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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Einstein and Eddington</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1230561210">.mw-parser-output .ib-tv{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0 3px;padding:3px 5px}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv .infobox-above{background-color:#CCCCFF;color:inherit;font-size:125%;padding:0.25em 1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv .infobox-header{background-color:#CCCCFF;color:inherit;padding:0.25em 1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv img{background-color:white}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-aka{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-network-release td,.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-network-release th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1}</style><table class="infobox ib-tv vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary"><i>Einstein and Eddington</i></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Einsteinandeddingtondvdcover.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1f/Einsteinandeddingtondvdcover.jpg/215px-Einsteinandeddingtondvdcover.jpg" decoding="async" width="215" height="304" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/1f/Einsteinandeddingtondvdcover.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="375" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">BBC DVD cover, featuring Andy Serkis as Einstein (top) and David Tennant as Eddington (bottom)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Written by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Moffat" title="Peter Moffat">Peter Moffat</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Directed by</th><td class="infobox-data attendee"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Martin_(director)" title="Philip Martin (director)">Philip Martin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Starring</th><td class="infobox-data attendee"><a href="/wiki/Andy_Serkis" title="Andy Serkis">Andy Serkis</a><br /><a href="/wiki/David_Tennant" title="David Tennant">David Tennant</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Cohu" title="Lucy Cohu">Lucy Cohu</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Jim_Broadbent" title="Jim Broadbent">Jim Broadbent</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Hall" title="Rebecca Hall">Rebecca Hall</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Theme music composer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Hooper" title="Nicholas Hooper">Nicholas Hooper</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country of origin</th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Original language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header summary">Production</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Producer</th><td class="infobox-data">Mark Pybus</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Running time</th><td class="infobox-data">89 minutes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Production company</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Company_Pictures" title="Company Pictures">Company Pictures</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header summary">Original release</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Network</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/BBC_Two" title="BBC Two">BBC Two</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Release</th><td class="infobox-data">22 November 2008<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2008-11-22</span>)</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Einstein and Eddington</b></i> is a British single drama produced by <a href="/wiki/Company_Pictures" title="Company Pictures">Company Pictures</a> and the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>, in association with <a href="/wiki/HBO" title="HBO">HBO</a>. It featured <a href="/wiki/David_Tennant" title="David Tennant">David Tennant</a> as British scientist Sir <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Eddington" title="Arthur Eddington">Arthur Stanley Eddington</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Andy_Serkis" title="Andy Serkis">Andy Serkis</a> as <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a>. This is the story of Einstein's <a href="/wiki/General_theory_of_relativity" class="mw-redirect" title="General theory of relativity">general theory of relativity</a>, his relationship with Eddington and the introduction of this theory to the world, against the backdrop of the <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">Great War</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eddington_experiment" title="Eddington experiment">Eddington's eclipse observations</a>. </p><p>It was first broadcast on <a href="/wiki/BBC_Two" title="BBC Two">BBC Two</a> on 22 November 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot">Plot</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Einstein_and_Eddington&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Plot"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The prelude is set in 1919 on <a href="/wiki/Eddington_experiment" title="Eddington experiment">Eddington's expedition</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Príncipe">Príncipe</a> to observe the <a href="/wiki/Solar_eclipse_of_May_29,_1919" title="Solar eclipse of May 29, 1919">solar eclipse that year</a>, before moving back in time to 1914. At the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">First