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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beginnings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Beginnings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beginnings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transpacific_network_development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transpacific_network_development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Transpacific network development</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transpacific_network_development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Northwest_Orient_Airlines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Northwest_Orient_Airlines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Northwest Orient Airlines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Northwest_Orient_Airlines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transatlantic_and_domestic_expansion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transatlantic_and_domestic_expansion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Transatlantic and domestic expansion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transatlantic_and_domestic_expansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bankruptcy_filing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bankruptcy_filing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Bankruptcy filing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bankruptcy_filing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Merger_with_Delta_Air_Lines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Merger_with_Delta_Air_Lines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Merger with Delta Air Lines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Merger_with_Delta_Air_Lines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-NWA_Cargo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#NWA_Cargo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>NWA Cargo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-NWA_Cargo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Corporate_affairs_and_identity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corporate_affairs_and_identity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Corporate affairs and identity</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Corporate_affairs_and_identity-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Corporate affairs and identity subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Corporate_affairs_and_identity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Headquarters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Headquarters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Headquarters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Headquarters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Labor_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Labor_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Labor relations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Labor_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Destinations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Destinations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Destinations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Destinations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Destinations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Destinations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Codeshare_agreements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Codeshare_agreements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Codeshare agreements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Codeshare_agreements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fleet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fleet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Fleet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fleet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cabin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cabin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Cabin</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cabin-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Cabin subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Cabin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-World_Business_Class" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_Business_Class"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>World Business Class</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_Business_Class-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Domestic_First_Class" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Domestic_First_Class"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Domestic First Class</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Domestic_First_Class-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_Economy_Class" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_Economy_Class"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>International Economy Class</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_Economy_Class-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Domestic_Economy_Class" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Domestic_Economy_Class"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Domestic Economy Class</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Domestic_Economy_Class-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-WorldPerks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WorldPerks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>WorldPerks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WorldPerks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-WorldClubs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WorldClubs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>WorldClubs</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-WorldClubs-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle WorldClubs subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-WorldClubs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Locations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Locations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Locations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Locations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Incidents_and_accidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Incidents_and_accidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Incidents and accidents</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Incidents_and_accidents-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Incidents and accidents subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Incidents_and_accidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fatal_accidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fatal_accidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Fatal accidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fatal_accidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-fatal_accidents_and_incidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-fatal_accidents_and_incidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Non-fatal accidents and incidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-fatal_accidents_and_incidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Northwest Airlines</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 38 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B7_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AB_%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="خطوط نورث ويست الجوية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خطوط نورث ويست الجوية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B2" title="نورت‌وست ایرلاینز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نورت‌وست ایرلاینز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EC%8A%A4%EC%9B%A8%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8_%ED%95%AD%EA%B3%B5" title="노스웨스트 항공 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="노스웨스트 항공" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8" title="नॉर्थवेस्ट एयरलाइंस कार्पोरेशन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="नॉर्थवेस्ट एयरलाइंस कार्पोरेशन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%AA%27%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%98_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A1" title="נורת'ווסט איירליינס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נורת'ווסט איירליינס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="नॉर्थवेस्ट एरलाइन्स – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="नॉर्थवेस्ट एरलाइन्स" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B7_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AB_%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%87" title="خطوط نورث ويست الجويه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="خطوط نورث ويست الجويه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A8%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="ノースウエスト航空 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ノースウエスト航空" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%8C" title="นอร์ทเวสต์แอร์ไลน์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นอร์ทเวสต์แอร์ไลน์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Northwest Airlines" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%8C%97%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="西北航空 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="西北航空" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%8C%97%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="西北航空 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="西北航空" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%8C%97%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="西北航空 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="西北航空" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q309174#sitelinks-wikipedia" 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Defunct airline of the United States (1926–2010)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/China_Northwest_Airlines" title="China Northwest Airlines">China Northwest Airlines</a> or <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Air" title="Northwestern Air">Northwestern Air</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 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.mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Northwest Airlines Corp.</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Northwest_Airlines_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Northwest_Airlines_Logo.svg/220px-Northwest_Airlines_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Northwest_Airlines_Logo.svg/330px-Northwest_Airlines_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Northwest_Airlines_Logo.svg/440px-Northwest_Airlines_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="106" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table class="infobox-airline-codes"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" style="padding-top: 0.5em; border-right: 1px solid white; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Airline_codes#IATA_airline_designator" title="Airline codes">IATA</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="padding-top: 0.5em; border-right: 1px solid white; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Airline_codes#ICAO_airline_designator" title="Airline codes">ICAO</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="padding-top: 0.5em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Aviation_call_signs#Commercial_airline" title="Aviation call signs">Call sign</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td class="nickname" style="padding-bottom: 0.5em; border-right: 1px solid white; text-align: center;">NW </td> <td class="nickname" style="padding-bottom: 0.5em; border-right: 1px solid white; text-align: center;">NWA </td> <td class="nickname" style="padding-bottom: 0.5em; text-align: center;">NORTHWEST </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">September 1, 1926<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1926-09-01</span>)</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(as <i>Northwest Airways</i>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Commenced operations</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>October 1, 1926<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1926-10-01</span>)</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(as <i>Northwest Airways</i>)</span></li><li>April 16, 1934<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1934-04-16</span>)</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(as <i>Northwest Airlines</i>)</span></li><li>July 15, 1947<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1947-07-15</span>)</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(as <i>Northwest Orient Airlines</i>)</span></li><li>October 1, 1986<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1986-10-01</span>)</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(as <i>Northwest Airlines</i>)</span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ceased operations</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>April 16, 1934<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1934-04-16</span>)</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(as <i>Northwest Airways</i>)</span></li><li>July 15, 1947<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1947-07-15</span>)</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(as <i>Northwest Airlines</i>)</span></li><li>October 1, 1986<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1986-10-01</span>)</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(as <i>Northwest Orient Airlines</i>)</span></li><li>January 31, 2010<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">2010-01-31</span>)</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(merged into <a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a>)</span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Airline_hub" title="Airline hub">Hubs</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amsterdam_Airport_Schiphol" title="Amsterdam Airport Schiphol">Amsterdam</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1993–2010)</span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Metropolitan_Wayne_County_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport">Detroit</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1986–2010)</span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Memphis_International_Airport" title="Memphis International Airport">Memphis</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1986–2010)</span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis%E2%80%93Saint_Paul_International_Airport" title="Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport">Minneapolis/St. Paul</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1926–2010)</span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Haneda_Airport" title="Haneda Airport">Tokyo–Haneda</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1947–1978)</span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Narita_International_Airport" title="Narita International Airport">Tokyo–Narita</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1978–2010)</span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Airline_hub#Focus_city" title="Airline hub">Focus cities</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_International_Airport" title="Indianapolis International Airport">Indianapolis</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Frequent-flyer_program" title="Frequent-flyer program">Frequent-flyer program</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul><li>Free Flight Plan <span style="font-size:85%;">(1981–1986)</span></li><li>WorldPerks <span style="font-size:85%;">(1986–2009)</span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Airline_alliance" title="Airline alliance">Alliance</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/SkyTeam" title="SkyTeam">SkyTeam</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2004–2010)</span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Wings_Alliance" title="Wings Alliance">Wings Alliance</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlink" title="Northwest Airlink">Northwest Airlink</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1984–2010)</span></li><li>Northwest Jet Airlink <span style="font-size:85%;">(1997–2003)</span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Holding_company#Parent_company" title="Holding company">Parent company</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2009–2010)</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label">2700 Lone Oak Parkway, <a href="/wiki/Eagan,_Minnesota" title="Eagan, Minnesota">Eagan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Key people</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_H._Anderson_(businessman)" title="Richard H. Anderson (businessman)">Richard Anderson</a></li><li>Doug Steenland</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data">www.nwa.com</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Northwest Airlines</b> (often abbreviated as <b>NWA</b>) was a major airline in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> that operated from 1926 until it <a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines%E2%80%93Northwest_Airlines_merger" title="Delta Air Lines–Northwest Airlines merger">merged</a> with <a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a> in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The merger made Delta the largest airline in the world until the <a href="/wiki/American_Airlines_Group#Merger_proposals_and_plans" title="American Airlines Group">American Airlines–US Airways merger</a> in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Northwest was headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Eagan,_Minnesota" title="Eagan, Minnesota">Eagan, Minnesota</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis%E2%80%93Saint_Paul_International_Airport" title="Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport">Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport</a>. After <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, it became dominant in the trans-Pacific market with a hub in <a href="/wiki/Tokyo,_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokyo, Japan">Tokyo, Japan</a> (initially <a href="/wiki/Haneda_Airport" title="Haneda Airport">Haneda Airport</a>, later <a href="/wiki/Narita_International_Airport" title="Narita International Airport">Narita International Airport</a>). In response to <a href="/wiki/United_Airlines" title="United Airlines">United Airlines</a>' 1985 acquisition of <a href="/wiki/Pan_Am" title="Pan Am">Pan Am</a>'s Pacific routes, Northwest paid $884 million to purchase <a href="/wiki/Republic_Airlines" title="Republic Airlines">Republic Airlines</a> and then established <a href="/wiki/Fortress_hub" class="mw-redirect" title="Fortress hub">fortress hubs</a> at <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Metropolitan_Wayne_County_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport">Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport</a> and <a href="/wiki/Memphis_International_Airport" title="Memphis International Airport">Memphis International Airport</a>. With this merger, NWA established the domestic network necessary to feed its well-established Pacific routes. Lacking a significant presence in Europe, in 1993 it began a strategic alliance with <a href="/wiki/KLM" title="KLM">KLM</a> and a jointly coordinated European hub at <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam_Airport_Schiphol" title="Amsterdam Airport Schiphol">Amsterdam Airport Schiphol</a>. </p><p>Before its merger with Delta, Northwest was the world's sixth-largest airline in domestic and international scheduled passenger miles flown and the US's sixth-largest airline in domestic passenger miles flown.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to operating one of the largest domestic route networks in the U.S., Northwest carried more passengers across the Pacific Ocean (5.1 million in 2004) than any other U.S. carrier, and carried more domestic air cargo than any other American passenger airline.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Regional and commuter airline flights for Northwest were operated under the name <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlink" title="Northwest Airlink">Northwest Airlink</a> by <a href="/wiki/Big_Sky_Airlines" title="Big Sky Airlines">Big Sky Airlines</a>, Eugene Aviation Services, <a href="/wiki/Express_Airlines_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Express Airlines I">Express Airlines I</a>/II, <a href="/wiki/Fischer_Brothers_Aviation" class="mw-redirect" title="Fischer Brothers Aviation">Fischer Brothers Aviation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mesaba_Airlines" title="Mesaba Airlines">Mesaba Airlines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northeast_Express_Regional_Airlines" title="Northeast Express Regional Airlines">Northeast Express Regional Airlines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Island_Aviation" title="Pacific Island Aviation">Pacific Island Aviation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pinnacle_Airlines" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinnacle Airlines">Pinnacle Airlines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Precision_Airlines" class="mw-redirect" title="Precision Airlines">Precision Airlines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Simmons_Airlines" title="Simmons Airlines">Simmons Airlines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Compass_Airlines_(North_America)" title="Compass Airlines (North America)">Compass Airlines</a> via respective <a href="/wiki/Code_sharing" class="mw-redirect" title="Code sharing">code sharing</a> agreements.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Northwest Airlines was also a minority owner of <a href="/wiki/Midwest_Airlines" title="Midwest Airlines">Midwest Airlines</a>, holding a 40% stake in the company.<sup id="cite_ref-phx.corporate-ir.net_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-phx.corporate-ir.net-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Beginnings">Beginnings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Beginnings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Northwest Airlines was founded on September 1, 1926, by Colonel Lewis Brittin, under the name <b>Northwest Airways</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-MSNBCHistorystuff_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MSNBCHistorystuff-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a reference to the historical name for the <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern United States</a> that derived from the <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Territory" title="Northwest Territory">Northwest Territory</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Like other early airlines, Northwest's focus was not in hauling passengers, but in flying mail for the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Postal_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Postal Service">U.S. Post Office Department</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The airline was originally based in <a href="/wiki/Detroit,_Michigan" class="mw-redirect" title="Detroit, Michigan">Detroit, Michigan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MSNBCHistorystuff_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MSNBCHistorystuff-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fledgling airline established a mail route between <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, using open-cockpit biplanes such as the <a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Oriole" title="Curtiss Oriole">Curtiss Oriole</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Waco_Aircraft_Company" title="Waco Aircraft Company">Waco JYM</a>. From 1928 the enclosed cabin six-passenger <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_H-45" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamilton H-45">Hamilton H-45</a> and H-47 were used. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NW_1920s_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/NW_1920s_logo.png/150px-NW_1920s_logo.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/NW_1920s_logo.png 1.5x" data-file-width="178" data-file-height="180" /></a><figcaption>1920s <a href="/wiki/Roundel" title="Roundel">roundel</a> logo</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Northwest_Airlines_Ticket.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Northwest_Airlines_Ticket.png/220px-Northwest_Airlines_Ticket.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Northwest_Airlines_Ticket.png/330px-Northwest_Airlines_Ticket.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Northwest_Airlines_Ticket.png/440px-Northwest_Airlines_Ticket.png 2x" data-file-width="3708" data-file-height="3868" /></a><figcaption>Northwest Airlines passenger ticket from 1951</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Waco_JYM_NC991H_N.W.Airlines_HARM_10.06.06R.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Waco_JYM_NC991H_N.W.Airlines_HARM_10.06.06R.jpg/150px-Waco_JYM_NC991H_N.W.Airlines_HARM_10.06.06R.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Waco_JYM_NC991H_N.W.Airlines_HARM_10.06.06R.jpg/225px-Waco_JYM_NC991H_N.W.Airlines_HARM_10.06.06R.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Waco_JYM_NC991H_N.W.Airlines_HARM_10.06.06R.jpg/300px-Waco_JYM_NC991H_N.W.Airlines_HARM_10.06.06R.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1728" data-file-height="992" /></a><figcaption>1929 Northwest Airways Waco JYM used on the Minneapolis-Chicago mail route</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hamilton_H-47_N879H_Oshkosh_27.07.10R_edited-3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Hamilton_H-47_N879H_Oshkosh_27.07.10R_edited-3.jpg/150px-Hamilton_H-47_N879H_Oshkosh_27.07.10R_edited-3.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Hamilton_H-47_N879H_Oshkosh_27.07.10R_edited-3.jpg/225px-Hamilton_H-47_N879H_Oshkosh_27.07.10R_edited-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Hamilton_H-47_N879H_Oshkosh_27.07.10R_edited-3.jpg/300px-Hamilton_H-47_N879H_Oshkosh_27.07.10R_edited-3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2302" /></a><figcaption>Rebuilt 1929 <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_H-47" title="Hamilton H-47">Hamilton H-47</a> wearing Northwest Airways markings in 2010</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Douglas_DC-3_Northwest_Airlines.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Douglas_DC-3_Northwest_Airlines.jpg/220px-Douglas_DC-3_Northwest_Airlines.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Douglas_DC-3_Northwest_Airlines.jpg/330px-Douglas_DC-3_Northwest_Airlines.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Douglas_DC-3_Northwest_Airlines.jpg/440px-Douglas_DC-3_Northwest_Airlines.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1936" data-file-height="1296" /></a><figcaption>Northwest <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-3" title="Douglas DC-3">Douglas DC-3</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Northwest Airlines began carrying passengers in 1927; in 1928 Northwest started its first international route with service to <a href="/wiki/Winnipeg" title="Winnipeg">Winnipeg</a>. In 1929, a group headed by Richard Lilly, a businessman from <a href="/wiki/St._Paul,_Minnesota" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Paul, Minnesota">St. Paul, Minnesota</a>, purchased the airline.<sup id="cite_ref-MSNBCHistorystuff_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MSNBCHistorystuff-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1933 Northwest was selected to fly the "Northern Transcontinental Route" to <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>, Washington. It adopted the name <b>Northwest Airlines</b> the following year after the <a href="/wiki/Air_Mail_scandal" title="Air Mail scandal">Air Mail scandal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Northwest Airways, Inc. changed its name to Northwest Airlines, Inc.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the airline was incorporated under its new name in the State of Minnesota.<sup id="cite_ref-MSNBCHistorystuff_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MSNBCHistorystuff-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1939 Northwest had five daily flights from Chicago to <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis</a>; three continued west to Seattle through <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a> and <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a>. Northwest also served <a href="/wiki/Winnipeg,_Manitoba" class="mw-redirect" title="Winnipeg, Manitoba">Winnipeg, Manitoba</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a>, by spurs from its transcontinental route.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the spring of 1948, Northwest was operating three different aircraft types: the 44-passenger seat <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-4" title="Douglas DC-4">Douglas DC-4</a>, the 21-passenger seat <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-3" title="Douglas DC-3">Douglas DC-3</a> and the 36-passenger seat <a href="/wiki/Martin_2-0-2" title="Martin 2-0-2">Martin 2-0-2</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transpacific_network_development">Transpacific network development</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Transpacific network development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1931, Northwest sponsored <a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh" title="Charles Lindbergh">Charles and Anne Lindbergh</a> on a pioneering test flight to Japan via Alaska, scouting what would become known as the Northwest Airlines' <a href="/wiki/Great-circle_navigation" title="Great-circle navigation">Great Circle</a> route that could save 2,000 miles (3,000 km) on a New York to Tokyo flight.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Northwest began to bolster the infrastructure on the domestic leg of this route during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> when it flew soldiers and supplies from the Northwestern United States to Alaska. It was at this point that Northwest began painting its airliners' tails bright red as a visual aid in the often harsh weather conditions.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The airline's experience with the sub-arctic climate led the U.S. government to designate Northwest as the main airline over the North Pacific following the war.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In the spring of 1947, Northwest began stationing employees at <a href="/wiki/Haneda_Airport" title="Haneda Airport">Haneda Airport</a> in Tokyo, flying them from the United States via Alaska on its Great Circle route. On July 15, 1947, Northwest was the first airline to begin direct service between the United States and Japan,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> using a <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-4" title="Douglas DC-4">Douglas DC-4</a> airliner named <i>The Manila</i>. (All pre-war airline service to <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asia</a> had been via Hawaii and the Philippines.) The flight to Japan originated at <a href="/wiki/Wold-Chamberlain_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Wold-Chamberlain Field">Wold-Chamberlain Field</a> in Minneapolis and stopped at <a href="/wiki/Blatchford_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Blatchford Field">Blatchford Field</a> in <a href="/wiki/Edmonton" title="Edmonton">Edmonton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elmendorf_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Elmendorf AFB">Elmendorf AFB</a> in <a href="/wiki/Anchorage" class="mw-redirect" title="Anchorage">Anchorage</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Shemya_AAF" class="mw-redirect" title="Shemya AAF">Shemya AAF</a> in the western <a href="/wiki/Aleutian_Islands" title="Aleutian Islands">Aleutian Islands</a>. The flight continued from Tokyo to <a href="/wiki/Lunghwa_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Lunghwa Airport">Lunghwa Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a> and then to <a href="/wiki/Nichols_Field" title="Nichols Field">Nichols Field</a> at <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A flight between Tokyo and <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gimpo_International_Airport" title="Gimpo International Airport">Gimpo Airport</a>) began on October 20, 1947, and <a href="/wiki/Naha_Airport" title="Naha Airport">Naha Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/Okinawa_Prefecture" title="Okinawa Prefecture">Okinawa</a> began to be a stop on the Tokyo to Manila route on November 16, 1947.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Northwest service to Shanghai was suspended in May 1949 because of the civil war in China, with the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">Republic of China</a> nearly ready to collapse, and its government evacuated to the island of <a href="/wiki/Formosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Formosa">Formosa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>). Northwest Airlines added <a href="/wiki/Songshan_Airport" title="Songshan Airport">Songshan Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a>, the new capital city of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China">Republic of China</a>, as a stop on the Tokyo-Okinawa-Manila route on June 3, 1950, with ongoing interchange service to Hong Kong operated by <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Airways" title="Hong Kong Airways">Hong Kong Airways</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Northwest_Orient_Airlines">Northwest Orient Airlines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Northwest Orient Airlines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Northwest_Airlines" title="Special:EditPage/Northwest Airlines">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Northwest_Orient_DC-10-40_(6142354648).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Northwest_Orient_DC-10-40_%286142354648%29.jpg/222px-Northwest_Orient_DC-10-40_%286142354648%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="222" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Northwest_Orient_DC-10-40_%286142354648%29.jpg/333px-Northwest_Orient_DC-10-40_%286142354648%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Northwest_Orient_DC-10-40_%286142354648%29.jpg/444px-Northwest_Orient_DC-10-40_%286142354648%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4042" data-file-height="2684" /></a><figcaption>Northwest Orient <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_DC-10" title="McDonnell Douglas DC-10">McDonnell Douglas DC-10</a> at <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Metropolitan_Airport" title="Detroit Metropolitan Airport">Detroit Metropolitan Airport</a> in 1985.</figcaption></figure> <p>With transpacific flights established, Northwest began branding as <b>Northwest Orient Airlines</b> between 1947 and 1986,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lacfac_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lacfac-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fb76spk_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fb76spk-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pppgbmkr_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pppgbmkr-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although its registered corporate name remained "Northwest Airlines." </p><p>NWA continuously upgraded equipment on the transpacific routes. On June 22, 1949, Northwest received its first double-decker <a href="/wiki/Boeing_377" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing 377">Boeing 377 "Stratocruiser"</a>, enabling more comfortable accommodations and faster transpacific flights.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The Stratocruiser began flying from the West Coast to Honolulu in 1950 and to Tokyo via <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a> on September 27, 1952.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>　 </p><p> In 1954, Northwest Orient purchased <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-6B" class="mw-redirect" title="Douglas DC-6B">Douglas DC-6Bs</a> and started flying them to Tokyo and Manila. In January 1960, Northwest was operating transcontinental <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-188_Electra" title="Lockheed L-188 Electra">Lockheed L-188 Electra</a> turboprop service nonstop between New York City and Seattle with these flights being part of the airline's service between New York City and Asia with <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-7C" class="mw-redirect" title="Douglas DC-7C">Douglas DC-7C</a> aircraft being operated on the transpacific legs from Seattle and was also operating Electra propjet flights between Minneapolis/St. Paul, Milwaukee and Chicago <a href="/wiki/Midway_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Midway Airport">Midway Airport</a> in the north and several destinations in Florida in the south including Miami, Fort Lauderdale and Tampa.