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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Classification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Classification</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Classification-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Classification subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Classification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Natural_compounds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natural_compounds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Natural compounds</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natural_compounds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Synthetic_compounds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Synthetic_compounds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Synthetic compounds</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Synthetic_compounds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biotechnology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biotechnology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Biotechnology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biotechnology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Databases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Databases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Databases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Databases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Structure_determination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structure_determination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Structure determination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Structure_determination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Organic compound</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 95 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-95" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">95 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organiese_verbinding" title="Organiese verbinding – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Organiese verbinding" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A8_%D8%B9%D8%B6%D9%88%D9%8A" title="مركب عضوي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مركب عضوي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compuestu_org%C3%A1nicu" title="Compuestu orgánicu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Compuestu orgánicu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95" title="कार्बनिक यौगिक – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="कार्बनिक यौगिक" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Czvi_madd%C9%99l%C9%99r" title="Üzvi maddələr – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Üzvi maddələr" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%85%D9%87" title="اورقانیک بیرلشمه – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اورقانیک بیرلشمه" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%AC_%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%97" title="জৈব যৌগ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জৈব যৌগ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%BA-ki_ho%C3%A0-ha%CC%8Dp-bu%CC%8Dt" title="Iú-ki hoà-ha̍p-bu̍t – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Iú-ki hoà-ha̍p-bu̍t" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Арганічнае рэчыва – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Арганічнае рэчыва" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Арганічныя рэчывы – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Арганічныя рэчывы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organikong_kompwesto" title="Organikong kompwesto – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Organikong kompwesto" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Органично съединение – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Органично съединение" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organski_spoj" title="Organski spoj – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Organski spoj" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compost_org%C3%A0nic" title="Compost orgànic – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Compost orgànic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D1%8F%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85" title="Органикăлла япалалăх – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Органикăлла япалалăх" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organick%C3%A1_slou%C4%8Denina" title="Organická sloučenina – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Organická sloučenina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisk_forbindelse" title="Organisk forbindelse – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Organisk forbindelse" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organische_Verbindung" title="Organische Verbindung – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Organische Verbindung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orgaanilised_%C3%BChendid" title="Orgaanilised ühendid – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Orgaanilised ühendid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Οργανική ένωση – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οργανική ένωση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compuesto_org%C3%A1nico" title="Compuesto orgánico – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Compuesto orgánico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organika_kombina%C4%B5o" title="Organika kombinaĵo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Organika kombinaĵo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konposatu_organiko" title="Konposatu organiko – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Konposatu organiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A8_%D8%A2%D9%84%DB%8C" title="ترکیب آلی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ترکیب آلی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compos%C3%A9_organique" title="Composé organique – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Composé organique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comhdh%C3%BAil_org%C3%A1nach" title="Comhdhúil orgánach – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Comhdhúil orgánach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-vunstoo_orgaanagh" title="Co-vunstoo orgaanagh – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Co-vunstoo orgaanagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materia_org%C3%A1nica" title="Materia orgánica – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Materia orgánica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%85%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Органикай хӀамаш – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Органикай хӀамаш" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C3%BB-k%C3%AE_Fa-ha%CC%8Dp-vu%CC%8Dt" title="Yû-kî Fa-ha̍p-vu̍t – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Yû-kî Fa-ha̍p-vu̍t" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EA%B8%B0_%ED%99%94%ED%95%A9%EB%AC%BC" title="유기 화합물 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="유기 화합물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D6%80%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Օրգանական միացություններ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օրգանական միացություններ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95" title="कार्बनिक यौगिक – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कार्बनिक यौगिक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organski_spoj" title="Organski spoj – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Organski spoj" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senyawa_organik" title="Senyawa organik – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Senyawa organik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composito_organic" title="Composito organic – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Composito organic" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADfr%C3%A6nt_efnasamband" title="Lífrænt efnasamband – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Lífrænt efnasamband" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composto_organico" title="Composto organico – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Composto organico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%91%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="תרכובת אורגנית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תרכובת אורגנית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ორგანული ნივთიერებები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ორგანული ნივთიერებები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D2%9B%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Органикалық қосылыстар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Органикалық қосылыстар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kampaundi_ogania" title="Kampaundi ogania – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kampaundi ogania" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konpoze_%C3%B2ganik" title="Konpoze òganik – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Konpoze òganik" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B5" title="ທາດປະສົມອິນຊີ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ທາດປະສົມອິນຊີ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisk%C4%81s_vielas" title="Organiskās vielas – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Organiskās vielas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organinis_junginys" title="Organinis junginys – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Organinis junginys" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organische_verbinjing" title="Organische verbinjing – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Organische verbinjing" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumpost_urganich" title="Cumpost urganich – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Cumpost urganich" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szerves_vegy%C3%BClet" title="Szerves vegyület – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szerves vegyület" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Органско соединение – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Органско