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id="toc-Territory_and_status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Territory_and_status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Territory and status</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Territory_and_status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Terrain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Terrain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Terrain</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Terrain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flora_and_fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flora_and_fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Flora and fauna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flora_and_fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rivers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rivers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Rivers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rivers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Population</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Population-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Population subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ethnic_groups_in_Rivers_State" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethnic_groups_in_Rivers_State"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Ethnic groups in Rivers State</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethnic_groups_in_Rivers_State-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Natural_resources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natural_resources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Natural resources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natural_resources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Agriculture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agriculture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Agriculture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agriculture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Infrastructure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Energy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Energy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Water" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Water"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Water</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Water-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_and_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_and_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Government and politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government_and_politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Government and politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Government_and_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Electoral_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Electoral system</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electoral_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Executive" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Executive"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Executive</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Executive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legislature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Legislature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Judiciary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judiciary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Judiciary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judiciary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Federal_representation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Federal_representation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Federal representation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Federal_representation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Local_Government_Areas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_Government_Areas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.6</span> <span>Local Government Areas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_Government_Areas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cities_and_towns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cities_and_towns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.7</span> <span>Cities and towns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cities_and_towns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Education subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Primary_and_secondary_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary_and_secondary_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Primary and secondary education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary_and_secondary_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colleges_and_universities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colleges_and_universities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Colleges and universities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colleges_and_universities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_wards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_wards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Political wards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_wards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rivers State</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 51 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B2" title="ولاية ريفرز – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ولاية ريفرز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers_%C5%9Ftat%C4%B1" title="Rivers ştatı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Rivers ştatı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B2_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="ریورز ایالتی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ریورز ایالتی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers_Chiu" title="Rivers Chiu – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Rivers Chiu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers_State" title="Rivers State – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Rivers State" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%81" title="Ривърс – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ривърс" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers" title="Rivers – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Rivers" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers_State" title="Rivers State – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Rivers State" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers" title="Rivers – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rivers" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers_State,_Nigeria" title="Rivers State, Nigeria – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Rivers State, Nigeria" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers" title="Rivers – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rivers" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers" title="Rivers – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rivers" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riversi_osariik" title="Riversi osariik – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Riversi osariik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estado_de_Rivers" title="Estado de Rivers – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estado de Rivers" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivera_%C5%9Dtato" title="Rivera ŝtato – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rivera ŝtato" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B2" title="ایالت ریورز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ایالت ریورز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tat_de_Rivers" title="État de Rivers – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="État de Rivers" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers" title="Rivers – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Rivers" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guw mw-list-item"><a href="https://guw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayimat%E1%BA%B9n_Rivers_T%E1%BB%8Dn" title="Ayimatẹn Rivers Tọn – Gun" lang="guw" hreflang="guw" data-title="Ayimatẹn Rivers Tọn" data-language-autonym="Gungbe" data-language-local-name="Gun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gungbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EB%B2%84%EC%8A%A4%EC%A3%BC" title="리버스주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="리버스주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jihar_Rivers" title="Jihar Rivers – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Jihar Rivers" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="रिवर्ज़ राज्य – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रिवर्ज़ राज्य" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C8%AEra_Rivers" title="Ȯra Rivers – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ȯra Rivers" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers" title="Rivers – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rivers" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers_(Nigeria)" title="Rivers (Nigeria) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rivers (Nigeria)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="რივერსის შტატი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რივერსის შტატი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers_State" title="Rivers State – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Rivers State" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Риверс (штат) – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Риверс (штат)" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers_%C3%A1llam" title="Rivers állam – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Rivers állam" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers_State" title="Rivers State – Nigerian Pidgin" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Rivers State" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="Nigerian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Naijá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers" title="Rivers – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Rivers" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA%E5%B7%9E" title="リバーズ州 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リバーズ州" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers_(Bundesstoot)" title="Rivers (Bundesstoot) – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Rivers (Bundesstoot)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers_State" title="Rivers State – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rivers State" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers" title="Rivers – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rivers" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rios_(estado)" title="Rios (estado) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rios (estado)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statul_Rivers" title="Statul Rivers – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Statul Rivers" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Риверс (штат) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Риверс (штат)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BA_(%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80)" title="රිවර්ස් ප්‍රාන්තය (නයිජීරියාව) – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="රිවර්ස් ප්‍රාන්තය (නයිජීරියාව)" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers_State" title="Rivers State – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Rivers State" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81_(%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0)" title="Риверс (држава) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Риверс (држава)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers" title="Rivers – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rivers" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers" title="Rivers – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rivers" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers_(eyalet)" title="Rivers (eyalet) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Rivers (eyalet)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%CC%B1tet_Rivat" title="Si̱tet Rivat – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Si̱tet Rivat" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Риверс (штат) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Риверс (штат)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B2_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="ریورز ریاست – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ریورز ریاست" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivers_(estado)" title="Rivers (estado) – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Rivers (estado)" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Cp%C3%ADnl%E1%BA%B9%CC%80_Rivers" title="Ìpínlẹ̀ Rivers – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìpínlẹ̀ Rivers" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E6%B5%81%E5%B7%9E" title="河流州 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="河流州" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivas_(Agan%CC%84-mkpulu)" title="Rivas (Agan̄-mkpulu) – Obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Rivas (Agan̄-mkpulu)" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q503923#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Rivers_State&params=4_45_N_6_50_E_region:NG_type:adm1st"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">4°45′N</span> <span class="longitude">6°50′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">4.750°N 6.833°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">4.750; 6.833</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Rivers_State&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliography of Rivers State">Bibliography of Rivers State</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">State of Nigeria</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">State in South South, Nigeria</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Rivers State</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/States_of_Nigeria" title="States of Nigeria">State</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bonny_City_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Bonny_City_-_panoramio.jpg/250px-Bonny_City_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Bonny_City_-_panoramio.jpg/375px-Bonny_City_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Bonny_City_-_panoramio.jpg/500px-Bonny_City_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rivers_State_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Rivers State"><img alt="Flag of Rivers State" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Rivers_State_Flag.svg/100px-Rivers_State_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Rivers_State_Flag.svg/150px-Rivers_State_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Rivers_State_Flag.svg/200px-Rivers_State_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Government_of_Rivers_State_logo.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Rivers State"><img alt="Seal of Rivers State" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/65/Government_of_Rivers_State_logo.png/100px-Government_of_Rivers_State_logo.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/65/Government_of_Rivers_State_logo.png/150px-Government_of_Rivers_State_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/65/Government_of_Rivers_State_logo.png/200px-Government_of_Rivers_State_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="266" data-file-height="263" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Seal</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nicknames: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_state_nicknames" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Nigerian state nicknames">Treasure Base of the Nation</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nigeria_-_Rivers.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Rivers State in Nigeria"><img alt="Location of Rivers State in Nigeria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Nigeria_-_Rivers.svg/250px-Nigeria_-_Rivers.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Nigeria_-_Rivers.svg/375px-Nigeria_-_Rivers.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Nigeria_-_Rivers.svg/500px-Nigeria_-_Rivers.