CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" class="wf-loading"> <head prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns# fb: https://ogp.me/ns/fb# academia: https://ogp.me/ns/fb/academia#"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <title>Medical and Health Sciences Research Papers - Academia.edu</title>  <link href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-production.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script> window.performance && window.performance.measure && window.performance.measure("Time To First Byte", "requestStart", "responseStart"); </script> <script> (function() { if (!window.URLSearchParams || !window.history || !window.history.replaceState) { return; } var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search); var paramsToDelete = [ 'fs', 'sm', 'swp', 'iid', 'nbs', 'rcc', // related content category 'rcpos', // related content carousel position 'rcpg', // related carousel page 'rchid', // related content hit id 'f_ri', // research interest id, for SEO tracking 'f_fri', // featured research interest, for SEO tracking (param key without value) 'f_rid', // from research interest directory for SEO tracking 'f_loswp', // from research interest pills on LOSWP sidebar for SEO tracking 'rhid', // referrring hit id ]; if (paramsToDelete.every((key) => searchParams.get(key) === null)) { return; } paramsToDelete.forEach((key) => { searchParams.delete(key); }); var cleanUrl = new URL(window.location.href); cleanUrl.search = searchParams.toString(); history.replaceState({}, document.title, cleanUrl); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "by_tag", 'action': "show_one", 'controller_action': 'by_tag#show_one', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.sendUserTiming = function(timingName) { if (!(window.performance && window.performance.measure)) return; var entries = window.performance.getEntriesByName(timingName, "measure"); if (entries.length !== 1) return; var timingValue = Math.round(entries[0].duration); gtag('event', 'timing_complete', { name: timingName, value: timingValue, event_category: 'User-centric', }); }; window.sendUserTiming("Time To First Byte"); </script> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="ExyvmIpIUxjtHALC3Sp4juNNXkfu9pU52A0HkNSbEtLzAUBy42Ycwe2OTQAshkukag_V1DTHAyYh8B3f4vkWGg" /> <link href="/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?after=50%2C72563630" rel="next" /><link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-2b6f90dbd75f5941bc38f4ad716615f3ac449e7398313bb3bc225fba451cd9fa.css" /> <meta name="description" content="View Medical and Health Sciences Research Papers on Academia.edu for free." /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs" /> <script> var $controller_name = 'by_tag'; var $action_name = "show_one"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = 'b092bf3a3df71cf13feee7c143e83a57eb6b94fb'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.Aedu = { hit_data: null }; window.Aedu.SiteStats = {"premium_universities_count":14016,"monthly_visitors":"99 million","monthly_visitor_count":99567017,"monthly_visitor_count_in_millions":99,"user_count":283029671,"paper_count":55203019,"paper_count_in_millions":55,"page_count":432000000,"page_count_in_millions":432,"pdf_count":16500000,"pdf_count_in_millions":16}; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1739833740000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1739833740000; window.Aedu.isUsingCssV1 = false; window.Aedu.enableLocalization = true; window.Aedu.activateFullstory = false; window.Aedu.serviceAvailability = { status: {"attention_db":"on","bibliography_db":"on","contacts_db":"on","email_db":"on","indexability_db":"on","mentions_db":"on","news_db":"on","notifications_db":"on","offsite_mentions_db":"on","redshift":"on","redshift_exports_db":"on","related_works_db":"on","ring_db":"on","user_tests_db":"on"}, serviceEnabled: function(service) { return this.status[service] === "on"; }, readEnabled: function(service) { return this.serviceEnabled(service) || this.status[service] === "read_only"; }, }; window.Aedu.viewApmTrace = function() { // Check if x-apm-trace-id meta tag is set, and open the trace in APM // in a new window if it is. var apmTraceId = document.head.querySelector('meta[name="x-apm-trace-id"]'); if (apmTraceId) { var traceId = apmTraceId.content; // Use trace ID to construct URL, an example URL looks like: // https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%31298410148923562634 var apmUrl = 'https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%3A' + traceId; window.open(apmUrl, '_blank'); } }; </script>  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="preload" href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" as="style" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/libraries-a9675dcb01ec4ef6aa807ba772c7a5a00c1820d3ff661c1038a20f80d06bb4e4.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-40698df34f913bd208bb70f09d2feb7c6286046250be17a4db35bba2c08b0e2f.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system_legacy-056a9113b9a0f5343d013b29ee1929d5a18be35fdcdceb616600b4db8bd20054.css" /> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/runtime-bundle-005434038af4252ca37c527588411a3d6a0eabb5f727fac83f8bbe7fd88d93bb.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/webpack_libraries_and_infrequently_changed.wjs-bundle-a22f75d8519394c21253dae46c8c5d60ad36ea68c7d494347ec64229d8c1cf85.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/core_webpack.wjs-bundle-5708a105dd66b4c7d0ef30b7c094b1048423f0042bd2a7b123f2d99ee3cf46d9.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/sentry.wjs-bundle-5fe03fddca915c8ba0f7edbe64c194308e8ce5abaed7bffe1255ff37549c4808.js"></script> <script> jade = window.jade || {}; jade.helpers = window.$h; jade._ = window._; </script>  <script id="tag-manager-head-root">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer_old','GTM-5G9JF7Z');</script>  <script> window.gptadslots = []; window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // TODO(jacob): This should be defined, may be rare load order problem. // Checking if null is just a quick fix, will default to en if unset. // Better fix is to run this immedietely after I18n is set. if (window.I18n != null) { I18n.defaultLocale = "en"; I18n.locale = "en"; I18n.fallbacks = true; } </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences" /> </head>   <body class='c-by_tag a-show_one logged_out u-bgColorWhite'>  <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script><script>window.fbAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function if (window.FB) { return; } (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); } if (!window.defer_facebook) { // Autoload if not deferred window.fbAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.fbAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script><script>window.googleAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function (function(d) { var js; var id = 'google-jssdk'; var ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.onload = loadGoogle; js.src = "https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client" ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); } if (!window.defer_google) { // Autoload if not deferred window.googleAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.googleAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="tag-manager-body-root">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5G9JF7Z" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <script> window.addEventListener('load', function() { if (document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]')) { document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]').addEventListener('click', function() { gtag('event', 'click', { event_category: 'button', event_label: 'Log In' }) }) } }); </script> </div> <script>var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "26766707" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })();</script><img src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=26766707&cv=2.0&cj=1" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden" /> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class='DesignSystem'> <a class='u-showOnFocus' href='#site'> Skip to main content </a> </div> <div id="upgrade_ie_banner" style="display: none;"><p>Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p>To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to <a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.getElementById('upgrade_ie_banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="DesignSystem bootstrap ShrinkableNav no-sm no-md"><div class="navbar navbar-default main-header"><div class="container-wrapper" id="main-header-container"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-header"><div class="nav-left-wrapper u-mt0x"><div class="nav-logo"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="visible-xs-inline-block" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hidden-xs" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a></div><div class="nav-search"><div class="SiteSearch-wrapper select2-no-default-pills"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form DesignSystem" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><i class="SiteSearch-icon fa fa-search u-fw700 u-positionAbsolute u-tcGrayDark"></i><input class="js-SiteSearch-form-input SiteSearch-form-input form-control" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" value="" /></form></div></div></div><div class="nav-right-wrapper pull-right"><ul class="NavLinks js-main-nav list-unstyled"><li class="NavLinks-link"><a class="js-header-login-url Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" id="nav_log_in" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="NavLinks-link u-p0x"><a class="Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li></ul><button class="hidden-lg hidden-md hidden-sm u-ml4x navbar-toggle collapsed" data-target=".js-mobile-header-links" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button></div></div><div class="collapse navbar-collapse js-mobile-header-links"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"><a href="#">more&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li><li><ul class="js-mobile-nav-expand-section nav navbar-nav u-m0x collapse"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><i class="fa fa-briefcase"></i> We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> Help Center</a></li><li class="js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 dropup" style="display:none"><a href="#">less&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><script>(function(){ var $moreLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"); var $lessLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger"); var $section = $('.js-mobile-nav-expand-section'); $moreLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.hide(); $lessLink.show(); $section.collapse('show'); }); $lessLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.show(); $lessLink.hide(); $section.collapse('hide'); }); })() if ($a.is_logged_in() || false) { new Aedu.NavigationController({ el: '.js-main-nav', showHighlightedNotification: false }); } else { $(".js-header-login-url").attr("href", $a.loginUrlWithRedirect()); } Aedu.autocompleteSearch = new AutocompleteSearch({el: '.js-SiteSearch-form'});</script></div></div> <div id='site' class='fixed'> <div id="content" class="clearfix"> <script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){ var $dismissible = $(".dismissible_banner"); $dismissible.click(function(ev) { $dismissible.hide(); }); });</script> <div class="DesignSystem" style="margin-top:-40px"><div class="PageHeader"><div class="container"><div class="row"><style type="text/css">.sor-abstract { display: -webkit-box; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Medical and Health Sciences</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">29,920 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Medical and Health Sciences</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Medical_and_Health_Sciences">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_52200872" data-work_id="52200872" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/52200872/Natural_phototaxis_and_its_relationship_to_colour_vision_in_honeybees">Natural phototaxis and its relationship to colour vision in honeybees</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">1. Honeybees are positively phototactic when they leave a feeding place and start to fly back to the hive. The strength of this natural phototactic response in individually marked bees was measured without interfering with their foraging... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_52200872" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">1. Honeybees are positively phototactic when they leave a feeding place and start to fly back to the hive. The strength of this natural phototactic response in individually marked bees was measured without interfering with their foraging behaviour. 2. Absolute sensitivity of this phototactic response to a point light source is in the range of 8.3 ▪ 10 7 quanta s-1 for 537 nm. This corresponds to about 5 absorbed quanta in 28 green receptors over the integration time of 60 ms. 3. We conclude that the properties of the mono-polar cells or higher order visual interneurons rather than those of the photoreceptors control the intensity dependence of the response because the slopes (n) of the response intensity functions (R / log I) are steep (n: 1.0-2.65) and wavelength dependent. Blue light (439 nm) causes the steepest function. 4. The effect of residual light adaptation on the R / log I-function and the spectral sensitivity (S(λ)) is negligible under the experimental conditions chosen, since the time course of dark adaptation is fast (τ ≤ 1 min). 5. The blue and green receptors contribute about equally to the S(λ) of this natural phototactic response, the UV receptors somewhat less (Fig. 5). 6. Colour mixing experiments, used to test colour vision in phototaxis, reveal no significant deviation from a simple linear summation of the quantal fluxes, irrespective of the spectral mixture used. We conclude, therefore, that under the experimental conditions colour vision is very unlikely to play a role in the phototactic behaviour of the honeybee. 7. All our results (steep R/log I-functions, fast dark adaptation, S(λ) and the absence of colour vision) support to notion that the natural phototactic response is controlled by neuronal pooling, most likely in the lamina M1 monopolar cells.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/52200872" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5f84201af92e3d7dcd229d6a31bf1ce9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":69575735,"asset_id":52200872,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69575735/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzczOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38599636" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RandolfMenzel">Randolf Menzel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38599636" type="text/json">{"id":38599636,"first_name":"Randolf","last_name":"Menzel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RandolfMenzel","display_name":"Randolf Menzel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RandolfMenzel?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_52200872 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="52200872"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 52200872, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_52200872", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_52200872 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 52200872; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_52200872"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_52200872 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="52200872"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 52200872; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=52200872]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_52200872").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_52200872").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="52200872"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2493" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colour_Vision">Colour Vision</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2493" type="text/json">{"id":2493,"name":"Colour Vision","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colour_Vision?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29204" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Physiology">Comparative Physiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="29204" type="text/json">{"id":29204,"name":"Comparative Physiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Physiology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="122397" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blue_Light">Blue Light</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="122397" type="text/json">{"id":122397,"name":"Blue Light","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blue_Light?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=52200872]'), work: {"id":52200872,"title":"Natural phototaxis and its relationship to colour vision in honeybees","created_at":"2021-09-13T12:06:23.536-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/52200872/Natural_phototaxis_and_its_relationship_to_colour_vision_in_honeybees?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_52200872","summary":"1. Honeybees are positively phototactic when they leave a feeding place and start to fly back to the hive. The strength of this natural phototactic response in individually marked bees was measured without interfering with their foraging behaviour. 2. Absolute sensitivity of this phototactic response to a point light source is in the range of 8.3 ▪ 10 7 quanta s-1 for 537 nm. This corresponds to about 5 absorbed quanta in 28 green receptors over the integration time of 60 ms. 3. We conclude that the properties of the mono-polar cells or higher order visual interneurons rather than those of the photoreceptors control the intensity dependence of the response because the slopes (n) of the response intensity functions (R / log I) are steep (n: 1.0-2.65) and wavelength dependent. Blue light (439 nm) causes the steepest function. 4. The effect of residual light adaptation on the R / log I-function and the spectral sensitivity (S(λ)) is negligible under the experimental conditions chosen, since the time course of dark adaptation is fast (τ ≤ 1 min). 5. The blue and green receptors contribute about equally to the S(λ) of this natural phototactic response, the UV receptors somewhat less (Fig. 5). 6. Colour mixing experiments, used to test colour vision in phototaxis, reveal no significant deviation from a simple linear summation of the quantal fluxes, irrespective of the spectral mixture used. We conclude, therefore, that under the experimental conditions colour vision is very unlikely to play a role in the phototactic behaviour of the honeybee. 7. All our results (steep R/log I-functions, fast dark adaptation, S(λ) and the absence of colour vision) support to notion that the natural phototactic response is controlled by neuronal pooling, most likely in the lamina M1 monopolar cells.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69575735,"asset_id":52200872,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38599636,"first_name":"Randolf","last_name":"Menzel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RandolfMenzel","display_name":"Randolf Menzel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RandolfMenzel?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2493,"name":"Colour Vision","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colour_Vision?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":29204,"name":"Comparative Physiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Physiology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":122397,"name":"Blue Light","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blue_Light?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":186665,"name":"Foraging behaviour","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foraging_behaviour?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1148426,"name":"Honeybee","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Honeybee?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1209499,"name":"Spectral Sensitivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectral_Sensitivity?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1315979,"name":"Time Course","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Course?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2163663,"name":"Light adaptation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Light_adaptation?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2948559,"name":"Higher order","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_order?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_81266559" data-work_id="81266559" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81266559/Treatment_of_Hyaluronic_Acid_Filler_Induced_Impending_Necrosis_With_Hyaluronidase_Consensus_Recommendations">Treatment of Hyaluronic Acid Filler-Induced Impending Necrosis With Hyaluronidase: Consensus Recommendations</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Injection-induced necrosis is a rare but dreaded consequence of soft tissue augmentation with filler agents. It usually occurs as a result of injection of filler directly into an artery, but can also result from compression or injury. We... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_81266559" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Injection-induced necrosis is a rare but dreaded consequence of soft tissue augmentation with filler agents. It usually occurs as a result of injection of filler directly into an artery, but can also result from compression or injury. We provide recommendations on the use of hyaluronidase when vascular compromise is suspected. Consensus recommendations were developed by thorough discussion and debate amongst the authors at a roundtable meeting on Wednesday June 18, 2014 in Las Vegas, NV as well as significant ongoing written and verbal communications amongst the authors in the months prior to journal submission. All authors are experienced tertiary care providers. A prompt diagnosis and immediate treatment with high doses of hyaluronidase (at least 200 U) are critically important. It is not felt necessary to do a skin test in cases of impending necrosis. Some experts recommend dilution with saline to increase dispersion or lidocaine to aid vasodilation. Additional hyaluronidase shou...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/81266559" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="de4ed6858d6831dafb2c6ad14e21c41b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":87370910,"asset_id":81266559,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87370910/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzczOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="125465755" href="https://vanderbilthealth.academia.edu/BrianBiesman">Brian Biesman</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="125465755" type="text/json">{"id":125465755,"first_name":"Brian","last_name":"Biesman","domain_name":"vanderbilthealth","page_name":"BrianBiesman","display_name":"Brian Biesman","profile_url":"https://vanderbilthealth.academia.edu/BrianBiesman?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_81266559 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="81266559"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81266559, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_81266559", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_81266559 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81266559; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_81266559"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_81266559 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="81266559"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81266559; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81266559]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_81266559").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_81266559").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="81266559"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="55944" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Massage">Massage</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="55944" type="text/json">{"id":55944,"name":"Massage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Massage?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="195985" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aspirin">Aspirin</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="195985" type="text/json">{"id":195985,"name":"Aspirin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aspirin?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="213076" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aesthetic_Surgery">Aesthetic Surgery</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="213076" type="text/json">{"id":213076,"name":"Aesthetic Surgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aesthetic_Surgery?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=81266559]'), work: {"id":81266559,"title":"Treatment of Hyaluronic Acid Filler-Induced Impending Necrosis With Hyaluronidase: Consensus Recommendations","created_at":"2022-06-11T19:43:04.206-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/81266559/Treatment_of_Hyaluronic_Acid_Filler_Induced_Impending_Necrosis_With_Hyaluronidase_Consensus_Recommendations?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_81266559","summary":"Injection-induced necrosis is a rare but dreaded consequence of soft tissue augmentation with filler agents. It usually occurs as a result of injection of filler directly into an artery, but can also result from compression or injury. We provide recommendations on the use of hyaluronidase when vascular compromise is suspected. Consensus recommendations were developed by thorough discussion and debate amongst the authors at a roundtable meeting on Wednesday June 18, 2014 in Las Vegas, NV as well as significant ongoing written and verbal communications amongst the authors in the months prior to journal submission. All authors are experienced tertiary care providers. A prompt diagnosis and immediate treatment with high doses of hyaluronidase (at least 200 U) are critically important. It is not felt necessary to do a skin test in cases of impending necrosis. Some experts recommend dilution with saline to increase dispersion or lidocaine to aid vasodilation. Additional hyaluronidase shou...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":87370910,"asset_id":81266559,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":125465755,"first_name":"Brian","last_name":"Biesman","domain_name":"vanderbilthealth","page_name":"BrianBiesman","display_name":"Brian Biesman","profile_url":"https://vanderbilthealth.academia.edu/BrianBiesman?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":55944,"name":"Massage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Massage?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":195985,"name":"Aspirin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aspirin?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":213076,"name":"Aesthetic Surgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aesthetic_Surgery?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":300179,"name":"Hyaluronic Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hyaluronic_Acid?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":399953,"name":"Hyaluronidase","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hyaluronidase?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":448603,"name":"Necrosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Necrosis?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1941399,"name":"Nitroglycerin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitroglycerin?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2744705,"name":"Dermal Fillers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dermal_Fillers?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3696980,"name":"Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Platelet_Aggregation_Inhibitors?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_56288933" data-work_id="56288933" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/56288933/Age_Related_Decline_in_Circadian_Output">Age-Related Decline in Circadian Output</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Disruptions in sleep/wake cycles, including decreased amplitude of rhythmic behaviors and fragmentation of the sleep episodes, are commonly associated with aging in humans and other mammals. While there are undoubtedly many factors... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_56288933" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Disruptions in sleep/wake cycles, including decreased amplitude of rhythmic behaviors and fragmentation of the sleep episodes, are commonly associated with aging in humans and other mammals. While there are undoubtedly many factors contributing to these changes, a body of literature is emerging, suggesting that an age-related decline in the central circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) may be a key element responsible. To explore age-related changes in the SCN, we have performed in vivo multiunit neural activity (MUA) recordings from the SCN of freely moving young (3-5 months) and middle-aged (13-18 months) mice. Importantly, the amplitude of day-night difference in MUA was significantly reduced in the older mice. We also found that the neural activity rhythms are clearly degraded in the subparaventricular zone, one of the main neural outputs of the SCN. Surprisingly, parallel studies indicate that the molecular clockwork in the SCN as measured by PER2 exhibited only minor deficits at this same age. Thus, the circadian output measured at the level of neural activity rhythms in the SCN is degraded by aging, and this decline occurs before the disruption of key components of the molecular clockwork.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/56288933" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cfe66505f719bfe6328d539157282668" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":71748294,"asset_id":56288933,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/71748294/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzczOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34928886" href="https://utsouthwestern.academia.edu/ShinYamazaki">Shin Yamazaki</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34928886" type="text/json">{"id":34928886,"first_name":"Shin","last_name":"Yamazaki","domain_name":"utsouthwestern","page_name":"ShinYamazaki","display_name":"Shin Yamazaki","profile_url":"https://utsouthwestern.academia.edu/ShinYamazaki?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34928886/15254181/15922983/s65_shin.yamazaki.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_56288933 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="56288933"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 56288933, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_56288933", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_56288933 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 56288933; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_56288933"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_56288933 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="56288933"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 56288933; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=56288933]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_56288933").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_56288933").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="56288933"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="161" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuroscience">Neuroscience</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="161" type="text/json">{"id":161,"name":"Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuroscience?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2007" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrophysiology">Electrophysiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2007" type="text/json">{"id":2007,"name":"Electrophysiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrophysiology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6791" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aging">Aging</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6791" type="text/json">{"id":6791,"name":"Aging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aging?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="84760" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice">Mice</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="84760" type="text/json">{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=56288933]'), work: {"id":56288933,"title":"Age-Related Decline in Circadian Output","created_at":"2021-10-07T05:49:32.884-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/56288933/Age_Related_Decline_in_Circadian_Output?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_56288933","summary":"Disruptions in sleep/wake cycles, including decreased amplitude of rhythmic behaviors and fragmentation of the sleep episodes, are commonly associated with aging in humans and other mammals. While there are undoubtedly many factors contributing to these changes, a body of literature is emerging, suggesting that an age-related decline in the central circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) may be a key element responsible. To explore age-related changes in the SCN, we have performed in vivo multiunit neural activity (MUA) recordings from the SCN of freely moving young (3-5 months) and middle-aged (13-18 months) mice. Importantly, the amplitude of day-night difference in MUA was significantly reduced in the older mice. We also found that the neural activity rhythms are clearly degraded in the subparaventricular zone, one of the main neural outputs of the SCN. Surprisingly, parallel studies indicate that the molecular clockwork in the SCN as measured by PER2 exhibited only minor deficits at this same age. Thus, the circadian output measured at the level of neural activity rhythms in the SCN is degraded by aging, and this decline occurs before the disruption of key components of the molecular clockwork.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":71748294,"asset_id":56288933,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34928886,"first_name":"Shin","last_name":"Yamazaki","domain_name":"utsouthwestern","page_name":"ShinYamazaki","display_name":"Shin Yamazaki","profile_url":"https://utsouthwestern.academia.edu/ShinYamazaki?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34928886/15254181/15922983/s65_shin.yamazaki.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":161,"name":"Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuroscience?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":2007,"name":"Electrophysiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrophysiology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":6791,"name":"Aging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aging?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":89121,"name":"Circadian Rhythm","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Circadian_Rhythm?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":161176,"name":"The","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":842314,"name":"Biological clocks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_clocks?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1035364,"name":"Suprachiasmatic Nucleus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Suprachiasmatic_Nucleus?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2246318,"name":"Motor activity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Motor_activity?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_60957910 coauthored" data-work_id="60957910" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60957910/Leadership_and_Use_of_Standards_by_Australian_Disaster_Medical_Assistance_Teams_Results_of_a_National_Survey_of_Team_Members">Leadership and Use of Standards by Australian Disaster Medical Assistance Teams: Results of a National Survey of Team Members</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">IntroductionIt is likely that calls for disaster medical assistance teams (DMATs) will continue in response to international disasters. OBJECTIVE: As part of a national survey, the present study was designed to evaluate leadership issues... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_60957910" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">IntroductionIt is likely that calls for disaster medical assistance teams (DMATs) will continue in response to international disasters. OBJECTIVE: As part of a national survey, the present study was designed to evaluate leadership issues and use of standards in Australian DMATs. METHODS: Data was collected via an anonymous mailed survey distributed via State and Territory representatives on the Australian Health Protection Committee, who identified team members associated with Australian DMAT deployments from the 2004 Asian Tsunami disaster. RESULTS: The response rate for this survey was estimated to be approximately 50% (59/118). Most of the personnel had deployed to the Asian Tsunami affected areas. The DMAT members were quite experienced, with 53% (31/59) of personnel in the 45-55 years of age group. Seventy-five percent (44/59) of the respondents were male. Fifty-eight percent (34/59) of the survey participants had significant experience in international disasters, although few ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/60957910" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42837777" href="https://uwa.academia.edu/ARobertson">A. Robertson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42837777" type="text/json">{"id":42837777,"first_name":"A.","last_name":"Robertson","domain_name":"uwa","page_name":"ARobertson","display_name":"A. Robertson","profile_url":"https://uwa.academia.edu/ARobertson?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-60957910">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-60957910"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/HarleyHazel">Hazel Harley</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-60957910'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-60957910').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_60957910 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="60957910"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 60957910, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_60957910", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_60957910 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60957910; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_60957910"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_60957910 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60957910"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60957910; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60957910]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_60957910").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_60957910").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="60957910"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2969" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leadership">Leadership</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2969" type="text/json">{"id":2969,"name":"Leadership","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leadership?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6697" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australia">Australia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6697" type="text/json">{"id":6697,"name":"Australia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australia?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="55155" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emergency_Medical_Services">Emergency Medical Services</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="55155" type="text/json">{"id":55155,"name":"Emergency Medical Services","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emergency_Medical_Services?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="63883" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disasters">Disasters</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="63883" type="text/json">{"id":63883,"name":"Disasters","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disasters?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=60957910]'), work: {"id":60957910,"title":"Leadership and Use of Standards by Australian Disaster Medical Assistance Teams: Results of a National Survey of Team Members","created_at":"2021-11-03T16:04:59.598-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/60957910/Leadership_and_Use_of_Standards_by_Australian_Disaster_Medical_Assistance_Teams_Results_of_a_National_Survey_of_Team_Members?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_60957910","summary":"IntroductionIt is likely that calls for disaster medical assistance teams (DMATs) will continue in response to international disasters. OBJECTIVE: As part of a national survey, the present study was designed to evaluate leadership issues and use of standards in Australian DMATs. METHODS: Data was collected via an anonymous mailed survey distributed via State and Territory representatives on the Australian Health Protection Committee, who identified team members associated with Australian DMAT deployments from the 2004 Asian Tsunami disaster. RESULTS: The response rate for this survey was estimated to be approximately 50% (59/118). Most of the personnel had deployed to the Asian Tsunami affected areas. The DMAT members were quite experienced, with 53% (31/59) of personnel in the 45-55 years of age group. Seventy-five percent (44/59) of the respondents were male. Fifty-eight percent (34/59) of the survey participants had significant experience in international disasters, although few ...","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42837777,"first_name":"A.","last_name":"Robertson","domain_name":"uwa","page_name":"ARobertson","display_name":"A. Robertson","profile_url":"https://uwa.academia.edu/ARobertson?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":44995645,"first_name":"Hazel","last_name":"Harley","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HarleyHazel","display_name":"Hazel Harley","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HarleyHazel?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2969,"name":"Leadership","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leadership?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":6697,"name":"Australia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australia?