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class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 39 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%85" title="الجمهورية الكازاخية الاشتراكية السوفيتية ذاتية الحكم – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الجمهورية الكازاخية الاشتراكية السوفيتية ذاتية الحكم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qazax%C4%B1stan_Muxtar_Sovet_Sosialist_Respublikas%C4%B1" title="Qazaxıstan Muxtar Sovet Sosialist Respublikası – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qazaxıstan Muxtar Sovet Sosialist Respublikası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D1%9E%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Казахская Аўтаномная Сацыялістычная Савецкая Рэспубліка – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Казахская Аўтаномная Сацыялістычная Савецкая Рэспубліка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D1%9E%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Казаская Аўтаномная Сацыялістычная Савецкая Рэспубліка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Казаская Аўтаномная Сацыялістычная Савецкая Рэспубліка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Казахска автономна социалистическа съветска република – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Казахска автономна социалистическа съветска република" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Socialista_Sovi%C3%A8tica_Aut%C3%B2noma_Kazakh" title="República Socialista Soviètica Autònoma Kazakh – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="República Socialista Soviètica Autònoma Kazakh" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaza%C5%A1sk%C3%A1_autonomn%C3%AD_sov%C4%9Btsk%C3%A1_socialistick%C3%A1_republika" title="Kazašská autonomní sovětská socialistická republika – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kazašská autonomní sovětská socialistická republika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasachische_Autonome_Sozialistische_Sowjetrepublik" title="Kasachische Autonome Sozialistische Sowjetrepublik – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kasachische Autonome Sozialistische Sowjetrepublik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasahhi_ANSV" title="Kasahhi ANSV – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kasahhi ANSV" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%B6%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%91%CF%85%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B7_%CE%A3%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Καζακική Αυτόνομη Σοβιετική Σοσιαλιστική Δημοκρατία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Καζακική Αυτόνομη Σοβιετική Σοσιαλιστική Δημοκρατία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_aut%C3%B3noma_socialista_sovi%C3%A9tica_de_Kazajist%C3%A1n" title="República autónoma socialista soviética de Kazajistán – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="República autónoma socialista soviética de Kazajistán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%82%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C" title="جمهوری سوسیالیستی خودگردان قزاقستان شوروی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جمهوری سوسیالیستی خودگردان قزاقستان شوروی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_sovi%C3%A9tique_socialiste_autonome_kazakhe" title="République soviétique socialiste autonome kazakhe – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="République soviétique socialiste autonome kazakhe" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EC%9E%90%ED%9D%90_%EC%9E%90%EC%B9%98_%EC%86%8C%EB%B9%84%EC%97%90%ED%8A%B8_%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98_%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="카자흐 자치 소비에트 사회주의 공화국 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="카자흐 자치 소비에트 사회주의 공화국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%82%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%BB%D4%BD%D5%8D%D5%80" title="Ղազախական ԻԽՍՀ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ղազախական ԻԽՍՀ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Sosialis_Soviet_Otonomi_Kazakhstan" title="Republik Sosialis Soviet Otonomi Kazakhstan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Republik Sosialis Soviet Otonomi Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repubblica_Socialista_Sovietica_Autonoma_Kazaka" title="Repubblica Socialista Sovietica Autonoma Kazaka – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Repubblica Socialista Sovietica Autonoma Kazaka" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%97%E1%83%90_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ყაზახეთის ავტონომიური საბჭოთა სოციალისტური რესპუბლიკა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ყაზახეთის ავტონომიური საბჭოთა სოციალისტური რესპუბლიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D2%9B_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D2%A3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Қазақ Автономиялы Кеңестік Социалистік Республикасы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қазақ Автономиялы Кеңестік Социалистік Республикасы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazahu_Autonom%C4%81_Soci%C4%81listisk%C4%81_Padomju_Republika" title="Kazahu Autonomā Sociālistiskā Padomju Republika – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kazahu Autonomā Sociālistiskā Padomju Republika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakijos_ATSR" title="Kazakijos ATSR – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kazakijos ATSR" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazah_Auton%C3%B3m_Szovjet_Szocialista_K%C3%B6zt%C3%A1rsas%C3%A1g" title="Kazah Autonóm Szovjet Szocialista Köztársaság – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kazah Autonóm Szovjet Szocialista Köztársaság" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Казашка Автономна Социјалистичка Советска Република – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Казашка Автономна Социјалистичка Советска Република" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachse_Autonome_Socialistische_Sovjetrepubliek" title="Kazachse Autonome Socialistische Sovjetrepubliek – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kazachse Autonome Socialistische Sovjetrepubliek" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%82%B6%E3%83%95%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E3%82%BD%E3%83%93%E3%82%A8%E3%83%88%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="カザフ自治ソビエト社会主義共和国 