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="954" data-file-height="734" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of Rivers State in Nigeria</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Rivers_State&params=4_45_N_6_50_E_region:NG_type:adm1st"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">4°45′N</span> <span class="longitude">6°50′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">4.750°N 6.833°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">4.750; 6.833</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geopolitical_zones_of_Nigeria" title="Geopolitical zones of Nigeria">Geopolitical zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/South_South" title="South South">South South</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_states_by_date_of_statehood" title="List of Nigerian states by date of statehood">Formation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">27 May 1967<span class="noprint"> (57 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1967-05-27</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt" title="Port Harcourt">Port Harcourt</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_areas_of_Nigeria" title="Local government areas of Nigeria">LGAs</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><b></b>23</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Rivers_State" title="Government of Rivers State">Government of Rivers State</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Rivers_State" title="Governor of Rivers State">Governor</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Siminalayi_Fubara" title="Siminalayi Fubara">Siminalayi Fubara</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rivers_State_People%27s_Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Rivers State People's Democratic Party">PDP</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Governor_of_Rivers_State" title="Deputy Governor of Rivers State">Deputy</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ngozi_Odu" title="Ngozi Odu">Ngozi Odu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rivers_State_People%27s_Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Rivers State People's Democratic Party">PDP</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Legislature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rivers_State_House_of_Assembly" title="Rivers State House of Assembly">Rivers State House of Assembly</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Nigeria" title="Senate of Nigeria">Senators</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rivers_East_Senatorial_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Rivers East Senatorial District">E</a>: <a href="/wiki/Onyesoh_Alwell" title="Onyesoh Alwell">Onyesoh Alwell</a> (<a href="/wiki/People%27s_Democratic_Party_(Nigeria)" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)">PDP</a>)</span><br /><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rivers_South_East_senatorial_district" title="Rivers South East senatorial district">SE</a>: <a href="/wiki/Barry_Mpigi" title="Barry Mpigi">Barry Mpigi</a> (<a href="/wiki/People%27s_Democratic_Party_(Nigeria)" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)">PDP</a>)</span><br /><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rivers_West_Senatorial_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Rivers West Senatorial District">W</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ipalibo_Banigo" title="Ipalibo Banigo">Ipalibo Banigo</a> (<a href="/wiki/People%27s_Democratic_Party_(Nigeria)" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)">PDP</a>)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Nigerian_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Nigerian House of Representatives">Representatives</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_National_Assembly_delegation_from_Rivers#The_9th_Parliament_(2019_-_2023)" title="Nigerian National Assembly delegation from Rivers">List</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">11,077 km<sup>2</sup> (4,277 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_states_by_area" title="List of Nigerian states by area">26th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2006 Census)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">5,198,716<sup id="cite_ref-PHC_Tables_2006_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PHC_Tables_2006-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Estimate <div class="ib-settlement-fn">(2023)</div></div></th><td class="infobox-data">7,817,866<sup id="cite_ref-PHC_Tables_2023_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PHC_Tables_2023-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_states_by_population" title="List of Nigerian states by population">7th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">635.89/km<sup>2</sup> (1,646.9/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Riverian</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_states_by_GDP" title="List of Nigerian states by GDP">GDP</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Year</th><td class="infobox-data">2021</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total</th><td class="infobox-data">$19.72 billion (nominal)<br />$51.529 billion (PPP)<sup id="cite_ref-C-GIDD_GDP_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-C-GIDD_GDP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Per capita</th><td class="infobox-data">$2,277 (nominal)<br />$5,949 (PPP)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B01" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+01">UTC+01</a> (<a href="/wiki/West_Africa_Time" title="West Africa Time">WAT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">postal code</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">500001</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:NG" title="ISO 3166-2:NG">NG-RI</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Pidgin" title="Nigerian Pidgin">Nigerian Pidgin</a><br /><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ikwerre_language" title="Ikwerre language">Ikwerre</a><br />]<br /><a href="/wiki/Ijaw_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ijaw language">Ijaw</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ogoni_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ogoni language">Ogoni</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> (2022)</th><td class="infobox-data">0.601<sup id="cite_ref-GlobalDataLab_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GlobalDataLab-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#fc0">medium</span> · <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_states_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of Nigerian states by Human Development Index">17th of 37</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.riversstate.gov.ng">www<wbr />.riversstate<wbr />.gov<wbr />.ng</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Rivers State</b>, also known as <b>Rivers</b>, is a <a href="/wiki/States_of_Nigeria" title="States of Nigeria">state</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Niger_Delta" title="Niger Delta">Niger Delta</a> region of southern <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> (Old Eastern Region).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Formed on 27 May 1967, when it was split from the former <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Region,_Nigeria" title="Eastern Region, Nigeria">Eastern Region</a>, Rivers State borders include <a href="/wiki/Imo_State" title="Imo State">Imo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anambra_State" title="Anambra State">Anambra</a> to the north, <a href="/wiki/Abia_State" title="Abia State">Abia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Akwa_Ibom_State" title="Akwa Ibom State">Akwa Ibom</a> to the east, and <a href="/wiki/Bayelsa_State" title="Bayelsa State">Bayelsa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Delta_State" title="Delta State">Delta</a> to the west.The State capital, <a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt" title="Port Harcourt">Port Harcourt</a>, is a <a href="/wiki/Metropolis" title="Metropolis">metropolis</a> that is considered to be the commercial center of the <a href="/wiki/Petroleum_industry_in_Nigeria" title="Petroleum industry in Nigeria">Nigerian oil industry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HBR_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HBR-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With a population of 5,198,716 as of the 2006 census and 7,234,973 in 2023, Rivers State is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_states_by_population" title="List of Nigerian states by population">8th most populous</a> state in Nigeria.<sup id="cite_ref-pop_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pop-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rivers State is a diverse state that is home to many <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic group">ethnic groups</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ijaw_people" title="Ijaw people">Ijaw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ogoni_people" title="Ogoni people">Ogoni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ikwerre_people" title="Ikwerre people">Ikwerre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ogba_people" title="Ogba people">Ogba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ekpeye" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekpeye">Ekpeye</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kalabari_tribe" title="Kalabari tribe">Kalabari</a>. The state is particularly noted for its <a href="/wiki/Linguistic_diversity" class="mw-redirect" title="Linguistic diversity">linguistic diversity</a>, with 30 indigenous languages and dialects being said to be spoken in Rivers State, these include Ekpeye, Ikwerre, <a href="/wiki/Ijaw_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ijaw language">Ijaw</a> (Okrika, Ibani, Kalabari) and <a href="/wiki/Ogoni_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ogoni language">Ogoni</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rivers State is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_states_by_area" title="List of Nigerian states by area">25th largest state by area</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and its geography is dominated by the numerous rivers that flow through it, including the <a href="/wiki/Bonny_River" title="Bonny River">Bonny River</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Economy" title="Economy">economy</a> of Rivers State is dominated by the state's booming petroleum industry. Although the rise of the oil industry has led to increased revenue for the state government, mismanagement and corruption have prevented the state from rapid development and meaningfully tackling <a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_Nigeria" title="Poverty in Nigeria">poverty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rivers State is considered one of the fastest-growing states in terms of modern infrastructure and urbanization in the country. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Territory_and_status">Territory and status</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Territory and status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rivers State, named after the many rivers that border its territory, was part of the <a href="/wiki/Oil_Rivers_Protectorate" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil Rivers Protectorate">Oil Rivers Protectorate</a> from 1885 till 1893 when it became part of the <a href="/wiki/Niger_Coast_Protectorate" title="Niger Coast Protectorate">Niger Coast Protectorate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1900, the region was merged with the chartered territories of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Niger_Company" title="Royal Niger Company">Royal Niger Company</a> to form the colony of <a href="/wiki/Southern_Nigeria_Protectorate" title="Southern Nigeria Protectorate">Southern Nigeria</a>. The state was formed in 1967 with the split of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Region,_Nigeria" title="Eastern Region, Nigeria">Eastern Region</a> of Nigeria. In 1996 the state lost territory to form <a href="/wiki/Bayelsa_State" title="Bayelsa State">Bayelsa State</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the early days of the <a href="/wiki/Colonial_Nigeria" title="Colonial Nigeria">colonial period</a>, several protection treaties were signed between various indigenous communities and the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British</a> colonial government<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. Between 1941 and 1952, agitation for the creation of Rivers Province began with the formation of the <b>Ijo Rivers People's League</b>. By 1953, the Council of Rivers Chiefs was birthed as a replacement body for the League, the same year, another organization, the <b>Calabar Ogoja Rivers</b> (COR) State Movement became existent. </p><p>The Council of Rivers Chiefs was later renamed in 1954 to Rivers Chiefs and People's Congress and in 1956, the organization became known as the Rivers Chiefs People's Conference.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Until 1958, hopes of an independent state resonated with the region and lingered consistently in the minds of its natives. During the constitutional conference that year, the country's nationhood was affirmed while an agreement was reached on some measures to mitigate the fears of the ethnic minorities in the area. Around this time, the COR State Movement had broken away to press their case. Thereafter, the British launched a commission led by <a href="/wiki/Sir_Henry_Willink,_1st_Baronet" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Henry Willink, 1st Baronet">Sir Henry Willink</a> to look into the misgivings of these autochthons. The Willink Commission initiated the conception of the <a href="/wiki/Niger_Delta" title="Niger Delta">Niger Delta</a> Development Board (NDDB). The purpose was to tackle the problems of underdevelopment, however, this failed to rise to the expectations of the masses. After much discontent, some of the people attempted to take the extralegal route to achieve their goals. </p><p>In February 1966, <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Boro" class="mw-redirect" title="Isaac Boro">Isaac Boro</a>, Sam Owonaro and Nottingham Dick alongside their supporters proclaimed a "Delta People's Republic". The rebellion persisted for twelve days but was resisted by the Federal and the old Eastern Nigeria government. On 27 May 1967, under the administration of <a href="/wiki/Yakubu_Gowon" title="Yakubu Gowon">General Yakubu Gowon</a>, Decree No. 14 was issued, allowing the creation of Rivers State. From then on, complaints about political marginalisation, <a href="/wiki/Environmental_degradation" title="Environmental degradation">environmental degradation</a> and economic pauperisation remained among the <a href="/wiki/Ijaw_people" title="Ijaw people">Ijaw groups</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> such that a separate <a href="/wiki/Bayelsa_State" title="Bayelsa State">Bayelsa State</a> was carved out of Rivers State by the military government of <a href="/wiki/Sani_Abacha" title="Sani Abacha">Sani Abacha</a> on 1 October 1996 and Omuma Local Government Area of Rivers State was created on the same day to include communities such as Umuru in Ofeh.<sup id="cite_ref-history1_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rivers State is a predominantly low-lying <a href="/wiki/Pluvial" title="Pluvial">pluvial</a> state in southern Nigeria, located in the eastern part of the <a href="/wiki/Niger_Delta" title="Niger Delta">Niger Delta</a> on the oceanward extension of the <a href="/wiki/Benue_Trough" title="Benue Trough">Benue Trough</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The inland part of the state consists of <a href="/wiki/Tropical_rainforest" title="Tropical rainforest">tropical rainforest</a>, and towards the coast, the typical Niger Delta environment features many <a href="/wiki/Mangrove_swamps" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangrove swamps">mangrove swamps</a>. Rivers State has a total area of 11,077 km<sup>2</sup> (4,277 sq mi), making it the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_states_by_area" title="List of Nigerian states by area">26th largest state</a> in Nigeria.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Surrounding states are <a href="/wiki/Anambra" class="mw-redirect" title="Anambra">Anambra</a> for four km, <a href="/wiki/Imo_State" title="Imo State">Imo</a> for about 122 km), and <a href="/wiki/Abia_State" title="Abia State">Abia</a> for 87 km (54 miles, partly across the Imo River) to the north, <a href="/wiki/Akwa_Ibom" class="mw-redirect" title="Akwa Ibom">Akwa Ibom</a> to the east across the Imo River and <a href="/wiki/Bayelsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayelsa">Bayelsa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Delta_State" title="Delta State">Delta</a> to the west across the Niger River for about 50 km. On the south, it is bounded by the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a>. Its topography ranges from flat plains, with a network of <a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Rivers_State" class="mw-redirect" title="List of rivers of Rivers State">rivers</a> to tributaries.