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boeing_707-351B_N377US_NWAL_SFO_19.09.70_edited-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Boeing_707-351B_N377US_NWAL_SFO_19.09.70_edited-2.jpg/220px-Boeing_707-351B_N377US_NWAL_SFO_19.09.70_edited-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Boeing_707-351B_N377US_NWAL_SFO_19.09.70_edited-2.jpg/330px-Boeing_707-351B_N377US_NWAL_SFO_19.09.70_edited-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Boeing_707-351B_N377US_NWAL_SFO_19.09.70_edited-2.jpg/440px-Boeing_707-351B_N377US_NWAL_SFO_19.09.70_edited-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="706" /></a><figcaption>Boeing 707-351B at <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_International_Airport" title="San Francisco International Airport">San Francisco International Airport</a> in 1970</figcaption></figure><p>On July 8, 1960, Northwest placed the <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-8" title="Douglas DC-8">Douglas DC-8</a> into service, offering the shortest flight times to East Asia, but within a year the airline was negotiating the sale of the five DC-8s. Northwest retired the last of its Boeing 377 Stratocruisers that September.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The airline purchased several <a href="/wiki/Boeing_720" title="Boeing 720">Boeing 720</a>Bs in 1961, and 1963 several new <a href="/wiki/Boeing_707" title="Boeing 707">Boeing 707</a>-320Bs; for a time it adopted the slogan "Northwest Orient: The Fan-Jet Airline". Nonstop transpacific flights became feasible with the introduction of the 707-320B/C. Northwest bought its first <a href="/wiki/Boeing_747" title="Boeing 747">Boeing 747s</a> in 1970 and soon began retiring its smaller 707s. In addition to operating the 747's on transpacific flights, Northwest briefly flew them on its busiest domestic routes as well.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>For years Northwest was the largest foreign airline serving Japan.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 1951, Northwest became involved with the founding of <a href="/wiki/Japan_Air_Lines" class="mw-redirect" title="Japan Air Lines">Japan Air Lines</a> (JAL) by leasing airliners and crewmembers to the new airline.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 1952, United States and Japan ratified a regional bilateral aviation treaty, under which Northwest and <a href="/wiki/Pan_American_World_Airways" class="mw-redirect" title="Pan American World Airways">Pan American World Airways</a> became the two U.S. airlines in Tokyo.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> These carriers also received <a href="/wiki/Freedoms_of_the_air" title="Freedoms of the air">fifth freedom rights</a> to carry passengers from and via Tokyo to other Asian destinations such as <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Busan" title="Busan">Busan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaohsiung" title="Kaohsiung">Kaohsiung</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>. Northwest also flew passenger routes from Japan to <a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saipan" class="mw-redirect" title="Saipan">Saipan</a>, U.S. possessions in <a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesia</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Northwest's meteorologists, led by Dan Sowa, pioneered the first <a href="/wiki/Clear-air_turbulence" title="Clear-air turbulence">clear-air turbulence</a> forecasting system in 1957, important since the airline flew many northern routes over turbulence-prone mountain areas. Northwest remained a leader in turbulence prediction, providing TPAWS (turbulence prediction and warning services) to other airlines.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066032864">.mw-parser-output .thumbinner>table{background:none;margin:0}@media all and (max-width:720px){body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .thumbinner table{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .thumbinner caption{display:table-caption}}</style><div class="thumb tleft"> <div class="thumbinner center" style="width:210px;font-size:88%"> <div>Revenue passenger traffic, in millions of passenger-miles (scheduled flights only, domestic plus international)<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th style="border:1px #aaa solid"><abbr title="millions of passenger miles">Pax-Miles</abbr> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid">1951 </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid">602 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid">1955 </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid">1017 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid">1960 </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid">1654 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid">1965 </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid">3304 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid">1970 </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid">4506 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid">1975 </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid">9471 </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transatlantic_and_domestic_expansion">Transatlantic and domestic expansion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Transatlantic and domestic expansion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boeing_727-251_N256US_NWAL_MIA_07.02.71_edited-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Boeing_727-251_N256US_NWAL_MIA_07.02.71_edited-2.jpg/220px-Boeing_727-251_N256US_NWAL_MIA_07.02.71_edited-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Boeing_727-251_N256US_NWAL_MIA_07.02.71_edited-2.jpg/330px-Boeing_727-251_N256US_NWAL_MIA_07.02.71_edited-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Boeing_727-251_N256US_NWAL_MIA_07.02.71_edited-2.jpg/440px-Boeing_727-251_N256US_NWAL_MIA_07.02.71_edited-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="671" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Boeing_727" title="Boeing 727">Boeing 727-200</a> at <a href="/wiki/Miami_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami Airport">Miami Airport</a> in February 1971</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Northwest_Orient_Boeing_747-100_at_London_Gatwick_Airport_in_June_1983.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Northwest_Orient_Boeing_747-100_at_London_Gatwick_Airport_in_June_1983.jpg/220px-Northwest_Orient_Boeing_747-100_at_London_Gatwick_Airport_in_June_1983.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Northwest_Orient_Boeing_747-100_at_London_Gatwick_Airport_in_June_1983.jpg/330px-Northwest_Orient_Boeing_747-100_at_London_Gatwick_Airport_in_June_1983.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Northwest_Orient_Boeing_747-100_at_London_Gatwick_Airport_in_June_1983.jpg/440px-Northwest_Orient_Boeing_747-100_at_London_Gatwick_Airport_in_June_1983.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1023" data-file-height="689" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Boeing_747" title="Boeing 747">Boeing 747</a> at <a href="/wiki/London_Gatwick_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="London Gatwick Airport">London Gatwick Airport</a> in 1983, in pre-merger Northwest Orient livery</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Northwest_Airlines_Boeing_747-100_at_Osaka.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Northwest_Airlines_Boeing_747-100_at_Osaka.jpg/220px-Northwest_Airlines_Boeing_747-100_at_Osaka.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Northwest_Airlines_Boeing_747-100_at_Osaka.jpg/330px-Northwest_Airlines_Boeing_747-100_at_Osaka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Northwest_Airlines_Boeing_747-100_at_Osaka.jpg/440px-Northwest_Airlines_Boeing_747-100_at_Osaka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Boeing 747-100 at <a href="/wiki/Osaka_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Osaka International Airport">Osaka Itami Airport</a> ca. 1990, in post-merger Northwest livery</figcaption></figure> <p>During the regulated era, Northwest's domestic network was mainly along the northern transcontinental route through Chicago, Minneapolis, and Seattle; New York and Detroit were added in 1945. Northwest also served <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a> from the West Coast, and, starting in 1958–59, <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> from Chicago.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 1, 1959, Northwest accepted its first <a href="/wiki/Turboprop" title="Turboprop">turboprop</a>, the <a href="/wiki/L-188_Electra" class="mw-redirect" title="L-188 Electra">L-188 Electra</a>, from the <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Corporation" title="Lockheed Corporation">Lockheed Corporation</a>. Northwest Airlines started flying the three-engine <a href="/wiki/Boeing_727-100" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing 727-100">Boeing 727-100</a> in November 1964;<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> many stretched B727-251s followed. </p><p>After <a href="/wiki/Airline_deregulation" title="Airline deregulation">airline deregulation</a> in 1978 Northwest began nonstop flights to other Asian cities, returned to China in 1984 after a 34-year hiatus, and strengthened its presence in the southwestern United States. It also began flying to the United Kingdom, Ireland, Germany, and Scandinavia. On May 21, 1984, shareholders in Northwest approved the creation of NWA Inc., a <a href="/wiki/Delaware_corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Delaware corporation">Delaware corporation</a> that became the holding company of Northwest.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On October 1, <a href="/wiki/1986_in_aviation" title="1986 in aviation">1986</a>, Northwest merged with <a href="/wiki/Republic_Airlines_(1979-1986)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic Airlines (1979-1986)">Republic Airlines</a>, also based in Minneapolis-St. Paul. It was the largest airline merger at the time and caused operational issues which led the combined carrier to have an on-time performance of just 42 percent in its early days.<sup id="cite_ref-mpr_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mpr-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Through the merger, NWA adopted Republic's three-hub domestic network centered around Detroit, Memphis, and Minneapolis-St. Paul. The combined airline became particularly strong in the first two cities, with a market share of over 80% in each.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the merger, the airline dropped <i>Orient</i> from its branding.<sup id="cite_ref-ttmots_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ttmots-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One major reason for the merger was that Northwest's unique position as a domestic and transpacific carrier had been challenged in 1985 when <a href="/wiki/United_Airlines" title="United Airlines">United Airlines</a> acquired the Pacific Division of <a href="/wiki/Pan_Am" title="Pan Am">Pan Am</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:N240NW_(21071862742).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/N240NW_%2821071862742%29.jpg/220px-N240NW_%2821071862742%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/N240NW_%2821071862742%29.jpg/330px-N240NW_%2821071862742%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/N240NW_%2821071862742%29.jpg/440px-N240NW_%2821071862742%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667" /></a><figcaption>Northwest was one of the last passenger airlines to fly the <a href="/wiki/DC-10" class="mw-redirect" title="DC-10">DC-10</a> when its last one was retired on January 8, 2007</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boeing_747-251B,_Northwest_Airlines_AN1371024.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Boeing_747-251B%2C_Northwest_Airlines_AN1371024.jpg/220px-Boeing_747-251B%2C_Northwest_Airlines_AN1371024.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Boeing_747-251B%2C_Northwest_Airlines_AN1371024.jpg/330px-Boeing_747-251B%2C_Northwest_Airlines_AN1371024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Boeing_747-251B%2C_Northwest_Airlines_AN1371024.jpg/440px-Boeing_747-251B%2C_Northwest_Airlines_AN1371024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption>Northwest was also the last major US passenger airline to fly the original series <a href="/wiki/Boeing_747" title="Boeing 747">Boeing 747</a> (pre-400 models)</figcaption></figure> <p>Northwest continued to use the pre-merger Northwest Orient livery (minus the word "Orient") until a new livery and identity (designed by <a href="/wiki/Landor_Associates" title="Landor Associates">Landor Associates</a>) were adopted in 1989. The new livery, nicknamed the "bowling shoe" by employees, featured colors of red, white, gray, and very dark blue.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Also in 1989, Northwest became the launch customer of the <a href="/wiki/Boeing_747-400" title="Boeing 747-400">Boeing 747-400</a> and became one of only two airlines in the United States to operate it until its merger with <a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta</a> in <a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines%E2%80%93Northwest_Airlines_merger" title="Delta Air Lines–Northwest Airlines merger">2009</a>. The first aircraft it purchased was the first 747-400 to be built; it was later involved in a <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_85" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 85">loss-of-control incident</a> in 2002 and placed on display at the <a href="/wiki/Delta_Flight_Museum" title="Delta Flight Museum">Delta Flight Museum</a> following its retirement by Delta in 2015.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Northwest was purchased in a 1989 <a href="/wiki/Leveraged_buyout" title="Leveraged buyout">leveraged buyout</a> by an investment group headed by <a href="/wiki/Al_Checchi" title="Al Checchi">Al Checchi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fred_Malek" title="Fred Malek">Fred Malek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gary_L._Wilson" title="Gary L. Wilson">Gary Wilson</a>, with KLM, and many others. To pay off the debt incurred, the new management sold many of the airline's aircraft to leasing companies, and sold property around the world, including land in central Tokyo. The expense of the buyout was so great that in 1993, following several years of losses due to industry overcapacity and a traffic downturn following the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a>, Northwest threatened bankruptcy to force three years of wage cuts upon its employee groups. Northwest subsequently made its first profit since 1989 on the backs of its workers.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Loaded language that reads more like opinion without any citations. Suggest rewrite and supporting citations (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Northwest_Airlines-KLM_DC-10_hybrid_livery_Spijkers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Northwest_Airlines-KLM_DC-10_hybrid_livery_Spijkers.jpg/220px-Northwest_Airlines-KLM_DC-10_hybrid_livery_Spijkers.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Northwest_Airlines-KLM_DC-10_hybrid_livery_Spijkers.jpg/330px-Northwest_Airlines-KLM_DC-10_hybrid_livery_Spijkers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Northwest_Airlines-KLM_DC-10_hybrid_livery_Spijkers.jpg/440px-Northwest_Airlines-KLM_DC-10_hybrid_livery_Spijkers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1023" data-file-height="711" /></a><figcaption>This Northwest <a href="/wiki/DC-10" class="mw-redirect" title="DC-10">DC-10</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_registration" title="Aircraft registration">Registration</a> N237NW, was painted in a hybrid Northwest-<a href="/wiki/KLM" title="KLM">KLM</a> livery to advertise the alliance between the two airlines </figcaption></figure> <p>Also in 1993, Northwest began its strategic alliance with <a href="/wiki/KLM" title="KLM">KLM</a>, which was the largest airline partnership at that time. This partnership eventually became the <a href="/wiki/Wings_Alliance" title="Wings Alliance">Wings Alliance</a>, but the alliance never grew beyond the two airlines. Northwest gradually pulled out of its minor European destinations and focused on domestic and Asian markets. </p><p>On May 1, 1996, Northwest inaugurated the first-ever nonstop service from North America to China, <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Metropolitan_Wayne_County_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport">Detroit</a>–<a href="/wiki/Beijing_Capital_International_Airport" title="Beijing Capital International Airport">Beijing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Detroit_Airport_History_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Detroit_Airport_History-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nonstop Detroit–Shanghai service followed in April 2000. These nonstop services were suspended in 2002 due to the outbreak of <a href="/wiki/Severe_acute_respiratory_syndrome" class="mw-redirect" title="Severe acute respiratory syndrome">severe acute respiratory syndrome</a> (SARS).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2007)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Northwest then served these routes via Tokyo. The airline sought government approval to restore nonstop Detroit–Shanghai service in March 2007 but lost its bid to <a href="/wiki/United_Airlines" title="United Airlines">United</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Washington_Dulles_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Dulles International Airport">Washington</a>–Beijing route; however, before their merger with <a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a>, Northwest received tentative authority to restart nonstop Detroit–Shanghai service starting March 25, 2009. </p><p>Through the late 1990s and early 2000s, Northwest enjoyed profits and focused on improving technology to increase convenience and reduce costs. The airline offered airport self-service check-in kiosks starting in 1997 and had more than any other airline. Northwest was the first large U.S. airline to offer internet check-in to passengers, with service from December 2000.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> During the early 2000s decade, Northwest acquired a reputation for refusing to adopt industry-wide fare increases that had been accepted by other airlines. This changed in March 2005, when Northwest adopted fare hikes in response to rising oil prices.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Northwest_Airlines_1989-2003.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Northwest_Airlines_1989-2003.svg/150px-Northwest_Airlines_1989-2003.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Northwest_Airlines_1989-2003.svg/225px-Northwest_Airlines_1989-2003.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Northwest_Airlines_1989-2003.svg/300px-Northwest_Airlines_1989-2003.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="232" data-file-height="78" /></a><figcaption>NWA logo, 1989–2003</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boeing_757-300_(Northwest_Airlines)_(292516996).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Boeing_757-300_%28Northwest_Airlines%29_%28292516996%29.jpg/250px-Boeing_757-300_%28Northwest_Airlines%29_%28292516996%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Boeing_757-300_%28Northwest_Airlines%29_%28292516996%29.jpg/375px-Boeing_757-300_%28Northwest_Airlines%29_%28292516996%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Boeing_757-300_%28Northwest_Airlines%29_%28292516996%29.jpg/500px-Boeing_757-300_%28Northwest_Airlines%29_%28292516996%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1127" data-file-height="644" /></a><figcaption>757-351 in the "Bowling Shoe" livery, used from 1989 until 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Due to competition from <a href="/wiki/Low-cost_carrier" title="Low-cost carrier">low-cost carriers</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Airlines" title="Southwest Airlines">Southwest Airlines</a> and the impact of paying living wages in a new contract with employees represented by the <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_Mechanics_Fraternal_Association" title="Aircraft Mechanics Fraternal Association">Aircraft Mechanics Fraternal Association</a> (AMFA) <a href="/wiki/Labor_union" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor union">labor union</a>, Northwest began to make cutbacks in early 2001 to preserve profits and executive salaries. Two small rounds of employee layoffs and other cutbacks were implemented in the months before the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a>. Following the attacks, Northwest was forced to make dramatic changes to its business structure through major employee layoffs and other cost-cutting measures. The retirement of costly and aging aircraft such as the <a href="/wiki/Boeing_727" title="Boeing 727">Boeing 727</a> and <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_DC-10-40" class="mw-redirect" title="McDonnell Douglas DC-10-40">McDonnell Douglas DC-10-40</a> were accelerated as new aircraft went into service. In addition, the airline pursued options to reduce costs across the board, including removing pillows, peanuts, pretzels, <a href="/wiki/In-flight_entertainment" title="In-flight entertainment">in-flight entertainment</a> on domestic flights, and newspapers and magazines. Over 50 <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_DC-9" title="McDonnell Douglas DC-9">McDonnell Douglas DC-9</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boeing_757" title="Boeing 757">Boeing 757</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boeing_747" title="Boeing 747">Boeing 747</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A320_family" title="Airbus A320 family">Airbus A320 family</a> aircraft were withdrawn from use in an attempt to lower overall capacity and save money. Some of these aircraft were returned to service.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Following many years of a pioneering and close partnership with KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, Northwest, along with partners KLM and <a href="/wiki/Continental_Airlines" title="Continental Airlines">Continental Airlines</a>, joined <a href="/wiki/SkyTeam" title="SkyTeam">SkyTeam</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Airline_alliance" title="Airline alliance">alliance</a> of ten airlines from around the world, on September 15, 2004. This was partially a result of <a href="/wiki/Air_France" title="Air France">Air France</a> merging with KLM, forming the <a href="/wiki/Air_France-KLM" class="mw-redirect" title="Air France-KLM">Air France-KLM</a> group. Northwest continued to hemorrhage money, however. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bankruptcy_filing">Bankruptcy filing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Bankruptcy filing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despite far-reaching money-saving initiatives, the industry-wide history of inflated executive compensation forced Northwest to file for <a href="/wiki/Chapter_11" class="mw-redirect" title="Chapter 11">Chapter 11</a> bankruptcy protection for the first time in its 79-year history. The filing took place in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York on September 14, 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With Northwest's filing, four of the six largest U.S. carriers were operating under bankruptcy protection. Northwest joined <a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a> (which filed just minutes before), <a href="/wiki/United_Airlines" title="United Airlines">United Airlines</a>, and <a href="/wiki/US_Airways" title="US Airways">US Airways</a> in bankruptcy. All four carriers subsequently emerged from bankruptcy protection. Northwest common stock shares dropped more than 50% for the second time in three days following the news, largely because the stock is generally cancelled as part of the bankruptcy process. In the following weeks, Northwest Airlink carriers <a href="/wiki/Mesaba_Airlines" title="Mesaba Airlines">Mesaba Airlines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pinnacle_Airlines" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinnacle Airlines">Pinnacle Airlines</a> both announced that Northwest Airlines had missed payments to them for their Airlink flying. Northwest also announced plans to shrink its Airlink fleet by over 45 aircraft. Mesaba Aviation filed for <a href="/wiki/Chapter_11_Bankruptcy" class="mw-redirect" title="Chapter 11 Bankruptcy">Chapter 11 Bankruptcy</a> on October 13, 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Northwest_Airlines_A320_upon_takeoff_at_San_Jose_International_Airport.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Northwest_Airlines_A320_upon_takeoff_at_San_Jose_International_Airport.jpg/220px-Northwest_Airlines_A320_upon_takeoff_at_San_Jose_International_Airport.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Northwest_Airlines_A320_upon_takeoff_at_San_Jose_International_Airport.jpg/330px-Northwest_Airlines_A320_upon_takeoff_at_San_Jose_International_Airport.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Northwest_Airlines_A320_upon_takeoff_at_San_Jose_International_Airport.jpg/440px-Northwest_Airlines_A320_upon_takeoff_at_San_Jose_International_Airport.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2828" data-file-height="1886" /></a><figcaption>A320-212 at <a href="/wiki/San_Jose_International_Airport" title="San Jose International Airport">San Jose</a> in Northwest's final livery (2004-2010) before its closure.</figcaption></figure><p> Northwest announced on May 18, 2007, that shares of the company would begin to trade on the NYSE under the ticker NWA. Initial trading on a "when-issued" basis began on May 21, 2007, and regular trading began on May 31, 2007. Also on May 18, 2007, Northwest Airlines was cleared by a federal bankruptcy judge to emerge from Chapter 11 Bankruptcy protection on May 31, 2007, ending Northwest's 20 months of difficulty trying to slash costs.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 16, 2007, Northwest Airlines applied to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Transportation" title="United States Department of Transportation">United States Department of Transportation</a> for nonstop service between its WorldGateway hub in Detroit to Shanghai (beginning in 2007 on <a href="/wiki/Boeing_747-400" title="Boeing 747-400">Boeing 747-400s</a>) and to Beijing (beginning in 2010 on <a href="/wiki/Boeing_787_Dreamliner" title="Boeing 787 Dreamliner">Boeing 787 Dreamliners</a>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The airline faced off against <a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a> (which proposed Atlanta to Shanghai and Beijing), <a href="/wiki/American_Airlines" title="American Airlines">American Airlines</a> (Chicago/O'Hare–Beijing), <a href="/wiki/Continental_Airlines" title="Continental Airlines">Continental Airlines</a> (Newark–Shanghai), <a href="/wiki/US_Airways" title="US Airways">US Airways</a> (Philadelphia–Beijing), <a href="/wiki/United_Airlines" title="United Airlines">United Airlines</a> (Los Angeles–Shanghai and San Francisco–Guangzhou), and <a href="/wiki/MAXjet" class="mw-redirect" title="MAXjet">MAXjet</a> (Seattle–Shanghai) in the route competition.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On August 12, 2007, Northwest Airlines became a passive investor in the purchase of <a href="/wiki/Midwest_Airlines" title="Midwest Airlines">Midwest Airlines</a> by <a href="/wiki/TPG_Capital" class="mw-redirect" title="TPG Capital">TPG Capital</a>. The airline stated that while it was an investor, it would not participate in any management or control of <a href="/wiki/Midwest_Airlines" title="Midwest Airlines">Midwest Airlines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, on August 14, 2007, <a href="/wiki/AirTran_Airways" title="AirTran Airways">AirTran Airways</a> raised their offer for Midwest to $16.25 a share, 25 cents more than the TPG offer.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But soon after on August 17, 2007, <a href="/wiki/TPG_Capital" class="mw-redirect" title="TPG Capital">TPG Capital</a> raised their offer to $17.00 a share which sealed the deal. Northwest Airlines became a minority owner of <a href="/wiki/Midwest_Airlines" title="Midwest Airlines">Midwest Airlines</a> in the fourth quarter of 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-phx.corporate-ir.net_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-phx.corporate-ir.net-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On September 25, 2007, Northwest Airlines received DOT approval to begin service to Shanghai from its Detroit hub beginning March 25, 2009. American, Continental, Delta, and US Airways also received new or additional China route authority to Shanghai or Beijing, and United received authority to serve Guangzhou.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Merger_with_Delta_Air_Lines">Merger with Delta Air Lines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Merger with Delta Air Lines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines-Northwest_Airlines_merger" class="mw-redirect" title="Delta Air Lines-Northwest Airlines merger">Delta Air Lines-Northwest Airlines merger</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DL-NW_Tails.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/DL-NW_Tails.svg/220px-DL-NW_Tails.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/DL-NW_Tails.svg/330px-DL-NW_Tails.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/DL-NW_Tails.svg/440px-DL-NW_Tails.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="397" /></a><figcaption>Most common symbol for the merger</figcaption></figure> <p>On April 14, 2008, Northwest Airlines announced that it would be merging with <a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a> to form the world's largest airline. The merger was approved on October 29, 2008. The CEO during the merger of Delta and Northwest was <a href="/wiki/Richard_H._Anderson_(businessman)" title="Richard H. Anderson (businessman)">Richard Anderson</a> who was Northwest Airlines CEO from 2001 to 2004. The combined airline uses the Delta name and branding. On October 1, 2009, Northwest WorldPerks merged into <a href="/wiki/SkyMiles" title="SkyMiles">SkyMiles</a>. On January 31, 2010, Delta completed the merge of the reservation systems and discontinued using the Northwest name for flights. The official final flight was Northwest Airlines Flight 2470 from Los Angeles to Las Vegas.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="NWA_Cargo">NWA Cargo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: NWA Cargo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2006, Northwest Airlines Cargo was the largest cargo carrier among U.S. combination passenger and cargo airlines. NWA Cargo's fleet of dedicated <span class="nowrap">Boeing 747</span> freighter aircraft flew from some key cities in the United States and East Asia, as well as Amsterdam, connecting with the carrier's cargo hub in Anchorage, Alaska (<a href="/wiki/Ted_Stevens_Anchorage_International_Airport" title="Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport">Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport</a>), facilitating the quick transfer of cargo between large cities on both sides of the Pacific. NWA Cargo also transports freight aboard the passenger fleet of Northwest Airlines to more than 250 cities worldwide. Delta announced that the NWA Cargo hub will be shut down by the end of 2009. As of early 2008, NWA's largest cargo client was DHL International. In December 2007, NWA announced that DHL International would terminate its cargo agreement with the airline effective late 2008. According to NWA Chief Financial Officer Dave Davis, the loss of its largest cargo client would bring significant changes to the division. Further changes to the NWA Cargo division continued into 2009 as it was merged into the Delta Cargo service. NWA Cargo ended all operations on December 28, 2009. On July 30, 2010, Northwest pleaded guilty to one count of felony <a href="/wiki/Price_fixing" title="Price fixing">price fixing</a> for fixing prices for cargo shipping via NWA Cargo.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Northwest_Airlines_Cargo,_Boeing_747.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Northwest_Airlines_Cargo%2C_Boeing_747.jpg/220px-Northwest_Airlines_Cargo%2C_Boeing_747.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Northwest_Airlines_Cargo%2C_Boeing_747.jpg/330px-Northwest_Airlines_Cargo%2C_Boeing_747.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Northwest_Airlines_Cargo%2C_Boeing_747.jpg/440px-Northwest_Airlines_Cargo%2C_Boeing_747.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2280" data-file-height="1288" /></a><figcaption>Northwest Cargo Boeing 747</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Corporate_affairs_and_identity">Corporate affairs and identity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Corporate affairs and identity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Headquarters">Headquarters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Headquarters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NWAHeadquartersMinneapolisMN.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/NWAHeadquartersMinneapolisMN.jpg/220px-NWAHeadquartersMinneapolisMN.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/NWAHeadquartersMinneapolisMN.jpg/330px-NWAHeadquartersMinneapolisMN.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/NWAHeadquartersMinneapolisMN.jpg/440px-NWAHeadquartersMinneapolisMN.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Entrance sign to Northwest Airlines headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Eagan,_Minnesota" title="Eagan, Minnesota">Eagan</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Immediately before Northwest ceased being an independent airline, its headquarters was in Building A,<sup id="cite_ref-BuildingAGone_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BuildingAGone-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a facility in <a href="/wiki/Eagan,_Minnesota" title="Eagan, Minnesota">Eagan</a>, Minnesota,<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> near <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis-St._Paul_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport">Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport</a> and the intersection of <a href="/wiki/Interstate_35E_(Minnesota)" title="Interstate 35E (Minnesota)">I-35E</a> and <a href="/wiki/Interstate_494" title="Interstate 494">Interstate 494</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FeyderHQ_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FeyderHQ-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 266,899-square-foot (24,795.7 m<sup>2</sup>) building in the complex, which housed about 1,000 Northwest employees, was built in 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-FeyderHQ_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FeyderHQ-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The building had a large "N" painted on the roof.<sup id="cite_ref-BuildingAGone_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BuildingAGone-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After Delta and Northwest merged, Delta moved the Eagan headquarters employees to other offices in the <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis%E2%80%93Saint_Paul" title="Minneapolis–Saint Paul">Minneapolis–Saint Paul</a> area. In October 2009 Delta Air Lines hired a real estate broker to put the 108-acre (44 ha) former Northwest Airlines headquarters complex for sale or lease. During that month the facility had a taxable value of $13.7 million. The airline marketed 36 acres (15 ha) of the former NWA facility that is located along Interstate 494 separately from the main part of the property, as the airline considered the property to be excess. Terry Kingston, the executive director of the real estate brokerage firm <a href="/wiki/Cushman_%26_Wakefield" title="Cushman & Wakefield">Cushman & Wakefield</a>, stated that there had been some interest in the Northwest Airlines property from other parties.<sup id="cite_ref-FeyderHQ_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FeyderHQ-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Northwest was the only occupant of the four-story headquarters building.