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カザフ自治ソビエト社会主義共和国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Кхазакхийн Автономин Советийн Социалистийн Республика – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Кхазакхийн Автономин Советийн Социалистийн Республика" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%82_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81" title="قازق خود مختار سوویت اشتراکی جمہوریہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="قازق خود مختار سوویت اشتراکی جمہوریہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachska_Autonomiczna_Socjalistyczna_Republika_Radziecka" title="Kazachska Autonomiczna Socjalistyczna Republika Radziecka – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kazachska Autonomiczna Socjalistyczna Republika Radziecka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Socialista_Sovi%C3%A9tica_Aut%C3%B4noma_Cazaque" title="República Socialista Soviética Autônoma Cazaque – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="República Socialista Soviética Autônoma Cazaque" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_Autonom%C4%83_Sovietic%C4%83_Socialist%C4%83_Kazah%C4%83" title="Republica Autonomă Sovietică Socialistă Kazahă – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Republica Autonomă Sovietică Socialistă Kazahă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Казахская Автономная Социалистическая Советская Республика – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Казахская Автономная Социалистическая Советская Республика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%90%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Казашка Аутономна Совјетска Социјалистичка Република – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Казашка Аутономна Совјетска Социјалистичка Република" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagsasariling_Sosyalistikong_Republikang_Soviet_ng_Kazakh" title="Nagsasariling Sosyalistikong Republikang Soviet ng Kazakh – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Nagsasariling Sosyalistikong Republikang Soviet ng Kazakh" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%8A_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Казакъ Автономияле Социалистик Совет Республикасы – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Казакъ Автономияле Социалистик Совет Республикасы" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazak_%C3%96zerk_Sovyet_Sosyalist_Cumhuriyeti" title="Kazak Özerk Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyeti – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kazak Özerk Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyeti" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Казакська Автономна Соціалістична Радянська Республіка – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Казакська Автономна Соціалістична Радянська Республіка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%82_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81" title="قازق خود مختار سوویت اشتراکی جمہوریہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="قازق خود مختار سوویت اشتراکی جمہوریہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BB%99ng_h%C3%B2a_X%C3%A3_h%E1%BB%99i_ch%E1%BB%A7_ngh%C4%A9a_X%C3%B4_vi%E1%BA%BFt_t%E1%BB%B1_tr%E1%BB%8B_Kazakhstan" title="Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa Xô viết tự trị Kazakhstan – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa Xô viết tự trị Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%88%E8%96%A9%E5%85%8B%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E8%98%87%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%83%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="哈薩克自治社會主義蘇維埃共和國 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="哈薩克自治社會主義蘇維埃共和國" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2332797#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1920–1936 autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1048730501">.mw-parser-output .ib-former-subdiv{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-former-subdiv td,.mw-parser-output .ib-former-subdiv th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-former-subdiv .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-former-subdiv .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-former-subdiv .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-former-subdiv .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-former-subdiv .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-former-subdiv .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-former-subdiv .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-former-subdiv .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-former-subdiv .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-former-subdiv-native{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-former-subdiv .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-former-subdiv-flagarms,.mw-parser-output .ib-former-subdiv-flagarms td{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-former-subdiv-flagarms table{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-former-subdiv-flagarms tbody tr:first-child td{width:50%;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-former-subdiv-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}</style><table class="infobox ib-former-subdiv vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><span style="font-size:85%;">1920–1925:</span></span><br />Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic<br /><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;">Киргизская Автономная Социалистическая Советская Республика</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>)</span><br /><span title="Kazakh-language text"><span lang="kk" style="font-style: normal;">Қырғыз Автономиялы Социалистік Кеңестік Республикасы</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Kazakh_language" title="Kazakh language">Kazakh</a>)</span> <hr /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold"><span style="font-size:85%;">1925–1936:</span></span><br />Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic<br /><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;">Казахская Автономная Социалистическая Советская Республика</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>)</span><br /><span title="Kazakh-language text"><span lang="kk" style="font-style: normal;">Қазақ Автономиялы Социалистік Кеңестік Республикасы</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Kazakh_language" title="Kazakh language">Kazakh</a>)</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader category"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republics" title="Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics">ASSR</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader category">1920–1936</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_The_Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_(1920-36).