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":55155,"name":"Emergency Medical Services","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emergency_Medical_Services?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":63883,"name":"Disasters","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disasters?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":104215,"name":"Disaster","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disaster?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":299902,"name":"Standard","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Standard?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1034181,"name":"Cross Sectional Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_Sectional_Studies?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_76035589" data-work_id="76035589" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/76035589/Self_care_practices_of_Malaysian_adults_with_diabetes_and_sub_optimal_glycaemic_control">Self-care practices of Malaysian adults with diabetes and sub-optimal glycaemic control</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Objective: To investigate the self-care practices of Malaysian adults with diabetes and sub-optimal glycaemic control. Methods: Using a one-to-one interviewing approach, data were collected from 126 diabetic adults from four settings. A... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_76035589" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Objective: To investigate the self-care practices of Malaysian adults with diabetes and sub-optimal glycaemic control. Methods: Using a one-to-one interviewing approach, data were collected from 126 diabetic adults from four settings. A 75-item questionnaire was used to assess diabetes-related knowledge and self-care practices regarding, diet, medication, physical activity and self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). Results: Most subjects had received advice on the importance of self-care in the management of their diabetes and recognised its importance. Sixty-seven subjects (53%) scored below 50% in their diabetes-related knowledge. Subjects who consumed more meals per day (80%), or who did not include their regular sweetened food intakes in their daily meal plan (80%), or who were inactive in daily life (54%), had higher mean fasting blood glucose levels ( p = 0.04). Subjects with medication non-adherence (46%) also tended to have higher fasting blood glucose levels. Only 15% of the subjects practiced SMBG. Predictors of knowledge deficit and poor self-care were low level of education ( p = <0.01), older subjects ( p = 0.04) and Type 2 diabetes subjects on oral anti-hyperglycaemic medication ( p = <0.01). Conclusion: There were diabetes-related knowledge deficits and inadequate self-care practices among the majority of diabetic patients with suboptimal glycaemic control. Practice implications: This study should contribute to the development of effective education strategies to promote health for adults with suboptimal diabetes control.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/76035589" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="97755cef40fbd20276142a1924fe3c94" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83719200,"asset_id":76035589,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83719200/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzczOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="45739630" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MingYeongTan">Ming Yeong Tan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="45739630" type="text/json">{"id":45739630,"first_name":"Ming Yeong","last_name":"Tan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MingYeongTan","display_name":"Ming Yeong Tan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MingYeongTan?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_76035589 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="76035589"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 76035589, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_76035589", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_76035589 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 76035589; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_76035589"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_76035589 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="76035589"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 76035589; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=76035589]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_76035589").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_76035589").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="76035589"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1048" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Behavior">Health Behavior</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1048" type="text/json">{"id":1048,"name":"Health Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Behavior?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6818" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malaysia">Malaysia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6818" type="text/json">{"id":6818,"name":"Malaysia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malaysia?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7471" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_Style">Life Style</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7471" type="text/json">{"id":7471,"name":"Life Style","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_Style?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9112" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_Activity">Physical Activity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9112" type="text/json">{"id":9112,"name":"Physical Activity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_Activity?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=76035589]'), work: {"id":76035589,"title":"Self-care practices of Malaysian adults with diabetes and sub-optimal glycaemic control","created_at":"2022-04-10T14:52:59.991-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/76035589/Self_care_practices_of_Malaysian_adults_with_diabetes_and_sub_optimal_glycaemic_control?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_76035589","summary":"Objective: To investigate the self-care practices of Malaysian adults with diabetes and sub-optimal glycaemic control. Methods: Using a one-to-one interviewing approach, data were collected from 126 diabetic adults from four settings. A 75-item questionnaire was used to assess diabetes-related knowledge and self-care practices regarding, diet, medication, physical activity and self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). Results: Most subjects had received advice on the importance of self-care in the management of their diabetes and recognised its importance. Sixty-seven subjects (53%) scored below 50% in their diabetes-related knowledge. Subjects who consumed more meals per day (80%), or who did not include their regular sweetened food intakes in their daily meal plan (80%), or who were inactive in daily life (54%), had higher mean fasting blood glucose levels ( p = 0.04). Subjects with medication non-adherence (46%) also tended to have higher fasting blood glucose levels. Only 15% of the subjects practiced SMBG. Predictors of knowledge deficit and poor self-care were low level of education ( p = \u003c0.01), older subjects ( p = 0.04) and Type 2 diabetes subjects on oral anti-hyperglycaemic medication ( p = \u003c0.01). Conclusion: There were diabetes-related knowledge deficits and inadequate self-care practices among the majority of diabetic patients with suboptimal glycaemic control. Practice implications: This study should contribute to the development of effective education strategies to promote health for adults with suboptimal diabetes control.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83719200,"asset_id":76035589,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":45739630,"first_name":"Ming Yeong","last_name":"Tan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MingYeongTan","display_name":"Ming Yeong Tan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MingYeongTan?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1048,"name":"Health Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Behavior?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":6818,"name":"Malaysia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malaysia?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":7471,"name":"Life Style","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_Style?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":9112,"name":"Physical Activity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_Activity?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":9590,"name":"Self Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_Care?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":71300,"name":"Blood Glucose","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blood_Glucose?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":135005,"name":"Patient Compliance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patient_Compliance?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":135185,"name":"Exercise","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exercise?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":546421,"name":"Educational Status","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Status?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1567539,"name":"Energy Intake","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Intake?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2423707,"name":"Diabetic Diet","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diabetic_Diet?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_60230145" data-work_id="60230145" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/60230145/Management_of_kinked_extracranial_cerebral_arteries">Management of kinked extracranial cerebral arteries</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Kinked extracranial carotid and vertebral arteries are observed in 10% to 16% of cerebral angiograms. The hemodynamic significance of some kinked carotid arteries has been shown by investigators who documented oculoplethysmographic and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_60230145" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Kinked extracranial carotid and vertebral arteries are observed in 10% to 16% of cerebral angiograms. The hemodynamic significance of some kinked carotid arteries has been shown by investigators who documented oculoplethysmographic and angiographic differences accompanying flexion, extension, or rotation changes of the neck and head. In the 3-year period ending November 1985, we performed operations on seven patients to correct six kinked internal carotid arteries and one kinked vertebral artery at the C-2 level. The final decision regarding optimal operative technique was determined during operation, after observing the relative lengths of dissected arteries, envisioning the results of the procedures selected. We performed five segmental resections and end-to-end anastomoses (one vertebral, two common carotid, and two internal carotid arteries). Transection of the internal carotid artery with reirnplantation into the side of the common carotid artery was performed twice. All patients became asymptomatic up to 4 years, irrespective of head and neck positions. There were no complications or deaths in these patients. This experience suggests that arterial kinks may constitute tenable indications for operative treatment in patients with transient cerebral ischemia who lack typical stenotic or ulcerative plaques to account for their symptoms. Kinked arteries can be corrected safely and effectively by appropriate surgical procedures.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/60230145" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d9a967a861df4c24af3ffeeab746af2f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73767238,"asset_id":60230145,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73767238/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzczOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="91499436" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PoindexterJames">James Poindexter</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="91499436" type="text/json">{"id":91499436,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Poindexter","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PoindexterJames","display_name":"James Poindexter","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PoindexterJames?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/91499436/27288880/25670287/s65_james.poindexter.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_60230145 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="60230145"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 60230145, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_60230145", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_60230145 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60230145; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_60230145"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_60230145 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60230145"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60230145; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60230145]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_60230145").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_60230145").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="60230145"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25398" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vascular_Surgery">Vascular Surgery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25398" type="text/json">{"id":25398,"name":"Vascular Surgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vascular_Surgery?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="54344" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Methods">Methods</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="54344" type="text/json">{"id":54344,"name":"Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Methods?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="289271" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged">Aged</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="289271" type="text/json">{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1591336" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vertebral_artery">Vertebral artery</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1591336" type="text/json">{"id":1591336,"name":"Vertebral artery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vertebral_artery?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=60230145]'), work: {"id":60230145,"title":"Management of kinked extracranial cerebral arteries","created_at":"2021-10-28T12:29:49.068-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/60230145/Management_of_kinked_extracranial_cerebral_arteries?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_60230145","summary":"Kinked extracranial carotid and vertebral arteries are observed in 10% to 16% of cerebral angiograms. The hemodynamic significance of some kinked carotid arteries has been shown by investigators who documented oculoplethysmographic and angiographic differences accompanying flexion, extension, or rotation changes of the neck and head. In the 3-year period ending November 1985, we performed operations on seven patients to correct six kinked internal carotid arteries and one kinked vertebral artery at the C-2 level. The final decision regarding optimal operative technique was determined during operation, after observing the relative lengths of dissected arteries, envisioning the results of the procedures selected. We performed five segmental resections and end-to-end anastomoses (one vertebral, two common carotid, and two internal carotid arteries). Transection of the internal carotid artery with reirnplantation into the side of the common carotid artery was performed twice. All patients became asymptomatic up to 4 years, irrespective of head and neck positions. There were no complications or deaths in these patients. This experience suggests that arterial kinks may constitute tenable indications for operative treatment in patients with transient cerebral ischemia who lack typical stenotic or ulcerative plaques to account for their symptoms. Kinked arteries can be corrected safely and effectively by appropriate surgical procedures.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73767238,"asset_id":60230145,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":91499436,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Poindexter","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PoindexterJames","display_name":"James Poindexter","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PoindexterJames?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/91499436/27288880/25670287/s65_james.poindexter.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":25398,"name":"Vascular Surgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vascular_Surgery?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":54344,"name":"Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Methods?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":1591336,"name":"Vertebral artery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vertebral_artery?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_58007549" data-work_id="58007549" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/58007549/Australian_spiny_mountain_crayfish_and_their_temnocephalan_ectosymbionts_an_ancient_association_on_the_edge_of_coextinction">Australian spiny mountain crayfish and their temnocephalan ectosymbionts: an ancient association on the edge of coextinction?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Australian spiny mountain crayfish (Euastacus, Parastacidae) and their ecotosymbiotic temnocephalan flatworms (Temnocephalida, Platyhelminthes) may have co-occurred and interacted through deep time, during a period of major environmental... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_58007549" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Australian spiny mountain crayfish (Euastacus, Parastacidae) and their ecotosymbiotic temnocephalan flatworms (Temnocephalida, Platyhelminthes) may have co-occurred and interacted through deep time, during a period of major environmental change. Therefore, reconstructing the history of their association is of evolutionary, ecological, and conservation significance. Here, time-calibrated Bayesian phylogenies of Euastacus species and their temnocephalans (Temnohaswellia and Temnosewellia) indicate near-synchronous diversifications from the Cretaceous. Statistically significant cophylogeny correlations between associated clades suggest linked evolutionary histories. However, there is a stronger signal of codivergence and greater host specificity in Temnosewellia, which co-occurs with Euastacus across its range. Phylogeography and analyses of evolutionary distinctiveness (ED) suggest that regional differences in the impact of climate warming and drying had major effects both on crayfish...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/58007549" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fb99d884e54a94e5d80c92c7e02da19b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":72631713,"asset_id":58007549,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/72631713/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzczOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="81741437" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LesterCannon">Lester Cannon</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="81741437" type="text/json">{"id":81741437,"first_name":"Lester","last_name":"Cannon","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LesterCannon","display_name":"Lester Cannon","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LesterCannon?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_58007549 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="58007549"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 58007549, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_58007549", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_58007549 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 58007549; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_58007549"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_58007549 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="58007549"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 58007549; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=58007549]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_58007549").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_58007549").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="58007549"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2467" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation_Biology">Conservation Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2467" type="text/json">{"id":2467,"name":"Conservation Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation_Biology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4206" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogeography">Phylogeography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4206" type="text/json">{"id":4206,"name":"Phylogeography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogeography?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4207" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogenetics">Phylogenetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4207" type="text/json">{"id":4207,"name":"Phylogenetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogenetics?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6697" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australia">Australia</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6697" type="text/json">{"id":6697,"name":"Australia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australia?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=58007549]'), work: {"id":58007549,"title":"Australian spiny mountain crayfish and their temnocephalan ectosymbionts: an ancient association on the edge of coextinction?","created_at":"2021-10-14T23:38:51.450-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/58007549/Australian_spiny_mountain_crayfish_and_their_temnocephalan_ectosymbionts_an_ancient_association_on_the_edge_of_coextinction?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_58007549","summary":"Australian spiny mountain crayfish (Euastacus, Parastacidae) and their ecotosymbiotic temnocephalan flatworms (Temnocephalida, Platyhelminthes) may have co-occurred and interacted through deep time, during a period of major environmental change. Therefore, reconstructing the history of their association is of evolutionary, ecological, and conservation significance. Here, time-calibrated Bayesian phylogenies of Euastacus species and their temnocephalans (Temnohaswellia and Temnosewellia) indicate near-synchronous diversifications from the Cretaceous. Statistically significant cophylogeny correlations between associated clades suggest linked evolutionary histories. However, there is a stronger signal of codivergence and greater host specificity in Temnosewellia, which co-occurs with Euastacus across its range. Phylogeography and analyses of evolutionary distinctiveness (ED) suggest that regional differences in the impact of climate warming and drying had major effects both on crayfish...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":72631713,"asset_id":58007549,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":81741437,"first_name":"Lester","last_name":"Cannon","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LesterCannon","display_name":"Lester Cannon","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LesterCannon?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2467,"name":"Conservation Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation_Biology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":4206,"name":"Phylogeography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogeography?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":4207,"name":"Phylogenetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogenetics?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":6697,"name":"Australia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australia?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":11850,"name":"Crayfish Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crayfish_Ecology?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":48057,"name":"DNA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":54433,"name":"Phylogeny","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogeny?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":191815,"name":"Biological evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_evolution?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":610489,"name":"Temnocephala","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temnocephala?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":611756,"name":"Turbellaria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turbellaria?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":880279,"name":"Bayes Theorem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bayes_Theorem-1?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_69943571" data-work_id="69943571" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/69943571/Gender_Development_in_Children_with_Gay_Lesbian_and_Heterosexual_Parents">Gender Development in Children with Gay, Lesbian, and Heterosexual Parents</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Objective: To examine whether the gender development of 120 Italian children (40 born to gay fathers [GFs] through surrogacy, 40 born to lesbian mothers [LMs] through sperm donation, and 40 born to heterosexual parents [HPs] through... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_69943571" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Objective: To examine whether the gender development of 120 Italian children (40 born to gay fathers [GFs] through surrogacy, 40 born to lesbian mothers [LMs] through sperm donation, and 40 born to heterosexual parents [HPs] through sexual intercourse) aged 3 to 9 years differed as a function of family type and/or child gender. Methods: Children took part in observed free-play sessions while primary caregivers and nonparent caregivers were administered standardized interviews. Hierarchical linear modeling, analysis of covariance, simple effects analysis, and bootstrapping were conducted. Results: Boys and girls of GFs and HPs were reported to show less gender flexibility in their activities and characteristics than boys and girls of LMs. They also received higher scores of gender conforming dress-up play and spent more time playing with genderconforming toys. In all family types, boys and girls were reported to show low levels of gender-nonconforming dress-up play and observed to spend less time playing with gender-nonconforming toys. Overall, comparisons within genders indicated that boys and girls of GFs and HPs were considered more masculine and feminine, respectively, in their behavior and play, relative to boys and girls in LM families. Age was not a significant covariate in any analysis. Conclusion: Our findings do not support the idea that children of gay or lesbian parents show greater gender nonconformity relative to children of HPs. The findings are informative to those concerned with the effects of the absence of a male or female live-in parent on child gender development.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/69943571" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7bce9d75d7ade7af5cceced9bccb8586" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":79849158,"asset_id":69943571,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79849158/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzczOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32354273" href="https://uniroma1.academia.edu/AnnalisaTanzilli">Annalisa Tanzilli</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32354273" type="text/json">{"id":32354273,"first_name":"Annalisa","last_name":"Tanzilli","domain_name":"uniroma1","page_name":"AnnalisaTanzilli","display_name":"Annalisa Tanzilli","profile_url":"https://uniroma1.academia.edu/AnnalisaTanzilli?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_69943571 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="69943571"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 69943571, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_69943571", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_69943571 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 69943571; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_69943571"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_69943571 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="69943571"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 69943571; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=69943571]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_69943571").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_69943571").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="69943571"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="321566" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Behavioral_and_Developmental_Pediatrics">Behavioral and Developmental Pediatrics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="321566" type="text/json">{"id":321566,"name":"Behavioral and Developmental Pediatrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Behavioral_and_Developmental_Pediatrics?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2922956" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences">Psychology and Cognitive Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2922956" type="text/json">{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=69943571]'), work: {"id":69943571,"title":"Gender Development in Children with Gay, Lesbian, and Heterosexual Parents","created_at":"2022-01-29T10:37:15.363-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/69943571/Gender_Development_in_Children_with_Gay_Lesbian_and_Heterosexual_Parents?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_69943571","summary":"Objective: To examine whether the gender development of 120 Italian children (40 born to gay fathers [GFs] through surrogacy, 40 born to lesbian mothers [LMs] through sperm donation, and 40 born to heterosexual parents [HPs] through sexual intercourse) aged 3 to 9 years differed as a function of family type and/or child gender. Methods: Children took part in observed free-play sessions while primary caregivers and nonparent caregivers were administered standardized interviews. Hierarchical linear modeling, analysis of covariance, simple effects analysis, and bootstrapping were conducted. Results: Boys and girls of GFs and HPs were reported to show less gender flexibility in their activities and characteristics than boys and girls of LMs. They also received higher scores of gender conforming dress-up play and spent more time playing with genderconforming toys. In all family types, boys and girls were reported to show low levels of gender-nonconforming dress-up play and observed to spend less time playing with gender-nonconforming toys. Overall, comparisons within genders indicated that boys and girls of GFs and HPs were considered more masculine and feminine, respectively, in their behavior and play, relative to boys and girls in LM families. Age was not a significant covariate in any analysis. Conclusion: Our findings do not support the idea that children of gay or lesbian parents show greater gender nonconformity relative to children of HPs. The findings are informative to those concerned with the effects of the absence of a male or female live-in parent on child gender development.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":79849158,"asset_id":69943571,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32354273,"first_name":"Annalisa","last_name":"Tanzilli","domain_name":"uniroma1","page_name":"AnnalisaTanzilli","display_name":"Annalisa Tanzilli","profile_url":"https://uniroma1.academia.edu/AnnalisaTanzilli?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":321566,"name":"Behavioral and Developmental Pediatrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Behavioral_and_Developmental_Pediatrics?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_65472713" data-work_id="65472713" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/65472713/Head_injury_in_very_young_children_Mechanisms_injury_types_and_ophthalmologic_findings_in_100_hospitalized_patients_younger_than_2_years_of_age">Head injury in very young children: Mechanisms, injury types, and ophthalmologic findings in 100 hospitalized patients younger than 2 years of age</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/65472713" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5516417cefa8aa8e307760bd15a0bb98" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":77054045,"asset_id":65472713,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/77054045/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzczOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35094454" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DBudenz">D. Budenz</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35094454" type="text/json">{"id":35094454,"first_name":"D.","last_name":"Budenz","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DBudenz","display_name":"D. Budenz","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DBudenz?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_65472713 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="65472713"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 65472713, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_65472713", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_65472713 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 65472713; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_65472713"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_65472713 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="65472713"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 65472713; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=65472713]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_65472713").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_65472713").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="65472713"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="631" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pediatrics">Pediatrics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="631" type="text/json">{"id":631,"name":"Pediatrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pediatrics?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="62112" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies">Prospective studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="62112" type="text/json">{"id":62112,"name":"Prospective studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=65472713]'), work: {"id":65472713,"title":"Head injury in very young children: Mechanisms, injury types, and ophthalmologic findings in 100 hospitalized patients younger than 2 years of age","created_at":"2021-12-22T03:35:43.566-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/65472713/Head_injury_in_very_young_children_Mechanisms_injury_types_and_ophthalmologic_findings_in_100_hospitalized_patients_younger_than_2_years_of_age?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_65472713","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":77054045,"asset_id":65472713,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35094454,"first_name":"D.","last_name":"Budenz","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DBudenz","display_name":"D. Budenz","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DBudenz?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":631,"name":"Pediatrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pediatrics?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":62112,"name":"Prospective studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":91079,"name":"Child Abuse","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child_Abuse?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":134346,"name":"Infant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infant?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":253560,"name":"Newborn Infant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Newborn_Infant?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":368876,"name":"Head injury","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Head_injury?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1159940,"name":"Cerebral Hemorrhage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cerebral_Hemorrhage?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1902100,"name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomechanical_Phenomena?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2489700,"name":"Child preschool","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child_preschool?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3761707,"name":"Accidental falls","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accidental_falls?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":4002452,"name":"Accidents Traffic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accidents_Traffic?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":4022567,"name":"Brain concussion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brain_concussion?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_59065618" data-work_id="59065618" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/59065618/Prodrugs_design_and_clinical_applications">Prodrugs: design and clinical applications</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">The rapid synthesis or the computer simulation of a large number of different but structurally related molecules.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/59065618" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e4e24f8a2f668376fc8683d24c0503eb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73175804,"asset_id":59065618,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73175804/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzczOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="83605967" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HeimbachTycho">Tycho Heimbach</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="83605967" type="text/json">{"id":83605967,"first_name":"Tycho","last_name":"Heimbach","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HeimbachTycho","display_name":"Tycho Heimbach","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HeimbachTycho?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_59065618 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="59065618"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 59065618, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_59065618", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_59065618 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59065618; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_59065618"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_59065618 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59065618"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59065618; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59065618]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_59065618").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_59065618").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="59065618"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10640" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Discovery">Drug Discovery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10640" type="text/json">{"id":10640,"name":"Drug Discovery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Discovery?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="33319" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nature">Nature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="33319" type="text/json">{"id":33319,"name":"Nature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nature?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64461" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prodrugs">Prodrugs</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="64461" type="text/json">{"id":64461,"name":"Prodrugs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prodrugs?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=59065618]'), work: {"id":59065618,"title":"Prodrugs: design and clinical applications","created_at":"2021-10-19T17:06:54.945-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/59065618/Prodrugs_design_and_clinical_applications?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_59065618","summary":"The rapid synthesis or the computer simulation of a large number of different but structurally related molecules.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73175804,"asset_id":59065618,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":83605967,"first_name":"Tycho","last_name":"Heimbach","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HeimbachTycho","display_name":"Tycho Heimbach","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HeimbachTycho?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10640,"name":"Drug Discovery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Discovery?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":33319,"name":"Nature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nature?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":64461,"name":"Prodrugs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prodrugs?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":120789,"name":"Drug Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Design?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":159187,"name":"Drug Delivery Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Delivery_Systems?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":162983,"name":"Absorption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Absorption?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":375078,"name":"Topical Drug Administration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Topical_Drug_Administration?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":519926,"name":"Functional Group","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functional_Group?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1136192,"name":"Biological Availability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Availability?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1188229,"name":"Parenteral Nutrition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parenteral_Nutrition?