<sup id="cite_ref-NWHQOnMarket_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NWHQOnMarket-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Employees remaining in the Minneapolis area were moved to Building C,<sup id="cite_ref-BuildingAGone_42-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BuildingAGone-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the former <a href="/wiki/Republic_Airlines" title="Republic Airlines">Republic Airlines</a> headquarters building,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> located on the property of <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis-St._Paul_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport">Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport</a>, as well as Building J located in Eagan.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before the headquarters were in Eagan, they were on the grounds of Minneapolis–St. Paul International Airport.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Labor_relations">Labor relations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Labor relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Northwest_Airlines" title="Special:EditPage/Northwest Airlines">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2009</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A recurring issue in Northwest's history was its troubled labor relations. In 1998, Northwest walked away from the bargaining table, locked out its pilots (represented by the <a href="/wiki/Air_Line_Pilots_Association,_International" title="Air Line Pilots Association, International">Air Line Pilots Association, International</a>) and shut down the airline for more than two weeks. The airline sustained heavy losses as a result, and ended 1998 in the red, after being profitable since 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On January 5, 2000, Northwest Airlines filed a federal <a href="/wiki/Lawsuit" title="Lawsuit">lawsuit</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Teamsters" class="mw-redirect" title="Teamsters">flight attendants' union</a> and a number of <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/rank_and_file" class="extiw" title="wikt:rank and file">rank-and-file</a> employees.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Along with its January 5 complaint, Northwest Airlines filed a <a href="/wiki/Motion_(legal)" title="Motion (legal)">motion</a> for <a href="/wiki/Discovery_(law)" title="Discovery (law)">discovery</a>, requesting <a href="/wiki/Search_and_seizure" title="Search and seizure">searches</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Hard_drives" class="mw-redirect" title="Hard drives">hard drives</a> of the office and home computers of union officials. Additionally, Northwest requested searches of the home computers of <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/rank_and_file" class="extiw" title="wikt:rank and file">rank-and-file</a> employees, including Kevin Griffin and Frank Reed. On February 8, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Minnesota" title="United States District Court for the District of Minnesota">Minnesota District Court</a> Judge Boylan approved the request and issued the discovery order. The order required all 43 named <a href="/wiki/Defendant" title="Defendant">defendants</a>, officers and <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/rank_and_file" class="extiw" title="wikt:rank and file">rank-and-file</a> members to turn over both home and office computer equipment to the accounting company <a href="/wiki/Ernst_%26_Young" title="Ernst & Young">Ernst & Young</a> for "purposes of examining and copying information and communications contained on the <a href="/wiki/Hard_disk_drive" title="Hard disk drive">computer hard drives</a>." The order permitted the discovery of all data, including e-mail communications. After conducting discovery, Northwest Airlines <a href="/wiki/Termination_of_employment" title="Termination of employment">fired</a> over a dozen employees in early March, stating that they had engaged in a <a href="/wiki/Sickout" class="mw-redirect" title="Sickout">sickout</a>. The Union filed grievances claiming none of the employees' sick calls were false. The <a href="/wiki/Chilling_effect_(term)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilling effect (term)">effect</a> on intra-airline email use was marked: <a href="/wiki/Internet_forum#Post" title="Internet forum">postings</a> critical of Northwest Airlines by employees dwindled, and the majority of messages after the search were posted <a href="/wiki/Anonymous_Coward" class="mw-redirect" title="Anonymous Coward">anonymously</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="No source provided (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:B753.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/B753.jpg/220px-B753.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/B753.jpg/330px-B753.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/B753.jpg/440px-B753.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="672" /></a><figcaption>Northwest Airlines 757-351</figcaption></figure> <p>On August 20, 2005, after months of negotiations, an impasse declared by the <a href="/wiki/National_Mediation_Board" title="National Mediation Board">NMB</a> and a <a href="/wiki/30-day_cooling_off_period" class="mw-redirect" title="30-day cooling off period">30-day cooling off period</a>, the over 4,750 Northwest aircraft <a href="/wiki/Mechanic" title="Mechanic">mechanics</a>, janitors, and aircraft <a href="/wiki/Cleaners" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleaners">cleaners</a> represented by <a href="/wiki/AMFA" class="mw-redirect" title="AMFA">AMFA</a> went on <a href="/wiki/Strike_action" title="Strike action">strike</a> against the company. After numerous negotiation sessions, no agreement was reached, and the company began hiring permanent replacement workers. In mid-October, after permanently hiring about 500 non-union workers, Northwest made a final offer to the union. The offer would have saved 500 union jobs and offered four weeks of severance pay to terminated employees. This offer was worse than the original declined by the union, which would have saved over 2,000 jobs and offered 16 weeks of severance pay. On October 20, 2005, AMFA announced that it would not allow its members to vote on the offer, citing that parts of the contract would violate the union's commitment to its members. Finally, in late December 2005, Northwest made what it termed its "final offer" to the union. The agreement would have terminated all striking workers and given them rights to unemployment compensation. The union voted down the offer. On October 9, 2006, AMFA leadership and Northwest reached an agreement.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the settlement, all AMFA workers still on strike as of that date were converted to lay-off status with five weeks of severance pay (ten weeks if they resigned from Northwest). However, these employees had a right-of-recall to their old jobs. The settlement was approved on November 6, 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On May 30, 2007, it was announced that the flight attendants narrowly agreed to concessions and became the last major workgroup at Northwest to agree to new contract terms. The deal was approved by a vote of 2,966 to 2,862. Union leaders said that 90.5 percent of eligible voters cast ballots. The new contract would provide Northwest with $1.9 billion in annual cuts through 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Negotiations with attendants had been ongoing and contentious for several years. The flight attendants were unable to strike during negotiations because of a court injunction and the refusal of the mediation board to release them from bargaining which would have allowed the setting of a strike deadline. The attendants had been working under imposed pay cuts and work rules since July 2006 when a previous tentative agreement was rejected by 55 percent of the voting members.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prior to the May 2007 agreement, union leaders had expressed concern that its defeat could prompt the National Mediation Board to recess talks indefinitely, resulting in the loss of a $182 million bankruptcy claim the attendants had against Northwest. With the new agreement, the $182 million claim was to eventually be sold for cash with an estimated pre-tax value of $15,000 to $18,000 per flight attendant.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Previous to the recent agreements, Northwest provided employees with stock in exchange for concessions. For example, in 1993 Northwest pilots, ground workers, and flight attendants received stock and seats on the board of directors in exchange for pay cuts.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Unsourced assertion (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> As part of the agreement, Northwest was to buy back these preferred shares in 2003 but refused to do so, citing financial distress.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Source needed (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In the summer of 2007, Northwest was engaged in a labor conflict with its pilots over a large number of end of the month flight cancellations.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Again no citation provided (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The pilots claimed that Northwest did not have sufficient pilots to fly its schedule; Northwest accused the pilots of calling in sick to create the problem.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="No source cited (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Destinations">Destinations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Destinations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Northwest_Airlines_A330-323_(N805NW)_landing_at_London_Gatwick_Airport.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Northwest_Airlines_A330-323_%28N805NW%29_landing_at_London_Gatwick_Airport.jpg/220px-Northwest_Airlines_A330-323_%28N805NW%29_landing_at_London_Gatwick_Airport.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Northwest_Airlines_A330-323_%28N805NW%29_landing_at_London_Gatwick_Airport.jpg/330px-Northwest_Airlines_A330-323_%28N805NW%29_landing_at_London_Gatwick_Airport.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Northwest_Airlines_A330-323_%28N805NW%29_landing_at_London_Gatwick_Airport.jpg/440px-Northwest_Airlines_A330-323_%28N805NW%29_landing_at_London_Gatwick_Airport.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2093" data-file-height="1236" /></a><figcaption>Northwest Airlines <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A330#300" title="Airbus A330">A330-323X</a> landing at <a href="/wiki/London_Gatwick_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="London Gatwick Airport">London Gatwick Airport</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Following the Republic merger in 1986, Northwest primarily operated on a <a href="/wiki/Hub_and_spoke" class="mw-redirect" title="Hub and spoke">hub and spoke</a> route system with hubs in Detroit, Memphis, Minneapolis/St. Paul, and Tokyo. Under the KLM joint venture started in 1993, the two carriers established an Amsterdam hub where transatlantic routes operated by Northwest linked with European, African, and Asian routes operated by KLM.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Northwest also operated a few routes outside this hub system, such as flights from the west coast to Honolulu.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In the mid-1980s, Northwest operated the only U.S. <a href="/wiki/Flag_carrier" title="Flag carrier">flag carrier</a> service to <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>, Oslo, and <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>, as well as service to <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a> (the latter three cities are due to Minneapolis's large <a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Scandinavian Americans">Nordic population</a>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> However, this was later withdrawn after several years.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> From April 2000, Northwest operated non-stop flights from <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Metropolitan_Airport" title="Detroit Metropolitan Airport">Detroit</a> to <a href="/wiki/Milan%E2%80%93Malpensa_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Milan–Malpensa Airport">Milan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci%E2%80%93Fiumicino_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Leonardo da Vinci–Fiumicino Airport">Rome</a>, both were later withdrawn (from 2003 to 2005 Rome was served only during the summer season). In 2009, under the banner of <a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta</a>, service to Rome was then resumed for the summer season.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1991, Northwest began service to Australia, after United and <a href="/wiki/Qantas" title="Qantas">Qantas</a> began non-stop flights to the continental U.S. using the newly introduced, long-range 747-400. Northwest routed its Sydney–New York flight through Osaka, which raised Japanese protest because less than 30% of passengers on the Australia–Japan segment were originating in the U.S.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On May 1, 1996, Northwest began the first-ever non-stop service from North America to mainland China, from <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Metropolitan_Airport" title="Detroit Metropolitan Airport">Detroit</a> to <a href="/wiki/Beijing_Capital_International_Airport" title="Beijing Capital International Airport">Beijing</a>, three times a week.<sup id="cite_ref-Detroit_Airport_History_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Detroit_Airport_History-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1996 until 2002, Northwest operated nonstop flights from its Detroit hub to Beijing and Shanghai. Eventually, these routes were suspended. When that happened, Northwest operated these routes from Detroit with a connection at its Tokyo–Narita hub. However, on July 16, 2007, Northwest re-applied with the US Department of Transportation for nonstop service between Detroit and both Beijing and Shanghai.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On September 25, 2007, the US Department of Transportation tentatively awarded authority to Northwest for a new Detroit to Shanghai (Pudong) route effective March 25, 2009. The route was to be flown using the <a href="/wiki/Boeing_747-400" title="Boeing 747-400">Boeing 747-400</a> until the <a href="/wiki/Boeing_787_Dreamliner" title="Boeing 787 Dreamliner">Boeing 787 Dreamliner</a> aircraft became available, however, the Detroit–Shanghai nonstop route was taken over by <a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta</a> on October 24, 2009, using its Boeing 777-200ER and Boeing 777-200LR aircraft after Delta ended nonstop service between Atlanta and Shanghai due to weak customer demand. The Detroit-Beijing nonstop route was later launched by the merged Delta using a Boeing 777-200ER on July 1, 2011. </p><p>In 2008, Northwest was one of several U.S. airlines to receive permission from the British government to fly into Heathrow Airport in London after previously having to use Gatwick Airport. Northwest began service to Heathrow from its hubs in Detroit and Minneapolis, as well as starting Seattle-London service. However, after being acquired by Delta in 2008, the Seattle route was dropped in January 2009 so the Heathrow <a href="/wiki/Landing_slot" class="mw-redirect" title="Landing slot">landing slot</a> and aircraft used could be redeployed to a more profitable route. In 2009, the Heathrow routes from the Detroit and Minneapolis hubs were taken over by Delta using its <a href="/wiki/Boeing_767" title="Boeing 767">Boeing 767-400ER</a> aircraft. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Codeshare_agreements">Codeshare agreements</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Codeshare agreements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Throughout its existence, Northwest Airlines had <a href="/wiki/Codeshare_agreement" title="Codeshare agreement">codeshare agreements</a> with the following airlines: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_China" title="Air China">Air China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_France" title="Air France">Air France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Airlines" title="Alaska Airlines">Alaska Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alitalia" title="Alitalia">Alitalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asiana_Airlines" title="Asiana Airlines">Asiana Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/America_West_Airlines" title="America West Airlines">America West Airlines</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(codeshared on flights from Asia)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Envoy_Air" title="Envoy Air">American Eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Airlines" title="China Airlines">China Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Southern_Airlines" title="China Southern Airlines">China Southern Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Airlines" title="Continental Airlines">Continental Airlines</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Discontinued after Continental left SkyTeam.)</span><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Airlines" title="Czech Airlines">Czech Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Merger partner)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulfstream_International_Airlines" title="Gulfstream International Airlines">Gulfstream International Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Airlines" title="Hawaiian Airlines">Hawaiian Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horizon_Air" title="Horizon Air">Horizon Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Airlines" title="Japan Airlines">Japan Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_Airways" title="Kenya Airways">Kenya Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KLM" title="KLM">KLM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KLM_Cityhopper" title="KLM Cityhopper">KLM Cityhopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Air" title="Korean Air">Korean Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mal%C3%A9v_Hungarian_Airlines" title="Malév Hungarian Airlines">Malév Hungarian Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwest_Airlines" title="Midwest Airlines">Midwest Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinnacle_Airlines" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinnacle Airlines">Pinnacle Airlines</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fleet">Fleet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Fleet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_fleet" title="Northwest Airlines fleet">Northwest Airlines fleet</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:N362NW-2008-09-13-YVR.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/N362NW-2008-09-13-YVR.jpg/220px-N362NW-2008-09-13-YVR.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/N362NW-2008-09-13-YVR.jpg/330px-N362NW-2008-09-13-YVR.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/N362NW-2008-09-13-YVR.jpg/440px-N362NW-2008-09-13-YVR.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4058" data-file-height="2442" /></a><figcaption>Northwest Airlines <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A320" class="mw-redirect" title="Airbus A320">Airbus A320</a> landing at <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_International_Airport" title="Vancouver International Airport">Vancouver International Airport</a></figcaption></figure> <p>At the time of the merger with <a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a>, Northwest had a total of 320 aircraft with seven on order. It was also the last U.S. passenger airline to have a dedicated cargo fleet and cargo-only routes. The Northwest fleet was integrated into Delta's fleet on December 31, 2009. </p><p>Northwest operated a mixed fleet of Boeing, McDonnell Douglas, and Airbus aircraft whereas Delta operated just Boeing and McDonnell Douglas aircraft. The Boeing 757 was the only type common to the pre-merger fleets of both Delta and Northwest.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>As part of a major fleet renewal program, Northwest introduced a simplified new paint scheme and logo in 2003. The airline replaced its <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_DC-10" title="McDonnell Douglas DC-10">McDonnell Douglas DC-10</a> airliners with the <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A330" title="Airbus A330">Airbus A330</a>. The first <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A330-300" class="mw-redirect" title="Airbus A330-300">Airbus A330-300</a>, used initially for European flights, arrived on August 6, 2003. Northwest Airlines also possessed the youngest trans-Atlantic fleet of any North American or European airline.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Northwest Airlines also began flying reconfigured <a href="/wiki/Boeing_757" title="Boeing 757">Boeing 757-200</a> airliners on some of its European flights carrying fewer passengers. Northwest was one of only two passenger airlines in the United States to fly the <a href="/wiki/Boeing_747-400" title="Boeing 747-400">Boeing 747-400</a>, the other being <a href="/wiki/United_Airlines" title="United Airlines">United Airlines</a>. A number of Boeing 747-400 aircraft formerly operated by Northwest were then also flown by Delta following the merger of the two air carriers including the first B747-400 ever built with this aircraft currently on public display at the <a href="/wiki/Delta_Flight_Museum" title="Delta Flight Museum">Delta Flight Museum</a> located at <a href="/wiki/Hartsfield-Jackson_Atlanta_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport">Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport</a> (ATL).<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Northwest was looking for manufacturers to discuss the replacement of their 100, 110 and 125 seat <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_DC-9" title="McDonnell Douglas DC-9">McDonnell Douglas DC-9</a> (<a href="/wiki/DC-9-10" class="mw-redirect" title="DC-9-10">DC-9-10</a>, <a href="/wiki/DC-9-30" class="mw-redirect" title="DC-9-30">DC-9-30</a> and <a href="/wiki/DC-9-50" class="mw-redirect" title="DC-9-50">DC-9-50</a>) aircraft, with an average age of 35 years.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cabin">Cabin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Cabin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In March 1988, Northwest Airlines announced that it would ban smoking on all flights within North America, effective April 23, 1988, on the same day that a rule from the U.S. federal government prohibiting smoking on all domestic flights of a duration of two hours or fewer, would take into effect. Northwest was the first major U.S. airline to enact a smoking ban since the <a href="/wiki/Muse_Air" title="Muse Air">Muse Air</a> had ended its four-year smoking ban in 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_Business_Class">World Business Class</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: World Business Class"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>World Business Class was Northwest Airlines' international <a href="/wiki/Business_class" title="Business class">business class</a> product. It was offered on all widebody aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Seats had 60 inches of pitch and 176 degrees of recline. Passengers aboard this class received free meals and refreshments, including alcoholic beverages. All seats were equipped with Audio-Video-On-Demand (<a href="/wiki/AVOD" class="mw-redirect" title="AVOD">AVOD</a>), universal power ports, a moveable reading light, a folding work table, and a swivel cocktail table. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Domestic_First_Class">Domestic First Class</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Domestic First Class"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2008-0623-NWAdinner.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/2008-0623-NWAdinner.jpg/220px-2008-0623-NWAdinner.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/2008-0623-NWAdinner.jpg/330px-2008-0623-NWAdinner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/2008-0623-NWAdinner.jpg/440px-2008-0623-NWAdinner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2708" data-file-height="1660" /></a><figcaption>Typical dinner served in Domestic First Class</figcaption></figure><p> First Class was offered on all narrowbody aircraft, as well as CRJ-900 Northwest Airlink flights operated by Mesaba Airlines and E175 flights operated by Compass Airlines. Seats ranged from 19.5 to 21.5 inches wide, and had between 34 and 37 inches of pitch. Passengers aboard this class received complimentary meals, refreshments, and alcoholic beverages. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_Economy_Class">International Economy Class</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: International Economy Class"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Economy Class was offered on all widebody aircraft. Seats ranged from 17 to 17.5 inches wide, and had between 31 and 34 inches of pitch. Passengers aboard this class received free meals, snacks, and non-alcoholic beverages. Beer and wine were complimentary on international flights with complimentary meals, other alcoholic beverages could be purchased for a fee. </p><p>Passengers aboard Airbus A330 aircraft also had an Audio-Video-On-Demand (<a href="/wiki/AVOD" class="mw-redirect" title="AVOD">AVOD</a>) system located in the seatback in front of them, and passengers seated in rows 10–23 (A330-200) or rows 10–28 (A330-300) had a universal power-port located below their seat. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Domestic_Economy_Class">Domestic Economy Class</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Domestic Economy Class"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Economy Class was offered on all narrowbody aircraft. Seats ranged from 17 to 17.5 inches wide and had between 30 and 34 inches of pitch, the same as on international economy class. Passengers aboard this class received free refreshments. In latter years in lieu of complimentary prepared meals, snack boxes, sandwiches (on select flights), and light snacks were available for purchase as part of a <a href="/wiki/Buy_on_board" title="Buy on board">buy on board</a> program.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alcoholic beverages were also sold. </p><p>Before 2008, Northwest Airlines was the only major U.S. airline (aside from low-cost, short-haul <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Airlines" title="Southwest Airlines">Southwest Airlines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allegiant_Air" title="Allegiant Air">Allegiant Air</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spirit_Airlines" title="Spirit Airlines">Spirit Airlines</a>) to not offer any in-flight entertainment within North America (including Alaska). Although several of the airline's domestic aircraft were originally equipped with in-flight entertainment systems, these were removed in 2005 to cut costs. <a href="/wiki/US_Airways" title="US Airways">US Airways</a> implemented a similar initiative in 2008. On flights between <a href="/wiki/Honolulu_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Honolulu International Airport">Honolulu International Airport</a> and <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis-Saint_Paul_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport">Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport</a>, passengers experienced the same cabin as International Economy Class aboard Airbus A330 aircraft. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="WorldPerks">WorldPerks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: WorldPerks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NWA_WorldPerks_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/NWA_WorldPerks_logo.png/150px-NWA_WorldPerks_logo.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/NWA_WorldPerks_logo.png 1.5x" data-file-width="174" data-file-height="78" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Northwest Airlines' <a href="/wiki/Frequent-flyer_program" title="Frequent-flyer program">frequent-flyer program</a>, <i>WorldPerks</i>, offered regular travelers the ability to obtain free tickets, First Class upgrades on flights, discounted membership for its airport lounges (<a href="/wiki/Northwest_WorldClub" class="mw-redirect" title="Northwest WorldClub">WorldClubs</a>), or other types of rewards. Customers could accumulate miles from actual flight segments flown or through Northwest's partners, such as car rental companies, hotels, credit cards, and other vendors. WorldPerks' elite tiers were Silver Elite, Gold Elite, and Platinum Elite which allowed for more mileage bonuses, priority waitlists and standby, and other benefits. Over the years, some details of the program changed, such as introducing capacity-controlled awards (only a certain number of seats allocated for free travel), expiration of account after three years of inactivity, a requirement of a <a href="/wiki/Saturday-night_stay" title="Saturday-night stay">Saturday-night stay</a> for domestic coach awards, waiving of capacity controls for awards but requiring double the number of miles for redemption, and adding several partner airlines for mileage accumulation and award redemption.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original name of the WorldPerks program was the Northwest Orient Airlines Free Flight Plan, which began in 1981.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original program used paper coupons and gave credit for flight segments. Upon renaming the program to "WorldPerks" in 1986, a mileage-based system was used. </p><p>In addition to its <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlink" title="Northwest Airlink">Northwest Airlink</a> and <a href="/wiki/SkyTeam" title="SkyTeam">SkyTeam</a> alliance partnerships, Northwest offered frequent flyer partnerships with the following airlines:<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_French_Polynesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_French_Polynesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_French_Polynesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_French_Polynesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_French_Polynesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_French_Polynesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Air_Tahiti_Nui" title="Air Tahiti Nui">Air Tahiti Nui</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Airlines" title="Alaska Airlines">Alaska Airlines</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/American_Eagle_(airline_brand)" title="American Eagle (airline brand)">American Eagle</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(California routes only)</span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cebu_Pacific" title="Cebu Pacific">Cebu Pacific</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(temporarily suspended)</span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/China_Airlines" title="China Airlines">China Airlines</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/China_Eastern_Airlines" title="China Eastern Airlines">China Eastern Airlines</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Continental_Airlines" title="Continental Airlines">Continental Airlines</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(discontinued after Continental left SkyTeam on October 24, 2009)</span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Garuda_Indonesia" title="Garuda Indonesia">Garuda Indonesia</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(temporarily suspended)</span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gulfstream_International_Airlines" title="Gulfstream International Airlines">Gulfstream International Airlines</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Airlines" title="Hawaiian Airlines">Hawaiian Airlines</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(inter-island and international routes only)</span></li></ul> </td> <td valign="top"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Horizon_Air" title="Horizon Air">Horizon Air</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Japan_Airlines" title="Japan Airlines">Japan Airlines</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jet_Airways" title="Jet Airways">Jet Airways</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jetstar_Asia_Airways" class="mw-redirect" title="Jetstar Asia Airways">Jetstar Asia Airways</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(WorldPerks Asia only)</span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingfisher_Airlines" title="Kingfisher Airlines">Kingfisher Airlines</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kenya_Airways" title="Kenya Airways">Kenya Airways</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia_Airlines" title="Malaysia Airlines">Malaysia Airlines</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mal%C3%A9v_Hungarian_Airlines" title="Malév Hungarian Airlines">Malév Hungarian Airlines</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Midwest_Airlines" title="Midwest Airlines">Midwest Airlines</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Thai_AirAsia" title="Thai AirAsia">Thai AirAsia</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(WorldPerks Asia only)</span></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Northwest also offered frequent flyer partnerships with the following car rental agencies:<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alamo_Rent_A_Car" class="mw-redirect" title="Alamo Rent A Car">Alamo Rent A Car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avis_Rent_A_Car" class="mw-redirect" title="Avis Rent A Car">Avis Rent A Car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budget_Rent_A_Car" class="mw-redirect" title="Budget Rent A Car">Budget Rent A Car</a><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dollar_Rent_A_Car" title="Dollar Rent A Car">Dollar Rent A Car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hertz_Rent_A_Car" class="mw-redirect" title="Hertz Rent A Car">Hertz Rent A Car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Car_Rental" title="National Car Rental">National Car Rental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrifty_Car_Rental" title="Thrifty Car Rental">Thrifty Car Rental</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="WorldClubs">WorldClubs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: WorldClubs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NWA_WorldClubs_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/NWA_WorldClubs_logo.png/150px-NWA_WorldClubs_logo.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/NWA_WorldClubs_logo.png 1.5x" data-file-width="155" data-file-height="37" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><i>WorldClubs</i> was Northwest's member lounge. Members had reciprocal access to a number of other clubs, including fellow <a href="/wiki/SkyTeam" title="SkyTeam">SkyTeam</a> carriers such as <a href="/wiki/KLM" title="KLM">KLM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Air_France" title="Air France">Air France</a>. Northwest also had partnerships with various other airline lounges on an airport-by-airport basis. Unlike some other airline lounges, WorldClubs offered free alcoholic beverages in domestic locations and <a href="/wiki/Tokyo-Narita" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokyo-Narita">Tokyo-Narita</a>. Northwest also offered free <a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi" title="Wi-Fi">Wi-Fi</a> internet access worldwide. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Locations">Locations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Locations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following airports had Northwest Airlines WorldClub locations: </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nwaworldclub.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Nwaworldclub.jpg/220px-Nwaworldclub.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Nwaworldclub.jpg/330px-Nwaworldclub.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Nwaworldclub.jpg/440px-Nwaworldclub.