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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Cberfall_auf_Cartagena" title="Überfall auf Cartagena – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Überfall auf Cartagena" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expedici%C3%B3n_de_Cartagena_(1697)" title="Expedición de Cartagena (1697) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Expedición de Cartagena (1697)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exp%C3%A9dition_de_Carthag%C3%A8ne_(1697)" title="Expédition de Carthagène (1697) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Expédition de Carthagène (1697)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" 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Years' War"><span class="wrap">Nine Years' War</span></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Flanders and the Lower Rhine</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kaiserswerth_(1689)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Kaiserswerth (1689) (page does not exist)">Kaiserswerth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Walcourt" title="Battle of Walcourt">Walcourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bonn_(1689)" title="Siege of Bonn (1689)">Bonn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fleurus_(1690)" title="Battle of Fleurus (1690)">Fleurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mons_(1691)" title="Siege of Mons (1691)">Mons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leuze" title="Battle of Leuze">Leuze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Namur_(1692)" title="Siege of Namur (1692)">1st Namur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Steenkerque" title="Battle of Steenkerque">Steenkerque</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dottignies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dottignies (page does not exist)">Dottignies</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Huy_(1693)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Huy (1693) (page does not exist)">1st Huy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Landen" title="Battle of Landen">Landen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Charleroi_(1693)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Charleroi (1693) (page does not exist)">Charleroi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Diksmuide_(1694)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Diksmuide (1694) (page does not exist)">1st Diksmuide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Huy_(1694)" title="Siege of Huy (1694)">2nd Huy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Namur_(1695)" title="Siege of Namur (1695)">2nd Namur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capitulation_of_Deinze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capitulation of Deinze (page does not exist)">1st Deinze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardment_of_Brussels_(1695)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardment of Brussels (1695)">Brussels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitulation_of_Diksmuide" title="Capitulation of Diksmuide">2nd Diksmuide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardment_of_Givet" title="Bombardment of Givet">Givet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capture_of_Deinze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capture of Deinze (page does not exist)">2nd Deinze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ath_(1697)" title="Siege of Ath (1697)">Ath</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Upper Rhine</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Philippsburg_(1688)" title="Siege of Philippsburg (1688)">Philippsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Mannheim_(1688)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Mannheim (1688) (page does not exist)">Mannheim</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Frankenthal_(1688)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Frankenthal (1688) (page does not exist)">Frankenthal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mainz_(1689)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Mainz (1689)">Mainz</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Piedmont</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Staffarda" title="Battle of Staffarda">Staffarda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Susa_(1690)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Susa (1690) (page does not exist)">Susa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Nice_(1691)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Nice (1691) (page does not exist)">Nice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Cuneo_(1691)" title="Siege of Cuneo (1691)">Cuneo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Pinerolo_(1693)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Pinerolo (1693) (page does not exist)">Pinerolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marsaglia" title="Battle of Marsaglia">Marsaglia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Valenza_(1696)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Valenza (1696) (page does not exist)">Valenza</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Catalonia</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revolt_of_the_Barretinas" title="Revolt of the Barretinas">Barretinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Brotherhood" title="Second Brotherhood">Second Brotherhood</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Roses_(1693)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Roses (1693) (page does not exist)">Roses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Torroella" title="Battle of Torroella">Torroella</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Girona_(1694)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Girona (1694) (page does not exist)">Girona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sant_Esteve_d%27en_Bas" title="Battle