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href="#Progressione_schematica_della_classificazione_dei_regni_e_dei_domini"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Progressione schematica della classificazione dei regni e dei domini</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Progressione_schematica_della_classificazione_dei_regni_e_dei_domini-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Regno (biologia)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 119 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-119" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">119 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koninkryk_(biologie)" title="Koninkryk (biologie) - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Koninkryk (biologie)" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_(bioloch%C3%ADa)" title="Reino (biolochía) - aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Reino (biolochía)" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_(%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81)" title="مملكة (تصنيف) - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مملكة (تصنيف)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_(%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7)" title="مملكة (بيولوجيا) - arabo marocchino" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="مملكة (بيولوجيا)" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabo marocchino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_(%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8)" title="ৰাজ্য (জীৱবিজ্ঞান) - assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৰাজ্য (জীৱবিজ্ঞান)" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinu_(biolox%C3%ADa)" title="Reinu (bioloxía) - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Reinu (bioloxía)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_(%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%DA%98%DB%8C)" title="عالم (بیولوژی) - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="عالم (بیولوژی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%A1_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Батшалыҡ (биология) - baschiro" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Батшалыҡ (биология)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baschiro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reich_(Biologie)" title="Reich (Biologie) - bavarese" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Reich (Biologie)" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahadean_(biyolohiya)" title="Kahadean (biyolohiya) - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kahadean (biyolohiya)" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_(%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Царства (біялогія) - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Царства (біялогія)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_(%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Царства (біялёгія) - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Царства (біялёгія)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerajaan_(%C3%A8lmu_hayat)" title="Kerajaan (èlmu hayat) - betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Kerajaan (èlmu hayat)" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4_(%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8)" title="जगत (जीव बिज्ञान) - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="जगत (जीव बिज्ञान)" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80_(%E1%80%87%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9D%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92)" title="လောက (ဇီဝဗေဒ) - Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="လောက (ဇီဝဗေဒ)" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8E_(%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE)" title="জগৎ (জীববিদ্যা) - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জগৎ (জীববিদ্যা)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riezad" title="Riezad - bretone" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Riezad" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carstvo_(biologija)" title="Carstvo (biologija) - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Carstvo (biologija)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regne_(biologia)" title="Regne (biologia) - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Regne (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%98%C3%AD%C5%A1e_(biologie)" title="Říše (biologie) - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Říše (biologie)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8)" title="Патшалăх (биологи) - ciuvascio" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Патшалăх (биологи)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teyrnas_(bioleg)" title="Teyrnas (bioleg) - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Teyrnas (bioleg)" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rige_(biologi)" title="Rige (biologi) - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rige (biologi)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reich_(Biologie)" title="Reich (Biologie) - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Reich (Biologie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF_(%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1)" title="Βασίλειο (βιολογία) - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βασίλειο (βιολογία)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_(biology)" title="Kingdom (biology) - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kingdom (biology)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_(biologio)" title="Regno (biologio) - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Regno (biologio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_(biolog%C3%ADa)" title="Reino (biología) - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Reino (biología)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riik_(bioloogia)" title="Riik (bioloogia) - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Riik (bioloogia)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erreinu_(biologia)" title="Erreinu (biologia) - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erreinu (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9inu_(biologia)" title="Réinu (biologia) - estremegno" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Réinu (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="estremegno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%88" title="فرمانرو - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فرمانرو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunta_(biologia)" title="Kunta (biologia) - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kunta (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A8gne_(biologie)" title="Règne (biologie) - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Règne (biologie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryk_(taksonomy)" title="Ryk (taksonomy) - frisone occidentale" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ryk (taksonomy)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisone occidentale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADocht_(bitheola%C3%ADocht)" title="Ríocht (bitheolaíocht) - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ríocht (bitheolaíocht)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_(biolox%C3%ADa)" title="Reino (bioloxía) - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Reino (bioloxía)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tavet%C3%A3_(tekovekuaaty)" title="Tavetã (tekovekuaaty) - guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tavetã (tekovekuaaty)" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reeriaght_(bea-oaylleeaght)" title="Reeriaght (bea-oaylleeaght) - mannese" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Reeriaght (bea-oaylleeaght)" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mannese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%94_(%D7%98%D7%A7%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%94)" title="ממלכה (טקסונומיה) - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ממלכה (טקסונומיה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4_(%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8)" title="जगत (जीवविज्ञान) - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जगत (जीवविज्ञान)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carstvo_(taksonomija)" title="Carstvo (taksonomija) - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Carstvo (taksonomija)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sw%C4%9Bt_(biologija)" title="Swět (biologija) - alto sorabo" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Swět (biologija)" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="alto sorabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A8y_(biyoloji)" title="Rèy (biyoloji) - creolo haitiano" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Rèy (biyoloji)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="creolo haitiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orsz%C3%A1g_(rendszertan)" title="Ország (rendszertan) - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ország (rendszertan)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6_(%D5%AF%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6)" title="Թագավորություն (կենսաբանություն) - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թագավորություն (կենսաբանություն)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_(rango_taxonomic)" title="Regno (rango taxonomic) - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Regno (rango taxonomic)" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerajaan_(biologi)" title="Kerajaan (biologi) - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kerajaan (biologi)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagarian_(biolohia)" title="Pagarian (biolohia) - ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pagarian (biolohia)" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="voce di qualità"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADki_(flokkunarfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i)" title="Ríki (flokkunarfræði) - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ríki (flokkunarfræði)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%95%8C_(%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%A6)" title="界 (分類学) - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="界 (分類学)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krajan_(biologi)" title="Krajan (biologi) - giavanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Krajan (biologi)" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="giavanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagelda_(tasnudert)" title="Tagelda (tasnudert) - cabilo" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tagelda (tasnudert)" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="cabilo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%84_(%EC%83%9D%EB%AC%BC%ED%95%99)" title="계 (생물학) - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="계 (생물학)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%84%D8%B1%D9%B2%D8%B2%D8%A0" title="سۄرٲزؠ - kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="سۄرٲزؠ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regnum_(taxinomia)" title="Regnum (taxinomia) - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Regnum (taxinomia)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A4ich_(Biologie)" title="Räich (Biologie) - lussemburghese" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Räich (Biologie)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lussemburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rena_(biolojia)" title="Rena (biolojia) - Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Rena (biolojia)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riek_(taxonomie)" title="Riek (taxonomie) - limburghese" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Riek (taxonomie)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karalyst%C4%97_(biologija)" title="Karalystė (biologija) - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Karalystė (biologija)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valsts_(biolo%C4%A3ija)" title="Valsts (bioloģija) - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Valsts (bioloģija)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%88_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9)" title="Кугыжаныш (биологий) - Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Кугыжаныш (биологий)" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%82" title="കിങ്ഡം - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കിങ്ഡം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_(%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0)" title="साम्राज्य (जीवशास्त्र) - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="साम्राज्य (जीवशास्त्र)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alam_(biologi)" title="Alam (biologi) - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Alam (biologi)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renju_(bijolo%C4%A1ija)" title="Renju (bijoloġija) - maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Renju (bijoloġija)" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80_(%E1%80%87%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9D%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92)" title="လောက (ဇီဝဗေဒ) - birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="လောက (ဇီဝဗေဒ)" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_(biologgia)" title="Regno (biologgia) - napoletano" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Regno (biologgia)" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napoletano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijk_(biologie)" title="Rijk (biologie) - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Rijk (biologie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biologisk_rike" title="Biologisk rike - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Biologisk rike" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rike_(biologi)" title="Rike (biologi) - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rike (biologi)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A8gne_(biologia)" title="Règne (biologia) - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Règne (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F_(%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%80%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9E%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8)" title="ସାମ୍ରାଜ୍ୟ (ଜୀବବିଜ୍ଞାନ) - odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ସାମ୍ରାଜ୍ୟ (ଜୀବବିଜ୍ଞାନ)" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B4_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8)" title="Паддзахад (биологи) - ossetico" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Паддзахад (биологи)" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%A4_(%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B5-%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8)" title="ਜਗਤ (ਜੀਵ-ਵਿਗਿਆਨ) - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜਗਤ (ਜੀਵ-ਵਿਗਿਆਨ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaarian_(biolohia)" title="Kaarian (biolohia) - pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Kaarian (biolohia)" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_(biologia)" title="Reino (biologia) - papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Reino (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%B3lestwo_(biologia)" title="Królestwo (biologia) - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Królestwo (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3_(%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%BE%DA%91%DA%BE%D8%AA)" title="دیس (جیون پڑھت) - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="دیس (جیون پڑھت)" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_(biologia)" title="Reino (biologia) - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Reino (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rikch%27aq_suyu" title="Rikch'aq suyu - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Rikch'aq suyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regn" title="Regn - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Regn" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Царство (биология) - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Царство (биология)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_(%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D2%91%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Царьство (біолоґія) - ruteno" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Царьство (біолоґія)" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruteno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Саарыстыба (биология) - sacha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Саарыстыба (биология)" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sacha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regnu_(biolugg%C3%ACa)" title="Regnu (bioluggìa) - siciliano" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Regnu (bioluggìa)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carstvo_(taksonomija)" title="Carstvo (taksonomija) - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Carstvo (taksonomija)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasnsartut_(Tasartut_tussnant)" title="Tasnsartut (Tasartut tussnant) - tashelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tasnsartut (Tasartut tussnant)" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tashelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%B0%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA_(%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%93%E0%B7%80_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80)" title="රාජධානිය (ජීව විද්‍යාව) - singalese" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="රාජධානිය (ජීව විද්‍යාව)" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_(biology)" title="Kingdom (biology) - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kingdom (biology)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%AD%C5%A1a_(taxon%C3%B3mia)" title="Ríša (taxonómia) - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ríša (taxonómia)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraljestvo_(biologija)" title="Kraljestvo (biologija) - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kraljestvo (biologija)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boqortooyo_(biyoloji)" title="Boqortooyo (biyoloji) - somalo" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Boqortooyo (biyoloji)" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbret%C3%ABria_(biologji)" title="Mbretëria (biologji) - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mbretëria (biologji)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Царство (биологија) - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Царство (биологија)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rike_(biologi)" title="Rike (biologi) - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rike (biologi)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himaya_(biolojia)" title="Himaya (biolojia) - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Himaya (biolojia)" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C5%8Dlestwo_(biologij%C5%8F)" title="Krōlestwo (biologijŏ) - slesiano" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Krōlestwo (biologijŏ)" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="slesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88_(%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D)" title="திணை (உயிரியல்) - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="திணை (உயிரியல்)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0_(%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3)" title="Силсила (зистшиносӣ) - tagico" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Силсила (зистшиносӣ)" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tagico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3_(%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2)" title="อาณาจักร (ชีววิทยา) - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อาณาจักร (ชีววิทยา)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Ealyk_(biologi%C3%BDa)" title="Şalyk (biologiýa) - turcomanno" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Şalyk (biologiýa)" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turcomanno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaharian_(biyolohiya)" title="Kaharian (biyolohiya) - tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kaharian (biyolohiya)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%82lem_(biyoloji)" title="Âlem (biyoloji) - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Âlem (biyoloji)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Патшалык (биология) - tataro" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Патшалык (биология)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tataro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_(%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Царство (біологія) - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Царство (біологія)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%AA_(%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA)" title="مملکت (حیاتیات) - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مملکت (حیاتیات)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunyo_(biologiya)" title="Dunyo (biologiya) - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Dunyo (biologiya)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_(tasonomia)" title="Regno (tasonomia) - veneto" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Regno (tasonomia)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="veneto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%E1%BB%9Bi_(sinh_h%E1%BB%8Dc)" title="Giới (sinh học) - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Giới (sinh học)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryk_(biologie)" title="Ryk (biologie) - fiammingo occidentale" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Ryk (biologie)" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="fiammingo occidentale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ringne_(biyolodjeye)" title="Ringne (biyolodjeye) - vallone" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Ringne (biyolodjeye)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regnum_(biyolohiya)" title="Regnum (biyolohiya) - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Regnum (biyolohiya)" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%95%8C%EF%BC%88%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%EF%BC%89" title="界（生物） - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="界（生物）" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riek_(biologie)" title="Riek (biologie) - zelandese" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Riek (biologie)" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="zelandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%95%8C_(%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9)" title="界 (生物) - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="界 (生物)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A0i_(hun-l%C5%ABi-ha%CC%8Dk)" title="Kài (hun-lūi-ha̍k) - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kài (hun-lūi-ha̍k)" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%95%8C" title="界 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="界" data-language-autonym="粵語" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Reindirizzamento da <strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sottoregno&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Sottoregno">Sottoregno</a></strong>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><div class="noprint nomobile" style="float:right; margin: 0 0 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.5em; border: 1px solid #AAA; background: #FFD; font-size:0.8em;"> <div style="text-align:center; font-size:1.2em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Classificazione_scientifica" title="Classificazione scientifica">Classificazione tassonomica</a></b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dominio_(biologia)" title="Dominio (biologia)">Dominio</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sottodominio_(tassonomia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sottodominio (tassonomia) (la pagina non esiste)">Sottodominio</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Regno</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sottoregno" class="mw-redirect" title="Sottoregno">Sottoregno</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ramo_(tassonomia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramo (tassonomia)">Infraregno</a> o <a href="/wiki/Ramo_(tassonomia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramo (tassonomia)">Ramo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Superphylum" title="Superphylum">Superphylum</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phylum" title="Phylum">Phylum</a> (o <a href="/wiki/Phylum" title="Phylum">Tipo</a> o <a href="/wiki/Phylum" title="Phylum">Divisione</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Subphylum" title="Subphylum">Subphylum</a> (o <a href="/wiki/Subphylum" title="Subphylum">Sottotipo</a> o <a href="/wiki/Subphylum" title="Subphylum">Sottodivisione</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Infraphylum" title="Infraphylum">Infraphylum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microphylum" title="Microphylum">Microphylum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nanophylum" title="Nanophylum">Nanophylum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Superclasse_(tassonomia)" title="Superclasse (tassonomia)">Superclasse</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classe_(tassonomia)" title="Classe (tassonomia)">Classe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sottoclasse_(tassonomia)" title="Sottoclasse (tassonomia)">Sottoclasse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Infraclasse" title="Infraclasse">Infraclasse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parvclasse" title="Parvclasse">Parvclasse</a> (o <a href="/wiki/Subterclasse" title="Subterclasse">Subterclasse</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magnordine" title="Magnordine">Magnordine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Superordine" title="Superordine">Superordine</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordine_(tassonomia)" title="Ordine (tassonomia)">Ordine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sottordine" title="Sottordine">Sottordine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Infraordine" title="Infraordine">Infraordine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parvordine" title="Parvordine">Parvordine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Superfamiglia_(tassonomia)" title="Superfamiglia (tassonomia)">Superfamiglia</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Famiglia_(tassonomia)" title="Famiglia (tassonomia)">Famiglia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sottofamiglia" title="Sottofamiglia">Sottofamiglia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Infrafamiglia" title="Infrafamiglia">Infrafamiglia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supertrib%C3%B9" title="Supertribù">Supertribù</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trib%C3%B9_(tassonomia)" title="Tribù (tassonomia)">Tribù</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sottotrib%C3%B9" title="Sottotribù">Sottotribù</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Infratrib%C3%B9" title="Infratribù">Infratribù</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genere_(tassonomia)" title="Genere (tassonomia)">Genere</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sottogenere" class="mw-redirect" title="Sottogenere">Sottogenere</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Specie" title="Specie">Specie</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sottospecie" title="Sottospecie">Sottospecie</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Forma_(zoologia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forma (zoologia) (la pagina non esiste)">Forma</a> (zoologia) o <a href="/wiki/Variet%C3%A0_(biologia)" title="Varietà (biologia)">Varietà</a> (botanica)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stipite_virale" title="Stipite virale">Stipite</a> (virologia)</li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <p>In posizione variabile:<br /><a href="/wiki/Clado" title="Clado">Clado</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Legione_(tassonomia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Legione (tassonomia) (la pagina non esiste)">Legione</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Coorte_(tassonomia)" title="Coorte (tassonomia)">Coorte</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sezione_(tassonomia)" title="Sezione (tassonomia)">Sezione</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sottosezione_(tassonomia)" title="Sottosezione (tassonomia)">Sottosezione</a> </p> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eukaryota_tree.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Eukaryota_tree.svg/220px-Eukaryota_tree.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Eukaryota_tree.svg/330px-Eukaryota_tree.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Eukaryota_tree.svg/440px-Eukaryota_tree.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption>Un'ipotesi di relazioni eucariotiche, modificata da Simpson e Roger (2004)</figcaption></figure> <p>Il <b>regno</b> è il <a href="/wiki/Tassonomia" title="Tassonomia">gruppo tassonomico</a> di livello gerarchico più elevato condiviso da ogni <a href="/wiki/Classificazione_scientifica" title="Classificazione scientifica">classificazione scientifica</a>, fu introdotto da <a href="/wiki/Linneo" title="Linneo">Linneo</a>. Il livello superiore, successivamente introdotto, è il <a href="/wiki/Dominio_(biologia)" title="Dominio (biologia)">dominio</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storia_della_divisione_dei_regni">Storia della divisione dei regni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regno_(biologia)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Storia della divisione dei regni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regno_(biologia)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Storia della divisione dei regni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Originariamente Linneo divise il mondo dei viventi, secondo il criterio della mobilità, nei regni animali e vegetali: <i><a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animalia</a> e <a href="/wiki/Plantae" title="Plantae">Plantae</a></i>. Col procedere delle conoscenze biologiche tale divisione risultò insostenibile in quanto ad esempio: </p> <ul><li>il regno vegetale comprendeva sia <a href="/wiki/Autotrofia" title="Autotrofia">autotrofi</a> che <a href="/wiki/Eterotrofia" title="Eterotrofia">eterotrofi</a> come i <a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">funghi</a>;</li> <li>tra i microorganismi, specie affini risultavano appartenere a regni diversi come ad esempio nei <a href="/wiki/Flagellata" title="Flagellata">flagellati</a>;</li> <li>i vegetali comprendevano organismi sia <a href="/wiki/Eucarioti" class="mw-redirect" title="Eucarioti">eucarioti</a> che <a href="/wiki/Procarioti" class="mw-redirect" title="Procarioti">procarioti</a>, poiché i batteri furono inizialmente inseriti tra i Vegetali.