World War</a>, Eddington is appointed chief astronomer at <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge University">Cambridge</a> by <a href="/wiki/Sir_Oliver_Lodge" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Oliver Lodge">Sir Oliver Lodge</a> and instructed to research Einstein's work and defend the <a href="/wiki/Classical_mechanics" title="Classical mechanics">Newtonian status quo</a>. Meanwhile, Einstein is lured back from <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Prussian_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Prussian Academy of Sciences">Prussian Academy of Sciences</a> in Berlin in an attempt to aid the war effort by embarrassing Britain by disproving the work of its great scientist <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a>. In Berlin, with his marriage already under tension, Einstein falls in love with his cousin <a href="/wiki/Elsa_Einstein" title="Elsa Einstein">Elsa</a>. </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Quaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Quaker">Quaker</a> and therefore unable to go to war, Eddington sets out to bid farewell to his love interest William Marston, as the latter goes off to war as an officer, but just misses Marston's train. He then presents his lecture to his fellow astronomers at the university—defending Newton, but still thinking Einstein might be right—and takes the German Müller family into his home after saving them from a violent anti-German mob. When Einstein's wife arrives in Berlin, she discovers Einstein's affair and leaves him, whilst Eddington faces down protesters who despise his status as a <a href="/wiki/Conscientious_objector" title="Conscientious objector">conscientious objector</a>. Einstein arrives late at a demonstration of Fritz Haber's <a href="/wiki/Poison_gas_in_World_War_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Poison gas in World War I">poison gas</a> and is so disgusted by this application of science to murder that he rejects an offer to convert his citizenship back from Swiss to German and refuses to sign the <a href="/wiki/Manifesto_of_the_Ninety-Three" title="Manifesto of the Ninety-Three">"Manifesto to the Civilized World"</a>, a list of prominent German scientists, artists and academics supporting the war. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Tests_of_general_relativity" title="Tests of general relativity">Tests of general relativity</a></div> <p>Eddington finds his research into Einstein's work obstructed by a British ban on the circulation of German scientific literature. Realising that <a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)#Orbit,_rotation,_and_longitude" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury's orbit</a> is precessing slightly less than it should be according to <a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Newton's laws">Newton's laws</a>, he writes to Einstein despite the ban to inquire into his view on the problem. Einstein's relationship with Elsa deepens, and on receiving Eddington's letter he starts work on this new avenue with <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Max Planck</a>, whilst consoling colleague Planck on the loss of his son in the war despite Einstein's lack of belief in a <a href="/wiki/Personal_god" title="Personal god">human-like God</a> or an afterlife. They find that Einstein's work agrees with <a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a>'s orbit where Newton's does not, and send this reply back to Eddington. </p><p>At the same time, Eddington grieves over Marston, among the 15,000 killed by German use of <a href="/wiki/Chlorine" title="Chlorine">chlorine</a> gas at the <a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Ypres" title="Second Battle of Ypres">Second Battle of Ypres</a>, causing doubts in his faith, but leading him to fight all the more loudly against an expulsion of German scientists from the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a>. The expulsion has been initiated by Lodge, whose son was also among the killed and who clings to Newton as a consolation of "order in the universe", but Eddington is unable to admit to Lodge that he too is grieving for a loved one. </p><p>News of the gas attack also leads Einstein to an outburst against his fellow scientists, which leads to his being cut off from the university, and—overworking—he falls sick and Elsa leaves him. Even so, he manages to complete his work on <a href="/wiki/General_relativity" title="General relativity">general relativity</a> and on <a href="/wiki/Gravitational_lensing" class="mw-redirect" title="Gravitational lensing">how starlight bends</a> and gets this result through to Eddington via Planck. Eddington realises he can prove that space and light are being bent by observing the <a href="/wiki/Solar_eclipse_of_29_May_1919" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar eclipse of 29 May 1919">solar eclipse of 29 May 1919</a> on the west African island of <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Príncipe">Príncipe</a>, and with Dyson as an ally, manages to gain funding for his expedition, despite Lodge's initial opposition. As the war ends, Eddington's sister and housekeeper, Winifred, sets off to help the <a href="/wiki/Quaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Quaker">Quaker</a> relief effort in war-shattered Germany despite her fears as to Eddington's waning faith. </p><p>The action returns to the Príncipe expedition, delayed by bad weather until the last moment, while Einstein briefly returns to his ex-wife and children. Bringing back two photographs from the eclipse to compare to photographs of the night sky in normal conditions, Eddington compares them in public, with Lodge and Winifred in attendance, and not only proves Einstein right but also finds this confirmation reaffirming his faith—as he states, "I can hear God, thinking". News of his vindication reaches Einstein, and crowds of press arrive at his door just as Elsa returns to him. A year later, in the closing scene, Einstein visits Cambridge and meets Eddington. The closing credits remark on both scientists' later work, Einstein's celebrity and Eddington's obscurity. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cast">Cast</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Einstein_and_Eddington&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cast"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Germany">Germany</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Einstein_and_Eddington&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Germany"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Serkis" title="Andy Serkis">Andy Serkis</a> as <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Cohu" title="Lucy Cohu">Lucy Cohu</a> as <a href="/wiki/Mileva_Einstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Mileva Einstein">Mileva Einstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jodhi_May" title="Jodhi May">Jodhi May</a> as <a href="/wiki/Elsa_Einstein" title="Elsa Einstein">Elsa Einstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Sumpter" title="Donald Sumpter">Donald Sumpter</a> as <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Max Planck</a></li> <li>Callum Williams as <a href="/wiki/Hans_Albert_Einstein" title="Hans Albert Einstein">Hans Einstein</a></li> <li>Jacob Théato as <a href="/wiki/Einstein_family#Eduard_"Tete"_Einstein_(Albert's_second_son)" title="Einstein family">Eduard Einstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Lesser" title="Anton Lesser">Anton Lesser</a> as <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Haber" title="Fritz Haber">Fritz Haber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bowe_(actor)" title="John Bowe (actor)">John Bowe</a> as <a href="/wiki/Leopold_Koppel" title="Leopold Koppel">Leopold Koppel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kika_Markham" title="Kika Markham">Kika Markham</a> as Aunt Fanny</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Whitchurch" title="Philip Whitchurch">Philip Whitchurch</a> as Uncle Rudolf</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Britain">Britain</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Einstein_and_Eddington&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Britain"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Tennant" title="David Tennant">David Tennant</a> as <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Stanley_Eddington" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Stanley Eddington">Arthur Eddington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Broadbent" title="Jim Broadbent">Jim Broadbent</a> as <a href="/wiki/Sir_Oliver_Lodge" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Oliver Lodge">Sir Oliver Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Hall" title="Rebecca Hall">Rebecca Hall</a> as Winnifred Eddington, Arthur's Sister</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_McCabe" title="Richard McCabe">Richard McCabe</a> as <a href="/wiki/Frank_Watson_Dyson" title="Frank Watson Dyson">Frank Watson Dyson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Briers" title="Lucy Briers">Lucy Briers</a> as The Librarian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Brooke" title="Paul Brooke">Paul Brooke</a> as H.H. Turner</li> <li>Oliver Hall as Boy Throwing Stones</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Kennedy_(British_actor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrick Kennedy (British actor)">Patrick Kennedy</a> as William Marston</li> <li>Christopher Campbell as Herr Muller</li> <li>Caroline Gruber as Frau Muller</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Tomlinson" title="Eleanor Tomlinson">Eleanor Tomlinson</a> as Agnes Muller</li> <li>Ben Uttley as First Tennis Player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Graham_(actor)" title="Richard Graham (actor)">Richard Graham</a> as Man With White Feather</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Einstein1921_by_F_Schmutzer_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Head and shoulders photo of Einstein with moustache and graying, curly hair, smiling slightly" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Einstein1921_by_F_Schmutzer_4.jpg/220px-Einstein1921_by_F_Schmutzer_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Einstein1921_by_F_Schmutzer_4.jpg/330px-Einstein1921_by_F_Schmutzer_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Einstein1921_by_F_Schmutzer_4.jpg/440px-Einstein1921_by_F_Schmutzer_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1182" data-file-height="1475" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a> (1879–1955)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arthur_Stanley_Eddington.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Arthur_Stanley_Eddington.jpg/220px-Arthur_Stanley_Eddington.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Arthur_Stanley_Eddington.jpg/330px-Arthur_Stanley_Eddington.