of Sant Esteve d'en Bas">Sant Esteve d'en Bas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Barcelona_(1697)" title="Siege of Barcelona (1697)">Barcelona</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Ireland</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Bandon" title="Capture of Bandon">Bandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Break_of_Dromore" title="Break of Dromore">Dromore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Derry" title="Siege of Derry">Derry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Newtownbutler" title="Battle of Newtownbutler">Newtownbutler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Carrickfergus_(1689)" title="Siege of Carrickfergus (1689)">Carrickfergus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Newry" title="Raid on Newry">Newry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cavan" title="Battle of Cavan">Cavan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Boyne" title="Battle of the Boyne">Boyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Athlone_(1690)" title="Siege of Athlone (1690)">1st Athlone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Waterford" title="Capture of Waterford">Waterford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Limerick_(1690)" title="Siege of Limerick (1690)">1st Limerick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Cork" title="Siege of Cork">Cork and Kinsale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Athlone" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Athlone">2nd Athlone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aughrim" title="Battle of Aughrim">Aughrim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Limerick_(1691)" title="Siege of Limerick (1691)">2nd Limerick</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Great Britain</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glorious_Revolution" title="Glorious Revolution">Invasion of England</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wincanton_Skirmish" title="Wincanton Skirmish">Wincanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Reading_(1688)" title="Battle of Reading (1688)">Reading</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Loup_Hill" title="Battle of Loup Hill">Loup Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Killiecrankie" title="Battle of Killiecrankie">Killiecrankie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dunkeld" title="Battle of Dunkeld">Dunkeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cromdale" title="Battle of Cromdale">Cromdale</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Caribbean</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sabana_Real" title="Battle of Sabana Real">1st Guárico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Gu%C3%A1rico_(1695)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Guárico (1695) (page does not exist)">2nd Guárico</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cartagena de Indias</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Gu%C3%A1rico_(1697)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Guárico (1697) (page does not exist)">3rd Guárico</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Asia</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Pondich%C3%A9ry_(1693)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Pondichéry (1693) (page does not exist)">Pondichéry</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Naval battles</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bantry_Bay" title="Battle of Bantry Bay">Bantry Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Beachy_Head_(1690)" title="Battle of Beachy Head (1690)">Beachy Head</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Alicante_(1691)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Alicante (1691) (page does not exist)">Alicante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_Barfleur_and_La_Hougue" title="Battles of Barfleur and La Hougue">Barfleur and La Hogue</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_at_Barfleur" title="Action at Barfleur">Barfleur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_at_Cherbourg_(1692)" title="Action at Cherbourg (1692)">Cherbourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_at_La_Hogue_(1692)" title="Action at La Hogue (1692)">La Hogue</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lagos_(1693)" title="Battle of Lagos (1693)">Lagos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Camaret" title="Battle of Camaret">Camaret</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardment_of_Dieppe_(1694)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bombardment of Dieppe (1694) (page does not exist)">Dieppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Texel_(1694)" title="Battle of Texel (1694)">Texel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardment_of_Dunkirk_(1695)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bombardment of Dunkirk (1695) (page does not exist)">Dunkirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dogger_Bank_(1696)" title="Battle of Dogger Bank (1696)">Dogger Bank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prise_et_pillage_de_Carthagene_d%27Amerique_en_1697_par_Pointis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Prise_et_pillage_de_Carthagene_d%27Amerique_en_1697_par_Pointis.jpg/300px-Prise_et_pillage_de_Carthagene_d%27Amerique_en_1697_par_Pointis.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="386" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Prise_et_pillage_de_Carthagene_d%27Amerique_en_1697_par_Pointis.jpg/450px-Prise_et_pillage_de_Carthagene_d%27Amerique_en_1697_par_Pointis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Prise_et_pillage_de_Carthagene_d%27Amerique_en_1697_par_Pointis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="559" data-file-height="719" /></a><figcaption>Illustration of Pointis' 1697 raid on Cartagena de Indias by Pierre Landry.