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Youn</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Hyunsook Youn"> <meta name="keywords" content="Hyunsook Youn"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Hyunsook Youn"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 34</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Hyunsook Youn</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Gathering Space after Disaster: Understanding the Communicative and Collective Dimensions of Resilience through Field Research across Time in Hurricane Impacted Regions of the United States</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jack%20L.%20Harris">Jack L. Harris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marya%20L.%20Doerfel"> Marya L. Doerfel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyunsook%20Youn"> Hyunsook Youn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minkyung%20Kim"> Minkyung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kautuki%20Sunil%20Jariwala"> Kautuki Sunil Jariwala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Organizational resilience refers to the ability to sustain business or general work functioning despite wide-scale interruptions. We focus on organization and businesses as a pillar of their communities and how they attempt to sustain work when a natural disaster impacts their surrounding regions and economies. While it may be more common to think of resilience as a trait possessed by an organization, an emerging area of research recognizes that for organizations and businesses, resilience is a set of processes that are constituted through communication, social networks, and organizing. Indeed, five processes, robustness, rapidity, resourcefulness, redundancy, and external availability through social media have been identified as critical to organizational resilience. These organizing mechanisms involve multi-level coordination, where individuals intersect with groups, organizations, and communities. Because the nature of such interactions are often networks of people and organizations coordinating material resources, information, and support, they necessarily require some way to coordinate despite being displaced. Little is known, however, if physical and digital spaces can substitute one for the other. We thus are guided by the question, is digital space sufficient when disaster creates a scarcity of physical space? This study presents a cross-case comparison based on field research from four different regions of the United States that were impacted by Hurricanes Katrina (2005), Sandy (2012), Maria (2017), and Harvey (2017). These four cases are used to extend the science of resilience by examining multi-level processes enacted by individuals, communities, and organizations that together, contribute to the resilience of disaster-struck organizations, businesses, and their communities. Using field research about organizations and businesses impacted by the four hurricanes, we code data from interviews, participant observations, field notes, and document analysis drawn from New Orleans (post-Katrina), coastal New Jersey (post-Sandy), Houston Texas (post-Harvey), and the lower keys of Florida (post-Maria). This paper identifies an additional organizing mechanism, networked gathering spaces, where citizens and organizations, alike, coordinate and facilitate information sharing, material resource distribution, and social support. Findings show that digital space, alone, is not a sufficient substitute to effectively sustain organizational resilience during a disaster. Because the data are qualitative, we expand on this finding with specific ways in which organizations and the people who lead them worked around the problem of scarce space. We propose that gatherings after disaster are a sixth mechanism that contributes to organizational resilience. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title="communication">communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coordination" title=" coordination"> coordination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaster%20management" title=" disaster management"> disaster management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20and%20communication%20technologies" title=" information and communication technologies"> information and communication technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interorganizational%20relationships" title=" interorganizational relationships"> interorganizational relationships</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resilience" title=" resilience"> resilience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work" title=" work"> work</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90864/gathering-space-after-disaster-understanding-the-communicative-and-collective-dimensions-of-resilience-through-field-research-across-time-in-hurricane-impacted-regions-of-the-united-states" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90864.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Element-Independent Implementation for Method of Lagrange Multipliers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gil-Eon%20Jeong">Gil-Eon Jeong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung-Kie%20Youn"> Sung-Kie Youn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20C.%20Park"> K. C. Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Treatment for the non-matching interface is an important computational issue. To handle this problem, the method of Lagrange multipliers including classical and localized versions are the most popular technique. It essentially imposes the interface compatibility conditions by introducing Lagrange multipliers. However, the numerical system becomes unstable and inefficient due to the Lagrange multipliers. The interface element-independent formulation that does not include the Lagrange multipliers can be obtained by modifying the independent variables mathematically. Through this modification, more efficient and stable system can be achieved while involving equivalent accuracy comparing with the conventional method. A numerical example is conducted to verify the validity of the presented method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=element-independent%20formulation" title="element-independent formulation">element-independent formulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interface%20coupling" title=" interface coupling"> interface coupling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methods%20of%20Lagrange%20multipliers" title=" methods of Lagrange multipliers"> methods of Lagrange multipliers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-matching%20interface" title=" non-matching interface"> non-matching interface</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62168/element-independent-implementation-for-method-of-lagrange-multipliers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62168.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> A Study on the Calculation of Bearing Life of Electric Motor Using Accelerated Life Test</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn-Hwan%20Kim">Youn-Hwan Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hae-Joong%20Kim"> Hae-Joong Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae-Won%20Moon"> Jae-Won Moon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper introduces the results of the study on the development of accelerated life test methods for the motor used in machine tools. In recent years, as well as efficiency for motors, there is a growing need for research on life expectancy of motors. It is considered impossible to calculate the acceleration coefficient by increasing the rotational load or temperature load as the acceleration stress in the motor system because the temperature of the copper exceeds the wire thermal class rating. This paper describes the equipment development procedure for the highly accelerated life test (HALT) of the 12kW three-phase squirrel-cage induction motors (SCIMs). After the test, the lifetime analysis was carried out and it is compared with the bearing life expectancy by ISO 281. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acceleration%20coefficient" title="acceleration coefficient">acceleration coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bearing" title=" bearing"> bearing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HALT" title=" HALT"> HALT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20expectancy" title=" life expectancy"> life expectancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motor" title=" motor"> motor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78838/a-study-on-the-calculation-of-bearing-life-of-electric-motor-using-accelerated-life-test" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78838.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">257</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Analysis of the Result for the Accelerated Life Cycle Test of the Motor for Washing Machine by Using Acceleration Factor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn-Sung%20Kim">Youn-Sung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin-Ho%20Jo"> Jin-Ho Jo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mi-Sung%20Kim"> Mi-Sung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae-Kun%20Lee"> Jae-Kun Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Accelerated life cycle test is applied to various products or components in order to reduce the time of life cycle test in industry. It must be considered for many test conditions according to the product characteristics for the test and the selection of acceleration parameter is especially very important. We have carried out the general life cycle test and the accelerated life cycle test by applying the acceleration factor (AF) considering the characteristics of brushless DC (BLDC) motor for washing machine. The final purpose of this study is to verify the validity by analyzing the results of the general life cycle test and the accelerated life cycle test. It will make it possible to reduce the life test time through the reasonable accelerated life cycle test. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accelerated%20life%20cycle%20test" title="accelerated life cycle test">accelerated life cycle test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability%20test" title=" reliability test"> reliability test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motor%20for%20washing%20machine" title=" motor for washing machine"> motor for washing machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brushless%20dc%20motor%20test" title=" brushless dc motor test"> brushless dc motor test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68978/analysis-of-the-result-for-the-accelerated-life-cycle-test-of-the-motor-for-washing-machine-by-using-acceleration-factor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68978.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">611</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> A Study on the Application of Accelerated Life Test to Electric Motor for Machine Tools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn-Hwan%20Kim">Youn-Hwan Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae-Won%20Moon"> Jae-Won Moon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hae-Joong%20Kim"> Hae-Joong Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper introduces the results of the study on the development of accelerated life test methods for the motor used in machine tools. In recent years, as well as efficiency for motors, there is a growing need for research on life expectancy of motors. It is considered impossible to calculate the acceleration coefficient by increasing the rotational load or temperature load as the acceleration stress in the motor system because the temperature of the copper exceeds the wire thermal class rating. This paper describes the equipment development procedure for the highly accelerated life test (HALT) of the 12kW three-phase squirrel-cage induction motors (SCIMs). After the test, the lifetime analysis was carried out, and it is compared with the life expectancy by finite element method (FEM) and bearing theory. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acceleration%20coefficient" title="acceleration coefficient">acceleration coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bearing" title=" bearing"> bearing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HALT" title=" HALT"> HALT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20expectancy" title=" life expectancy"> life expectancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motor" title=" motor"> motor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74720/a-study-on-the-application-of-accelerated-life-test-to-electric-motor-for-machine-tools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74720.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Detection of Nutrients Using Honeybee-Mimic Bioelectronic Tongue Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soo%20Ho%20Lim">Soo Ho Lim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minju%20Lee"> Minju Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong%20In%20Kim"> Dong In Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gi%20Youn%20Han"> Gi Youn Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seunghun%20Hong"> Seunghun Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyung%20Wook%20Kwon"> Hyung Wook Kwon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We report a floating electrode-based bioelectronic tongue mimicking honeybee taste systems for the detection and discrimination of various nutrients. Here, carbon nanotube field effect transistors with floating electrodes (CNT-FET) were hybridized with nanovesicles containing honeybee nutrient receptors, gustatory receptors of Apis mellifera. This strategy enables us to detect nutrient substance with a high sensitivity and selectivity. It could also be utilized for the detection of nutrients in liquid food. This floating electrode-based bioelectronic tongue mimicking insect taste systems can be a simple, but highly effective strategy in many different basic research areas about sensory systems. Moreover, our research provides opportunities to develop various applications such as food screening, and it also can provide valuable insights on insect taste systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=taste%20system" title="taste system">taste system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CNT-FET" title=" CNT-FET"> CNT-FET</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insect%20gustatory%20receptor" title=" insect gustatory receptor"> insect gustatory receptor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biolelectronic%20tongue" title=" biolelectronic tongue"> biolelectronic tongue</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84686/detection-of-nutrients-using-honeybee-mimic-bioelectronic-tongue-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84686.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">218</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Study on Connecting Method of Box Pontoons</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young-Jun%20You">Young-Jun You</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn-Ju%20Jeong"> Youn-Ju Jeong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min-Su%20Park"> Min-Su Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Du-Ho%20Lee"> Du-Ho Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to a lot of limited conditions, a large box type floating structure is inevitably constructed by connecting many pontoons. When a floating structure is made with concrete, concrete shear key with saw-teeth shape is often used to carry shear force. Match casting for the shear key and precise construction on a sea are very important for making separated two pontoons as one body but those are not easy work and may increase construction time and cost. To solve this problem, one-way shear key is studied in this paper for a connected part where there is some difference between upward and downward shear force. It has only one inclined plane and can resist shear force in one direction. Big shear force is resisted by concrete which forms an inclined plane and small shear force is resisted by steel bar. This system can reduce manufacturing cost of individual pontoon and construction time and cost for constructing a floating structure on a sea. In this paper, the feasibility study about one-way shear key system is performed by comparing with design example. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=connection" title="connection">connection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=floating%20container%20terminal" title=" floating container terminal"> floating container terminal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pontoon" title=" pontoon"> pontoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-stressing" title=" pre-stressing"> pre-stressing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20key" title=" shear key"> shear key</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6234/study-on-connecting-method-of-box-pontoons" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> A Study on the Functional Safety Analysis of Stage Control System Based on International Electronical Committee 61508-2</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn-Sung%20Kim">Youn-Sung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hye-Mi%20Kim"> Hye-Mi Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang-Hoon%20Seo"> Sang-Hoon Seo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaden%20Cha"> Jaden Cha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This International standard IEC 61508 sets out a generic approach for all safety lifecycle activities for systems comprised of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic (E/E/PE) elements that are used to perform safety functions. The control unit in stage control system is safety related facilities to control state and speed for stage system running, and it performs safety-critical function by stage control system. The controller unit is part of safety loops corresponding to the IEC 61508 and classified as logic part in the safety loop. In this paper, we analyze using FMEDA (Failure Mode Effect and Diagnostic Analysis) to verification for fault tolerance methods and functional safety of control unit. Moreover, we determined SIL (Safety Integrity Level) for control unit according to the safety requirements defined in IEC 61508-2 based on an analyzed functional safety. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20function" title="safety function">safety function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=failure%20mode%20effect" title=" failure mode effect"> failure mode effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IEC%2061508-2" title=" IEC 61508-2"> IEC 61508-2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnostic%20analysis" title=" diagnostic analysis"> diagnostic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stage%20control%20system" title=" stage control system"> stage control system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78147/a-study-on-the-functional-safety-analysis-of-stage-control-system-based-on-international-electronical-committee-61508-2" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78147.