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Northwest WorldClub Chicago O’Hare International Airport Terminal 2</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Logan_International_Airport" title="Logan International Airport">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_O%27Hare" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago O'Hare">Chicago O'Hare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Metropolitan_Wayne_County_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport">Detroit</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honolulu_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Honolulu International Airport">Honolulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Heathrow_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="London Heathrow International Airport">London (Heathrow)</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/SkyTeam" title="SkyTeam">SkyTeam</a> Lounge)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_International_Airport" title="Los Angeles International Airport">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninoy_Aquino_International_Airport" title="Ninoy Aquino International Airport">Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis_International_Airport" title="Memphis International Airport">Memphis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Mitchell_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="General Mitchell International Airport">Milwaukee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis-Saint_Paul_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport">Minneapolis-St. Paul</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newark_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Newark International Airport">Newark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaGuardia_Airport" title="LaGuardia Airport">New York (La Guardia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland_International_Airport" title="Portland International Airport">Portland, OR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_International_Airport" title="San Francisco International Airport">San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seattle/Tacoma" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle/Tacoma">Seattle/Tacoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Narita_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokyo Narita International Airport">Tokyo (Narita)</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Dulles_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Dulles International Airport">Washington (Dulles)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_Washington_National_Airport" title="Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport">Washington (Reagan)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Incidents_and_accidents">Incidents and accidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Incidents and accidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fatal_accidents">Fatal accidents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Fatal accidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following are major incidents and accidents that occurred on Northwest's <a href="/wiki/Mainline_(aeronautics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mainline (aeronautics)">mainline</a> aircraft. </p> <table class="sortable toccolours" border="1" cellpadding="3" style="border-collapse:collapse; margin: 1em auto;"> <caption><b>Northwest Airlines Reported Incidents</b> </caption> <tbody><tr style="background:lightblue;"> <th rowspan="2">Flight </th> <th rowspan="2">Date </th> <th rowspan="2">Aircraft </th> <th rowspan="2">Location </th> <th rowspan="2">Description </th> <th colspan="5">Casualties </th></tr> <tr style="background:lightblue;"> <th>Fatal </th> <th>Serious </th> <th>Minor </th> <th>Uninjured </th> <th>Ground </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_2" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 2">2</a> </td> <td>January 10, 1938 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_14_Super_Electra" title="Lockheed Model 14 Super Electra">Lockheed<br />Model 14</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bozeman" class="mw-redirect" title="Bozeman">Bozeman</a>, Montana </td> <td>Crashed in the <a href="/wiki/Bridger_Mountains_(Montana)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bridger Mountains (Montana)">Bridger Mountains</a>, 12 mi (19 km) northeast of Bozeman, Montana. This was the airline's first fatal crash. Three other Lockheed Model 14 aircraft belonging to Northwest crashed over the next thirteen months. </td> <td>10 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_5_(1941)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 5 (1941)">5</a> </td> <td>October 30, 1941 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-3" title="Douglas DC-3">Douglas DC-3</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moorhead,_Minnesota" title="Moorhead, Minnesota">Moorhead</a>, Minnesota </td> <td>The plane crashed in fog and mist due to icing on the wings. Fourteen of the fifteen passengers were killed in the crash. The pilot, Clarence Bates, was thrown clear of the wreckage and was the lone survivor.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>14 </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_4422" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 4422">4422</a> </td> <td>March 12, 1948 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-4" title="Douglas DC-4">Douglas DC-4</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mount_Sanford_(Alaska)" title="Mount Sanford (Alaska)">Mount Sanford</a>, Alaska </td> <td>Flight 4422 was a military charter en route back to the US from <a href="/wiki/Shanghai,_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Shanghai, China">Shanghai, China</a>, and had just refueled at <a href="/wiki/Merrill_Field" title="Merrill Field">Merrill Field</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Anchorage,_Alaska" title="Anchorage, Alaska">Anchorage, Alaska</a>, before continuing on toward <a href="/wiki/LaGuardia_Airport" title="LaGuardia Airport">LaGuardia Airport</a> where the flight was to be concluded. The aircraft veered 23 miles off course and struck a mountain during a snowstorm. The snowstorms quickly buried the aircraft in a mountain glacier. </td> <td>30 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_421" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 421">421</a><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>August 29, 1948 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Martin_202" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin 202">Martin 202</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Winona,_Minnesota" title="Winona, Minnesota">Winona</a>, Minnesota </td> <td>Northwest 421 was flying a scheduled domestic route from Chicago-<a href="/wiki/Minneapolis-St._Paul" class="mw-redirect" title="Minneapolis-St. Paul">Minneapolis-St. Paul</a> when it crashed about 4.1 mi (6.6 km) NW of Winona, Minnesota, after entering the leading edge of a thunderstorm. Pieces of the plane were seen falling, and the plane was found on a bluff on the east side of the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a>. The cause of the crash was the fatigue of the left-wing, causing it to separate from the plane and precipitating the plunge. </td> <td>37 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6427<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>October 27, 1948 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-4" title="Douglas DC-4">Douglas DC-4</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Edmonton" title="Edmonton">Edmonton</a>, Alberta </td> <td>Flight 6427 was on a special cargo trip flying <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis-St._Paul" class="mw-redirect" title="Minneapolis-St. Paul">Minneapolis-St. Paul</a>–<a href="/wiki/Edmonton" title="Edmonton">Edmonton</a>–<a href="/wiki/Merrill_Field" title="Merrill Field">Anchorage (Merrill Field)</a>–Tokyo when it crashed into a wooded area 34.4 mi (55.4 km) N of Edmonton soon after takeoff. The investigation revealed that the captain had feathered the propellers in simulation to instruct the copilot on emergency procedures. This was determined to be the primary cause of the crash. </td> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td>3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Orient_Airlines_Flight_307" title="Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 307">307</a><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>March 7, 1950 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Martin_202" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin 202">Martin 202</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis</a>, Minnesota </td> <td>Flight 307 was operating a domestically scheduled passenger flight routing Washington, DC–<a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a>–<a href="/wiki/Madison,_WI" class="mw-redirect" title="Madison, WI">Madison</a>–<a href="/wiki/Rochester,_MN" class="mw-redirect" title="Rochester, MN">Rochester</a>–<a href="/wiki/Minneapolis-St._Paul" class="mw-redirect" title="Minneapolis-St. Paul">Minneapolis-St. Paul</a>–<a href="/wiki/Winnipeg" title="Winnipeg">Winnipeg</a> crashed just before landing at Minneapolis, after deciding not to land at Rochester due to weather. The plane struck a flagpole at the National Soldiers Cemetery. The plane continued flying for another 3.8 mi (6.1 km) when the left-wing separated and fell. The plane crashed into a house, and both were engulfed in flames. The cause of the crash was determined to be the loss of visual reference to the ground due to the snow falling at the time. </td> <td>13 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Orient_Airlines_Flight_2501" title="Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 2501">2501</a> </td> <td>June 23, 1950 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-4" title="Douglas DC-4">Douglas DC-4</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lake_Michigan" title="Lake Michigan">Lake Michigan</a> </td> <td>Northwest 2501 was lost over Lake Michigan during a flight from <a href="/wiki/New_York,_NY" class="mw-redirect" title="New York, NY">New York's</a> <a href="/wiki/LaGuardia_Airport" title="LaGuardia Airport">LaGuardia Airport</a> to <a href="/wiki/Seattle-Tacoma_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle-Tacoma International Airport">Seattle, WA</a>. The aircraft went off radar and a widespread search was conducted. Some debris, upholstery, and human remains were found floating on the surface, but divers were unable to locate the plane's wreckage. </td> <td>58 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N/A<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>October 13, 1950 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Martin_202" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin 202">Martin 202</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Almelund,_Minnesota" title="Almelund, Minnesota">Almelund</a>, Minnesota </td> <td>This flight was intended to be a training flight originating and ending at <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis-St._Paul_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport">Minneapolis-St. Paul</a>. The reversal of the right propeller during the flight caused the plane to spin out of control and crash, killing all on board. </td> <td>6 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>115<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>November 7, 1950 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Martin_202" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin 202">Martin 202</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Butte,_Montana" title="Butte, Montana">Butte</a>, Montana </td> <td>Flight 115 was flying a scheduled route of Chicago–<a href="/wiki/Minneapolis/St._Paul" class="mw-redirect" title="Minneapolis/St. Paul">Minneapolis/St. Paul</a>–<a href="/wiki/Billings" class="mw-redirect" title="Billings">Billings</a>–<a href="/wiki/Great_Falls,_Montana" title="Great Falls, Montana">Great Falls</a>–<a href="/wiki/Helena,_MT" class="mw-redirect" title="Helena, MT">Helena</a>–<a href="/wiki/Butte,_MT" class="mw-redirect" title="Butte, MT">Butte</a>–<a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a> when it crashed 3.1 mi (5.0 km) E of Butte while landing. The plane crashed into the eastern slope of a ridge. The cause of the crash was improperly followed approach procedures. </td> <td>21 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>115<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>January 16, 1951 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Martin_202" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin 202">Martin 202</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Reardan" class="mw-redirect" title="Reardan">Reardan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td>Flight 115 (which was the same designation as the previous accident) was on the scheduled route of <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis-St._Paul" class="mw-redirect" title="Minneapolis-St. Paul">Minneapolis-St. Paul</a>–<a href="/wiki/Billings" class="mw-redirect" title="Billings">Billings</a>–<a href="/wiki/Kalispell" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalispell">Kalispell</a>–<a href="/wiki/Spokane" class="mw-redirect" title="Spokane">Spokane</a>–<a href="/wiki/Wenatchee" class="mw-redirect" title="Wenatchee">Wenatchee</a>–<a href="/wiki/Yakima" class="mw-redirect" title="Yakima">Yakima</a>–<a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a> when it crashed about 11.9 mi (19.2 km) W of Reardan after the captain decided not to land at Wenatchee but proceed to Yakima due to weather. An emergency message from the plane was heard briefly 15 seconds after the clearance was given. The cause of the crash is not known. </td> <td>10 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>324<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>January 19, 1952 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-54" class="mw-redirect" title="Douglas C-54">Douglas C-54</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sandspit,_British_Columbia" title="Sandspit, British Columbia">Sandspit</a>, British Columbia </td> <td>Flight 324 was flying a nonscheduled flight originating in Tokyo, ending at <a href="/wiki/McChord_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="McChord Air Force Base">McChord Air Force Base</a> with intermediate stops in <a href="/wiki/Shemya" title="Shemya">Shemya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anchorage" class="mw-redirect" title="Anchorage">Anchorage</a> (<a href="/wiki/Elmendorf_Air_Force_Base" title="Elmendorf Air Force Base">Elmendorf Air Force Base</a>). While opposite <a href="/wiki/Sitka,_Alaska" title="Sitka, Alaska">Sitka, Alaska</a>, the No. 1 propeller was feathered by the captain, who requested a diversion to Sandspit. As the plane was landing, it touched down about a third of the way down the runway; at around the midpoint, power was applied and the plane took off, but it stalled due to the steep climb and plunged into the water at the end of the runway. The cause of the crash was the icing that prevented the pilot from retracting the nose gear. </td> <td>36 </td> <td>7 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Orient_Airlines_Flight_2" title="Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 2">2</a> </td> <td>April 2, 1956 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Boeing_Stratocruiser" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing Stratocruiser">Boeing Stratocruiser</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Puget_Sound" title="Puget Sound">Puget Sound</a>, Washington </td> <td>Flight 2 crashed after takeoff from <a href="/wiki/Seattle-Tacoma_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle-Tacoma International Airport">Seattle-Tacoma International Airport</a> on a flight to <a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a>, Chicago and New York City. The pilots ditched the aircraft into Puget Sound, 5.4 mi (8.7 km) off Seattle. </td> <td>5 </td> <td> </td> <td>2 </td> <td>31 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Orient_Airlines_Flight_710" title="Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 710">710</a> </td> <td>March 17, 1960 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-188_Electra" title="Lockheed L-188 Electra">Lockheed L-188 Electra</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cannelton,_Indiana" title="Cannelton, Indiana">Cannelton</a>, Indiana </td> <td>Flight 710 was en route to <a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a> from Chicago when the aircraft lost a wing at approximately 18,000 feet near <a href="/wiki/Tell_City,_Indiana" title="Tell City, Indiana">Tell City, Indiana</a>. </td> <td>63 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1–11<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>July 14, 1960 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-7" title="Douglas DC-7">Douglas DC-7</a> </td> <td>Pacific Ocean near <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a>, Philippines </td> <td>Northwest 1–11 was flying from New York City to Manila, Philippines, with stops in <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anchorage" class="mw-redirect" title="Anchorage">Anchorage</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cold_Bay_Airport" title="Cold Bay Airport">Cold Bay</a>), Tokyo, and <a href="/wiki/Okinawa_Prefecture" title="Okinawa Prefecture">Okinawa</a>. The plane was on its final leg between Okinawa and Manila when the No. 2 engine experienced power loss. The propeller then separated from the plane and hit the fuselage, slashing a 15-inch hole. The pilot decided to ditch the plane in the Pacific Ocean about 77.5 mi (124.7 km) NE of Manila. Upon impact, the rear of the plane separated as well as the engines and right-wing. The majority of the survivors used the right-wing, which floated for three hours, as a life raft until rescue came. </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td>58 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>104<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>October 28, 1960 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-54" class="mw-redirect" title="Douglas C-54">Douglas C-54</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missoula" class="mw-redirect" title="Missoula">Missoula</a>, Montana </td> <td>Flight 104 was flying from Spokane to Missoula when it crashed about 20 miles (<span class="nowrap">30 km</span>) W of Missoula in the <a href="/wiki/Clark_Fork_(river)" class="mw-redirect" title="Clark Fork (river)">Clark Fork Valley</a>. The plane was seen making a steep left banking turn with nose up; the plane continued rolling and crashed inverted. The crash was attributed to pilot error. </td> <td>12 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Orient_Airlines_Flight_706" title="Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 706">706</a><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>September 16, 1961 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-188_Electra" title="Lockheed L-188 Electra">Lockheed L-188 Electra</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, Illinois </td> <td>Flight 706 was on a routine flight from <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee</a> to <a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a>, with stops in Chicago, <a href="/wiki/Tampa" class="mw-redirect" title="Tampa">Tampa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ft._Lauderdale" class="mw-redirect" title="Ft. Lauderdale">Ft. Lauderdale</a>. While departing from Chicago, the plane banked to the right and gradually descended until hitting the ground. The cause of the crash was mechanical failure of the ailerons. </td> <td>37 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Orient_Airlines_Flight_705" title="Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 705">705</a><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="anchor" id="Flight_705"></span> </td> <td>February 12, 1963 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Boeing_720" title="Boeing 720">Boeing 720</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida_Everglades" class="mw-redirect" title="Florida Everglades">Florida Everglades</a> </td> <td>Flight 705, flying from <a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a> to Chicago crashed in the Florida Everglades approximately 37 miles (<span class="nowrap">60 km</span>) SW of <a href="/wiki/Miami_International_Airport" title="Miami International Airport">Miami International Airport</a> while diverting to avoid bad weather. The cause of the crash was an unrecoverable loss of control due to severe turbulence. </td> <td>43 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_293" class="mw-redirect" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 293">293</a><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>June 3, 1963 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-7" title="Douglas DC-7">Douglas DC-7</a> </td> <td>Pacific Ocean<br />near <a href="/wiki/Annette_Island,_Alaska" class="mw-redirect" title="Annette Island, Alaska">Annette Island, Alaska</a> </td> <td>Flight 293 was flying a <a href="/wiki/Military_Air_Transport_Service" title="Military Air Transport Service">Military Air Transport Service</a> (MATS) flight from <a href="/wiki/McChord_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="McChord Air Force Base">McChord Air Force Base</a> outside <a href="/wiki/Tacoma,_Washington" title="Tacoma, Washington">Tacoma, Washington</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Elmendorf_Air_Force_Base" title="Elmendorf Air Force Base">Elmendorf Air Force Base</a> outside <a href="/wiki/Anchorage,_Alaska" title="Anchorage, Alaska">Anchorage, Alaska</a>. While in flight, contact was lost. Floating debris from the plane was located 182.5 mi (293.7 km) WSW of Annette Island. The cause of the crash was never determined. </td> <td>101 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_6231" class="mw-redirect" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 6231">6231</a><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>December 1, 1974 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Boeing_727" title="Boeing 727">Boeing 727</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stony_Point,_New_York" title="Stony Point, New York">Stony Point</a>, New York </td> <td>Flight 6231 was flying on a ferry flight from <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_International_Airport" title="John F. Kennedy International Airport">John F. Kennedy International Airport</a> to <a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo</a> when it crashed in the vicinity of Stony Point. As the plane was cleared to climb, the airspeed and rate of climb increased, until the plane stalled and descended out of control into a wooded area. The cause of the crash was loss of control because "the flight crew failed to realize and correct the aircraft's high-angle-of-attack, low-speed stall and descending spiral". </td> <td>3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>608<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>January 20, 1983 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Boeing_727" title="Boeing 727">Boeing 727</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portland_International_Airport" title="Portland International Airport">Portland, Oregon</a> </td> <td>Flight 608 was en route from <a href="/wiki/Seattle%E2%80%93Tacoma_International_Airport" title="Seattle–Tacoma International Airport">Seattle, Washington</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a>, when it was hijacked. The man informed a flight attendant that he had a bomb and demanded to be taken to <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>. Landing in Portland to refuel, the hijacker negotiated with airport authorities. Federal agents stormed the aircraft. The hijacker threw the box he claimed had a bomb at the agents, who shot and killed him. The box contained no explosives. </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>40 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_255" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 255">255</a> </td> <td>August 16, 1987 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_MD-80" title="McDonnell Douglas MD-80">McDonnell-Douglas MD-82</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Metropolitan_Wayne_County_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport">Romulus, Michigan</a> </td> <td>Flight 255 crashed on takeoff from <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Metropolitan_Wayne_County_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport">Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport</a>. All but one aboard the MD-82 died. The cause of the crash was attempted takeoff with the wrong configuration due to pilot mismanagement of the aircraft. </td> <td>154 </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_1482" class="mw-redirect" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 1482">1482</a><sup id="cite_ref-ntsb.gov_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ntsb.gov-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>December 3, 1990 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-9" class="mw-redirect" title="Douglas DC-9">Douglas DC-9</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Metropolitan_Wayne_County_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport">Romulus, Michigan</a> </td> <td>Flight 1482, a DC-9-14 departing for <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a> collided with Flight 299, a Boeing 727-200, departing for <a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis</a> at Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport near the intersection of runways 09/27 and 03C/21C in dense fog. The 727 had begun its takeoff roll, and the DC-9 had just taxied onto the active runway. None of the 146 passengers and 10 crew members aboard the 727 were injured, but the DC-9 sustained serious damage. </td> <td>8 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>26 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_1482" class="mw-redirect" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 1482">299</a><sup id="cite_ref-ntsb.gov_96-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ntsb.gov-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>December 3, 1990 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Boeing_727" title="Boeing 727">Boeing 727</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Metropolitan_Wayne_County_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport">Romulus, Michigan</a> </td> <td>Involved in collision with Flight 1482 detailed in the previous line. </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>156 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="background:lightblue;"> <th colspan="3"><b>Total casualties</b> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Fatal </td> <td>Serious </td> <td>Minor </td> <td>Uninjured </td> <td>Ground </td></tr> <tr style="background:lightblue;"> <th colspan="3">(20 incidents) </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>620 </td> <td>18 </td> <td>89 </td> <td>187 </td> <td>4 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-fatal_accidents_and_incidents">Non-fatal accidents and incidents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Non-fatal accidents and incidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="vevent">October 22, 1962<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1962-10-22</span>)</span>: <span class="summary">A DC-7 with 7 crew and 95 passengers<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> made a successful water landing in <a href="/wiki/Sitka_Sound" title="Sitka Sound">Sitka Sound</a>. The military charter flight was en route to <a href="/wiki/Elmendorf_Air_Force_Base" title="Elmendorf Air Force Base">Elmendorf Air Force Base</a> from <a href="/wiki/McChord_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="McChord Air Force Base">McChord Air Force Base</a> and, prior to the ditching at just before 1 p.m. local time, the crew had been struggling with a propeller problem for about 45 minutes.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plane stayed afloat for 24 minutes after coming to rest in the water, giving the occupants ample time to evacuate into life-rafts. Only 6 minor injuries were reported; all passengers and crew were quickly rescued by U.S. Coast Guard ships.<sup id="cite_ref-102_Saved_As_Plane_Ditches_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102_Saved_As_Plane_Ditches-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The accident report called the ditching "an outstanding feat," citing several key factors in this water landing's success: pilots' skill, ideal conditions (calm seas, favorable weather, daylight), time to prepare for the ditching and the military passengers' ease with following orders.</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pilots who flew over the scene also praised the Northwest crew, calling it the "...finest ditching they had ever seen..." .<sup id="cite_ref-102_Saved_As_Plane_Ditches_99-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102_Saved_As_Plane_Ditches-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="vevent">July 1, 1968<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1968-07-01</span>)</span>: <span class="summary"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines_Flight_714&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 714 (page does not exist)">Northwest Airlines Flight 714</a> was hijacked to Cuba.</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="vevent">January 22, 1971<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1971-01-22</span>)</span>: <span class="summary"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines_Flight_433&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 433 (page does not exist)">Northwest Airlines Flight 433</a> was hijacked en route from <a href="/wiki/General_Mitchell_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="General Mitchell International Airport">Milwaukee</a> to <a href="/wiki/Detroit,_Michigan" class="mw-redirect" title="Detroit, Michigan">Detroit, Michigan</a>. The hijacker demanded to be taken to <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> but the plane landed in Cuba instead.</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="vevent">November 24, 1971<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1971-11-24</span>)</span>: <span class="summary">Northwest Airlines Flight 305, en route from <a href="/wiki/Portland_International_Airport" title="Portland International Airport">Portland International Airport</a> to <a href="/wiki/Seattle%E2%80%93Tacoma_International_Airport" title="Seattle–Tacoma International Airport">Seattle–Tacoma International Airport</a>, was hijacked by <a href="/wiki/D._B._Cooper" title="D. B. Cooper">D. B. Cooper</a>. After receiving a $200,000 ransom payment and four parachutes in Seattle, he ordered the crew to fly to Mexico, and he jumped from the aft <a href="/wiki/Airstair" title="Airstair">airstairs</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Boeing_727" title="Boeing 727">Boeing 727-051</a> while it was in flight over <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a>. The aircraft later landed safely in <a href="/wiki/Reno/Tahoe_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Reno/Tahoe International Airport">Reno, Nevada</a>, but Cooper's fate remains unknown.</span></span></li> <li><span class="vevent">May 8, 1977<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1977-05-08</span>)</span>: <span class="summary">Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 22, a Boeing 747 en route from Tokyo to Honolulu, was hijacked by a passenger who held a razor to a flight attendant's throat and demanded to be flown to Moscow. The flight's <a href="/wiki/Purser" title="Purser">purser</a> subdued the hijacker with a fire ax. The flight returned to Tokyo so the hijacker's injuries could be treated; no other injuries were reported.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></span></li> <li><span class="vevent">January 4, 1990<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1990-01-04</span>)</span>: <span class="summary">The right-hand engine fell off of Northwest Airlines Flight 5, <span class="nowrap">Boeing 727</span> registration N2280, en route from Miami to Minneapolis with 145 passengers and crew.<sup id="cite_ref-N2280_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-N2280-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pilots heard a loud bang; noticing that the aircraft had lost power but not realizing why, they made a safe emergency landing in Tampa, at which point they discovered that the engine was missing. It was found the next day in a field near <a href="/wiki/Madison,_Florida" title="Madison, Florida">Madison, Florida</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The accident was attributed to lavatory seals in the forward fuselage that had been improperly installed by airline technicians; when the cabin was <a href="/wiki/Cabin_pressurization" title="Cabin pressurization">pressurized</a>, lavatory fluid was forced through the seals and ingested by the engine, damaging the compressor blades.<sup id="cite_ref-N2280_105-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-N2280-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></span></li> <li><span class="vevent">March 8, 1990<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1990-03-08</span>)</span>: <span class="summary">A Northwest Airlines Boeing 727 carrying 91 passengers flew from <a href="/wiki/Fargo,_North_Dakota" title="Fargo, North Dakota">Fargo, North Dakota</a>, to Minneapolis with both pilots and the <a href="/wiki/Flight_engineer" title="Flight engineer">flight engineer</a> legally drunk. All three men were subsequently fired and had their licenses revoked by the FAA.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></span></li> <li><span class="vevent">January 2, 1999<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1999-01-02</span>)</span>: <span class="summary">(-Jan 3) due to bad weather and blizzards passengers were stranded on aircraft at Detroit for periods up to 8½ hours. An official inquiry found "... [the delays] were serious and indicate that this event had important implications for passenger safety. Moreover, even if the well being of passengers had not been an issue, the review team believes that the stranding of passengers on aircraft queued on taxiways for up to 8½ hours invites more serious problems and is simply unacceptable. None of the other airlines serving Detroit experienced ground delays approaching the magnitude of Northwest's delays."<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Subsequently, passengers brought various legal claims against the carrier including false imprisonment and negligence and obtained a $7.1 million settlement.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></span></li> <li><span class="vevent">March 17, 2001<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2001-03-17</span>)</span>: <span class="summary">Northwest Airlines Flight 985, an Airbus A320 registered N357NW with 144 passengers and 6 crew, was taking off from runway 3C at <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Metropolitan_Wayne_County_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport">Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport</a> when the nose lifted off the runway prematurely without control input from the pilots. The captain applied forward <a href="/wiki/Control_stick" class="mw-redirect" title="Control stick">control stick</a> to push the nose back down, but it lifted off again when he released stick pressure. Fearing that the plane might be uncontrollable in flight, the captain initiated a <a href="/wiki/Rejected_takeoff" title="Rejected takeoff">rejected takeoff</a>, but the plane briefly became airborne, sustained a <a href="/wiki/Hard_landing" title="Hard landing">hard landing</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Tailstrike" title="Tailstrike">tailstrike</a>, and overran the runway, coming to rest in a muddy field 400 ft (120 m) past the threshold. Three passengers reported minor injuries from the accident and ensuing emergency evacuation. The accident was attributed to <a href="/wiki/Pilot-induced_oscillation" title="Pilot-induced oscillation">pilot-induced oscillations</a> during the takeoff and the delay in aborting the takeoff; contributing factors were incorrect <a href="/wiki/Trim_tab" title="Trim tab">trim tab</a> settings by the <a href="/wiki/First_officer_(aviation)" title="First officer (aviation)">first officer</a>, which the captain failed to notice during preflight checks, and a wet runway.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></span></li> <li><span class="vevent">October 9, 2002<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2002-10-09</span>)</span>: <span class="summary"><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_85" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 85">Northwest Airlines Flight 85</a>, a Boeing 747-400, experienced a lower rudder hardover during cruise. The crew declared an emergency and diverted the airplane to <a href="/wiki/Ted_Stevens_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Ted Stevens International Airport">Ted Stevens International Airport</a> in Anchorage, Alaska.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></span></li> <li><span class="vevent">June 19, 2004<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2004-06-19</span>)</span>: <span class="summary">pilots mistakenly landed at <a href="/wiki/Ellsworth_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ellsworth AFB">Ellsworth AFB</a> instead of the nearby <a href="/wiki/Rapid_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Rapid City">Rapid City</a> airport. Passengers aboard were asked to close their window shades by <a href="/wiki/US_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="US Air Force">US Air Force</a> security personnel.