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>raid on Cartagena de Indias</b> was a successful attack by the French on the fortified city of <a href="/wiki/Cartagena,_Colombia" title="Cartagena, Colombia">Cartagena de Indias</a>, on 6 May 1697, as part of the <a href="/wiki/Nine_Years%27_War" title="Nine Years' War">War of the Grand Alliance</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raid_on_Cartagena_de_Indias_(1697)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By 1695, the <a href="/wiki/French_Navy" title="French Navy">French Navy</a> had declined to the point that it could no longer face the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">English</a> and <a href="/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_Navy" title="Royal Netherlands Navy">Dutch</a> in an open sea battle and therefore had switched to <a href="/wiki/Privateer" title="Privateer">privateering</a> – <i>guerre de course</i>. <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Desjean,_Baron_de_Pointis" title="Bernard Desjean, Baron de Pointis">Bernard Desjean, Baron de Pointis</a>, active in the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> from the beginning of the war, was able to convince King <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XIV of France">Louis XIV of France</a> to let him try a daring attack on the richest city of the region, Cartagena, in present-day <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Raid">Raid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raid_on_Cartagena_de_Indias_(1697)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Raid"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He received command of a fleet of seven capital <a href="/wiki/Ship" title="Ship">ships</a>, three <a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">frigates</a>, and some smaller vessels. The squadron left from <a href="/wiki/Brest,_France" title="Brest, France">Brest, France</a>, on 7 January 1697, and arrived at <a href="/wiki/Saint-Domingue" title="Saint-Domingue">Saint-Domingue</a> in the <a href="/wiki/West_Indies" title="West Indies">West Indies</a> on 3 March. Pointis requested assistance from governor <a href="/wiki/Jean_du_Casse" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean du Casse">Jean du Casse</a>, who gave his support only reluctantly, as he preferred an attack on <a href="/wiki/Portobelo,_Col%C3%B3n" title="Portobelo, Colón">Portobelo</a>. One month later, a fleet with 1,200 soldiers and 650 <a href="/wiki/Buccaneer" title="Buccaneer">buccaneers</a> appeared before Cartagena. </p><p>The renowned Spanish defences were not what they had once been, and Pointis conquered both fortresses which defended Cartagena relatively easily, losing only sixty men. Between 6 May and 24 May 1697 the French plundered the city, accumulating loot valued at ten to twenty million livres. </p><p>Pointis then set sail directly for France, cheating his buccaneer allies of their promised share of the loot. Outraged, the buccaneers returned and plundered the city once more, this time not tempered by Pointis, committing rape, extortion and murder. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raid_on_Cartagena_de_Indias_(1697)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prise_de_Carthagene_en_1697_Ozanne_N.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Prise_de_Carthagene_en_1697_Ozanne_N.jpg/300px-Prise_de_Carthagene_en_1697_Ozanne_N.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Prise_de_Carthagene_en_1697_Ozanne_N.jpg/450px-Prise_de_Carthagene_en_1697_Ozanne_N.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/Prise_de_Carthagene_en_1697_Ozanne_N.jpg 2x" data-file-width="561" data-file-height="378" /></a><figcaption>Cartagena under the control of the French; illustration by <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Ozanne" title="Nicolas Ozanne">Nicolas Ozanne</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>On his return voyage to France, Pointis managed to avoid the English admiral <a href="/wiki/John_Nevell" title="John Nevell">John Nevell</a>, whose squadron had been diverted from <a href="/wiki/Cadiz" class="mw-redirect" title="Cadiz">Cadiz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>, to pursue the French privateer. After a three-day chase, Nevell had captured only one ship. Unfortunately for him, this was a hospital ship infested with <a href="/wiki/Yellow_fever" title="Yellow fever">yellow fever</a>, which now spread through the English and Dutch fleets. The disease killed 1,300 English sailors, six captains, and Admiral Nevell himself; only one captain in the Dutch squadron survived. </p><p>The French did not escape unscathed, as yellow fever spread through their fleet, too, killing hundreds of sailors. However, Pointis made it back to France and gave Louis XIV his share of two million livres. The rest of the loot made Pointis an immensely rich man. </p><p>He published <i>Relation de l'expédition de Carthagène faite par les François en 1697</i> in <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a> the next year. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raid_on_Cartagena_de_Indias_(1697)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sancho_Jimeno_de_Orozco" title="Sancho Jimeno de Orozco">Sancho Jimeno de Orozco</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raid_on_Cartagena_de_Indias_(1697)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Lynn, John A. <i>The Wars of Louis XIV: 1667–1714.</i> Longman, (1999). <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-582-05629-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-582-05629-2">0-582-05629-2</a></li> <li>Roger N.A.M. <i>The Command of the Ocean: A Naval History of Britain 1649–1815,</i> Penguin Group, (2006). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-102690-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-102690-1">0-14-102690-1</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span 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