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">278</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> A Study on the Method of Accelerated Life Test to Electric Rotating System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn-Hwan%20Kim">Youn-Hwan Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae-Won%20Moon"> Jae-Won Moon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hae-Joong%20Kim"> Hae-Joong Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper introduces the study on the method of accelerated life test to electrical rotating system. In recent years, as well as efficiency for motors and generators, there is a growing need for research on the life expectancy. It is considered impossible to calculate the acceleration coefficient by increasing the rotational load or temperature load as the acceleration stress in the motor system because the temperature of the copper exceeds the wire thermal class rating. In this paper, the accelerated life test methods of the electrical rotating system are classified according to the application. This paper describes the development of the test procedure for the highly accelerated life test (HALT) of the 100kW permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) of electric vehicle. Finally, it explains how to select acceleration load for vibration, temperature, bearing load, etc. for accelerated life test. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acceleration%20coefficient" title="acceleration coefficient">acceleration coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20vehicle%20motor" title=" electric vehicle motor"> electric vehicle motor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HALT" title=" HALT"> HALT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20expectancy" title=" life expectancy"> life expectancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vibration" title=" vibration"> vibration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74733/a-study-on-the-method-of-accelerated-life-test-to-electric-rotating-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74733.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Prerequisites for the Acquisition of Mammalian Pathogenicity by Influenza A Virus with a Prototypic Avian PB2 Gene</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chung-Young%20Lee">Chung-Young Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Se-Hee%20Ahn"> Se-Hee Ahn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilhwan%20Kim"> Ilhwan Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Du-Min%20Go"> Du-Min Go</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dae-Yong%20Kim"> Dae-Yong Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun-Gu%20Choi"> Jun-Gu Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn-Jeong%20Lee"> Youn-Jeong Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae-Hong%20Kim"> Jae-Hong Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyuk-Joon%20Kwon"> Hyuk-Joon Kwon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The polymerase of avian influenza A virus (AIV) is a heterotrimer composed of PB2, PB1 and PA. PB2 plays a role in overcoming the host barrier; however, the genetic prerequisites for avian PB2 to acquire mammalian pathogenic mutations have not been well elucidated. Here, we demonstrated that key amino acid mutations (I66M, I109V and I133V, collectively referred to as MVV) of prototypic avian PB2 increase the replication efficiency of recombinant PR8 virus carrying the mutated PB2 in both avian and mammalian hosts. The MVV mutations caused no weight loss in mice, but they did allow replication in infected lungs, and the viruses acquired fatal mammalian pathogenic mutations such as Q591R/K, E627K, or D701N in the infected lungs. The MVV mutations are located at the interfaces of the trimer and are predicted to increase the strength of this structure. Thus, gaining MVV mutations might be the first step for AIV to acquire mammalian pathogenicity. These results provide new insights into the evolution of AIV in birds and mammals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=avian%20influenza%20A%20virus" title="avian influenza A virus">avian influenza A virus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prototypic%20PB2" title=" prototypic PB2"> prototypic PB2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymerase%20activity" title=" polymerase activity"> polymerase activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mammalian%20pathogenicity" title=" mammalian pathogenicity"> mammalian pathogenicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=first-step%20mutations" title=" first-step mutations"> first-step mutations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74659/prerequisites-for-the-acquisition-of-mammalian-pathogenicity-by-influenza-a-virus-with-a-prototypic-avian-pb2-gene" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74659.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Characterization and Antimicrobial Properties of Functional Polypropylene Films Incorporated with AgSiO2, AgZn, and AgZ Useful as Returnable Packaging in Seafood Distribution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suman%20Singh">Suman Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Myungho%20Lee"> Myungho Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Insik%20Park"> Insik Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yangjai%20Shin"> Yangjai Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn%20Suk%20Lee"> Youn Suk Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Active antimicrobial films prepared by incorporating AgSiO2, AgZn, and AgZ at 1%, 3%, 5%, 10% (w/w) into polypropylene (PP) matrix. Complete thermal, structural, mechanical and functional characterization were carried out of all formulations and determined the antimicrobial efficiency and returnable antimicrobial efficiency according to the Japanese Industrial Standard method. The morphology of the films showed agglomerates of particles in the composites. The active formulation had decreased elongation compared to the pure PP sample. Thermal analyses indicated that the active formulation compositions had increased thermal stability. The films showed 50% antimicrobial properties after the fifth wash against the tested microorganisms, presenting better activity against Gram negative organisms than Gram positive ones. These findings suggest that PP films with AgSiO2, AgZn, and AgZ particles could provide a significant contribution to the quality and safety of seafood in the distribution chain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20film" title="antimicrobial film">antimicrobial film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=properties%20and%20characterization" title=" properties and characterization"> properties and characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=returnable%20packaging" title=" returnable packaging"> returnable packaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sea%20food" title=" sea food"> sea food</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57581/characterization-and-antimicrobial-properties-of-functional-polypropylene-films-incorporated-with-agsio2-agzn-and-agz-useful-as-returnable-packaging-in-seafood-distribution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57581.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">364</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> A Study on the Accelerated Life Cycle Test Method of the Motor for Home Appliances by Using Acceleration Factor </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn-Sung%20Kim">Youn-Sung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mi-Sung%20Kim"> Mi-Sung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae-Kun%20Lee"> Jae-Kun Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper deals with the accelerated life cycle test method of the motor for home appliances that demand high reliability. Life Cycle of parts in home appliances also should be 10 years because life cycle of the home appliances such as washing machine, refrigerator, TV is at least 10 years. In case of washing machine, the life cycle test method of motor is advanced for 3000 cycle test (1cycle = 2hours). However, 3000 cycle test incurs loss for the time and cost. Objectives of this study are to reduce the life cycle test time and the number of test samples, which could be realized by using acceleration factor for the test time and reduction factor for the number of sample. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accelerated%20life%20cycle%20test" title="accelerated life cycle test">accelerated life cycle test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motor%20reliability%20test" title=" motor reliability test"> motor reliability test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motor%20for%20washing%20machine" title=" motor for washing machine"> motor for washing machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BLDC%20motor" title=" BLDC motor"> BLDC motor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46400/a-study-on-the-accelerated-life-cycle-test-method-of-the-motor-for-home-appliances-by-using-acceleration-factor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46400.