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Port_Harcourt_City_Climate_March.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Port_Harcourt_City_Climate_March.jpg/220px-Port_Harcourt_City_Climate_March.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Port_Harcourt_City_Climate_March.jpg/330px-Port_Harcourt_City_Climate_March.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Port_Harcourt_City_Climate_March.jpg/440px-Port_Harcourt_City_Climate_March.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1836" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ogoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Ogoni">Ogoni</a> Climate activists and others in Port Harcourt protesting environmental degradation in 2015.</figcaption></figure> <p>Rainfall is generally seasonal, variable, as well as heavy, and occurs between March and October through November.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The <a href="/wiki/Wet_season" title="Wet season">wet season</a> peaks in July, lasting more than 290 days. The only dry months are January and February having little to no effect. </p><p>Total annual rainfall decreases from about 4,700 mm (185 in) on the coast, to about 1,700 mm (67 in) in the extreme north. It is 4,698 mm (185 in) at <a href="/wiki/Bonny,_Rivers_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Bonny, Rivers State">Bonny</a> along the coast and 1,862 mm (73 in) at <a href="/wiki/Degema,_Rivers_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Degema, Rivers State">Degema</a>. For <a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt" title="Port Harcourt">Port Harcourt</a>, temperatures throughout the year are relatively constant with little variation throughout the seasons. Average temperatures are typically between 25 and 28 °C (77 and 82 °F). Some parts of the state still receive up to 150 mm (6 in) of rainfall during the dry period. Relative humidity rarely dips below 60% and fluctuates between 90% and 100% for most of the year. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Terrain">Terrain</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Terrain"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The land surface of Rivers State can be divided into three zones: freshwater swamps, <a href="/wiki/Mangrove_swamp" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangrove swamp">mangrove swamps</a> and coastal sand ridges. The freshwater zone extends northwards from the <a href="/wiki/Mangrove_swamps" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangrove swamps">mangrove swamps</a>. This land surface is generally less than 20m above sea level. As a lower Niger <a href="/wiki/Floodplain" title="Floodplain">floodplain</a>, it contains a greater <a href="/wiki/Silt" title="Silt">silt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clay" title="Clay">clay</a> foundation and is more susceptible to perennial inundation by river floods. The floodplain's total thickness rises to about 45m in the northeast and over 9m in the <a href="/wiki/Beach_ridge" title="Beach ridge">beach ridge</a> barrier zones to the southwest. </p><p>On coastal sand ridges, the soils are mostly sandy or sandy loams. Various crops are supported including <a href="/wiki/Coconut" title="Coconut">coconut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oil_palm" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil palm">oil palm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raffia_palm" title="Raffia palm">raffia palm</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cocoyam" title="Cocoyam">cocoyam</a>. The drier upland region of Rivers State covers 61% of landmass while the riverine areas, with a relief range of 2m to 5m, take up 39%. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flora_and_fauna">Flora and fauna</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Flora and fauna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_fauna_of_Rivers_State" title="List of fauna of Rivers State">List of fauna of Rivers State</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Common_Fig-tree_Blue.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Common_Fig-tree_Blue.JPG/180px-Common_Fig-tree_Blue.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Common_Fig-tree_Blue.JPG/270px-Common_Fig-tree_Blue.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Common_Fig-tree_Blue.JPG/360px-Common_Fig-tree_Blue.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="939" /></a><figcaption>Common fig-tree blue in <a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt_Zoo" title="Port Harcourt Zoo">Port Harcourt Zoo</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Agama_Lizard_-_Male.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Agama_Lizard_-_Male.JPG/220px-Agama_Lizard_-_Male.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Agama_Lizard_-_Male.JPG/330px-Agama_Lizard_-_Male.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Agama_Lizard_-_Male.JPG/440px-Agama_Lizard_-_Male.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Male Agama lizard</figcaption></figure> <p>Due to its geographical location, Rivers State has always played an important role in the <a href="/wiki/Natural_history" title="Natural history">natural history</a> of Nigeria, having been found to host a vast array of wildlife and plants. Its tropical rainforests are home to more species than all other local <a href="/wiki/Biome" title="Biome">biomes</a> combined thanks to its climate and <a href="/wiki/Canopy_(biology)" title="Canopy (biology)">canopy</a> structure. Some of the upland forested areas have seen disruption from human activity, impacting negatively on the <a href="/wiki/Biodiversity" title="Biodiversity">biodiversity</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ecological" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecological">ecological</a> functions of <a href="/wiki/Natural_habitat" class="mw-redirect" title="Natural habitat">natural habitats</a>. In most places, the dominant vegetation usually consists of <i><a href="/wiki/Elaeis_guineensis" title="Elaeis guineensis">Elaeis guineensis</a></i> which has the highest productivity amongst all recognized oleaginous crops. </p><p>The riverine part of the state has three hydro-vegetation zones such as <a href="/wiki/Beach_ridge" title="Beach ridge">beach ridge</a>, salt water and fresh water. Each zone has its characteristics and composition, with the freshwaters encompassing the upper and lower floodplains of the <a href="/wiki/Niger_Delta" title="Niger Delta">Niger Delta</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Finima_Nature_Park" title="Finima Nature Park">Finima Nature Park</a> is a protected area and <a href="/wiki/Forest_reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Forest reserve">forest reserve</a> on <a href="/wiki/Bonny_Island" title="Bonny Island">Bonny Island</a> covering an area of approximately 10 km<sup>2</sup> (3.9 sq mi). The park's vegetation has progressively developed into a high <a href="/wiki/Forest" title="Forest">forest</a> considering the form from which it began in 1999. There are two storeys that can be distinguished from outside the forest, the emergents include <i><a href="/wiki/Symphonia_globulifera" title="Symphonia globulifera">Symphonia globulifera</a></i>, <i>Cleistopholis patens</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Uapaca" title="Uapaca">Uapaca</a></i> spp., <i><a href="/wiki/Musanga_cecropioides" title="Musanga cecropioides">Musanga cecropioides</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Hallea_ledermannii" class="mw-redirect" title="Hallea ledermannii">Hallea ledermannii</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Terminalia_(plant)" title="Terminalia (plant)">Terminalia</a></i> spp., <i><a href="/wiki/Anthostema" title="Anthostema">Anthostema aubryanum</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Tectona_grandis" class="mw-redirect" title="Tectona grandis">Tectona grandis</a></i> and <i>Elaeis guineensis</i>. The <a href="/wiki/Understory" title="Understory">understory</a> is composed mainly of <i><a href="/wiki/Calamus_(palm)" title="Calamus (palm)">Calamus deeratus</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Alchornea_cordifolia" title="Alchornea cordifolia">Alchornea cordifolia</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Monodora" title="Monodora">Monodora tenuifolia</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Harungana_madagascariensis" title="Harungana madagascariensis">Harungana madagascariensis</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Strophanthus_preussii" title="Strophanthus preussii">Strophanthus preussii</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Rauvolfia_vomitoria" title="Rauvolfia vomitoria">Rauvolfia vomitoria</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Raffia_palm" title="Raffia palm">Raphia</a></i> spp. </p><p>The interior of the forest is very shady and as a result a wide variety of <a href="/wiki/Shade_tolerant" class="mw-redirect" title="Shade tolerant">shade tolerant</a> <a href="/wiki/Forbs" class="mw-redirect" title="Forbs">forbs</a> (e.g. <i><a href="/wiki/Nephrolepis_biserrata" title="Nephrolepis biserrata">Nephrolepis biserrata</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Culcasia_scandens" title="Culcasia scandens">Culcasia scandens</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Laportea" title="Laportea">Laportea</a></i> spp., <i><a href="/wiki/Chromolaena_odorata" title="Chromolaena odorata">Chromolaena odorata</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Aframomum_melegueta" class="mw-redirect" title="Aframomum melegueta">Aframomum melegueta</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Costus" title="Costus">Costus afer</a></i>) and various sedges form thickets on the forest floor. By dry season, a large cushion of litter cover the floor because of increase in <a href="/wiki/Abscission" title="Abscission">abscission</a> rate of some plants such as <i><a href="/wiki/Musanga_cecropioides" title="Musanga cecropioides">Musanga cecropioides</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Hallea_ledermannii" class="mw-redirect" title="Hallea ledermannii">Hallea ledermannii</a></i>, <i>Calamus deeratus</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Gmelina_arborea" title="Gmelina arborea">Gmelina arborea</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Raffia_palm" title="Raffia palm">Raphia</a></i> spp. and <i><a href="/wiki/Elaeis_guineensis" title="Elaeis guineensis">Elaeis guineensis</a></i>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reptile" title="Reptile">reptiles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amphibian" title="Amphibian">amphibians</a> are also found in the park. The common mammals are <a href="/wiki/Mona_monkey" title="Mona monkey">mona monkeys</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pygmy_hippopotamus" title="Pygmy hippopotamus">pygmy hippopotamuses</a>. Among the <a href="/wiki/Reptiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Reptiles">reptiles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amphibians" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphibians">amphibians</a> are <a href="/wiki/Snake" title="Snake">snakes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crocodile" title="Crocodile">crocodiles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turtle" title="Turtle">turtles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frog" title="Frog">frogs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lizard" title="Lizard">lizards</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Skink" title="Skink">skinks</a>. </p><p>One of the world's <a href="/wiki/Ramsar_Convention" title="Ramsar Convention">Ramsar Convention</a>-listed <a href="/wiki/Wetland" title="Wetland">wetlands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Upper_Orashi_Forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Upper Orashi Forest">Upper Orashi Forest</a>, is a 252 km<sup>2</sup> (97 sq mi) protected area in <a href="/wiki/Ahoada_West" title="Ahoada West">Ahoada West</a>. It has been identified by <a href="/wiki/BirdLife_International" title="BirdLife International">BirdLife International</a> as an <a href="/wiki/Important_Bird_Area" title="Important Bird Area">IBA</a> because of its importance to global populations of <a href="/wiki/Grey_parrot" title="Grey parrot">grey parrots</a> and other birds.<sup id="cite_ref-IBA_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IBA-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Biseni_Forest" title="Biseni Forest">Biseni Forest</a> in the north west of <a href="/wiki/Ahoada" title="Ahoada">Ahoada</a> and west of Upper Orashi Forest have also been designated an Important Bird Area. The forest has an area of 219 km (136 mi) within which mammals like <a href="/wiki/White-throated_guenon" title="White-throated guenon">red-bellied monkey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yellow-backed_duiker" title="Yellow-backed duiker">yellow-backed duiker</a> are found along with <a href="/wiki/Raffia_palm" title="Raffia palm">raffia palms</a> and some woody broadleaved species such as <i><a href="/wiki/Symphonia_globulifera" title="Symphonia globulifera">Symphonia globulifera</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Ficus" title="Ficus">Ficus</a></i> spp.<sup id="cite_ref-Biseni09_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Biseni09-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Bonny_Estuary" title="Bonny Estuary">Bonny Estuary</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rivers">Rivers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Rivers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:STS61C-42-72_(north)_annotated.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/STS61C-42-72_%28north%29_annotated.svg/220px-STS61C-42-72_%28north%29_annotated.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/STS61C-42-72_%28north%29_annotated.svg/330px-STS61C-42-72_%28north%29_annotated.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/STS61C-42-72_%28north%29_annotated.svg/440px-STS61C-42-72_%28north%29_annotated.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="639" data-file-height="639" /></a><figcaption>Satellite view of Niger Delta. <a href="/wiki/Nun_River" title="Nun River">Nun River</a> in the center</figcaption></figure> <p>The state has many rivers. Notable rivers include:<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andoni_River" title="Andoni River">Andoni River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonny_River" title="Bonny River">Bonny River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Calabar_River" title="New Calabar River">New Calabar River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nun_River" title="Nun River">Nun River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orashi_River" title="Orashi River">Orashi River</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population">Population</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Demographics">Demographics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Per annum growth rate" class="abbr-header">±% p.a.</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1991 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">3,187,844</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2006 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">5,198,716</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.31%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2015 (Est.) </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">7,043,800</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.43%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.citypopulation.de/php/nigeria-admin.php?adm1id=NGA033">"Rivers State, Nigeria - Population Statistics and Location in Maps and Charts"</a>. City Population.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rivers+State%2C+Nigeria+-+Population+Statistics+and+Location+in+Maps+and+Charts&rft.pub=City+Population&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.citypopulation.de%2Fphp%2Fnigeria-admin.php%3Fadm1id%3DNGA033&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Over the period from 1991 to 2006, the total population of Rivers State increased by close to 3 million people. The last official census showed that 5,198,716 people were living in the state, of whom 2,673,026 were male and 2,525,690 were female. Adults and adolescents aged 15 to 64 years accounted for 61% of the population in the state. Children below the age of 15 accounted for 36% of the population, and those aged 65 years and above, another 3%. <a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt_(local_government_area)" title="Port Harcourt (local government area)">Port Harcourt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Obio-Akpor" title="Obio-Akpor">Obio-Akpor</a> had the highest number of inhabitants of any local government area, while <a href="/wiki/Ogu%E2%80%93Bolo" title="Ogu–Bolo">Ogu–Bolo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Omuma" class="mw-redirect" title="Omuma">Omuma</a> had the lowest. The total area of the state was 11,077 km<sup>2</sup> (4,277 sq mi) and the density was 635.89 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,646.9/sq mi). </p><p>According to the world population review<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Population of cities in Nigeria), the capital city of Rivers state, <a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt" title="Port Harcourt">Port Harcourt</a> is ranked 4th on the list. </p><p>Rivers State has a higher literacy rate compared to most states in the <a href="/wiki/South_South" title="South South">South South</a> geopolitical zone. Its male literacy as of 2006 was 52.3% while the female literacy rate was 47.7%.