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1275886,"name":"Clinical Application","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Application?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_53307279" data-work_id="53307279" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/53307279/Onic_tumor_markers_for_breast_cancer_a_review">Onic" tumor markers for breast cancer- a review</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Breast cancer is a global health issue, and as the tumor burden increases, we need to come up with newer, better technologies which are convenient, cheap, rapid, sensitive with a high specificity. Technological advancements in the field... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_53307279" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Breast cancer is a global health issue, and as the tumor burden increases, we need to come up with newer, better technologies which are convenient, cheap, rapid, sensitive with a high specificity. Technological advancements in the field of cancer biomarker has led to the development of techniques such as mass spectrometric analysis and microarray analysis in which genes, proteins and hundreds and thousands of metabolites can be identified with the emergence of genomics, proteomics and metabolomics. This research is focused on finding biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, staging, treatment response and targets for chemotherapy, generating a panel of markers which provide better clinical information compared to a single marker in the panel. This review briefly summarizes application of genomics and proteomics followed by key concepts and applications of metabolomics in breast cancer, with the conclusion that an integration of the three "OMIC" technologies may hold the key to future biomarker discovery. Sources of Data/Study Selection: The information for this review was collected by searching the Google Scholar and PubMed database for English articles published in the period from 2002 to 2015. The search terms included "biomarkers in breast cancer" along with the following search terms: "genomics", "proteomics", "metabolomics", "breast cancer", "mass spectrometry", "molecular markers" and "cancer biomarker". We have endeavored to quote only the primary sources. Titles and abstracts of retrieved studies were assessed first followed by selection and retrieval of selected full text articles.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/53307279" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1170038c9921ca684007702b12737803" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":70210087,"asset_id":53307279,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/70210087/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzczOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="81625670" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NailaHadi">Naila Hadi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="81625670" type="text/json">{"id":81625670,"first_name":"Naila","last_name":"Hadi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NailaHadi","display_name":"Naila Hadi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NailaHadi?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_53307279 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="53307279"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 53307279, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_53307279", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_53307279 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 53307279; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_53307279"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_53307279 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="53307279"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 53307279; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=53307279]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_53307279").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_53307279").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="53307279"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3763225" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences">Medical and Health Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3763225" type="text/json">{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=53307279]'), work: {"id":53307279,"title":"Onic\" tumor markers for breast cancer- a review","created_at":"2021-09-25T00:15:59.232-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/53307279/Onic_tumor_markers_for_breast_cancer_a_review?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_53307279","summary":"Breast cancer is a global health issue, and as the tumor burden increases, we need to come up with newer, better technologies which are convenient, cheap, rapid, sensitive with a high specificity. Technological advancements in the field of cancer biomarker has led to the development of techniques such as mass spectrometric analysis and microarray analysis in which genes, proteins and hundreds and thousands of metabolites can be identified with the emergence of genomics, proteomics and metabolomics. This research is focused on finding biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, staging, treatment response and targets for chemotherapy, generating a panel of markers which provide better clinical information compared to a single marker in the panel. This review briefly summarizes application of genomics and proteomics followed by key concepts and applications of metabolomics in breast cancer, with the conclusion that an integration of the three \"OMIC\" technologies may hold the key to future biomarker discovery. Sources of Data/Study Selection: The information for this review was collected by searching the Google Scholar and PubMed database for English articles published in the period from 2002 to 2015. The search terms included \"biomarkers in breast cancer\" along with the following search terms: \"genomics\", \"proteomics\", \"metabolomics\", \"breast cancer\", \"mass spectrometry\", \"molecular markers\" and \"cancer biomarker\". We have endeavored to quote only the primary sources. Titles and abstracts of retrieved studies were assessed first followed by selection and retrieval of selected full text articles.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":70210087,"asset_id":53307279,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":81625670,"first_name":"Naila","last_name":"Hadi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NailaHadi","display_name":"Naila Hadi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NailaHadi?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48249582" data-work_id="48249582" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48249582/Panic_and_Paranoia">Panic and Paranoia</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48249582" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f9494e0887b4607657e17ff8c9f67f8e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66960444,"asset_id":48249582,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66960444/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzczOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="166626603" href="https://adelphi.academia.edu/PhyllisArlow">Phyllis Arlow</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="166626603" type="text/json">{"id":166626603,"first_name":"Phyllis","last_name":"Arlow","domain_name":"adelphi","page_name":"PhyllisArlow","display_name":"Phyllis Arlow","profile_url":"https://adelphi.academia.edu/PhyllisArlow?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48249582 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48249582"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48249582, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48249582", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_48249582 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48249582; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_48249582"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_48249582 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48249582"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48249582; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48249582]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48249582").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48249582").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48249582"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3227" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Schizophrenia">Schizophrenia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3227" type="text/json">{"id":3227,"name":"Schizophrenia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Schizophrenia?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="117218" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Panic_Disorder">Panic Disorder</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="117218" type="text/json">{"id":117218,"name":"Panic Disorder","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Panic_Disorder?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1715433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paranoid_Personality_Disorder">Paranoid Personality Disorder</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1715433" type="text/json">{"id":1715433,"name":"Paranoid Personality Disorder","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paranoid_Personality_Disorder?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2922956" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences">Psychology and Cognitive Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2922956" type="text/json">{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48249582]'), work: {"id":48249582,"title":"Panic and Paranoia","created_at":"2021-05-04T07:07:19.732-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48249582/Panic_and_Paranoia?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_48249582","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66960444,"asset_id":48249582,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":166626603,"first_name":"Phyllis","last_name":"Arlow","domain_name":"adelphi","page_name":"PhyllisArlow","display_name":"Phyllis Arlow","profile_url":"https://adelphi.academia.edu/PhyllisArlow?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3227,"name":"Schizophrenia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Schizophrenia?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":117218,"name":"Panic Disorder","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Panic_Disorder?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":1715433,"name":"Paranoid Personality Disorder","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paranoid_Personality_Disorder?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_75521453" data-work_id="75521453" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75521453/Functional_neuroimaging_studies_of_human_somatosensory_cortex">Functional neuroimaging studies of human somatosensory cortex</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Two studies were carried out to assess the applicability of echoplanar fMRI at 3.0 T to the analysis of somatosensory mechanisms in humans. Vibrotactile stimulation of the tips of digits two and five reliably generated significant... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_75521453" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Two studies were carried out to assess the applicability of echoplanar fMRI at 3.0 T to the analysis of somatosensory mechanisms in humans. Vibrotactile stimulation of the tips of digits two and five reliably generated significant clusters of activation in primary (SI) and secondary (SII) somatosensory cortex, area 43, the pre-central gyrus, posterior insula, posterior parietal cortex and posterior cingulate. Separation of these responses by digit in SI was possible in all subjects and the activation sites reflected the known lateral position of the representation of digit 2 relative to that of digit 5. A second study employed microneurographic techniques in which individual median-nerve mechanoreceptive afferents were isolated, physiologically characterized, and microstimulated in conjunction with fMRI. Hemodynamic responses, observed in every case, were robust, focal, and physiologically orderly. These techniques will enable more detailed studies of the representation of the body surface in human somatosensory cortex, the relationship of that organization to short-term plasticity in responses to natural tactile stimuli, and effects of stimulus patterning and unimodal/cross-modal attentional manipulations. They also present unique opportunities to investigate the basic physiology of the BOLD effect, and to optimize the operating characteristics of two important human functional neuroimaging modalities */highfield fMRI and high-resolution EEG-in an unusually specific and well-characterized neurophysiological setting.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/75521453" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4381f022f3d593278628a3633174d729" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83545818,"asset_id":75521453,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83545818/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1015104" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EdwardKelly">Edward Kelly</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1015104" type="text/json">{"id":1015104,"first_name":"Edward","last_name":"Kelly","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EdwardKelly","display_name":"Edward Kelly","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EdwardKelly?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_75521453 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="75521453"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75521453, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_75521453", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_75521453 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75521453; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_75521453"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_75521453 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75521453"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75521453; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75521453]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_75521453").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_75521453").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="75521453"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="371" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functional_Analysis">Functional Analysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="371" type="text/json">{"id":371,"name":"Functional Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functional_Analysis?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="623" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurology">Neurology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="623" type="text/json">{"id":623,"name":"Neurology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2007" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrophysiology">Electrophysiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2007" type="text/json">{"id":2007,"name":"Electrophysiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrophysiology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2923" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Methodology">Methodology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2923" type="text/json">{"id":2923,"name":"Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Methodology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=75521453]'), work: {"id":75521453,"title":"Functional neuroimaging studies of human somatosensory cortex","created_at":"2022-04-05T05:07:20.246-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/75521453/Functional_neuroimaging_studies_of_human_somatosensory_cortex?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_75521453","summary":"Two studies were carried out to assess the applicability of echoplanar fMRI at 3.0 T to the analysis of somatosensory mechanisms in humans. Vibrotactile stimulation of the tips of digits two and five reliably generated significant clusters of activation in primary (SI) and secondary (SII) somatosensory cortex, area 43, the pre-central gyrus, posterior insula, posterior parietal cortex and posterior cingulate. Separation of these responses by digit in SI was possible in all subjects and the activation sites reflected the known lateral position of the representation of digit 2 relative to that of digit 5. A second study employed microneurographic techniques in which individual median-nerve mechanoreceptive afferents were isolated, physiologically characterized, and microstimulated in conjunction with fMRI. Hemodynamic responses, observed in every case, were robust, focal, and physiologically orderly. These techniques will enable more detailed studies of the representation of the body surface in human somatosensory cortex, the relationship of that organization to short-term plasticity in responses to natural tactile stimuli, and effects of stimulus patterning and unimodal/cross-modal attentional manipulations. They also present unique opportunities to investigate the basic physiology of the BOLD effect, and to optimize the operating characteristics of two important human functional neuroimaging modalities */highfield fMRI and high-resolution EEG-in an unusually specific and well-characterized neurophysiological setting.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83545818,"asset_id":75521453,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1015104,"first_name":"Edward","last_name":"Kelly","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EdwardKelly","display_name":"Edward Kelly","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EdwardKelly?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":371,"name":"Functional Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functional_Analysis?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":623,"name":"Neurology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":2007,"name":"Electrophysiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrophysiology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":2923,"name":"Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Methodology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":6200,"name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_Resonance_Imaging?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":10904,"name":"Electroencephalography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electroencephalography?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":29917,"name":"FMRI","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FMRI?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":52176,"name":"Brain Mapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brain_Mapping?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":100946,"name":"Functional Imaging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functional_Imaging?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":128559,"name":"Mechanoreceptors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanoreceptors?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":309086,"name":"High Resolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Resolution?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":354019,"name":"Active site","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Active_site?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":509029,"name":"Functional Neuroimaging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functional_Neuroimaging?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1028516,"name":"Fingers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fingers?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1187899,"name":"E","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1239755,"name":"Neurosciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurosciences?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1292780,"name":"Median Nerve","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Median_Nerve?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2234200,"name":"Functional Laterality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functional_Laterality?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_73082399" data-work_id="73082399" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73082399/Consensus_Recommendations_for_the_Clinical_Application_of_Repetitive_Transcranial_Magnetic_Stimulation_rTMS_in_the_Treatment_of_Depression">Consensus Recommendations for the Clinical Application of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in the Treatment of Depression</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">To provide expert recommendations for the safe and effective application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Participants included a group of 17 expert clinicians and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_73082399" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">To provide expert recommendations for the safe and effective application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Participants included a group of 17 expert clinicians and researchers with expertise in the clinical application of rTMS, representing both the National Network of Depression Centers (NNDC) rTMS Task Group and the American Psychiatric Association Council on Research (APA CoR) Task Force on Novel Biomarkers and Treatments. The consensus statement is based on a review of extensive literature from 2 databases (OvidSP MEDLINE and PsycINFO) searched from 1990 through 2016. The search terms included variants of major depressive disorder and transcranial magnetic stimulation. The results were limited to articles written in English that focused on adult populations. Of the approximately 1,500 retrieved studies, a total of 118 publications were included in the consensus statement and were supplemented with expert ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/73082399" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="00e2dd86669b26807d8dc0867fe32756" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81744858,"asset_id":73082399,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81744858/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31796856" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AndrewKrystal">Andrew Krystal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31796856" type="text/json">{"id":31796856,"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Krystal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AndrewKrystal","display_name":"Andrew Krystal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AndrewKrystal?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_73082399 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="73082399"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 73082399, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_73082399", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_73082399 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 73082399; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_73082399"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_73082399 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="73082399"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 73082399; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=73082399]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_73082399").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_73082399").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="73082399"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="437770" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Psychiatry">Clinical Psychiatry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="437770" type="text/json">{"id":437770,"name":"Clinical Psychiatry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Psychiatry?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2922956" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences">Psychology and Cognitive Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2922956" type="text/json">{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=73082399]'), work: {"id":73082399,"title":"Consensus Recommendations for the Clinical Application of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in the Treatment of Depression","created_at":"2022-03-05T00:40:27.413-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/73082399/Consensus_Recommendations_for_the_Clinical_Application_of_Repetitive_Transcranial_Magnetic_Stimulation_rTMS_in_the_Treatment_of_Depression?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_73082399","summary":"To provide expert recommendations for the safe and effective application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Participants included a group of 17 expert clinicians and researchers with expertise in the clinical application of rTMS, representing both the National Network of Depression Centers (NNDC) rTMS Task Group and the American Psychiatric Association Council on Research (APA CoR) Task Force on Novel Biomarkers and Treatments. The consensus statement is based on a review of extensive literature from 2 databases (OvidSP MEDLINE and PsycINFO) searched from 1990 through 2016. The search terms included variants of major depressive disorder and transcranial magnetic stimulation. The results were limited to articles written in English that focused on adult populations. Of the approximately 1,500 retrieved studies, a total of 118 publications were included in the consensus statement and were supplemented with expert ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81744858,"asset_id":73082399,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31796856,"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Krystal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AndrewKrystal","display_name":"Andrew Krystal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AndrewKrystal?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":437770,"name":"Clinical Psychiatry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Psychiatry?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50002064" data-work_id="50002064" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/50002064/Body_contouring_after_massive_weight_loss_1">Body contouring after massive weight loss*1</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50002064" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ebdef27f55659f127c19df66024c0a77" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68149803,"asset_id":50002064,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68149803/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="40680360" href="https://pitt.academia.edu/DennisHurwitz">Dennis Hurwitz</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="40680360" type="text/json">{"id":40680360,"first_name":"Dennis","last_name":"Hurwitz","domain_name":"pitt","page_name":"DennisHurwitz","display_name":"Dennis Hurwitz","profile_url":"https://pitt.academia.edu/DennisHurwitz?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40680360/11080997/12365791/s65_dennis.hurwitz.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50002064 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50002064"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50002064, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50002064", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_50002064 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50002064; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_50002064"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_50002064 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50002064"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50002064; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50002064]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_50002064").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_50002064").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="50002064"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="89805" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Weight_Loss">Weight Loss</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="89805" type="text/json">{"id":89805,"name":"Weight Loss","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Weight_Loss?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="213076" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aesthetic_Surgery">Aesthetic Surgery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="213076" type="text/json">{"id":213076,"name":"Aesthetic Surgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aesthetic_Surgery?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3763225" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences">Medical and Health Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3763225" type="text/json">{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=50002064]'), work: {"id":50002064,"title":"Body contouring after massive weight loss*1","created_at":"2021-07-16T19:25:14.208-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/50002064/Body_contouring_after_massive_weight_loss_1?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_50002064","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68149803,"asset_id":50002064,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":40680360,"first_name":"Dennis","last_name":"Hurwitz","domain_name":"pitt","page_name":"DennisHurwitz","display_name":"Dennis Hurwitz","profile_url":"https://pitt.academia.edu/DennisHurwitz?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40680360/11080997/12365791/s65_dennis.hurwitz.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":89805,"name":"Weight Loss","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Weight_Loss?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":213076,"name":"Aesthetic Surgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aesthetic_Surgery?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_56403573" data-work_id="56403573" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/56403573/Self_injection_of_barbiturates_benzodiazepines_and_other_sedative_anxiolytics_in_baboons">Self-injection of barbiturates, benzodiazepines and other sedative-anxiolytics in baboons</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Self-injection of 12 sedative-anxiolytics was examined in baboons. Intravenous injections and initiation of a 3-h time-out were dependent upon completion of a fixed-ratio schedule requirement, permitting eight injections per day. Before... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_56403573" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Self-injection of 12 sedative-anxiolytics was examined in baboons. Intravenous injections and initiation of a 3-h time-out were dependent upon completion of a fixed-ratio schedule requirement, permitting eight injections per day. Before testing each dose of drug, self-injection performance was established with cocaine. Subsequently, a test dose was substituted for cocaine. At some doses, all five of the benzodiazepines examined (alprazolam, bromazepam, chlordiazepoxide, lorazepam, triazolam) maintained rates (number of injections per day) of drug self-injection above vehicle control in each of the baboons tested. Maximum rates of benzodiazepine self-injection were generally submaximat. Of the benzodiazepines examined, triazolam maintained the highest rates of self-injection. Among the three barbiturates tested, methohexitat generally maintained high rates of self-injection in contrast to hexobarbitat and phenobarbital, which only maintained low rates. Of the four non-benzodiazepine non-barbiturate sedatives examined, both chloral hydrate and methyprylon occasionally maintained high rates of self-injection. Although there were differences within and across animals, baclofen maintained intermediate rates of self-injection. The novel anxiolytic buspirone maintained only low rates of self-injection that were not different from vehicle. This study further validates the self-injection methodology for assessing sedative-anxiolytic abuse liability and provides new intbrmation about drug elimination rate as a determinant of drug self-administration.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/56403573" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ffb4741f30e238dcb9933512de0b4ca0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":71807433,"asset_id":56403573,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/71807433/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1003332" href="https://johnshopkins.academia.edu/RolandGriffiths">Roland Griffiths</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1003332" type="text/json">{"id":1003332,"first_name":"Roland","last_name":"Griffiths","domain_name":"johnshopkins","page_name":"RolandGriffiths","display_name":"Roland Griffiths","profile_url":"https://johnshopkins.academia.edu/RolandGriffiths?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1003332/6849568/7730327/s65_roland.griffiths.jpg_oh_0b0b8dd8831da3641be620615efbf3aa_oe_55679427___gda___1428440520_1f6f8d179f59d1d3db076096a3d6068a"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_56403573 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="56403573"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 56403573, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_56403573", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_56403573 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 56403573; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_56403573"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_56403573 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="56403573"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 56403573; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=56403573]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_56403573").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_56403573").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="56403573"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2047" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychopharmacology">Psychopharmacology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2047" type="text/json">{"id":2047,"name":"Psychopharmacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychopharmacology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Animal_Behavior">Applied Animal Behavior</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="38884" type="text/json">{"id":38884,"name":"Applied Animal Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Animal_Behavior?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56475" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Papio">Papio</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56475" type="text/json">{"id":56475,"name":"Papio","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Papio?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106566" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cocaine">Cocaine</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="106566" type="text/json">{"id":106566,"name":"Cocaine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cocaine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=56403573]'), work: {"id":56403573,"title":"Self-injection of barbiturates, benzodiazepines and other sedative-anxiolytics in baboons","created_at":"2021-10-07T16:45:58.609-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/56403573/Self_injection_of_barbiturates_benzodiazepines_and_other_sedative_anxiolytics_in_baboons?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_56403573","summary":"Self-injection of 12 sedative-anxiolytics was examined in baboons. Intravenous injections and initiation of a 3-h time-out were dependent upon completion of a fixed-ratio schedule requirement, permitting eight injections per day. Before testing each dose of drug, self-injection performance was established with cocaine. Subsequently, a test dose was substituted for cocaine. At some doses, all five of the benzodiazepines examined (alprazolam, bromazepam, chlordiazepoxide, lorazepam, triazolam) maintained rates (number of injections per day) of drug self-injection above vehicle control in each of the baboons tested. Maximum rates of benzodiazepine self-injection were generally submaximat. Of the benzodiazepines examined, triazolam maintained the highest rates of self-injection. Among the three barbiturates tested, methohexitat generally maintained high rates of self-injection in contrast to hexobarbitat and phenobarbital, which only maintained low rates. Of the four non-benzodiazepine non-barbiturate sedatives examined, both chloral hydrate and methyprylon occasionally maintained high rates of self-injection. Although there were differences within and across animals, baclofen maintained intermediate rates of self-injection. The novel anxiolytic buspirone maintained only low rates of self-injection that were not different from vehicle. This study further validates the self-injection methodology for assessing sedative-anxiolytic abuse liability and provides new intbrmation about drug elimination rate as a determinant of drug self-administration.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":71807433,"asset_id":56403573,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1003332,"first_name":"Roland","last_name":"Griffiths","domain_name":"johnshopkins","page_name":"RolandGriffiths","display_name":"Roland Griffiths","profile_url":"https://johnshopkins.academia.edu/RolandGriffiths?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1003332/6849568/7730327/s65_roland.griffiths.jpg_oh_0b0b8dd8831da3641be620615efbf3aa_oe_55679427___gda___1428440520_1f6f8d179f59d1d3db076096a3d6068a"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2047,"name":"Psychopharmacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychopharmacology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":38884,"name":"Applied Animal Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Animal_Behavior?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":56475,"name":"Papio","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Papio?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":106566,"name":"Cocaine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cocaine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":133351,"name":"Benzodiazepines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Benzodiazepines?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":202574,"name":"Feeding Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feeding_Behavior?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":209189,"name":"Drug abuse","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_abuse?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":477865,"name":"Operant Conditioning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Operant_Conditioning?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":980973,"name":"Fixed Ratio","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fixed_Ratio?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1322739,"name":"Mono","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mono?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1619629,"name":"Chloral Hydrate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chloral_Hydrate?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1619809,"name":"Barbiturates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Barbiturates?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3146759,"name":"vehicle control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/vehicle_control?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_52921691" data-work_id="52921691" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/52921691/Plasticity_changes_in_forebrain_activity_and_functional_connectivity_during_neuropathic_pain_development_in_rats_with_sciatic_spared_nerve_injury">Plasticity changes in forebrain activity and functional connectivity during neuropathic pain development in rats with sciatic spared nerve injury</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Neuropathic pain is a major worldwide health problem. Although central sensitization has been reported in wellestablished neuropathic conditions, information on the acute brain activation patterns in response to peripheral nerve injury is... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_52921691" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Neuropathic pain is a major worldwide health problem. Although central sensitization has been reported in wellestablished neuropathic conditions, information on the acute brain activation patterns in response to peripheral nerve injury is lacking. This study first mapped the brain activity in rats immediately following spared nerve injury (SNI) of the sciatic nerve. Using blood-oxygenation-level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI), we observed sustained activation in the bilateral insular cortices (ICs), primary somatosensory cortex (S1), and cingulate cortex. Second, this study sought to link this sustained activation pattern with brain sensitization. Using manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI), we observed enhanced activity in the ipsilateral anterior IC (AIC) in free-moving SNI rats on Days 1 and 8 post-SNI. Furthermore, enhanced functional connectivity between the ipsilateral AIC, bilateral rostral AIC, and S1 was observed on Day 8 post-SNI. Chronic electrophysiological recording experiments were conducted to confirm the tonic neuronal activation in selected brain regions. Our data provide evidence of tonic activation-dependent brain sensitization during neuropathic pain development and offer evidence that the plasticity changes in the IC and S1 may contribute to neuropathic pain development.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/52921691" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="07dd9200852dab15933cc019a21019c0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":69950018,"asset_id":52921691,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69950018/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42498364" href="https://taiwan.academia.edu/ChentungYen">Chen-tung Yen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42498364" type="text/json">{"id":42498364,"first_name":"Chen-tung","last_name":"Yen","domain_name":"taiwan","page_name":"ChentungYen","display_name":"Chen-tung Yen","profile_url":"https://taiwan.academia.edu/ChentungYen?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_52921691 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="52921691"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 52921691, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_52921691", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_52921691 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 52921691; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_52921691"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_52921691 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="52921691"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 52921691; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=52921691]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_52921691").