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Kazakh ASSR"><img alt="Flag of Kazakh ASSR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Flag_of_The_Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_%281920-36%29.svg/125px-Flag_of_The_Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_%281920-36%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Flag_of_The_Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_%281920-36%29.svg/188px-Flag_of_The_Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_%281920-36%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Flag_of_The_Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_%281920-36%29.svg/250px-Flag_of_The_Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_%281920-36%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div> <div>Flag</div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Kazakhstan_(1927-1937).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Kazakh ASSR"><img alt="Coat of arms of Kazakh ASSR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Coat_of_arms_of_Kazakhstan_%281927-1937%29.svg/85px-Coat_of_arms_of_Kazakhstan_%281927-1937%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Coat_of_arms_of_Kazakhstan_%281927-1937%29.svg/128px-Coat_of_arms_of_Kazakhstan_%281927-1937%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Coat_of_arms_of_Kazakhstan_%281927-1937%29.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_Kazakhstan_%281927-1937%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="549" /></a></span></div> <div>Coat of arms</div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%90%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%90%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0.png/220px-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%90%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%90%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0.png/330px-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%90%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%90%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0.png/440px-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%90%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0.png 2x" data-file-width="1737" data-file-height="1449" /></a></span><br /></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orenburg" title="Orenburg">Orenburg</a> <small>(1920–1925)</small></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kyzylorda" title="Kyzylorda">Kyzylorda</a> <small>(1925–1929)</small></li><li><a href="/wiki/Almaty" title="Almaty">Alma–Ata</a> <small>(1929–1936)</small></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold"> • Type</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary</a> <a href="/wiki/Soviet_democracy" title="Soviet democracy">Soviet</a> <a href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">Republic</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">History</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Established </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1920</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Disestablished </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1936</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="width:95%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Preceded by</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Succeeded by</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/AlashOrdaFlagIn.png/20px-AlashOrdaFlagIn.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/AlashOrdaFlagIn.png/30px-AlashOrdaFlagIn.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/AlashOrdaFlagIn.png/40px-AlashOrdaFlagIn.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1122" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Alash_Autonomy" title="Alash Autonomy">Alash Autonomy</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic">Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281937-1940%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281937-1940%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281937-1940%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281937-1940%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281937-1940%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281937-1940%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Today part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic</b><sup id="cite_ref-Ubiria_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ubiria-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Казахская Автономная Социалистическая Советская Республика</span>; <a href="/wiki/Kazakh_language" title="Kazakh language">Kazakh</a>: <span lang="kk">Qazaq Aptanom Sotsijalijstik Soвettik Respuvвlijkasь</span>), abbreviated as <b>Kazak ASSR</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Казакская АССР</span>; <a href="/wiki/Kazakh_language" title="Kazakh language">Kazakh</a>: <i lang="kk">Qazaq ASSR</i>) and simply <b>Kazakhstan</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Казахстан</span>; <a href="/wiki/Kazakh_language" title="Kazakh language">Kazakh</a>: <span lang="kk">Qazaƣьstan</span>), was an <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republics" title="Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics">autonomous republic</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic</a> (RSFSR) within the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> (from 1922) which existed from 1920 until 1936.