<sup id="cite_ref-Actionpl1_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Actionpl1-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the same survey, it ranked as <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_states_by_area" title="List of Nigerian states by area">26th most extensive</a> and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_states_by_population" title="List of Nigerian states by population">6th most populous</a> of all the states of Nigeria. A 2015 estimate put the number of residents of Rivers State at over 7 million, nearly triple the number recorded in 1991. </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Statistics,_Nigeria" title="National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria">National Bureau of Statistics</a> projection, the population in the state was 4% of the total population of the country. Data of 2010–2015 showed <a href="/wiki/Life_expectancies" class="mw-redirect" title="Life expectancies">life expectancies</a> for male, 54 years and female, 57 years were very low.<sup id="cite_ref-SHDP1_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SHDP1-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> General <a href="/wiki/Mortality_rate" title="Mortality rate">mortality rate</a> was 60 per 1000, <a href="/wiki/Child_mortality" title="Child mortality">under-5 mortality</a> rate was 90 and <a href="/wiki/Maternal_mortality" class="mw-redirect" title="Maternal mortality">maternal mortality</a> rate was 889 per 100,000 live births, one of the highest nationwide.<sup id="cite_ref-SHDP1_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SHDP1-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnic_groups_in_Rivers_State">Ethnic groups in Rivers State</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Ethnic groups in Rivers State"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rivers State has a rich cultural heritage, and its people are friendly and known for their hospitality. The state has 23 distinct ethnic groups including Ekpeye, Ogba, Kalabari, Ikwerre and Ogoni amongst others. It is on record that Port Harcourt is the second biggest commercial, agriculture and busiest airport & seaports in Nigeria. Rivers state has two seaports situated in Port Harcourt and Onne.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages">Languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As a multi-cultural, multi-tribal region, Rivers State has much to offer in its diversity of people. The area that makes up the modern state has been inhabited in one way or the other since the last year of the <a href="/wiki/First_millennium" class="mw-redirect" title="First millennium">first millennium</a>. The earliest known settled communities in what is now Rivers State include the Riverine <a href="/wiki/Ijaw_people" title="Ijaw people">Ijaw</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ogoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Ogoni">Ogoni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ikwerre_people" title="Ikwerre people">Ikwerre people</a> and other Igboid groups on the mainland.<sup id="cite_ref-Omabala2_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omabala2-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, over 26 distinct groups are recognized by the <a href="/wiki/Rivers_State_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Rivers State government">Rivers State government</a>, each with its own language, lifestyle, and cultural heritage. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Multilingualism" title="Multilingualism">Multilingualism</a> is a part of everyday life for the population of Rivers State and most of Nigeria. English, inherited from <a href="/wiki/British_Nigeria" class="mw-redirect" title="British Nigeria">colonial rule</a> is common and widely spoken in various forms in different localities. Some indigenous Riverians are also bilingual, speaking a mixture of English or <a href="/wiki/Pidgin_English" class="mw-redirect" title="Pidgin English">Pidgin English</a> with one of the native languages. This is partly due to the frequent exposure of the younger generations to foreign dialects, especially in the country's largest cities.<sup id="cite_ref-Fardon45_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fardon45-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Excluding Pidgin, all other ones spoken in the state belong to either <a href="/wiki/Benue%E2%80%93Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="Benue–Congo">Benue–Congo</a> or <a href="/wiki/Ijoid" class="mw-redirect" title="Ijoid">Ijoid</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ogoni_people" title="Ogoni people">Ogoni</a> Languages within the <a href="/wiki/Niger%E2%80%93Congo_language_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Niger–Congo language family">Niger–Congo language family</a>. The Benue–Congo is subdivided into <a href="/wiki/Cross_River_languages" title="Cross River languages">Cross River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Igboid" class="mw-redirect" title="Igboid">Igboid</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Edoid" class="mw-redirect" title="Edoid">Edoid</a> groups. The Ijoid languages are predominant around the creek belt, <a href="/wiki/Ogoni_languages" title="Ogoni languages">Ogoni languages</a> - about 5 of them are spoken across the southern parts of the state, Igboid group of language is spoken in the Northern Areas of the Rivers State.<sup id="cite_ref-Fardon45_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fardon45-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Aboriginal language dialects </th> <th>No. of speakers </th> <th><a href="/wiki/First_language" title="First language">Mother tongue</a> </th> <th>Home language </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Abua_language" title="Abua language">Abua</a> </td> <td align="right">25,000 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Agbirigba" title="Agbirigba">Agbirigba</a> </td> <td align="right">30 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Baan_language" title="Baan language">Baan</a> </td> <td align="right">50,000 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Biseni_language" title="Biseni language">Biseni</a> </td> <td align="right">4,800 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Defaka_language" title="Defaka language">Defaka</a> </td> <td align="right">200 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Degema_language" title="Degema language">Degema</a> </td> <td align="right">30,000 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ekpeye_language" title="Ekpeye language">Ekpeye</a> </td> <td align="right">30,000 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eleme_language" title="Eleme language">Eleme</a> </td> <td align="right">150,000 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Engenni_language" title="Engenni language">Engenni</a> </td> <td align="right">20,000 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Igbo_language" title="Igbo language">Igbo</a> </td> <td align="right">680,000 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ijaw_languages" title="Ijaw languages">Ijaw</a> </td> <td align="right">200,000 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ikwerre_language" title="Ikwerre language">Ikwerre</a> </td> <td align="right">200,000 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kalabari_language" title="Kalabari language">Kalabari</a> </td> <td align="right">570,000 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kugbo_language" title="Kugbo language">Kugbo</a> </td> <td align="right">2,000 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nkoroo_language" title="Nkoroo language">Nkoroo</a> </td> <td align="right">4,600 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/O%E2%80%99chi%E2%80%99chi%E2%80%99_language" class="mw-redirect" title="O’chi’chi’ language">O’chi’chi’</a> </td> <td align="right">— </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Obolo_language" title="Obolo language">Obolo</a> </td> <td align="right">250,000 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Obulom_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Obulom language">Obulom</a> </td> <td align="right">3,420 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Odual_language" title="Odual language">Odual</a> </td> <td align="right">18,000 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ogba_language" title="Ogba language">Ogba</a> </td> <td align="right">80,000 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ogbogolo_language" title="Ogbogolo language">Ogbogolo</a> </td> <td align="right">10,000 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ogbronuagum_language" title="Ogbronuagum language">Ogbronuagum</a> </td> <td align="right">12,000 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ogoni_languages" title="Ogoni languages">Khana</a> </td> <td align="right">500,000 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Okodia_language" title="Okodia language">Okodia</a> </td> <td align="right">3,600 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oruma_language" title="Oruma language">Oruma</a> </td> <td align="right">5,000 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tee_language" title="Tee language">Tee</a> </td> <td align="right">100,000 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukwuani-Aboh-Ndoni_language" title="Ukwuani-Aboh-Ndoni language">Ukwuani-Aboh-Ndoni</a> </td> <td align="right">50,000 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Languages of Rivers State listed by LGA:<sup id="cite_ref-e22_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e22-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>LGA</th> <th>Languages </th></tr> <tr> <td>Abua-Odual</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Central_Delta_languages" title="Central Delta languages">Central Delta languages</a> (<b>Kugbo, Odual, Ogbia</b>), Ijoid language (<b>Ijaw</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ahoada East</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Igboid_languages" title="Igboid languages">Igboid language</a> (<b>Ekpeye</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ahoada West</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Edoid_languages" title="Edoid languages">Edoid language</a> (<b>Egenni</b>), Ijoid language (<b>Ijaw</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Akuku Toru</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ijoid_languages" title="Ijoid languages">Ijoid languages</a> (<b>Kalabari, Bille</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Andoni</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lower_Cross_River_languages" title="Lower Cross River languages">Lower Cross language</a> (<b>Obolo</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Asari-Toru</td> <td>Ijoid language (<b>Kalabari</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Degema</td> <td>Edoid language (<b>Degema</b>), Central Delta languages (<b>Abua, Ogbronuagum</b>) Ijoid languages (<b>Kalabari, Bille</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bonny</td> <td>Ijoid language (<b>Ibani</b>), Igboid language (<b>Ndoki</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Eleme</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ogoni_languages" title="Ogoni languages">Ogoni languages</a> (<b>Eleme, Baan, Nchia; Odido</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Emuohua</td> <td>Igboid language (<b>Ikwerre</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Etche</td> <td>Igboid language (<b>Igbo</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gokana</td> <td>Ogoni language (<b>Gokana</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ikwerre</td> <td>Igboid language (<b>Ikwerre</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Khana</td> <td>Ogoni languages (<b>Khana, Baan</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Obio-Akpor</td> <td>Igboid language (<b>Ikwerre</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ogba-Egbema-Ndoni</td> <td>Igboid language (<b>Igbo</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ogu-Bolo</td> <td>Ijoid language (<b>Kirike</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Okrika</td> <td>Ijoid language (<b>Kirike</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Opobo-Nkoro</td> <td>Ijoid languages (<b>Ibani, Defaka, Nkoroo</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Oyigbo</td> <td>Igboid language (<b>Igbo</b>), Ogoni languages (<b>Khana, Baan</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Port Harcourt</td> <td>Central Delta language (<b>Obulom</b>), Ijoid Languages (<b>Ijaw, Kalabari, Bille, Kirike</b>), Ogoni languages (<b>Khana, Eleme, Gokana, Baan</b>), Igboid languages (<b>Ikwerre, Igbo</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Omumma</td> <td>Igboid language (<b>Igbo</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tai</td> <td>Ogoni languages (<b>Tee/Tai, Baan</b>) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:508px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:20140111-01_Market_in_Igwuruta,_Rivers_State.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A market in Igwuruta, Rivers State"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/20140111-01_Market_in_Igwuruta%2C_Rivers_State.jpg/500px-20140111-01_Market_in_Igwuruta%2C_Rivers_State.jpg" decoding="async" width="500" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/20140111-01_Market_in_Igwuruta%2C_Rivers_State.jpg/750px-20140111-01_Market_in_Igwuruta%2C_Rivers_State.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/20140111-01_Market_in_Igwuruta%2C_Rivers_State.jpg/1000px-20140111-01_Market_in_Igwuruta%2C_Rivers_State.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1296" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:center"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:20140111-01_Market_in_Igwuruta,_Rivers_State.jpg" title="File:20140111-01 Market in Igwuruta, Rivers State.jpg"> </a></div>A market in <a href="/wiki/Igwuruta" title="Igwuruta">Igwuruta</a>, Rivers State</div></div></div> <p>Rivers State has maintained its importance as a leading supplier of wealth to the nation for centuries. In 2021, the state ranked 2nd nationwide with a <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">gross domestic product</a> (GDP) of $51.529 billion and a per capita income of $5,949 (PPP).<sup id="cite_ref-C-GIDD_GDP_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-C-GIDD_GDP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Natural_resources">Natural resources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Natural resources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The state is famous for its vast reserves of crude oil and natural gas. It was perhaps the richest and most important section of the African zone of the British Empire. Rivers State has two major oil refineries, two major seaports, airports, and various industrial estates spread across the land. More than 60% of the country's output of crude oil is produced in the state. Other natural resources found within its boundaries are silica, glass sand and clay.