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">635</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Aquafaba Derived from Korean Soybean Cultivars: A Novel Vegan Egg Replacer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yue%20He">Yue He</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn%20Young%20Shim"> Youn Young Shim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%20Hye%20Kim"> Ji Hye Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae%20Youl%20Cho"> Jae Youl Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20J.%20T.%20Reaney"> Martin J. T. Reaney</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, pulse cooking water (a.k.a. Aquafaba) has been used as an important and cost-effective alternative to eggs in gluten-free, vegan cooking and baking applications. The aquafaba (AQ) is primarily due to its excellent ability to stabilize foams and emulsions in foods. However, the functional ingredients of this excellent AQ are usually discarded with the compound release. This study developed a high-functional food material, AQ, using functional soybean AQ that has not been studied in Korea. A zero-waste and cost-effective hybrid process were used to produce oil emulsifiers from Korean soybeans. The treatment technique was implemented using a small number of efficient steps. Aquafaba from Backtae had the best emulsion properties (92%) and has the potential to produce more stable food oil emulsions. Therefore, this study is expected to be utilized in the development of the first gluten-free, vegan product for vegetarians and consumers with animal protein allergies, utilizing wastewater from cooked soybeans as a source of plant protein that can replace animal protein. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquafaba" title="aquafaba">aquafaba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soybean" title=" soybean"> soybean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chickpea" title=" chickpea"> chickpea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emulsifiers" title=" emulsifiers"> emulsifiers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=egg%20replacer" title=" egg replacer"> egg replacer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=egg-free%20products" title=" egg-free products"> egg-free products</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142569/aquafaba-derived-from-korean-soybean-cultivars-a-novel-vegan-egg-replacer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142569.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer and Scale Growth Characteristics of Crystallisation Scale in Agitation Tank</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prasanjit%20%20Das">Prasanjit Das</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M%20.M.%20K.%20Khan"> M .M. K. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20G.%20Rasul"> M. G. Rasul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jie%20Wu"> Jie Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Youn"> I. Youn </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Crystallisation scale occurs when dissolved minerals precipitate from an aqueous solution. To investigate the crystallisation scale growth of normal solubility salt, a lab-scale agitation tank with and without baffles were used as a benchmark using potassium nitrate as the test fluid. Potassium nitrate (KNO3) solution in this test leads to crystallisation scale on heat transfer surfaces. This experimental investigation has focused on the effect of surface crystallisation of potassium nitrate on the low-temperature heat exchange surfaces on the wall of the agitation tank. The impeller agitation rate affects the scaling rate at the low-temperature agitation wall and it shows a decreasing scaling rate with an increasing agitation rate. It was observed that there was a significant variation of heat transfer coefficients and scaling resistance coefficients with different agitation rate as well as with varying impeller size, tank with and without baffles and solution concentration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystallisation" title="crystallisation">crystallisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer%20coefficient" title=" heat transfer coefficient"> heat transfer coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scale" title=" scale"> scale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistance" title=" resistance"> resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80971/experimental-investigation-of-heat-transfer-and-scale-growth-characteristics-of-crystallisation-scale-in-agitation-tank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80971.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">184</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Achievement of High L-Cysteine Yield from Enzymatic Conversion Using Eutectic Mixtures of the Substrate ATC</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deokyeong%20Choe">Deokyeong Choe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung%20Hun%20Youn"> Sung Hun Youn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Younggon%20Kim"> Younggon Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chul%20Soo%20Shin"> Chul Soo Shin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> L-Cysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid, has been often used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, and feed additive industries. This amino acid has been usually produced by acid-hydrolysis of human hair and poultry feathers. There are many problems, such as avoidance for use of animal hair, low yields, and formation of harmful waste material. As an alternative, the enzymatic conversion of D, L-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (ATC) to L-cysteine has been developed as an environmental-friendly method. However, the substrate solubility was too low to be used in industry. In this study, high concentrations of eutectic substrate solutions were prepared to solve the problem. Eutectic melting occurred at 39°C after mixing ATC and malonic acid at a molar ratio of 1:1. The characteristics of eutectic mixtures were analyzed by FE-SEM, EDS mapping, and XPS. However, since sorbitol, MnSO4, and NaOH should be added as supplements to the substrate mixture for the activation and stabilization of the enzyme, strategies for sequential addition of total five compounds, ATC, malonic acid, sorbitol, MnSO4, and NaOH were established. As a result, eutectic substrate mixtures of 670 mM ATC were successfully formulated. After 6 h of enzymatic reaction, 550 mM L-cysteine was made. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D" title="D">D</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L-2-amino-%CE%942-thiazoline-4-carboxylicacid" title=" L-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylicacid"> L-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylicacid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enzymatic%20conversion" title=" enzymatic conversion"> enzymatic conversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eutectic%20solution" title=" eutectic solution"> eutectic solution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=l-cysteine" title=" l-cysteine"> l-cysteine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4129/achievement-of-high-l-cysteine-yield-from-enzymatic-conversion-using-eutectic-mixtures-of-the-substrate-atc" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4129.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">424</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Correlation between Resistance to Non-Specific Inhibitor and Mammalian Pathogenicity of an Egg Adapted H9N2 Virus</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chung-Young%20Lee">Chung-Young Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Se-Hee%20Ahn"> Se-Hee Ahn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun-Gu%20Choi"> Jun-Gu Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn-Jeong%20Lee"> Youn-Jeong Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyuk-Joon%20Kwon"> Hyuk-Joon Kwon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae-Hong%20Kim"> Jae-Hong Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A/chicken/Korea/01310/2001 (H9N2) (01310) was passaged through embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs) by 20 times (01310-E20), and it has been used for an inactivated oil emulsion vaccine in Korea. After sequential passages, 01310-E20 showed higher pathogenicity in ECEs and acquired multiple mutations including a potential N-glycosylation at position 133 (H3 numbering) in HA and 18aa-deletion in NA stalk. To evaluate the effect of these mutations on the mammalian pathogenicity and resistance to non-specific inhibitors, we generated four PR8-derived recombinant viruses with different combinations of HA and NA from 01310-E2 and 01310-E20 (rH2N2, rH2N20, rH20N2, and rH20N20). According to our results, recombinant viruses containing 01310 E20 HA showed higher growth property in MDCK cells and higher virulence on mice than those containing 01310 E2 HA regardless of NA. The hemagglutination activity of rH20N20 was less inhibited by egg white and mouse lung extract than that of other recombinant viruses. Thus, the increased pathogenicity of 01310-E20 may be related to both higher replication efficiency and resistance to non-specific inhibitors in mice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=avian%20influenza%20virus" title="avian influenza virus">avian influenza virus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=egg%20adaptation" title=" egg adaptation"> egg adaptation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H9N2" title=" H9N2"> H9N2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N-glycosylation" title=" N-glycosylation"> N-glycosylation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stalk%20deletion%20of%20neuraminidase" title=" stalk deletion of neuraminidase"> stalk deletion of neuraminidase</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74841/correlation-between-resistance-to-non-specific-inhibitor-and-mammalian-pathogenicity-of-an-egg-adapted-h9n2-virus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74841.