соединение" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE" title="കാർബണിക സംയുക്തങ്ങൾ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കാർബണിക സംയുക്തങ്ങൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_ta%27_kimi%C4%8Bi_organi%C4%8Bi" title="Lista ta' kimiċi organiċi – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Lista ta' kimiċi organiċi" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebatian_organik" title="Sebatian organik – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sebatian organik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Органик нэгдэл – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Органик нэгдэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BD%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%92%E1%80%BC%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AB%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="သက်ရှိနွယ် ဒြပ်ပေါင်း – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သက်ရှိနွယ် ဒြပ်ပေါင်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organische_verbinding" title="Organische verbinding – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Organische verbinding" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有機化合物 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="有機化合物" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisk_forbindelse" title="Organisk forbindelse – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Organisk forbindelse" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisk_sambinding" title="Organisk sambinding – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Organisk sambinding" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compausat_organic" title="Compausat organic – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Compausat organic" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompaawundii_orgaanikii" title="Kompaawundii orgaanikii – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Kompaawundii orgaanikii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%97" title="ਕਾਰਬਨੀ ਯੋਗ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਾਰਬਨੀ ਯੋਗ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A8" title="نامیاتی مرکب – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نامیاتی مرکب" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwi%C4%85zki_organiczne" title="Związki organiczne – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Związki organiczne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composto_org%C3%A2nico" title="Composto orgânico – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Composto orgânico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compus_organic" title="Compus organic – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Compus organic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B7%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Органичны злученины – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Органичны злученины" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Органические вещества – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Органические вещества" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_compoond" title="Organic compoond – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Organic compoond" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumpostu_urg%C3%A0nicu" title="Cumpostu urgànicu – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Cumpostu urgànicu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B6%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%BA" title="කාබනික සංයෝගය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කාබනික සංයෝගය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_compound" title="Organic compound – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Organic compound" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organick%C3%A1_zl%C3%BA%C4%8Denina" title="Organická zlúčenina – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Organická zlúčenina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organska_spojina" title="Organska spojina – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Organska spojina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8E%D8%AA%DB%95%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C" title="ئاوێتەی ئەندامی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئاوێتەی ئەندامی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organsko_jedinjenje" title="Organsko jedinjenje – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Organsko jedinjenje" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organsko_jedinjenje" title="Organsko jedinjenje – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Organsko jedinjenje" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanyawa_organik" title="Sanyawa organik – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Sanyawa organik" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orgaaninen_yhdiste" title="Orgaaninen yhdiste – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Orgaaninen yhdiste" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisk_f%C3%B6rening" title="Organisk förening – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Organisk förening" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompuwestong_organiko" title="Kompuwestong organiko – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kompuwestong organiko" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="கரிமச் சேர்மம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கரிமச் சேர்மம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uddis_agman" title="Uddis agman – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Uddis agman" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Органик кушылмалар – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Органик кушылмалар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Carbon-containing chemical compound</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Methane-2D-stereo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Methane-2D-stereo.svg/250px-Methane-2D-stereo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Methane-2D-stereo.svg/330px-Methane-2D-stereo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Methane-2D-stereo.svg/500px-Methane-2D-stereo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="528" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Methane" title="Methane">Methane</a> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1123817410">.mw-parser-output .template-chem2-su{display:inline-block;font-size:80%;line-height:1;vertical-align:-0.35em}.mw-parser-output .template-chem2-su>span{display:block;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output sub.template-chem2-sub{font-size:80%;vertical-align:-0.35em}.mw-parser-output sup.template-chem2-sup{font-size:80%;vertical-align:0.65em}</style><span class="chemf nowrap">CH<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub></span>) is among the simplest organic compounds.</figcaption></figure> <p>Some chemical authorities define an <b>organic compound</b> as a <a href="/wiki/Chemical_compound" title="Chemical compound">chemical compound</a> that contains a <a href="/wiki/Carbon%E2%80%93hydrogen_bond" title="Carbon–hydrogen bond">carbon–hydrogen</a> or <a href="/wiki/Carbon%E2%80%93carbon_bond" title="Carbon–carbon bond">carbon–carbon bond</a>; others consider an organic compound to be any chemical compound that contains carbon. For example, carbon-containing compounds such as <a href="/wiki/Alkane" title="Alkane">alkanes</a> (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Methane" title="Methane">methane</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">CH<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub></span>) and its derivatives are universally considered organic, but many others are sometimes considered <a href="/wiki/Inorganic_compound" title="Inorganic compound">inorganic</a>, such as certain compounds of carbon with <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">nitrogen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oxygen" title="Oxygen">oxygen</a> (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Cyanide" title="Cyanide">cyanide</a> ion <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">CN<sup class="template-chem2-sup">−</sup></span>, <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_cyanide" title="Hydrogen cyanide">hydrogen cyanide</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">HCN</span>, <a href="/wiki/Chloroformic_acid" title="Chloroformic acid">chloroformic acid</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">ClCO<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>H</span>, <a href="/wiki/Carbon_dioxide" title="Carbon dioxide">carbon dioxide</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">CO<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span>, and <a href="/wiki/Carbonate" title="Carbonate">carbonate</a> ion <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">CO<span class="template-chem2-su"><span>2−</span><span>3</span></span></span>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Due to carbon's ability to <a href="/wiki/Catenation" title="Catenation">catenate</a> (form chains with other carbon <a href="/wiki/Atom" title="Atom">atoms</a>), millions of organic compounds are known. The study of the properties, reactions, and syntheses of organic compounds comprise the discipline known as <a href="/wiki/Organic_chemistry" title="Organic chemistry">organic chemistry</a>. For historical reasons, a few classes of carbon-containing compounds (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Carbonate" title="Carbonate">carbonate salts</a> and cyanide salts), along with a few other exceptions (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Carbon_dioxide" title="Carbon dioxide">carbon dioxide</a>, and even hydrogen cyanide despite the fact it contains a carbon-hydrogen bond), are generally considered <a href="/wiki/Inorganic_chemistry" title="Inorganic chemistry">inorganic</a>. Other than those just named, little consensus exists among <a href="/wiki/Chemist" title="Chemist">chemists</a> on precisely which carbon-containing compounds are excluded, making any rigorous definition of an organic compound elusive.