<sup id="cite_ref-niger_delta_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-niger_delta-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agriculture">Agriculture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Agriculture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prior to the discovery of oil in commercial quantity in 1951, Agriculture was the primary occupation of the people of Rivers State. Around the 19th century when the Industrial Revolution reached its peak in England, the area was then referred to as <a href="/wiki/Oil_Rivers_Protectorate" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil Rivers Protectorate">Oil Rivers Protectorate</a>, this was due to its abundant <a href="/wiki/Palm_oil" title="Palm oil">palm oil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palm_kernel" title="Palm kernel">kernel</a> which basically constituted the main revenue source of the country. In a sample survey carried out by the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, about 40% of the rural inhabitants were committed to farming in 1983. Rivers State is one of the leading states in the production of <a href="/wiki/Yam_(vegetable)" title="Yam (vegetable)">yam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cassava" title="Cassava">cassava</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cocoyam" title="Cocoyam">cocoyam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">maize</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">rice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bean" title="Bean">beans</a>. About 39% (760,000 hectares) of the state's total land mass, particularly in the upland area, is suitable for cultivation. Major cash crops produced are <a href="/wiki/Oil_palm" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil palm">oil palm products</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rubber" class="mw-redirect" title="Rubber">rubber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coconut" title="Coconut">coconut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raffia_palm" title="Raffia palm">raffia palm</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jute" title="Jute">jute</a>. Other crops grown for food include <a href="/wiki/Vegetable" title="Vegetable">vegetables</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melon" title="Melon">melon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pineapple" title="Pineapple">pineapples</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mango" title="Mango">mango</a>, pepper, <a href="/wiki/Banana" title="Banana">banana</a> and <a href="/wiki/Plantain_(cooking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantain (cooking)">plantain</a>. The fishing industry is an important sector in Rivers State. Besides being lucrative, fishing is also a favourite pastime activity. There are approximately 270 species of fish existing; with many artisanal fishermen in the riverine areas. The state provides valuable seafood such as <a href="/wiki/Crab" title="Crab">crabs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oyster" title="Oyster">oysters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shrimps_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shrimps (food)">shrimps</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sea_snail" title="Sea snail">sea snails</a> among others. Vertebrates like <a href="/wiki/Bird" title="Bird">birds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">mammals</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reptile" title="Reptile">reptiles</a> are also found in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-niger_delta_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-niger_delta-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Energy">Energy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Energy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:508px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oil_Factory_-_panoramio_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Oil facility at Bonny Island"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Oil_Factory_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg/500px-Oil_Factory_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="500" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Oil_Factory_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg/750px-Oil_Factory_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Oil_Factory_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg/1000px-Oil_Factory_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="1999" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:center"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Oil_Factory_-_panoramio_(cropped).jpg" title="File:Oil Factory - panoramio (cropped).jpg"> </a></div>Oil facility at <a href="/wiki/Bonny_Island" title="Bonny Island">Bonny Island</a></div></div></div> <p>Energy, and especially electricity is the key factor for economic growth. Rivers State has one of the nation's highest per capita energy consumption rates. As of 2012, it had a power generation capacity of 400 <a href="/wiki/Megawatts" class="mw-redirect" title="Megawatts">megawatts</a>, a significant improvement over a meagre 30 megawatts during the late nineties.<sup id="cite_ref-Tide7_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tide7-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its energy sector is protected by the government through legislation and funding. It is overseen by the ministries of <a href="/wiki/Rivers_State_Ministry_of_Power" title="Rivers State Ministry of Power">Power</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rivers_State_Ministry_of_Energy_and_Natural_Resources" title="Rivers State Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources">Energy and Natural Resources</a>. The state's oil-refining capacity is the biggest in the country, with more than 340,000 barrels of crude oil per day. </p><p>There's a vast untapped potential in the state for solar power. Interest in solar energy has been increasing but not much has been invested. Up to now, energy production has been insufficient to meet demand, resulting in frequent power outages, slow manufacturing and low business performance. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transportation">Transportation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:508px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Port_Harcourt_international_airport.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Port Harcourt International Airport, Omagwa"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Port_Harcourt_international_airport.jpg/500px-Port_Harcourt_international_airport.jpg" decoding="async" width="500" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Port_Harcourt_international_airport.jpg/750px-Port_Harcourt_international_airport.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Port_Harcourt_international_airport.jpg/1000px-Port_Harcourt_international_airport.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4628" data-file-height="1436" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:center"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Port_Harcourt_international_airport.jpg" title="File:Port Harcourt international airport.jpg"> </a></div><a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt_International_Airport" title="Port Harcourt International Airport">Port Harcourt International Airport</a>, Omagwa</div></div></div> <p>Transportation within Rivers State is mainly land and water-based. The industry has the <a href="/wiki/Rivers_State_Ministry_of_Transport" title="Rivers State Ministry of Transport">Ministry of Transport</a> as its chief regulating body. Apart from roads and waterways, there are functional <a href="/wiki/Aerodrome" title="Aerodrome">airdromes</a> that provide out-of-state transport. The seaports contain harbors where ships can dock and transfer people or cargo to or from land. </p><p>Federal highways are <a href="/wiki/A2_highway_(Sri_Lanka)" title="A2 highway (Sri Lanka)">A2</a> the Elele-Alimini-Patani East-West Rd from <a href="/wiki/Elele" title="Elele">Elele</a> to <a href="/wiki/Bayelsa_State" title="Bayelsa State">Bayelsa State</a> at Mbiama, <a href="/wiki/A3_highway_(Nigeria)" title="A3 highway (Nigeria)">A3</a> east as the Port Harcourt Enugu Expressway to <a href="/wiki/Abia_State" title="Abia State">Abia State</a> and <a href="/wiki/A231_highway_(Nigeria)" title="A231 highway (Nigeria)">A231</a> north from A3 in <a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt" title="Port Harcourt">Port Harcourt</a> 42 km via Igwuruta and Omagwa to A2 in Elele. </p><p>Other major roads include </p> <ul><li>the Owerri-Ahoada Rd northeast to <a href="/wiki/Imo_State" title="Imo State">Imo State</a>,</li> <li>the Abua-Ogbia Rd north to <a href="/wiki/Ahoada" title="Ahoada">Ahoada</a> where the Ogura-Omoku Rd continues to Imo State,</li> <li>the Rumuji-Mpakurche Rd northwest from Port Harcourt to the Rumuji-Elele Alimini Rd,</li> <li>the Ulakwo Rd northeast from Olakwo to Imo State,</li> <li>the Eberi-Obiga Rd north from Owaza to Abia State,</li> <li>the Asa-Akwere-Obohia Rd east from Owaza to Abia State, and</li> <li>the Alese Rd southeast from Port Harcourt to the Ikot Akan-Deyor Chara Rd across the <a href="/wiki/Imo_River" title="Imo River">Imo River</a> at Kalaoko to <a href="/wiki/Akwa_Ibom_State" title="Akwa Ibom State">Akwa Ibom State</a>.</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Taxicabs" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicabs">Taxicabs</a>, buses and ferries dominate public transport. They are usually inexpensive and are often used for multi-passenger pick-ups. Commercial vehicles in Port Harcourt maintain sky blue, white and sky blue <a href="/wiki/Livery" title="Livery">livery</a>. Operating without these government-approved colours is punishable with a fine of up to ₦10,000.<sup id="cite_ref-Tide3_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tide3-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1067 mm Cape Gauge <a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Railway_Corporation" title="Nigerian Railway Corporation">Eastern Railway Line</a> north from Port Harcourt to Aba in Abia State, built 1913–16, restored 2009–15. </p><p>Both domestic and international flights are available from <a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt_International_Airport" title="Port Harcourt International Airport">Port Harcourt International Airport</a>. Airlines such as <a href="/wiki/Lufthansa" title="Lufthansa">Lufthansa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Air_France" title="Air France">Air France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qatar_Airways" title="Qatar Airways">Qatar Air</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Airlines" title="Ethiopian Airlines">Ethiopian Airlines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Med-View_Airline" title="Med-View Airline">Med-View</a>, <a href="/wiki/Air_Peace" title="Air Peace">Air Peace</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cronos_Airlines" title="Cronos Airlines">Cronos</a> link the state to destinations including <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lagos" title="Lagos">Lagos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Malabo" title="Malabo">Malabo</a>. Passengers can easily get a taxi or rental car at the authorized vehicle area. Companies like <a href="/wiki/Europcar" title="Europcar">Europcar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Avis_Rent_a_Car" class="mw-redirect" title="Avis Rent a Car">Avis</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Hertz_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hertz Corporation">Hertz</a> have offices near the airport. In addition, the <a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt_NAF_Base" title="Port Harcourt NAF Base">Port Harcourt Air Force Base</a> is located in the state capital. It gained popularity as a commercial destination due to the closure of the international airport. After that airport reopened, most airlines abandoned the base. However, it still has some destinations since the airport is closer to the centre than the main airport. </p><p>Seaports handle much more diversified import cargo activities than airports. The <a href="/wiki/Onne" title="Onne">Port of Onne</a> is one of the largest and busiest seaports in the country. Its <a href="/wiki/Mobile_crane" title="Mobile crane">mobile harbour cranes</a> are one of the biggest in Africa, with a lifting capacity of 208 metric tonnes. Another important seaport is the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Port_Harcourt" title="Port of Port Harcourt">Port of Port Harcourt</a>. It was the second-largest port in Nigeria in the 1950s. In 1954, it cleared about $54 million worth of imports and exports, while the shipping facilities at <a href="/wiki/Calabar" title="Calabar">Calabar</a> cleared $11 million worth of goods.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Water">Water</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Water"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The majority of Riverians obtain their water for household use from vendors. There are also those who extract their water from private <a href="/wiki/Borehole" title="Borehole">boreholes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Water_well" class="mw-redirect" title="Water well">wells</a> and incur costs for the investment, maintenance, spare parts, pumping, and in some cases treating the water. Several others receive their domestic water from <a href="/wiki/Rainwater_harvesting" title="Rainwater harvesting">rainwater catchments</a>, nearby streams or rivers. In the oil-bearing communities, many residents have easy access to basic infrastructure systems, although, most of the facilities are nonfunctional.<sup id="cite_ref-UrbanWater_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UrbanWater-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In large urban localities such as Port Harcourt and <a href="/wiki/Obio-Akpor" title="Obio-Akpor">Obio-Akpor</a>, Port Harcourt Water Corporation handles the provision of urban water supply and wastewater management services for 15% of the population. A number of towns and villages with iron-contaminated H<sub>2</sub>O have resorted to treating one chemical contaminant with another. Most of the water collection in low-income urban residential areas is done by women.<sup id="cite_ref-UrbanWater_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UrbanWater-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nigeria_Demographic_and_Health_Survey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (page does not exist)">NDHS</a> reported that 26% of adult females collect drinking water more than adult male counterparts at 21%.<sup id="cite_ref-UrbanWater_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UrbanWater-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In order to improve access to safe, reliable, affordable, and sustainable water supply services, <a href="/wiki/USAID" class="mw-redirect" title="USAID">USAID</a>, through its Sustainable Water and Sanitation in Africa program collaborated with the <a href="/wiki/Rivers_State_Ministry_of_Water_Resources_and_Rural_Development" title="Rivers State Ministry of Water Resources and Rural Development">Ministry of Water Resources and Rural Development</a> from April 2013 to June 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-USAID_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USAID-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_and_politics">Government and politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Government and politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Rivers_State" title="Government of Rivers State">Government of Rivers State</a> and <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Rivers_State" title="Politics of Rivers State">Politics of Rivers State</a></div> <p>The Rivers State government consists of elected representatives and appointed officials. The state government has executive and legislative branches, with an <a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Rivers_State" title="Judiciary of Rivers State">independent judiciary</a>. At the local level, elected officials are responsible for local government areas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Electoral_system">Electoral system</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Electoral system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The governor of the state is selected using a modified two-round system. To be elected in the first round, a candidate must receive the plurality of votes and over 25% of the vote in at least two-thirds of the state local government areas. If no candidate passes the threshold, a second round will be held between the top candidate and the next candidate to have received a plurality of votes in the highest number of local government areas.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Executive">Executive</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Executive"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The executive branch is headed by the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Rivers_State" title="Governor of Rivers State">Governor</a>, assisted by the <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Governor_of_Rivers_State" title="Deputy Governor of Rivers State">Deputy Governor</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> both elected for a term of 4 years (maximum of 2 terms). The governor appoints commissioners responsible for each of the ministries and appoints the heads of parastatals and the state-owned bodies with specific regulatory or administrative duties. In some cases, a governor may be replaced or removed for example, through death, impeachment or if an election is annulled by a competent court of law or by a two-thirds majority of the House of Assembly. The incumbent governor is Siminalayi Fubara a member of the People Democratic Party, who heads the council of Rivers State. Fubara was sworn in on 29 May 2023. He is the 7th Democratic governor of the state and the 16th overall governor of River State<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legislature">Legislature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Legislature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The legislative authority in Rivers State is held by the state <a href="/wiki/Rivers_State_House_of_Assembly" title="Rivers State House of Assembly">House of Assembly</a>, which is made up of elected representatives from all constituencies of the state. Its functions at the state level are relative to those of the National Assembly at the federal level, creating laws for the good governance of the state, as well as acting as a check and balance on the powers and actions of the state's Chief Executive. The House of Assembly consists of three times the total number of seats which the state has in the House of Representatives. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Judiciary">Judiciary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Judiciary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Rivers_State" title="Judiciary of Rivers State">Judiciary of Rivers State</a></div> <p>The judicial branch of the state government has sole authority and responsibility for the interpretation and application of the state's laws as well as the adjudication of disputes or controversies.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It consists of eight courts: the High Court of Justice, the Magistrates Courts, the Customary Courts, the Juveniles Courts, the Revenue Courts, the Sanitation Courts, the Mobile Courts and Ports Related Offences Courts. It is governed mainly by the Chief Judge of the High Court of Justice. There are about 26 serving judges in the High Court of Justice, which comprises 10 Judicial Divisions including <a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt" title="Port Harcourt">Port Harcourt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ahoada" title="Ahoada">Ahoada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Degema,_Rivers" class="mw-redirect" title="Degema, Rivers">Degema</a>, Nchia, <a href="/wiki/Bori,_Rivers" class="mw-redirect" title="Bori, Rivers">Bori</a>, <a href="/wiki/Omoku" title="Omoku">Omoku</a>, Isiokpo, <a href="/wiki/Okrika" title="Okrika">Okrika</a>, Okehi, and <a href="/wiki/Oyigbo" title="Oyigbo">Oyigbo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Judiciary_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Judiciary-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Federal_representation">Federal representation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Federal representation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Elections are conducted every 4 years in which Riverian voters will directly elect 16 representatives to the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Nigeria)" title="National Assembly (Nigeria)">Nigerian National Assembly</a>. Those chosen are grouped into 3 senators representing <a href="/wiki/Rivers_South_East" class="mw-redirect" title="Rivers South East">Rivers South East</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rivers_West" class="mw-redirect" title="Rivers West">Rivers West</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rivers_East" class="mw-redirect" title="Rivers East">Rivers East</a> and 13 representatives representing Andoni/Opobo/Nkoro, Obio/Akpor, Oyigbo/Tai/Eleme, Port Harcourt II, Etche/Omuma, Asari-Toru/Akuku-Toru, Okrika/Ogu–Bolo, Khana/Gokana, Port Harcourt I, Ahoada West/Ogba–Egbema–Ndoni, Abua–Odual/Ahoada East, Ikwerre/Emohua, Degema/Bonny. Since the advent of the <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Nigerian_Republic" title="Fourth Nigerian Republic">Fourth Republic</a> in 1999, the <a href="/wiki/Rivers_State_People%27s_Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Rivers State People's Democratic Party">People's Democratic Party</a> has usually held a majority in both the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Nigeria" title="Senate of Nigeria">Senate</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Nigerian_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Nigerian House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rep_list_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rep_list-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Local_Government_Areas">Local Government Areas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Local Government Areas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rivers State currently consists of 23 <a href="/wiki/Local_government_areas_of_Nigeria" title="Local government areas of Nigeria">Local Government Areas</a> (LGAs), all of which handle local administration, under an elected chairman. Each of the local government areas has its own administrative seat. They are: </p> <table class="wikitable" width="775" style="text-align: center"> <tbody><tr> <th>LGA name </th> <th>Area (km<sup>2</sup>) </th> <th>Census 2006<br /> population </th> <th>Administrative seat </th> <th>Postal<br />Code </th> <th>Wards </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt_(local_government_area)" title="Port Harcourt (local government area)">Port Harcourt</a> </td> <td>109 </td> <td>541,115 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt" title="Port Harcourt">Port Harcourt</a> </td> <td>500 </td> <td>20 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Obio-Akpor" title="Obio-Akpor">Obio-Akpor</a> </td> <td>260 </td> <td>464,789 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumuodumaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rumuodumaya (page does not exist)">Rumuodumaya</a> </td> <td>500 </td> <td>17 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Okrika" title="Okrika">Okrika</a> </td> <td>222 </td> <td>222,026 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Okrika" title="Okrika">Okrika</a> </td> <td>500 </td> <td>12 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ogu%E2%80%93Bolo" title="Ogu–Bolo">Ogu–Bolo</a> </td> <td>89 </td> <td>74,683 </td> <td>Ogu </td> <td>500 </td> <td>12 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eleme,_Rivers_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Eleme, Rivers State">Eleme</a> </td> <td>138 </td> <td>190,884 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eleme,_Rivers_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Eleme, Rivers State">Nchia</a> </td> <td>501 </td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tai,_Nigeria" class="mw-redirect" title="Tai, Nigeria">Tai</a> </td> <td>159 </td> <td>117,797 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sakpenwa" title="Sakpenwa">Sakpenwa</a> </td> <td>501 </td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gokana,_Rivers_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Gokana, Rivers State">Gokana</a> </td> <td>126 </td> <td>228,828 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kpor" title="Kpor">Kpor</a> </td> <td>501 </td> <td>17 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Khana,_Rivers_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Khana, Rivers State">Khana</a> </td> <td>560 </td> <td>294,217 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bori,_Rivers" class="mw-redirect" title="Bori, Rivers">Bori</a> </td> <td>502 </td> <td>19 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oyigbo" title="Oyigbo">Oyigbo</a> </td> <td>248 </td> <td>122,687 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afam,_Rivers_State" title="Afam, Rivers State">Afam</a> </td> <td>502 </td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Opobo%E2%80%93Nkoro" title="Opobo–Nkoro">Opobo–Nkoro</a> </td> <td>130 </td> <td>151,511 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opobo_Town&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Opobo Town (page does not exist)">Opobo Town</a> </td> <td>503 </td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Andoni" title="Andoni">Andoni</a> </td> <td>233 </td> <td>211,009 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ngo_Town&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ngo Town (page does not exist)">Ngo</a> </td> <td>503 </td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bonny,_Rivers_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Bonny, Rivers State">Bonny</a> </td> <td>642 </td> <td>215,358 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bonny,_Rivers_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Bonny, Rivers State">Bonny</a> </td> <td>503 </td> <td>12 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Degema,_Rivers" class="mw-redirect" title="Degema, Rivers">Degema</a> </td> <td>1,011 </td> <td>249,773 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Degema,_Rivers" class="mw-redirect" title="Degema, Rivers">Degema</a> </td> <td>504 </td> <td>17 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asari-Toru" title="Asari-Toru">Asari-Toru</a> </td> <td>113 </td> <td>220,100 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Buguma" title="Buguma">Buguma</a> </td> <td>504 </td> <td>13 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Akuku-Toru" title="Akuku-Toru">Akuku-Toru</a> </td> <td>1,443 </td> <td>156,006 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Abonnema" title="Abonnema">Abonnema</a> </td> <td>504 </td> <td>17 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Abua%E2%80%93Odual" title="Abua–Odual">Abua–Odual</a> </td> <td>704 </td> <td>282,988 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Abua" title="Abua">Abua</a> </td> <td>510 </td> <td>13 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ahoada_West" title="Ahoada West">Ahoada West</a> </td> <td>403 </td> <td>249,425 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Akinima" title="Akinima">Akinima</a> </td> <td>510 </td> <td>12 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ahoada_East" title="Ahoada East">Ahoada East</a> </td> <td>341 </td> <td>166,747 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ahoada" title="Ahoada">Ahoada</a> </td> <td>510 </td> <td>13 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ogba%E2%80%93Egbema%E2%80%93Ndoni" title="Ogba–Egbema–Ndoni">Ogba–Egbema–Ndoni</a> </td> <td>969 </td> <td>284,010 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Omoku" title="Omoku">Omoku</a> </td> <td>510 </td> <td>17 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Emohua" title="Emohua">Emohua</a> </td> <td>831 </td> <td>201,901 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emohua_Town" title="Emohua Town">Emohua</a> </td> <td>511 </td> <td>14 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ikwerre,_Rivers_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Ikwerre, Rivers State">Ikwerre</a> </td> <td>655 </td> <td>189,726 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Isiokpo" title="Isiokpo">Isiokpo</a> </td> <td>511 </td> <td>13 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Etche" title="Etche">Etche</a> </td> <td>805 </td> <td>249,454 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Okehi" title="Okehi">Okehi</a> </td> <td>512 </td> <td>19 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Omuma" class="mw-redirect" title="Omuma">Omuma</a> </td> <td>170 </td> <td>100,366 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eberi" class="mw-redirect" title="Eberi">Eberi</a> </td> <td>512 </td> <td>10 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cities_and_towns">Cities and towns</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Cities and towns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Rivers_State" title="List of cities and towns in Rivers State">List of cities and towns in Rivers State</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Rivers_State" title="List of villages in Rivers State">List of villages in Rivers State</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Rhythm 93.7FM<sup id="cite_ref-Nigeria_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nigeria-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Raypower 100.5FM<sup id="cite_ref-Nigeria_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nigeria-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>International Magazine Subscription Ltd</li> <li>RIVERS STATE BROADCASTING CORPORATION TV</li> <li>Africa Independent Television [AIT].<sup id="cite_ref-takooka.com_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-takooka.com-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>NTA Channel 10, Port Harcourt.<sup id="cite_ref-takooka.com_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-takooka.com-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Wish 99.5 FM<sup id="cite_ref-Believeall_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Believeall-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Today 95.1 FM</li> <li>Naija FM 92.7 FM</li> <li>Nigeria Info 92.3 FM</li> <li>Wazobia 94.1 FM</li> <li>FAMILY LOVE FM 97.7 FM<sup id="cite_ref-Believeall_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Believeall-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Radio Rivers 99.1 FM</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_and_secondary_education">Primary and secondary education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Primary and secondary education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Rivers_State" title="List of schools in Rivers State">List of schools in Rivers State</a></div> <p>As at 1999, the state had 2,805 government primary schools and 243 secondary schools. The secondary schools are concentrated mainly in LGA headquarters towns and in Port Harcourt.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colleges_and_universities">Colleges and universities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Colleges and universities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tertiary institutions include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Elechi_Amadi_Polytechnic" title="Captain Elechi Amadi Polytechnic">Captain Elechi Amadi Polytechnic</a>, formerly <a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt_Polytechnic" class="mw-redirect" title="Port Harcourt Polytechnic">Port Harcourt Polytechnic</a><sup id="cite_ref-self_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-self-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Polytechnic,_Port_Harcourt" title="Eastern Polytechnic, Port Harcourt">Eastern Polytechnic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_College_of_Education_(Technical),_Omoku" title="Federal College of Education (Technical), Omoku">Federal College of Education (Technical), Omoku</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Ajuru_University_of_Education" title="Ignatius Ajuru University of Education">Ignatius Ajuru University</a> at Rumuolumeni, Nkpolu Oroworukwo and Ndele.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenule_Beeson_Saro-Wiwa_Polytechnic" title="Kenule Beeson Saro-Wiwa Polytechnic">Kenule Beeson Saro-Wiwa Polytechnic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PAMO_University_of_Medical_Sciences" title="PAMO University of Medical Sciences">PAMO University of Medical Sciences</a>, Elelenwo, Port Harcourt</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivers_State_University" title="Rivers State University">Rivers State University</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Port_Harcourt" title="University of Port Harcourt">University of Port Harcourt</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Choba.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_wards">Political wards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Political wards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are three hundred and nineteen (319) wards in Rivers State.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Rivers_State" title="List of people from Rivers State">List of people from Rivers State</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Rivers_State-related_articles" class="mw-redirect" title="Index of Rivers State-related articles">Index of Rivers State-related articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Rivers_State" title="Outline of Rivers State">Outline of Rivers State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Rivers_State" title="List of governors of Rivers State">List of governors of Rivers State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Rivers_State" title="List of people from Rivers State">List of people from Rivers State</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/21px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/32px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/42px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Nigeria" title="Portal:Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/19px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/29px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/38px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Africa" title="Portal:Africa">Africa</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-PHC_Tables_2006-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PHC_Tables_2006_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://population.gov.ng/core-activities/surveys/dataset/2006-phc-priority-tables/">"2006 PHC Priority Tables – NATIONAL POPULATION COMMISSION"</a>. <i>population.gov.ng</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=population.gov.ng&rft.atitle=2006+PHC+Priority+Tables+%E2%80%93+NATIONAL+POPULATION+COMMISSION&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpopulation.gov.ng%2Fcore-activities%2Fsurveys%2Fdataset%2F2006-phc-priority-tables%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Rivers_State" title="List of governors of Rivers State">List of governors of Rivers State</a> for a list of prior governors</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PHC_Tables_2023-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PHC_Tables_2023_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nipc.gov.ng/nigeria-states/rivers-state/">"Rivers State – NATIONAL INVESTMENT PROMOTION COUNCIL"</a>. <i>nipc.gov.ng</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nipc.gov.ng&rft.atitle=Rivers+State+%E2%80%93+NATIONAL+INVESTMENT+PROMOTION+COUNCIL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nipc.gov.ng%2Fnigeria-states%2Frivers-state%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-C-GIDD_GDP-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-C-GIDD_GDP_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-C-GIDD_GDP_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOkeowoFatoba2022" class="citation web cs1">Okeowo, Gabriel; Fatoba, Iyanuoluwa, eds. (13 October 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yourbudgit.