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_52921691").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="52921691"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3763225" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences">Medical and Health Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3763225" type="text/json">{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=52921691]'), work: {"id":52921691,"title":"Plasticity changes in forebrain activity and functional connectivity during neuropathic pain development in rats with sciatic spared nerve injury","created_at":"2021-09-19T21:01:56.040-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/52921691/Plasticity_changes_in_forebrain_activity_and_functional_connectivity_during_neuropathic_pain_development_in_rats_with_sciatic_spared_nerve_injury?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_52921691","summary":"Neuropathic pain is a major worldwide health problem. Although central sensitization has been reported in wellestablished neuropathic conditions, information on the acute brain activation patterns in response to peripheral nerve injury is lacking. This study first mapped the brain activity in rats immediately following spared nerve injury (SNI) of the sciatic nerve. Using blood-oxygenation-level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI), we observed sustained activation in the bilateral insular cortices (ICs), primary somatosensory cortex (S1), and cingulate cortex. Second, this study sought to link this sustained activation pattern with brain sensitization. Using manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI), we observed enhanced activity in the ipsilateral anterior IC (AIC) in free-moving SNI rats on Days 1 and 8 post-SNI. Furthermore, enhanced functional connectivity between the ipsilateral AIC, bilateral rostral AIC, and S1 was observed on Day 8 post-SNI. Chronic electrophysiological recording experiments were conducted to confirm the tonic neuronal activation in selected brain regions. Our data provide evidence of tonic activation-dependent brain sensitization during neuropathic pain development and offer evidence that the plasticity changes in the IC and S1 may contribute to neuropathic pain development.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69950018,"asset_id":52921691,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42498364,"first_name":"Chen-tung","last_name":"Yen","domain_name":"taiwan","page_name":"ChentungYen","display_name":"Chen-tung Yen","profile_url":"https://taiwan.academia.edu/ChentungYen?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_61691586" data-work_id="61691586" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/61691586/NCKAP1L_defects_lead_to_a_novel_syndrome_combining_immunodeficiency_lymphoproliferation_and_hyperinflammation">NCKAP1L defects lead to a novel syndrome combining immunodeficiency, lymphoproliferation, and hyperinflammation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Nck-associated protein 1–like (NCKAP1L) gene, alternatively called hematopoietic protein 1 (HEM-1), encodes a hematopoietic lineage–specific regulator of the actin cytoskeleton. Nckap1l-deficient mice have anomalies in lymphocyte... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_61691586" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Nck-associated protein 1–like (NCKAP1L) gene, alternatively called hematopoietic protein 1 (HEM-1), encodes a hematopoietic lineage–specific regulator of the actin cytoskeleton. Nckap1l-deficient mice have anomalies in lymphocyte development, phagocytosis, and neutrophil migration. Here we report, for the first time, NCKAP1L deficiency cases in humans. In two unrelated patients of Middle Eastern origin, recessive mutations in NCKAP1L abolishing protein expression led to immunodeficiency, lymphoproliferation, and hyperinflammation with features of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Immunophenotyping showed an inverted CD4/CD8 ratio with a major shift of both CD4+ and CD8+ cells toward memory compartments, in line with combined RNA-seq/proteomics analyses revealing a T cell exhaustion signature. Consistent with the core function of NCKAP1L in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, patients’ T cells displayed impaired early activation, immune synapse morphology, and leading...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/61691586" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2801c088739b9c5780e1e32dd493ba56" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":74663971,"asset_id":61691586,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74663971/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32637099" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BrunoRinaldi">Bruno Rinaldi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32637099" type="text/json">{"id":32637099,"first_name":"Bruno","last_name":"Rinaldi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BrunoRinaldi","display_name":"Bruno Rinaldi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BrunoRinaldi?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_61691586 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="61691586"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 61691586, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_61691586", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_61691586 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61691586; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_61691586"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_61691586 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61691586"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61691586; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61691586]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_61691586").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_61691586").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="61691586"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="554586" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Medicine">Experimental Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="554586" type="text/json">{"id":554586,"name":"Experimental Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3763225" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences">Medical and Health Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3763225" type="text/json">{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=61691586]'), work: {"id":61691586,"title":"NCKAP1L defects lead to a novel syndrome combining immunodeficiency, lymphoproliferation, and hyperinflammation","created_at":"2021-11-15T01:07:27.356-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/61691586/NCKAP1L_defects_lead_to_a_novel_syndrome_combining_immunodeficiency_lymphoproliferation_and_hyperinflammation?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_61691586","summary":"The Nck-associated protein 1–like (NCKAP1L) gene, alternatively called hematopoietic protein 1 (HEM-1), encodes a hematopoietic lineage–specific regulator of the actin cytoskeleton. Nckap1l-deficient mice have anomalies in lymphocyte development, phagocytosis, and neutrophil migration. Here we report, for the first time, NCKAP1L deficiency cases in humans. In two unrelated patients of Middle Eastern origin, recessive mutations in NCKAP1L abolishing protein expression led to immunodeficiency, lymphoproliferation, and hyperinflammation with features of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Immunophenotyping showed an inverted CD4/CD8 ratio with a major shift of both CD4+ and CD8+ cells toward memory compartments, in line with combined RNA-seq/proteomics analyses revealing a T cell exhaustion signature. Consistent with the core function of NCKAP1L in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, patients’ T cells displayed impaired early activation, immune synapse morphology, and leading...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":74663971,"asset_id":61691586,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32637099,"first_name":"Bruno","last_name":"Rinaldi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BrunoRinaldi","display_name":"Bruno Rinaldi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BrunoRinaldi?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":554586,"name":"Experimental Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_70711474" data-work_id="70711474" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70711474/Mental_Health_Care_for_People_Who_Identify_as_Lesbian_Gay_Bisexual_Transgender_and_Or_Queer">Mental Health Care for People Who Identify as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and (Or) Queer</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Note: It is the policy of the Canadian Psychiatric Association to review each position paper, policy statement and clinical practice guideline every five years after publication or last review. Any such document that has been published... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_70711474" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Note: It is the policy of the Canadian Psychiatric Association to review each position paper, policy statement and clinical practice guideline every five years after publication or last review. Any such document that has been published more than five years ago and does not explicitly state it has been reviewed and retained as an official document of the CPA, either with revisions or as originally published, should be considered as a historical reference document only.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/70711474" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d77dbb72e6572ea27c9d1c373c123475" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":80346754,"asset_id":70711474,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80346754/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="58696505" href="https://mcmaster.academia.edu/AlbinaVeltman">Albina Veltman</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="58696505" type="text/json">{"id":58696505,"first_name":"Albina","last_name":"Veltman","domain_name":"mcmaster","page_name":"AlbinaVeltman","display_name":"Albina Veltman","profile_url":"https://mcmaster.academia.edu/AlbinaVeltman?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/58696505/15358422/16002473/s65_albina.veltman.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_70711474 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="70711474"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 70711474, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_70711474", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_70711474 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70711474; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_70711474"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_70711474 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70711474"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70711474; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70711474]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_70711474").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_70711474").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="70711474"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28973" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comorbidity">Comorbidity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28973" type="text/json">{"id":28973,"name":"Comorbidity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comorbidity?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="36391" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canadian_Psychiatry">Canadian Psychiatry</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="36391" type="text/json">{"id":36391,"name":"Canadian Psychiatry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canadian_Psychiatry?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=70711474]'), work: {"id":70711474,"title":"Mental Health Care for People Who Identify as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and (Or) Queer","created_at":"2022-02-06T07:59:32.989-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/70711474/Mental_Health_Care_for_People_Who_Identify_as_Lesbian_Gay_Bisexual_Transgender_and_Or_Queer?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_70711474","summary":"Note: It is the policy of the Canadian Psychiatric Association to review each position paper, policy statement and clinical practice guideline every five years after publication or last review. Any such document that has been published more than five years ago and does not explicitly state it has been reviewed and retained as an official document of the CPA, either with revisions or as originally published, should be considered as a historical reference document only.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80346754,"asset_id":70711474,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":58696505,"first_name":"Albina","last_name":"Veltman","domain_name":"mcmaster","page_name":"AlbinaVeltman","display_name":"Albina Veltman","profile_url":"https://mcmaster.academia.edu/AlbinaVeltman?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/58696505/15358422/16002473/s65_albina.veltman.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":28973,"name":"Comorbidity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comorbidity?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":36391,"name":"Canadian Psychiatry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canadian_Psychiatry?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":37397,"name":"Bisexuality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bisexuality?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":54114,"name":"Canada","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canada?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":54210,"name":"Social Stigma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Stigma?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":90090,"name":"Sexism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sexism?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":100383,"name":"Stereotyping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stereotyping?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":171144,"name":"Mental Disorders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mental_Disorders?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":178434,"name":"Mental health services","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mental_health_services?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2549475,"name":"Health Services Accessibility","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Services_Accessibility?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_58120798" data-work_id="58120798" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/58120798/The_long_road_of_statistical_learning_research_past_present_and_future">The long road of statistical learning research: past, present and future</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/58120798" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="590ff871cf0bd881f6e1e944a8c3309c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":72686812,"asset_id":58120798,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/72686812/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="12058" href="https://cornell.academia.edu/MortenHChristiansen">Morten H. Christiansen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="12058" type="text/json">{"id":12058,"first_name":"Morten H.","last_name":"Christiansen","domain_name":"cornell","page_name":"MortenHChristiansen","display_name":"Morten H. Christiansen","profile_url":"https://cornell.academia.edu/MortenHChristiansen?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/12058/4028/18892583/s65_morten_h..christiansen.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_58120798 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="58120798"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 58120798, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_58120798", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_58120798 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 58120798; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_58120798"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_58120798 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="58120798"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 58120798; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=58120798]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_58120798").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_58120798").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="58120798"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4233" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Biology">Computational Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4233" type="text/json">{"id":4233,"name":"Computational Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Biology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43774" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning">Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="43774" type="text/json">{"id":43774,"name":"Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="61474" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brain">Brain</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="61474" type="text/json">{"id":61474,"name":"Brain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brain?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=58120798]'), work: {"id":58120798,"title":"The long road of statistical learning research: past, present and future","created_at":"2021-10-15T06:39:43.541-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/58120798/The_long_road_of_statistical_learning_research_past_present_and_future?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_58120798","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":72686812,"asset_id":58120798,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":12058,"first_name":"Morten H.","last_name":"Christiansen","domain_name":"cornell","page_name":"MortenHChristiansen","display_name":"Morten H. Christiansen","profile_url":"https://cornell.academia.edu/MortenHChristiansen?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/12058/4028/18892583/s65_morten_h..christiansen.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4233,"name":"Computational Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Biology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":43774,"name":"Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":61474,"name":"Brain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brain?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":816819,"name":"Psychological Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychological_Models?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_73009776" data-work_id="73009776" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73009776/Money_Talks_Becoming_More_Comfortable_With_Understanding_a_Familys_Finances">Money Talks: Becoming More Comfortable With Understanding a Family's Finances</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Clinical Perspectives aims to provide a venue for exploring topics of importance to child and adolescent psychiatry, fostering discussion about these issues, educating child and adolescent psychiatrists and the broader medical community,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_73009776" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Clinical Perspectives aims to provide a venue for exploring topics of importance to child and adolescent psychiatry, fostering discussion about these issues, educating child and adolescent psychiatrists and the broader medical community, and bridging clinical practice and research. Where applicable, appropriate permissions for publication were obtained from the patient(s).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/73009776" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="41b09f13fdd6436ec2a74c8eecc2edff" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81702588,"asset_id":73009776,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81702588/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="44000749" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EugeneBeresin">Eugene Beresin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="44000749" type="text/json">{"id":44000749,"first_name":"Eugene","last_name":"Beresin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EugeneBeresin","display_name":"Eugene Beresin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EugeneBeresin?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_73009776 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="73009776"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 73009776, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_73009776", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_73009776 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 73009776; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_73009776"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_73009776 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="73009776"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 73009776; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=73009776]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_73009776").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_73009776").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="73009776"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2240" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychotherapy">Psychotherapy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2240" type="text/json">{"id":2240,"name":"Psychotherapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychotherapy?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22506" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent">Adolescent</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22506" type="text/json">{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64933" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child">Child</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="64933" type="text/json">{"id":64933,"name":"Child","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="96347" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Role">Role</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="96347" type="text/json">{"id":96347,"name":"Role","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Role?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=73009776]'), work: {"id":73009776,"title":"Money Talks: Becoming More Comfortable With Understanding a Family's Finances","created_at":"2022-03-04T02:01:36.305-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/73009776/Money_Talks_Becoming_More_Comfortable_With_Understanding_a_Familys_Finances?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_73009776","summary":"Clinical Perspectives aims to provide a venue for exploring topics of importance to child and adolescent psychiatry, fostering discussion about these issues, educating child and adolescent psychiatrists and the broader medical community, and bridging clinical practice and research. Where applicable, appropriate permissions for publication were obtained from the patient(s).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81702588,"asset_id":73009776,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":44000749,"first_name":"Eugene","last_name":"Beresin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EugeneBeresin","display_name":"Eugene Beresin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EugeneBeresin?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2240,"name":"Psychotherapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychotherapy?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":64933,"name":"Child","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":96347,"name":"Role","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Role?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":98134,"name":"United States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":117060,"name":"Child Psychiatry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child_Psychiatry?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":226330,"name":"Socioeconomic Status","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Socioeconomic_Status?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":717038,"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent_Psychiatry?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2463786,"name":"Truth Disclosure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Truth_Disclosure?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_56953800" data-work_id="56953800" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/56953800/Decentralized_facility_financing_versus_performance_based_payments_in_primary_health_care_a_large_scale_randomized_controlled_trial_in_Nigeria">Decentralized facility financing versus performance-based payments in primary health care: a large-scale randomized controlled trial in Nigeria</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Background Health system financing presents a challenge in many developing countries. We assessed two reform packages, performance-based financing (PBF) and direct facility financing (DFF), against each other and business-as-usual for... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_56953800" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background Health system financing presents a challenge in many developing countries. We assessed two reform packages, performance-based financing (PBF) and direct facility financing (DFF), against each other and business-as-usual for maternal and child healthcare (MCH) provision in Nigeria. Methods We sampled 571 facilities (269 in PBF; 302 in DFF) in 52 districts randomly assigned to PBF or DFF, and 215 facilities in 25 observable-matched control districts. PBF facilities received $2 ($1 for operating grants plus $1 for bonuses) for every $1 received by DFF facilities (operating grants alone). Both received autonomy, supervision, and enhanced community engagement, isolating the impact of additional performance-linked facility and health worker payments. Facilities and households with recent pregnancies in facility catchments were surveyed at baseline (2014) and endline (2017). Outcomes were Penta3 immunization, institutional deliveries, modern contraceptive prevalence rate (mCPR),...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/56953800" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6cff9de109dcfd6b4ebb67907b6a326e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":72087896,"asset_id":56953800,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/72087896/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33001909" href="https://independent.academia.edu/OluwoleOdutolu">Oluwole Odutolu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33001909" type="text/json">{"id":33001909,"first_name":"Oluwole","last_name":"Odutolu","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"OluwoleOdutolu","display_name":"Oluwole Odutolu","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/OluwoleOdutolu?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_56953800 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="56953800"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 56953800, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_56953800", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_56953800 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 56953800; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_56953800"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_56953800 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="56953800"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 56953800; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=56953800]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_56953800").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_56953800").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="56953800"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3763225" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences">Medical and Health Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3763225" type="text/json">{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=56953800]'), work: {"id":56953800,"title":"Decentralized facility financing versus performance-based payments in primary health care: a large-scale randomized controlled trial in Nigeria","created_at":"2021-10-10T09:43:32.003-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/56953800/Decentralized_facility_financing_versus_performance_based_payments_in_primary_health_care_a_large_scale_randomized_controlled_trial_in_Nigeria?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_56953800","summary":"Background Health system financing presents a challenge in many developing countries. We assessed two reform packages, performance-based financing (PBF) and direct facility financing (DFF), against each other and business-as-usual for maternal and child healthcare (MCH) provision in Nigeria. Methods We sampled 571 facilities (269 in PBF; 302 in DFF) in 52 districts randomly assigned to PBF or DFF, and 215 facilities in 25 observable-matched control districts. PBF facilities received $2 ($1 for operating grants plus $1 for bonuses) for every $1 received by DFF facilities (operating grants alone). Both received autonomy, supervision, and enhanced community engagement, isolating the impact of additional performance-linked facility and health worker payments. Facilities and households with recent pregnancies in facility catchments were surveyed at baseline (2014) and endline (2017). Outcomes were Penta3 immunization, institutional deliveries, modern contraceptive prevalence rate (mCPR),...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":72087896,"asset_id":56953800,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":97068648,"asset_id":56953800,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33001909,"first_name":"Oluwole","last_name":"Odutolu","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"OluwoleOdutolu","display_name":"Oluwole Odutolu","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/OluwoleOdutolu?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_62815863" data-work_id="62815863" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/62815863/Factors_Determining_Parents_Decisions_to_Bring_Their_Children_to_the_Pediatric_Emergency_Department_for_a_Minor_Illness">Factors Determining Parents’ Decisions to Bring Their Children to the Pediatric Emergency Department for a Minor Illness</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/62815863" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a5dc35538ccfcc53e1c5286325b94868" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":75463066,"asset_id":62815863,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75463066/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="134963018" rel="nofollow" href="https://independent.academia.edu/VUsonis">Vytautas Usonis</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="134963018" type="text/json">{"id":134963018,"first_name":"Vytautas","last_name":"Usonis","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VUsonis","display_name":"Vytautas Usonis","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VUsonis?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_62815863 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="62815863"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 62815863, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_62815863", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_62815863 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62815863; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_62815863"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_62815863 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="62815863"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62815863; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=62815863]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_62815863").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_62815863").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="62815863"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1681" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making">Decision Making</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1681" type="text/json">{"id":1681,"name":"Decision Making","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2974" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primary_Health_Care">Primary Health Care</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2974" type="text/json">{"id":2974,"name":"Primary Health Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primary_Health_Care?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4545" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parenting">Parenting</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4545" type="text/json">{"id":4545,"name":"Parenting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parenting?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="55155" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emergency_Medical_Services">Emergency Medical Services</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="55155" type="text/json">{"id":55155,"name":"Emergency Medical Services","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emergency_Medical_Services?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=62815863]'), work: {"id":62815863,"title":"Factors Determining Parents’ Decisions to Bring Their Children to the Pediatric Emergency Department for a Minor Illness","created_at":"2021-12-01T00:46:18.796-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/62815863/Factors_Determining_Parents_Decisions_to_Bring_Their_Children_to_the_Pediatric_Emergency_Department_for_a_Minor_Illness?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_62815863","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":75463066,"asset_id":62815863,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":134963018,"first_name":"Vytautas","last_name":"Usonis","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VUsonis","display_name":"Vytautas Usonis","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VUsonis?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1681,"name":"Decision Making","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":2974,"name":"Primary Health Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primary_Health_Care?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":4545,"name":"Parenting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parenting?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":55155,"name":"Emergency Medical Services","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emergency_Medical_Services?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":62112,"name":"Prospective studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":201285,"name":"Lithuania","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lithuania?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":232534,"name":"Health Status","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Status?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":303598,"name":"Parents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parents?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2486603,"name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surveys_and_Questionnaires?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3989031,"name":"Referral and consultation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Referral_and_consultation?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_74965199" data-work_id="74965199" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/74965199/Magic_and_the_origins_of_modern_science">Magic and the origins of modern science</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Further important sources of the empiricism of the Scientific Revolution were to be found in the magical tradition, and these influences can be seen at work in a number of areas. They deserve separate consideration here, however, because... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_74965199" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Further important sources of the empiricism of the Scientific Revolution were to be found in the magical tradition, and these influences can be seen at work in a number of areas. They deserve separate consideration here, however, because they have generated considerable historiographical debate [222; 39]. A number of historians of science have refused to accept that something which they see as so irrational could have had any impact whatsoever upon the supremely rational pursuit of science. Their arguments seem to be based on mere prejudice, or on a failure to understand the richness and complexity of the magical tradition.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/74965199" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="111472" href="https://edinburgh.academia.edu/JohnHenry">John Henry</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="111472" type="text/json">{"id":111472,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Henry","domain_name":"edinburgh","page_name":"JohnHenry","display_name":"John Henry","profile_url":"https://edinburgh.academia.edu/JohnHenry?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/111472/30252/55928/s65_john.henry.111472"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_74965199 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="74965199"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74965199, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_74965199", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_74965199 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74965199; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_74965199"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_74965199 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74965199"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74965199; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74965199]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_74965199").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_74965199").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="74965199"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="803" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy">Philosophy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="803" type="text/json">{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1446" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History">Medieval History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1446" type="text/json">{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5408" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magic">Magic</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5408" type="text/json">{"id":5408,"name":"Magic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magic?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6779" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Science">Science</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6779" type="text/json">{"id":6779,"name":"Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Science?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=74965199]'), work: {"id":74965199,"title":"Magic and the origins of modern science","created_at":"2022-03-30T04:29:43.861-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/74965199/Magic_and_the_origins_of_modern_science?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_74965199","summary":"Further important sources of the empiricism of the Scientific Revolution were to be found in the magical tradition, and these influences can be seen at work in a number of areas. They deserve separate consideration here, however, because they have generated considerable historiographical debate [222; 39]. A number of historians of science have refused to accept that something which they see as so irrational could have had any impact whatsoever upon the supremely rational pursuit of science. Their arguments seem to be based on mere prejudice, or on a failure to understand the richness and complexity of the magical tradition.","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":111472,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Henry","domain_name":"edinburgh","page_name":"JohnHenry","display_name":"John Henry","profile_url":"https://edinburgh.academia.edu/JohnHenry?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/111472/30252/55928/s65_john.henry.111472"}],"research_interests":[{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":5408,"name":"Magic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magic?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":6779,"name":"Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Science?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":243629,"name":"Lancet","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lancet?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3094070,"name":"The Lancet","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Lancet?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_63389422" data-work_id="63389422" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/63389422/A_social_ecological_model_of_readiness_for_transition_to_adult_oriented_care_for_adolescents_and_young_adults_with_chronic_health_conditions">A social-ecological model of readiness for transition to adult-oriented care for adolescents and young adults with chronic health conditions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Background Policy and research related to transition to adult care for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) has focused primarily on patient age, disease skills and knowledge. Objective In an effort to broaden conceptualization of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_63389422" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background Policy and research related to transition to adult care for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) has focused primarily on patient age, disease skills and knowledge. Objective In an effort to broaden conceptualization of transition and move beyond isolated patient variables, a new social-ecological model of AYA readiness for transition (SMART) was developed. Methods SMART development was informed by related theories, literature, expert opinion and pilot data collection using a questionnaire developed to assess provider report of SMART components with 100 consecutive patients in a childhood cancer survivorship clinic. Results The literature, expert opinion and pilot data collection support the relevance of SMART components and a social-ecological conceptualization of transition. Provider report revealed that many components, representing more than age, disease knowledge and skills, related to provider plans for transferring patients. Conclusions SMART consists of interrelated constructs of patients, parents and providers with emphasis on variables amenable to intervention. Results support SMART's broadened conceptualization of transition readiness and need for assessment of multiple stakeholders' perspectives of patient transition readiness. A companion measure of SMART, which will be able to be completed by patients, parents and providers, will be developed to target areas of intervention to facilitate optimal transition readiness. Similar research programmes to establish evidence-based transition measures and interventions are needed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/63389422" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f4cfc45d07e5c3eaa9911fa138e8618f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":75835607,"asset_id":63389422,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75835607/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="106003404" href="https://upenn.academia.edu/JillGinsberg">Jill Ginsberg</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="106003404" type="text/json">{"id":106003404,"first_name":"Jill","last_name":"Ginsberg","domain_name":"upenn","page_name":"JillGinsberg","display_name":"Jill Ginsberg","profile_url":"https://upenn.academia.edu/JillGinsberg?