<sup id="cite_ref-text_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-text-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although organic compounds make up only a small percentage of <a href="/wiki/Earth%27s_crust" title="Earth's crust">Earth's crust</a>, they are of central importance because all known life is based on organic compounds. Living things incorporate inorganic carbon compounds into organic compounds through a network of processes (the <a href="/wiki/Carbon_cycle" title="Carbon cycle">carbon cycle</a>) that begins with the conversion of carbon dioxide and a hydrogen source like <a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">water</a> into <a href="/wiki/Monosaccharide" title="Monosaccharide">simple sugars</a> and other organic <a href="/wiki/Molecule" title="Molecule">molecules</a> by <a href="/wiki/Autotroph" title="Autotroph">autotrophic organisms</a> using light (<a href="/wiki/Photosynthesis" title="Photosynthesis">photosynthesis</a>) or other sources of energy. Most synthetically-produced organic compounds are ultimately derived from <a href="/wiki/Petrochemical" title="Petrochemical">petrochemicals</a> consisting mainly of <a href="/wiki/Hydrocarbon" title="Hydrocarbon">hydrocarbons</a>, which are themselves formed from the high pressure and temperature degradation of organic matter underground over geological timescales.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This ultimate derivation notwithstanding, organic compounds are no longer defined as compounds originating in living things, as they were historically. </p><p>In chemical nomenclature, an <a href="/wiki/Organyl_group" title="Organyl group">organyl group</a>, frequently represented by the letter R, refers to any <a href="/wiki/Valence_(chemistry)" title="Valence (chemistry)">monovalent</a> <a href="/wiki/Substituent" title="Substituent">substituent</a> whose open valence is on a carbon atom.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definition">Definition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organic_compound&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Definition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For historical reasons discussed below, a few types of carbon-containing compounds, such as <a href="/wiki/Carbide" title="Carbide">carbides</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carbonate" title="Carbonate">carbonates</a> (excluding <a href="/wiki/Carbonate_ester" title="Carbonate ester">carbonate esters</a>), simple <a href="/wiki/Oxides_of_carbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxides of carbon">oxides of carbon</a> (for example, <a href="/wiki/Carbon_monoxide" title="Carbon monoxide">CO</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carbon_dioxide" title="Carbon dioxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">CO<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a>) and <a href="/wiki/Cyanide" title="Cyanide">cyanides</a> are generally considered <a href="/wiki/Inorganic_compound" title="Inorganic compound">inorganic compounds</a>. Different forms (<a href="/wiki/Allotropes" class="mw-redirect" title="Allotropes">allotropes</a>) of pure carbon, such as <a href="/wiki/Diamond" title="Diamond">diamond</a>, <a href="/wiki/Graphite" title="Graphite">graphite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fullerene" title="Fullerene">fullerenes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carbon_nanotube" title="Carbon nanotube">carbon nanotubes</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are also excluded because they are simple substances composed of a single element and so not generally considered <a href="/wiki/Chemical_compound" title="Chemical compound">chemical compounds</a>. The word "organic" in this context does not mean "natural".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organic_compound&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vitalism">Vitalism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organic_compound&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Vitalism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Vitalism" title="Vitalism">Vitalism</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Vitalism" title="Vitalism">Vitalism</a> was a widespread conception that substances found in organic nature are formed from the chemical elements by the action of a "vital force"<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_1998_l574_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_1998_l574-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or "life-force" (<i>vis vitalis</i>) that only living organisms possess.<sup id="cite_ref-Naylor_2023_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Naylor_2023-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1810s, <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6ns_Jacob_Berzelius" title="Jöns Jacob Berzelius">Jöns Jacob Berzelius</a> argued that a regulative force must exist within living bodies. Berzelius also contended that compounds could be distinguished by whether they required any organisms in their <a href="/wiki/Biosynthesis" title="Biosynthesis">synthesis</a> (organic compounds) or whether they did not (<a href="/wiki/Inorganic_compounds" class="mw-redirect" title="Inorganic compounds">inorganic compounds</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vitalism taught that formation of these "organic" compounds were fundamentally different from the "inorganic" compounds that could be obtained from the elements by chemical manipulations in laboratories.<sup id="cite_ref-Coulter_2019_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coulter_2019-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Routledge_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy_2024_c869_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Routledge_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy_2024_c869-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vitalism survived for a short period after the formulation of modern ideas about the <a href="/wiki/Atomic_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Atomic theory">atomic theory</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chemical_element" title="Chemical element">chemical elements</a>. It first came under question in 1824, when <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_W%C3%B6hler" title="Friedrich Wöhler">Friedrich Wöhler</a> synthesized <a href="/wiki/Oxalic_acid" title="Oxalic acid">oxalic acid</a>, a compound known to occur only in living organisms, from <a href="/wiki/Cyanogen" title="Cyanogen">cyanogen</a>. A further experiment was <a href="/wiki/W%C3%B6hler_synthesis" title="Wöhler synthesis">Wöhler's 1828 synthesis</a> of <a href="/wiki/Urea" title="Urea">urea</a> from the inorganic <a href="/wiki/Salt_(chemistry)" title="Salt (chemistry)">salts</a> <a href="/wiki/Potassium_cyanate" title="Potassium cyanate">potassium cyanate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ammonium_sulfate" title="Ammonium sulfate">ammonium sulfate</a>. Urea had long been considered an "organic" compound, as it was known to occur only in the urine of living organisms. Wöhler's experiments were followed by many others, in which increasingly complex "organic" substances were produced from "inorganic" ones without the involvement of any living organism, thus disproving vitalism.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_classification_and_ambiguities">Modern classification and ambiguities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organic_compound&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Modern classification and ambiguities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:L-isoleucine-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/L-isoleucine-3D-balls.png/180px-L-isoleucine-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/L-isoleucine-3D-balls.png/270px-L-isoleucine-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/L-isoleucine-3D-balls.png/360px-L-isoleucine-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1086" data-file-height="1100" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Isoleucine" title="Isoleucine"><small>L</small>-isoleucine</a> molecule, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">C<sub class="template-chem2-sub">6</sub>H<sub class="template-chem2-sub">13</sub>NO<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span>, showing features typical of organic compounds. Carbon atoms are in black, hydrogens gray, oxygens red, and nitrogen blue.</figcaption></figure> <p>Although vitalism has been discredited, scientific nomenclature retains the distinction between <i>organic</i> and <i>inorganic</i> compounds. The modern meaning of <i>organic compound</i> is any compound that contains a significant amount of carbon—even though many of the organic compounds known today have no connection to any substance found in living organisms. The term <i>carbogenic</i> has been proposed by <a href="/wiki/E._J._Corey" class="mw-redirect" title="E. J. Corey">E. J. Corey</a> as a modern alternative to <i>organic</i>, but this neologism remains relatively obscure.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The organic compound <a href="/wiki/Isoleucine" title="Isoleucine"><small>L</small>-isoleucine</a> molecule presents some features typical of organic compounds: <a href="/wiki/Carbon%E2%80%93carbon_bond" title="Carbon–carbon bond">carbon–carbon bonds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carbon%E2%80%93hydrogen_bond" title="Carbon–hydrogen bond">carbon–hydrogen bonds</a>, as well as covalent bonds from carbon to oxygen and to nitrogen.