</li></ul> <p>Oggi sono tipicamente riconosciuti, <i>a seconda degli schemi classificativi adottati</i>, fino a sette diversi regni, variamente aggregati dai diversi autori, <i>e con concessione o meno del <a href="/wiki/Taxon" title="Taxon">taxon</a> di regno alla relativa suddivisione</i>. Esistono inoltre altre classificazioni più fitte, condivise scientificamente, per adesso, da un ridotto numero di ricercatori. </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">Bacteria</a>, batteri o solo eubatteri, in senso stretto, ovvero privati degli archei, comprendente la maggior parte dei procarioti.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archaea</a>, archeobatteri o solo archei, procarioti con caratteristiche biochimiche uniche, principalmente di composizione della membrana cellulare, spesso viventi in condizioni ambientali estreme per composizione chimica, pressione e temperatura, definiti da <a href="/wiki/Carl_Woese" title="Carl Woese">Carl Woese</a> nel 1977.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protista" title="Protista">Protista</a>, protisti, o protozoi in senso stretto, costituito dagli <a href="/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota">Eucarioti</a> unicellulari o pluricellulari, privi di differenziamento in tessuti, esclusi i Funghi.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromista" title="Chromista">Chromista</a>, ora <a href="/wiki/Chromalveolata" title="Chromalveolata">Chromalveolata</a>; cromisti eucarioti unicellulari o pluricellulari, per la maggior parte fotosintetici, con caratteristiche proprie, come il reticolo periplastidiale, <a href="/wiki/Cloroplasto" title="Cloroplasto">cloroplasto</a> costituito da quattro membrane etc, definiti da <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cavalier-Smith" title="Thomas Cavalier-Smith">Thomas Cavalier-Smith</a> nel 1981 (controversa l'attribuzione di regno al gruppo che pare essere polifiletico).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Fungi</a>, funghi, eucarioti <a href="/wiki/Eterotrofi" class="mw-redirect" title="Eterotrofi">eterotrofi</a>, unicellulari o pluricellulari, individuati da alcune particolarità strutturali e metaboliche.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animalia</a>, animali, costituito dagli organismi <a href="/wiki/Eterotrofi" class="mw-redirect" title="Eterotrofi">eterotrofi</a> con differenziamento cellulare.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plantae" title="Plantae">Plantae</a>, piante, costituito dagli organismi <a href="/wiki/Autotrofi" class="mw-redirect" title="Autotrofi">autotrofi</a> con differenziamento cellulare (e per alcuni studiosi anche senza tale differenziamento).</li></ol> <p>Oltre a questi è riconosciuto in biologia (con valore controverso in quanto non appartenente ai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biota_(tassonomia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biota (tassonomia) (la pagina non esiste)">biota</a> e perché polifiletico) un ottavo "regno", quello dei <a href="/wiki/Virus_(biologia)" title="Virus (biologia)">Virus</a> e affini (come i <a href="/wiki/Viroide" title="Viroide">viroidi</a> ed altri), che comprende tutti gli organismi con <a href="/wiki/Genoma" title="Genoma">genoma</a> di <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> o <a href="/wiki/RNA" title="RNA">RNA</a> privi di struttura cellulare. </p><p>La situazione descritta è accolta nella sostanza da tutti gli studiosi, con qualche variante, che riflette il dibattito scientifico sull'<a href="/wiki/Origine_della_vita" title="Origine della vita">origine</a> e sull'<a href="/wiki/Evoluzione_della_vita" title="Evoluzione della vita">evoluzione della vita</a>. </p><p><br /> <b>Una classificazione più dettagliata può essere</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>: </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">Bacteria</a>, batteri o solo eubatteri, in senso stretto, ovvero privati degli archaea; comprendente la maggior parte dei procarioti;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archaea</a>, procarioti con caratteristiche biochimiche uniche; principalmente di composizione della membrana cellulare, spesso viventi in condizioni ambientali estreme per composizione chimica, pressione e temperatura, definiti da <a href="/wiki/Carl_Woese" title="Carl Woese">Carl Woese</a> nel 1977;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excavata" title="Excavata">Excavata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhizaria" title="Rhizaria">Rhizaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromalveolata" title="Chromalveolata">Chromalveolata</a>, cromisti eucarioti unicellulari o pluricellulari; per la maggior parte fotosintetici, con caratteristiche proprie, come il reticolo periplastidiale, <a href="/wiki/Cloroplasto" title="Cloroplasto">cloroplasto</a> costituito da quattro membrane etc, definiti da <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cavalier-Smith" title="Thomas Cavalier-Smith">Thomas Cavalier-Smith</a> nel 1981 (controversa l'attribuzione di regno al gruppo che pare essere polifiletico);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plantae" title="Plantae">Archaeplastida</a>, piante; costituito dagli organismi <a href="/wiki/Autotrofi" class="mw-redirect" title="Autotrofi">autotrofi</a> con differenziamento cellulare (e per alcuni studiosi anche senza tale differenziamento): <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Viridiplantae" title="Viridiplantae">Piante verdi</a> e <a href="/wiki/Chlorophyta" title="Chlorophyta">alghe verdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaucophyta" title="Glaucophyta">Glaucophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodophyta" title="Rhodophyta">Rhodophyta</a>;</li></ol></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amoebozoa" title="Amoebozoa">Amoebozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Fungi</a>, funghi eucarioti <a href="/wiki/Eterotrofi" class="mw-redirect" title="Eterotrofi">eterotrofi</a>, unicellulari o pluricellulari; individuati da alcune particolarità strutturali e metaboliche;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta">Cristidiscoidea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta">Ichthyosporea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choanomonada" title="Choanomonada">Choanoflagellata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Metazoi</a>, animali; costituito dagli organismi <a href="/wiki/Eterotrofi" class="mw-redirect" title="Eterotrofi">eterotrofi</a> con differenziamento cellulare.