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_63389422 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="63389422"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 63389422, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_63389422", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_63389422 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 63389422; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_63389422"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_63389422 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="63389422"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 63389422; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=63389422]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_63389422").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_63389422").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="63389422"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="631" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pediatrics">Pediatrics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="631" type="text/json">{"id":631,"name":"Pediatrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pediatrics?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="922" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education">Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="922" type="text/json">{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17969" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Policy">Health Policy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17969" type="text/json">{"id":17969,"name":"Health Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Policy?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22506" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent">Adolescent</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="22506" type="text/json">{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=63389422]'), work: {"id":63389422,"title":"A social-ecological model of readiness for transition to adult-oriented care for adolescents and young adults with chronic health conditions","created_at":"2021-12-06T18:43:32.320-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/63389422/A_social_ecological_model_of_readiness_for_transition_to_adult_oriented_care_for_adolescents_and_young_adults_with_chronic_health_conditions?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_63389422","summary":"Background Policy and research related to transition to adult care for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) has focused primarily on patient age, disease skills and knowledge. Objective In an effort to broaden conceptualization of transition and move beyond isolated patient variables, a new social-ecological model of AYA readiness for transition (SMART) was developed. Methods SMART development was informed by related theories, literature, expert opinion and pilot data collection using a questionnaire developed to assess provider report of SMART components with 100 consecutive patients in a childhood cancer survivorship clinic. Results The literature, expert opinion and pilot data collection support the relevance of SMART components and a social-ecological conceptualization of transition. Provider report revealed that many components, representing more than age, disease knowledge and skills, related to provider plans for transferring patients. Conclusions SMART consists of interrelated constructs of patients, parents and providers with emphasis on variables amenable to intervention. Results support SMART's broadened conceptualization of transition readiness and need for assessment of multiple stakeholders' perspectives of patient transition readiness. A companion measure of SMART, which will be able to be completed by patients, parents and providers, will be developed to target areas of intervention to facilitate optimal transition readiness. Similar research programmes to establish evidence-based transition measures and interventions are needed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":75835607,"asset_id":63389422,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":106003404,"first_name":"Jill","last_name":"Ginsberg","domain_name":"upenn","page_name":"JillGinsberg","display_name":"Jill Ginsberg","profile_url":"https://upenn.academia.edu/JillGinsberg?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":631,"name":"Pediatrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pediatrics?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":17969,"name":"Health Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Policy?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":97269,"name":"Chronic Disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chronic_Disease?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":97501,"name":"Concept Formation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Concept_Formation?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":172809,"name":"Interpersonal Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interpersonal_Relations?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":174464,"name":"Social Environment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Environment?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":403795,"name":"Paediatric","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paediatric?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":469018,"name":"Neoplasms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neoplasms?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":546419,"name":"Age Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Age_Factors?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":906958,"name":"Disease Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disease_Management?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2518519,"name":"health status indicators","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/health_status_indicators?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_53573461" data-work_id="53573461" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/53573461/Adjunctive_Oral_Ziprasidone_in_Patients_With_Acute_Mania_Treated_With_Lithium_or_Divalproex_Part_1">Adjunctive Oral Ziprasidone in Patients With Acute Mania Treated With Lithium or Divalproex, Part 1</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Objectives: High failure rates of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are well recognized but poorly understood. We report exploratory analyses from an adjunctive ziprasidone double-blind RCT in adults with bipolar I disorder (reported in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_53573461" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Objectives: High failure rates of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are well recognized but poorly understood. We report exploratory analyses from an adjunctive ziprasidone double-blind RCT in adults with bipolar I disorder (reported in part 1 of this article). Data collected by computer interviews and by site-based raters were analyzed to examine the impact of eligibility criteria on signal detection. Method: Clinical assessments and a remote monitoring system, including a computeradministered Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS Comp) were used to categorize subjects as eligible or ineligible on 3 key protocol-specified eligibility criteria. Data analyses compared treatment efficacy for eligible versus ineligible subgroups. All statistical analyses reported here are exploratory. Criteria were considered "impactful" if the difference between eligible and ineligible subjects on the YMRS change scores was ≥ 1 point. Results: 504 subjects had baseline and ≥ 1 post-randomization computer-administered assessments but only 180 (35.7%) met all 3 eligibility criteria based on computer assessments. There were no statistically significant differences between treatment groups in change from baseline YMRS score on the basis of site-based rater or computer assessments. All criteria tested improved signal detection except the entry criteria excluding subjects with ≥ 25% improvement from screen to baseline. Conclusions: On the basis of computer assessments, nearly two-thirds of randomized subjects did not meet at least 1 protocolspecified eligibility criterion. These results suggest enrollment of ineligible subjects is likely to contribute to failure of acute efficacy studies.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/53573461" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="869d48f9f20a457d60cb3b333d15456f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":70354644,"asset_id":53573461,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/70354644/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39581605" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GSachs">Gary Sachs</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39581605" type="text/json">{"id":39581605,"first_name":"Gary","last_name":"Sachs","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GSachs","display_name":"Gary Sachs","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GSachs?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_53573461 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="53573461"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 53573461, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_53573461", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_53573461 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 53573461; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_53573461"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_53573461 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="53573461"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 53573461; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=53573461]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_53573461").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_53573461").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="53573461"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2066" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Design">Research Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2066" type="text/json">{"id":2066,"name":"Research Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Design?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2599" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychometrics">Psychometrics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2599" type="text/json">{"id":2599,"name":"Psychometrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychometrics?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3230" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bipolar_Disorder">Bipolar Disorder</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3230" type="text/json">{"id":3230,"name":"Bipolar Disorder","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bipolar_Disorder?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12426" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome">Treatment Outcome</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="12426" type="text/json">{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=53573461]'), work: {"id":53573461,"title":"Adjunctive Oral Ziprasidone in Patients With Acute Mania Treated With Lithium or Divalproex, Part 1","created_at":"2021-09-27T16:21:16.365-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/53573461/Adjunctive_Oral_Ziprasidone_in_Patients_With_Acute_Mania_Treated_With_Lithium_or_Divalproex_Part_1?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_53573461","summary":"Objectives: High failure rates of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are well recognized but poorly understood. We report exploratory analyses from an adjunctive ziprasidone double-blind RCT in adults with bipolar I disorder (reported in part 1 of this article). Data collected by computer interviews and by site-based raters were analyzed to examine the impact of eligibility criteria on signal detection. Method: Clinical assessments and a remote monitoring system, including a computeradministered Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS Comp) were used to categorize subjects as eligible or ineligible on 3 key protocol-specified eligibility criteria. Data analyses compared treatment efficacy for eligible versus ineligible subgroups. All statistical analyses reported here are exploratory. Criteria were considered \"impactful\" if the difference between eligible and ineligible subjects on the YMRS change scores was ≥ 1 point. Results: 504 subjects had baseline and ≥ 1 post-randomization computer-administered assessments but only 180 (35.7%) met all 3 eligibility criteria based on computer assessments. There were no statistically significant differences between treatment groups in change from baseline YMRS score on the basis of site-based rater or computer assessments. All criteria tested improved signal detection except the entry criteria excluding subjects with ≥ 25% improvement from screen to baseline. Conclusions: On the basis of computer assessments, nearly two-thirds of randomized subjects did not meet at least 1 protocolspecified eligibility criterion. These results suggest enrollment of ineligible subjects is likely to contribute to failure of acute efficacy studies.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":70354644,"asset_id":53573461,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39581605,"first_name":"Gary","last_name":"Sachs","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GSachs","display_name":"Gary Sachs","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GSachs?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2066,"name":"Research Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Design?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":2599,"name":"Psychometrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychometrics?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":3230,"name":"Bipolar Disorder","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bipolar_Disorder?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":133057,"name":"Young Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Young_Adult?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":375314,"name":"Valproic Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Valproic_Acid?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":572282,"name":"Combination drug therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Combination_drug_therapy?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":806503,"name":"Thiazoles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thiazoles?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":914291,"name":"Lithium Carbonate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lithium_Carbonate?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2467529,"name":"Psychiatric Status Rating Scales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychiatric_Status_Rating_Scales?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2943594,"name":"Patient selection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patient_selection?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_66906305" data-work_id="66906305" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/66906305/Uric_acid_and_cardiovascular_risk">Uric acid and cardiovascular risk</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">n engl j med 360;5 nejm.org january 29, 2009 538 Zaman K, Roy E, Arifeen SE, et al. Effectiveness of maternal 1. influenza immunization in mothers and infants. N Engl J Med 2008;359:1555-64. Ali HM, Scott R, Toms GL. The effect of foster... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_66906305" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">n engl j med 360;5 nejm.org january 29, 2009 538 Zaman K, Roy E, Arifeen SE, et al. Effectiveness of maternal 1. influenza immunization in mothers and infants. N Engl J Med 2008;359:1555-64. Ali HM, Scott R, Toms GL. The effect of foster feeding and 2. bottle feeding expressed breast-milk on the susceptibility of guinea-pig infants to influenza virus. Br J Exp Pathol 1989;70: 183-91. Chantry CJ, Howard CR, Auinger P. Full breastfeeding dura3. tion and associated decrease in respiratory tract infection in US children. Pediatrics 2006;117:425-32.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/66906305" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="109209391" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Crist%C3%B3balBueno">Cristóbal Bueno</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="109209391" type="text/json">{"id":109209391,"first_name":"Cristóbal","last_name":"Bueno","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CristóbalBueno","display_name":"Cristóbal Bueno","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Crist%C3%B3balBueno?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/109209391/25600463/24309347/s65_crist_bal.bueno.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_66906305 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="66906305"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 66906305, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_66906305", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_66906305 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66906305; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_66906305"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_66906305 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="66906305"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66906305; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=66906305]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_66906305").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_66906305").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="66906305"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8999" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kidney_diseases">Kidney diseases</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8999" type="text/json">{"id":8999,"name":"Kidney diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kidney_diseases?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71399" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hypertension">Hypertension</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="71399" type="text/json">{"id":71399,"name":"Hypertension","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hypertension?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74780" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mutation">Mutation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="74780" type="text/json">{"id":74780,"name":"Mutation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mutation?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=66906305]'), work: {"id":66906305,"title":"Uric acid and cardiovascular risk","created_at":"2022-01-02T23:30:21.324-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/66906305/Uric_acid_and_cardiovascular_risk?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_66906305","summary":"n engl j med 360;5 nejm.org january 29, 2009 538 Zaman K, Roy E, Arifeen SE, et al. Effectiveness of maternal 1. influenza immunization in mothers and infants. N Engl J Med 2008;359:1555-64. Ali HM, Scott R, Toms GL. The effect of foster feeding and 2. bottle feeding expressed breast-milk on the susceptibility of guinea-pig infants to influenza virus. Br J Exp Pathol 1989;70: 183-91. Chantry CJ, Howard CR, Auinger P. Full breastfeeding dura3. tion and associated decrease in respiratory tract infection in US children. Pediatrics 2006;117:425-32.","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":109209391,"first_name":"Cristóbal","last_name":"Bueno","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CristóbalBueno","display_name":"Cristóbal Bueno","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Crist%C3%B3balBueno?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/109209391/25600463/24309347/s65_crist_bal.bueno.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8999,"name":"Kidney diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kidney_diseases?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":71399,"name":"Hypertension","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hypertension?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":74780,"name":"Mutation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mutation?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":191815,"name":"Biological evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_evolution?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":192721,"name":"Risk factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_factors?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":227305,"name":"Hyperuricemia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hyperuricemia?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":309088,"name":"Uric Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Uric_Acid?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":313857,"name":"Risk Factor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Factor?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":389732,"name":"New England","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_England?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":516151,"name":"Genetic Polymorphism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Polymorphism?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":519447,"name":"Hominidae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hominidae?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":559242,"name":"Cardiovascular Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiovascular_Diseases?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":568482,"name":"Biological markers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_markers?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":620049,"name":"Risk Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Factors-1?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1161066,"name":"New England Journalof Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_England_Journalof_Medicine?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1238050,"name":"Allopurinol","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Allopurinol?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50619177" data-work_id="50619177" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/50619177/5_16_Lifestyle_Enhancement_for_Adhd_Program_Leap_Health_Focused_Parent_Training_Intervention_Effects_on_Physical_Activity_and_Screen_Time_Behaviors_Among_Children_with_Adhd">5.16 Lifestyle Enhancement for Adhd Program (Leap): Health-Focused Parent Training Intervention Effects on Physical Activity and Screen Time Behaviors Among Children with Adhd</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50619177" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42168877" href="https://washington.academia.edu/MichelleKuhn">Michelle Kuhn</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42168877" type="text/json">{"id":42168877,"first_name":"Michelle","last_name":"Kuhn","domain_name":"washington","page_name":"MichelleKuhn","display_name":"Michelle Kuhn","profile_url":"https://washington.academia.edu/MichelleKuhn?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42168877/76550629/65076466/s65_michelle.kuhn.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50619177 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50619177"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50619177, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50619177", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_50619177 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50619177; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_50619177"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_50619177 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50619177"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50619177; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50619177]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_50619177").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_50619177").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="50619177"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2922956" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences">Psychology and Cognitive Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2922956" type="text/json">{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3763225" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences">Medical and Health Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3763225" type="text/json">{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=50619177]'), work: {"id":50619177,"title":"5.16 Lifestyle Enhancement for Adhd Program (Leap): Health-Focused Parent Training Intervention Effects on Physical Activity and Screen Time Behaviors Among Children with Adhd","created_at":"2021-08-03T00:28:05.230-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/50619177/5_16_Lifestyle_Enhancement_for_Adhd_Program_Leap_Health_Focused_Parent_Training_Intervention_Effects_on_Physical_Activity_and_Screen_Time_Behaviors_Among_Children_with_Adhd?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_50619177","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42168877,"first_name":"Michelle","last_name":"Kuhn","domain_name":"washington","page_name":"MichelleKuhn","display_name":"Michelle Kuhn","profile_url":"https://washington.academia.edu/MichelleKuhn?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42168877/76550629/65076466/s65_michelle.kuhn.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_51463434" data-work_id="51463434" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51463434/Perception_and_attitude_towards_mental_illness_in_an_urban_community_in_South_Delhi_A_community_based_study">Perception and attitude towards mental illness in an urban community in South Delhi - A community based study</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">INTRODuCTION Mental health is an indicator of the social life of a population. The rising level of morbidity and mortality is a sign of social as well as individual malaise. [1] In most parts of the world, mental health and mental illness... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_51463434" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">INTRODuCTION Mental health is an indicator of the social life of a population. The rising level of morbidity and mortality is a sign of social as well as individual malaise. [1] In most parts of the world, mental health and mental illness are largely ignored or neglected, resulting in increasing burden of mental disorders in the community and a widening of "treatment gap." [2] Meta-analysis of epidemiological studies reported prevalence of mental illness as 58.2 [3] and 73 [4] per 1000 population in India. However, even after three decades of its launch, National Mental Health Programme is restricted only to 123 districts, that too in the rural region. [5] Urban community in the country, which is exposed to stress of migration, change in family and Original Article Background: Mental illness have been largely ignored or neglected because of a community's perception and attached social stigma. Materials and Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in an urban community in South Delhi to study perception and attitude of the community about towards mental illness. An adult member in household selected by systematic random sampling was interviewed using semi-structured interview schedule for perception about mental illness and 34 item Opinion about Mental Illness for Chinese Community (OMICC) scale Results: A total of 100 adults were interviewed. Mean age of the participants was 35.8 (SD: 12.6) years. Living without tension and satisfaction in routine life were identified as indicators of healthy mental status. Change in the behavior was perceived as the most common symptom of mental illness. Although mental stress was identified as the most common cause of mental illness, 25% attributed it to evil spirits. Keeping surroundings friendly and sharing problems with others were identified as-important preventive measures against mental illness. Mental illness was perceived as treatable; 12% preferred treatment from Tantric/Ojha. Community showed negative attitude for stereotyping, restrictiveness, and pessimistic prediction domains of OMICC scale with mean score of 4.5 (SD: 0.2), 3.9 (SD: 0.9), and 3.8 (SD: 0.4), respectively, with no statistically significant difference across age, sex, and literacy. Conclusion: Study observed lack of awareness regarding bio-medical concept of mental illness with socially restrictive, stereotyping, pessimistic, and non-stigmatizing attitude toward mental illness in the capital city.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/51463434" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="53728486e768b0f611daa73a98f360ad" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":69177942,"asset_id":51463434,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69177942/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="63382139" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RajeshSagar2">Rajesh Sagar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="63382139" type="text/json">{"id":63382139,"first_name":"Rajesh","last_name":"Sagar","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RajeshSagar2","display_name":"Rajesh Sagar","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeshSagar2?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/63382139/77529642/66067928/s65_rajesh.sagar.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_51463434 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="51463434"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51463434, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_51463434", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_51463434 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51463434; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_51463434"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_51463434 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="51463434"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51463434; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51463434]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_51463434").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_51463434").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="51463434"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2922956" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences">Psychology and Cognitive Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2922956" type="text/json">{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3763225" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences">Medical and Health Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3763225" type="text/json">{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=51463434]'), work: {"id":51463434,"title":"Perception and attitude towards mental illness in an urban community in South Delhi - A community based study","created_at":"2021-09-07T20:10:33.712-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/51463434/Perception_and_attitude_towards_mental_illness_in_an_urban_community_in_South_Delhi_A_community_based_study?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_51463434","summary":"INTRODuCTION Mental health is an indicator of the social life of a population. The rising level of morbidity and mortality is a sign of social as well as individual malaise. [1] In most parts of the world, mental health and mental illness are largely ignored or neglected, resulting in increasing burden of mental disorders in the community and a widening of \"treatment gap.\" [2] Meta-analysis of epidemiological studies reported prevalence of mental illness as 58.2 [3] and 73 [4] per 1000 population in India. However, even after three decades of its launch, National Mental Health Programme is restricted only to 123 districts, that too in the rural region. [5] Urban community in the country, which is exposed to stress of migration, change in family and Original Article Background: Mental illness have been largely ignored or neglected because of a community's perception and attached social stigma. Materials and Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in an urban community in South Delhi to study perception and attitude of the community about towards mental illness. An adult member in household selected by systematic random sampling was interviewed using semi-structured interview schedule for perception about mental illness and 34 item Opinion about Mental Illness for Chinese Community (OMICC) scale Results: A total of 100 adults were interviewed. Mean age of the participants was 35.8 (SD: 12.6) years. Living without tension and satisfaction in routine life were identified as indicators of healthy mental status. Change in the behavior was perceived as the most common symptom of mental illness. Although mental stress was identified as the most common cause of mental illness, 25% attributed it to evil spirits. Keeping surroundings friendly and sharing problems with others were identified as-important preventive measures against mental illness. Mental illness was perceived as treatable; 12% preferred treatment from Tantric/Ojha. Community showed negative attitude for stereotyping, restrictiveness, and pessimistic prediction domains of OMICC scale with mean score of 4.5 (SD: 0.2), 3.9 (SD: 0.9), and 3.8 (SD: 0.4), respectively, with no statistically significant difference across age, sex, and literacy. Conclusion: Study observed lack of awareness regarding bio-medical concept of mental illness with socially restrictive, stereotyping, pessimistic, and non-stigmatizing attitude toward mental illness in the capital city.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69177942,"asset_id":51463434,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":63382139,"first_name":"Rajesh","last_name":"Sagar","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RajeshSagar2","display_name":"Rajesh Sagar","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeshSagar2?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/63382139/77529642/66067928/s65_rajesh.sagar.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_71308220" data-work_id="71308220" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/71308220/Effect_of_Drinking_Oxygenated_Water_Assessed_by_in_vivo_MRI_Relaxometry">Effect of Drinking Oxygenated Water Assessed by in vivo MRI Relaxometry</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">GRANT SUPPORT This project was funded by the Research Council of Norway. BACKGROUND Oxygen uptake through the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration of oxygenated water in humans is not well studied and is debated in the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_71308220" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">GRANT SUPPORT This project was funded by the Research Council of Norway. BACKGROUND Oxygen uptake through the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration of oxygenated water in humans is not well studied and is debated in the literature. Due to the paramagnetic properties of oxygen and deoxyhemoglobin, MRI as a technique might be able to detect changes in relaxometry values caused by increased oxygen levels in the blood. PURPOSE To assess whether oxygen dissolved in water is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and transported into the bloodstream after oral administration. STUDY TYPE A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover trial. POPULATION/SUBJECTS Thirty healthy male volunteers age 20-35. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3T/Modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) T1 -mapping and multi fast field echo (mFFE) T2 *-mapping. ASSESSMENT Each volunteer was scanned in two separate sessions. T1 and T2 * maps were acquired repeatedly covering the hepatic portal ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/71308220" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7e0feb55a4009bf0853e912c5c91be88" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":80708181,"asset_id":71308220,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80708181/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="194599677" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CamillaHagler%C3%B8d">Camilla Haglerød</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="194599677" type="text/json">{"id":194599677,"first_name":"Camilla","last_name":"Haglerød","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CamillaHaglerød","display_name":"Camilla Haglerød","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CamillaHagler%C3%B8d?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_71308220 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="71308220"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 71308220, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_71308220", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_71308220 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71308220; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_71308220"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_71308220 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="71308220"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71308220; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71308220]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_71308220").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_71308220").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="71308220"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_Resonance_Imaging">Magnetic Resonance Imaging</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6200" type="text/json">{"id":6200,"name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_Resonance_Imaging?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118582" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences">Physical sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="118582" type="text/json">{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=71308220]'), work: {"id":71308220,"title":"Effect of Drinking Oxygenated Water Assessed by in vivo MRI Relaxometry","created_at":"2022-02-13T01:26:53.999-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/71308220/Effect_of_Drinking_Oxygenated_Water_Assessed_by_in_vivo_MRI_Relaxometry?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_71308220","summary":"GRANT SUPPORT This project was funded by the Research Council of Norway. BACKGROUND Oxygen uptake through the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration of oxygenated water in humans is not well studied and is debated in the literature. Due to the paramagnetic properties of oxygen and deoxyhemoglobin, MRI as a technique might be able to detect changes in relaxometry values caused by increased oxygen levels in the blood. PURPOSE To assess whether oxygen dissolved in water is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and transported into the bloodstream after oral administration. STUDY TYPE A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover trial. POPULATION/SUBJECTS Thirty healthy male volunteers age 20-35. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3T/Modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) T1 -mapping and multi fast field echo (mFFE) T2 *-mapping. ASSESSMENT Each volunteer was scanned in two separate sessions. T1 and T2 * maps were acquired repeatedly covering the hepatic portal ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80708181,"asset_id":71308220,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":194599677,"first_name":"Camilla","last_name":"Haglerød","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CamillaHaglerød","display_name":"Camilla Haglerød","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CamillaHagler%C3%B8d?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":6200,"name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_Resonance_Imaging?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_67356916" data-work_id="67356916" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67356916/Filial_cannibalism_improves_survival_and_development_of_beaugregory_damselfish_embryos">Filial cannibalism improves survival and development of beaugregory damselfish embryos</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Cannibalism of small numbers of offspring by a parent has been proposed as an adaptive parental strategy, by providing energy to support parental care. However, there are few empirical studies to support this hypothesis. We conducted... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_67356916" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Cannibalism of small numbers of offspring by a parent has been proposed as an adaptive parental strategy, by providing energy to support parental care. However, there are few empirical studies to support this hypothesis. We conducted field and laboratory experiments to investigate partial filial cannibalism in Stegastes leucostictus, a coral reef fish with paternal care. Partial cannibalism was shown to be common, and males were found to remove developing embryos from throughout a clutch in a random pattern, rather than in the more aggregated pattern seen during embryo predation. Males that received a diet supplement grew faster than control males, but did not engage in less cannibalism. Also, males did not concentrate cannibalism on early embryonic stages with the highest energetic value. Experimental reduction of embryo densities was found to significantly increase embryo development rate and survival from egg deposition to hatching, and experimental reduction of oxygen levels significantly increased rates of partial filial cannibalism by males. Artificial spawning sites with low oxygen levels were avoided by spawning females, and cannibalism rates by males were higher. We propose that partial filial cannibalism serves as an adaptive parental strategy to low oxygen levels in S. leucostictus by increasing the hatching success of embryos.