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>As described in detail below, any definition of organic compound that uses simple, broadly-applicable criteria turns out to be unsatisfactory, to varying degrees. The modern, commonly accepted definition of organic compound essentially amounts to any carbon-containing compound, excluding several classes of substances traditionally considered "inorganic". The list of substances so excluded varies from author to author. Still, it is generally agreed upon that there are (at least) a few carbon-containing compounds that should not be considered organic. For instance, almost all authorities would require the exclusion of <a href="/wiki/Alloys" class="mw-redirect" title="Alloys">alloys</a> that contain carbon, including <a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">steel</a> (which contains <a href="/wiki/Cementite" title="Cementite">cementite</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">Fe<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub>C</span>), as well as other metal and semimetal carbides (including "ionic" carbides, e.g, <a href="/wiki/Al4C3" class="mw-redirect" title="Al4C3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">Al<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub>C<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> and <a href="/wiki/Calcium_carbide" title="Calcium carbide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">CaC<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a> and "covalent" carbides, e.g. <a href="/wiki/Boron_carbide" title="Boron carbide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">B<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub>C</span></a> and <a href="/wiki/Silicon_carbide" title="Silicon carbide">SiC</a>, and graphite intercalation compounds, e.g. <a href="/wiki/Graphite_intercalation_compound" title="Graphite intercalation compound"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">KC<sub class="template-chem2-sub">8</sub></span></a>). Other compounds and materials that are considered 'inorganic' by most authorities include: metal <a href="/wiki/Carbonates" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbonates">carbonates</a>, simple <a href="/wiki/Oxides" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxides">oxides</a> of carbon (<a href="/wiki/Carbon_monoxide" title="Carbon monoxide">CO</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carbon_dioxide" title="Carbon dioxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">CO<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a>, and arguably, <a href="/wiki/Carbon_suboxide" title="Carbon suboxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">C<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub>O<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a>), the <a href="/wiki/Allotropes" class="mw-redirect" title="Allotropes">allotropes</a> of carbon, <a href="/wiki/Cyanides" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyanides">cyanide</a> derivatives not containing an organic residue (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Potassium_cyanide" title="Potassium cyanide">KCN</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cyanogen" title="Cyanogen"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">(CN)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Cyanogen_bromide" title="Cyanogen bromide">BrCN</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cyanate" title="Cyanate">cyanate</a> anion <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">OCN<sup class="template-chem2-sup">−</sup></span>, etc.), and heavier analogs thereof (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Cyaphide" title="Cyaphide">cyaphide</a> anion <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">CP<sup class="template-chem2-sup">−</sup></span>, <a href="/wiki/Carbon_diselenide" title="Carbon diselenide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">CSe<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Carbonyl_sulfide" title="Carbonyl sulfide">COS</a>; although <a href="/wiki/Carbon_disulfide" title="Carbon disulfide">carbon disulfide</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">CS<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span> is often classed as an <i>organic</i> solvent). Halides of carbon without hydrogen (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Carbon_tetrafluoride" title="Carbon tetrafluoride"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">CF<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub></span></a> and <a href="/wiki/Chlorotrifluoromethane" title="Chlorotrifluoromethane"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">CClF<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a>), <a href="/wiki/Phosgene" title="Phosgene">phosgene</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">COCl<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span>), <a href="/wiki/Carborane" title="Carborane">carboranes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metal_carbonyl" title="Metal carbonyl">metal carbonyls</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Nickel_tetracarbonyl" title="Nickel tetracarbonyl">nickel tetracarbonyl</a>), <a href="/wiki/Mellitic_anhydride" title="Mellitic anhydride">mellitic anhydride</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">C<sub class="template-chem2-sub">12</sub>O<sub class="template-chem2-sub">9</sub></span>), and other exotic <a href="/wiki/Oxocarbon" title="Oxocarbon">oxocarbons</a> are also considered inorganic by some authorities.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Nickel_tetracarbonyl" title="Nickel tetracarbonyl">Nickel tetracarbonyl</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">Ni(CO)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub></span>) and other metal carbonyls are often volatile liquids, like many organic compounds, yet they contain only carbon bonded to a transition metal and to oxygen, and are often prepared directly from metal and <a href="/wiki/Carbon_monoxide" title="Carbon monoxide">carbon monoxide</a>. Nickel tetracarbonyl is typically classified as an <i><a href="/wiki/Organometallic_compound" class="mw-redirect" title="Organometallic compound">organometallic compound</a></i> as it satisfies the broad definition that <a href="/wiki/Organometallic_chemistry" title="Organometallic chemistry">organometallic chemistry</a> covers all compounds that contain at least one carbon to metal covalent bond; it is unknown whether organometallic compounds form a subset of organic compounds. For example, the evidence of covalent Fe-C bonding in <a href="/wiki/Cementite" title="Cementite">cementite</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a major component of steel, places it within this broad definition of organometallic, yet steel and other carbon-containing alloys are seldom regarded as organic compounds. Thus, it is unclear whether the definition of organometallic should be narrowed, whether these considerations imply that organometallic compounds are not necessarily organic, or both.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Metal complexes with organic ligands but no carbon-metal bonds (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Copper(II)_acetate" title="Copper(II) acetate"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">(CH<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub>CO<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>Cu</span></a>) are not considered organometallic; instead, they are called <a href="/wiki/Metal-organic_compound" title="Metal-organic compound">metal-organic compounds</a> (and might be considered organic). </p><p>The relatively narrow definition of organic compounds as those containing C-H bonds excludes compounds that are (historically and practically) considered organic. Neither <a href="/wiki/Urea" title="Urea">urea</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">CO(NH<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span> nor <a href="/wiki/Oxalic_acid" title="Oxalic acid">oxalic acid</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">(COOH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span> are organic by this definition, yet they were two key compounds in the vitalism debate. However, the <a href="/wiki/Nomenclature_of_Organic_Chemistry" title="Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry">IUPAC Blue Book</a> on organic nomenclature specifically mentions urea<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and oxalic acid<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as organic compounds. Other compounds lacking C-H bonds but traditionally considered organic include <a href="/wiki/Benzenehexol" title="Benzenehexol">benzenehexol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mesoxalic_acid" title="Mesoxalic acid">mesoxalic acid</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Carbon_tetrachloride" title="Carbon tetrachloride">carbon tetrachloride</a>. <a href="/wiki/Mellitic_acid" title="Mellitic acid">Mellitic acid</a>, which contains no C-H bonds, is considered a possible organic compound in <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Martian</a> soil.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Terrestrially, it, and its anhydride, <a href="/wiki/Mellitic_anhydride" title="Mellitic anhydride">mellitic anhydride</a>, are associated with the mineral <a href="/wiki/Mellite" title="Mellite">mellite</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">Al<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>C<sub class="template-chem2-sub">6</sub>(COO)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">6</sub>·16H<sub>2</sub>O</span>). </p><p>A slightly broader definition of the organic compound includes all compounds bearing C-H or C-C bonds. This would still exclude urea. Moreover, this definition still leads to somewhat arbitrary divisions in sets of carbon-halogen compounds. For example, <a href="/wiki/Tetrafluoromethane" class="mw-redirect" title="Tetrafluoromethane"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">CF<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub></span></a> and <a href="/wiki/Carbon_tetrachloride" title="Carbon tetrachloride"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">CCl<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub></span></a> would be considered by this rule to be "inorganic", whereas <a href="/wiki/Fluoroform" title="Fluoroform"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">CHF<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Chloroform" title="Chloroform"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">CHCl<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hexachloroethane" title="Hexachloroethane"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">C<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>Cl<sub class="template-chem2-sub">6</sub></span></a> would be organic, though these compounds share many physical and chemical properties.