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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Les_sciences_de_l'islam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Les sciences de l'islam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Les_sciences_de_l'islam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Exemple_de_Ijaza_en_Fiqh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exemple_de_Ijaza_en_Fiqh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Exemple de Ijaza en Fiqh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exemple_de_Ijaza_en_Fiqh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lien_externe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lien_externe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Lien externe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lien_externe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ijaza</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 18 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A9" title="إجازة – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إجازة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0caz%C9%99t" title="İcazət – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İcazət" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B6%D3%99%D0%B7%D3%99" title="Ижәзә – bachkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ижәзә" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bachkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9_(%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A6)" title="ইজাযাহ (সনদ) – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইজাযাহ (সনদ)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Id%C5%BEaza" title="Idžaza – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Idžaza" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idsch%C4%81za" title="Idschāza – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Idschāza" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijazah" title="Ijazah – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ijazah" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%87_(%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87)" title="اجازه (فقه) – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اجازه (فقه)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE" title="इजाज़ा – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इजाज़ा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijazah" title="Ijazah – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ijazah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B6" title="イジャーザ – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イジャーザ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijazah" title="Ijazah – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ijazah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%81" title="اجازہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اجازہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Иджаза – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Иджаза" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixhazeti" title="Ixhazeti – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ixhazeti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0cazet" title="İcazet – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İcazet" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%81" title="اجازہ – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اجازہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%99%E7%B5%B1" title="教統 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="教統" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3048139#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ijaza" title="Voir le contenu de la page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussion:Ijaza" rel="discussion" title="Discussion au sujet de cette page de contenu [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Modifier la variante de langue" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">français</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Affichages"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ijaza"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijaza&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijaza&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijaza&action=history" title="Historique des versions de cette page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Outils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ijaza"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijaza&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijaza&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijaza&action=history"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Général </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_li%C3%A9es/Ijaza" title="Liste des pages liées qui pointent sur celle-ci [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Suivi_des_liens/Ijaza" rel="nofollow" title="Liste des modifications récentes des pages appelées par celle-ci [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Suivi des pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Importer_un_fichier" title="Téléverser des fichiers [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Téléverser un fichier</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_sp%C3%A9ciales" title="Liste de toutes les pages spéciales [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pages