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Kazakh ASSR was originally created as the <b>Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Киргизская Автономная Социалистическая Советская Республика</span>; <a href="/wiki/Kazakh_language" title="Kazakh language">Kazakh</a>: <span lang="kk">Қырғыз Автономиялық Социалистік Кеңес Республикасы</span>) (not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Kirghiz_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_(1926%E2%80%931936)" title="Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1926–1936)">Kirghiz ASSR</a> of 1926–1936, a <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asian</a> territory which is now the independent state of <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a>) on 26 August 1920 and was an <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_republic_of_the_Soviet_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous republic of the Soviet Union">autonomous republic</a> within the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Socialist_Federative_Soviet_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic">Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic</a>. </p><p>Before the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Revolution" title="Russian Revolution">Russian Revolution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazakhs" title="Kazakhs">Kazakhs</a> in Russia were known as "Kirghiz-Kazaks" or simply "Kirghiz" (and the <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzes" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyrgyzes">Kyrgyzes</a> as "Kara-Kirghiz").<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This practice continued into the early Soviet period, and thus the Kirghiz ASSR was a national republic for Kazakhs. However, on 15–19 June 1925 the Fifth Kazakh Council of Soviets decided to rename the republic the Kazak Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The capital of the former Kirghiz ASSR, <a href="/wiki/Ak-Mechet,_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ak-Mechet, Kazakhstan">Ak-Mechet</a>, was retained as the seat of the Kazak ASSR but was renamed <a href="/wiki/Kzyl-Orda" class="mw-redirect" title="Kzyl-Orda">Kzyl-Orda</a>, from the Kazakh "red centre".<sup id="cite_ref-Ubiria_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ubiria-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1927<sup id="cite_ref-Ubiria_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ubiria-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or 1929<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the city of <a href="/wiki/Alma-Ata" class="mw-redirect" title="Alma-Ata">Alma-Ata</a> was designated as the new capital of the ASSR. In February 1930, there was an <a href="/wiki/Anti-Sovietism" title="Anti-Sovietism">anti-Soviet</a> <a href="/wiki/Insurgency" title="Insurgency">insurgency</a> in the village of <a href="/wiki/Sozak" title="Sozak">Sozak</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 5 December 1936, the ASSR was detached from the RSFSR and made the <a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic">Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic</a>, a full <a href="/wiki/Union_republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Union republic">union republic</a> of the Soviet Union.<sup id="cite_ref-Ubiria_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ubiria-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Kazak ASSR that succeeded the recently expanded Kirghiz ASSR included all of the territory making up the present-day Republic of Kazakhstan plus parts of Uzbekistan (the <a href="/wiki/Karakalpak_Autonomous_Oblast" title="Karakalpak Autonomous Oblast">Karakalpak Autonomous Oblast</a>), Turkmenistan (the north shore of <a href="/wiki/Kara-Bogaz-Gol" class="mw-redirect" title="Kara-Bogaz-Gol">Kara-Bogaz-Gol</a>) and Russia (parts of what would become <a href="/wiki/Orenburg_Oblast" title="Orenburg Oblast">Orenburg Oblast</a>). These territories were transferred from the Kazak ASSR over the following decade. </p><p>The administrative subdivisions of the ASSR changed several times in its history. In 1928 the <i><a href="/wiki/Guberniya" class="mw-redirect" title="Guberniya">guberniyas</a></i>, administrative districts inherited from the Kirghiz ASSR were eliminated and replaced with 13 <i><a href="/wiki/Okrug#Soviet_Union" title="Okrug">okrugs</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Raion#Raions_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Raion">raions</a></i>. In 1932, the republic was divided into six new larger <i><a href="/wiki/Oblasts_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Oblasts of the Soviet Union">oblasts</a></i>. These included: </p> <ul><li>Aktyubinsk Oblast (capital: <a href="/wiki/Aktobe" title="Aktobe">Aktyubinsk</a>);</li> <li>Alma-Ata (capital: <a href="/wiki/Almaty" title="Almaty">Alma-Ata</a>);</li> <li>East Kazak Oblast (capital: <a href="/wiki/Semey" title="Semey">Semipalatinsk</a>);</li> <li>Karaganda Oblast (capital: <a href="/wiki/Petropavlovsk,_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Petropavlovsk, Kazakhstan">Petropavlovsk</a>);</li> <li>South Kazak Oblast (capital: <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eymkent" class="mw-redirect" title="Şymkent">Chimkent</a>);</li> <li>West Kazak Oblast (capital: <a href="/wiki/Oral,_Kazakhstan" title="Oral, Kazakhstan">Uralsk</a>).</li></ul> <p>On 31 January 1935, yet another territorial division was implemented which included the six <i>oblasts</i> listed above plus a new <a href="/wiki/Karkaralinsk" class="mw-redirect" title="Karkaralinsk">Karkaralinsk</a> <i>okrug</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sources differ on the year.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Russian <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div lang="ru" style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/ru:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%A6%D0%98%D0%9A_%D0%BE%D1%82_31.01.1935_%D0%9E_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%90%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="extiw" title="s:ru:Постановление ВЦИК от 31.01.1935 О новом административно-территориальном делении Казакской АССР">Decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of 31 January 1935 "On the new administrative-territorial division of the Kazakh ASSR"</a></b> </div></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Ubiria-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ubiria_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ubiria_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ubiria_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ubiria_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Grigol Ubiria. <i>Soviet Nation-Building in Central Asia: The Making of the Kazakh and Uzbek Nations</i>. Routledge, 2015. p. 124. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781317504351" title="Special:BookSources/9781317504351">9781317504351</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://factsanddetails.com/central-asia/Kazakhstan/sub8_4a/entry-4632.html">SOVIET PERIOD IN KAZAKHSTAN</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Kirghiz"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Kirghiz">"Kirghiz" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 827–829.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Kirghiz&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=827-829&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKazakh+Autonomous+Socialist+Soviet+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=t_Ai6Dfo308C"><i>The International Year Book and Statesmen's Who's who</i></a>. Burke's Peerage Limited. 1991. p. 607.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+International+Year+Book+and+Statesmen%27s+Who%27s+who&rft.pages=607&rft.pub=Burke%27s+Peerage+Limited&rft.date=1991&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dt_Ai6Dfo308C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKazakh+Autonomous+Socialist+Soviet+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vladimir Babak, et al., eds. <i>Political Organization in Central Asia and Azerbaijan: Sources and Documents</i>. Routledge, 2004. p. 90. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781135776817" title="Special:BookSources/9781135776817">9781135776817</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNiccolò_PianciolaPaolo_Sartori2013" class="citation journal cs1">Niccolò Pianciola; Paolo Sartori (2013). "Interpreting an insurgency in Soviet Kazakhstan: The OGPU, Islam and Qazaq 'Clans' in Suzak, 1930". <i>Islam, Society and States Across the Qazaq Steppe</i>: 297–340.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Islam%2C+Society+and+States+Across+the+Qazaq+Steppe&rft.atitle=Interpreting+an+insurgency+in+Soviet+Kazakhstan%3A+The+OGPU%2C+Islam+and+Qazaq+%27Clans%27+in+Suzak%2C+1930&rft.pages=297-340&rft.date=2013&rft.au=Niccol%C3%B2+Pianciola&rft.au=Paolo+Sartori&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKazakh+Autonomous+Socialist+Soviet+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Autonomous_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Template:Autonomous Republics of the Soviet Union"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Autonomous_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Template talk:Autonomous Republics of the Soviet Union"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Autonomous_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Autonomous Republics of the Soviet Union"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republics" title="Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics">Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics of the Soviet Union</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">By name</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhaz_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Abkhaz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Abkhaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adjarian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Adjarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Adjarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashkir_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Bashkir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buryat_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Buryat</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Checheno-Ingush_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Checheno-Ingush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuvash_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Chuvash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimea_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Crimea in the Soviet Union">Crimean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagestan_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Dagestan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorno-Altai_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Gorno-Altai Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Gorno-Altai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabardin_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabardin Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Kabardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabardino-Balkarian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Kabardino-Balkarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalmyk_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Kalmyk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karakalpak_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Karakalpak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Karakalpak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karelian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Karelian</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kazakh</a><sup><small>2</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kirghiz_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_(1920%E2%80%931925)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)">Kirghiz</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirghiz_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_(1926%E2%80%931936)" title="Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1926–1936)">Kirghiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komi_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Komi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mari_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Mari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldavian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Moldavian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordovian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Mordovian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Mountain Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakhichevan_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Nakhichevan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Ossetian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">North