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Progressione_schematica_della_classificazione_dei_regni_e_dei_domini">Progressione schematica della classificazione dei regni e dei domini</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regno_(biologia)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Progressione schematica della classificazione dei regni e dei domini" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regno_(biologia)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Progressione schematica della classificazione dei regni e dei domini"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="margin-left: 0.5em;" cellpadding="5"> <tbody><tr> <th style="vertical-align:bottom"><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Haeckel" title="Ernst Haeckel">Haeckel</a> (1894)<br />Tre regni </th> <th style="vertical-align:bottom"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Whittaker" title="Robert Whittaker">Whittaker</a> (1969)<br />Cinque regni </th> <th style="vertical-align:bottom"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Woese" title="Carl Woese">Woese</a> (1977)<br />Sei regni </th> <th style="vertical-align:bottom">Woese (1990)<br />Tre dominî </th> <th colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cavalier-Smith" title="Thomas Cavalier-Smith">Cavalier-Smith</a> (2004)<br />Due dominî<br />e sette regni </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:pink"><b><a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animalia</a></b> </td> <td style="background:pink"><b><a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animalia</a></b> </td> <td style="background:pink"><b><a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animalia</a></b> </td> <td rowspan="5" style="background:plum"><b><a href="/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota">Eukarya</a></b> </td> <td rowspan="5" style="background:plum"><b><a href="/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota">Eukaryota</a></b> </td> <td style="background:pink"><b><a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animalia</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="background:lightgreen"><b><a href="/wiki/Plant%C3%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantæ">Plantæ</a></b> </td> <td style="background:lightblue"><b><a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Fungi</a></b> </td> <td style="background:lightblue"><b><a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Fungi</a></b> </td> <td style="background:lightblue"><b><a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Fungi</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:lightgreen"><b><a href="/wiki/Plant%C3%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantæ">Plantæ</a></b> </td> <td style="background:lightgreen"><b><a href="/wiki/Plant%C3%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantæ">Plantæ</a></b> </td> <td style="background:lightgreen"><b><a href="/wiki/Plant%C3%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantæ">Plantæ</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="background:khaki"><b><a href="/wiki/Protista" title="Protista">Protista</a></b> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:khaki"><b><a href="/wiki/Protista" title="Protista">Protista</a></b> </td> <td style="background:green"><b><a href="/wiki/Chromista" title="Chromista">Chromista</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="background:khaki"><b><a href="/wiki/Protista" title="Protista">Protista</a></b> </td> <td style="background:khaki"><b><a href="/wiki/Protista" title="Protista">Protista</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="background:grey"><b><a href="/wiki/Prokaryota" title="Prokaryota">Monera</a></b> </td> <td style="background:lightgrey"><b><a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">Eubacteria</a></b> </td> <td style="background:lightgrey"><b><a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">Bacteria</a></b> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:grey"><b><a href="/wiki/Prokaryota" title="Prokaryota">Prokaryota</a></b> </td> <td bgcolor="2" style="background:lightgrey"><b><a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">Bacteria</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:darkgray"><b><a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archeabacteria</a></b> </td> <td style="background:darkgray"><b><a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archaea</a></b> </td> <td style="background:darkgray"><b><a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archaea</a></b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table style="margin-left: 0.5em;" cellpadding="5"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom">Simpson e Roger (2004)<br />Due dominî<br />e 12 regni </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="10" style="background:plum"><b><a href="/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota">Eukaryota</a></b> </td> <td style="background:pink"><b><a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animalia</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:lightblue"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Choanoflagellata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Choanoflagellata (la pagina non esiste)">Choanoflagellata</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:lightblue"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ichthyosporea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ichthyosporea (la pagina non