spéciales</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijaza&oldid=203663400" title="Adresse permanente de cette version de cette page"><span>Lien permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijaza&action=info" title="Davantage d’informations sur cette page"><span>Informations sur la page</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer&page=Ijaza&id=203663400&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informations sur la manière de citer cette page"><span>Citer cette page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIjaza"><span>Obtenir l'URL raccourcie</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIjaza"><span>Télécharger le code QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimer / exporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Livre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Ijaza"><span>Créer un livre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Ijaza&action=show-download-screen"><span>Télécharger comme PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijaza&printable=yes" title="Version imprimable de cette page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimable</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dans d’autres projets </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ijaza" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3048139" title="Lien vers l’élément dans le dépôt de données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata bandeau-article bandeau-niveau-modere"><figure class="mw-halign-right noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Sources_%C3%A0_lier" title="Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus."><img alt="Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus.</figcaption></figure><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/45px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/68px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/90px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p><strong class="bandeau-titre">Certaines informations figurant dans cet article ou cette section devraient être mieux reliées aux sources mentionnées dans les sections « Bibliographie », « Sources » ou « Liens externes »</strong> <small>(<time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-06" data-sort-value="2020-06">juin 2020</time>).</small> </p><p>Vous pouvez améliorer la <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:V%C3%A9rifiabilit%C3%A9" title="Wikipédia:Vérifiabilité">vérifiabilité</a> en <a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Sources_%C3%A0_lier/Explication" title="Modèle:Sources à lier/Explication">associant ces informations à des références</a> à l'aide d'<a href="/wiki/Aide:Note" title="Aide:Note">appels de notes</a>. </p> </div></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Ijazah_(Arabic_calligraphy_diplom).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Ijazah_%28Arabic_calligraphy_diplom%29.jpg/230px-Ijazah_%28Arabic_calligraphy_diplom%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Ijazah_%28Arabic_calligraphy_diplom%29.jpg/345px-Ijazah_%28Arabic_calligraphy_diplom%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Ijazah_%28Arabic_calligraphy_diplom%29.jpg/460px-Ijazah_%28Arabic_calligraphy_diplom%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1372" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>L'<b>ijaza</b> (en <a href="/wiki/Arabe" title="Arabe">arabe</a>: <span class="lang-ar" lang="ar" dir="rtl">إجازة</span>, pl. ijazat) est une autorisation ou permission d'enseigner les sciences de l'<a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islam</a>. Chaque savant dans chacun des trois niveaux de la religion (Islam / <a href="/wiki/Jurisprudence_islamique" title="Jurisprudence islamique">Fiqh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iman" class="mw-disambig" title="Iman">Iman</a> / <a href="/wiki/%27Aq%C3%AEda" class="mw-redirect" title="'Aqîda">Aqida</a>) doit posséder une ijaza d'enseigner que lui a délivrée un maître qui possède également une ijaza d'un autre alim (savant) et ainsi de suite jusqu'aux <a href="/wiki/Sahaba" title="Sahaba">Sahaba</a> (compagnons de Mahomet), puis à Mahomet. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Présentation"><span id="Pr.C3.A9sentation"></span>Présentation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijaza&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Présentation" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijaza&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Présentation"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cette ijaza est le lien qui relie le savant à la chaîne du savoir et des connaissances remontant jusqu'à Mahomet qui tient son Ijaza de Dieu par l'intermédiaire de l'<a href="/wiki/Ange_Gabriel" class="mw-redirect" title="Ange Gabriel">ange Gabriel</a> comme le mentionne le <a href="/wiki/Coran" title="Coran">Coran</a> (Sourate 3 verset 103). Par exemple, un savant du fiqh doit avoir une ijaza d'un savant qui lui-même a une ijaza d'un autre savant et ainsi de suite jusqu'au prophète de l'islam <a href="/wiki/Mahomet" title="Mahomet">Mahomet</a>. </p><p>Les savants <a href="/wiki/Sunnisme" title="Sunnisme">sunnites</a> enseignant les différentes sciences de la religion ont toujours possédé une ijaza. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Les_sciences_de_l'islam"><span id="Les_sciences_de_l.27islam"></span>Les sciences de l'islam</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijaza&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Les sciences de l'islam" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijaza&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Les sciences de l'islam"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les sciences de l'islam sont nombreuses, on retrouve notamment : </p> <ul><li>'Ilm an-Nahwu – Science de la Grammaire ;</li> <li>'Ilm al-'Ajaaz – Science des miracles ;</li> <li>'Ilm ul-Kalam – Science de la Philosophie de l'Islam ;</li> <li>'Ilm at-Tawhid – Science de l'unicité ;</li> <li>'Ilm al-'Aqida – Science de la Doctrine musulmane ;</li> <li>'Ilm al-Qur'an – Science du Coran ;</li> <li>'Ilm al-Fiqh – Science de la Jurisprudence ;</li> <li>'Ilm al-Hadith – Science des Narrations Prophétiques ;</li> <li>'Ilm as-Sirah – Science de la vie du Prophète Mahomet ;</li> <li>'Ilm as-Sarf – Science de la Conjugaison ;</li> <li>'Ilm al-Bayan – Science de la Rhétorique ;</li> <li>'Ilm at-Tafsir – Science de l'interprétation du Coran ;</li> <li>'Ilm al-Tajweed – Science de la récitation mélodieuse du Coran ;</li> <li>'Ilm at-Tarteel – Science de la Récitation claire du Coran ;</li> <li>'Ilm ul-Mirath – Science des Testaments et d'autres sciences ('Ulum) ;</li> <li>'Ilm ul-Balagha — Science de l'éloquence ;</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exemple_de_Ijaza_en_Fiqh">Exemple de Ijaza en Fiqh</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijaza&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Exemple de Ijaza en Fiqh" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijaza&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Exemple de Ijaza en Fiqh"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les ijaza en fiqh doivent remonter jusqu'à l'un des 4 imams dont la chaîne de savoir jusqu'aux compagnons et à Mahomet est connue. </p> <div class="NavFrame" style="clear:both; margin-bottom:1em; border-style:solid; background-color:var(--background-color-base, #fff);" title="[afficher]/[masquer]"> <div class="NavHead" style="text-align:center; min-height:1.6em; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000);">Exemples</div> <div class="NavContent" style="margin:0; color:var(--color-base, #202122); display:block; text-align:left;"> <p>l'Ijaza en fiqh du savant Muhammad Zahid ibn Hasan al-Kawthari al-Hanafi al-Ash`ari (1296-1371) : </p><p>Imam al-Kawthari (d. 1371) a appris son fiqh de son père et aussi du (d. 1345) et de Shaykh Zayn al-'Abidin al-Alsuni (d. 1336). </p><p>Le père de Al-Kawthari a appris son fiqh du maitre de hadith Ahmad Dya' al-Din al-Kamushkhanawi (d. 1311) qui a pris son fiqh de Sayyid Ahmad al-Arwadi (d. 1275) qui a pris son fiqh du maitre de hadith Muhammad Amin, Ibn `Abidin (d. 1252). </p><p>Le maitre en hadith Ibrahim Haqqi et le Shaykh Zayn al-'Abidin al- Alsuni ont pris leur fiqh du maitre de hadith <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Muhammad_Shakir" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmad Muhammad Shakir">Ahmad Shakir</a> (mort en 1958) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh du Maitre de hadith Muhammad Ghalib (d. 1286) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de Sulayman ibn al-Hasan al-Kraydi (d. 1268) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de Ibrahim al-Akhiskhawi (d. 1232) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de Muhammad Munib al-'Aynatabi (d. 1238) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de Isma'il ibn Muhammad al-Qunawi (d. 1195) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de `Abd al-Karim al-Qunawi al-Amidi (d.1150) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de Muhammad al-Yamani al-Azhari (d. 1135) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de `Abd al-Hayy al-Shurunbulali </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de Abu al-Ikhlas al-Hasan al-Shurunbulali (d. 1069) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de `Abd Allah ibn Muhammad al-Nuhrayri </p><p>et de Shams al-Din Muhammad al-Muhibbi al-Qahiri (d. 1041) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de Ali al-Maqdisi (d. 1004) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de Ahmad ibn Yunus al-Shalabi (d. 948) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de `Abd al-Barr ibn al-Shahna (d. 921) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de l'Imam al-Kamal ibn al-Humam (d. 861) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de Siraj al-Din `Umar ibn `Ali Qari' al-Hidaya (d. 829) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de </p><p>1) `Ala's al-Din al-Sirami (d. 790) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de Jalal al-Din al-Karlani </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de `Abd al-'Aziz al-Bukhari (d. 730) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de Hafiz al-Din Imam `Abd Allah ibn Ahmad al-Nasafi (d.701) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de Imams Muhammad ibn `Abd al-Sattar al-Kardari </p><p>2) Akmal al-Din Muhammad al-Babarti (d. 796) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de Qawwam al-Din Muhammad al-Kaki (d. 749) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de al-Husayn al-Saghnaqi (d. 711) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de Hafiz al-Din al-Kabir Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Nasr al-Bukhari (d. 693) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de Muhammad ibn `Abd al-Sattar al-Kardari (d. 