Ossetian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Tajik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatar_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Tatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkestan_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Turkestan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvan_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Tuvan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Tuvan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udmurt_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Udmurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volga_German_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Volga German Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Volga German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakut_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Yakut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;;line-height:1.3em;">By years<br />of existence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;white-space:nowrap;width:24%;"><div> <p>1918–24  <a href="/wiki/Turkestan_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Turkestan</a><sup><small>3</small></sup><br /> 1918–41  <a href="/wiki/Volga_German_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Volga German Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Volga German</a><sup><small>4</small></sup><br /> 1919–90  <a href="/wiki/Bashkir_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Bashkir</a><br /> 1920–25  <a href="/wiki/Kirghiz_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_(1920%E2%80%931925)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)">Kirghiz</a><sup><small>2</small></sup><br /> 1920–90  <a href="/wiki/Tatar_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Tatar</a><br /> 1921–91  <a href="/wiki/Adjarian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Adjarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Adjarian</a><br /> 1921–45  <a href="/wiki/Crimea_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Crimea in the Soviet Union">Crimean</a><br /> 1921–91  <a href="/wiki/Dagestan_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Dagestan</a><br /> 1921–24  <a href="/wiki/Mountain_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Mountain Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Mountain</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;white-space:nowrap;width:24%;"><div> <p>1921–90  <a href="/wiki/Nakhichevan_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Nakhichevan</a><br /> 1922–91  <a href="/wiki/Yakut_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Yakut</a><br /> 1923–90  <a href="/wiki/Buryat_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Buryat</a><sup><small>1</small></sup><br /> 1923–40  <a href="/wiki/Karelian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Karelian</a><br /> 1924–40  <a href="/wiki/Moldavian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Moldavian</a><br /> 1924–29  <a href="/wiki/Tajik_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Tajik</a><br /> 1925–92  <a href="/wiki/Chuvash_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Chuvash</a><sup><small>5</small></sup><br /> 1925–36  <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kazakh</a><sup><small>2</small></sup><br /> 1926–36  <a href="/wiki/Kirghiz_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_(1926%E2%80%931936)" title="Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1926–1936)">Kirghiz</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;white-space:nowrap;width:24%;"><div> <p>1931–92  <a href="/wiki/Abkhaz_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Abkhaz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Abkhaz</a><br /> 1932–92  <a href="/wiki/Karakalpak_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Karakalpak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Karakalpak</a><br /> 1934–90  <a href="/wiki/Mordovian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Mordovian</a><br /> 1934–90  <a href="/wiki/Udmurt_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Udmurt</a><sup><small>6</small></sup><br /> 1935–43  <a href="/wiki/Kalmyk_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Kalmyk</a><br /> 1936–44  <a href="/wiki/Checheno-Ingush_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Checheno-Ingush</a><br /> 1936–44  <a href="/wiki/Kabardino-Balkarian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Kabardino-Balkarian</a><br /> 1936–90  <a href="/wiki/Komi_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Komi</a><br /> 1936–90  <a href="/wiki/Mari_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Mari</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;white-space:nowrap;width:24%;"><div> <p>1936–90  <a href="/wiki/North_Ossetian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">North Ossetian</a><br /> 1944–57  <a href="/wiki/Kabardin_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabardin Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Kabardin</a><br /> 1956–91  <a href="/wiki/Karelian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Karelian</a><br /> 1957–92  <a href="/wiki/Checheno-Ingush_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Checheno-Ingush</a><br /> 1957–91  <a href="/wiki/Kabardino-Balkarian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Kabardino-Balkarian</a><br /> 1958–90  <a href="/wiki/Kalmyk_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Kalmyk</a><br /> 1961–92  <a href="/wiki/Tuvan_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Tuvan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Tuvan</a><br /> 1990–91  <a href="/wiki/Gorno-Altai_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Gorno-Altai Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Gorno-Altai</a><br /> 1991–92  <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1991%E2%80%931992)" title="Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (1991–1992)">Crimean</a> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><sup><small>1</small></sup> <b>Buryat–Mongol</b> until 1958.