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></span></li> <li><span class="vevent">May 10, 2005<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2005-05-10</span>)</span>: <span class="summary">a Northwest Airlines DC-9 collided on the ground with a Northwest Airlines Airbus A319 that had just pushed back from the gate at <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis-Saint_Paul_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport">Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport</a>. The DC-9 suffered a malfunction in one of its hydraulic systems in flight. After landing, the captain shut down one of the plane's engines, inadvertently disabling the remaining working hydraulic system. Six people were injured and both planes were substantially damaged.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Airbus A319 was later repaired and is currently in service with <a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a> as of December 2022.</span></span></li> <li><span class="vevent">June 19, 2005<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2005-06-19</span>)</span>: <span class="summary">at 0435 in the morning Tehran local time, Northwest Airlines Flight 41, Ship No. 1243, operating from <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a> to <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a> made an emergency landing at the <a href="/wiki/Mehrabad_International_Airport" title="Mehrabad International Airport">Mehrabad International Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a>, Iran. It was the first American air carrier to land in Iran in 26 years, since the <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Revolution">Iranian Revolution</a> in 1979.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></span></li> <li><span class="vevent">August 19, 2005<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2005-08-19</span>)</span>: <span class="summary">a Northwest Airlines 747-200, registration N627US, operating flight NW74 from <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Narita_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokyo Narita Airport">Tokyo Narita Airport</a> landed at <a href="/wiki/Guam_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Guam International Airport">Guam International Airport</a> without its nose gear fully extended. The nose of aircraft made full contact with the runway. Smoke was reported on board and all passengers and crew were evacuated, with only two minor injuries reported.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></span></li> <li><span class="vevent">October 20, 2007<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2007-10-20</span>)</span>: <span class="summary">Northwest Airlines Flight 1432 executed an emergency landing at <a href="/wiki/Hector_International_Airport" title="Hector International Airport">Hector International Airport</a> in Fargo, North Dakota because the nose wheels had jammed in an abnormal position. There were no injuries on board.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></span></li> <li><span class="vevent">February 20, 2009<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2009-02-20</span>)</span>: <span class="summary">Northwest Airlines Flight 2, a Boeing 747-400 flying from <a href="/wiki/Ninoy_Aquino_International_Airport" title="Ninoy Aquino International Airport">Ninoy Aquino International Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a>, Philippines, to <a href="/wiki/Narita_International_Airport" title="Narita International Airport">Narita International Airport</a> near Tokyo, Japan, experienced severe turbulence when descending to Narita. The aircraft, with 408 passengers and 14 crew members aboard, landed safely; however, 50 people were injured; around five were hospitalized.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></span></li> <li><span class="vevent">May 4, 2009<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2009-05-04</span>)</span>: <span class="summary">An Airbus A320-211, registration N311US, operated by Northwest Airlines as flight NW557, experienced a tailstrike resulting in substantial damage upon landing on runway 16L at Denver International Airport, Colorado (DEN). The flight was a regularly scheduled passenger flight which departed from Minneapolis-St. Paul Airport, Minnesota (MSP) at 11:39.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></span></li> <li><span class="vevent">October 21, 2009<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2009-10-21</span>)</span>: <span class="summary"><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_188" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 188">Northwest Airlines Flight 188</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A320" class="mw-redirect" title="Airbus A320">Airbus A320</a>, flying from <a href="/wiki/San_Diego_International_Airport" title="San Diego International Airport">San Diego International Airport</a> to <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis-St_Paul_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Minneapolis-St Paul International Airport">Minneapolis-St Paul International Airport</a> overflew the Minneapolis airport and continued to fly off course by 150 miles, leaving <a href="/wiki/Air_traffic_control" title="Air traffic control">air traffic control</a> to believe that the flight had been hijacked.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pilots originally stated that they were in an argument regarding airline policy and did not notice that they had flown off course,<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but later admitted to using their personal laptop computers at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pilots contacted air traffic control after they realized their mistake and the flight arrived safely in Minneapolis about one hour late. The pilots' commercial flying licenses were subsequently revoked by the FAA.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></span></li> <li><span class="vevent">December 25, 2009<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2009-12-25</span>)</span>: <span class="summary">a <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigerian</a> <a href="/wiki/Al_Qaeda" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Qaeda">al Qaeda</a> member <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_253" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 253">tried to detonate plastic explosives</a> on Northwest Airlines Flight 253, an <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A330" title="Airbus A330">Airbus A330</a> from <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam_Airport_Schiphol" title="Amsterdam Airport Schiphol">Amsterdam</a> to <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Metropolitan_Wayne_County_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport">Detroit</a>, as the plane was landing in Detroit. The device failed to detonate properly, and the suspect suffered third degree burns. Two other passengers incurred minor injuries. The White House said it considered it an attempted terrorist attack.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_airlines_of_the_United_States" title="List of defunct airlines of the United States">List of defunct airlines of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_Flight_Attendants_Association" title="Professional Flight Attendants Association">Professional Flight Attendants Association</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141221080614/http://www.delta.com/help/nw_merger/index.jsp">"Delta and Northwest Integration: Merger Updates"</a>. Delta.com. January 31, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.delta.com/help/nw_merger/index.jsp">the original</a> on December 21, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Delta+and+Northwest+Integration%3A+Merger+Updates&rft.pub=Delta.com&rft.date=2010-01-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.delta.com%2Fhelp%2Fnw_merger%2Findex.jsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080417010009/http://www.nwa.com/features/mergerletter/index.html?intomni=tc.100percentservesV2.hplead">Letter from Northwest</a> Archived April 17, 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702303560204579247953849152692">American Airlines, US Airways Complete Merger</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161111084327/http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702303560204579247953849152692">Archived</a> November 11, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> WSJ.com. Published December 10, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131104015804/http://www.iata.org/ps/publications/wats-passenger-km.htm/">"WATS Scheduled Passenger – Kilometres Flown"</a>. Iata.org. December 4, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iata.org/ps/publications/wats-passenger-km.htm">the original</a> on November 4, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WATS+Scheduled+Passenger+%E2%80%93+Kilometres+Flown&rft.pub=Iata.org&rft.date=2012-12-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iata.org%2Fps%2Fpublications%2Fwats-passenger-km.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131006045913/http://www.iata.org/pressroom/wats/wats_freight_flown.htm">"Scheduled Freight Tonne – Kilometres Flown"</a>. Iata.org. December 4, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iata.org/pressroom/wats/wats_freight_flown.htm">the original</a> on October 6, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Scheduled+Freight+Tonne+%E2%80%93+Kilometres+Flown&rft.pub=Iata.org&rft.date=2012-12-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iata.org%2Fpressroom%2Fwats%2Fwats_freight_flown.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://northwestairlineshistory.org/aircraft/">https://northwestairlineshistory.org/aircraft/</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210809201137/http://northwestairlineshistory.org/aircraft/">Archived</a> August 9, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Airlink and Express operator and aircraft list</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-phx.corporate-ir.net-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-phx.corporate-ir.net_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-phx.corporate-ir.net_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081220005103/http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=88626&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1041567&highlight=">Northwest Airlines Becomes Minority Owner of Midwest Airlines</a> (Midwest Airlines Official Press Release: August 17, 2007)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MSNBCHistorystuff-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MSNBCHistorystuff_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MSNBCHistorystuff_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MSNBCHistorystuff_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MSNBCHistorystuff_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna9344497">Significant events in Northwest's history</a> ." <i><a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a></i> at <i><a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a></i>. September 14, 2005. Retrieved on January 11, 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080120162651/http://www.usps.com/history/his2_5.htm">"Parcel Post"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usps.com/history/his2_5.htm">the original</a> on January 20, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Parcel+Post&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usps.com%2Fhistory%2Fhis2_5.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://airlinefiles.com/historical-events/historic-milestones-item/221-air-mail-scandal.html">"Air Mail Scandal, April 29th 1930 - airlinefiles"</a>. <i>airlinefiles.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190806220144/https://airlinefiles.com/historical-events/historic-milestones-item/221-air-mail-scandal.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 6, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 6,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=airlinefiles.com&rft.atitle=Air+Mail+Scandal%2C+April+29th+1930+-+airlinefiles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fairlinefiles.com%2Fhistorical-events%2Fhistoric-milestones-item%2F221-air-mail-scandal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Montana and the Sky: The Beginning of Aviation in the Land of the Shining Mountains</i> <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Standard_Identification_Number" title="Amazon Standard Identification Number">ASIN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0006BP8GE">B0006BP8GE</a> p. 223</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ward, Paul W. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130131183533/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/baltsun/access/1671611752.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Apr+21,+1934&author=&pub=The+Sun+(1837-1985)&desc=BIG+AIR+LINES+PUT+IN+BIDS+FOR+CARRYING+MAIL&pqatl=google">BIG AIR LINES PUT IN BIDS FOR CARRYING MAIL</a>." <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_(Baltimore)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sun (Baltimore)">The Sun</a></i>. April 21, 1934. Start Page 1, 2 pages. Retrieved on January 11, 2012. "Northwest Airways, Inc., which had a 4.69 percent, slice of the 1933 airmail business, reorganized as the Northwest Airlines, Inc., and bid to- day to[...]"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120320075219/http://airchive.com/html/timetable-and-route-maps/northwest/1939-august-1/6999">"1939 NWA timetable"</a>. Airchive.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://airchive.com/html/timetable-and-route-maps/northwest/1939-august-1/6999#">the original</a> on March 20, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1939+NWA+timetable&rft.pub=Airchive.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fairchive.com%2Fhtml%2Ftimetable-and-route-maps%2Fnorthwest%2F1939-august-1%2F6999%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://northwestairlineshistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/NW-schedule-1948-03-15.pdf">"Northwest Orient Airlines Schedule"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Northwest Airlines History Center</i>. March 15, 1948. Coast-to-Coast - East Bound. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231029131027/https://northwestairlineshistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/NW-schedule-1948-03-15.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on October 29, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2023</span>. <q>page 3 Flights 402, 302, 208 and 416 under Equipment</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Northwest+Airlines+History+Center&rft.atitle=Northwest+Orient+Airlines+Schedule&rft.pages=Coast-to-Coast+-+East+Bound&rft.date=1948-03-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnorthwestairlineshistory.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2018%2F10%2FNW-schedule-1948-03-15.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000604153559/http://www.nwa.com/corpinfo/upclose/1940.shtml">First Commercial Flight from U.S. to Japan: July 15, 1947</a> (Northwest Airlines Website) Archived June 4, 2000.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timetableimages.com/ttimages/complete/nw47/nw47-4.jpg">"1947 timetable"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200805192455/http://www.timetableimages.com/ttimages/complete/nw47/nw47-4.jpg">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1947+timetable&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timetableimages.com%2Fttimages%2Fcomplete%2Fnw47%2Fnw47-4.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.museumofflight.org/agents/corporate_entities/167">"Archives - Organization - Northwest Orient Airlines"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Flight" title="Museum of Flight">Museum of Flight</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231205050657/https://archives.museumofflight.org/agents/corporate_entities/167">Archived</a> from the original on December 5, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Museum+of+Flight&rft.atitle=Archives+-+Organization+-+Northwest+Orient+Airlines&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.museumofflight.org%2Fagents%2Fcorporate_entities%2F167&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lacfac-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lacfac_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=hEEqAAAAIBAJ&sjid=5k0EAAAAIBAJ&pg=6411%2C249706">"Low air coach fares to all these cities"</a>. <i>Pittsburgh Press</i>. (advertisement). January 17, 1956. p. 15. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220617202349/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=hEEqAAAAIBAJ&sjid=5k0EAAAAIBAJ&pg=6411,249706">Archived</a> from the original on June 17, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 17,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pittsburgh+Press&rft.atitle=Low+air+coach+fares+to+all+these+cities&rft.pages=15&rft.date=1956-01-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DhEEqAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3D5k0EAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6411%252C249706&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fb76spk-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fb76spk_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=lSBOAAAAIBAJ&pg=4074%2C805050">"30% savings"</a>. <i>Spokesman-Review</i>. (Spokane, Washington). (advertisement). February 18, 1976. p. 6. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025074450/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=lSBOAAAAIBAJ&pg=4074%2C805050">Archived</a> from the original on October 25, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Spokesman-Review&rft.atitle=30%25+savings&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1976-02-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DlSBOAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D4074%252C805050&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pppgbmkr-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pppgbmkr_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=L8daAAAAIBAJ&pg=6584%2C4728593">"Birth mark"</a>. <i>Pittsburgh Post-Gazette</i>. (advertisement). April 30, 1969. p. 5. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025074454/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=L8daAAAAIBAJ&pg=6584%2C4728593">Archived</a> from the original on October 25, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pittsburgh+Post-Gazette&rft.atitle=Birth+mark&rft.pages=5&rft.date=1969-04-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DL8daAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6584%252C4728593&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://northwestairlineshistory.org">http://northwestairlineshistory.org</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220327010624/http://northwestairlineshistory.org/">Archived</a> March 27, 2022, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Digital Archive, Timetables, January 1, 1960, Northwest Orient Airlines system timetable</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"McCartney, Scott. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/05123/498351.stm">Airline passenger injuries from turbulence decline</a>" (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151016195056/http://old.post-gazette.com/pg/05123/498351.stm">Archive</a>) (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a></i> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Post-Gazette" title="Pittsburgh Post-Gazette">Pittsburgh Post-Gazette</a></i>: May 3, 2005) "But the improvement comes from more than just buckling up. Northwest Airlines has been a pioneer in developing forecasting for turbulence and wind shear, and today Northwest sell its daily "turbulence plot" to several other airlines. Northwest is particularly interested in the issue because it flies so much in mountainous areas."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Handbook of Airline Statistics (biannual CAB publication)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://airchive.com/html/timetable-and-route-maps/northwest/1961-april-30/7005">1961 map</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120320075317/http://airchive.com/html/timetable-and-route-maps/northwest/1961-april-30/7005">Archived</a> March 20, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://airchive.com/html/timetable-and-route-maps/northwest/1974-february-1/7010">1974 map</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roach and Eastwood, 2003, p. 66</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000619144142/http://www.nwa.com/corpinfo/upclose/1980.shtml">Northwest Historical Timeline 1980's</a>." Northwest Airlines. Archived June 19, 2000.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mpr-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mpr_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Moylan, Martin (October 30, 2008) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2008/01/09/nwa_history/">Northwest Airlines – a look back at its long history</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110629023208/http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2008/01/09/nwa_history">Archived</a> June 29, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Minnesota Public Radio.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOhanian2010" class="citation news cs1">Ohanian, Lee E. (May 11, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/2010/05/11/airlines-merger-economy-opinions-contributors-lee-ohanian.html">"Another Too Big To Fail Firm"</a>. <i>Forbes</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170729205509/https://www.forbes.com/2010/05/11/airlines-merger-economy-opinions-contributors-lee-ohanian.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 29, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 6,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Another+Too+Big+To+Fail+Firm&rft.date=2010-05-11&rft.aulast=Ohanian&rft.aufirst=Lee+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2F2010%2F05%2F11%2Fairlines-merger-economy-opinions-contributors-lee-ohanian.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ttmots-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ttmots_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalters1986" class="citation news cs1">Walters, Robert (October 2, 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=WVlaAAAAIBAJ&pg=6663,4661687">"Trend toward monopolizing of the skies"</a>. <i>Waycross Journal-Herald</i>. p. P-3. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025074452/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=WVlaAAAAIBAJ&pg=6663%2C4661687">Archived</a> from the original on October 25, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waycross+Journal-Herald&rft.atitle=Trend+toward+monopolizing+of+the+skies&rft.pages=P-3&rft.date=1986-10-02&rft.aulast=Walters&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DWVlaAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6663%2C4661687&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDallos1986" class="citation news cs1">Dallos, Robert E. (February 19, 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-02-19-fi-9662-story.html">"Proposed Northwest-Republic Deal : Justice Dept. Cites 'Concern' Over Air Merger"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121107135119/http://articles.latimes.com/1986-02-19/business/fi-9662_1_seniority-lists">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Proposed+Northwest-Republic+Deal+%3A+Justice+Dept.+Cites+%27Concern%27+Over+Air+Merger&rft.date=1986-02-19&rft.aulast=Dallos&rft.aufirst=Robert+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1986-02-19-fi-9662-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Detroit_Airport_History-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Detroit_Airport_History_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Detroit_Airport_History_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160916001939/http://www.metroairport.com/TravelerInfo/GeneralInfo/AboutDTW/AirportHistory.aspx">"Detroit Airport History"</a>. <i>metroairport.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metroairport.com/TravelerInfo/GeneralInfo/AboutDTW/AirportHistory.aspx">the original</a> on September 16, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 8,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=metroairport.com&rft.atitle=Detroit+Airport+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.metroairport.com%2FTravelerInfo%2FGeneralInfo%2FAboutDTW%2FAirportHistory.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeresnevicius2019" class="citation web cs1">Beresnevicius, Rytis (January 21, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200717000506/https://www.aerotime.aero/rytis.beresnevicius/22870-most-beautiful-liveries">"Top 10 Most Beautiful Airline Liveries Of All Time"</a>. Aerotime Hub. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aerotime.aero/rytis.beresnevicius/22870-most-beautiful-liveries">the original</a> on July 17, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 16,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Top+10+Most+Beautiful+Airline+Liveries+Of+All+Time&rft.pub=Aerotime+Hub&rft.date=2019-01-21&rft.aulast=Beresnevicius&rft.aufirst=Rytis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aerotime.aero%2Frytis.beresnevicius%2F22870-most-beautiful-liveries&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pacermonitor.com/view/M5FOISA/Northwest_Airlines_Inc__nysbke-05-17933__0001.0.pdf">"Northwest Airlines Chapter 11 Petition"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>PacerMonitor</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160805185931/https://www.pacermonitor.com/view/M5FOISA/Northwest_Airlines_Inc__nysbke-05-17933__0001.0.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on August 5, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 9,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PacerMonitor&rft.atitle=Northwest+Airlines+Chapter+11+Petition&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pacermonitor.com%2Fview%2FM5FOISA%2FNorthwest_Airlines_Inc__nysbke-05-17933__0001.0.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9502E0D6173FF937A25753C1A9639C8B63&scp=2&sq=Mesaba%20Aviation%20bankruptcy%20%20october&st=cse">"Northwest Partner Files for Protection"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. October 14, 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110604145405/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9502E0D6173FF937A25753C1A9639C8B63&scp=2&sq=Mesaba%20Aviation%20bankruptcy%20%20october&st=cse">Archived</a> from the original on June 4, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Northwest+Partner+Files+for+Protection&rft.date=2005-10-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Ffullpage.html%3Fres%3D9502E0D6173FF937A25753C1A9639C8B63%26scp%3D2%26sq%3DMesaba%2520Aviation%2520bankruptcy%2520%2520october%26st%3Dcse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071020111833/http://www.startribune.com/535/story/1192189.html">"Northwest clear to exit Chapter 11"</a>. Startribune.com. May 19, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.startribune.com/535/story/1192189.html">the original</a> on October 20, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Northwest+clear+to+exit+Chapter+11&rft.pub=Startribune.com&rft.date=2007-05-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.startribune.com%2F535%2Fstory%2F1192189.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nwa.com/corpinfo/newsc/2007/pr081320071878.html">Northwest Airlines To Become Passive Investor of Midwest Airlines</a> (Official Press Release: August 13, 2007)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/travel/flights/2007-08-14-airtran-midwest_N.htm">Northwest Airlines and TPG Bid Now In Competition with AirTran Airways</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110523162543/http://www.usatoday.com/travel/flights/2007-08-14-airtran-midwest_N.htm">Archived</a> May 23, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (USA Today: August 14, 2007)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMutzabaugh2007" class="citation news cs1">Mutzabaugh, Ben (September 25, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/Travel/delta-united-airlines-crack-china-routes/story?id=3649633">"Delta, United airlines get first crack at new China routes"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(United_States)" title="ABC News (United States)">ABC News</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200717051328/https://abcnews.go.com/Travel/delta-united-airlines-crack-china-routes/story?id=3649633">Archived</a> from the original on July 17, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 16,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Delta%2C+United+airlines+get+first+crack+at+new+China+routes&rft.date=2007-09-25&rft.aulast=Mutzabaugh&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FTravel%2Fdelta-united-airlines-crack-china-routes%2Fstory%3Fid%3D3649633&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100214064229/http://blog.delta.com/2010/02/05/employees-celebrate-another-merger-milestone/">"Delta Air Lines Blog | Employees Celebrate Another Merger Milestone"</a>. Blog.delta.com. February 5, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.delta.com/2010/02/05/employees-celebrate-another-merger-milestone/">the original</a> on February 14, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Delta+Air+Lines+Blog+%26%23124%3B+Employees+Celebrate+Another+Merger+Milestone&rft.pub=Blog.delta.com&rft.date=2010-02-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.delta.com%2F2010%2F02%2F05%2Femployees-celebrate-another-merger-milestone%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atwonline.com/news/story.html?storyID=19255">"ATW Daily News"</a>. Atwonline.com. February 2, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ATW+Daily+News&rft.pub=Atwonline.com&rft.date=2010-02-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.atwonline.com%2Fnews%2Fstory.html%3FstoryID%3D19255&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged December 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged December 2013">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBartz2010" class="citation news cs1">Bartz, Diane (July 30, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/businessNews/idUSTRE66T47D20100730">"Delta's Northwest pleading guilty to price fixing"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Thomson_Reuters" title="Thomson Reuters">Thomson Reuters</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230422013623/https://www.reuters.com/article/businessNews/idUSTRE66T47D20100730">Archived</a> from the original on April 22, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Delta%27s+Northwest+pleading+guilty+to+price+fixing&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.aulast=Bartz&rft.aufirst=Diane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FbusinessNews%2FidUSTRE66T47D20100730&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BuildingAGone-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingAGone_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingAGone_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingAGone_42-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Grayson, Katharine. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bizjournals.com/twincities/stories/2009/06/08/daily57.html">Delta CEO: We'll consolidate MSP office space</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140314170748/http://www.bizjournals.com/twincities/stories/2009/06/08/daily57.html">Archived</a> March 14, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." <i><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis_/_St._Paul_Business_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Minneapolis / St. Paul Business Journal">Minneapolis / St. Paul Business Journal</a></i>. Friday June 12, 2009. Last modified on Monday June 15, 2009. Retrieved on January 19, 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100102082320/http://nwa.com/services/shipping/cargo/about/creditapp.pdf">Northwest Airlines Credit Application</a>. <i>Northwest Airlines</i>. Archived January 2, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2008/04/14/midmorning3/">NWA pilots threaten to oppose merger</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110608163653/http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2008/04/14/midmorning3/">Archived</a> June 8, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." <i><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Public_Radio" title="Minnesota Public Radio">Minnesota Public Radio</a></i>. April 14, 2008. Retrieved on July 28, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FeyderHQ-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FeyderHQ_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FeyderHQ_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FeyderHQ_45-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Feyder, Susan. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.startribune.com/business/63721102.html?elr=KArksD:aDyaEP:kD:aU1ccmiUiD3aPc:_Yyc:aU7DYaGEP7vDEh7P:DiUs">Delta Air Lines putting Northwest's onetime HQ up for sale or lease</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091026031945/http://www.startribune.com/business/63721102.html?elr=KArksD:aDyaEP:kD:aU1ccmiUiD3aPc:_Yyc:aU7DYaGEP7vDEh7P:DiUs">Archived</a> October 26, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="Star Tribune">Star Tribune</a></i>. October 7, 2009. Retrieved on December 27, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NWHQOnMarket-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NWHQOnMarket_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2009/10/08/delta-selling-northwest-hq/">Delta puts Northwest headquarters in Eagan on the market</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091011081548/http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2009/10/08/delta-selling-northwest-hq/?">Archived</a> October 11, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." <i><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Public_Radio" title="Minnesota Public Radio">Minnesota Public Radio</a></i>. October 8, 2009. Retrieved on February 1, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Niemela, Jennifer. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bizjournals.com/twincities/stories/2008/12/15/daily14.html">Delta reaches deal on Minnesota jobs</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200927040842/https://www.bizjournals.com/twincities/stories/2008/12/15/daily14.html">Archived</a> September 27, 2020, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." <i><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis_/_St._Paul_Business_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Minneapolis / St. Paul Business Journal">Minneapolis / St. Paul Business Journal</a></i>. Tuesday December 16, 2008. Retrieved on January 19, 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mymspconnect.com/events/delta-air-lines-farmers-market-building-c">delta air lines' farmers market-building c</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210119190051/http://mymspconnect.com/events/delta-air-lines-farmers-market-building-c">Archived</a> January 19, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis-St._Paul_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport">Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport</a>. Retrieved on January 19, 2012. "Location: MSP Airport-Delta Building C, North Side near Compass Airlines Entrance"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>World Airline Directory</i>. Flight International. March 20, 1975. In 2011 Delta renewed the Northwest Airlines trademark while using a small NWA logo briefly on its website. The web names NorthWestAirlines.com, NWA.com, and NorthWestOrient.com now rollover to the Delta website. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1975/1975%20-%200560.html">496</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121023143143/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1975/1975%20-%200560.html">Archived</a> October 23, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. "Head Office: Minneapolis – St Paul International Airport, St Paul, Minnesota 55111, USA."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"World Airline Directory." <i>Flight International</i>. March 30, 1985. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1985/1985%20-%200964.html">104</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120208083118/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1985/1985%20-%200964.html">Archived</a> February 8, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved on July 23, 2009. "Head Office: Minneapolis-St Paul International Airport, St Paul, Minnesota 55111, USA."