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/2022-State-of-states_Official.pdf">"State of States 2022 Edition"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Budgit.org</i>. BudgIT<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Budgit.org&rft.atitle=State+of+States+2022+Edition&rft.date=2022-10-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyourbudgit.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2022%2F10%2F2022-State-of-states_Official.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GlobalDataLab-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GlobalDataLab_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/">"Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab"</a>. <i>hdi.globaldatalab.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hdi.globaldatalab.org&rft.atitle=Sub-national+HDI+-+Area+Database+-+Global+Data+Lab&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdi.globaldatalab.org%2Fareadata%2Fshdi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Rivers">"Rivers | state, Nigeria"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Rivers+%7C+state%2C+Nigeria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FRivers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HBR-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HBR_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>Amaechi Catches Facebook Bug</i>, Daily Independent, 10 August 2009</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Amaechi+Catches+Facebook+Bug&rft.pub=Daily+Independent&rft.date=2009-08-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.riversstate.gov.ng/">"Rivers State government website"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rivers+State+government+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.riversstate.gov.ng%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pop-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pop_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.citypopulation.de/php/nigeria-admin.php">"Nigeria: Administrative Division"</a>. City Population<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Rivers&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F504930%2FRivers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tide7-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tide7_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetidenewsonline.com/2012/05/27/power-sector-transformation-in-rivers">"Power Sector Transformation In Rivers State"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Tide_(Nigeria)" title="The Tide (Nigeria)">The Tide</a></i>. 27 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Tide&rft.atitle=Power+Sector+Transformation+In+Rivers+State&rft.date=2012-05-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetidenewsonline.com%2F2012%2F05%2F27%2Fpower-sector-transformation-in-rivers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tide3-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tide3_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetidenewsonline.com/2014/02/05/the-hazards-of-unpainted-taxis/">"The Hazards Of Unpainted Taxis"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Tide_(Nigeria)" title="The Tide (Nigeria)">The Tide</a></i>. 5 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Tide&rft.atitle=The+Hazards+Of+Unpainted+Taxis&rft.date=2014-02-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetidenewsonline.com%2F2014%2F02%2F05%2Fthe-hazards-of-unpainted-taxis%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInformation_Service1956" class="citation book cs1">Information Service (1956). <i>Eastern Region (Nigeria)</i>. Enugu: Enugu, Eastern Nigeria Information Service.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eastern+Region+%28Nigeria%29&rft.place=Enugu&rft.pub=Enugu%2C+Eastern+Nigeria+Information+Service&rft.date=1956&rft.au=Information+Service&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UrbanWater-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UrbanWater_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UrbanWater_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UrbanWater_35-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Project-and-Operations/Nigeria_-_Urban_Water_Sector_Reform_and_Port-Harcourt_Water_Supply_and_Sanitation_Project_-_Appraisal_Report.pdf">"Urban Water Sector Reform And Port Harcourt Water Supply And Sanitation Project"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/AfDB" class="mw-redirect" title="AfDB">AfDB</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Urban+Water+Sector+Reform+And+Port+Harcourt+Water+Supply+And+Sanitation+Project&rft.pub=AfDB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.afdb.org%2Ffileadmin%2Fuploads%2Fafdb%2FDocuments%2FProject-and-Operations%2FNigeria_-_Urban_Water_Sector_Reform_and_Port-Harcourt_Water_Supply_and_Sanitation_Project_-_Appraisal_Report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USAID-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-USAID_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131107222445/http://usaid-suwasa.org/index.php/projects-and-activities/nigeria/item/268-regulatory-water-sector-reforms-in-rivers-state">"Regulatory Water Sector Reforms in Rivers State"</a>. <a href="/wiki/USAID" class="mw-redirect" title="USAID">USAID</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://usaid-suwasa.org/index.php/projects-and-activities/nigeria/item/268-regulatory-water-sector-reforms-in-rivers-state">the original</a> on 7 November 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Regulatory+Water+Sector+Reforms+in+Rivers+State&rft.pub=USAID&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fusaid-suwasa.org%2Findex.php%2Fprojects-and-activities%2Fnigeria%2Fitem%2F268-regulatory-water-sector-reforms-in-rivers-state&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riversstate.gov.ng/executive">"Your-Title-Here"</a>. <i>www.riversstate.gov.ng</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.riversstate.gov.ng&rft.atitle=Your-Title-Here&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riversstate.gov.ng%2Fexecutive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-47061040">"Wetin you suppose know about Nyesom Wike #BBCGovDebate"</a>. <i>BBC News Pidgin</i>. 30 January 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News+Pidgin&rft.atitle=Wetin+you+suppose+know+about+Nyesom+Wike+%23BBCGovDebate&rft.date=2019-01-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fpidgin%2Ftori-47061040&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/judiciary">"judiciary | government | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=judiciary+%7C+government+%7C+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2Fjudiciary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Judiciary-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Judiciary_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141205043554/http://www.riversjudiciary.com/about-us/">"About Us"</a>. Rivers State Judiciary. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.riversjudiciary.com/about-us/">the original</a> on 5 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Us&rft.pub=Rivers+State+Judiciary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.riversjudiciary.com%2Fabout-us%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rep_list-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rep_list_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_National_Assembly_delegation_from_Rivers" title="Nigerian National Assembly delegation from Rivers">Nigerian National Assembly delegation from Rivers</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nigeria-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nigeria_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nigeria_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNigeria2018" class="citation web cs1">Nigeria, Media (8 February 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.medianigeria.com/list-of-media-companies-in-rivers-state/">"List Of Media Companies In Rivers State"</a>. <i>Media Nigeria</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Media+Nigeria&rft.atitle=List+Of+Media+Companies+In+Rivers+State&rft.date=2018-02-08&rft.aulast=Nigeria&rft.aufirst=Media&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medianigeria.com%2Flist-of-media-companies-in-rivers-state%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-takooka.com-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-takooka.com_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-takooka.com_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://takooka.com/tv-stations-in-rivers-state.php">"Takooka - TV Stations in Rivers State"</a>. <i>takooka.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=takooka.com&rft.atitle=Takooka+-+TV+Stations+in+Rivers+State&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftakooka.com%2Ftv-stations-in-rivers-state.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Believeall-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Believeall_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Believeall_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBelieveall2022" class="citation web cs1">Believeall (21 February 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ibelieveall.com/22-radio-stations-in-rivers-state-and-their-frequencies/">"22 radio stations in Rivers State and their frequencies"</a>. <i>iBelieveAll Blog</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=iBelieveAll+Blog&rft.atitle=22+radio+stations+in+Rivers+State+and+their+frequencies&rft.date=2022-02-21&rft.au=Believeall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fibelieveall.com%2F22-radio-stations-in-rivers-state-and-their-frequencies%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-self-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-self_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rivcasonline.com/index.asp">"Rivers State College of Arts and Science"</a>. Rivers State College of Arts and Science<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rivers+State+College+of+Arts+and+Science&rft.pub=Rivers+State+College+of+Arts+and+Science&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rivcasonline.com%2Findex.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniport.edu.ng">"University of Port Harcourt"</a>. <i>University Port Harcourt Student Rivers</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+Port+Harcourt+Student+Rivers&rft.atitle=University+of+Port+Harcourt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uniport.edu.ng&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/wards-in-state/33/rivers-state">"Wards in Rivers State"</a>. <i>www.manpower.com.ng</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.manpower.com.ng&rft.atitle=Wards+in+Rivers+State&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.manpower.com.ng%2Fplaces%2Fwards-in-state%2F33%2Frivers-state&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlaitan" class="citation web cs1">Olaitan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eduweb.com.ng/rivers-state-lga-wards-and-new-polling-unit/">"RIVERS STATE LGA Wards and New polling unit - eduweb"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RIVERS+STATE+LGA+Wards+and+New+polling+unit+-+eduweb&rft.au=Olaitan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eduweb.com.ng%2Frivers-state-lga-wards-and-new-polling-unit%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFE._D._W._Opu-Ogulaya1973" class="citation book cs1">E. D. W. Opu-Ogulaya (January 1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/History-creation-Rivers-State-Nigeria/dp/B0006CM1NQ"><i>History of the Creation of the Rivers State of Nigeria: Primer One</i></a>. Rivers State, Nigeria: Government Printer.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Creation+of+the+Rivers+State+of+Nigeria%3A+Primer+One&rft.place=Rivers+State%2C+Nigeria&rft.pub=Government+Printer&rft.date=1973-01&rft.au=E.+D.+W.+Opu-Ogulaya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2FHistory-creation-Rivers-State-Nigeria%2Fdp%2FB0006CM1NQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMitee2010" class="citation book cs1">Mitee, Leesi Ebenezer (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cdgp_pmP00gC"><i>Laws of Rivers State of Nigeria: an encyclopaedic guide</i></a>. Luton: Worldwide Business Resources. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0956198815" title="Special:BookSources/978-0956198815"><bdi>978-0956198815</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Laws+of+Rivers+State+of+Nigeria%3A+an+encyclopaedic+guide&rft.place=Luton&rft.pub=Worldwide+Business+Resources&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0956198815&rft.aulast=Mitee&rft.aufirst=Leesi+Ebenezer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dcdgp_pmP00gC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span>(Full text via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJones2000" class="citation book cs1">Jones, G.I. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pIR-mgBiJ-gC"><i>The trading states of the oil rivers: a study of political development in eastern Nigeria</i></a>. Oxford: James Currey. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0852559186" title="Special:BookSources/0852559186"><bdi>0852559186</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+trading+states+of+the+oil+rivers%3A+a+study+of+political+development+in+eastern+Nigeria&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=James+Currey&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0852559186&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=G.I.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpIR-mgBiJ-gC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span>(Full text via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlagoa2002" class="citation book cs1">Alagoa, Ebiegberi Joe (2002). <i>The land and people of Rivers State : eastern Niger Delta</i>. Nembe: Onyoma Research Publ. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783507559" title="Special:BookSources/9783507559"><bdi>9783507559</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+land+and+people+of+Rivers+State+%3A+eastern+Niger+Delta&rft.place=Nembe&rft.pub=Onyoma+Research+Publ.&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9783507559&rft.aulast=Alagoa&rft.aufirst=Ebiegberi+Joe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIsirimahA._MonsiP._D._S._Kinako" class="citation book cs1">Isirimah, N. O.; A. Monsi; P. D. S. Kinako. <i>Strategy for agricultural development in Nigeria: focus on Rivers State</i>. Belk Publishers.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Strategy+for+agricultural+development+in+Nigeria%3A+focus+on+Rivers+State&rft.pub=Belk+Publishers&rft.aulast=Isirimah&rft.aufirst=N.+O.&rft.au=A.+Monsi&rft.au=P.+D.+S.+Kinako&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlagoaTamuno1980" class="citation book cs1">Alagoa, E.J.; Tamuno, T.N., eds. (1980). <i>Eminent Nigerians of the Rivers State</i>. Enugu, Nigeria: Heinemann Educational Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978129955X" title="Special:BookSources/978129955X"><bdi>978129955X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eminent+Nigerians+of+the+Rivers+State&rft.place=Enugu%2C+Nigeria&rft.pub=Heinemann+Educational+Books&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=978129955X&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNduka1993" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Otonti_Amadi_Nduka" title="Otonti Amadi Nduka">Nduka, Otonti A</a> (1993). <i>Studies in Ikwerre history and culture</i>. Port Harcourt: Kraft Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782081302" title="Special:BookSources/9782081302"><bdi>9782081302</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studies+in+Ikwerre+history+and+culture&rft.place=Port+Harcourt&rft.pub=Kraft+Books&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=9782081302&rft.aulast=Nduka&rft.aufirst=Otonti+A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharles_Ogan" class="citation book cs1">Charles Ogan. <i>Unity of a People : Search for Peace in Okrika, River State, Nigeria</i>. Port Harcourt.