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> High Dissolution of ATC by pH Control and Its Enzymatic Conversion to L-Cysteine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deokyeong%20Choe">Deokyeong Choe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung%20Hun%20Youn"> Sung Hun Youn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Younggon%20Kim"> Younggon Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chul%20Soo%20Shin"> Chul Soo Shin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> L-Cysteine is extensively used as a supplement of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food and feed additives. It has obtained industrially by hydrolysis of human hair and poultry feathers. However, there are some problems such as the restriction of using materials from animals and the intractable waste pollution. The enzymatic conversion has been regarded as an environmental-friendly method. Currently, the biggest bottle-neck of enzymatic conversion is the low yield of L-cysteine due to the low substrate solubility. In this study, the method of enhancing the solubility of the substrate D,L-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylicacid (ATC) was developed and the enzymatic reaction at high concentration levels was performed. A large amount of substrate in aqueous solutions was dissolved by pH control using salts. As the pH of the solution increased, the solubility of ATC increased. It was thought that a shift of ATC from acid form (-COOH) to dissociated carboxylic group (-COO-) would improve its hydrophilicity leading to solubility increase. The highest solubility of ATC was 610 mM at pH 10.5, whereas the maximum reaction rate was obtained at pH 8.3. As a result, a high L-cysteine yield of 250 mM was achieved at pH 9.1, which was obtained from a combination of optimum pH conditions for ATC solubility and enzymatic conversion. This yield corresponds to approximately 18 times of that in previous reports. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D" title="D">D</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L-2-amino-%CE%942-thiazoline-4-carboxylicacid" title="L-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylicacid">L-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylicacid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enzymatic%20conversion" title=" enzymatic conversion"> enzymatic conversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-substrate%20solubilization" title=" high-substrate solubilization"> high-substrate solubilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L-Cysteine" title=" L-Cysteine"> L-Cysteine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4128/high-dissolution-of-atc-by-ph-control-and-its-enzymatic-conversion-to-l-cysteine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4128.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">429</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Effects of Plasma Treatment on Seed Germination</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Ho%20Jeon">Yong Ho Jeon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn%20Mi%20Lee"> Youn Mi Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Yoon%20Lee"> Yong Yoon Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Effects of cold plasma treatment on various plant seed germination were studied. The seeds of hot pepper, cucumber, tomato and arabidopsis were exposed to plasma and the plasma was generated in various devices. The germination speed was evaluated compared to an unexposed control. A positive effect on germination speed was observed in all tested seeds but the effects strongly depended on the type of the used plasma device (Argon-DBD, surface-DBD or MARX generator), time of exposure (6s~10min or 1~10shots) and kind of seeds. The SEM images showed that arrays of gold particles along the cell wall were observed on the surface of cucumber seeds showed a germination-accelerating effect by plasma treatment, which was the same as untreated. However, when treated with the high dose plasma, gold particles were not arrayed at the seed surface, it seems that due to the surface etching. This may suggest that the germination is not promoted by etching or damage of surface caused by the plasma treatment. Seedling growth improvement was also observed by indirect plasma treatment. These lead to an important conclusion that the effect of charged particles on plasma play the essential role in plant germination and indirect plasma treatment offers new perspectives for large scale application. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20plasma" title="cold plasma">cold plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cucumber" title=" cucumber"> cucumber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germination" title=" germination"> germination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEM" title=" SEM "> SEM </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49540/effects-of-plasma-treatment-on-seed-germination" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49540.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">315</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Social Network Based Decision Support System for Smart U-Parking Planning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun-Ho%20Park">Jun-Ho Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwang-Woo%20Nam"> Kwang-Woo Nam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung-Mo%20Hong"> Seung-Mo Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae-Heon%20Moon"> Tae-Heon Moon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang-Ho%20Lee"> Sang-Ho Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn-Taik%20Leem"> Youn-Taik Leem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to build ‘Ubi-Net’, a decision-making support system for systematic establishment in U-City planning. We have experienced various urban problems caused by high-density development and population concentrations in established urban areas. To address these problems, a U-Service contributes to the alleviation of urban problems by providing real-time information to citizens through network connections and related information. However, technology, devices, and information for consumers are required for systematic U-Service planning in towns and cities where there are many difficulties in this regard, and a lack of reference systems. Thus, this study suggests methods to support the establishment of sustainable planning by providing comprehensive information including IT technology, devices, news, and social networking services(SNS) to U-City planners through intelligent searches. In this study, we targeted Smart U-Parking Planning to solve parking problems in an ‘old’ city. Through this study, we sought to contribute to supporting advances in U-Space and the alleviation of urban problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=desigin%20and%20decision%20support%20system" title="desigin and decision support system">desigin and decision support system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20u-parking%20planning" title=" smart u-parking planning"> smart u-parking planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20network%20analysis" title=" social network analysis"> social network analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20engineering" title=" urban engineering"> urban engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21719/social-network-based-decision-support-system-for-smart-u-parking-planning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21719.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">426</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Association of Serum Uric Acid Level and Bone Mineral Density of Menopausal Women</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soyeon%20Kang">Soyeon Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn-Jee%20Chung"> Youn-Jee Chung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jung%20Namkung"> Jung Namkung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: This retrospective study investigated the association between uric acid level and bone mineral density (BMD) in the postmenopausal period. Methods: The study included 328 menopausal women (mean age, 57.3 ± 6.5 years; mean serum uric acid level, 4.6 ± 1.0 mg/dL). Patients were divided into three groups by tertile of serum uric acid level. Patients who used hormone treatment (HT), bisphosphonates, or lipid-lowering agents were included. Results: Blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and serum triglyceride levels were significantly higher in the upper uric acid tertiles. No significant difference was found in the mean uric acid levels between medication users and non-users. Distinct HT regimens showed different mean serum uric acid levels. In a cross-sectional analysis, higher serum uric acid levels showed a tendency toward increased BMD in the spine and femoral neck. Longitudinal analysis of 186 women who underwent follow-up examination at a mean interval of 14.6 months revealed a trend toward a smaller reduction in femoral neck BMD in women in the upper serum uric acid tertiles. Conclusion: A positive correlation exists between serum uric acid levels and BMD in menopausal women. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=menopause" title="menopause">menopause</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant" title=" antioxidant"> antioxidant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uric%20acid" title=" uric acid"> uric acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20mineral%20density" title=" bone mineral density"> bone mineral density</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115923/association-of-serum-uric-acid-level-and-bone-mineral-density-of-menopausal-women" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115923.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Experimental Investigation of Fluid Dynamic Effects on Crystallisation Scale Growth and Suppression in Agitation Tank</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prasanjit%20Das">Prasanjit Das</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20M.%20K.%20Khan"> M. M. K. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20G.%20Rasul"> M. G. Rasul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jie%20Wu"> Jie Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Youn"> I. Youn </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mineral scale formation is undoubtedly a more serious problem in the mineral industry than other process industries. To better understand scale growth and suppression, an experimental model is proposed in this study for supersaturated crystallised solutions commonly found in mineral process plants. In this experiment, surface crystallisation of potassium nitrate (KNO3) on the wall of the agitation tank and agitation effects on the scale growth and suppression are studied. The new quantitative scale suppression model predicts that at lower agitation speed, the scale growth rate is enhanced and at higher agitation speed, the scale suppression rate increases due to the increased flow erosion effect. A lab-scale agitation tank with and without baffles were used as a benchmark in this study. The fluid dynamic effects on scale growth and suppression in the agitation tank with three different size impellers (diameter 86, 114, 160 mm and model A310 with flow number 0.56) at various ranges of rotational speed (up to 700 rpm) and solution with different concentration (4.5, 4.75 and 5.25 mol/dm3) were investigated. For more elucidation, the effects of the different size of the impeller on wall surface scale growth and suppression rate as well as bottom settled scale accumulation rate are also discussed. Emphasis was placed on applications in the mineral industry, although results are also relevant to other industrial applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agitation%20tank" title="agitation tank">agitation tank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystallisation" title=" crystallisation"> crystallisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impeller%20speed" title=" impeller speed"> impeller speed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scale" title=" scale"> scale</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80970/experimental-investigation-of-fluid-dynamic-effects-on-crystallisation-scale-growth-and-suppression-in-agitation-tank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80970.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Biological Activities of Flaxseed Peptides (Linusorbs)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn%20Young%20Shim">Youn Young Shim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%20Hye%20Kim"> Ji Hye Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae%20Youl%20Cho"> Jae Youl Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20J.%20T.%20Reaney"> Martin J. T. Reaney</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is gaining popularity in the food industry as a superfood due to its health-promoting properties. The flax plant synthesizes an array of biologically active cyclic peptides or linusorbs (LOs, a.k.a. cyclolinopeptides) from three or more ribosome-derived precursors. [1–9-NαC]-linusorb B3 and [1–9-NαC]-linusorb B2, suppress immunity, induce apoptosis in human epithelial cancer cell line (Calu-3) cells, and inhibit T-cell proliferation, but the mechanism of LOs action is unknown. Using gene expression analysis in nematode cultures and human cancer cell lines, we have observed that LOs exert their activity, in part, through induction of apoptosis. Specific LOs’ properties include: 1) distribution throughout the body after flaxseed consumption; 2) induce heat shock protein (HSP) 70A production as an indicator of stress and address the issue in Caenorhabditis elegans (exposure of nematode cultures to [1–9-NαC]-linusorb B3 induced a 30% increase in production of the HSP 70A protein); 3) induce apoptosis in Calu-3 cells; and 4) modulate regulatory genes in microarray analysis. These diverse activities indicate that LOs might induce apoptosis in cancer cells or act as versatile platforms to deliver a variety of biologically active molecules for cancer therapy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flaxseed" title="flaxseed">flaxseed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linusorb" title=" linusorb"> linusorb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20peptide" title=" cyclic peptide"> cyclic peptide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orbitides" title=" orbitides"> orbitides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20shock%20protein" title=" heat shock protein"> heat shock protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title=" apoptosis"> apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-cancer" title=" anti-cancer"> anti-cancer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148070/biological-activities-of-flaxseed-peptides-linusorbs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148070.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> The Effect of SIRT1 on NLRP3 (Nucleotide Oligomerization Domain-Like Receptor Family, Pyrin Domain Containing 3) Inflammasome of Osteoarthritis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=So%20Youn%20Park">So Youn Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi%20Sle%20Lee"> Yi Sle Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ki%20Whan%20Hong"> Ki Whan Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chi%20Dae%20Kim"> Chi Dae Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The role of metabolism in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis is an emerging field. Metabolic alterations may be a role in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis, and these changes influence joint destruction via several cytokine. Especially, in OA patients, levels of IL-1β are elevated in the synovial fluid, synovial membrane, subchondral bone, and cartilage. The IL-1β is activated by NLRP3 inflammasomes, and NLRP3 inflammasomes are cytosolic complexes that drive the production of other inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β. In this study, we examined that SIRT1 suppresses IL-1β through inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasomes and SIRT1 ameliorates osteoarthritis. OA fibroblasts were isolated from synovium of OA patients. IL-1β and NLRP3 were detected in synovium of OA patients by immunohistochemistry. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) stimulated the expression of active IL-1β mRNA in OA fibroblasts and combination of LPS, and adenosine triphosphate increased more the expression of active IL-1β in OA fibroblasts. The level of IL-1β was measured by western blot and ELISA assay. NLRP3 inflammasomes complex were measured by western blot. SIRT1 did not inhibit expression of NLRP3 inflammasome. So caspase-1, apoptotic speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) and NLRP3 protein were expressed in OA fibroblasts. But SIRT1 suppressed activation of IL-1β by inhibiting activity of caspase-1 via NLRP3 inflammasome in OA fibroblasts under LPS plus ATP stimulation. These results suggest that SIRT1 is a modulator of NLRP3 inflammasomes in OA fibroblasts and ameliorate IL-1β, so expression of SIRT1 in OA fibroblast may be a potential strategy for OA inflammation treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoarthritis" title="osteoarthritis">osteoarthritis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflammasome" title=" inflammasome"> inflammasome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SIRT1" title=" SIRT1"> SIRT1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IL-1beta" title=" IL-1beta"> IL-1beta</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76630/the-effect-of-sirt1-on-nlrp3-nucleotide-oligomerization-domain-like-receptor-family-pyrin-domain-containing-3-inflammasome-of-osteoarthritis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76630.