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nmb.gov/publicinfo/pr061898.html">Press Release re: Northwest Airlines</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121017025958/http://www.nmb.gov/publicinfo/pr061898.html">Archived</a> October 17, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Mediation_Board" title="National Mediation Board">National Mediation Board</a> June 18, 1998</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030323203636/http://aabss.org/journal1999/f29Schultz.html">Northwest Airlines Strike and Labor Negotiations</a> American Association of Behavioral and Social Sciences (AABSS)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/transportation/july-dec98/northwest_9-1.html">Grounded</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140101033615/http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/transportation/july-dec98/northwest_9-1.html">Archived</a> January 1, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Broadcasting Service">Public Broadcasting Service</a> September 1, 1998</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/digitaldiscovery/digdisc_library_1.html">CASE STUDY: Northwest Airlines</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160204161912/http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/digitaldiscovery/digdisc_library_1.html">Archived</a> February 4, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." <i><a href="/wiki/Berkman_Center_for_Internet_and_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Berkman Center for Internet and Society">Berkman Center for Internet and Society</a></i>. Retrieved on November 29, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080910133353/http://www.amfanatl.org/Pages/06_News%26Information/NWA/20061009_Strike_Settle_Agreement-TA.pdf">"Strike settlement agreement"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amfanatl.org/Pages/06_News&Information/NWA/20061009_Strike_Settle_Agreement-TA.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on September 10, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Strike+settlement+agreement&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amfanatl.org%2FPages%2F06_News%26Information%2FNWA%2F20061009_Strike_Settle_Agreement-TA.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amfa32.com/news/detail2.asp?id=110">Northwest Airlines Strike Settlement Approved</a> (November 6, 2006) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080412195931/http://www.amfa32.com/news/detail2.asp?id=110">Archived</a> April 12, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.consumeraffairs.com/news04/2007/08/travel_nwa.html">A Seething Summer of Discontent for Northwest Airlines</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110919221219/http://www.consumeraffairs.com/news04/2007/08/travel_nwa.html">Archived</a> September 19, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Dan Schlossberg. August 1, 2007. <a href="/wiki/ConsumerAffairs.com" class="mw-redirect" title="ConsumerAffairs.com">ConsumerAffairs.com</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leg.state.mn.us/lrl/issues/nwa.asp">Northwest Airlines and the State of Minnesota</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091105144142/http://www.leg.state.mn.us/lrl/issues/nwa.asp">Archived</a> November 5, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Minnesota Legislative Reference Library</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2007/02/15/nwaplan/">Northwest Airlines projects it'll be worth $7B post-bankruptcy</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080620005535/http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2007/02/15/nwaplan/">Archived</a> June 20, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Martin Moylan. <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Public_Radio" title="Minnesota Public Radio">Minnesota Public Radio</a>. February 15, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150403093708/http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS161600">+ January 29, 2008+BW20080129 Northwest Airlines Reports Full Year 2007 Results</a> January 29, 2008. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2006/07/31/flightattendants/">Flight attendants reject new contract with Northwest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110420020636/http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2006/07/31/flightattendants/">Archived</a> April 20, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Public_Radio" title="Minnesota Public Radio">Minnesota Public Radio</a> July 31, 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2006/08/17/flightattendants/">Judge rules Northwest flight attendants can strike</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110608083505/http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2006/08/17/flightattendants/">Archived</a> June 8, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Public_Radio" title="Minnesota Public Radio">Minnesota Public Radio</a> August 17, 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/26/business/26air.html">Northwest Walkout Is Blocked</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161229004053/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/26/business/26air.html">Archived</a> December 29, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a> August 26, 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/09/15/AR2006091501020.html">U.S. Judge Prohibits Strikes at Northwest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170708164628/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/09/15/AR2006091501020.html">Archived</a> July 8, 2017, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Post">Washington Post</a> September 16, 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPublished:_March_12,_19931993" class="citation news cs1">Published: March 12, 1993 (March 12, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE7DE1631F931A25750C0A965958260">"Northwest Airlines Past Route To Australia"</a>. <i>New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071016173452/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE7DE1631F931A25750C0A965958260">Archived</a> from the original on October 16, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Northwest+Airlines+Past+Route+To+Australia&rft.date=1993-03-12&rft.au=Published%3A+March+12%2C+1993&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Ffullpage.html%3Fres%3D9F0CE7DE1631F931A25750C0A965958260&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nwa.com/corpinfo/newsc/2007/pr071620071861.html">"Northwest Airlines Announces Bid For U.S.-China Nonstop Service"</a>. Nwa.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Northwest+Airlines+Announces+Bid+For+U.S.-China+Nonstop+Service&rft.pub=Nwa.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nwa.com%2Fcorpinfo%2Fnewsc%2F2007%2Fpr071620071861.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100219143625/http://www.continental.com/web/en-US/content/news/alliancefaq.aspx">"Continental Airlines – Continental to Join Star Alliance – Frequently Asked Questions"</a>. Continental.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.continental.com/web/en-US/content/news/alliancefaq.aspx">the original</a> on February 19, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Continental+Airlines+%E2%80%93+Continental+to+Join+Star+Alliance+%E2%80%93+Frequently+Asked+Questions&rft.pub=Continental.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.continental.com%2Fweb%2Fen-US%2Fcontent%2Fnews%2Falliancefaq.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091014025059/http://www.continental.com/web/en-US/content/company/alliance/northwest.aspx">"Continental Airlines – Earn OnePass Miles on Airline Partner"</a>. Continental.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.continental.com/web/en-US/content/company/alliance/northwest.aspx">the original</a> on October 14, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Continental+Airlines+%E2%80%93+Earn+OnePass+Miles+on+Airline+Partner&rft.pub=Continental.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.continental.com%2Fweb%2Fen-US%2Fcontent%2Fcompany%2Falliance%2Fnorthwest.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deltamuseum.org/exhibits/delta-history/aircraft-by-type/jet/Airbus-A330">"Aircraft By Type"</a>. Delta Flight Museum. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200716145538/https://www.deltamuseum.org/exhibits/delta-history/aircraft-by-type/jet/Airbus-A330">Archived</a> from the original on July 16, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 16,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aircraft+By+Type&rft.pub=Delta+Flight+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deltamuseum.org%2Fexhibits%2Fdelta-history%2Faircraft-by-type%2Fjet%2FAirbus-A330&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deltamuseum.org/exhibits/747-experience">"747 Experience"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210412033124/https://www.deltamuseum.org/exhibits/747-experience">Archived</a> from the original on April 12, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 22,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=747+Experience&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deltamuseum.org%2Fexhibits%2F747-experience&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBailey2007" class="citation news cs1">Bailey, Jeff (October 27, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/27/business/27planes.html">"U.S. Airlines Put Off Buying New Planes"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180117001727/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/27/business/27planes.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 17, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 11,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=U.S.+Airlines+Put+Off+Buying+New+Planes&rft.date=2007-10-27&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F10%2F27%2Fbusiness%2F27planes.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131005000114/http://www.southernairways.org/assoc_press_old_dc9.htm">"Using Old DC-9s Pays Off for Northwest"</a>. Southernairways.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.southernairways.org/assoc_press_old_dc9.htm">the original</a> on October 5, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Using+Old+DC-9s+Pays+Off+for+Northwest&rft.pub=Southernairways.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.southernairways.org%2Fassoc_press_old_dc9.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kramon, Glenn. "Northwest Airlines Bans Smoking on Most Flights." <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. March 24, 1988. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1988/03/24/us/northwest-airlines-bans-smoking-on-most-flights.html">1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161229003749/http://www.nytimes.com/1988/03/24/us/northwest-airlines-bans-smoking-on-most-flights.html">Archived</a> December 29, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved on February 8, 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.northwestairlineshistory.org/">"Home"</a>. <i>Northwest Airlines History Centre</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201101021350/http://northwestairlineshistory.org/">Archived</a> from the original on November 1, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 12,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Northwest+Airlines+History+Centre&rft.atitle=Home&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.northwestairlineshistory.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The citation is not specific enough to facilitate source verification (August 2022)">not specific enough to verify</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081026073227/http://www.nwa.com/services/onboard/special/meals.html">In-Flight Meals</a>." <i>Northwest Airlines</i>. Archived October 26, 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090312063736/http://www.nwa.com/worldperks/program/overview/">Northwest Airlines WorldPerks Program Information</a> Archived March 12, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060525073303/http://www.insideflyer.com/articles/o2_sidebar.php?key=4">"Northwest Orient Free Flight Plan"</a>. Insideflyer.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.insideflyer.com/articles/o2_sidebar.php?key=4">the original</a> on May 25, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Northwest+Orient+Free+Flight+Plan&rft.pub=Insideflyer.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.insideflyer.com%2Farticles%2Fo2_sidebar.php%3Fkey%3D4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090317054826/http://www.nwa.com/worldperks/earn/airfl.shtml">Northwest Airlines WorldPerks Airline Partnerships</a> Archived March 17, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080416020648/http://www.nwa.com/worldperks/earn/partnercenter/carrental/">Northwest Airlines WorldPerks Car Rental Partnerships</a> Archived April 16, 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nwa.com/corpinfo/newsc/2008/pr082220082207.html">Northwest Airlines Partners With Budget Rent A Car</a> (Official Press Release: August 22, 2008)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.planecrashinfo.com/w19411030.htm">Northwest Orient Airlines crash October 30, 1941</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100205062601/http://planecrashinfo.com/w19411030.htm">Archived</a> February 5, 2010, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, planecrashinfo</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19480829-0">"ASN Aircraft accident Martin 2-0-2 NC93044 Winona, WI"</a>. Aviation-safety.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110514081221/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19480829-0">Archived</a> from the original on May 14, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident+Martin+2-0-2+NC93044+Winona%2C+WI&rft.pub=Aviation-safety.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19480829-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19481027-0">"ASN Aircraft accident Douglas C-54A-15-DC NC88785 Edmonton, AB"</a>. Aviation-safety.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080511065806/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19481027-0">Archived</a> from the original on May 11, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident+Douglas+C-54A-15-DC+NC88785+Edmonton%2C+AB&rft.pub=Aviation-safety.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19481027-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19500307-0">"ASN Aircraft accident Martin 2-0-2 NC93050 Minneapolis, MN"</a>. Aviation-safety.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120128182456/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19500307-0">Archived</a> from the original on January 28, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident+Martin+2-0-2+NC93050+Minneapolis%2C+MN&rft.pub=Aviation-safety.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19500307-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19501013-0">"ASN Aircraft accident Martin 2-0-2 NC93037 Almelund, MN"</a>. Aviation-safety.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121024003851/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19501013-0">Archived</a> from the original on October 24, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident+Martin+2-0-2+NC93037+Almelund%2C+MN&rft.pub=Aviation-safety.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19501013-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19501107-0">"ASN Aircraft accident Martin 2-0-2 N93040 Butte, MT"</a>. Aviation-safety.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121024003922/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19501107-0">Archived</a> from the original on October 24, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident+Martin+2-0-2+N93040+Butte%2C+MT&rft.pub=Aviation-safety.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19501107-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19510116-0">"ASN Aircraft accident Martin 2-0-2 N93054 Reardan, WA"</a>. Aviation-safety.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110625014421/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19510116-0">Archived</a> from the original on June 25, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident+Martin+2-0-2+N93054+Reardan%2C+WA&rft.pub=Aviation-safety.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19510116-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19520119-0">"ASN Aircraft accident Douglas C-54E-5-DO N45342 Sandspit Airport, BC (YZP)"</a>. Aviation-safety.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110514100421/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19520119-0">Archived</a> from the original on May 14, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident+Douglas+C-54E-5-DO+N45342+Sandspit+Airport%2C+BC+%28YZP%29&rft.pub=Aviation-safety.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19520119-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19600714-0">"ASN Aircraft accident Douglas DC-7C N292 Polillo Island"</a>. Aviation-safety.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080511154930/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19600714-0">Archived</a> from the original on May 11, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident+Douglas+DC-7C+N292+Polillo+Island&rft.pub=Aviation-safety.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19600714-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19601028-0">"ASN Aircraft accident Douglas C-54A-10-DC N48762 Missoula, MT"</a>. Aviation-safety.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080511065014/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19601028-0">Archived</a> from the original on May 11, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident+Douglas+C-54A-10-DC+N48762+Missoula%2C+MT&rft.pub=Aviation-safety.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19601028-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080508022820/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19610916-1">"ASN Aircraft accident"</a>. Aviation-safety.net. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident&rft.pub=Aviation-safety.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19610916-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19630212-0">"ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 720-051B N724US Everglades, Florida"</a>. Aviation-safety.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120502142521/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19630212-0">Archived</a> from the original on May 2, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident+Boeing+720-051B+N724US+Everglades%2C+Florida&rft.pub=Aviation-safety.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19630212-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19630603-1">"ASN Aircraft accident Douglas DC-7CF N290 Annette Island, AK, USA"</a>. Aviation-safety.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120425023649/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19630603-1">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident+Douglas+DC-7CF+N290+Annette+Island%2C+AK%2C+USA&rft.pub=Aviation-safety.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19630603-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19741201-1">"ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 727-251 N274US Stony Point, New York"</a>. Aviation-safety.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090616111127/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19741201-1">Archived</a> from the original on June 16, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident+Boeing+727-251+N274US+Stony+Point%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Aviation-safety.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19741201-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19830120-0">Hijacking description</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Aviation_Safety_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Aviation Safety Network">Aviation Safety Network</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ntsb.gov-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ntsb.gov_96-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ntsb.gov_96-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ntsb.gov/aviationquery/brief.aspx?ev_id=20001212X24751&key=2">"DCA91MA010A"</a>. Ntsb.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121018210939/http://www.ntsb.gov/aviationquery/brief.aspx?ev_id=20001212X24751&key=2">Archived</a> from the original on October 18, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 17,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DCA91MA010A&rft.pub=Ntsb.gov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ntsb.gov%2Faviationquery%2Fbrief.aspx%3Fev_id%3D20001212X24751%26key%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Aircraft Accident Report: Douglas DC-7C, N285 Northwest Airlines, Inc. Ditching in Sitka Sound, Alaska October 22, 1962</i>. Washington, DC: Civil Aeronautics Board. September 19, 1963. p. 1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Aircraft+Accident+Report%3A+Douglas+DC-7C%2C+N285+Northwest+Airlines%2C+Inc.+Ditching+in+Sitka+Sound%2C+Alaska+October+22%2C+1962&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=Civil+Aeronautics+Board&rft.date=1963-09-19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"DC-7 Ditches In Sea Near Sitka; All Safe". <i>The Seattle Daily Times</i>. 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"102 Saved As Plane Ditches". <i>Seattle Post Intelligencer</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seattle+Post+Intelligencer&rft.atitle=102+Saved+As+Plane+Ditches&rft.date=1962-10-23&rft.aulast=Sims&rft.aufirst=Ward+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Aircraft Accident Report: Douglas DC-7C, N285 Northwest Airlines, Inc. Ditching in Sitka Sound, Alaska October 22, 1962</i>. Washington, DC: Civil Aeronautics Board. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hijacking&rft.pub=Aviation-safety.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19680701-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19710122-3">Hijacking description</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Aviation_Safety_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Aviation Safety Network">Aviation Safety Network</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1977/05/09/archives/purser-subdues-hijacker-on-tokyohawaii-flight.html">"Purser Subdues Hijacker On Tokyo-Hawaii Flight"</a></span>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 9,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=northwestairlineshistory.org&rft.atitle=Timeline+-+1970s+-+Northwest+Airlines&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnorthwestairlineshistory.org%2Ftimeline-1970s%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-N2280-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-N2280_105-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-N2280_105-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/32577/pdf">Aviation Investigation Final Report</a> (Report). National Transportation Safety Board. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 9,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Jet+Lands+After+an+Engine+Drops+Off&rft.date=1990-01-05&rft.aulast=Weiner&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1990%2F01%2F05%2Fus%2Fjet-lands-after-an-engine-drops-off.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeiner1990" class="citation news cs1">Weiner, Eric (January 6, 1990). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1990/01/06/us/pilots-had-no-way-of-knowing-jet-engine-fell-off-experts-say.html">"Pilots Had No Way of Knowing Jet Engine Fell Off, Experts Say"</a></span>. <i>The New York Times</i>. New York City. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140321154042/http://www.nytimes.com/1990/01/06/us/pilots-had-no-way-of-knowing-jet-engine-fell-off-experts-say.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 21, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 9,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Pilots+Had+No+Way+of+Knowing+Jet+Engine+Fell+Off%2C+Experts+Say&rft.date=1990-01-06&rft.aulast=Weiner&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1990%2F01%2F06%2Fus%2Fpilots-had-no-way-of-knowing-jet-engine-fell-off-experts-say.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCushman1990" class="citation news cs1">Cushman, John (March 17, 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1990/03/17/us/3-pilots-dismissed-in-alcohol-abuse.html">"3 Pilots Dismissed in Alcohol Abuse"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101206134827/http://nytimes.com/1990/03/17/us/3-pilots-dismissed-in-alcohol-abuse.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 6, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 9,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=3+Pilots+Dismissed+in+Alcohol+Abuse&rft.date=1990-03-17&rft.aulast=Cushman&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1990%2F03%2F17%2Fus%2F3-pilots-dismissed-in-alcohol-abuse.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091022103900/http://www.dot.gov/affairs/1999/detsnowintro.htm">"Report on the January 1999 Detroit Snowstorm"</a>. U.S. Department of Transportation. June 1999. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Report+on+the+January+1999+Detroit+Snowstorm&rft.pub=U.S.+Department+of+Transportation&rft.date=1999-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dot.gov%2Faffairs%2F1999%2Fdetsnowintro.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100402172746/http://www.aasfe.org/susan-carey-2.html">"Tension on a crowded plane nears the breaking point as it festers, snowbound, Wall Street Journal"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NTSB%3A+Pilot+caused+airport+collision&rft.pub=Twincities.com&rft.date=2007-03-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.twincities.com%2Fbusiness%2Fci_5804561%3Fnclick_check%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightpodcast.com/episode-4-bo-corby-nwa-flight-41-into-tehran">"Audio interview with Bo Corby, Captain of NWA Flight 41"</a>. Flightpodcast.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131004225706/http://www.flightpodcast.com/episode-4-bo-corby-nwa-flight-41-into-tehran">Archived</a> from the original on October 4, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Audio+interview+with+Bo+Corby%2C+Captain+of+NWA+Flight+41&rft.pub=Flightpodcast.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightpodcast.com%2Fepisode-4-bo-corby-nwa-flight-41-into-tehran&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.airliners.net/photo/Northwest-Airlines/Boeing-747-251B/0928640/&sid=cdf3e3e7013ad86b540aee761142798e">Photos: Boeing 747-251B Aircraft Pictures</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121107123127/http://www.airliners.net/photo/Northwest-Airlines/Boeing-747-251B/0928640/%26sid%3Dcdf3e3e7013ad86b540aee761142798e">Archived</a> November 7, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Airliners.net. Retrieved on February 14, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezYMGM_VtFI">胴体着陸 BELLY LANDING 緊急脱出 emergency exit</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160418074104/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezYMGM_VtFI">Archived</a> April 18, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. YouTube. Retrieved on February 14, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDsavit" class="citation news cs1">Dsavit. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120323055124/http://www.myaviation.net/search/photo_search.php?id=01199747&size=large">"Landing photo of Flight 1432"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.myaviation.net/search/photo_search.php?id=01199747&size=large">the original</a> on March 23, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 21,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Landing+photo+of+Flight+1432&rft.au=Dsavit&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.myaviation.net%2Fsearch%2Fphoto_search.php%3Fid%3D01199747%26size%3Dlarge&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYuasa2009" class="citation news cs1">Yuasa, Shino (February 20, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/travel/2008765076_apasjapanturbulence.html">"50 hurt in turbulence on Japan-bound flight"</a>. <i>Seattle Times</i>. AP. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090501073328/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/travel/2008765076_apasjapanturbulence.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 1, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 17,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seattle+Times&rft.atitle=50+hurt+in+turbulence+on+Japan-bound+flight&rft.date=2009-02-20&rft.aulast=Yuasa&rft.aufirst=Shino&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fseattletimes.nwsource.com%2Fhtml%2Ftravel%2F2008765076_apasjapanturbulence.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20090504-0">ASN Aircraft accident Airbus A320-211 N311US Denver International Airport, CO (DEN)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303165430/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20090504-0">Archived</a> March 3, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Aviation-safety.net. Retrieved on February 14, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091025063151/http://wcco.com/travel/flight.overshoots.airport.2.1265004.html">"NWA188 overshoots MSP by 150 miles – WCCO"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wcco.com/travel/flight.overshoots.airport.2.1265004.html">the original</a> on October 25, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NWA188+overshoots+MSP+by+150+miles+%E2%80%93+WCCO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwcco.com%2Ftravel%2Fflight.overshoots.airport.2.1265004.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2009/TRAVEL/10/23/airliner.fly.by/index.html">"ATC fears NWA188 hijacked – CNN"</a>. Edition.cnn.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131005023342/http://edition.cnn.com/2009/TRAVEL/10/23/airliner.fly.by/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 5, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ATC+fears+NWA188+hijacked+%E2%80%93+CNN&rft.pub=Edition.cnn.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2009%2FTRAVEL%2F10%2F23%2Fairliner.fly.by%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091206072249/https://www.ntsb.gov/pressrel/2009/091022.html">Pilots in heated argument causing 150 mile off course – NTSB Advisory</a> Archived December 6, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaynard2009" class="citation news cs1">Maynard, Micheline (October 26, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/27/us/27plane.html?scp=5&sq=northwest%20airlines%20san%20diego&st=cse">"Off-Course Pilots Cite Computer Distraction"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161228234810/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/27/us/27plane.html?scp=5&sq=northwest%20airlines%20san%20diego&st=cse">Archived</a> from the original on December 28, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Off-Course+Pilots+Cite+Computer+Distraction&rft.date=2009-10-26&rft.aulast=Maynard&rft.aufirst=Micheline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F10%2F27%2Fus%2F27plane.html%3Fscp%3D5%26sq%3Dnorthwest%2520airlines%2520san%2520diego%26st%3Dcse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWald2009" class="citation news cs1">Wald, Matthew (October 27, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/28/us/28plane.html?_r=1&scp=8&sq=northwest%20airlines%20san%20diego&st=cse">"F.A.A. Revokes Licenses of Pilots Who Missed Airport"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131005021818/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/28/us/28plane.html?_r=1&scp=8&sq=northwest%20airlines%20san%20diego&st=cse">Archived</a> from the original on October 5, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=F.A.A.+Revokes+Licenses+of+Pilots+Who+Missed+Airport&rft.date=2009-10-27&rft.aulast=Wald&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F10%2F28%2Fus%2F28plane.html%3F_r%3D1%26scp%3D8%26sq%3Dnorthwest%2520airlines%2520san%2520diego%26st%3Dcse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna34592031">"Officials: Possible terror attack on Northwest jet"</a>. NBC News. December 28, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200923230804/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/34592031">Archived</a> from the original on September 23, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Officials%3A+Possible+terror+attack+on+Northwest+jet&rft.pub=NBC+News&rft.date=2009-12-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fid%2Fwbna34592031&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Roach, J and Eastwood A.B., <i>Jet Airliner Production List - Volume 1 - Boeing</i>. 2003. The Aviation Hobby Shop. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-907178-97-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-907178-97-9">0-907178-97-9</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor1982" class="citation magazine cs1">Taylor, H. A. "Tony" (April–July 1982). "Stratocruiser... Ending an Airline Era". <i><a href="/wiki/Air_Enthusiast" title="Air Enthusiast">Air Enthusiast</a></i>. No. 18. pp. 37–53. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0143-5450">0143-5450</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Air+Enthusiast&rft.atitle=Stratocruiser...+Ending+an+Airline+Era&rft.issue=18&rft.pages=37-53&rft.date=1982-04%2F1982-07&rft.issn=0143-5450&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=H.+A.+%22Tony%22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthwest+Airlines" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>El-Hai, Jack. (2013) <i>Non-stop: A Turbulent History of Northwest Airlines</i> (University of Minnesota Press, 2013) 291 pp. Heavily illustrated.</li> <li>Ruble, Kenneth D.; (1986). <i>Flight to the Top: How a Hometown Airline Made History—and Keeps on Making It: The Absorbing Sixty-year Story of Northwest Airlines.</i> New York: Viking Press.</li> <li>"Pilots Who Flew Drunk are Sentenced to Prison". (October 27, 1990). <i>St. Louis Post-Dispatch</i>, p. 7A. Retrieved March 21, 2005, from LexisNexis.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071016140424/http://freep.com/money/business/nwa17e_20050317.htm">Moylan, Martin J. "NWA to trim mechanics jobs". (March 17, 2005). <i>Detroit Free Press</i></a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070218073459/http://www.nwa.com/corpinfo/upclose/">Northwest Airlines history timeline on www.nwa.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080120162651/http://www.usps.com/history/his2_5.htm">U.S. Postal Service history; airmail service starts</a></li> <li>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/pdf95/385506_web.pdf">Order 2006-2-1</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2013">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>", Joint Application of Alitalia-Linee Aeree Italiane-S.p.A., Czech Airlines, Delta Air Lines, Inc., KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, Northwest Airlines, Inc. and Societe Air France for Approval of and Antitrust Immunity for Alliance Agreements, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Transportation" title="United States Department of Transportation">United States Department of Transportation</a>, February 6, 2006.</li> <li>Extensive archival records of <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mnhs.org/library/findaids/00110.xml">Northwest Airlines</a> are available for research use at the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mnhs.org/">Minnesota Historical Society.</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Airlines&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/UnitedHealth_Group" title="UnitedHealth Group">UnitedHealth Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Target_Corporation" title="Target Corporation">Target</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Best_Buy" title="Best Buy">Best Buy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHS_Inc." title="CHS Inc.">CHS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3M" title="3M">3M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Bancorp" title="U.S. Bancorp">U.S. Bancorp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SuperValu_(United_States)" title="SuperValu (United States)">SuperValu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunds_%26_Byerlys" title="Lunds & Byerlys">Lunds & Byerlys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Mills" title="General Mills">General Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_O%27Lakes" title="Land O'Lakes">Land O'Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecolab" title="Ecolab">Ecolab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._H._Robinson" class="mw-redirect" title="C. H. Robinson">C. H. Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ameriprise_Financial" title="Ameriprise Financial">Ameriprise Financial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xcel_Energy" title="Xcel Energy">Xcel Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hormel" class="mw-redirect" title="Hormel">Hormel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrivent_Financial" class="mw-redirect" title="Thrivent Financial">Thrivent Financial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patterson_Companies" title="Patterson Companies">Patterson Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polaris_Industries" class="mw-redirect" title="Polaris Industries">Polaris Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dairy_Queen" title="Dairy Queen">Dairy Queen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Pages" title="City Pages">City Pages</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fortune_1000" title="Fortune 1000">Fortune 1000</a> corporations (by revenue)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toro_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Toro (company)">Toro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donaldson_Company" title="Donaldson Company">Donaldson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.B._Fuller" title="H.B. Fuller">H.B. Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federated_Mutual_Insurance_Company" title="Federated Mutual Insurance Company">Federated Mutual Insurance Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deluxe_Corporation" title="Deluxe Corporation">Deluxe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HOM_Furniture" title="HOM Furniture">HOM Furniture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kowalski%27s_Markets" title="Kowalski's Markets">Kowalski's Markets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cub_(supermarket)" title="Cub (supermarket)">Cub</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other public companies (alphabetically)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dayforce" title="Dayforce">Dayforce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTS_Systems_Corporation" title="MTS Systems Corporation">MTS Systems Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protolabs" title="Protolabs">Protolabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regis_Corporation" title="Regis Corporation">Regis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratasys" title="Stratasys">Stratasys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Star_Tribune" title="Minnesota Star Tribune">Minnesota Star Tribune</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major non-public corporations (alphabetically)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andersen_Corporation" title="Andersen Corporation">Andersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cargill" title="Cargill">Cargill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlson_(company)" title="Carlson (company)">Carlson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holiday_Stationstores" title="Holiday Stationstores">Holiday Stationstores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_State_Fair" title="Minnesota State Fair">Minnesota State Fair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwan%27s_Company" title="Schwan's Company">Schwan's Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Securian_Financial_Group" title="Securian Financial Group">Securian Financial Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Corporation" title="Taylor Corporation">Taylor Corporation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_based_in_Minneapolis%E2%80%93Saint_Paul" title="List of companies based in Minneapolis–Saint Paul">List of companies based in Minneapolis–Saint Paul</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct corporations (alphabetically)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ADC_Telecommunications" title="ADC Telecommunications">ADC Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Bookstore_Cooperative" title="Amazon Bookstore Cooperative">Amazon Bookstore Cooperative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooks-Scanlon_Lumber_Company" title="Brooks-Scanlon Lumber Company">Brooks-Scanlon Lumber Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butler_Brothers" title="Butler Brothers">Butler Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champion_Air" title="Champion Air">Champion Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Control_Data_Corporation" title="Control Data Corporation">Control Data Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Shamrock_Airlines" title="Crystal Shamrock Airlines">Crystal Shamrock Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destineer" title="Destineer">Destineer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engineering_Research_Associates" title="Engineering Research Associates">Engineering Research Associates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fawcett_Publications" title="Fawcett Publications">Fawcett Publications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FuncoLand" title="FuncoLand">FuncoLand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamble-Skogmo" title="Gamble-Skogmo">Gamble-Skogmo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gander_Mountain" title="Gander Mountain">Gander Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genmar_Holdings" title="Genmar Holdings">Genmar Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Casinos" title="Grand Casinos">Grand Casinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasc_Software" title="Jasc Software">Jasc Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacSoft" title="MacSoft">MacSoft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_Play" title="Media Play">Media Play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwest_Aviation" title="Midwest Aviation">Midwest Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwest_Federal_Savings_%26_Loan" title="Midwest Federal Savings & Loan">Midwest Federal Savings & Loan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwest_Wireless" title="Midwest Wireless">Midwest Wireless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis-St._Paul_Stock_Exchange" title="Minneapolis-St. Paul Stock Exchange">Minneapolis-St. Paul Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Stage_Company" title="Minnesota Stage Company">Minnesota Stage Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musicland" title="Musicland">Musicland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napco_Four_Wheel_Drive_Vehicles" title="Napco Four Wheel Drive Vehicles">Napco Four Wheel Drive Vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navarre_Corporation" title="Navarre Corporation">Navarre Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Central_Airlines" title="North Central Airlines">North Central Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northgate_Computer_Systems" title="Northgate Computer Systems">Northgate Computer Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrup-King" title="Northrup-King">Northrup-King</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Northwest Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paisley_Park_Records" title="Paisley Park Records">Paisley Park Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paragon_Cable" title="Paragon Cable">Paragon Cable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_Foods" title="Rainbow Foods">Rainbow Foods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Owl_(retail_chain)" title="Red Owl (retail chain)">Red Owl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_Airlines" title="Republic Airlines">Republic Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rider_Bennett" title="Rider Bennett">Rider Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rural_Cellular" title="Rural Cellular">Rural Cellular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Jude_Medical" title="St. Jude Medical">St. Jude Medical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salkin_%26_Linoff" title="Salkin & Linoff">Salkin & Linoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoppers%27_City" title="Shoppers' City">Shoppers' City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simitar_Entertainment" title="Simitar Entertainment">Simitar Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SuperAmerica" title="SuperAmerica">SuperAmerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swan_River_Logging_Company" title="Swan River Logging Company">Swan River Logging Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicel" title="Unicel">Unicel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bros_Boiler_Works" title="William Bros Boiler Works">William Bros Boiler Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XRS_Corporation" title="XRS Corporation">XRS Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeos" title="Zeos">Zeos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Northwest_Airlines_(Northwest_Orient)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Northwest_Airlines" title="Template:Northwest Airlines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Northwest_Airlines" title="Template talk:Northwest Airlines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Northwest_Airlines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Northwest Airlines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Northwest_Airlines_(Northwest_Orient)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Northwest Airlines</a> (Northwest Orient)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Accidents_&amp;incidents" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Accidents &<br />incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_2" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 2">Flight 2</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_1" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 1">Flight 1</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_5_(1941)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 5 (1941)">Flight 5</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_4422" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 4422">Flight 4422</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_421" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 421">Flight 421</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Orient_Airlines_Flight_307" title="Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 307">Flight 307</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Orient_Airlines_Flight_2501" title="Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 2501">Flight 2501</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Orient_Airlines_Flight_2" title="Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 2">Flight 2</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Orient_Airlines_Flight_710" title="Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 710">Flight 710</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Orient_Airlines_Flight_1-11" title="Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 1-11">Flight 1-11</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Orient_Airlines_Flight_706" title="Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 706">Flight 706</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Orient_Airlines_Flight_705" title="Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 705">Flight 705</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Orient_Airlines_Flight_293" title="Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 293">Flight 293</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._B._Cooper" title="D. B. Cooper">Flight 305</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Orient_Airlines_Flight_6231" title="Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 6231">Flight 6231</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_255" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 255">Flight 255</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_5_(1990)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 5 (1990)">Flight 5</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Wayne_County_Airport_runway_collision" title="1990 Wayne County Airport runway collision">Flights 1482 and Flight 299</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_85" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 85">Flight 85</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_327" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 327">Flight 327</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_188" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 188">Flight 188</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines_Flight_253" title="Northwest Airlines Flight 253">Flight 253</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Destinations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Northwest_Airlines_destinations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Northwest Airlines destinations (page does not exist)">List of Northwest Airlines destinations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Northwest_Airlines" title="Category:Northwest Airlines">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Delta_Air_Lines" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Delta_Air_Lines" title="Template:Delta Air Lines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Delta_Air_Lines" title="Template talk:Delta Air Lines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Delta_Air_Lines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Delta Air Lines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Delta_Air_Lines" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Airline subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endeavor_Air" title="Endeavor Air">Endeavor Air</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Air marketing brands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Connection" title="Delta Connection">Delta Connection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Shuttle" title="Delta Shuttle">Delta Shuttle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Bastian" title="Ed Bastian">Ed Bastian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Board_Council" title="Delta Board Council">Delta Board Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deltalina" title="Deltalina">Deltalina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uli_Derickson" title="Uli Derickson">Uli Derickson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_C._Garrett_Jr." title="David C. Garrett Jr.">David C. Garrett Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Grinstein" title="Gerald Grinstein">Gerald Grinstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Simonetti" title="Ellen Simonetti">Ellen Simonetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Whitehurst" title="Jim Whitehurst">Jim Whitehurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collett_E._Woolman" title="Collett E. Woolman">Collett E. Woolman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fleet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines_fleet" title="Delta Air Lines fleet">Delta Air Lines fleet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Delta_Air_Lines" title="History of Delta Air Lines">History of Delta Air Lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_Am" title="Pan Am">Pan Am</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_Airlines" title="Republic Airlines">Republic Airlines</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Airways" title="Southern Airways">Southern Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Central_Airlines" title="North Central Airlines">North Central Airlines</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wings_Alliance" title="Wings Alliance">Wings Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Excellence" title="Atlantic Excellence">Atlantic Excellence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Flight_Museum" title="Delta Flight Museum">Delta Flight Museum</a> </li></ul></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Accidents_and_incidents" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Accidents and incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines_Flight_705" title="Delta Air Lines Flight 705">Flight 705</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines_Flight_318" title="Delta Air Lines Flight 318">Flight 318</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines_Flight_9877" title="Delta Air Lines Flight 9877">Flight 9877</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines_Flight_821" title="Delta Air Lines Flight 821">Flight 821</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines_Flight_841" title="Delta Air Lines Flight 841">Flight 841</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines_Flight_9570" title="Delta Air Lines Flight 9570">Flight 9570</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Chicago%E2%80%93O%27Hare_runway_collision" title="1972 Chicago–O'Hare runway collision">Flight 954</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines_Flight_723" title="Delta Air Lines Flight 723">Flight 723</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Byck" title="Samuel Byck">Flight 523</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines_Flight_1080" title="Delta Air Lines Flight 1080">Flight 1080</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines_Flight_191" title="Delta Air Lines Flight 191">Flight 191</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines_Flight_1141" title="Delta Air Lines Flight 1141">Flight 1141</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines_Flight_1288" title="Delta Air Lines Flight 1288">Flight 1288</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines_Flight_1989" title="Delta Air Lines Flight 1989">Flight 1989</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines_Flight_1086" title="Delta Air Lines Flight 1086">Flight 1086</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines_Flight_89" title="Delta Air Lines Flight 89">Flight 89</a> (2020)</li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other subsidiaries and assets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeromexico" class="mw-redirect" title="Aeromexico">Aeromexico</a> (20%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_France-KLM" class="mw-redirect" title="Air France-KLM">Air France-KLM</a> (3%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Eastern_Airlines" title="China Eastern Airlines">China Eastern Airlines</a> (3%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clear_Secure" title="Clear Secure">Clear Secure</a> (5%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_TechOps" title="Delta TechOps">Delta TechOps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanjin" title="Hanjin">Hanjin</a> (15%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LATAM_Airlines_Group" title="LATAM Airlines Group">LATAM Airlines</a> (10%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SkyMiles" title="SkyMiles">SkyMiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SkyTeam" title="SkyTeam">SkyTeam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trainer_Refinery" title="Trainer Refinery">Trainer Refinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unifi_Aviation" title="Unifi Aviation">Unifi Aviation</a> (49%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_Atlantic" title="Virgin Atlantic">Virgin Atlantic</a> (49%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheels_Up" title="Wheels Up">Wheels Up</a> (21%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former certificated<br /> airline subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Southeast_Airlines" title="Atlantic Southeast Airlines">Atlantic Southeast Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_and_Southern_Air_Lines" title="Chicago and Southern Air Lines">Chicago and Southern Air Lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comair_(United_States)" title="Comair (United States)">Comair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compass_Airlines_(North_America)" title="Compass Airlines (North America)">Compass Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Private_Jets" title="Delta Private Jets">Delta Private Jets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesaba_Airlines" title="Mesaba Airlines">Mesaba Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Airlines" title="Northeast Airlines">Northeast Airlines</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Northwest Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Airlines" title="Western Airlines">Western Airlines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former marketing brands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Express" title="Delta Express">Delta Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_(airline)" title="Song (airline)">Song</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Delta_Air_Lines" title="Category:Delta Air Lines">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_SkyTeam" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:SkyTeam" title="Template:SkyTeam"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:SkyTeam" title="Template talk:SkyTeam"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:SkyTeam" title="Special:EditPage/Template:SkyTeam"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_SkyTeam" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Members of <a href="/wiki/SkyTeam" title="SkyTeam">SkyTeam</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Founder members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerom%C3%A9xico" title="Aeroméxico">Aeroméxico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_France" title="Air France">Air France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Air" title="Korean Air">Korean Air</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Full members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerol%C3%ADneas_Argentinas" title="Aerolíneas Argentinas">Aerolíneas Argentinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Europa" title="Air Europa">Air Europa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Airlines" title="China Airlines">China Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Eastern_Airlines" title="China Eastern Airlines">China Eastern Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garuda_Indonesia" title="Garuda Indonesia">Garuda Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITA_Airways" title="ITA Airways">ITA Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_Airways" title="Kenya Airways">Kenya Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KLM" title="KLM">KLM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Airlines" title="Middle East Airlines">Middle East Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudia" title="Saudia">Saudia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_Airlines" title="Scandinavian Airlines">Scandinavian Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TAROM" title="TAROM">TAROM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_Airlines" title="Vietnam Airlines">Vietnam Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_Atlantic" title="Virgin Atlantic">Virgin Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XiamenAir" title="XiamenAir">XiamenAir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Affiliate members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Europa_Express" title="Air Europa Express">Air Europa Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_France_Hop" title="Air France Hop">Air France Hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerom%C3%A9xico_Connect" title="Aeroméxico Connect">Aeroméxico Connect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Connection" title="Delta Connection">Delta Connection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Shuttle" title="Delta Shuttle">Delta Shuttle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KLM_Cityhopper" title="KLM Cityhopper">KLM Cityhopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Airlines" title="Mandarin Airlines">Mandarin Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_Airlines_Connect" title="Scandinavian Airlines Connect">SAS Connect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAS_Link" title="SAS Link">SAS Link</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Airlines" title="Shanghai Airlines">Shanghai Airlines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Skyteam_Logo_001.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Skyteam_Logo_001.svg/80px-Skyteam_Logo_001.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Skyteam_Logo_001.svg/120px-Skyteam_Logo_001.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Skyteam_Logo_001.svg/160px-Skyteam_Logo_001.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="510" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alitalia" title="Alitalia">Alitalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Southern_Airlines" title="China Southern Airlines">China Southern Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Airlines" title="Continental Airlines">Continental Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Airlines" title="Czech Airlines">Czech Airlines</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Northwest Airlines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Affiliate members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerom%C3%A9xico_Travel" title="Aeroméxico Travel">Aeroméxico Travel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C.A.I._First" title="C.A.I. First">Alitalia Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alitalia_CityLiner" title="Alitalia CityLiner">Alitalia CityLiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austral_L%C3%ADneas_A%C3%A9reas" title="Austral Líneas Aéreas">Austral Líneas Aéreas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brit_Air" title="Brit Air">Brit Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CityJet" title="CityJet">CityJet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comair_(United_States)" title="Comair (United States)">Comair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Express" title="Delta Express">Delta Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobrolet_(airline)" title="Dobrolet (airline)">Dobrolet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donavia" title="Donavia">Donavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joon_(airline)" title="Joon (airline)">Joon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gional" title="Régional">Régional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_(airline)" title="Song (airline)">Song</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associate members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Copa_Airlines" title="Copa Airlines">Copa Airlines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Suspended members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeroflot" title="Aeroflot">Aeroflot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Airlines_of_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Airlines_of_the_United_States" title="Template:Airlines of the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Airlines_of_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Airlines of the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Airlines_of_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Airlines of the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Airlines_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_airlines_of_the_United_States" title="List of airlines of the United States">Airlines of the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Mainline_(aeronautics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mainline (aeronautics)">Mainline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Airlines" title="Alaska Airlines">Alaska Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allegiant_Air" title="Allegiant Air">Allegiant Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Airlines" title="American Airlines">American Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avelo_Airlines" title="Avelo Airlines">Avelo Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breeze_Airways" title="Breeze Airways">Breeze Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontier_Airlines" title="Frontier Airlines">Frontier Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Airlines" title="Hawaiian Airlines">Hawaiian Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JetBlue" title="JetBlue">JetBlue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwest_Airlines" title="Southwest Airlines">Southwest Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_Airlines" title="Spirit Airlines">Spirit Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Country_Airlines" title="Sun Country Airlines">Sun Country Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Airlines" title="United Airlines">United Airlines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Regional_airline" title="Regional airline">Regional</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Affiliated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Wisconsin" title="Air Wisconsin">Air Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CommuteAir" title="CommuteAir">CommuteAir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endeavor_Air" title="Endeavor Air">Endeavor Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Envoy_Air" title="Envoy Air">Envoy Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GoJet_Airlines" title="GoJet Airlines">GoJet Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horizon_Air" title="Horizon Air">Horizon Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesa_Airlines" title="Mesa Airlines">Mesa Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piedmont_Airlines" title="Piedmont Airlines">Piedmont Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSA_Airlines" title="PSA Airlines">PSA Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_Airways" title="Republic Airways">Republic Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SkyWest_Airlines" title="SkyWest Airlines">SkyWest Airlines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Air" title="Advanced Air">Advanced Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Flamenco" title="Air Flamenco">Air Flamenco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleutian_Airways" title="Aleutian Airways">Aleutian Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bering_Air" title="Bering Air">Bering Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boutique_Air" title="Boutique Air">Boutique Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Air" title="Cape Air">Cape Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contour_Airlines" title="Contour Airlines">Contour Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denver_Air_Connection" title="Denver Air Connection">Denver Air Connection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everts_Air" title="Everts Air">Everts Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Canyon_Airlines" title="Grand Canyon Airlines">Grand Canyon Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Aviation" title="Grant Aviation">Grant Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Island_Airways" title="Island Airways">Island Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JSX_(airline)" title="JSX (airline)">JSX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenmore_Air" title="Kenmore Air">Kenmore Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mokulele_Airlines" title="Mokulele Airlines">Mokulele Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Airlines" title="New England Airlines">New England Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penobscot_Island_Air" title="Penobscot Island Air">Penobscot Island Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravn_Alaska" title="Ravn Alaska">Ravn Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reliant_Air" title="Reliant Air">Reliant Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmon_Air" title="Salmon Air">Salmon Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Juan_Airlines" title="San Juan Airlines">San Juan Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seaborne_Airlines" title="Seaborne Airlines">Seaborne Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_Airways" title="Silver Airways">Silver Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Airways_Express" title="Southern Airways Express">Southern Airways Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Marianas_Air" title="Star Marianas Air">Star Marianas Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surf_Air" title="Surf Air">Surf Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taquan_Air" title="Taquan Air">Taquan Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tradewind_Aviation" title="Tradewind Aviation">Tradewind Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropic_Ocean_Airways" title="Tropic Ocean Airways">Tropic Ocean Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultimate_Jet" title="Ultimate Jet">Ultimate Jet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vieques_Air_Link" title="Vieques Air Link">Vieques Air Link</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warbelow%27s_Air_Ventures" title="Warbelow's Air Ventures">Warbelow's Air Ventures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wright_Air_Service" title="Wright Air Service">Wright Air Service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Cargo_airline" title="Cargo airline">Cargo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ABX_Air" title="ABX Air">ABX Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Cargo_Carriers" title="Air Cargo Carriers">Air Cargo Carriers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Transport_International" title="Air Transport International">Air Transport International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AirNet_Express" title="AirNet Express">AirNet Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Central_Express" title="Alaska Central Express">Alaska Central Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aloha_Air_Cargo" title="Aloha Air Cargo">Aloha Air Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_Air_Express" title="Alpine Air Express">Alpine Air Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Air" title="Amazon Air">Amazon Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ameriflight" title="Ameriflight">Ameriflight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amerijet_International" title="Amerijet International">Amerijet International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ameristar_Jet_Charter" title="Ameristar Jet Charter">Ameristar Jet Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia_Pacific_Airlines_(Guam)" title="Asia Pacific Airlines (Guam)">Asia Pacific Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_Air" title="Atlas Air">Atlas Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baron_Aviation_Services" title="Baron Aviation Services">Baron Aviation Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bemidji_Airlines" title="Bemidji Airlines">Bemidji Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle_Aviation" title="Castle Aviation">Castle Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporate_Air" title="Corporate Air">Corporate Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CSA_Air" title="CSA Air">CSA Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_Airlines" title="Empire Airlines">Empire Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everts_Air_Cargo" title="Everts Air Cargo">Everts Air Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FedEx_Express" title="FedEx Express">FedEx Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freight_Runners_Express" title="Freight Runners Express">Freight Runners Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalitta_Air" title="Kalitta Air">Kalitta Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalitta_Charters" title="Kalitta Charters">Kalitta Charters II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynden_Air_Cargo" title="Lynden Air Cargo">Lynden Air Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinaire" title="Martinaire">Martinaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlin_Airways" title="Merlin Airways">Merlin Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Air_Cargo" title="Mountain Air Cargo">Mountain Air Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Airlines_(N8)" title="National Airlines (N8)">National Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Air_Cargo" title="Northern Air Cargo">Northern Air Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polar_Air_Cargo" title="Polar Air Cargo">Polar Air Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Freight" title="Royal Air Freight">Royal Air Freight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Air_Services" title="Ryan Air Services">Ryan Air Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_Lease_Cargo" title="Sky Lease Cargo">Sky Lease Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans_Executive_Airlines" title="Trans Executive Airlines">Transair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UPS_Airlines" title="UPS Airlines">UPS Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA_Jet_Airlines" title="USA Jet Airlines">USA