642) </p><p>Ensuite, Al-Kardari a pris son fiqh de l'Imam `Ali ibn Abi Bakr al-Marghinani (d. 593) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de al-Najm Abu Hafs `Umar al-Nasafi (d. 537) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh des frères Pazdawi Fakhr al-Islam (d. 482) and Sadr al-Islam (d. 493), le premier a pris son fiqh al-Sarkhasi (d. 483) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de shaykh al-Halwa'i (d. 448) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de al-Husayn ibn Khidr al-Nasafi (d. 423) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de Muhammad ibn al-Fadl al-Bukhari (d. 381) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de `Abd Allah ibn Muhammad al-Harithi (d. 340) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Hafs (d. 264) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de Abu Hafs al-Kabir (d. 217) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de l'Imam Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Shaybani (d. 189) le compagnon de L'Imam Abu Hanifa </p><p>tandis que Sadr al-Islam qui a pris son fiqh de Isma'il ibn `Abd al-Sadiq </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de `Abd al-Karim al-Pazdawi (d. 390) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de Abu Mansur al-Maturidi (d. 333) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de Abu Bakr al-Jawjazani </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moussa_ibn_Sulayman_al-Jawjazani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moussa ibn Sulayman al-Jawjazani (page inexistante)">Moussa ibn Sulayman al-Jawjazani</a> <a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%89_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A" class="extiw" title="ar:موسى بن سليمان الجوزجاني"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en arabe : « موسى بن سليمان الجوزجاني »">(ar)</span></a>. </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de l'Imam <a href="/wiki/Mouhammad_Al-Shayb%C3%A2n%C3%AE" title="Mouhammad Al-Shaybânî">Mouhammad Al-Shaybânî</a> (131 AH – 189 AH). </p><p>Al-Shaybani qui a pris son fiqh du fondateur de madhhab <a href="/wiki/Hanafisme" title="Hanafisme">hanafite</a>, l'Imam <a href="/wiki/Ab%C3%BB_Han%C3%AEfa" title="Abû Hanîfa">Abou Hanifa</a> (80 AH – 150 AH) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de <a href="/wiki/Hammad_ibn_Abi_Sulayman" title="Hammad ibn Abi Sulayman">Hammad ibn Abi Sulayman</a> (mort en 120 AH) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh d'<a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_al-Nakhai" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibrahim al-Nakhai">Ibrahim an-Nakha'i</a> (47 AH – 96 AH) </p><p>qui a pris son fiqh de <a href="/wiki/Alqamah_ibn_Qays_an-Nakha%27i" title="Alqamah ibn Qays an-Nakha'i">Alqamah ibn Qays</a> (mort en 62 AH), ainsi que d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Aswad_ibn_Yazid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Aswad ibn Yazid (page inexistante)">Al-Aswad ibn Yazid</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Aswad_ibn_Yazid" class="extiw" title="en:Al-Aswad ibn Yazid"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais : « Al-Aswad ibn Yazid »">(en)</span></a> (mort en 75 AH) et d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ab%C3%BB_%27Abd_ar-Rahm%C3%A2n_as-Sulam%C3%AE_(r%C3%A9citateur)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abû 'Abd ar-Rahmân as-Sulamî (récitateur) (page inexistante)">Abou Abd ar-Rahman as-Soulami</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%88_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A_(%D9%85%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A6)" class="extiw" title="en:أبو عبد الرحمن السلمي (مقرئ)"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais : « أبو عبد الرحمن السلمي (مقرئ) »">(en)</span></a> (mort en 75 AH) </p><p>Alqama et al-Aswad ont pris leur fiqh d'<a href="/wiki/Abdullah_ibn_Masud" title="Abdullah ibn Masud">Abdullah ibn Masud</a> (mort en 32 AH) et as-Soulami d'<a href="/wiki/Ali_ibn_Abi_Talib" title="Ali ibn Abi Talib">Ali ibn Abi Talib</a> (mort en 40 AH). </p><p>Ibn Masud et Ali ont pris leurs connaissances auprès de Mahomet<b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</b> </p> </div> <div class="NavEnd"> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijaza&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Sources" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijaza&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Sources"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Encyclopedia of Islamic Doctrine (7 vols. 1998); *<a href="/wiki/Cheikh_Hisham_Kabbani" class="mw-redirect" title="Cheikh Hisham Kabbani">Cheikh Hisham Kabbani</a></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lien_externe">Lien externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijaza&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Lien externe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijaza&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Lien externe"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.naqshbandi.ca/fr/topics/qualific.shtml">Les qualifications d'un cheikh soufi</a></li></ul> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Islam" title="Portail de l’islam"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Star_and_Crescent.svg/28px-Star_and_Crescent.svg.png" decoding="async" 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