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dir="ltr"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="English">English</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=endmember&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: English"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="was-wotd floatright" style="padding-right: 1em"><span title="This was a Wiktionary Word of the Day"><small><i><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Word_of_the_day/Archive/2018/November#7" title="Wiktionary:Word of the day/Archive/2018/November">WOTD – 7 November 2018</a></i></small></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=endmember&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Feldspar-Group-215536.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Feldspar-Group-215536.jpg/170px-Feldspar-Group-215536.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Feldspar-Group-215536.jpg/255px-Feldspar-Group-215536.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Feldspar-Group-215536.jpg/340px-Feldspar-Group-215536.jpg 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/crystal#Noun" title="crystal">crystal</a> of <a href="/wiki/feldspar" title="feldspar">feldspar</a> from <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a>. Feldspar can be described as a <a href="/wiki/solid_solution" title="solid solution">solid solution</a> of the endmembers <i>(sense 2)</i> K-feldspar (or <a href="/wiki/orthoclase" title="orthoclase">orthoclase</a>), <a href="/wiki/albite" title="albite">albite</a>, and <a href="/wiki/anorthite" title="anorthite">anorthite</a>, with different types of feldspar having varying quantities of these minerals.</figcaption></figure> <p>From <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/end#English" title="end">end</a></i> +‎ <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/member#English" title="member">member</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=endmember&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content"><span class="usage-label-accent"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Received_Pronunciation" class="extiw" title="w:Received Pronunciation">Received Pronunciation</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:English_pronunciation" title="Appendix:English pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈɛndmɛmbə/</span> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r50165410">.mw-parser-output .k-player .k-attribution{visibility:hidden}</style><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; list-style: none; line-height: 1em; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0;"><tbody><tr><td>Audio <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-content label-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_in_southern_England" class="extiw" title="w:English in southern England">Southern England</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon qualifier-colon">:</span></td><td class="audiofile"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="175" style="width:175px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-endmember.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-endmember.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-endmember.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-endmember.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-endmember.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-endmember.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 80%;">(<a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-endmember.wav" title="File:LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-endmember.wav">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content"><span class="usage-label-accent"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_American_English" class="extiw" title="w:General American English">General American</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:English_pronunciation" title="Appendix:English pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈɛndmɛmbɚ/</span></li> <li>Hyphenation: <span class="Latn" lang="en">end‧mem‧ber</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noun">Noun</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=endmember&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Noun"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="en">endmember</strong> (<i>plural</i> <b class="Latn form-of lang-en p-form-of" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/endmembers#English" title="endmembers">endmembers</a></b>)</span> </p> <ol><li>A <a href="/wiki/member" title="member">member</a> at one <a href="/wiki/end#Noun" title="end">end</a> of a <a href="/wiki/range#Noun" title="range">range</a> or <a href="/wiki/series" title="series">series</a> made up of similar members. <ul><li><div class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><span class="None" lang="und"><b>1970</b></span>, Arnold Reisman, “Condensed-vapor Phase Binary Diagrams Continued—Incongruently Vaporizing Systems”, in <cite>Phase Equilibria: Basic Principles, Applications, Experimental Techniques</cite> (Physical Chemistry; <span class="None" lang="und">19</span>), New York, N.Y., London: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_Press" class="extiw" title="w:Academic Press">Academic Press</a>, <small><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-12-586350-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-12-586350-6">→ISBN</a></small>, section C (Immiscible Solid–Vapor Systems Exhibiting Congruently Vaporizing Compounds), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VSUSBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA370">page <span class="None" lang="und">370</span></a>:</span><dl><dd><div class="h-quotation"><span class="Latn e-quotation cited-passage" lang="en">Most significant is the observation that the vaporous for the more volatile <b>end member</b> occupies a decreasingly smaller portion of the diagram as the other <b>end member</b> becomes less volatile. Ultimately, when the less volatile <b>end member</b> is essentially involatile, the vaporous of the volatile <b>end member</b> may become microscopically small.</span></div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><span class="None" lang="und"><b>1990</b></span>, Roy Chester, “The Transport of Material to the Oceans: The Atmospheric Pathway”, in <cite>Marine Geochemistry</cite>, London: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin" class="extiw" title="w:Allen & Unwin">Unwin Hyman</a>, <small><span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-94-010-9488-7">→DOI</a></span></small>, <small><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-94-010-9490-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-94-010-9490-0">→ISBN</a></small>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IobPBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA43">page <span class="None" lang="und">43</span></a>:</span><dl><dd><div class="h-quotation"><span class="Latn e-quotation cited-passage" lang="en">The physicochemical processes that control the estuarine filter must therefore be considered to operate in terms of a framework involving particulate-dissolved recycling associated with three estuarine <b>end-members</b>, i.e. river water, sea water (which may consist of more than one component <b>end-member</b>), and sediments.