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classification">Classification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organic_compound&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Classification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Organic_chemistry#_compounds" title="Organic chemistry">Organic chemistry §  compounds</a></div> <p>Organic compounds may be classified in a variety of ways. One major distinction is between natural and synthetic compounds. Organic compounds can also be classified or subdivided by the presence of <a href="/wiki/Heteroatom" title="Heteroatom">heteroatoms</a>, e.g., <a href="/wiki/Organometallic_compound" class="mw-redirect" title="Organometallic compound">organometallic compounds</a>, which feature bonds between carbon and a <a href="/wiki/Metal" title="Metal">metal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Organophosphorus_compound" class="mw-redirect" title="Organophosphorus compound">organophosphorus compounds</a>, which feature bonds between carbon and a <a href="/wiki/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus">phosphorus</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Another distinction, based on the size of organic compounds, distinguishes between <a href="/wiki/Small_molecule" title="Small molecule">small molecules</a> and <a href="/wiki/Polymer" title="Polymer">polymers</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Natural_compounds">Natural compounds</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organic_compound&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Natural compounds"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Natural_compound" class="mw-redirect" title="Natural compound">Natural compounds</a> refer to those that are produced by plants or animals. Many of these are still extracted from natural sources because they would be more expensive to produce artificially. Examples include most <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugars</a>, some <a href="/wiki/Alkaloid" title="Alkaloid">alkaloids</a> and <a href="/wiki/Terpenoid" title="Terpenoid">terpenoids</a>, certain nutrients such as <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_B12" title="Vitamin B12">vitamin B<sub>12</sub></a>, and, in general, those natural products with large or <a href="/wiki/Stereoisomer" class="mw-redirect" title="Stereoisomer">stereoisometrically</a> complicated molecules present in reasonable concentrations in living organisms. </p><p>Further compounds of prime importance in <a href="/wiki/Biochemistry" title="Biochemistry">biochemistry</a> are <a href="/wiki/Antigen" title="Antigen">antigens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carbohydrate" title="Carbohydrate">carbohydrates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enzyme" title="Enzyme">enzymes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hormone" title="Hormone">hormones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid">lipids</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fatty_acid" title="Fatty acid">fatty acids</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neurotransmitter" title="Neurotransmitter">neurotransmitters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nucleic_acid" title="Nucleic acid">nucleic acids</a>, <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">proteins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peptide" title="Peptide">peptides</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amino_acid" title="Amino acid">amino acids</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lectin" title="Lectin">lectins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vitamin" title="Vitamin">vitamins</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fats_and_oils" class="mw-redirect" title="Fats and oils">fats and oils</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Synthetic_compounds">Synthetic compounds</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organic_compound&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Synthetic compounds"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Compounds that are prepared by reaction of other compounds are known as "<a href="/wiki/Chemical_synthesis" title="Chemical synthesis">synthetic</a>". They may be either compounds that are already found in plants/animals or those artificial compounds that do not <a href="/wiki/Naturally_occurring" class="mw-redirect" title="Naturally occurring">occur naturally</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Most <a href="/wiki/Polymer" title="Polymer">polymers</a> (a category that includes all <a href="/wiki/Plastic" title="Plastic">plastics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rubber" class="mw-redirect" title="Rubber">rubbers</a>) are organic synthetic or semi-synthetic compounds. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biotechnology">Biotechnology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organic_compound&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Biotechnology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many organic compounds—two examples are <a href="/wiki/Ethanol" title="Ethanol">ethanol</a> and <a href="/wiki/Insulin" title="Insulin">insulin</a>—are manufactured industrially using organisms such as bacteria and yeast.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Typically, the <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> of an organism is altered to express compounds not ordinarily produced by the organism. Many such <a href="/wiki/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">biotechnology</a>-engineered compounds did not previously exist in nature.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Databases">Databases</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organic_compound&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Databases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Chemical_Abstracts_Service" title="Chemical Abstracts Service">CAS</a></i> database is the most comprehensive repository for data on organic compounds. The search tool <i><a href="/wiki/Chemical_Abstracts_Service#SciFinder" title="Chemical Abstracts Service">SciFinder</a></i> is offered.</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Beilstein_database" title="Beilstein database">Beilstein database</a></i> contains information on 9.8 million substances, covers the scientific literature from 1771 to the present, and is today accessible via <a href="/wiki/Reaxys" title="Reaxys">Reaxys</a>. Structures and a large diversity of physical and chemical properties are available for each substance, with reference to original literature.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a></i> contains 18.4 million entries on compounds and especially covers the field of <a href="/wiki/Medicinal_chemistry" title="Medicinal chemistry">medicinal chemistry</a>.</li></ul> <p>A great number of more specialized databases exist for diverse branches of organic chemistry.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure_determination">Structure determination</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organic_compound&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Structure determination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Structure_determination" class="mw-redirect" title="Structure determination">Structure determination</a></div> <p>The main tools are <a href="/wiki/Proton_NMR" class="mw-redirect" title="Proton NMR">proton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carbon-13_NMR" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon-13 NMR">carbon-13</a> <a href="/wiki/NMR_spectroscopy" class="mw-redirect" title="NMR spectroscopy">NMR spectroscopy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Infrared_spectroscopy" title="Infrared spectroscopy">IR Spectroscopy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mass_spectrometry" title="Mass spectrometry">Mass spectrometry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet%E2%80%93visible_spectroscopy" title="Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy">UV/Vis Spectroscopy</a> and <a href="/wiki/X-ray_crystallography" title="X-ray crystallography">X-ray crystallography</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organic_compound&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inorganic_compound" title="Inorganic compound">Inorganic compound</a> – Chemical compound without any carbon-hydrogen bonds</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_compounds" title="List of compounds">List of chemical compounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_organic_compounds" class="mw-redirect" title="List of organic compounds">List of organic compounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organometallic_chemistry" title="Organometallic chemistry">Organometallic chemistry</a> – Study of organic compounds containing metal(s)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organic_compound&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-text-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-text_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSeagerSlabaugh2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Spencer_L._Seager" title="Spencer L. Seager">Seager, Spencer L.</a>; Slabaugh, Michael R. (2004). <i>Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry</i>. Thomson Brooks/Cole. p. 342. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780534399696" title="Special:BookSources/9780534399696"><bdi>9780534399696</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/155910842">155910842</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chemistry+for+Today%3A+General%2C+Organic%2C+and+Biochemistry&rft.pages=342&rft.pub=Thomson+Brooks%2FCole&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F155910842&rft.isbn=9780534399696&rft.aulast=Seager&rft.aufirst=Spencer+L.&rft.au=Slabaugh%2C+Michael+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganic+compound" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSmith" class="citation web cs1">Smith, Cory. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.afpm.org/petrochemicals/">"Petrochemicals"</a>. <i>American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210911084506/https://www.afpm.org/industries/products/petrochemicals">Archived</a> from the original on 11 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Fuel+%26+Petrochemical+Manufacturers&rft.atitle=Petrochemicals&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Cory&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.afpm.org%2Fpetrochemicals%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganic+compound" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Pure_and_Applied_Chemistry" title="International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry">IUPAC</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/IUPAC_books#Gold_Book" class="mw-redirect" title="IUPAC books">Compendium of Chemical Terminology</a></i>, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/O04329.html">Organyl groups</a>". <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1351%2Fgoldbook.O04329">10.1351/goldbook.O04329</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fullerene <i>derivatives</i> are more frequently considered organic, and <a href="/wiki/Fullerene_chemistry" title="Fullerene chemistry">fullerene chemistry</a> is usually considered a branch of organic chemistry. The methods of organic synthesis have been applied to the rational synthesis of fullerenes and carbon nanotubes.