esiste)">Ichthyosporea</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:lightblue"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cristidiscoidea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cristidiscoidea (la pagina non esiste)">Cristidiscoidea</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:lightblue"><b><a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Fungi</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:khaki"><b><a href="/wiki/Amoebozoa" title="Amoebozoa">Amoebozoa</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:lightgreen"><b><a href="/wiki/Archaeplastida" title="Archaeplastida">Archæplastida</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:green"><b><a href="/wiki/Chromalveolata" title="Chromalveolata">Chromalveolata</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:khaki"><b><a href="/wiki/Rhizaria" title="Rhizaria">Rhizaria</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:khaki"><b><a href="/wiki/Excavata" title="Excavata">Excavata</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="background:grey"><b><a href="/wiki/Prokaryota" title="Prokaryota">Prokaryota</a></b> </td> <td bgcolor="2" style="background:lightgrey"><b><a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">Bacteria</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:darkgray"><b><a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archaea</a></b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regno_(biologia)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regno_(biologia)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Alastair G. B. Simpson e Andrew J. Roger, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cell.com/current-biology/abstract/S0960-9822(04)00625-6"><span style="font-style:italic;">The real ‘kingdoms’ of eukaryotes</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Current Biology</span>, vol. 14, n. 17, 7 settembre 2004, pp. R693–R696, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cub.2004.08.038">10.1016/j.cub.2004.08.038</a>. <small>URL consultato il 16 febbraio 2021</small>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regno_(biologia)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regno_(biologia)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Carl Linnaeus (1735) <i>Systemae Naturae, sive regna tria naturae, systematics proposita per classes, ordines, genera & species</i>. Ex typographia Joannis Wilhelmi de Groot. (1ª Ed.)</li> <li>E. Haeckel (1866). <i>Generelle Morphologie der Organismen</i>. Reimer, Berlin.</li> <li>Chatton, E. (1925). <i>Pansporella perplexa. Réflexions sur la biologie et la phylogénie des protozoaires</i>. Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. 10e serie, VII:1-84</li> <li>H. Copeland (1938) <i>The kingdoms of organisms</i>, <a href="/wiki/Quarterly_Review_of_Biology" class="mw-redirect" title="Quarterly Review of Biology">Quarterly Review of Biology</a> v.13, p. 383-420.</li> <li>H. Copeland (1956) <i>The classification of lower organisms</i>, Palo Alto, California, Pacific Books, 1956</li> <li>R. H. Whittaker (1969). <i>New concepts of kingdoms of organisms</i>. Science 163: 150–160.</li> <li>C. R. Woese & G. E. Fox (1977). <i>"Phylogenetic structure of the prokaryotic domain: The primary kingdoms (archaebacteria/ eubacteria/urkaryote/16S ribosomal RNA/molecular phylogeny)"</i>. Department of Genetics and Development, University of Illinois. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 74, No. 11, pp. 5088–5090, Nov.77.</li> <li>Carl R. Woese, Otto Kandler, Mark L. Wheelis (1990): "<i>Towards a Natural System of Organisms: Proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya</i>", doi:10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576.</li> <li>Cavalier-Smith, T. (1998). <i>A revised six-kingdom system of life</i>. Evolutionary Biology Programme, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, EC, Canada V6T 1Z4.</li> <li>Cavalier-Smith, T. (2004). <i>Only six kingdoms of life</i>. <i>Proc. R. Soc. Lond.</i> B 271: 1251-1262. (pdf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cladocera.de/protozoa/cavalier-smith_2004_prs.pdf">qui</a>).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regno_(biologia)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regno_(biologia)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classificazione_scientifica" title="Classificazione scientifica">Classificazione scientifica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistematica" title="Sistematica">Sistematica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomenclatura_binomiale" title="Nomenclatura binomiale">Nomenclatura binomiale</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regno_(biologia)&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regno_(biologia)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/kingdom-taxon"><span style="font-style:italic;">kingdom</span></a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/kingdom-ecology"><span style="font-style:italic;">kingdom (altra versione)</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36732#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/97/15/8392?ijkey=1461736e60a52afd6616c4be1c6e54b1dd177c5c">C.R.Woese (2000, in inglese)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050405203236/http://www.life.uiuc.edu/micro/faculty/faculty_woese.htm">C.R.Woese (2003, in inglese)</a></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cladocera.de/protozoa/cavalier-smith_2004_prs.pdf"><span style="font-style:italic;">Classificazione di T.Cavalier-Smith (2004, in inglese)</span></a> (<span style="font-weight: bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="documento in formato PDF">PDF</abbr></span>), su <span style="font-style:italic;">cladocera.de</span>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/24/5/1181"><span style="font-style:italic;">Fukami-Kobayashi e altri (2007, in inglese)</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">mbe.oxfordjournals.org</span>.</cite></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Nuovo_soggettario" title="Nuovo soggettario">Thesaurus BNCF</a> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=27918">27918</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; 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