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Arthur_Stanley_Eddington.jpg/440px-Arthur_Stanley_Eddington.jpg 2x" data-file-width="538" data-file-height="688" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Stanley_Eddington" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Stanley Eddington">Arthur Stanley Eddington</a> (1882–1944)</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Einstein_and_Eddington&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Einstein And Eddington</i> is written by <a href="/wiki/Peter_Moffat" title="Peter Moffat">Peter Moffat</a> and directed by <a href="/wiki/Philip_Martin_(director)" title="Philip Martin (director)">Philip Martin</a>, who both collaborated for the production of <i><a href="/wiki/Hawking_(2004_film)" title="Hawking (2004 film)">Hawking</a></i>, a BBC biopic about the physicist. It is produced by <a href="/wiki/Company_Pictures" title="Company Pictures">Company Pictures</a> and the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>, with <a href="/wiki/HBO" title="HBO">HBO</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pioneer_Pictures" title="Pioneer Pictures">Pioneer Pictures</a>, Hungary.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Location filming occurred at the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Hungarian Academy of Sciences">Hungarian Academy of Sciences</a>, <a href="/wiki/St_John%27s_College,_Cambridge" title="St John's College, Cambridge">St John's College, Cambridge</a>, and on the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic Coast</a> of <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a>. <a href="/wiki/Walter_Isaacson" title="Walter Isaacson">Walter Isaacson</a> acted as consultant (with Francisco Diego as eclipse advisor). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Einstein_and_Eddington&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output 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.citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/05_may/21/einstein.shtml">"David Tennant and Andy Serkis to star in BBC drama Einstein And Eddington"</a> (Press release). <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>. 21 May 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=David+Tennant+and+Andy+Serkis+to+star+in+BBC+drama+Einstein+And+Eddington&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2008-05-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fpressoffice%2Fpressreleases%2Fstories%2F2007%2F05_may%2F21%2Feinstein.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEinstein+and+Eddington" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Einstein_and_Eddington&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External 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href="/wiki/Template:Albert_Einstein" title="Template:Albert Einstein"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Albert_Einstein" title="Template talk:Albert Einstein"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Albert_Einstein" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Albert Einstein"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Albert_Einstein" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Physics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theory_of_relativity" title="Theory of relativity">Theory of relativity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_relativity" title="Special relativity">Special relativity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_relativity" title="General relativity">General relativity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass%E2%80%93energy_equivalence" title="Mass–energy equivalence">Mass–energy equivalence (E=mc<sup>2</sup>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownian_motion" title="Brownian motion">Brownian motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photoelectric_effect" title="Photoelectric effect">Photoelectric effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein_coefficients" title="Einstein coefficients">Einstein coefficients</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein_solid" title="Einstein solid">Einstein solid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equivalence_principle" title="Equivalence principle">Equivalence principle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein_field_equations" title="Einstein field equations">Einstein field equations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein_radius" title="Einstein radius">Einstein radius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein_relation_(kinetic_theory)" title="Einstein relation (kinetic theory)">Einstein relation (kinetic theory)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmological_constant" title="Cosmological constant">Cosmological constant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bose%E2%80%93Einstein_condensate" title="Bose–Einstein condensate">Bose–Einstein condensate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bose%E2%80%93Einstein_statistics" title="Bose–Einstein statistics">Bose–Einstein statistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bose%E2%80%93Einstein_correlations" title="Bose–Einstein correlations">Bose–Einstein correlations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein%E2%80%93Cartan_theory" title="Einstein–Cartan theory">Einstein–Cartan theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein%E2%80%93Infeld%E2%80%93Hoffmann_equations" title="Einstein–Infeld–Hoffmann equations">Einstein–Infeld–Hoffmann equations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein%E2%80%93de_Haas_effect" title="Einstein–de Haas effect">Einstein–de Haas effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPR_paradox" class="mw-redirect" title="EPR paradox">EPR paradox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohr%E2%80%93Einstein_debates" title="Bohr–Einstein debates">Bohr–Einstein debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teleparallelism" title="Teleparallelism">Teleparallelism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein%27s_thought_experiments" title="Einstein's thought experiments">Thought experiments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein%27s_unsuccessful_investigations" title="Einstein's unsuccessful investigations">Unsuccessful investigations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wave%E2%80%93particle_duality" title="Wave–particle duality">Wave–particle duality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravitational_wave" title="Gravitational wave">Gravitational wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_leaf_paradox" title="Tea leaf paradox">Tea leaf paradox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_scientific_publications_by_Albert_Einstein" title="List of scientific publications by Albert Einstein">Works</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annus_mirabilis_papers" title="Annus mirabilis papers"><i>Annus mirabilis</i> papers</a> (1905)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/%C3%9Cber_die_von_der_molekularkinetischen_Theorie_der_W%C3%A4rme_geforderte_Bewegung_von_in_ruhenden_Fl%C3%BCssigkeiten_suspendierten_Teilchen" title="Über die von der molekularkinetischen Theorie der Wärme geforderte Bewegung von in ruhenden Flüssigkeiten suspendierten Teilchen">Investigations on the Theory of Brownian Movement</a>" (1905)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Relativity:_The_Special_and_the_General_Theory" title="Relativity: The Special and the General Theory">Relativity: The Special and the General Theory</a></i> (1916)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Meaning_of_Relativity" title="The Meaning of Relativity">The Meaning of Relativity</a></i> (1922)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_World_as_I_See_It_(book)" title="The World as I See It (book)">The World as I See It</a></i> (1934)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Evolution_of_Physics" title="The Evolution of Physics">The Evolution of Physics</a></i> (1938)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Why_Socialism%3F" title="Why Socialism?">Why Socialism?</a>" (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell%E2%80%93Einstein_Manifesto" title="Russell–Einstein Manifesto">Russell–Einstein Manifesto</a> (1955)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein_in_popular_culture" title="Albert Einstein in popular culture">In popular<br />culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Die_Grundlagen_der_Einsteinschen_Relativit%C3%A4ts-Theorie" title="Die Grundlagen der Einsteinschen Relativitäts-Theorie">Die Grundlagen der Einsteinschen Relativitäts-Theorie</a></i> (1922 documentary)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Einstein_Theory_of_Relativity" title="The Einstein Theory of Relativity">The Einstein Theory of Relativity</a></i> (1923 documentary)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Relics:_Einstein%27s_Brain" title="Relics: Einstein's Brain">Relics: Einstein's Brain</a></i> (1994 documentary)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Insignificance_(film)" title="Insignificance (film)">Insignificance</a></i> (1985 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Young_Einstein" title="Young Einstein">Young Einstein</a></i> (1988 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Picasso_at_the_Lapin_Agile" title="Picasso at the Lapin Agile">Picasso at the Lapin Agile</a></i> (1993 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I.Q._(film)" title="I.Q. (film)">I.Q.</a></i> (1994 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Einstein%27s_Gift" title="Einstein's Gift">Einstein's Gift</a></i> (2003 play)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Einstein and Eddington</a></i> (2008 TV film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Genius_(American_TV_series)" title="Genius (American TV series)">Genius</a></i> (2017 series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oppenheimer_(film)" title="Oppenheimer (film)">Oppenheimer</a></i> (2023 film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prizes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein_Award" title="Albert Einstein Award">Albert Einstein Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein_Medal" title="Albert Einstein Medal">Albert Einstein Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalinga_Prize" title="Kalinga Prize">Kalinga Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein_Peace_Prize" title="Albert Einstein Peace Prize">Albert Einstein Peace Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein_World_Award_of_Science" title="Albert Einstein World Award of Science">Albert Einstein World Award of Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein_Prize_for_Laser_Science" title="Einstein Prize for Laser Science">Einstein Prize for Laser Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein_Prize_(APS)" title="Einstein Prize (APS)">Einstein Prize (APS)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books about<br />Einstein</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein:_Creator_and_Rebel" title="Albert Einstein: Creator and Rebel">Albert Einstein: Creator and Rebel</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Einstein_and_Religion" title="Einstein