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Unity+of+a+People+%3A+Search+for+Peace+in+Okrika%2C+River+State%2C+Nigeria&rft.place=Port+Harcourt&rft.au=Charles+Ogan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlagoaTamuno1989" class="citation book cs1">Alagoa, E.J.; Tamuno, Tekena N., eds. (December 1989). <i>Land and people of Nigeria : Rivers State</i>. Port Harcourt, Nigeria: Riverside Communications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783033328" title="Special:BookSources/9783033328"><bdi>9783033328</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Land+and+people+of+Nigeria+%3A+Rivers+State&rft.place=Port+Harcourt%2C+Nigeria&rft.pub=Riverside+Communications&rft.date=1989-12&rft.isbn=9783033328&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSika2005" class="citation book cs1">Sika, Baridorn (2005). <i>History of radio broadcasting in Rivers State</i>. Port Harcourt, Nigeria: DOKUS Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782631612" title="Special:BookSources/9782631612"><bdi>9782631612</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+radio+broadcasting+in+Rivers+State&rft.place=Port+Harcourt%2C+Nigeria&rft.pub=DOKUS+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9782631612&rft.aulast=Sika&rft.aufirst=Baridorn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARivers+State" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_State&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 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sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Rivers State</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, 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title="c:Category:Rivers State">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Rivers_State" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/Rivers State">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" 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class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Rivers State">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Rivers_State" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Rivers State">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Rivers_State" class="extiw" title="voy:Rivers State">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.riversstate.gov.ng/">Rivers State government website</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></span></span> Geographic data related to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/3720743">Rivers State</a> at <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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"}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rivers_State" title="Template:Rivers State"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rivers_State" title="Template talk:Rivers State"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rivers_State" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rivers State"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rivers_State" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rivers State</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Capital: <b><a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt" title="Port Harcourt">Port Harcourt</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Rivers_State" title="Agriculture in Rivers State">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Rivers_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliography of Rivers State">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Rivers_State" title="Crime in Rivers State">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Culture_in_Rivers_State" title="Category:Culture in Rivers State">Culture</a> (<a href="/wiki/Music_of_Port_Harcourt" title="Music of Port Harcourt">Music</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_National_Assembly_delegation_from_Rivers" title="Nigerian National Assembly delegation from Rivers">Delegations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Governor_of_Rivers_State" title="Deputy Governor of Rivers State">Deputy Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Economy_of_Rivers_State" title="Category:Economy of Rivers State">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Education_in_Rivers_State" title="Category:Education in Rivers State">Education</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Rivers_State" title="List of schools in Rivers State">Schools</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Council_of_Rivers_State" title="Executive Council of Rivers State">Executive Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivers_State_Fire_Service" title="Rivers State Fire Service">Fire Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Geography_of_Rivers_State" title="Category:Geography of Rivers State">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Rivers_State" title="Government of Rivers State">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Rivers_State" title="Governor of Rivers State">Governor</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Rivers_State" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Rivers State">List</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Health_in_Rivers_State" title="Category:Health in Rivers State">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivers_State_High_Court_of_Justice" title="Rivers State High Court of Justice">High Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Rivers_State" title="Category:History of Rivers State">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Rivers_State" title="List of people from Rivers State">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivers_State_Police_Command" title="Rivers State Police Command">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Rivers_State" title="Politics of Rivers State">Politics</a> (<a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Rivers_State" title="Elections in Rivers State">Elections</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Communities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abua" title="Abua">Abua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asarama" title="Asarama">Asarama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bane,_Rivers_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Bane, Rivers State">Bane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chokocho" title="Chokocho">Chokocho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kono,_Rivers" title="Kono, Rivers">Kono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okobie" title="Okobie">Okobie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onikwu" title="Onikwu">Onikwu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umuakuru-Igbo" title="Umuakuru-Igbo">Umuakuru-Igbo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Rivers_State" title="List of cities and towns in Rivers State">Cities and towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abalama" title="Abalama">Abalama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abonnema" title="Abonnema">Abonnema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahoada" title="Ahoada">Ahoada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ataba,_Rivers_State" title="Ataba, Rivers State">Ataba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonny,_Nigeria" title="Bonny, Nigeria">Bonny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodo,_Nigeria" title="Bodo, Nigeria">Bodo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bori_City" title="Bori City">Bori City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buguma" title="Buguma">Buguma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elele" title="Elele">Elele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emohua_Town" title="Emohua Town">Emohua</a></li> <li>Igrita</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igwuruta" title="Igwuruta">Igwuruta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nkoroo" title="Nkoroo">Nkoroo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odiabidi" title="Odiabidi">Odiabidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okrika" title="Okrika">Okrika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omoku" title="Omoku">Omoku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onne" title="Onne">Onne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opobo" title="Opobo">Opobo</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt" title="Port Harcourt">Port Harcourt</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumuokoro" title="Rumuokoro">Rumuokoro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">LGA(s)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abua%E2%80%93Odual" title="Abua–Odual">Abua–Odual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahoada_East" title="Ahoada East">Ahoada East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahoada_West" title="Ahoada West">Ahoada West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akuku-Toru" title="Akuku-Toru">Akuku-Toru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andoni" title="Andoni">Andoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asari-Toru" title="Asari-Toru">Asari-Toru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonny,_Nigeria" title="Bonny, Nigeria">Bonny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Degema,_Rivers" class="mw-redirect" title="Degema, Rivers">Degema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleme,_Rivers_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Eleme, Rivers State">Eleme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emohua" title="Emohua">Emohua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etche" title="Etche">Etche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gokana,_Rivers_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Gokana, Rivers State">Gokana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikwerre,_Rivers_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Ikwerre, Rivers State">Ikwerre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khana,_Rivers_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Khana, Rivers State">Khana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obio-Akpor" title="Obio-Akpor">Obio-Akpor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogba%E2%80%93Egbema%E2%80%93Ndoni" title="Ogba–Egbema–Ndoni">Ogba–Egbema–Ndoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogu%E2%80%93Bolo" title="Ogu–Bolo">Ogu–Bolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okrika" title="Okrika">Okrika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omuma" class="mw-redirect" title="Omuma">Omuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opobo%E2%80%93Nkoro" title="Opobo–Nkoro">Opobo–Nkoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyigbo" title="Oyigbo">Oyigbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt_(local_government_area)" title="Port Harcourt (local government area)">Port Harcourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tai,_Rivers" title="Tai, Rivers">Tai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Port_Harcourt" title="Greater Port Harcourt">Greater Port Harcourt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Rivers_State" title="Outline of Rivers State">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Rivers_State-related_articles" class="mw-redirect" title="Index of Rivers State-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WikiProject"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Rivers_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Rivers State">WikiProject</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="States_of_Nigeria" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:States_of_Nigeria" title="Template:States of Nigeria"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:States_of_Nigeria" title="Template talk:States of Nigeria"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:States_of_Nigeria" title="Special:EditPage/Template:States of Nigeria"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="States_of_Nigeria" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/States_of_Nigeria" title="States of Nigeria">States of Nigeria</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Federal_Capital_Territory_(Nigeria)" title="Federal Capital Territory (Nigeria)">Federal Capital Territory</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abia_State" title="Abia State">Abia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adamawa_State" title="Adamawa State">Adamawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akwa_Ibom_State" title="Akwa Ibom State">Akwa Ibom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anambra_State" title="Anambra State">Anambra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauchi_State" title="Bauchi State">Bauchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayelsa_State" title="Bayelsa State">Bayelsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benue_State" title="Benue State">Benue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borno_State" title="Borno State">Borno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_River_State" title="Cross River State">Cross River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_State" title="Delta State">Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebonyi_State" title="Ebonyi State">Ebonyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edo_State" title="Edo State">Edo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekiti_State" title="Ekiti State">Ekiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enugu_State" title="Enugu State">Enugu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gombe_State" title="Gombe State">Gombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imo_State" title="Imo State">Imo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jigawa_State" title="Jigawa State">Jigawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaduna_State" title="Kaduna State">Kaduna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kano_State" title="Kano State">Kano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katsina_State" title="Katsina State">Katsina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kebbi_State" title="Kebbi State">Kebbi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kogi_State" title="Kogi State">Kogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwara_State" title="Kwara State">Kwara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lagos_State" title="Lagos State">Lagos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasarawa_State" title="Nasarawa State">Nasarawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niger_State" title="Niger State">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogun_State" title="Ogun State">Ogun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ondo_State" title="Ondo State">Ondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osun_State" title="Osun State">Osun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyo_State" title="Oyo State">Oyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plateau_State" title="Plateau State">Plateau</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sokoto_State" title="Sokoto State">Sokoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taraba_State" title="Taraba State">Taraba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yobe_State" title="Yobe State">Yobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamfara_State" title="Zamfara State">Zamfara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/32px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/48px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/64px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Nigeria" title="Portal:Nigeria">Nigeria portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503923#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503923#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503923#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/137202875">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/235721-5">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80049671">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb122331441">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb122331441">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007548069505171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/053658bc-9ef4-458e-8ba8-26120a35650c">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1056149">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1130092004"><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portal</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/21px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/32px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/42px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Nigeria" title="Portal:Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li></ul></div>    </div><noscript><img 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