</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><sup><small>2</small></sup> <b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kazakh ASSR</a></b> was called <b><a href="/wiki/Kirghiz_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_(1920%E2%80%931925)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)">Kirghiz ASSR</a></b> until 1925</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><sup><small>3</small></sup> Autonomous Republic since 1920</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><sup><small>4</small></sup> Autonomous Republic since 1923</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><sup><small>5</small></sup> Autonomous Republic since 1925</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><sup><small>6</small></sup> Autonomous Republic since 1934</span></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kazakhstan_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kazakhstan_topics" title="Template:Kazakhstan topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kazakhstan_topics" title="Template talk:Kazakhstan topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kazakhstan_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kazakhstan topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kazakhstan_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Kazakhstan-related_articles" title="Index of Kazakhstan-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kazakhstan" title="History of Kazakhstan">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Prehistory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saka" title="Saka">Saka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangju" title="Kangju">Kangju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wusun" title="Wusun">Wusun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huns" title="Huns">Huns</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Early history</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tiele_people" title="Tiele people">Tele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rouran_Khaganate" title="Rouran Khaganate">Rouran Khaganate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6kt%C3%BCrks" title="Göktürks">Göktürks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangar_union" title="Kangar union">Kangar union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimek_Khanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Kimek Khanate">Kimek Khanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karluks" title="Karluks">Karluks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oghuz_Yabgu_State" title="Oghuz Yabgu State">Oghuz Yabgu State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xueyantuo" title="Xueyantuo">Xueyantuo Khaganate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uyghur_Khaganate" title="Uyghur Khaganate">Uyghur Khaganate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yenisei_Kirghiz" class="mw-redirect" title="Yenisei Kirghiz">Kyrgyz Khaganate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kara-Khanid_Khanate" title="Kara-Khanid Khanate">Kara-Khanid Khanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chagatai_Khanate" title="Chagatai Khanate">Chagatai Khanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Horde" title="Golden Horde">Golden Horde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wings_of_the_Golden_Horde" title="Wings of the Golden Horde">White Horde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Khanate" title="Uzbek Khanate">Uzbek Khanate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Since 1465</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Khanate" title="Kazakh Khanate">Kazakh Khanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kazakh_khans" title="List of Kazakh khans">List of Kazakh khans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCz" title="Jüz">Jüz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Turkestan" title="Russian Turkestan">Russian Turkestan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alash_Autonomy" title="Alash Autonomy">Alash Autonomy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kazakh ASSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic">Kazakh SSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kazakhstan#Republic_of_Kazakhstan_(1991–present)" title="History of Kazakhstan">Republic of Kazakhstan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Kazakhstan" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Kazakhstan">Postal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Kazakhstan" title="Coat of arms of Kazakhstan"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg/120px-Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg/180px-Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg/240px-Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Kazakhstan" title="Geography of Kazakhstan">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aktogay_Canyon" title="Aktogay Canyon">Aktogay Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altai_Mountains" title="Altai Mountains">Altay (Altai) Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aral_Karakum_Desert" title="Aral Karakum Desert">Aral Karakum Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Borders_of_Kazakhstan" title="Template:Borders of Kazakhstan">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Steppe" title="Kazakh Steppe">Kazakh Steppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_Tengri" title="Khan Tengri">Khan Tangiri Shyngy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyzylkum_Desert" title="Kyzylkum Desert">Kyzylkum Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Balkhash" title="Lake Balkhash">Lake Balkhash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharyn_Canyon" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharyn Canyon">Sharyn Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syr_Darya" title="Syr Darya">Syr Darya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tian_Shan" title="Tian Shan">Tien (Tian) Shan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ural_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Ural River">Ural River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jetisu" title="Jetisu">Zhetysu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative divisions of Kazakhstan">Subdivisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Kazakhstan" title="List of cities in Kazakhstan">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Kazakhstan" title="Districts of Kazakhstan">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Kazakhstan" title="Regions of Kazakhstan">Regions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Kazakhstan" title="Politics of Kazakhstan">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Kazakhstan" title="Constitution of Kazakhstan">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Kazakhstan" title="Elections in Kazakhstan">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Kazakhstan" title="Foreign relations of Kazakhstan">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Kazakhstan" title="Government of Kazakhstan">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Kazakhstan" title="President