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">199</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Quantification of Peptides (linusorbs) in Gluten-free Flaxseed Fortified Bakery Products</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn%20Young%20Shim">Youn Young Shim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%20Hye%20Kim"> Ji Hye Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae%20Youl%20Cho"> Jae Youl Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20JT%20Reaney"> Martin JT Reaney</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Flaxseed (Linumusitatissimum L.) is gaining popularity in the food industry as a superfood due to its health-promoting properties. Linusorbs (LOs, a.k.a. Cyclolinopeptide) are bioactive compounds present in flaxseed exhibiting potential health effects. The study focused on the effects of processing and storage on the stability of flaxseed-derived LOs added to various bakery products. The flaxseed meal fortified gluten-free (GF) bakery bread was prepared, and the changes of LOs during the bread-making process (meal, fortified flour, dough, and bread) and storage (0, 1, 2, and 4 weeks) at different temperatures (−18 °C, 4 °C, and 22−23 °C) were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection. The total oxidative LOs and LO1OB2 were almost kept stable in flaxseed meals at storage temperatures of 22−23 °C, −18 °C, and 4 °C for up to four weeks. Processing steps during GF-bread production resulted in the oxidation of LOs. Interestingly, no LOs were detected in the dough sample; however, LOs appeared when the dough was stored at −18 °C for one week, suggesting that freezing destroyed the sticky structure of the dough and resulted in the release of LOs. The final product, flaxseed meal fortified bread, could be stored for up to four weeks at −18 °C and 4 °C, and for one week at 22−23 °C. All these results suggested that LOs may change during processing and storage and that flaxseed flour-fortified bread should be stored at low temperatures to preserve effective LOs components. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linum%20usitatissimum%20L." title="linum usitatissimum L.">linum usitatissimum L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flaxseed" title=" flaxseed"> flaxseed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linusorb" title=" linusorb"> linusorb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gluten-free" title=" gluten-free"> gluten-free</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peptides" title=" peptides"> peptides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclolinopeptide" title=" cyclolinopeptide"> cyclolinopeptide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142903/quantification-of-peptides-linusorbs-in-gluten-free-flaxseed-fortified-bakery-products" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142903.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Stability of Novel Peptides (Linusorbs) in Flaxseed Meal Fortified Gluten-Free Bread</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn%20Young%20Shim">Youn Young Shim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20J.%20T.%20Reaney"> Martin J. T. Reaney</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Flaxseed meal is rich in water-soluble gums and, as such, can improve texture in gluten-free products. Flaxseed bioactive-antioxidant peptides, linusorbs (LOs, a.k.a. cyclolinopeptides), are a class of molecules that may contribute health-promoting effects. The effects of dough preparation, baking, and storage on flaxseed-derived LOs stability in doughs and baked products are un-known. Gluten-free (GF) bread dough and bread were prepared with flaxseed meal and the LO content was determined in the flaxseed meal, bread flour containing the flaxseed meal, bread dough, and bread. The LO contents during storage (0, 1, 2, and 4 weeks) at different temperatures (−18 °C, 4 °C, and 22−23 °C) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatog-raphy-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). The content of oxidized LOs like [1–9-NαC],[1(Rs, Ss)-MetO]-linusorb B2 (LO14) were substantially constant in flaxseed meal and flour produced from flaxseed meal under all conditions for up to 4 weeks. However, during GF-bread production LOs decreased. Due to microbial contamination dough could not be stored at either 4 or 21°C, and bread could only be stored for one week at 21°C. Up to 4 weeks storage was possible for bread and dough at −18 °C and bread at 4 °C without the loss of LOs. The LOs change mostly from processing and less so from storage. The concentration of reduced LOs in flour and meal were much higher than measured in dough and bread. There was not a corre-sponding increase in oxidized LOs. The LOs in flaxseed meal-fortified bread were stable for products stored at low temperatures. This study is the first of the impact of baking conditions on LO content and quality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flaxseed" title="flaxseed">flaxseed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gluten-free" title=" gluten-free"> gluten-free</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant" title=" antioxidant"> antioxidant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148071/stability-of-novel-peptides-linusorbs-in-flaxseed-meal-fortified-gluten-free-bread" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148071.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Executive Function in Youth With ADHD and ASD: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parker%20Townes">Parker Townes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prabdeep%20Panesar"> Prabdeep Panesar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chunlin%20Liu"> Chunlin Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soo%20Youn%20Lee"> Soo Youn Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dan%20Devoe"> Dan Devoe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20D.%20Arnold"> Paul D. Arnold</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jennifer%20Crosbie"> Jennifer Crosbie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Russell%20Schachar"> Russell Schachar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are impairing childhood neurodevelopmental disorders with problems in executive functions. Executive functions are higher-level mental processes essential for daily functioning and goal attainment. There is genetic and neural overlap between ADHD and ASD. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate if pediatric ASD and ADHD have distinct executive function profiles. This review was completed following Cochrane guidelines. Fifty-eight articles were identified through database searching, followed by a blinded screening in duplicate. A meta-analysis was performed for all task performance metrics evaluated by at least two articles. Forty-five metrics from 24 individual tasks underwent analysis. No differences were found between youth with ASD and ADHD in any domain under direct comparison. However, individuals with ASD and ADHD exhibited deficient attention, flexibility, visuospatial abilities, working memory, processing speed, and response inhibition compared to controls. No deficits in planning were noted in either disorder. Only 11 studies included a group with comorbid ASD+ADHD, making it difficult to determine whether common executive function deficits are a function of comorbidity. Further research is needed to determine if comorbidity accounts for the apparent commonality in executive function between ASD and ADHD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism%20spectrum%20disorder" title="autism spectrum disorder">autism spectrum disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ADHD" title=" ADHD"> ADHD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neurocognition" title=" neurocognition"> neurocognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20function" title=" executive function"> executive function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=youth" title=" youth"> youth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156448/executive-function-in-youth-with-adhd-and-asd-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156448.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Evaluation of the Safety and Performance of Blood Culture Practices Using BD Safety-Lokᵀᴹ Blood Collection Sets in the Emergency Room</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeonghyun%20Chang">Jeonghyun Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taegeun%20Lee"> Taegeun Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heungsup%20Sung"> Heungsup Sung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoon-Seon%20Lee"> Yoon-Seon Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn-Jung%20Kim"> Youn-Jung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mi-Na%20Kim"> Mi-Na Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Safety device has been applied to improve safety and performance of blood culture practice. BD vacutainer® Safety-Lokᵀᴹ blood collection sets with pre-attached holder (Safety-Lok) (BD, USA) was evaluated in the emergency room (ER) of a tertiary care hospital. Methods: From April to June 2017, interns and nurses in ER were surveyed for blood culture practices with a questionnaire before and after 2 or 3 weeks of experience of Safety-Lok. All of them participated in exercise workshop for 1 hour combined with video education prior to the initial survey. The blood volume, positive and contamination rates of Safety-Lok-drawn (SD) blood cultures were compared to those of overall blood cultures. Results: Eighteen interns and 30 nurses were enrolled. As a result of the initial survey, interns had higher rates of needlestick incidence (27.8%), carriage of the blood-filled syringe with needle (88.9%) and lower rates of vacutainer use (38.9%) than nurses (13.3%, 53.3%, and 60.0%). Interns preferred to use safety devices (88.9%) rather than nurses (40.0%). The number of overall blood cultures and SD blood cultures was 9,053 and 555, respectively. While the overall blood volume of aerobic bottles was 2.6±2.1 mL, those of SD blood cultures were 5.0±3.0 mL in aerobic bottles and 6.0±3.0 mL in anaerobic bottles. Positive and contamination rates were 6.5% and 0.72% with SD blood cultures and 6.2% and 0.3% with overall blood cultures. Conclusions: The introduction of the safety device would encourage healthcare workers to collect adequate blood volume as well as lead to safer practices in the ER. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20culture" title="blood culture">blood culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=needlestick" title=" needlestick"> needlestick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20device" title=" safety device"> safety device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volume" title=" volume"> volume</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90313/evaluation-of-the-safety-and-performance-of-blood-culture-practices-using-bd-safety-lok-blood-collection-sets-in-the-emergency-room" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90313.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">207</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Development of pm2.5 Forecasting System in Seoul, South Korea Using Chemical Transport Modeling and ConvLSTM-DNN</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji-Seok%20Koo">Ji-Seok Koo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hee%E2%80%91Yong%20Kwon"> Hee‑Yong Kwon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hui-Young%20Yun"> Hui-Young Yun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyung-Hui%20Wang"> Kyung-Hui Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn-Seo%20Koo"> Youn-Seo Koo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a forecasting system for PM2.5 levels in Seoul, South Korea, leveraging a combination of chemical transport modeling and ConvLSTM-DNN machine learning technology. Exposure to PM2.5 has known detrimental impacts on public health, making its prediction crucial for establishing preventive measures. Existing forecasting models, like the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) and Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF), are hindered by their reliance on uncertain input data, such as anthropogenic emissions and meteorological patterns, as well as certain intrinsic model limitations. The system we've developed specifically addresses these issues by integrating machine learning and using carefully selected input features that account for local and distant sources of PM2.5. In South Korea, the PM2.5 concentration is greatly influenced by both local emissions and long-range transport from China, and our model effectively captures these spatial and temporal dynamics. Our PM2.5 prediction system combines the strengths of advanced hybrid machine learning algorithms, convLSTM and DNN, to improve upon the limitations of the traditional CMAQ model. Data used in the system include forecasted information from CMAQ and WRF models, along with actual PM2.5 concentration and weather variable data from monitoring stations in China and South Korea. The system was implemented specifically for Seoul's PM2.5 forecasting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PM2.5%20forecast" title="PM2.5 forecast">PM2.5 forecast</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convLSTM" title=" convLSTM"> convLSTM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNN" title=" DNN"> DNN</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169596/development-of-pm25-forecasting-system-in-seoul-south-korea-using-chemical-transport-modeling-and-convlstm-dnn" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169596.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">54</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Transcriptome Analysis of Protestia brevitarsis seulensis with Focus On Wing Development and Metamorphosis in Developmental Stages</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jihye%20Hwang">Jihye Hwang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eun%20Hwa%20Choi"> Eun Hwa Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Su%20Youn%20Baek"> Su Youn Baek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bia%20Park"> Bia Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gyeongmin%20Kim"> Gyeongmin Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chorong%20Shin"> Chorong Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joon%20Ha%20Lee"> Joon Ha Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae-Sam%20Hwang"> Jae-Sam Hwang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ui%20Wook%20Hwang"> Ui Wook Hwang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> White-spotted flower chafers are widely distributed in Asian countries and traditionally used for the treatment of chronic fatigue, blood circulation, and paralysis in the oriental medicine field. The evolution and development of insect wings and metamorphosis remain under-discovered subjects in arthropod evolutionary researches. Gene expression abundance analyses along with developmental stages based on the large-scale RNA-seq data are also still rarely done. Here we report the de novo assembly of a Protestia brevitarsis seulensis transcriptome along four different developmental stages (egg, larva, pupa, and adult) to explore its development and evolution of wings and metamorphosis. The de novo transcriptome assembly consists of 23,551 high-quality transcripts and is approximately 96.7% complete. Out of 8,545 transcripts, 5,183 correspond to the possible orthologs with Drosophila melanogaster. As a result, we could found 265 genes related to wing development and 19 genes related to metamorphosis. The comparison of transcript expression abundance with different developmental stages revealed developmental stage-specific transcripts especially working at the stage of wing development and metamorphosis of P. b. seulensis. This transcriptome quantification along the developmental stages may provide some meaningful clues to elucidate the genetic modulation mechanism of wing development and metamorphosis obtained during the insect evolution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=white-spotted%20flower%20chafers" title="white-spotted flower chafers">white-spotted flower chafers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transcriptomics" title=" transcriptomics"> transcriptomics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RNA-seq" title=" RNA-seq"> RNA-seq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20biology" title=" network biology"> network biology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wing%20development" title=" wing development"> wing development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metamorphosis" title=" metamorphosis"> metamorphosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138739/transcriptome-analysis-of-protestia-brevitarsis-seulensis-with-focus-on-wing-development-and-metamorphosis-in-developmental-stages" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138739.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">229</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Preparation and Removal Properties of Hollow Fiber Membranes for Drinking Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung%20Moon%20Woo">Seung Moon Woo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn%20Suk%20Chung"> Youn Suk Chung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang%20Yong%20Nam"> Sang Yong Nam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present time, we need advanced water treatment technology for separation of virus and bacteria in effluent which occur epidemic and waterborne diseases. Water purification system is mainly divided into two categorizations like reverse osmosis (RO) and ultrafiltration (UF). Membrane used in these systems requires higher durability because of operating in harsh condition. Of these, the membrane using in UF system has many advantages like higher efficiency and lower energy consume for water treatment compared with RO system. In many kinds of membrane, hollow fiber type membrane is possible to make easily and to get optimized property by control of various spinning conditions such as temperature of coagulation bath, concentration of polymer, addition of additive, air gap and internal coagulation. In this study, polysulfone hollow fiber membrane was successfully prepared by phase inversion method for separation of virus and bacteria. When we prepare the hollow fiber membrane, we controlled various factors such as the polymer concentration, air gap and internal coagulation to investigate effect to membrane property. Morphology of surface and cross section of membrane were measured by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). Water flux of membrane was measured using test modules. Mean pore diameter of membrane was calculated using rejection of polystyrene (PS) latex beads for separation of virus and bacteria. Flux and mean flow pore diameter of prepared membrane show 1.5 LPM, 0.03 μm at 1.0 kgf/cm2. The bacteria and virus removal performance of prepared UF membranes were over 6 logs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hollow%20fiber%20membrane" title="hollow fiber membrane">hollow fiber membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drinking%20water" title=" drinking water"> drinking water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrafiltration" title=" ultrafiltration"> ultrafiltration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title=" bacteria"> bacteria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55533/preparation-and-removal-properties-of-hollow-fiber-membranes-for-drinking-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55533.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads 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