Jet Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Air_(United_States)" title="West Air (United States)">West Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Global_Airlines" title="Western Global Airlines">Western Global Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiggins_Airways" title="Wiggins Airways">Wiggins Airways</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Air_charter" title="Air charter">Charter</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Charter_Bahamas" title="Air Charter Bahamas">Air Charter Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airstream_Jets" title="Airstream Jets">Airstream Jets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alerion_Aviation" title="Alerion Aviation">Alerion Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berry_Aviation" title="Berry Aviation">Berry Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bighorn_Airways" title="Bighorn Airways">Bighorn Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choice_Airways" title="Choice Airways">Choice Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contour_Aviation" title="Contour Aviation">Contour Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Airlines,_LLC" title="Eastern Airlines, LLC">Eastern Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ExcelAire" title="ExcelAire">ExcelAire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gryphon_Airlines" title="Gryphon Airlines">Gryphon Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillwood_Airways" class="mw-redirect" title="Hillwood Airways">Hillwood Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBC_Airways" title="IBC Airways">IBC Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KaiserAir" title="KaiserAir">KaiserAir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L-3_Flight_International_Aviation" title="L-3 Flight International Aviation">L-3 Flight International Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NetJets" title="NetJets">NetJets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Pacific_Airlines" title="New Pacific Airlines">New Pacific Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omni_Air_International" title="Omni Air International">Omni Air International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Coast_Jet" title="Pacific Coast Jet">Pacific Coast Jet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentastar_Aviation" title="Pentastar Aviation">Pentastar Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Air" title="Phoenix Air">Phoenix Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlaneSense" title="PlaneSense">PlaneSense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Airways_(charter)" title="Presidential Airways (charter)">Presidential Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Sky" title="Regional Sky">Regional Sky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Pacific_Airlines" title="Sierra Pacific Airlines">Sierra Pacific Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skymax" title="Skymax">Skymax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_Air_Charter" title="Superior Air Charter">Superior Air Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_Aviation_(airline)" title="Superior Aviation (airline)">Superior Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talkeetna_Air_Taxi" title="Talkeetna Air Taxi">Talkeetna Air Taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheels_Up" title="Wheels Up">Wheels Up</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Atlantic_Airlines" title="World Atlantic Airlines">World Atlantic Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XOJET_Aviation_LLC" title="XOJET Aviation LLC">XOJET</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Air_taxi" title="Air taxi">Air taxi and tours</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gem_Air" title="Gem Air">Gem Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Canyon_Scenic_Airlines" title="Grand Canyon Scenic Airlines">Grand Canyon Scenic Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griffing_Flying_Service" title="Griffing Flying Service">Griffing Flying Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utah_Airways" title="Utah Airways">Utah Airways</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Air_medical_services" title="Air medical services">Air ambulance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Evac_Lifeteam" title="Air Evac Lifeteam">Air Evac Lifeteam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AirMed_International" title="AirMed International">AirMed International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Methods" title="Air Methods">Air Methods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_MedFlight" title="Boston MedFlight">Boston MedFlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critical_Air_Medicine" title="Critical Air Medicine">Critical Air Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_Flight_Network" title="Life Flight Network">Life Flight Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lifestar" class="mw-redirect" title="Lifestar">Lifestar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_Helicopters_International" title="Petroleum Helicopters International">Petroleum Helicopters International</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comco" title="Comco">Comco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_(airline)" title="Janet (airline)">Janet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_Prisoner_and_Alien_Transportation_System" title="Justice Prisoner and Alien Transportation System">JPATS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriot_Express" title="Patriot Express">Patriot Express</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airline_holding_companies" title="List of airline holding companies">List of airline holding companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airline_mergers_and_acquisitions" title="List of airline mergers and acquisitions">List of airline mergers and acquisitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_airlines_of_the_United_States" title="List of defunct airlines of the United States">List of defunct airlines of the United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Legacy_air_carriers_of_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Legacy_carrier" title="Template:Legacy carrier"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Legacy_carrier" title="Template talk:Legacy carrier"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Legacy_carrier" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Legacy carrier"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Legacy_air_carriers_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Legacy_carrier" title="Legacy carrier">Legacy air carriers of the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>US air carriers regulated by the <a href="/wiki/Civil_Aeronautics_Board" title="Civil Aeronautics Board">Civil Aeronautics Board</a> at the time of the 1978 <a href="/wiki/Airline_Deregulation_Act" title="Airline Deregulation Act">Airline Deregulation Act</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current legacy carriers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Airlines" title="Alaska Airlines">Alaska Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Airlines" title="American Airlines">American Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Airlines" title="Hawaiian Airlines">Hawaiian Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Airlines" title="United Airlines">United Airlines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct legacy carriers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aloha_Airlines" title="Aloha Airlines">Aloha Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braniff_International_Airways" title="Braniff International Airways">Braniff International Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Airlines" title="Continental Airlines">Continental Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Air_Lines" title="Eastern Air Lines">Eastern Air Lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontier_Airlines_(1950%E2%80%931986)" title="Frontier Airlines (1950–1986)">Frontier Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hughes_Airwest" title="Hughes Airwest">Hughes Airwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Airlines_(1934%E2%80%931980)" title="National Airlines (1934–1980)">National Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Central_Airlines" title="North Central Airlines">North Central Airlines</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Northwest Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozark_Air_Lines" title="Ozark Air Lines">Ozark Air Lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_Am" title="Pan Am">Pan Am</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piedmont_Airlines_(1948%E2%80%931989)" title="Piedmont Airlines (1948–1989)">Piedmont Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Airways" title="Southern Airways">Southern Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_International_Airlines" title="Texas International Airlines">Texas International Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans_World_Airlines" title="Trans World Airlines">Trans World Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/US_Airways" title="US Airways">US Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Airlines" title="Western Airlines">Western Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wien_Air_Alaska" title="Wien Air Alaska">Wien Air Alaska</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airlines_of_the_United_States" title="List of airlines of the United States">List of airlines of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_airlines_of_the_United_States" title="List of defunct airlines of the United States">List of defunct airlines of the United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_22x22px_International_Air_Transport_Association" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:IATA_members" title="Template:IATA members"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:IATA_members" title="Template talk:IATA members"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:IATA_members" title="Special:EditPage/Template:IATA members"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_22x22px_International_Air_Transport_Association" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Members of the <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Iata_logo_225.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Iata_logo_225.svg/22px-Iata_logo_225.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Iata_logo_225.svg/33px-Iata_logo_225.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Iata_logo_225.svg/44px-Iata_logo_225.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="330" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/International_Air_Transport_Association" title="International Air Transport Association">International Air Transport Association</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Africa_and_the_Middle_East_Region" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Africa and the Middle East Region</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africa_World_Airlines" title="Africa World Airlines">Africa World Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AfriJet" title="AfriJet">AfriJet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Alg%C3%A9rie" title="Air Algérie">Air Algérie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Arabia" title="Air Arabia">Air Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Botswana" title="Air Botswana">Air Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Burkina" title="Air Burkina">Air Burkina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Cairo" title="Air Cairo">Air Cairo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Madagascar" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Madagascar">Air Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Mauritius" title="Air Mauritius">Air Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Peace" title="Air Peace">Air Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Seychelles" title="Air Seychelles">Air Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Tanzania" title="Air Tanzania">Air Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airlink" title="Airlink">Airlink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_Air" title="Allied Air">Allied Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AlMasria_Universal_Airlines" title="AlMasria Universal Airlines">AlMasria Universal Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asky_Airlines" title="Asky Airlines">ASKY Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badr_Airlines" title="Badr Airlines">Badr Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camair-Co" title="Camair-Co">Camair-Co</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congo_Airways" title="Congo Airways">Congo Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DHL_International_Aviation_ME" title="DHL International Aviation ME">DHL International Aviation ME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptair" title="Egyptair">Egyptair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirates_(airline)" title="Emirates (airline)">Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Airlines" title="Ethiopian Airlines">Ethiopian Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etihad_Airways" title="Etihad Airways">Etihad Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fly_Baghdad" title="Fly Baghdad">Fly Baghdad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flydubai" title="Flydubai">Flydubai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FlyEgypt" title="FlyEgypt">FlyEgypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flynas" title="Flynas">Flynas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Air" title="Gulf Air">Gulf Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Air" title="Iran Air">Iran Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Airtour" title="Iran Airtour">Iran Airtour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Aseman_Airlines" title="Iran Aseman Airlines">Iran Aseman Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazeera_Airways" title="Jazeera Airways">Jazeera Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_Aviation" title="Jordan Aviation">Jordan Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kam_Air" title="Kam Air">Kam Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_Airways" title="Kenya Airways">Kenya Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait_Airways" title="Kuwait Airways">Kuwait Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LAM_Mozambique_Airlines" title="LAM Mozambique Airlines">LAM Mozambique Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania_Airlines" title="Mauritania Airlines">Mauritania Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Airlines" title="Middle East Airlines">Middle East Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nesma_Airlines" title="Nesma Airlines">Nesma Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nile_Air" title="Nile Air">Nile Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nouvelair" title="Nouvelair">Nouvelair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman_Air" title="Oman Air">Oman Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overland_Airways" title="Overland Airways">Overland Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precision_Air" title="Precision Air">Precision Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar_Airways" title="Qatar Airways">Qatar Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Maroc" title="Royal Air Maroc">Royal Air Maroc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Jordanian" title="Royal Jordanian">Royal Jordanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RwandAir" title="RwandAir">RwandAir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safair" title="Safair">Safair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudia" title="Saudia">Saudia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Airways" title="South African Airways">South African Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Air" title="Syrian Air">Syrian Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TAAG_Angola_Airlines" title="TAAG Angola Airlines">TAAG Angola Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tassili_Airlines" title="Tassili Airlines">Tassili Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisair" title="Tunisair">Tunisair</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Asia-Pacific_Region" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Asia-Pacific Region</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Cal%C3%A9donie" title="Air Calédonie">Air Calédonie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_India" title="Air India">Air India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_New_Zealand" title="Air New Zealand">Air New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Niugini" title="Air Niugini">Air Niugini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Tahiti" title="Air Tahiti">Air Tahiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Tahiti_Nui" title="Air Tahiti Nui">Air Tahiti Nui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aircalin" title="Aircalin">Aircalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Nippon_Airways" title="All Nippon Airways">All Nippon Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asiana_Airlines" title="Asiana Airlines">Asiana Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamboo_Airways" title="Bamboo Airways">Bamboo Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangkok_Airways" title="Bangkok Airways">Bangkok Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batik_Air" title="Batik Air">Batik Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batik_Air_Malaysia" title="Batik Air Malaysia">Batik Air Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biman_Bangladesh_Airlines" title="Biman Bangladesh Airlines">Biman Bangladesh Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia_Angkor_Air" title="Cambodia Angkor Air">Cambodia Angkor Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebu_Pacific" title="Cebu Pacific">Cebu Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiji_Airways" title="Fiji Airways">Fiji Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garuda_Indonesia" title="Garuda Indonesia">Garuda Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IndiGo" title="IndiGo">IndiGo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Airlines" title="Japan Airlines">Japan Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Transocean_Air" title="Japan Transocean Air">Japan Transocean Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeju_Air" title="Jeju Air">Jeju Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jin_Air" title="Jin Air">Jin Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Air" title="Korean Air">Korean Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lao_Airlines" title="Lao Airlines">Lao Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia_Airlines" title="Malaysia Airlines">Malaysia Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar_Airways_International" title="Myanmar Airways International">Myanmar Airways International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nippon_Cargo_Airlines" title="Nippon Cargo Airlines">Nippon Cargo Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_International_Airlines" title="Pakistan International Airlines">Pakistan International Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Airlines" title="Philippine Airlines">Philippine Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qantas" title="Qantas">Qantas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Brunei_Airlines" title="Royal Brunei Airlines">Royal Brunei Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scoot" title="Scoot">Scoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_Airlines" title="Singapore Airlines">Singapore Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Airlines" title="Solomon Airlines">Solomon Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpiceJet" title="SpiceJet">SpiceJet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SriLankan_Airlines" title="SriLankan Airlines">SriLankan Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%27way_Air" title="T'way Air">T'way Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_Airways_International" title="Thai Airways International">Thai Airways International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_Lion_Air" title="Thai Lion Air">Thai Lion Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_Smile" title="Thai Smile">Thai Smile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VietJet_Air" title="VietJet Air">VietJet Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_Airlines" title="Vietnam Airlines">Vietnam Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_Australia" title="Virgin Australia">Virgin Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vistara" title="Vistara">Vistara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="China_and_North_Asia_Region" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">China and North Asia Region</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Changan" title="Air Changan">Air Changan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_China" title="Air China">Air China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Guilin" title="Air Guilin">Air Guilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Koryo" title="Air Koryo">Air Koryo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Macau" title="Air Macau">Air Macau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Capital_Airlines" title="Beijing Capital Airlines">Beijing Capital Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathay_Pacific" title="Cathay Pacific">Cathay Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Airlines" title="China Airlines">China Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Cargo_Airlines" title="China Cargo Airlines">China Cargo Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Eastern_Airlines" title="China Eastern Airlines">China Eastern Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Express_Airlines" title="China Express Airlines">China Express Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Postal_Airlines" title="China Postal Airlines">China Postal Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Southern_Airlines" title="China Southern Airlines">China Southern Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EVA_Air" title="EVA Air">EVA Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuzhou_Airlines" title="Fuzhou Airlines">Fuzhou Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GX_Airlines" title="GX Airlines">GX Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hainan_Airlines" title="Hainan Airlines">Hainan Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebei_Airlines" title="Hebei Airlines">Hebei Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Airlines" title="Hong Kong Airlines">Hong Kong Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HK_Express" title="HK Express">Hong Kong Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juneyao_Air" title="Juneyao Air">Juneyao Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunming_Airlines" title="Kunming Airlines">Kunming Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loong_Air" title="Loong Air">Loong Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucky_Air" title="Lucky Air">Lucky Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Airlines" title="Mandarin Airlines">Mandarin Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIAT_Mongolian_Airlines" title="MIAT Mongolian Airlines">MIAT Mongolian Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okay_Airways" title="Okay Airways">Okay Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruili_Airlines" title="Ruili Airlines">Ruili Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SF_Airlines" title="SF Airlines">SF Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shandong_Airlines" title="Shandong Airlines">Shandong Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Airlines" title="Shanghai Airlines">Shanghai Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenzhen_Airlines" title="Shenzhen Airlines">Shenzhen Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sichuan_Airlines" title="Sichuan Airlines">Sichuan Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suparna_Airlines" title="Suparna Airlines">Suparna Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianjin_Airlines" title="Tianjin Airlines">Tianjin Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uni_Air" title="Uni Air">UNI Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urumqi_Air" title="Urumqi Air">Urumqi Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Air_(China)" title="West Air (China)">West Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XiamenAir" title="XiamenAir">XiamenAir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YTO_Cargo_Airlines" title="YTO Cargo Airlines">YTO Cargo Airlines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Europe_Region" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Europe Region</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aegean_Airlines" title="Aegean Airlines">Aegean Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aer_Lingus" title="Aer Lingus">Aer Lingus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeroflot" title="Aeroflot">Aeroflot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Astana" title="Air Astana">Air Astana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Austral" title="Air Austral">Air Austral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AirBaltic" title="AirBaltic">airBaltic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Cara%C3%AFbes" title="Air Caraïbes">Air Caraïbes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Corsica" title="Air Corsica">Air Corsica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Dolomiti" title="Air Dolomiti">Air Dolomiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Europa" title="Air Europa">Air Europa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_France" title="Air France">Air France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Malta" title="Air Malta">Air Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Moldova" title="Air Moldova">Air Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Montenegro" title="Air Montenegro">Air Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Nostrum" title="Air Nostrum">Air Nostrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Serbia" title="Air Serbia">Air Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AirBridgeCargo" title="AirBridgeCargo">AirBridgeCargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AlbaStar" title="AlbaStar">AlbaStar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amapola_Flyg" class="mw-redirect" title="Amapola Flyg">Amapola Flyg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amelia_(Regourd_Aviation)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amelia (Regourd Aviation) (page does not exist)">Amelia (Regourd Aviation)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/APG_Airlines" title="APG Airlines">APG Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkia" title="Arkia">Arkia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASL_Airlines_Belgium" title="ASL Airlines Belgium">ASL Airlines Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASL_Airlines_France" title="ASL Airlines France">ASL Airlines France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASL_Airlines_Ireland" title="ASL Airlines Ireland">ASL Airlines Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Airways" title="Atlantic Airways">Atlantic Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Airlines" title="Austrian Airlines">Austrian Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Airlines" title="Azerbaijan Airlines">Azerbaijan Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azores_Airlines" title="Azores Airlines">Azores Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belavia" title="Belavia">Belavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binter_Canarias" title="Binter Canarias">Binter Canarias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braathens_Regional_Aviation" title="Braathens Regional Aviation">Braathens Regional Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Airways" title="British Airways">British Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brussels_Airlines" title="Brussels Airlines">Brussels Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria_Air" title="Bulgaria Air">Bulgaria Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cargolux" title="Cargolux">Cargolux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carpatair" title="Carpatair">Carpatair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Challenge_Airlines_IL" title="Challenge Airlines IL">Challenge Airlines IL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CityJet" title="CityJet">CityJet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condor_(airline)" title="Condor (airline)">Condor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corendon_Airlines" title="Corendon Airlines">Corendon Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corsair_International" title="Corsair International">Corsair International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia_Airlines" title="Croatia Airlines">Croatia Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Airways" title="Cyprus Airways">Cyprus Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Airlines" title="Czech Airlines">Czech Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DHL_Air_UK" title="DHL Air UK">DHL Air UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Airways" title="Eastern Airways">Eastern Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edelweiss_Air" title="Edelweiss Air">Edelweiss Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Al" title="El Al">El Al</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EuroAtlantic_Airways" title="EuroAtlantic Airways">EuroAtlantic Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Air_Transport_Leipzig" title="European Air Transport Leipzig">European Air Transport Leipzig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurowings" title="Eurowings">Eurowings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnair" title="Finnair">Finnair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FlyOne" title="FlyOne">FlyOne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freebird_Airlines" title="Freebird Airlines">Freebird Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Bee" title="French Bee">French Bee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Airways" title="Georgian Airways">Georgian Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hi_Fly_(airline)" title="Hi Fly (airline)">Hi Fly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iberia_(airline)" title="Iberia (airline)">Iberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iberojet_(airline)" title="Iberojet (airline)">Iberojet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandair" title="Icelandair">Icelandair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israir" title="Israir">Israir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITA_Airways" title="ITA Airways">ITA Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KLM" title="KLM">KLM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Compagnie" title="La Compagnie">La Compagnie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LOT_Polish_Airlines" title="LOT Polish Airlines">LOT Polish Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lufthansa" title="Lufthansa">Lufthansa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lufthansa_Cargo" title="Lufthansa Cargo">Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lufthansa_CityLine" title="Lufthansa CityLine">CityLine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxair" title="Luxair">Luxair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinair" title="Martinair">Martinair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MNG_Airlines" title="MNG Airlines">MNG Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neos_(airline)" title="Neos (airline)">Neos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NordStar" title="NordStar">NordStar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordwind_Airlines" title="Nordwind Airlines">Nordwind Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Air" title="Olympic Air">Olympic Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegas_Fly" class="mw-redirect" title="Pegas Fly">Pegas Fly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegasus_Airlines" title="Pegasus Airlines">Pegasus Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portug%C3%A1lia_Airlines" title="Portugália Airlines">Portugália Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poste_Air_Cargo" title="Poste Air Cargo">Poste Air Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privilege_Style" title="Privilege Style">Privilege Style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qazaq_Air" title="Qazaq Air">Qazaq Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rossiya_Airlines" title="Rossiya Airlines">Rossiya Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RusLine" title="RusLine">RusLine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S7_Airlines" title="S7 Airlines">S7 Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SATA_Air_A%C3%A7ores" title="SATA Air Açores">SATA Air Açores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_Airlines" title="Scandinavian Airlines">Scandinavian Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCAT_Airlines" title="SCAT Airlines">SCAT Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silk_Way_West_Airlines" title="Silk Way West Airlines">Silk Way West Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smartavia" title="Smartavia">Smartavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smartwings" title="Smartwings">Smartwings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somon_Air" title="Somon Air">Somon Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SunExpress" title="SunExpress">SunExpress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_International_Air_Lines" title="Swiss International Air Lines">Swiss International Air Lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TAP_Air_Portugal" title="TAP Air Portugal">TAP Air Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TAROM" title="TAROM">TAROM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TUI_fly_Deutschland" title="TUI fly Deutschland">TUIfly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Airlines" title="Turkish Airlines">Turkish Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_International_Airlines" title="Ukraine International Airlines">Ukraine International Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ural_Airlines" title="Ural Airlines">Ural Airlines</a></li> <li><a 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">The Americas Region</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ABX_Air" title="ABX Air">ABX Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerol%C3%ADneas_Argentinas" title="Aerolíneas Argentinas">Aerolíneas Argentinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeromar" title="Aeromar">Aeromar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerom%C3%A9xico" title="Aeroméxico">Aeroméxico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Canada" title="Air Canada">Air Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Transat" title="Air Transat">Air Transat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Airlines" title="Alaska Airlines">Alaska Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Airlines" title="American Airlines">American Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_Air" title="Atlas Air">Atlas Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avianca" title="Avianca">Avianca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avianca_Costa_Rica" title="Avianca Costa Rica">Avianca Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avianca_Ecuador" title="Avianca Ecuador">Avianca Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avianca_El_Salvador" title="Avianca El Salvador">Avianca El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azul_Brazilian_Airlines" title="Azul Brazilian Airlines">Azul Brazilian Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahamasair" title="Bahamasair">Bahamasair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boliviana_de_Aviaci%C3%B3n" title="Boliviana de Aviación">Boliviana de Aviación</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cargojet" title="Cargojet">Cargojet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Airlines" title="Caribbean Airlines">Caribbean Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copa_Airlines" title="Copa Airlines">Copa Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copa_Airlines_Colombia" title="Copa Airlines Colombia">Copa Airlines Colombia (Aero República)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubana_de_Aviaci%C3%B3n" title="Cubana de Aviación">Cubana de Aviación</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" 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