and Religion">Einstein and Religion</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Einstein_for_Beginners" title="Einstein for Beginners">Einstein for Beginners</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Einstein:_His_Life_and_Universe" title="Einstein: His Life and Universe">Einstein: His Life and Universe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Einstein%27s_Cosmos" title="Einstein's Cosmos">Einstein's Cosmos</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Am_Albert_Einstein" title="I Am Albert Einstein">I Am Albert Einstein</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Introducing_Relativity" title="Introducing Relativity">Introducing Relativity</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Subtle_is_the_Lord" title="Subtle is the Lord">Subtle is the Lord</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Einstein_family" title="Einstein family">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mileva_Mari%C4%87" title="Mileva Marić">Mileva Marić</a> (first wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elsa_Einstein" title="Elsa Einstein">Elsa Einstein</a> (second wife; cousin)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieserl_Einstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieserl Einstein">Lieserl Einstein</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Albert_Einstein" title="Hans Albert Einstein">Hans Albert Einstein</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Koch" class="mw-redirect" title="Pauline Koch">Pauline Koch</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Einstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Hermann Einstein">Hermann Einstein</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maja_Einstein" title="Maja Einstein">Maja Einstein</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein_family#Eduard_"Tete"_Einstein_(Albert's_second_son)" title="Einstein family">Eduard Einstein</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_the_family_of_Robert_Einstein" title="Murder of the family of Robert Einstein">Robert Einstein</a> (cousin)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_Caesar_Einstein" title="Bernhard Caesar Einstein">Bernhard Caesar Einstein</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Einstein" title="Evelyn Einstein">Evelyn Einstein</a> (granddaughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Martin_Einstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Martin Einstein">Thomas Martin Einstein</a> (great-grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siegbert_Einstein" title="Siegbert Einstein">Siegbert Einstein</a> (distant cousin)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_honors_received_by_Albert_Einstein" title="List of awards and honors received by Albert Einstein">Awards and honors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brain_of_Albert_Einstein" title="Brain of Albert Einstein">Brain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein_House" title="Albert Einstein House">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein_Memorial" title="Albert Einstein Memorial">Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_views_of_Albert_Einstein" title="Political views of Albert Einstein">Political views</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_and_philosophical_views_of_Albert_Einstein" title="Religious and philosophical views of Albert Einstein">Religious views</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_things_named_after_Albert_Einstein" title="List of things named after Albert Einstein">Things named after</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein%E2%80%93Oppenheimer_relationship" title="Einstein–Oppenheimer relationship">Einstein–Oppenheimer relationship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein_Archives" title="Albert Einstein Archives">Albert Einstein Archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein%27s_Blackboard" title="Einstein's Blackboard">Einstein's Blackboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein_Papers_Project" title="Einstein Papers Project">Einstein Papers Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein_refrigerator" title="Einstein refrigerator">Einstein refrigerator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einsteinhaus" title="Einsteinhaus">Einsteinhaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einsteinium" title="Einsteinium">Einsteinium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Talmey" title="Max Talmey">Max Talmey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_Committee_of_Atomic_Scientists" title="Emergency Committee of Atomic Scientists">Emergency Committee of Atomic Scientists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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title="Bloodlines (TV series)">Bloodlines</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prime_Suspect" title="Prime Suspect">Prime Suspect: The Final Act</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Einstein and Eddington</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mo_(2010_film)" title="Mo (2010 film)">Mo</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Birdsong_(serial)" title="Birdsong (serial)">Birdsong</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Forger_(2014_film)" title="The Forger (2014 film)">The Forger</a></i> (2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scoop_(2024_film)" title="Scoop (2024 film)">Scoop</a></i> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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