</span></div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><span class="None" lang="und"><b>1990</b></span>, K. A. Hunter, “Kinetics and Mechanisms of Iron Colloid Aggregation in Estuaries”, in Ronald Beckett, editor, <cite>Surface and Colloid Chemistry in Natural Waters and Water Treatment</cite>, New York, N.Y.: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Springer_Science%2BBusiness_Media" class="extiw" title="w:Springer Science+Business Media">Springer Science+Business Media</a>, <small><span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-1-4899-2510-7">→DOI</a></span></small>, <small><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4899-2512-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4899-2512-1">→ISBN</a></small>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gDqgBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA48">pages <span class="None" lang="und">48–49</span></a>:</span><dl><dd><div class="h-quotation"><span class="Latn e-quotation cited-passage" lang="en">In real estuaries, river water and seawater seldom mix together directly as <b>endmembers</b>. Rather, mixing takes place in a continuous manner that may be approximated by a series of water types, each of which has a salinity close to that of its neighbours.</span></div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><span class="None" lang="und"><b>2013</b></span>, Ion Marques, Manuel Graña, “Greedy Sparsification WM Algorithm for Endmember Induction in Hyperspectral Images”, in José Manuel Ferrández Vicente, José Ramón Álvarez Sánchez, Félix de la Paz López, Javier Toledo Moreo, editors, <cite>Natural and Artificial Computation in Engineering and Medical Applications:<span class="q-hellip-sp"> </span><span class="q-hellip-b"><span style="font-style: normal;">[</span></span><span title="5th International Work-conference on the Interplay between Natural and Artificial Computation, IWINAC 2013, Mallorca, Spain, June 10–14, 2013: Proceedings, Part II">…</span><span class="q-hellip-b"><span style="font-style: normal;">]</span></span><span class="q-hellip-b"></span></cite>, Heidelberg: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Springer_Science%2BBusiness_Media" class="extiw" title="w:Springer Science+Business Media">Springer-Verlag</a>, <small><span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-642-38622-0">→DOI</a></span></small>, <small><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-642-38621-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-642-38621-3">→ISBN</a></small>, <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0302-9743">→ISSN</a></small>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5Ue6BQAAQBAJ&pg=PA336">page <span class="None" lang="und">336</span></a>:</span><dl><dd><div class="h-quotation"><span class="Latn e-quotation cited-passage" lang="en">The Linear Mixing Model (LMM) assumes that the spectral signature of one pixel of the hyperspectral image is a linear combination of the <b>endmember</b> spectra corresponding to the aggregation of materials in the scene due to reduced sensor spatial resolution. Given the <b>endmembers</b>, unmixing algorithms compute the abundance coefficients providing sub-pixel resolution segmentations of the image.</span></div></dd></dl></div></li></ul></li> <li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac label-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content label-content"><a href="/wiki/mineralogy" title="mineralogy">mineralogy</a><span class="ib-comma label-comma">,</span> specifically</span><span class="ib-brac label-brac">)</span></span> A <a href="/wiki/mineral" title="mineral">mineral</a> that <a href="/wiki/occur" title="occur">occurs</a> at one end in a range of <a href="/wiki/solid_solution" title="solid solution">solid solutions</a>. <ul><li><div class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><span class="None" lang="und"><b>1892</b></span>, <cite>The Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society</cite>, volume <span class="None" lang="und">10</span>, London: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humphrey_Sumner_Milford" class="extiw" title="w:Humphrey Sumner Milford">H[umphrey Sumner] Milford</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" class="extiw" title="w:Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/566075042">→OCLC</a></small>, page <span class="None" lang="und">33</span>:</span><dl><dd><div class="h-quotation"><span class="Latn e-quotation cited-passage" lang="en">This group of tetragonal silicates seems to form a graduated series from akermanite to gehlenite, the constitution of the two <b>end</b>[-]<b>members</b> being (where R = Ca, with less Mg, Mn, Fe, Na<sub>2</sub>): / Akermanite, R<sub>4</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>10</sub>, or R<sub>3</sub>(RSi)Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>10</sub>, / Gehlenite, R<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>3</sub>O<sub>10</sub>, or R<sub>3</sub>(Al<sub>3</sub>)Si<sub>3</sub>O<sub>10</sub>, <span class="q-hellip-sp"> </span><span class="q-hellip-b">[</span>…<span class="q-hellip-b">]</span><span class="q-hellip-b"></span></span></div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><span class="None" lang="und"><b>1989</b></span>, I. A. Franchi, S. R. Boyd, I. P. Wright, C. T. Pillinger, “Application of Lasers in Small-sample Stable Isotopic Analysis”, in W. C. Shanks III, R. E. Criss, editors, <cite>New Frontiers in Stable Isotopic Research: Laser Probes, Ion Probes, and Small-sample Analysis:<span class="q-hellip-sp"> </span><span class="q-hellip-b"><span style="font-style: normal;">[</span></span><span title="Results of a Workshop held in Reston, Va., January 12–13, 1988, on Laser Microprobe and Ion Microprobe Analysis Techniques Perfored on Geological Samples for Stable and Rare Gas Isotopic Ratios">…</span><span class="q-hellip-b"><span style="font-style: normal;">]</span></span><span class="q-hellip-b"></span></cite> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" class="extiw" title="w:United States Geological Survey">U.S. Geological Survey</a> Bulletin; <span class="None" lang="und">1890</span>), <span style="font-style: normal;">[</span>Washington, D.C.