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/careers/chemical-sciences/areas/organic-chemistry.html">"Organic Chemistry"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220916220920/https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/careers/chemical-sciences/areas/organic-chemistry.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-09-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(2017-02-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5300202">"Organic materials database: An open-access online database for data mining"</a>. <i>PLOS ONE</i>. <b>12</b> (2): e0171501. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017PLoSO..1271501B">2017PLoSO..1271501B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0171501">10.1371/journal.pone.0171501</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1932-6203">1932-6203</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5300202">5300202</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28182744">28182744</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+ONE&rft.atitle=Organic+materials+database%3A+An+open-access+online+database+for+data+mining&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=e0171501&rft.date=2017-02-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5300202%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2017PLoSO..1271501B&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28182744&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0171501&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.aulast=Borysov&rft.aufirst=Stanislav+S.&rft.au=Geilhufe%2C+R.+Matthias&rft.au=Balatsky%2C+Alexander+V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5300202&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganic+compound" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ernö Pretsch, Philippe Bühlmann, Martin Badertscher (2009), <i>Structure Determination of Organic Compounds</i> (Fourth, Revised and Enlarged Edition). Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organic_compound&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.colby.edu/chemistry/cmp/cmp.html">Organic Compounds Database</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://omdb.mathub.io">Organic Materials Database</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aluminium_monochloride" title="Aluminium monochloride">Aluminium monochloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aluminium_monofluoride" title="Aluminium monofluoride">Aluminium monofluoride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aluminium(II)_oxide" title="Aluminium(II) oxide">Aluminium(II) oxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argonium" title="Argonium">Argonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_cation" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon cation">Carbon cation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_monophosphide" title="Carbon monophosphide">Carbon monophosphide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_monosulfide" title="Carbon monosulfide">Carbon monosulfide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_monoxide" title="Carbon monoxide">Carbon monoxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyano_radical" title="Cyano radical">Cyano radical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diatomic_carbon" title="Diatomic carbon">Diatomic carbon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluoromethylidynium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fluoromethylidynium (page does not exist)">Fluoromethylidynium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helium_hydride_ion" title="Helium hydride ion">Helium hydride ion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_chloride" title="Hydrogen chloride">Hydrogen chloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_fluoride" title="Hydrogen fluoride">Hydrogen fluoride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">Hydrogen</a> (molecular)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydroxyl_radical" title="Hydroxyl radical">Hydroxyl radical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imidogen" title="Imidogen">Imidogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron(II)_oxide" title="Iron(II) oxide">Iron(II) oxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnesium_monohydride" title="Magnesium monohydride">Magnesium monohydride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylidyne_radical" title="Methylidyne radical">Methylidyne radical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitric_oxide" title="Nitric oxide">Nitric oxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">Nitrogen</a> (molecular)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxygen" title="Oxygen">Oxygen</a> (molecular)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus_monoxide" title="Phosphorus monoxide">Phosphorus monoxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus_mononitride" title="Phosphorus mononitride">Phosphorus mononitride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potassium_chloride" title="Potassium chloride">Potassium chloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicon_carbide" title="Silicon carbide">Silicon carbide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicon_monoxide" title="Silicon monoxide">Silicon monoxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicon_monosulfide" title="Silicon monosulfide">Silicon monosulfide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sodium_chloride" title="Sodium chloride">Sodium chloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sodium_iodide" title="Sodium iodide">Sodium iodide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulfanyl" title="Sulfanyl">Sulfanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulfur_mononitride" title="Sulfur mononitride">Sulfur mononitride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulfur_monoxide" title="Sulfur monoxide">Sulfur monoxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titanium(II)_oxide" title="Titanium(II) oxide">Titanium(II) oxide</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nitrous_oxide" title="Nitrous oxide"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Nitrous-oxide-3D-balls.png/60px-Nitrous-oxide-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Nitrous-oxide-3D-balls.png/90px-Nitrous-oxide-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Nitrous-oxide-3D-balls.png/120px-Nitrous-oxide-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="441" /></a></span> <br /><br /><br /><br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ethanol" title="Ethanol"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Ethanol-3D-balls.png/60px-Ethanol-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Ethanol-3D-balls.png/90px-Ethanol-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Ethanol-3D-balls.png/120px-Ethanol-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="754" /></a></span> <br /><br /><br /><br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Buckminsterfullerene" title="Buckminsterfullerene"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Buckminsterfullerene-perspective-3D-balls.png/60px-Buckminsterfullerene-perspective-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Buckminsterfullerene-perspective-3D-balls.png/120px-Buckminsterfullerene-perspective-3D-balls.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1056" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Triatomic_molecule" title="Triatomic molecule">Triatomic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aluminium(I)_hydroxide" class="mw-redirect" title="Aluminium(I) hydroxide">Aluminium(I) hydroxide</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aluminium_isocyanide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aluminium isocyanide (page does not exist)">Aluminium isocyanide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amino_radical" title="Amino radical">Amino radical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_dioxide" title="Carbon dioxide">Carbon dioxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbonyl_sulfide" title="Carbonyl sulfide">Carbonyl sulfide</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CCP_radical&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CCP radical (page does not exist)">CCP radical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halonium_ion" title="Halonium ion">Chloronium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diazenylium" title="Diazenylium">Diazenylium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicarbon_monoxide" title="Dicarbon monoxide">Dicarbon monoxide</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Disilicon_carbide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Disilicon carbide (page does not exist)">Disilicon carbide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethynyl_radical" title="Ethynyl radical">Ethynyl radical</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Formyl_radical&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Formyl radical (page does not exist)">Formyl radical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_cyanide" title="Hydrogen cyanide">Hydrogen cyanide</a> (HCN)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_isocyanide" title="Hydrogen isocyanide">Hydrogen isocyanide</a> (HNC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_sulfide" title="Hydrogen sulfide">Hydrogen sulfide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydroperoxyl" title="Hydroperoxyl">Hydroperoxyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron(II)_cyanide" title="Iron(II) cyanide">Iron cyanide</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isoformyl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isoformyl (page does not exist)">Isoformyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnesium_cyanide" title="Magnesium cyanide">Magnesium cyanide</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnesium_isocyanide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnesium isocyanide (page does not exist)">Magnesium isocyanide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylene_(compound)" title="Methylene (compound)">Methylene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylidynephosphane" title="Methylidynephosphane">Methylidynephosphane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diazenylium" title="Diazenylium">N<sub>2</sub>H<sup>+</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitrous_oxide" title="Nitrous oxide">Nitrous oxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitroxyl" title="Nitroxyl">Nitroxyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozone" title="Ozone">Ozone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potassium_cyanide" title="Potassium cyanide">Potassium cyanide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sodium_cyanide" title="Sodium cyanide">Sodium cyanide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sodium_hydroxide" title="Sodium hydroxide">Sodium hydroxide</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silicon_carbonitride&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silicon carbonitride (page does not exist)">Silicon carbonitride</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=C-Silicon_dicarbide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C-Silicon dicarbide (page does not exist)">c-Silicon dicarbide</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SiNC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SiNC (page does not exist)">SiNC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulfur_dioxide" title="Sulfur dioxide">Sulfur dioxide</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thioformyl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thioformyl (page does not exist)">Thioformyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thioxoethenylidene" title="Thioxoethenylidene">Thioxoethenylidene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titanium_dioxide" title="Titanium dioxide">Titanium dioxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricarbon" title="Tricarbon">Tricarbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trihydrogen_cation" title="Trihydrogen cation">Trihydrogen cation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">Water</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_interstellar_and_circumstellar_molecules#Molecules" title="List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules">Four<br />atoms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acetylene" title="Acetylene">Acetylene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammonia" title="Ammonia">Ammonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyyne" title="Polyyne">Cyanoethynyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_formaldehyde" title="Interstellar formaldehyde">Formaldehyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulminic_acid" title="Fulminic acid">Fulminic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=HCCN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HCCN (page does not exist)">HCCN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_peroxide" title="Hydrogen peroxide">Hydrogen peroxide</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydromagnesium_isocyanide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hydromagnesium isocyanide (page does not exist)">Hydromagnesium isocyanide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isocyanic_acid" title="Isocyanic acid">Isocyanic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiocyanic_acid" title="Thiocyanic acid">Isothiocyanic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketenyl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ketenyl (page does not exist)">Ketenyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methyl_cation" class="mw-redirect" title="Methyl cation">Methyl cation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methyl_radical" title="Methyl radical">Methyl radical</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Methylene_amidogen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Methylene amidogen (page does not exist)">Methylene amidogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propynylidyne" title="Propynylidyne">Propynylidyne</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protonated_carbon_dioxide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protonated carbon dioxide (page does not exist)">Protonated carbon dioxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protonated_hydrogen_cyanide" title="Protonated hydrogen cyanide">Protonated hydrogen cyanide</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silicon_tricarbide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silicon tricarbide (page does not exist)">Silicon tricarbide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiocyanic_acid" title="Thiocyanic acid">Thiocyanic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thioformaldehyde" title="Thioformaldehyde">Thioformaldehyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricarbon_monosulfide" title="Tricarbon monosulfide">Tricarbon monosulfide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricarbon_monoxide" title="Tricarbon monoxide">Tricarbon monoxide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_interstellar_and_circumstellar_molecules#Molecules" title="List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules">Five<br />atoms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ammonium" title="Ammonium">Ammonium</a> ion</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyyne" title="Polyyne">Butadiynyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbodiimide" title="Carbodiimide">Carbodiimide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyanamide" title="Cyanamide">Cyanamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyanoacetylene" title="Cyanoacetylene">Cyanoacetylene</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyanoformaldehyde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyanoformaldehyde (page does not exist)">Cyanoformaldehyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyanomethyl" title="Cyanomethyl">Cyanomethyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclopropenylidene" title="Cyclopropenylidene">Cyclopropenylidene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formic_acid" title="Formic acid">Formic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isocyanoacetylene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isocyanoacetylene (page does not exist)">Isocyanoacetylene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketene" title="Ketene">Ketene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methane" title="Methane">Methane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methoxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Methoxy">Methoxy radical</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Methylenimine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Methylenimine (page does not exist)">Methylenimine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Propadienylidene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Propadienylidene (page does not exist)">Propadienylidene</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protonated_formaldehyde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protonated formaldehyde (page does not exist)">Protonated formaldehyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silane" title="Silane">Silane</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silicon-carbide_cluster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silicon-carbide cluster (page does not exist)">Silicon-carbide cluster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_interstellar_and_circumstellar_molecules#Molecules" title="List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules">Six<br />atoms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acetonitrile" title="Acetonitrile">Acetonitrile</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyanobutadiynyl_radical&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyanobutadiynyl radical (page does not exist)">Cyanobutadiynyl radical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclopropenone" title="Cyclopropenone">Cyclopropenone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diacetylene" title="Diacetylene">Diacetylene</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=E-Cyanomethanimine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E-Cyanomethanimine (page does not exist)">E-Cyanomethanimine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethylene" title="Ethylene">Ethylene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formamide" title="Formamide">Formamide</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=HC4N&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HC4N (page does not exist)">HC<sub>4</sub>N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketenimine" class="mw-redirect" title="Ketenimine">Ketenimine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methanethiol" title="Methanethiol">Methanethiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methanol" title="Methanol">Methanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methyl_isocyanide" title="Methyl isocyanide">Methyl isocyanide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyyne" title="Polyyne">Pentynylidyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propynal" class="mw-redirect" title="Propynal">Propynal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protonated_cyanoacetylene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protonated cyanoacetylene (page does not exist)">Protonated cyanoacetylene</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_interstellar_and_circumstellar_molecules#Molecules" title="List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules">Seven<br />atoms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acetaldehyde" title="Acetaldehyde">Acetaldehyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acrylonitrile" title="Acrylonitrile">Acrylonitrile</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vinyl_cyanide" class="mw-redirect" title="Vinyl cyanide">Vinyl cyanide</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyanopolyyne" title="Cyanopolyyne">Cyanodiacetylene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethylene_oxide" title="Ethylene oxide">Ethylene oxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glycolonitrile" title="Glycolonitrile">Glycolonitrile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexatriynyl_radical" title="Hexatriynyl radical">Hexatriynyl radical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methyl_isocyanate" title="Methyl isocyanate">Methyl isocyanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylamine" title="Methylamine">Methylamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propyne" title="Propyne">Propyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinyl_alcohol" title="Vinyl alcohol">Vinyl alcohol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_interstellar_and_circumstellar_molecules#Molecules" title="List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules">Eight<br />atoms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acetic_acid" title="Acetic acid">Acetic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acrolein" title="Acrolein">Acrolein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aminoacetonitrile" title="Aminoacetonitrile">Aminoacetonitrile</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyanoallene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyanoallene (page does not exist)">Cyanoallene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethanimine" title="Ethanimine">Ethanimine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glycolaldehyde" title="Glycolaldehyde">Glycolaldehyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyyne" title="Polyyne">Hexapentaenylidene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methyl_formate" title="Methyl formate">Methyl formate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyyne" title="Polyyne">Methylcyanoacetylene</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_interstellar_and_circumstellar_molecules#Molecules" title="List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules">Nine<br />atoms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acetamide" title="Acetamide">Acetamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyanopolyyne" title="Cyanopolyyne">Cyanohexatriyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethyl_ether" title="Dimethyl ether">Dimethyl ether</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethanethiol" title="Ethanethiol">Ethanethiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethanol" title="Ethanol">Ethanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyyne" title="Polyyne">Methyldiacetylene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Methylformamide" title="N-Methylformamide">N-Methylformamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octatetraynyl_radical" title="Octatetraynyl radical">Octatetraynyl radical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propene" class="mw-redirect" title="Propene">Propene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propionitrile" title="Propionitrile">Propionitrile</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_interstellar_and_circumstellar_molecules#Molecules" title="List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules">Ten<br />atoms<br />or more</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acetone" title="Acetone">Acetone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benzene" title="Benzene">Benzene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benzonitrile" title="Benzonitrile">Benzonitrile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckminsterfullerene" title="Buckminsterfullerene">Buckminsterfullerene</a> (C<sub>60</sub>, C<sub>60</sub><sup>+</sup>, fullerene, buckyball)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butyronitrile" title="Butyronitrile">Butyronitrile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C70_fullerene" title="C70 fullerene">C<sub>70</sub> fullerene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyanopolyyne" title="Cyanopolyyne">Cyanodecapentayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethyl_formate" title="Ethyl formate">Ethyl formate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethylene_glycol" title="Ethylene glycol">Ethylene glycol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heptatrienyl_radical&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heptatrienyl radical (page does not exist)">Heptatrienyl radical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methyl_acetate" title="Methyl acetate">Methyl acetate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyanopolyyne" title="Cyanopolyyne">Methyl-cyano-diacetylene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyyne" title="Polyyne">Methyltriacetylene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propionaldehyde" title="Propionaldehyde">Propionaldehyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrimidine" title="Pyrimidine">Pyrimidine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Deuterium" title="Deuterium">Deuterated</a><br />molecules</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ammonia" title="Ammonia">Ammonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammonium" title="Ammonium">Ammonium</a> ion</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formaldehyde" title="Formaldehyde">Formaldehyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_formaldehyde#Interstellar_reactions" title="Interstellar formaldehyde">Formyl radical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_water" title="Heavy water">Heavy water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_cyanide" title="Hydrogen cyanide">Hydrogen cyanide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_deuteride" title="Hydrogen deuteride">Hydrogen deuteride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_isocyanide" title="Hydrogen isocyanide">Hydrogen isocyanide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diazenylium" title="Diazenylium">N<sub>2</sub>D<sup>+</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propyne" title="Propyne">Propyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trihydrogen_cation" title="Trihydrogen cation">Trihydrogen cation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_interstellar_and_circumstellar_molecules#Molecules" title="List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules">Unconfirmed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthracene" title="Anthracene">Anthracene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihydroxyacetone" title="Dihydroxyacetone">Dihydroxyacetone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glycine" title="Glycine">Glycine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphene" title="Graphene">Graphene</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=H2NCO%2B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H2NCO+ (page does not exist)">H<sub>2</sub>NCO<sup>+</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemolithin" title="Hemolithin">Hemolithin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon">Linear C<sub>5</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methoxyethane" title="Methoxyethane">Methoxyethane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naphthalene" title="Naphthalene">Naphthalene cation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphine" title="Phosphine">Phosphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrene" title="Pyrene">Pyrene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silylidyne" title="Silylidyne">Silylidyne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_interstellar_and_circumstellar_molecules#See_also" title="List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules">Related</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abiogenesis" title="Abiogenesis">Abiogenesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrobiology" title="Astrobiology">Astrobiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrochemistry" title="Astrochemistry">Astrochemistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atomic_and_molecular_astrophysics" title="Atomic and molecular astrophysics">Atomic and molecular astrophysics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_formula" title="Chemical formula">Chemical formula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circumstellar_dust" title="Circumstellar dust">Circumstellar dust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circumstellar_envelope" title="Circumstellar envelope">Circumstellar envelope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_dust" title="Cosmic dust">Cosmic dust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_ray" title="Cosmic ray">Cosmic ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmochemistry" title="Cosmochemistry">Cosmochemistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diffuse_interstellar_band" class="mw-redirect" title="Diffuse interstellar band">Diffuse interstellar band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earliest_known_life_forms" title="Earliest known life forms">Earliest known life forms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrial_life" title="Extraterrestrial life">Extraterrestrial life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrial_liquid_water" title="Extraterrestrial liquid water">Extraterrestrial liquid water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forbidden_mechanism" title="Forbidden mechanism">Forbidden mechanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homochirality" title="Homochirality">Homochirality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intergalactic_dust" title="Intergalactic dust">Intergalactic dust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interplanetary_medium" title="Interplanetary medium">Interplanetary medium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_medium" title="Interstellar medium">Interstellar medium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron%E2%80%93sulfur_world_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Iron–sulfur world theory">Iron–sulfur world theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerogen" title="Kerogen">Kerogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molecules_in_stars" title="Molecules in stars">Molecules in stars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_for_Exoplanet_System_Science" title="Nexus for Exoplanet System Science">Nexus for Exoplanet System Science</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Organic compound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outer_space" title="Outer space">Outer space</a></li> <li><a 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