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/67356916" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="eb765981398e5258f95dc2e625a96c65" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":78204188,"asset_id":67356916,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78204188/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="70376947" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AdamPayne8">Adam Payne</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="70376947" type="text/json">{"id":70376947,"first_name":"Adam","last_name":"Payne","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AdamPayne8","display_name":"Adam Payne","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AdamPayne8?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_67356916 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="67356916"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67356916, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_67356916", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_67356916 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67356916; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_67356916"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_67356916 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67356916"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67356916; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67356916]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_67356916").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_67356916").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="67356916"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4545" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parenting">Parenting</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4545" type="text/json">{"id":4545,"name":"Parenting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parenting?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6320" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cannibalism">Cannibalism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6320" type="text/json">{"id":6320,"name":"Cannibalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cannibalism?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=67356916]'), work: {"id":67356916,"title":"Filial cannibalism improves survival and development of beaugregory damselfish embryos","created_at":"2022-01-06T03:24:15.207-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/67356916/Filial_cannibalism_improves_survival_and_development_of_beaugregory_damselfish_embryos?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_67356916","summary":"Cannibalism of small numbers of offspring by a parent has been proposed as an adaptive parental strategy, by providing energy to support parental care. However, there are few empirical studies to support this hypothesis. We conducted field and laboratory experiments to investigate partial filial cannibalism in Stegastes leucostictus, a coral reef fish with paternal care. Partial cannibalism was shown to be common, and males were found to remove developing embryos from throughout a clutch in a random pattern, rather than in the more aggregated pattern seen during embryo predation. Males that received a diet supplement grew faster than control males, but did not engage in less cannibalism. Also, males did not concentrate cannibalism on early embryonic stages with the highest energetic value. Experimental reduction of embryo densities was found to significantly increase embryo development rate and survival from egg deposition to hatching, and experimental reduction of oxygen levels significantly increased rates of partial filial cannibalism by males. Artificial spawning sites with low oxygen levels were avoided by spawning females, and cannibalism rates by males were higher. We propose that partial filial cannibalism serves as an adaptive parental strategy to low oxygen levels in S. leucostictus by increasing the hatching success of embryos.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78204188,"asset_id":67356916,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":70376947,"first_name":"Adam","last_name":"Payne","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AdamPayne8","display_name":"Adam Payne","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AdamPayne8?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4545,"name":"Parenting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parenting?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":6320,"name":"Cannibalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cannibalism?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":60631,"name":"Parental care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parental_care?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":66586,"name":"Paternity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paternity?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":131994,"name":"Laboratory experiment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_experiment?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":219474,"name":"Empirical Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Empirical_Study?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":371369,"name":"Perciformes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perciformes?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":380825,"name":"Oxygen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxygen?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":413194,"name":"Analysis of Variance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analysis_of_Variance?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":508460,"name":"Coral Reef Fish","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coral_Reef_Fish?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":985598,"name":"Predatory Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predatory_Behavior?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1027717,"name":"Embryos","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embryos?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1259917,"name":"Paternal Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paternal_Care?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1838309,"name":"Embryo Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embryo_Development?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_62240003 coauthored" data-work_id="62240003" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/62240003/Introducing_rotavirus_vaccine_in_the_Universal_Immunization_Programme_in_India_From_evidence_to_policy_to_implementation">Introducing rotavirus vaccine in the Universal Immunization Programme in India: From evidence to policy to implementation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/62240003" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24408841" href="https://sancd.academia.edu/RajShankarGhosh">Raj Shankar S Ghosh</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24408841" type="text/json">{"id":24408841,"first_name":"Raj Shankar","last_name":"Ghosh","domain_name":"sancd","page_name":"RajShankarGhosh","display_name":"Raj Shankar S Ghosh","profile_url":"https://sancd.academia.edu/RajShankarGhosh?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24408841/17085769/17253887/s65_raj_shankar.ghosh.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-62240003">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-62240003"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/robertsteinglass">robert steinglass</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BhriguKapuria">Bhrigu Kapuria</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-62240003'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-62240003').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_62240003 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="62240003"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 62240003, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_62240003", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_62240003 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62240003; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_62240003"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_62240003 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="62240003"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62240003; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=62240003]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_62240003").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_62240003").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="62240003"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="150847" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vaccine">Vaccine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="150847" type="text/json">{"id":150847,"name":"Vaccine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vaccine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3763225" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences">Medical and Health Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3763225" type="text/json">{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=62240003]'), work: {"id":62240003,"title":"Introducing rotavirus vaccine in the Universal Immunization Programme in India: From evidence to policy to implementation","created_at":"2021-11-23T22:29:25.104-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/62240003/Introducing_rotavirus_vaccine_in_the_Universal_Immunization_Programme_in_India_From_evidence_to_policy_to_implementation?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_62240003","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24408841,"first_name":"Raj Shankar","last_name":"Ghosh","domain_name":"sancd","page_name":"RajShankarGhosh","display_name":"Raj Shankar S Ghosh","profile_url":"https://sancd.academia.edu/RajShankarGhosh?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24408841/17085769/17253887/s65_raj_shankar.ghosh.jpg"},{"id":161189256,"first_name":"robert","last_name":"steinglass","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"robertsteinglass","display_name":"robert steinglass","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/robertsteinglass?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":213765962,"first_name":"Bhrigu","last_name":"Kapuria","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BhriguKapuria","display_name":"Bhrigu Kapuria","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BhriguKapuria?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":150847,"name":"Vaccine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vaccine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48125699" data-work_id="48125699" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48125699/Demonic_Males_Apes_and_the_Origins_of_Human_Violence_Demonic_Males_Apes_and_the_Origins_of_Human_Violence">Demonic Males: Apes and the Origins of Human Violence.:Demonic Males: Apes and the Origins of Human Violence</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48125699" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2646716f8e8c449204cf40149db58d0e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66900030,"asset_id":48125699,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66900030/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33363843" href="https://harvard.academia.edu/RWrangham">R. Wrangham</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33363843" type="text/json">{"id":33363843,"first_name":"R.","last_name":"Wrangham","domain_name":"harvard","page_name":"RWrangham","display_name":"R. Wrangham","profile_url":"https://harvard.academia.edu/RWrangham?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/07bf0abceefe536b3480e71f3a69d731?s=65"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48125699 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48125699"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48125699, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48125699", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_48125699 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48125699; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_48125699"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_48125699 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48125699"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48125699; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48125699]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48125699").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48125699").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48125699"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="155" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology">Evolutionary Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="155" type="text/json">{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="767" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology">Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="767" type="text/json">{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="42996" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Journal_of_Physical_Anthropology">American Journal of Physical Anthropology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="42996" type="text/json">{"id":42996,"name":"American Journal of Physical Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Journal_of_Physical_Anthropology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48125699]'), work: {"id":48125699,"title":"Demonic Males: Apes and the Origins of Human Violence.:Demonic Males: Apes and the Origins of Human Violence","created_at":"2021-05-04T01:31:39.304-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48125699/Demonic_Males_Apes_and_the_Origins_of_Human_Violence_Demonic_Males_Apes_and_the_Origins_of_Human_Violence?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_48125699","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66900030,"asset_id":48125699,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33363843,"first_name":"R.","last_name":"Wrangham","domain_name":"harvard","page_name":"RWrangham","display_name":"R. Wrangham","profile_url":"https://harvard.academia.edu/RWrangham?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/07bf0abceefe536b3480e71f3a69d731?s=65"}],"research_interests":[{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":42996,"name":"American Journal of Physical Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Journal_of_Physical_Anthropology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1504413,"name":"JAMA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/JAMA?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2403396,"name":"American Anthropologist","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Anthropologist?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_65221036" data-work_id="65221036" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/65221036/Quantitative_forecasting_of_PTSD_from_early_trauma_responses_A_Machine_Learning_application">Quantitative forecasting of PTSD from early trauma responses: A Machine Learning application</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">There is broad interest in predicting the clinical course of mental disorders from early, multimodal clinical and biological information. Current computational models, however, constitute a significant barrier to realizing this goal. The... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_65221036" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">There is broad interest in predicting the clinical course of mental disorders from early, multimodal clinical and biological information. Current computational models, however, constitute a significant barrier to realizing this goal. The early identification of trauma survivors at risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is plausible given the disorder's salient onset and the abundance of putative biological and clinical risk indicators. This work evaluates the ability of Machine Learning (ML) forecasting approaches to identify and integrate a panel of unique predictive characteristics and determine their accuracy in forecasting non-remitting PTSD from information collected within10 days of a traumatic event. Data on event characteristics, emergency department observations, and early symptoms were collected in 957 trauma survivors, followed for fifteen months. An ML feature selection algorithm identified a set of predictors that rendered all others redundant. Support Vector Machines (SVMs) as well as other ML classification algorithms were used to evaluate the forecasting accuracy of i) ML selected features, ii) all available features without selection, and iii) Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) symptoms alone. SVM also compared the prediction of a) PTSD diagnostic status at 15 months to b) posterior probability of membership in an empirically derived non-remitting PTSD symptom trajectory. Results are expressed as mean Area Under Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve (AUC). The feature selection algorithm identified 16 predictors, present in !95% cross-validation trials. The accuracy of predicting non-remitting PTSD from that set (AUC ¼ .77) did not differ from predicting from all available information (AUC ¼ .78). Predicting from ASD symptoms was not better then chance (AUC ¼ .60). The prediction of PTSD status was less accurate than that of membership in a non-remitting trajectory (AUC ¼ .71). ML methods may fill a critical gap in forecasting PTSD. The ability to identify and integrate unique risk indicators makes this a promising approach for developing algorithms that infer probabilistic risk of chronic posttraumatic stress psychopathology based on complex sources of biological, psychological, and social information.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/65221036" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c0c80210081de928e97204e6bf0d62d8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":76916879,"asset_id":65221036,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/76916879/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="203231173" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AriehShalev1">Arieh Shalev</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="203231173" type="text/json">{"id":203231173,"first_name":"Arieh","last_name":"Shalev","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AriehShalev1","display_name":"Arieh Shalev","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AriehShalev1?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_65221036 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="65221036"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 65221036, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_65221036", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_65221036 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 65221036; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_65221036"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_65221036 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="65221036"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 65221036; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=65221036]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_65221036").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_65221036").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="65221036"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="428" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Algorithms">Algorithms</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="428" type="text/json">{"id":428,"name":"Algorithms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Algorithms?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2008" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning">Machine Learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2008" type="text/json">{"id":2008,"name":"Machine Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=65221036]'), work: {"id":65221036,"title":"Quantitative forecasting of PTSD from early trauma responses: A Machine Learning application","created_at":"2021-12-20T14:10:59.775-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/65221036/Quantitative_forecasting_of_PTSD_from_early_trauma_responses_A_Machine_Learning_application?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_65221036","summary":"There is broad interest in predicting the clinical course of mental disorders from early, multimodal clinical and biological information. Current computational models, however, constitute a significant barrier to realizing this goal. The early identification of trauma survivors at risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is plausible given the disorder's salient onset and the abundance of putative biological and clinical risk indicators. This work evaluates the ability of Machine Learning (ML) forecasting approaches to identify and integrate a panel of unique predictive characteristics and determine their accuracy in forecasting non-remitting PTSD from information collected within10 days of a traumatic event. Data on event characteristics, emergency department observations, and early symptoms were collected in 957 trauma survivors, followed for fifteen months. An ML feature selection algorithm identified a set of predictors that rendered all others redundant. Support Vector Machines (SVMs) as well as other ML classification algorithms were used to evaluate the forecasting accuracy of i) ML selected features, ii) all available features without selection, and iii) Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) symptoms alone. SVM also compared the prediction of a) PTSD diagnostic status at 15 months to b) posterior probability of membership in an empirically derived non-remitting PTSD symptom trajectory. Results are expressed as mean Area Under Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve (AUC). The feature selection algorithm identified 16 predictors, present in !95% cross-validation trials. The accuracy of predicting non-remitting PTSD from that set (AUC ¼ .77) did not differ from predicting from all available information (AUC ¼ .78). Predicting from ASD symptoms was not better then chance (AUC ¼ .60). The prediction of PTSD status was less accurate than that of membership in a non-remitting trajectory (AUC ¼ .71). ML methods may fill a critical gap in forecasting PTSD. The ability to identify and integrate unique risk indicators makes this a promising approach for developing algorithms that infer probabilistic risk of chronic posttraumatic stress psychopathology based on complex sources of biological, psychological, and social information.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":76916879,"asset_id":65221036,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":203231173,"first_name":"Arieh","last_name":"Shalev","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AriehShalev1","display_name":"Arieh Shalev","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AriehShalev1?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":428,"name":"Algorithms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Algorithms?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":2008,"name":"Machine Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":8270,"name":"Forecasting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forecasting?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":192721,"name":"Risk factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_factors?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":549280,"name":"Reproducibility of Results","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproducibility_of_Results?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":621186,"name":"Psychiatric","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychiatric?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1318932,"name":"Predictive value of tests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predictive_value_of_tests?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2467529,"name":"Psychiatric Status Rating Scales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychiatric_Status_Rating_Scales?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_54352414" data-work_id="54352414" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/54352414/Heavy_Metals_Bioremediation_of_Soil">Heavy Metals Bioremediation of Soil</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/54352414" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b149cc138f2b9884263cf66e42df9fe1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":70757861,"asset_id":54352414,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/70757861/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="53702979" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LudoDiels">Ludo Diels</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="53702979" type="text/json">{"id":53702979,"first_name":"Ludo","last_name":"Diels","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LudoDiels","display_name":"Ludo Diels","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LudoDiels?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_54352414 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="54352414"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 54352414, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_54352414", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_54352414 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 54352414; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_54352414"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_54352414 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="54352414"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 54352414; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=54352414]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_54352414").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_54352414").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="54352414"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="923" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology">Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="923" type="text/json">{"id":923,"name":"Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5398" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biotechnology">Biotechnology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5398" type="text/json">{"id":5398,"name":"Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biotechnology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5411" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomass">Biomass</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5411" type="text/json">{"id":5411,"name":"Biomass","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomass?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=54352414]'), work: {"id":54352414,"title":"Heavy Metals Bioremediation of Soil","created_at":"2021-09-30T08:40:35.382-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/54352414/Heavy_Metals_Bioremediation_of_Soil?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_54352414","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":70757861,"asset_id":54352414,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":53702979,"first_name":"Ludo","last_name":"Diels","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LudoDiels","display_name":"Ludo Diels","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LudoDiels?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":923,"name":"Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":5398,"name":"Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biotechnology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":5411,"name":"Biomass","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomass?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":111050,"name":"Heavy Metal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heavy_Metal?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":158165,"name":"Zinc","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zinc?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":158681,"name":"Molecular Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biotechnology?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":213907,"name":"Cadmium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cadmium?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":231547,"name":"Soil Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_Microbiology?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":235565,"name":"Sandy soil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sandy_soil?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":503738,"name":"Heavy Metals Pollution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heavy_Metals_Pollution?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1180273,"name":"Outer Membrane Protein","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Outer_Membrane_Protein?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1292709,"name":"Alcaligenes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alcaligenes?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1365470,"name":"Soil Pollutants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_Pollutants?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_66332217" data-work_id="66332217" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/66332217/Gyullad%C3%A1s_vagy_daganat">Gyulladás vagy daganat?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Összefoglaló. A lateralis cysticus nyaki terimék két leggyakoribb oka a branchiogen cysta és a cysticus nyaki áttét. Az átfedő lokalizáció (a leggyakrabban a IIA nyaki régióban), a betegek életkora és az esetenként hirtelen kezdet alapján... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_66332217" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Összefoglaló. A lateralis cysticus nyaki terimék két leggyakoribb oka a branchiogen cysta és a cysticus nyaki áttét. Az átfedő lokalizáció (a leggyakrabban a IIA nyaki régióban), a betegek életkora és az esetenként hirtelen kezdet alapján a két leggyakoribb ok differenciáldiagnózisa nagy kihívást jelenthet. Egy hirtelen fellépő fájdalmas, bal oldali nyaki duzzanattal, dysphagiával és lázzal jelentkező 72 éves férfi esetét ismertetjük. A nyak komputertomográfiás vizsgálata egy 6 cm legnagyobb átmérőjű, vastag falú, többrekeszes cysticus terimét igazolt. Infektív branchiogen cysta lehetőségére gondolva az elváltozást eltávolítottuk. A szövettan azonban p16-pozitív laphámrákot igazolt. A primer tumort végül az ipsilateralis tonsilla palatina állományában sikerült azonosítani. A beteg definitív radioterápiában részesült, és 18 hónappal a diagnózis után tumormentes. A nyaki cystákon, az infektív nyaki cystákon és a cysticus metastasisokon kívül a humán papillómavírussal összefüggő szájga...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/66332217" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dae5ab63f35dbabe4aae72210d5cd5ff" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":77567091,"asset_id":66332217,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/77567091/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="87414143" href="https://ud-mhsc.academia.edu/KrisztinaSzarka">Krisztina Szarka</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="87414143" type="text/json">{"id":87414143,"first_name":"Krisztina","last_name":"Szarka","domain_name":"ud-mhsc","page_name":"KrisztinaSzarka","display_name":"Krisztina Szarka","profile_url":"https://ud-mhsc.academia.edu/KrisztinaSzarka?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/87414143/156233943/145862381/s65_krisztina.szarka.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_66332217 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="66332217"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 66332217, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_66332217", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_66332217 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66332217; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_66332217"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_66332217 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="66332217"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66332217; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=66332217]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_66332217").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_66332217").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="66332217"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3763225" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences">Medical and Health Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3763225" type="text/json">{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=66332217]'), work: {"id":66332217,"title":"Gyulladás vagy daganat?","created_at":"2021-12-29T01:42:04.546-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/66332217/Gyullad%C3%A1s_vagy_daganat?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_66332217","summary":"Összefoglaló. A lateralis cysticus nyaki terimék két leggyakoribb oka a branchiogen cysta és a cysticus nyaki áttét. Az átfedő lokalizáció (a leggyakrabban a IIA nyaki régióban), a betegek életkora és az esetenként hirtelen kezdet alapján a két leggyakoribb ok differenciáldiagnózisa nagy kihívást jelenthet. Egy hirtelen fellépő fájdalmas, bal oldali nyaki duzzanattal, dysphagiával és lázzal jelentkező 72 éves férfi esetét ismertetjük. A nyak komputertomográfiás vizsgálata egy 6 cm legnagyobb átmérőjű, vastag falú, többrekeszes cysticus terimét igazolt. Infektív branchiogen cysta lehetőségére gondolva az elváltozást eltávolítottuk. A szövettan azonban p16-pozitív laphámrákot igazolt. A primer tumort végül az ipsilateralis tonsilla palatina állományában sikerült azonosítani. A beteg definitív radioterápiában részesült, és 18 hónappal a diagnózis után tumormentes. A nyaki cystákon, az infektív nyaki cystákon és a cysticus metastasisokon kívül a humán papillómavírussal összefüggő szájga...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":77567091,"asset_id":66332217,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":87414143,"first_name":"Krisztina","last_name":"Szarka","domain_name":"ud-mhsc","page_name":"KrisztinaSzarka","display_name":"Krisztina Szarka","profile_url":"https://ud-mhsc.academia.edu/KrisztinaSzarka?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/87414143/156233943/145862381/s65_krisztina.szarka.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_61706547" data-work_id="61706547" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/61706547/Mobile_Telephone_Delivered_Contingency_Management_interventions_promoting_behaviour_change_in_individuals_with_substance_use_disorders_A_meta_analysis">Mobile Telephone‐Delivered Contingency Management interventions promoting behaviour change in individuals with substance use disorders: A meta‐analysis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Background/aims Contingency management (CM) interventions have gained considerable interest due to their success in the treatment of addiction. However, their implementation can be resource-intensive for clinical staff. Mobile... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_61706547" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background/aims Contingency management (CM) interventions have gained considerable interest due to their success in the treatment of addiction. However, their implementation can be resource-intensive for clinical staff. Mobile telephonebased systems might offer a low-cost alternative. This approach could facilitate remote monitoring of behaviour and delivery of the reinforcer and minimize issues of staffing and resources. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the evidence for the effectiveness of mobile telephone-delivered CM interventions to promote abstinence (from drugs, alcohol and tobacco), medication adherence and treatment engagement among individuals with substance use disorders. Design A systematic search of databases (PsychINFO, CINAHL, MEDLINE PubMed, CENTRAL, Embase) for randomized controlled trials and within-subject design studies (1995-2019). The review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO. Setting All included studies originated in the United states. Participants Seven studies were found, including 222 participants; two targeted alcohol abstinence among frequent drinkers and four targeted smoking cessation (in homeless veterans and those with post-traumatic stress disorder). One targeted medication adherence. Measures The efficacy of CM to increase alcohol and nicotine abstinence was compared with control using several outcomes; percentage of negative samples (PNS), quit rate (QR) and longest duration abstinent (LDA) at the end of the intervention. Findings The random-effects meta-analyses produced pooled effect sizes of; PNS [d = 0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.63-1.25], LDA (d = 1.08, 95% CI = 0.69-1.46) and QR (d = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.27-0.66), demonstrating better outcomes across the CM conditions. Most of the studies were rated as of moderate quality. 'Fail-safe N' computations for PNS indicated that 50 studies would be needed to produce a non-significant overall effect size. None could be calculated for QR and LDA due to insufficient number of studies. Conclusion Mobile telephonedelivered contingency management performs significantly better than control conditions in reducing tobacco and alcohol use among adults not in treatment for substance use disorders.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/61706547" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cff0d9b154d428fa0b66afb4bc88cd64" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":74676876,"asset_id":61706547,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74676876/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26427520" href="https://kcl.academia.edu/AnaMorande">Ana Morande</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26427520" type="text/json">{"id":26427520,"first_name":"Ana","last_name":"Morande","domain_name":"kcl","page_name":"AnaMorande","display_name":"Ana Morande","profile_url":"https://kcl.academia.edu/AnaMorande?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_61706547 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="61706547"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 61706547, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_61706547", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_61706547 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61706547; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_61706547"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_61706547 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61706547"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61706547; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61706547]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_61706547").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_61706547").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="61706547"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2483" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Addiction">Addiction</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2483" type="text/json">{"id":2483,"name":"Addiction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Addiction?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2922956" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences">Psychology and Cognitive Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2922956" type="text/json">{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3763225" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences">Medical and Health Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3763225" type="text/json">{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=61706547]'), work: {"id":61706547,"title":"Mobile Telephone‐Delivered Contingency Management interventions promoting behaviour change in individuals with substance use disorders: A meta‐analysis","created_at":"2021-11-15T06:31:42.216-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/61706547/Mobile_Telephone_Delivered_Contingency_Management_interventions_promoting_behaviour_change_in_individuals_with_substance_use_disorders_A_meta_analysis?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_61706547","summary":"Background/aims Contingency management (CM) interventions have gained considerable interest due to their success in the treatment of addiction. However, their implementation can be resource-intensive for clinical staff. Mobile telephonebased systems might offer a low-cost alternative. This approach could facilitate remote monitoring of behaviour and delivery of the reinforcer and minimize issues of staffing and resources. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the evidence for the effectiveness of mobile telephone-delivered CM interventions to promote abstinence (from drugs, alcohol and tobacco), medication adherence and treatment engagement among individuals with substance use disorders. Design A systematic search of databases (PsychINFO, CINAHL, MEDLINE PubMed, CENTRAL, Embase) for randomized controlled trials and within-subject design studies (1995-2019). The review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO. Setting All included studies originated in the United states. Participants Seven studies were found, including 222 participants; two targeted alcohol abstinence among frequent drinkers and four targeted smoking cessation (in homeless veterans and those with post-traumatic stress disorder). One targeted medication adherence. Measures The efficacy of CM to increase alcohol and nicotine abstinence was compared with control using several outcomes; percentage of negative samples (PNS), quit rate (QR) and longest duration abstinent (LDA) at the end of the intervention. Findings The random-effects meta-analyses produced pooled effect sizes of; PNS [d = 0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.63-1.25], LDA (d = 1.08, 95% CI = 0.69-1.46) and QR (d = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.27-0.66), demonstrating better outcomes across the CM conditions. Most of the studies were rated as of moderate quality. 'Fail-safe N' computations for PNS indicated that 50 studies would be needed to produce a non-significant overall effect size. None could be calculated for QR and LDA due to insufficient number of studies. Conclusion Mobile telephonedelivered contingency management performs significantly better than control conditions in reducing tobacco and alcohol use among adults not in treatment for substance use disorders.