<span style="font-style: normal;">]</span>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Government_Publishing_Office" class="extiw" title="w:United States Government Publishing Office">United States Government Printing Office</a>, <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/19630418">→OCLC</a></small>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=C0tSAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA82">page <span class="None" lang="und">82</span></a>, column 1:</span><dl><dd><div class="h-quotation"><span class="Latn e-quotation cited-passage" lang="en">These data may therefore represent mixtures of gases from two (or more) distinct sources. One <b>endmember</b> appears to be slightly enriched in <sup>84</sup>Kr and <sup>132</sup>Xe relative to the vug quartz fluids; the other <b>endmember</b> is relatively enriched in <sup>36</sup>Ar.</span></div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><span class="None" lang="und"><b>1997</b></span>, H. Pichler, C. Schmitt-Riegraf, translated by L. Hoke, <cite>Rock-forming Minerals in Thin Section</cite>, London: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapman_%26_Hall" class="extiw" title="w:Chapman & Hall">Chapman & Hall</a>, <small><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-412-64460-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-412-64460-3">→ISBN</a></small>, section 4.20 (Epidote Zoisite Group), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gFGeDsKA4awC&pg=PA156">page <span class="None" lang="und">156</span></a>, column 1:</span><dl><dd><div class="h-quotation"><span class="Latn e-quotation cited-passage" lang="en">Both the <b>endmembers</b>, epidote and clinozoisite, form the epidote sequence, in which part of the aluminium is progressively replaced by Fe<sup>3+</sup>; epidote is a typical mineral of the greenschist facies.</span></div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><span class="None" lang="und"><b>2001</b></span>, Lucy E. Edwards, “Dinocyst Biostratigraphy of Tertiary Sediments from Five Cores from Screven and Burke Counties, Georgia”, in <cite>Geology and Paleontology of Five Cores from Screven and Burke Counties, Eastern Georgia</cite> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" class="extiw" title="w:United States Geological Survey">U.S. Geological Survey</a> Professional Paper; <span class="None" lang="und">1603</span>), Reston, Va.: U.S. Geological Survey; Washington, D.C.: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Government_Publishing_Office" class="extiw" title="w:United States Government Publishing Office">United States Government Printing Office</a>, <small><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-607-95261-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-607-95261-2">→ISBN</a></small>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mt_tycd-H3IC&pg=PA46">page <span class="None" lang="und">G23</span></a>, column 2:</span><dl><dd><div class="h-quotation"><span class="Latn e-quotation cited-passage" lang="en">The category includes poorly preserved specimens and specimens that do not fall into the <b>endmember</b> morphotypes of recognized species.</span></div></dd></dl></div></li></ul></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Alternative_forms">Alternative forms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=endmember&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Alternative forms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/end_member#English" title="end member">end member</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/end-member#English" title="end-member">end-member</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hyponyms">Hyponyms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=endmember&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Hyponyms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/anorthite#English" title="anorthite">anorthite</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/hedenbergite#English" title="hedenbergite">hedenbergite</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Translations">Translations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=endmember&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Translations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="NavFrame" id="Translations-member_at_one_end_of_a_range_or_series_made_up_of_similar_members"><div class="NavHead" style="text-align:left">member at one end of a range or series made up of similar members</div><div class="NavContent"><table class="translations" role="presentation" data-gloss="member at one end of a range or series made up of similar members"><tbody><tr><td class="translations-cell multicolumn-list" colspan="3"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r81584270">.mw-parser-output .translations{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .translations-cell{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lightyellow,#FFFFe0);vertical-align:top;text-align:left}</style> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="NavFrame" id="Translations-mineral_that_occurs_at_one_end_in_a_range_of_solid_solutions"><div class="NavHead" style="text-align:left">mineral that occurs at one end in a range of solid solutions</div><div class="NavContent"><table class="translations" role="presentation" data-gloss="mineral that occurs at one end in a range of solid solutions"><tbody><tr><td class="translations-cell multicolumn-list" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81584270" /> <ul><li>Catalan: <span class="Latn" lang="ca"><a href="/w/index.php?title=terme_extrem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="terme extrem (page does not exist)">terme extrem</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr></span></li> <li>Irish: <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ceannbhall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ceannbhall (page does not exist)">ceannbhall</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr></span></li> <li>Japanese: <span class="Jpan" lang="ja"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%AF%E6%88%90%E5%88%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="端成分 (page does not exist)">端成分</a></span></li> <li>Korean: <span class="Kore" lang="ko"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%82%B4%EC%84%B1%EB%B6%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="내성분 (page does not exist)">내성분</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ko-Latn" class="tr Latn">naeseongbun</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=endmember&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/endmember" title="w:endmember"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/20px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/40px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a></span> <b class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/endmember" class="extiw" 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class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon 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data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>Not in other languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> 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