title="Oromo conflict">Oromo conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OLA_insurgency" title="OLA insurgency">OLA insurgency, 2018–present</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Ogaden" title="Insurgency in Ogaden">Insurgency in Ogaden</a> (1994–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Afar_insurgency" title="Second Afar insurgency">Second Afar insurgency</a> (1995–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrean%E2%80%93Ethiopian_border_conflict" title="Eritrean–Ethiopian border conflict">Eritrean–Ethiopian border conflict</a> (2000–2018) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eritrean%E2%80%93Ethiopian_War" title="Eritrean–Ethiopian War">War, 1998–2000</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_civil_conflict_(2018%E2%80%93present)" title="Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present)">Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afar%E2%80%93Somali_clashes" title="Afar–Somali clashes">Afar–Somali clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benishangul-Gumuz_conflict" title="Benishangul-Gumuz conflict">Benishangul-Gumuz conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oromia%E2%80%93Somali_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="Oromia–Somali clashes">Oromia–Somali clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tigray_war" title="Tigray war">Tigray war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Amhara" title="War in Amhara">War in Amhara</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Somalia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Puntland%E2%80%93Somaliland_dispute" title="Puntland–Somaliland dispute">Puntland–Somaliland dispute</a> (1998–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_Civil_War" title="Somali Civil War">Somali Civil War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Somalia_(2006%E2%80%932009)" title="War in Somalia (2006–2009)">2006–2009 Ethiopian intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_Civil_War_(2009%E2%80%93present)" title="Somali Civil War (2009–present)">2009–present phase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union_Mission_to_Somalia" title="African Union Mission to Somalia">AMISOM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_off_the_coast_of_Somalia" title="Piracy off the coast of Somalia">Piracy off the coast of Somalia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Kenya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_conflicts_in_Kenya" title="Ethnic conflicts in Kenya">Ethnic conflicts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali%E2%80%93Kenyan_conflict" title="Somali–Kenyan conflict">Somali–Kenyan conflict</a> (1963–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Likoni#The_Likoni_Massacres" title="Likoni">Likoni massacres</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007%E2%80%932008_Kenyan_crisis" title="2007–2008 Kenyan crisis">Kenyan crisis</a> (2007–2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012%E2%80%932013_Tana_River_District_clashes" title="2012–2013 Tana River District clashes">2012–2013 Tana River District clashes</a> (2012–2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baragoi_clashes" title="Baragoi clashes">Baragoi clashes</a> (2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">South Sudan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heglig_Crisis" title="Heglig Crisis">Heglig Crisis</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_nomadic_conflicts" title="Sudanese nomadic conflicts">Nomadic conflicts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_violence_in_South_Sudan" title="Ethnic violence in South Sudan">Ethnic violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudanese_Civil_War" title="South Sudanese Civil War">Civil War</a> (2013–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abyei_conflict_(2022%E2%80%932023)" class="mw-redirect" title="Abyei conflict (2022–2023)">Abyei conflict (2022–2023)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Sudan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Sudanese_Civil_War" title="Second Sudanese Civil War">Second Sudanese Civil War</a> (1983–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Darfur" title="War in Darfur">War in Darfur</a> (2003–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_nomadic_conflicts" title="Sudanese nomadic conflicts">Nomadic conflicts</a> (2009–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_conflict_in_South_Kordofan_and_Blue_Nile" title="Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile">South Kordofan and Blue Nile conflict</a> (2011–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heglig_Crisis" title="Heglig Crisis">Heglig Crisis</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Nile_clashes_(2022%E2%80%932023)" title="Blue Nile clashes (2022–2023)">Blue Nile clashes</a> (2022–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_civil_war_(2023%E2%80%93present)" title="Sudanese civil war (2023–present)">Sudanese civil war</a> (2023–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Uganda</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Resistance_Army_insurgency" title="Lord's Resistance Army insurgency">Lord's Resistance Army insurgency</a> (1987–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_Democratic_Forces_insurgency" title="Allied Democratic Forces insurgency">Allied Democratic Forces insurgency</a> (1996–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasese_clashes" title="Kasese clashes">Kasese clashes</a> (2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rwandan_Civil_War" title="Rwandan Civil War">Rwandan Civil War</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rwandan_genocide" title="Rwandan genocide">genocide</a> (1990–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djiboutian_Civil_War" title="Djiboutian Civil War">Djiboutian Civil War</a> (1991–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanish_Islands_conflict" title="Hanish Islands conflict">Hanish Islands conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_invasion_of_Anjouan" title="2008 invasion of Anjouan">2008 invasion of Anjouan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djiboutian%E2%80%93Eritrean_border_conflict" title="Djiboutian–Eritrean border conflict">Djiboutian–Eritrean border conflict</a></li> <li>Burundian conflicts <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burundian_Civil_War" title="Burundian Civil War">1993–2005 Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burundian_unrest_(2015%E2%80%932018)" title="Burundian unrest (2015–2018)">2015–2018 unrest</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Africa" title="Southern Africa">Southern Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Mozambique</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mozambican_Civil_War" title="Mozambican Civil War">Mozambican Civil War</a> (1977–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RENAMO_insurgency_(2013%E2%80%932021)" title="RENAMO insurgency (2013–2021)">RENAMO insurgency (2013–2021)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Cabo_Delgado" title="Insurgency in Cabo Delgado">Insurgency in Cabo Delgado</a> (2017–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1994_Bophuthatswana_crisis" title="1994 Bophuthatswana crisis">Bophuthatswana crisis</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caprivi_conflict" title="Caprivi conflict">Caprivi conflict</a> (1994–1999)</li> <li>Lesothan conflicts <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_African_Development_Community_intervention_in_Lesotho" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern African Development Community intervention in Lesotho">SADC intervention in Lesotho</a> (1998–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Lesotho_political_crisis" title="2014 Lesotho political crisis">2014 Lesotho political crisis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_on_terror" title="War on terror">War on terror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Spring" title="Arab Spring">Arab Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Winter" title="Arab Winter">Arab Winter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colour_revolution" title="Colour revolution">Colour revolutions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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