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":74676876,"asset_id":61706547,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26427520,"first_name":"Ana","last_name":"Morande","domain_name":"kcl","page_name":"AnaMorande","display_name":"Ana Morande","profile_url":"https://kcl.academia.edu/AnaMorande?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2483,"name":"Addiction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Addiction?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_55891479" data-work_id="55891479" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/55891479/When_is_error_correction_just_error_correction">When is error-correction just error-correction?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/55891479" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2a501bd4460d19fe65cc3cb903732721" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":71545755,"asset_id":55891479,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/71545755/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34377927" href="https://spanalumni.academia.edu/PaulSchrater">Paul Schrater</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34377927" type="text/json">{"id":34377927,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Schrater","domain_name":"spanalumni","page_name":"PaulSchrater","display_name":"Paul Schrater","profile_url":"https://spanalumni.academia.edu/PaulSchrater?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34377927/11592596/12927943/s65_paul.schrater.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_55891479 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="55891479"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 55891479, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_55891479", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_55891479 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 55891479; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_55891479"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_55891479 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="55891479"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 55891479; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=55891479]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_55891479").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_55891479").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="55891479"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="59692" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vision">Vision</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="59692" type="text/json">{"id":59692,"name":"Vision","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vision?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2922956" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences">Psychology and Cognitive Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2922956" type="text/json">{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3763225" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences">Medical and Health Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3763225" type="text/json">{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=55891479]'), work: {"id":55891479,"title":"When is error-correction just error-correction?","created_at":"2021-10-06T03:03:00.867-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/55891479/When_is_error_correction_just_error_correction?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_55891479","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":71545755,"asset_id":55891479,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34377927,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Schrater","domain_name":"spanalumni","page_name":"PaulSchrater","display_name":"Paul Schrater","profile_url":"https://spanalumni.academia.edu/PaulSchrater?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34377927/11592596/12927943/s65_paul.schrater.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":59692,"name":"Vision","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vision?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_47301380" data-work_id="47301380" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47301380/Color_vision_From_genes_to_perception">Color vision: From genes to perception</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/47301380" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dc281fe8ee119a3fec3bcec7d5ec3335" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66466041,"asset_id":47301380,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66466041/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="40955644" href="https://liverpool.academia.edu/SWuerger">Sophie Wuerger</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="40955644" type="text/json">{"id":40955644,"first_name":"Sophie","last_name":"Wuerger","domain_name":"liverpool","page_name":"SWuerger","display_name":"Sophie Wuerger","profile_url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/SWuerger?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40955644/63387106/51692462/s65_sophie.wuerger.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_47301380 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="47301380"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 47301380, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_47301380", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_47301380 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 47301380; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_47301380"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_47301380 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="47301380"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 47301380; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=47301380]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_47301380").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_47301380").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="47301380"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="161" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuroscience">Neuroscience</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="161" type="text/json">{"id":161,"name":"Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuroscience?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="237" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="237" type="text/json">{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="115645" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Color_Vision">Color Vision</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="115645" type="text/json">{"id":115645,"name":"Color Vision","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Color_Vision?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="250581" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Vision_Science">Optometry and Vision Science</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="250581" type="text/json">{"id":250581,"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Vision_Science?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=47301380]'), work: {"id":47301380,"title":"Color vision: From genes to perception","created_at":"2021-04-21T11:29:24.192-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/47301380/Color_vision_From_genes_to_perception?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_47301380","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66466041,"asset_id":47301380,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":40955644,"first_name":"Sophie","last_name":"Wuerger","domain_name":"liverpool","page_name":"SWuerger","display_name":"Sophie Wuerger","profile_url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/SWuerger?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40955644/63387106/51692462/s65_sophie.wuerger.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":161,"name":"Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuroscience?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":115645,"name":"Color Vision","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Color_Vision?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":250581,"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Vision_Science?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":1239755,"name":"Neurosciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurosciences?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3133167,"name":"Color Application","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Color_Application?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_73633780" data-work_id="73633780" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73633780/Cerebellar_afferent_projections_from_the_perihypoglossal_nuclei_An_experimental_study_with_the_method_of_retrograde_axonal_transport_of_horseradish_peroxidase">Cerebellar afferent projections from the perihypoglossal nuclei: An experimental study with the method of retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Details of cerebellar afferent projections from the perihypoglossal nuclei were studied in the cat by means of retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Labeled cells were observed bilaterally (with a preponderance... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_73633780" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Details of cerebellar afferent projections from the perihypoglossal nuclei were studied in the cat by means of retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Labeled cells were observed bilaterally (with a preponderance ipsilaterally) in nuclei intercalatus and praepositus hypoglossi following injections in various folia of the entire vermis, paraflocculus, flocculus, fastigial nucleus, and the nucleus interpositus anterior and posterior. Relatively high densities of labeled cells were found in nucleus intercalatus following injections in the anterior part of the vermis, whereas labeled cells in nucleus praepositus hypoglossi were found more frequently following injections in the posterior part of the vermis. Labeled cells in the nucleus of Roller were found only following injections in the anterior lobe vermis, posterior vermal lobules VI and VII, in the flocculus and in the nucleus interpositus anterior. No labeled cells could be detected in the three subdivisions of the perihypoglossal nuclei following HRP injections in crus I, crus II, paramedian lobule, and lateral cerebellar nucleus. The distribution of the HRP positive cells indicated the presence of a topographically organized projection from certain regions of the perihypoglossal nuclei to different parts of the cerebellum. The afferent and efferent connections of the perihypoglossal nuclei in relation to a functional role in eye and head movements are discussed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/73633780" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f95b351c0c0134ac9152909f3b582efb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83843641,"asset_id":73633780,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83843641/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6127817" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NaiphinichKotchabhakdi">Naiphinich Kotchabhakdi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6127817" type="text/json">{"id":6127817,"first_name":"Naiphinich","last_name":"Kotchabhakdi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NaiphinichKotchabhakdi","display_name":"Naiphinich Kotchabhakdi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NaiphinichKotchabhakdi?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_73633780 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="73633780"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 73633780, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_73633780", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_73633780 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 73633780; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_73633780"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_73633780 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="73633780"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 73633780; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=73633780]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_73633780").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_73633780").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="73633780"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="523" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="523" type="text/json">{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="41088" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cats">Cats</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="41088" type="text/json">{"id":41088,"name":"Cats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cats?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="65615" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cerebellum">Cerebellum</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="65615" type="text/json">{"id":65615,"name":"Cerebellum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cerebellum?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=73633780]'), work: {"id":73633780,"title":"Cerebellar afferent projections from the perihypoglossal nuclei: An experimental study with the method of retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase","created_at":"2022-03-12T20:32:23.159-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/73633780/Cerebellar_afferent_projections_from_the_perihypoglossal_nuclei_An_experimental_study_with_the_method_of_retrograde_axonal_transport_of_horseradish_peroxidase?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_73633780","summary":"Details of cerebellar afferent projections from the perihypoglossal nuclei were studied in the cat by means of retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Labeled cells were observed bilaterally (with a preponderance ipsilaterally) in nuclei intercalatus and praepositus hypoglossi following injections in various folia of the entire vermis, paraflocculus, flocculus, fastigial nucleus, and the nucleus interpositus anterior and posterior. Relatively high densities of labeled cells were found in nucleus intercalatus following injections in the anterior part of the vermis, whereas labeled cells in nucleus praepositus hypoglossi were found more frequently following injections in the posterior part of the vermis. Labeled cells in the nucleus of Roller were found only following injections in the anterior lobe vermis, posterior vermal lobules VI and VII, in the flocculus and in the nucleus interpositus anterior. No labeled cells could be detected in the three subdivisions of the perihypoglossal nuclei following HRP injections in crus I, crus II, paramedian lobule, and lateral cerebellar nucleus. The distribution of the HRP positive cells indicated the presence of a topographically organized projection from certain regions of the perihypoglossal nuclei to different parts of the cerebellum. The afferent and efferent connections of the perihypoglossal nuclei in relation to a functional role in eye and head movements are discussed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83843641,"asset_id":73633780,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6127817,"first_name":"Naiphinich","last_name":"Kotchabhakdi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NaiphinichKotchabhakdi","display_name":"Naiphinich Kotchabhakdi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NaiphinichKotchabhakdi?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":41088,"name":"Cats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cats?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":65615,"name":"Cerebellum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cerebellum?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":215075,"name":"Experimental Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Study?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2426000,"name":"Brain stem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brain_stem?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2777058,"name":"Axonal transport","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Axonal_transport?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3443535,"name":"High density","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_density?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_47023909" data-work_id="47023909" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47023909/Az_els%C5%91_tapasztalatok_a_palliat%C3%ADv_onkoteamrendszer_m%C5%B1k%C3%B6d%C3%A9s%C3%A9vel_kapcsolatban_a_P%C3%A9csi_Tudom%C3%A1nyegyetemen">Az első tapasztalatok a palliatív onkoteamrendszer működésével kapcsolatban a Pécsi Tudományegyetemen</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Absztrakt: Bevezetés és célkitűzés: Az előrehaladott, áttétes daganatos betegek megfelelő tüneti és életvégi ellátása, illetve ennek elérése komoly kihívás minden egészségügyi ellátó számára. A palliatív onkoteamrendszer kialakításával... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_47023909" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Absztrakt: Bevezetés és célkitűzés: Az előrehaladott, áttétes daganatos betegek megfelelő tüneti és életvégi ellátása, illetve ennek elérése komoly kihívás minden egészségügyi ellátó számára. A palliatív onkoteamrendszer kialakításával célunk a betegek időbeni palliatív ellátásba vonása és a konzekvencia nélküli sürgősségi kivizsgálások és ellátások számának lehetőség szerinti csökkentése volt. Módszer és eredmények: A palliatív onkoteam megbeszéléseit kéthetente tartottuk meg; a team állandó tagjai palliatív szakorvos, onkológus, belgyógyász, pszichiáter, szakápoló, pszichológus voltak, de időszakosan más szakemberek is csatlakoztak. 2019 májusa és 2020 januárja között 93, előrehaladott stádiumú daganatos betegnél 97 eseti megbeszélést tartottunk, egy-egy ülésen 6–10 beteg esetét tárgyaltuk végig. Minden esetben meghatároztuk a beteg további palliatív ellátásának formáját (szakrendelésen jelentkezés, otthoni szakellátás, intézeti elhelyezés) és azt, hogy adott esetben még szóba jön...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/47023909" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e47c02809d85dd33fc0c731004ff5385" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66340424,"asset_id":47023909,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66340424/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37344237" href="https://pte.academia.edu/R%C3%B3bertAlm%C3%A1si">Róbert Almási</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37344237" type="text/json">{"id":37344237,"first_name":"Róbert","last_name":"Almási","domain_name":"pte","page_name":"RóbertAlmási","display_name":"Róbert Almási","profile_url":"https://pte.academia.edu/R%C3%B3bertAlm%C3%A1si?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/37344237/10579252/11807814/s65_r_bert.alm_si.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_47023909 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="47023909"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 47023909, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_47023909", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_47023909 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 47023909; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_47023909"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_47023909 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="47023909"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 47023909; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=47023909]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_47023909").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_47023909").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="47023909"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3763225" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences">Medical and Health Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3763225" type="text/json">{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=47023909]'), work: {"id":47023909,"title":"Az első tapasztalatok a palliatív onkoteamrendszer működésével kapcsolatban a Pécsi Tudományegyetemen","created_at":"2021-04-20T12:04:56.639-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/47023909/Az_els%C5%91_tapasztalatok_a_palliat%C3%ADv_onkoteamrendszer_m%C5%B1k%C3%B6d%C3%A9s%C3%A9vel_kapcsolatban_a_P%C3%A9csi_Tudom%C3%A1nyegyetemen?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_47023909","summary":"Absztrakt: Bevezetés és célkitűzés: Az előrehaladott, áttétes daganatos betegek megfelelő tüneti és életvégi ellátása, illetve ennek elérése komoly kihívás minden egészségügyi ellátó számára. A palliatív onkoteamrendszer kialakításával célunk a betegek időbeni palliatív ellátásba vonása és a konzekvencia nélküli sürgősségi kivizsgálások és ellátások számának lehetőség szerinti csökkentése volt. Módszer és eredmények: A palliatív onkoteam megbeszéléseit kéthetente tartottuk meg; a team állandó tagjai palliatív szakorvos, onkológus, belgyógyász, pszichiáter, szakápoló, pszichológus voltak, de időszakosan más szakemberek is csatlakoztak. 2019 májusa és 2020 januárja között 93, előrehaladott stádiumú daganatos betegnél 97 eseti megbeszélést tartottunk, egy-egy ülésen 6–10 beteg esetét tárgyaltuk végig. Minden esetben meghatároztuk a beteg további palliatív ellátásának formáját (szakrendelésen jelentkezés, otthoni szakellátás, intézeti elhelyezés) és azt, hogy adott esetben még szóba jön...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66340424,"asset_id":47023909,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37344237,"first_name":"Róbert","last_name":"Almási","domain_name":"pte","page_name":"RóbertAlmási","display_name":"Róbert Almási","profile_url":"https://pte.academia.edu/R%C3%B3bertAlm%C3%A1si?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/37344237/10579252/11807814/s65_r_bert.alm_si.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_67344117" data-work_id="67344117" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/67344117/Depressive_Symptoms_and_Suicidal_Ideation_Among_Lawyers_and_Other_Law_Professionals">Depressive Symptoms and Suicidal Ideation Among Lawyers and Other Law Professionals</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">To examine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation, their comorbidity, and associated risk factors in adolescence. A self-administered questionnaire was completed in class by students in three middle schools (grades 6... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_67344117" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">To examine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation, their comorbidity, and associated risk factors in adolescence. A self-administered questionnaire was completed in class by students in three middle schools (grades 6 through 8) enrolling more than 3,200 students. Usable questionnaires were obtained from 2,614 (81.5%), of which 924 were Anglo and 1,354 were of Mexican origin Depression was measured using the 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and suicidal ideation using four items on thoughts of death and suicide. The minority adolescents reported significantly higher crude prevalence rates of symptoms of depression and thoughts of suicide than their Anglo counterparts. Prevalence rates were highest for females of Mexican origin. There was a strong association between depression and suicidal ideation in both ethnic groups. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated significant correlates of depressive symptoms were suicidal ideation (adjusted odds ratio = 10.9), loneliness, and use of English, in that order. Significant correlates of suicidal ideation were depression (adjusted odds ratio = 10.6), loneliness, two-parent household, use of English, and being of Mexican origin. More than 80% of those with high ratings on suicidal ideation scored as depressed in both ethnic groups. Results are consistent with other studies suggesting rates of suicidal ideation among adolescents are in the 10% to 20% range, while rates of depressive symptoms are in the 35% to 50% range using standard caseness scores. Mexican-American youths appear to be at higher risk than Anglo youths, particularly for suicidal ideation. In addition, it appears that youths who are lonely are more likely to report higher rates of both depression and suicidal ideation. The data also indicate that youths who spoke only or mostly English reported lower rates of depression and suicidal ideation, suggesting that acculturation may play a role as well.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/67344117" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="28684248" href="https://upenn.academia.edu/MarthaKnudson">Martha Knudson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="28684248" type="text/json">{"id":28684248,"first_name":"Martha","last_name":"Knudson","domain_name":"upenn","page_name":"MarthaKnudson","display_name":"Martha Knudson","profile_url":"https://upenn.academia.edu/MarthaKnudson?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28684248/8129957/9099661/s65_martha.knudson.jpg_oh_69d5a6e2787c591acbe90f469e0641fd_oe_55af11ac___gda___1438321967_3344075917f0c4a3811868c0aa054445"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_67344117 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="67344117"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67344117, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_67344117", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_67344117 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67344117; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_67344117"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_67344117 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67344117"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67344117; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67344117]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_67344117").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_67344117").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="67344117"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="588" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nursing">Nursing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="588" type="text/json">{"id":588,"name":"Nursing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nursing?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22506" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent">Adolescent</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22506" type="text/json">{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="30494" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/England">England</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="30494" type="text/json">{"id":30494,"name":"England","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/England?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43881" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexico">Mexico</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="43881" type="text/json">{"id":43881,"name":"Mexico","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexico?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=67344117]'), work: {"id":67344117,"title":"Depressive Symptoms and Suicidal Ideation Among Lawyers and Other Law Professionals","created_at":"2022-01-06T01:45:39.285-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/67344117/Depressive_Symptoms_and_Suicidal_Ideation_Among_Lawyers_and_Other_Law_Professionals?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_67344117","summary":"To examine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation, their comorbidity, and associated risk factors in adolescence. A self-administered questionnaire was completed in class by students in three middle schools (grades 6 through 8) enrolling more than 3,200 students. Usable questionnaires were obtained from 2,614 (81.5%), of which 924 were Anglo and 1,354 were of Mexican origin Depression was measured using the 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and suicidal ideation using four items on thoughts of death and suicide. The minority adolescents reported significantly higher crude prevalence rates of symptoms of depression and thoughts of suicide than their Anglo counterparts. Prevalence rates were highest for females of Mexican origin. There was a strong association between depression and suicidal ideation in both ethnic groups. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated significant correlates of depressive symptoms were suicidal ideation (adjusted odds ratio = 10.9), loneliness, and use of English, in that order. Significant correlates of suicidal ideation were depression (adjusted odds ratio = 10.6), loneliness, two-parent household, use of English, and being of Mexican origin. More than 80% of those with high ratings on suicidal ideation scored as depressed in both ethnic groups. Results are consistent with other studies suggesting rates of suicidal ideation among adolescents are in the 10% to 20% range, while rates of depressive symptoms are in the 35% to 50% range using standard caseness scores. Mexican-American youths appear to be at higher risk than Anglo youths, particularly for suicidal ideation. In addition, it appears that youths who are lonely are more likely to report higher rates of both depression and suicidal ideation. The data also indicate that youths who spoke only or mostly English reported lower rates of depression and suicidal ideation, suggesting that acculturation may play a role as well.","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":28684248,"first_name":"Martha","last_name":"Knudson","domain_name":"upenn","page_name":"MarthaKnudson","display_name":"Martha Knudson","profile_url":"https://upenn.academia.edu/MarthaKnudson?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28684248/8129957/9099661/s65_martha.knudson.jpg_oh_69d5a6e2787c591acbe90f469e0641fd_oe_55af11ac___gda___1438321967_3344075917f0c4a3811868c0aa054445"}],"research_interests":[{"id":588,"name":"Nursing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nursing?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":30494,"name":"England","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/England?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":43881,"name":"Mexico","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexico?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":64933,"name":"Child","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":98134,"name":"United States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":115029,"name":"Loneliness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Loneliness?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":118928,"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child_and_Adolescent_Psychology?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":157943,"name":"Depressive Disorder","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Depressive_Disorder?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":192721,"name":"Risk factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_factors?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":617771,"name":"MEXICO","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MEXICO-2015?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":620049,"name":"Risk Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Factors-1?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1181690,"name":"Adolescent Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent_Behavior?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1294746,"name":"Attempted Suicide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Attempted_Suicide?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1834376,"name":"Occupational and environmental medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Occupational_and_environmental_medicine?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_73633721" data-work_id="73633721" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73633721/Characterization_of_the_Hyperphagic_Response_to_Dietary_Fat_in_the_MC4R_Knockout_Mouse">Characterization of the Hyperphagic Response to Dietary Fat in the MC4R Knockout Mouse</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Defective melanocortin signaling causes hyperphagic obesity in humans and the melanocortin-4 receptor knockout mouse (MC4R Ϫ/Ϫ ). The human disease most commonly presents, however, as haploinsufficiency of the MC4R. This study validates... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_73633721" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Defective melanocortin signaling causes hyperphagic obesity in humans and the melanocortin-4 receptor knockout mouse (MC4R Ϫ/Ϫ ). The human disease most commonly presents, however, as haploinsufficiency of the MC4R. This study validates the MC4R ϩ/Ϫ mouse as a model of the human disease in that, like the MC4R Ϫ/Ϫ , the MC4R ϩ/Ϫ mouse also exhibits a sustained hyperphagic response to dietary fat. Furthermore, both saturated and monounsaturated fats elicit this response. N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE) is a signaling lipid induced after several hours of high-fat feeding, that, if dysregulated, might explain the feeding behavior in melanocortin obesity syndrome. Remarkably, however, MC4R Ϫ/Ϫ mice produce elevated levels of NAPE and are fully responsive to the anorexigenic activity of NAPE and oleoylethanolamide. Interestingly, additional differences in N-acylethanolamine (NAE) biochemistry were seen in MC4R Ϫ/Ϫ animals, including reduced plasma NAE levels and elevated hypothalamic levels of fatty acid amide hydrolase expression. Thus, while reduced expression of NAPE or NAE does not explain the high-fat hyperphagia in the melanocortin obesity syndrome, alterations in this family of signaling lipids are evident. Analysis of the microstructure of feeding behavior in response to dietary fat in the MC4R Ϫ/Ϫ and MC4R ϩ/Ϫ mice indicates that the high-fat hyperphagia involves defective satiation and an increased rate of food intake, suggesting defective satiety signaling and enhanced reward value of dietary fat.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/73633721" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b709ccba77ef255302e432cff74eab6c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83843578,"asset_id":73633721,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83843578/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6127817" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NaiphinichKotchabhakdi">Naiphinich Kotchabhakdi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6127817" type="text/json">{"id":6127817,"first_name":"Naiphinich","last_name":"Kotchabhakdi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NaiphinichKotchabhakdi","display_name":"Naiphinich Kotchabhakdi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NaiphinichKotchabhakdi?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_73633721 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="73633721"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 73633721, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_73633721", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_73633721 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 73633721; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_73633721"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_73633721 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="73633721"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 73633721; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=73633721]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_73633721").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_73633721").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="73633721"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="154" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endocrinology">Endocrinology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="154" type="text/json">{"id":154,"name":"Endocrinology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endocrinology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74780" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mutation">Mutation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="74780" type="text/json">{"id":74780,"name":"Mutation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mutation?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="84760" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice">Mice</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="84760" type="text/json">{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=73633721]'), work: {"id":73633721,"title":"Characterization of the Hyperphagic Response to Dietary Fat in the MC4R Knockout Mouse","created_at":"2022-03-12T20:28:57.865-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/73633721/Characterization_of_the_Hyperphagic_Response_to_Dietary_Fat_in_the_MC4R_Knockout_Mouse?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_73633721","summary":"Defective melanocortin signaling causes hyperphagic obesity in humans and the melanocortin-4 receptor knockout mouse (MC4R Ϫ/Ϫ ). The human disease most commonly presents, however, as haploinsufficiency of the MC4R. This study validates the MC4R ϩ/Ϫ mouse as a model of the human disease in that, like the MC4R Ϫ/Ϫ , the MC4R ϩ/Ϫ mouse also exhibits a sustained hyperphagic response to dietary fat. Furthermore, both saturated and monounsaturated fats elicit this response. N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE) is a signaling lipid induced after several hours of high-fat feeding, that, if dysregulated, might explain the feeding behavior in melanocortin obesity syndrome. Remarkably, however, MC4R Ϫ/Ϫ mice produce elevated levels of NAPE and are fully responsive to the anorexigenic activity of NAPE and oleoylethanolamide. Interestingly, additional differences in N-acylethanolamine (NAE) biochemistry were seen in MC4R Ϫ/Ϫ animals, including reduced plasma NAE levels and elevated hypothalamic levels of fatty acid amide hydrolase expression. Thus, while reduced expression of NAPE or NAE does not explain the high-fat hyperphagia in the melanocortin obesity syndrome, alterations in this family of signaling lipids are evident. Analysis of the microstructure of feeding behavior in response to dietary fat in the MC4R Ϫ/Ϫ and MC4R ϩ/Ϫ mice indicates that the high-fat hyperphagia involves defective satiation and an increased rate of food intake, suggesting defective satiety signaling and enhanced reward value of dietary fat.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83843578,"asset_id":73633721,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6127817,"first_name":"Naiphinich","last_name":"Kotchabhakdi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NaiphinichKotchabhakdi","display_name":"Naiphinich Kotchabhakdi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NaiphinichKotchabhakdi?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":154,"name":"Endocrinology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endocrinology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":74780,"name":"Mutation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mutation?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":194427,"name":"Hyperphagia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hyperphagia?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1763968,"name":"Gene Expression Regulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_Expression_Regulation?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2348526,"name":"Dietary fats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dietary_fats?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_74972537" data-work_id="74972537" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74972537/The_genetic_epidemiology_of_self_esteem">The genetic epidemiology of self-esteem</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">BackgroundPrevious studies on self-esteem have focused exclusively on its psychosocial determinants. The goal of the present study is to clarify genetic v. environmental determinants of self-esteem.MethodParticipants were Caucasian women... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_74972537" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">BackgroundPrevious studies on self-esteem have focused exclusively on its psychosocial determinants. The goal of the present study is to clarify genetic v. environmental determinants of self-esteem.MethodParticipants were Caucasian women sampled from the Virginia Twin Register: 363 pairs of MZ and 238 pairs of DZ twins were available from the first wave of the study, and 430 pairs of MZ and 308 pairs of DZ twins from the second. Self-esteem was assessed with the Rosenberg&#39;s Self-Esteem Scale.ResultsUsing univariate twin analyses of self-esteem and a repeated measurement twin model, we found that self-esteem is a moderately heritable trait (heritability = 52% in the repeated measurement model); environmental influences are also very important, and are probably mostly not shared by members of a twin pair.ConclusionsAetiological models of self-esteem which examine only psychosocial factors are incomplete; genetic factors need to be integrated.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/74972537" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="63260cde093a4f3c8d1e746b84b51fe5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82930572,"asset_id":74972537,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82930572/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="639401" href="https://vcu.academia.edu/MichaelNeale">Michael Neale</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="639401" type="text/json">{"id":639401,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Neale","domain_name":"vcu","page_name":"MichaelNeale","display_name":"Michael Neale","profile_url":"https://vcu.academia.edu/MichaelNeale?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/639401/219956/257080/s65_michael.neale.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_74972537 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="74972537"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74972537, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_74972537", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_74972537 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74972537; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_74972537"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_74972537 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74972537"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74972537; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74972537]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_74972537").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_74972537").