of Kazakhstan">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Kazakhstan" title="Prime Minister of Kazakhstan">Prime Minister</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Kazakhstan" title="Human rights in Kazakhstan">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech_in_Kazakhstan" title="Freedom of speech in Kazakhstan">Freedom of speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Kazakhstan">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Kazakhstan" title="Law enforcement in Kazakhstan">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Republic_of_Kazakhstan" title="Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Kazakhstan" title="Parliament of Kazakhstan">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Kazakhstan" title="List of political parties in Kazakhstan">Political parties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kazakhstan" title="Economy of Kazakhstan">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Kazakhstan" title="Agriculture in Kazakhstan">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Energy policy of Kazakhstan">Energy policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Bank_of_Kazakhstan" title="National Bank of Kazakhstan">National Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan_Stock_Exchange" title="Kazakhstan Stock Exchange">Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Kazakhstan" title="Science and technology in Kazakhstan">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Kazakhstan" title="Telecommunications in Kazakhstan">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstani_tenge" title="Kazakhstani tenge">Tenge <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Kazakhstan" title="Transport in Kazakhstan">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Kazakhstan" title="Waste management in Kazakhstan">Waste management</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Kazakhstan" title="Culture of Kazakhstan">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_alphabets" title="Kazakh alphabets">Alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meni%C3%B1_Qazaqstan%C4%B1m" class="mw-redirect" title="Meniñ Qazaqstanım">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Central_Asia" title="Architecture of Central Asia">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_clothing" title="Kazakh clothing">Clothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Kazakhstan" title="Emblem of Kazakhstan">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_cuisine" title="Kazakh cuisine">Cuisine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kazakh_wine" title="Kazakh wine">wine</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Kazakhstan" title="Flag of Kazakhstan">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Kazakhstan" title="Internet in Kazakhstan">Kaznet <span style="font-size:85%;">(Internet)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kazakhs" title="List of Kazakhs">Kazakhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Kazakhstan">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Kazakhstan" title="Music of Kazakhstan">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Kazakhstan" title="Religion in Kazakhstan">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Kazakhstan" title="Sport in Kazakhstan">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting_in_Kazakhstan" title="Squatting in Kazakhstan">Squatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Kazakhstan" title="Television in Kazakhstan">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_wedding_ceremony" title="Kazakh wedding ceremony">Wedding ceremony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y-DNA_haplogroups_in_Kazakh_tribes" title="Y-DNA haplogroups in Kazakh tribes">Y-DNA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_tribes" class="mw-redirect" title="Kazakh tribes">Kazakh tribes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Kazakhstan" title="Demographics of Kazakhstan">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Kazakhstan" title="Education in Kazakhstan">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Health in Kazakhstan">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_language" title="Kazakh language">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Kazakhstan" title="Women in Kazakhstan">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Peoples</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenians_in_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenians in Kazakhstan">Armenians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijanis_in_Kazakhstan" title="Azerbaijanis in Kazakhstan">Azerbaijanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dungan_people" title="Dungan people">Dungan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germans_of_Kazakhstan" title="Germans of Kazakhstan">Germans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greeks_in_Kazakhstan" title="Greeks in Kazakhstan">Greeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jews_in_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Jews in Kazakhstan">Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhs" title="Kazakhs">Kazakhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koryo-saram" title="Koryo-saram">Koreans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poles_in_Kazakhstan" title="Poles in Kazakhstan">Poles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russians_in_Kazakhstan" title="Russians in Kazakhstan">Russians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatars_of_Kazakhstan" title="Tatars of Kazakhstan">Tatars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Kazakhstan" title="Turks in Kazakhstan">Turks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainians_in_Kazakhstan" title="Ukrainians in Kazakhstan">Ukrainians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uyghurs_in_Kazakhstan" title="Uyghurs in Kazakhstan">Uyghurs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Kazakhstan" title="Outline of Kazakhstan">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Kazakhstan-related_articles" title="Index of Kazakhstan-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Kazakhstan" title="Category:Kazakhstan">Category</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2332797#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2332797#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" 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