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="74972537"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1087" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Epidemiology">Genetic Epidemiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1087" type="text/json">{"id":1087,"name":"Genetic Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Epidemiology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2672" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Personality">Personality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2672" type="text/json">{"id":2672,"name":"Personality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Personality?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=74972537]'), work: {"id":74972537,"title":"The genetic epidemiology of self-esteem","created_at":"2022-03-30T05:58:56.916-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/74972537/The_genetic_epidemiology_of_self_esteem?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_74972537","summary":"BackgroundPrevious studies on self-esteem have focused exclusively on its psychosocial determinants. The goal of the present study is to clarify genetic v. environmental determinants of self-esteem.MethodParticipants were Caucasian women sampled from the Virginia Twin Register: 363 pairs of MZ and 238 pairs of DZ twins were available from the first wave of the study, and 430 pairs of MZ and 308 pairs of DZ twins from the second. Self-esteem was assessed with the Rosenberg\u0026#39;s Self-Esteem Scale.ResultsUsing univariate twin analyses of self-esteem and a repeated measurement twin model, we found that self-esteem is a moderately heritable trait (heritability = 52% in the repeated measurement model); environmental influences are also very important, and are probably mostly not shared by members of a twin pair.ConclusionsAetiological models of self-esteem which examine only psychosocial factors are incomplete; genetic factors need to be integrated.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82930572,"asset_id":74972537,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":639401,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Neale","domain_name":"vcu","page_name":"MichaelNeale","display_name":"Michael Neale","profile_url":"https://vcu.academia.edu/MichaelNeale?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/639401/219956/257080/s65_michael.neale.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":1087,"name":"Genetic Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Epidemiology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":2672,"name":"Personality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Personality?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":95411,"name":"Personality Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Personality_Development?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":174464,"name":"Social Environment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Environment?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":213897,"name":"Phenotype","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phenotype?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":321147,"name":"Self Concept","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_Concept?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_55284244" data-work_id="55284244" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/55284244/Scholarly_Research_in_Marketing_Exploring_the_4_Eras_of_Thought_Development">Scholarly Research in Marketing: Exploring the “4 Eras” of Thought Development</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Today&#39;s body of marketing thought is expanding geometrically, pushing frontiers in numerous domains—quantitatively, behaviorally, strategically—with much enhanced technology and on an increasingly globalized basis. As this pushes... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_55284244" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Today&#39;s body of marketing thought is expanding geometrically, pushing frontiers in numerous domains—quantitatively, behaviorally, strategically—with much enhanced technology and on an increasingly globalized basis. As this pushes forward on many fronts, however, it is also worthwhile to ask what is in danger of being left behind. What is the benefit, if any, of discerning the roots of this field? On the basis of an extended look across the last century of marketing thought, this article paints a wide-ranging portrait of (1) the general course that has been taken by the body of marketing thought over its “4 Eras” and (2) how the treatment of societal dimensions of marketing has fared during each period. On the basis of these findings, the authors pose several key issues for further consideration by interested thinkers concerned with the progress of marketing scholarship.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/55284244" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1a92c6e1dfb515668adf4b7206749f21" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":71227012,"asset_id":55284244,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/71227012/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37493118" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WilkieWilliam">William Wilkie</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37493118" type="text/json">{"id":37493118,"first_name":"William","last_name":"Wilkie","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WilkieWilliam","display_name":"William Wilkie","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WilkieWilliam?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_55284244 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="55284244"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 55284244, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_55284244", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_55284244 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 55284244; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_55284244"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_55284244 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="55284244"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 55284244; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=55284244]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_55284244").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_55284244").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="55284244"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2019217" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Policy_and_Marketing-1">Public Policy and Marketing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2019217" type="text/json">{"id":2019217,"name":"Public Policy and Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Policy_and_Marketing-1?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3763225" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences">Medical and Health Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3763225" type="text/json">{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=55284244]'), work: {"id":55284244,"title":"Scholarly Research in Marketing: Exploring the “4 Eras” of Thought Development","created_at":"2021-10-03T19:32:43.346-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/55284244/Scholarly_Research_in_Marketing_Exploring_the_4_Eras_of_Thought_Development?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_55284244","summary":"Today\u0026#39;s body of marketing thought is expanding geometrically, pushing frontiers in numerous domains—quantitatively, behaviorally, strategically—with much enhanced technology and on an increasingly globalized basis. As this pushes forward on many fronts, however, it is also worthwhile to ask what is in danger of being left behind. What is the benefit, if any, of discerning the roots of this field? On the basis of an extended look across the last century of marketing thought, this article paints a wide-ranging portrait of (1) the general course that has been taken by the body of marketing thought over its “4 Eras” and (2) how the treatment of societal dimensions of marketing has fared during each period. On the basis of these findings, the authors pose several key issues for further consideration by interested thinkers concerned with the progress of marketing scholarship.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":71227012,"asset_id":55284244,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37493118,"first_name":"William","last_name":"Wilkie","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WilkieWilliam","display_name":"William Wilkie","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WilkieWilliam?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2019217,"name":"Public Policy and Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Policy_and_Marketing-1?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45537926" data-work_id="45537926" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45537926/The_anatomy_and_physiology_of_pre_attachment_bovine_embryos">The anatomy and physiology of pre-attachment bovine embryos</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45537926" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5c5d1ea8f66162ec7c5c5ac08e83c2b6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66019595,"asset_id":45537926,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66019595/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="118862969" href="https://independent.academia.edu/jacquesflechon">jacques flechon</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="118862969" type="text/json">{"id":118862969,"first_name":"jacques","last_name":"flechon","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"jacquesflechon","display_name":"jacques flechon","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/jacquesflechon?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45537926 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45537926"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45537926, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45537926", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_45537926 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45537926; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_45537926"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_45537926 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="45537926"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45537926; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45537926]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45537926").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45537926").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45537926"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43820" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theriogenology">Theriogenology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="43820" type="text/json">{"id":43820,"name":"Theriogenology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theriogenology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1027717" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embryos">Embryos</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1027717" type="text/json">{"id":1027717,"name":"Embryos","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embryos?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3763225" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences">Medical and Health Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3763225" type="text/json">{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45537926]'), work: {"id":45537926,"title":"The anatomy and physiology of pre-attachment bovine embryos","created_at":"2021-03-15T09:20:15.172-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45537926/The_anatomy_and_physiology_of_pre_attachment_bovine_embryos?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_45537926","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66019595,"asset_id":45537926,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":118862969,"first_name":"jacques","last_name":"flechon","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"jacquesflechon","display_name":"jacques flechon","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/jacquesflechon?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":43820,"name":"Theriogenology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theriogenology?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":1027717,"name":"Embryos","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embryos?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_55035589" data-work_id="55035589" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/55035589/A_meta_analysis_of_the_prevalence_of_different_functions_of_non_suicidal_self_injury">A meta-analysis of the prevalence of different functions of non-suicidal self-injury</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A broad variety of different functions can underlie acts of Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). Whilst research so far has identified many of the commonly reported functions, no reliable estimates of prevalence currently exist for these... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_55035589" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A broad variety of different functions can underlie acts of Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). Whilst research so far has identified many of the commonly reported functions, no reliable estimates of prevalence currently exist for these different NSSI functions. Understanding the prevalence of NSSI functions represents a key to better understanding the phenomenology of NSSI and addressing the differing needs of the NSSI population. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of NSSI functions in community and clinical samples. A literature search of electronic databases PsycINFO, Medline, and Web of Science from date of inception to March 2017 was undertaken. A pre-specified framework for categorising different functions of NSSI was used to collate data from across studies. A random-effects meta-analysis of prevalence was then undertaken on these data. Intrapersonal functions (66-81%), and especially those concerning emotion regulation were most commonly report...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/55035589" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5253f478a33b9ecc377c5c85869ac2fc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":71103392,"asset_id":55035589,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/71103392/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="125979236" href="https://manchester.academia.edu/UjalaShahmalak">Ujala Shahmalak</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="125979236" type="text/json">{"id":125979236,"first_name":"Ujala","last_name":"Shahmalak","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"UjalaShahmalak","display_name":"Ujala Shahmalak","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/UjalaShahmalak?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_55035589 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="55035589"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 55035589, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_55035589", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_55035589 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 55035589; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_55035589"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_55035589 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="55035589"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 55035589; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=55035589]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_55035589").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_55035589").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="55035589"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="67516" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Affective_Disorders">Affective Disorders</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="67516" type="text/json">{"id":67516,"name":"Affective Disorders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Affective_Disorders?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2922956" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences">Psychology and Cognitive Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2922956" type="text/json">{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3763225" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences">Medical and Health Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3763225" type="text/json">{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=55035589]'), work: {"id":55035589,"title":"A meta-analysis of the prevalence of different functions of non-suicidal self-injury","created_at":"2021-10-03T02:12:19.423-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/55035589/A_meta_analysis_of_the_prevalence_of_different_functions_of_non_suicidal_self_injury?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_55035589","summary":"A broad variety of different functions can underlie acts of Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). Whilst research so far has identified many of the commonly reported functions, no reliable estimates of prevalence currently exist for these different NSSI functions. Understanding the prevalence of NSSI functions represents a key to better understanding the phenomenology of NSSI and addressing the differing needs of the NSSI population. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of NSSI functions in community and clinical samples. A literature search of electronic databases PsycINFO, Medline, and Web of Science from date of inception to March 2017 was undertaken. A pre-specified framework for categorising different functions of NSSI was used to collate data from across studies. A random-effects meta-analysis of prevalence was then undertaken on these data. Intrapersonal functions (66-81%), and especially those concerning emotion regulation were most commonly report...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":71103392,"asset_id":55035589,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":125979236,"first_name":"Ujala","last_name":"Shahmalak","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"UjalaShahmalak","display_name":"Ujala Shahmalak","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/UjalaShahmalak?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":67516,"name":"Affective Disorders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Affective_Disorders?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_78455389" data-work_id="78455389" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/78455389/Mental_health_nursing_staffs_attitudes_towards_mental_illness_an_analysis_of_related_factors">Mental health nursing staff's attitudes towards mental illness: an analysis of related factors</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">• Employer/workplaces have an impact on mental health nursing staff's general attitudes towards persons with mental illness. • Staff have more positive attitudes if their knowledge about mental illness is less stigmatized and currently... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_78455389" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">• Employer/workplaces have an impact on mental health nursing staff's general attitudes towards persons with mental illness. • Staff have more positive attitudes if their knowledge about mental illness is less stigmatized and currently have or have once had a close friend with mental problem. • More favourable attitudes among staff towards persons with mental illness could be developed and transmitted in the subculture at work places.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/78455389" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="77d407e7fa35a2f7ad76bf5fd60e9a7c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":85517912,"asset_id":78455389,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85517912/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMzc0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="52054915" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GuilhermePimenta4">Guilherme Randley</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="52054915" type="text/json">{"id":52054915,"first_name":"Guilherme","last_name":"Randley","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GuilhermePimenta4","display_name":"Guilherme Randley","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GuilhermePimenta4?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/52054915/80221031/150270764/s65_guilherme.pimenta.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_78455389 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="78455389"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 78455389, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_78455389", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_78455389 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 78455389; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_78455389"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_78455389 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="78455389"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 78455389; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=78455389]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_78455389").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_78455389").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="78455389"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="588" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nursing">Nursing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="588" type="text/json">{"id":588,"name":"Nursing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nursing?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="635" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychiatry">Psychiatry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="635" type="text/json">{"id":635,"name":"Psychiatry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychiatry?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2827" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mental_Health">Mental Health</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2827" type="text/json">{"id":2827,"name":"Mental Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mental_Health?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4259" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stigma">Stigma</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4259" type="text/json">{"id":4259,"name":"Stigma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stigma?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=78455389]'), work: {"id":78455389,"title":"Mental health nursing staff's attitudes towards mental illness: an analysis of related factors","created_at":"2022-05-04T12:23:53.693-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/78455389/Mental_health_nursing_staffs_attitudes_towards_mental_illness_an_analysis_of_related_factors?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_78455389","summary":"• Employer/workplaces have an impact on mental health nursing staff's general attitudes towards persons with mental illness. • Staff have more positive attitudes if their knowledge about mental illness is less stigmatized and currently have or have once had a close friend with mental problem. • More favourable attitudes among staff towards persons with mental illness could be developed and transmitted in the subculture at work places.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":85517912,"asset_id":78455389,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":52054915,"first_name":"Guilherme","last_name":"Randley","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GuilhermePimenta4","display_name":"Guilherme Randley","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GuilhermePimenta4?f_ri=3763225","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/52054915/80221031/150270764/s65_guilherme.pimenta.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":588,"name":"Nursing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nursing?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":635,"name":"Psychiatry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychiatry?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":2827,"name":"Mental Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mental_Health?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":4259,"name":"Stigma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stigma?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":35141,"name":"Mental Illness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mental_Illness?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":1771442,"name":"Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychiatric_Mental_Health_Nursing?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_72563630 coauthored" data-work_id="72563630" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/72563630/Ribosomal_protein_S6_kinase_beta_1_gene_variants_cause_hypertrophic_cardiomyopathy">Ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 gene variants cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">BackgroundHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic heart muscle disease with preserved or increased ejection fraction in the absence of secondary causes. Mutations in the sarcomeric protein-encoding genes predominantly cause HCM.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_72563630" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">BackgroundHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic heart muscle disease with preserved or increased ejection fraction in the absence of secondary causes. Mutations in the sarcomeric protein-encoding genes predominantly cause HCM. However, relatively little is known about the genetic impact of signalling proteins on HCM.Methods and resultsHere, using exome and targeted sequencing methods, we analysed two independent cohorts comprising 401 Indian patients with HCM and 3521 Indian controls. We identified novel variants in ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 (RPS6KB1 or S6K1) gene in two unrelated Indian families as a potential candidate gene for HCM. The two unrelated HCM families had the same heterozygous missense S6K1 variant (p.G47W). In a replication association study, we identified two S6K1 heterozygotes variants (p.Q49K and p.Y62H) in the UK Biobank cardiomyopathy cohort (n=190) compared with matched controls (n=16 479). These variants are neither detected in region-specific...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/72563630" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="217311396" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ThiagarajanSairam">Thiagarajan Sairam</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="217311396" type="text/json">{"id":217311396,"first_name":"Thiagarajan","last_name":"Sairam","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ThiagarajanSairam","display_name":"Thiagarajan Sairam","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ThiagarajanSairam?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-72563630">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-72563630"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://tifrh.academia.edu/HarshilChittora">Harshil Chittora</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/DeepakKashyap92">Deepak Kashyap</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-72563630'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-72563630').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_72563630 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="72563630"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 72563630, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_72563630", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_72563630 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72563630; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_72563630"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_72563630 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="72563630"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72563630; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=72563630]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_72563630").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_72563630").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="72563630"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2568" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Genetics">Medical Genetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2568" type="text/json">{"id":2568,"name":"Medical Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Genetics?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3763225" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences">Medical and Health Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3763225" type="text/json">{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=72563630]'), work: {"id":72563630,"title":"Ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 gene variants cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","created_at":"2022-02-27T20:15:21.413-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/72563630/Ribosomal_protein_S6_kinase_beta_1_gene_variants_cause_hypertrophic_cardiomyopathy?f_ri=3763225","dom_id":"work_72563630","summary":"BackgroundHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic heart muscle disease with preserved or increased ejection fraction in the absence of secondary causes. Mutations in the sarcomeric protein-encoding genes predominantly cause HCM. However, relatively little is known about the genetic impact of signalling proteins on HCM.Methods and resultsHere, using exome and targeted sequencing methods, we analysed two independent cohorts comprising 401 Indian patients with HCM and 3521 Indian controls. We identified novel variants in ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 (RPS6KB1 or S6K1) gene in two unrelated Indian families as a potential candidate gene for HCM. The two unrelated HCM families had the same heterozygous missense S6K1 variant (p.G47W). In a replication association study, we identified two S6K1 heterozygotes variants (p.Q49K and p.Y62H) in the UK Biobank cardiomyopathy cohort (n=190) compared with matched controls (n=16 479). These variants are neither detected in region-specific...","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":217311396,"first_name":"Thiagarajan","last_name":"Sairam","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ThiagarajanSairam","display_name":"Thiagarajan Sairam","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ThiagarajanSairam?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":159997164,"first_name":"Harshil","last_name":"Chittora","domain_name":"tifrh","page_name":"HarshilChittora","display_name":"Harshil Chittora","profile_url":"https://tifrh.academia.edu/HarshilChittora?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":217295224,"first_name":"Deepak","last_name":"Kashyap","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DeepakKashyap92","display_name":"Deepak Kashyap","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DeepakKashyap92?f_ri=3763225","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2568,"name":"Medical Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Genetics?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3763225","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="u-taCenter Pagination"><ul class="pagination"><li class="next_page"><a href="/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?after=50%2C72563630" rel="next">Next</a></li><li class="last next"><a href="/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?page=last">Last »</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"><div class="u-pl6x"><div style="width: 300px;"></div></div></div></div></div><script>// MIT License // Copyright © 2011 Sebastian Tschan, https://blueimp.net // Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of // this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in // the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to // use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of // the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, // subject to the following conditions: // The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all // copies or substantial portions of the Software. // THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR // IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS // FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR // COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER // IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN // CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. !function(n){"use strict";function d(n,t){var r=(65535&n)+(65535&t);return(n>>16)+(t>>16)+(r>>16)<<16|65535&r}function f(n,t,r,e,o,u){return d((c=d(d(t,n),d(e,u)))<<(f=o)|c>>>32-f,r);var c,f}function l(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t&r|~t&e,n,t,o,u,c)}function v(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t&e|r&~e,n,t,o,u,c)}function g(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t^r^e,n,t,o,u,c)}function m(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(r^(t|~e),n,t,o,u,c)}function i(n,t){var r,e,o,u;n[t>>5]|=128<<t%32,n[14+(t+64>>>9<<4)]=t;for(var c=1732584193,f=-271733879,i=-1732584194,a=271733878,h=0;h<n.length;h+=16)c=l(r=c,e=f,o=i,u=a,n[h],7,-680876936),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+1],12,-389564586),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+2],17,606105819),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+3],22,-1044525330),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+4],7,-176418897),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+5],12,1200080426),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+6],17,-1473231341),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+7],22,-45705983),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+8],7,1770035416),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+9],12,-1958414417),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+10],17,-42063),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+11],22,-1990404162),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+12],7,1804603682),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+13],12,-40341101),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+14],17,-1502002290),c=v(c,f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+15],22,1236535329),i,a,n[h+1],5,-165796510),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+6],9,-1069501632),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+11],14,643717713),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h],20,-373897302),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+5],5,-701558691),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+10],9,38016083),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+15],14,-660478335),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+4],20,-405537848),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+9],5,568446438),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+14],9,-1019803690),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+3],14,-187363961),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+8],20,1163531501),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+13],5,-1444681467),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+2],9,-51403784),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+7],14,1735328473),c=g(c,f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+12],20,-1926607734),i,a,n[h+5],4,-378558),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+8],11,-2022574463),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+11],16,1839030562),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+14],23,-35309556),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+1],4,-1530992060),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+4],11,1272893353),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+7],16,-155497632),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+10],23,-1094730640),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+13],4,681279174),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h],11,-358537222),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+3],16,-722521979),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+6],23,76029189),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+9],4,-640364487),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+12],11,-421815835),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+15],16,530742520),c=m(c,f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+2],23,-995338651),i,a,n[h],6,-198630844),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+7],10,1126891415),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+14],15,-1416354905),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+5],21,-57434055),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+12],6,1700485571),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+3],10,-1894986606),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+10],15,-1051523),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+1],21,-2054922799),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+8],6,1873313359),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+15],10,-30611744),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+6],15,-1560198380),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+13],21,1309151649),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+4],6,-145523070),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+11],10,-1120210379),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+2],15,718787259),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+9],21,-343485551),c=d(c,r),f=d(f,e),i=d(i,o),a=d(a,u);return[c,f,i,a]}function a(n){for(var t="",r=32*n.length,e=0;e<r;e+=8)t+=String.fromCharCode(n[e>>5]>>>e%32&255);return t}function h(n){var t=[];for(t[(n.length>>2)-1]=void 0,e=0;e<t.length;e+=1)t[e]=0;for(var r=8*n.length,e=0;e<r;e+=8)t[e>>5]|=(255&n.charCodeAt(e/8))<<e%32;return t}function e(n){for(var t,r="0123456789abcdef",e="",o=0;o<n.length;o+=1)t=n.charCodeAt(o),e+=r.charAt(t>>>4&15)+r.charAt(15&t);return e}function r(n){return unescape(encodeURIComponent(n))}function o(n){return a(i(h(t=r(n)),8*t.length));var t}function u(n,t){return function(n,t){var r,e,o=h(n),u=[],c=[];for(u[15]=c[15]=void 0,16<o.length&&(o=i(o,8*n.length)),r=0;r<16;r+=1)u[r]=909522486^o[r],c[r]=1549556828^o[r];return e=i(u.concat(h(t)),512+8*t.length),a(i(c.concat(e),640))}(r(n),r(t))}function t(n,t,r){return t?r?u(t,n):e(u(t,n)):r?o(n):e(o(n))}"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(function(){return t}):"object"==typeof module&&module.exports?module.exports=t:n.md5=t}(this);</script><script>window.AbTest = (function() { return { 'ab_test': (uniqueId, test_name, buckets) => { let override = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).get(`ab_test[${test_name}]`); if ( override ) { return override; } const bucketNames = buckets.map((bucket) => { return typeof bucket === 'string' ? bucket : Object.keys(bucket)[0]; }); const weights = buckets.map((bucket) => { return typeof bucket === 'string' ? 1 : Object.values(bucket)[0]; }); const total = weights.reduce((sum, weight) => sum + weight); const hash = md5(`${uniqueId}${test_name}`); const hashNum = parseInt(hash.slice(-12), 16); let bucketPoint = total * (hashNum % 100000) / 100000; const bucket = bucketNames.find((_, i) => { if (weights[i] > bucketPoint) { return true; } bucketPoint -= weights[i]; return false; }); return bucket; } }; })();</script><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><script>function onGoogleOneTapEvent(event) { var momentType = event.getMomentType(); var momentReason = null; if (event.isNotDisplayed()) { momentReason = event.getNotDisplayedReason(); } else if (event.isSkippedMoment()) { momentReason = event.getSkippedReason(); } else if (event.isDismissedMoment()) { momentReason = event.getDismissedReason(); } Aedu.arbitraryEvents.write('GoogleOneTapEvent', { moment_type: momentType, moment_reason: momentReason, }); }</script><script>(function() { var auvid = unescape( document.cookie .split(/; ?/) .find((s) => s.startsWith('auvid')) .substring(6)); var bucket = AbTest.ab_test(auvid, 'lo_ri_one_tap_google_sign_on', ['control', 'one_tap_google_sign_on']); if (bucket === 'control') return; var oneTapTag = document.createElement('script') oneTapTag.async = true oneTapTag.defer = true oneTapTag.src = 'https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client' document.body.appendChild(oneTapTag) })();</script></div></div></div> </div> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; } .sign-in-with-apple-button > div { margin: 0 auto; / This centers the Apple-rendered button horizontally }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span   ="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "6835de99f3ad49feece1f31d4edf73d4a89459922b9d37855e427eaaeba50902", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="HfhA8x2JIvgxo5U0WFUV-NJeJ3t8OSPVpU4FnCxpsjT95a8ZdKdtITEx2vap-SbSWxys6KYItcpcsx_TGgu2_A" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="ZFHm--Mp6fCr0sFlcgmSoLoqun9lcfeUmEDGwuPvFcWETAkRigemKatAjqeDpaGKM2gx7L9AYYthvdyN1Y0RDQ" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><script src="https://recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> <script> var invisibleRecaptchaSubmit = function () { var closestForm = function (ele) { var curEle = ele.parentNode; while (curEle.nodeName !== 'FORM' && curEle.nodeName !== 'BODY'){ curEle = curEle.parentNode; } return curEle.nodeName === 'FORM' ? curEle : null }; var eles = document.getElementsByClassName('g-recaptcha'); if (eles.length > 0) { var form = closestForm(eles[0]); if (form) { form.submit(); } } }; </script> <input type="submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" data-callback="invisibleRecaptchaSubmit" class="g-recaptcha btn btn-primary btn-block" value="Email me a link" value=""/> </form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account? <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div class="bootstrap" id="footer"><div class="footer-content clearfix text-center padding-top-7x" style="width:100%;"><ul class="footer-links-secondary footer-links-wide list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/journals">Academia.edu Journals</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg> <strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg> <strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer-links-tertiary list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li class="small">Find new research papers in:</li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="DesignSystem" id="credit" style="width:100%;"><ul class="u-pl0x footer-links-legal list-inline"><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia ©2025</li></ul></div><script> //<![CDATA[ window.detect_gmtoffset = true; window.Academia && window.Academia.set_gmtoffset && Academia.set_gmtoffset('/gmtoffset'); //]]> </script> <div id='overlay_background'></div> <div id='bootstrap-modal-container' class='bootstrap'></div> <div id='ds-modal-container' class='bootstrap DesignSystem'></div> <div id='full-screen-modal'></div> </div> </body> </html>