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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overview"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Overview </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overview-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operation_Enduring_Freedom_(OEF)_in_Afghanistan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operation_Enduring_Freedom_(OEF)_in_Afghanistan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) in Afghanistan </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Operation_Enduring_Freedom_(OEF)_in_Afghanistan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) in Afghanistan subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Operation_Enduring_Freedom_(OEF)_in_Afghanistan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Taliban" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taliban"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Taliban </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taliban-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-U.S.-led_coalition_action" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.S.-led_coalition_action"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 U.S.-led coalition action </div> </a> <ul id="toc-U.S.-led_coalition_action-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Combat_operations_start" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Combat_operations_start"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Combat operations start </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Combat_operations_start-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_support" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_support"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 International support </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_support-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Result" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Result"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Result </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Result-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6 Criticism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operation_Enduring_Freedom_–_Philippines_(OEF-P)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operation_Enduring_Freedom_–_Philippines_(OEF-P)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines (OEF-P) </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Operation_Enduring_Freedom_–_Philippines_(OEF-P)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines (OEF-P) subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Operation_Enduring_Freedom_–_Philippines_(OEF-P)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Abu_Sayyaf_Group" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abu_Sayyaf_Group"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Abu Sayyaf Group </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abu_Sayyaf_Group-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jemaah_Islamiyah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jemaah_Islamiyah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Jemaah Islamiyah </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jemaah_Islamiyah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-U.S._actions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.S._actions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 U.S. actions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-U.S._actions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Result_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Result_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Result </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Result_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operation_Enduring_Freedom_–_Horn_of_Africa_(OEF-HOA)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operation_Enduring_Freedom_–_Horn_of_Africa_(OEF-HOA)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa (OEF-HOA) </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Operation_Enduring_Freedom_–_Horn_of_Africa_(OEF-HOA)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa (OEF-HOA) subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Operation_Enduring_Freedom_–_Horn_of_Africa_(OEF-HOA)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-U.S._action" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.S._action"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 U.S. action </div> </a> <ul id="toc-U.S._action-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_decorations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_decorations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Military decorations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_decorations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" 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Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" > 22 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85%D8%A9" title="عملية الحرية الدائمة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عملية الحرية الدائمة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operace_Trval%C3%A1_svoboda" title="Operace Trvalá svoboda – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Operace Trvalá svoboda" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Operation Enduring Freedom" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operaci%C3%B3n_Libertad_Duradera-Afganist%C3%A1n" title="Operación Libertad Duradera-Afganistán – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Operación Libertad Duradera-Afganistán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A2%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="عملیات آزادی پایدار – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عملیات آزادی پایدار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Op%C3%A9ration_Enduring_Freedom" title="Opération Enduring Freedom – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Opération Enduring Freedom" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%AD%EA%B5%AC%EC%A0%81_%EC%9E%90%EC%9C%A0_%EC%9E%91%EC%A0%84" title="항구적 자유 작전 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="항구적 자유 작전" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operazione_Enduring_Freedom" title="Operazione Enduring Freedom – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Operazione Enduring Freedom" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enduring_Freedom_hadm%C5%B1velet" title="Enduring Freedom hadművelet – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Enduring Freedom hadművelet" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E6%9C%BD%E3%81%AE%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%A6" title="不朽の自由作戦 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="不朽の自由作戦" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operasjon_Enduring_Freedom" title="Operasjon Enduring Freedom – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Operasjon Enduring Freedom" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF_(2001%D8%A1)" title="افغانستان جنگ (2001ء) – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="افغانستان جنگ (2001ء)" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AC%DA%AF%DA%93%D9%87_(%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B0%DB%B1)" title="د افغانستان جگړه (۲۰۰۱) – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د افغانستان جگړه (۲۰۰۱)" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opera%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Liberdade_Duradoura" title="Operação Liberdade Duradoura – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Operação Liberdade Duradoura" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%C2%AB%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%C2%BB" title="Операция «Несокрушимая свобода» – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Операция «Несокрушимая свобода»" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Operation Enduring Freedom" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Операција Трајна слобода – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Операција Трајна слобода" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%8F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%99" title="ปฏิบัติการเสรีภาพยั่งยืน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ปฏิบัติการเสรีภาพยั่งยืน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F_%C2%AB%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%C2%BB" title="Операція «Нескорена свобода» – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Операція «Нескорена свобода»" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF_(2001%D8%A1)" title="افغانستان جنگ (2001ء) – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="افغانستان جنگ (2001ء)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi%E1%BA%BFn_d%E1%BB%8Bch_T%E1%BB%B1_do_B%E1%BB%81n_v%E1%BB%AFng" title="Chiến dịch Tự do Bền vững – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chiến dịch Tự do Bền vững" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8C%81%E4%B9%85%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8" title="持久自由军事行动 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="持久自由军事行动" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q326668#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" 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Find sources: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Operation+Enduring+Freedom%22">"Operation Enduring Freedom"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Operation+Enduring+Freedom%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Operation+Enduring+Freedom%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Operation+Enduring+Freedom%22+-wikipedia">books</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Operation+Enduring+Freedom%22">scholar</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Operation+Enduring+Freedom%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a> (September 2024) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Operation Enduring Freedom</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/War_on_terror" title="War on terror">war on terror</a> and <a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">War in Afghanistan</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Soldiers_of_the_10th_Mountain_Division_during_Operation_Enduring_Freedom.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/U.S._Soldiers_of_the_10th_Mountain_Division_during_Operation_Enduring_Freedom.jpg/220px-U.S._Soldiers_of_the_10th_Mountain_Division_during_Operation_Enduring_Freedom.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/U.S._Soldiers_of_the_10th_Mountain_Division_during_Operation_Enduring_Freedom.jpg/330px-U.S._Soldiers_of_the_10th_Mountain_Division_during_Operation_Enduring_Freedom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/U.S._Soldiers_of_the_10th_Mountain_Division_during_Operation_Enduring_Freedom.jpg/440px-U.S._Soldiers_of_the_10th_Mountain_Division_during_Operation_Enduring_Freedom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a> U.S. soldiers of the Army's 10th Mountain Division deployed during Operation Enduring Freedom 2009</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>7 October 2001 – 28 December 2014 (in Afghanistan)<a href="#cite_note-CRS-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> (13 years, 2 months and 3 weeks)</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republic_of_Afghanistan" title="Islamic Republic of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sahara_Desert" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahara Desert">Sahara Desert</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">In Afghanistan</a>: (completed) <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Flag_of_NATO.svg/20px-Flag_of_NATO.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Flag_of_NATO.svg/31px-Flag_of_NATO.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Flag_of_NATO.svg/40px-Flag_of_NATO.svg.png 2x" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/42px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li>Former: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan"><img alt="Afghanistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281992%E2%80%932001%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281992%E2%80%932001%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281992%E2%80%932001%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281992%E2%80%932001%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281992%E2%80%932001%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281992%E2%80%932001%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Northern_Alliance" title="Northern Alliance">Northern Alliance</a></li></ul></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Philippines" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines">In the Philippines</a>: (completed) <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Horn_of_Africa" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa">In Somalia/Horn of Africa</a>: <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Flag_of_NATO.svg/20px-Flag_of_NATO.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Flag_of_NATO.svg/31px-Flag_of_NATO.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Flag_of_NATO.svg/40px-Flag_of_NATO.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /> <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /> <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_SADC.svg/23px-Flag_of_SADC.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_SADC.svg/35px-Flag_of_SADC.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_SADC.svg/45px-Flag_of_SADC.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Southern_African_Development_Community" title="Southern African Development Community">SADC</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" 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data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Train_and_Equip_Program" title="Georgia Train and Equip Program">In Georgia</a>: (completed) <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Transit_Center_at_Manas" title="Transit Center at Manas">In Kyrgyzstan</a>: (completed) <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Participants_in_Operation_Enduring_Freedom" title="Participants in Operation Enduring Freedom">Other nations</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republic_of_Afghanistan" title="Islamic Republic of Afghanistan"><img alt="Islamic Republic of Afghanistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> In Afghanistan: <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines"><img alt="Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> In the Philippines: <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Abu_Sayyaf" title="Abu Sayyaf">Abu Sayyaf</a> (from 2001)</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Jemaah_Islamiyah" title="Jemaah Islamiyah">Jemaah Islamiyah</a> (until 2024)</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_the_Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_the_Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_the_Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front.svg/43px-Flag_of_the_Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /> <a href="/wiki/Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front" title="Moro Islamic Liberation Front">Moro Islamic Liberation Front</a> (until 2012)</li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia"><img alt="Somalia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> In Somalia: <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/ShababFlag.svg/23px-ShababFlag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/ShababFlag.svg/35px-ShababFlag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/ShababFlag.svg/45px-ShababFlag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Al-Shabaab_(militant_group)" title="Al-Shabaab (militant group)">Al-Shabaab</a> (from 2006)</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Hizbul_Islam" title="Hizbul Islam">Hizbul Islam</a> (until 2014)</li></ul> In Sahara: <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/AQMI_Flag.svg/23px-AQMI_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/AQMI_Flag.svg/35px-AQMI_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/AQMI_Flag.svg/45px-AQMI_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda_Organization_in_the_Islamic_Maghreb" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Qaeda Organization in the Islamic Maghreb">Al-Qaeda Organization in the Islamic Maghreb</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/AQMI_Flag.svg/23px-AQMI_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/AQMI_Flag.svg/35px-AQMI_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/AQMI_Flag.svg/45px-AQMI_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Jama%27at_Nasr_al-Islam_wal-Muslimin" title="Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal-Muslimin">Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal-Muslimin</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> CIC <a href="/wiki/George_W_Bush" class="mw-redirect" title="George W Bush">George W Bush</a> (2001–2009) <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> CIC <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> (2009–2014) <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> GEN <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Franks" title="Tommy Franks">Tommy Franks</a> (2001–2003) <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> GEN <a href="/wiki/John_Abizaid" title="John Abizaid">John Abizaid</a> (2003–2007) <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> ADM <a href="/wiki/William_J._Fallon" title="William J. Fallon">William J. Fallon</a> (2007–2008) <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> GEN <a href="/wiki/Martin_Dempsey" title="Martin Dempsey">Martin Dempsey</a> (2008–2015) <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/MRAF" class="mw-redirect" title="MRAF">MRAF</a> Sir <a href="/wiki/Graham_Stirrup" class="mw-redirect" title="Graham Stirrup">Graham Stirrup</a> (2003–2011) <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> GEN <a href="/wiki/David_Petraeus" title="David Petraeus">David Petraeus</a> (2008–2010)</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan"><img alt="Afghanistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Mullah_Omar" title="Mullah Omar">Mohammad Omar</a> <a href="/wiki/Death_by_natural_causes" class="mw-redirect" title="Death by natural causes">#</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" title="Osama bin Laden">Osama bin Laden</a> <a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Osama_bin_Laden" title="Killing of Osama bin Laden">†</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Ayman_al-Zawahiri" title="Ayman al-Zawahiri">Ayman al-Zawahiri</a> <a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Ayman_al-Zawahiri" title="Killing of Ayman al-Zawahiri">†</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Khadaffy_Janjalani" title="Khadaffy Janjalani">Khadaffy Janjalani</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action">†</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Riduan_Isamuddin" title="Riduan Isamuddin">Riduan Isamuddin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war"><abbr title="Prisoner of war">POW</abbr></a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> 45,000+ killed <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> 2,380 killed by January 2016<a href="#cite_note-iCasualties-5">[5]</a> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> 456 killed<a href="#cite_note-iCasualties-5">[5]</a> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> 158 killed<a href="#cite_note-iCasualties-5">[5]</a> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> 90 killed<a href="#cite_note-iCasualties-5">[5]</a> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> 57 killed<a href="#cite_note-iCasualties-5">[5]</a> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a> 53 killed<a href="#cite_note-iCasualties-5">[5]</a> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a> 43 killed<a href="#cite_note-iCasualties-5">[5]</a> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a> 41 killed<a href="#cite_note-iCasualties-5">[5]</a> <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a> 40 killed<a href="#cite_note-iCasualties-5">[5]</a> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a> 34 killed<a href="#cite_note-iCasualties-5">[5]</a> <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)"><img alt="Georgia (country)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> 32 killed<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Others 200+ killed<a href="#cite_note-iCasualties-5">[5]</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan"><img alt="Afghanistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> In Afghanistan: <ul><li>72,000+ killed<a href="#cite_note-the_Washington_post-7">[7]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines"><img alt="Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> In the Philippines: <ul><li>328+<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia"><img alt="Somalia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> In Somalia: <ul><li>260 to 365 killed<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Operation_Enduring_Freedom" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_OEF" title="Template:Campaignbox OEF"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_OEF" title="Template talk:Campaignbox OEF"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_OEF" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox OEF"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Operation_Enduring_Freedom" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Operation Enduring Freedom</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Philippines" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Horn_of_Africa" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa">Horn of Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pankisi_Gorge_operations_of_Georgian_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Pankisi Gorge operations of Georgian Army">Pankisi Gorge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Trans_Sahara" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Trans Sahara">Sahara Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Caribbean_and_Central_America" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Caribbean and Central America">Caribbean and Central America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) was the official name used by the <a href="/wiki/U.S._government" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. government">U.S. government</a> for both the first stage (2001–2014) of the <a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)</a> and the larger-scale <a href="/wiki/Global_War_on_Terrorism" class="mw-redirect" title="Global War on Terrorism">Global War on Terrorism</a>. On 7 October 2001, in response to the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> announced that airstrikes against <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">Al-Qaeda</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a> had begun in Afghanistan.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> Beyond the military actions in Afghanistan, Operation Enduring Freedom was also affiliated with <a href="/wiki/Counterterrorism" title="Counterterrorism">counterterrorism</a> operations in other countries, such as <a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Philippines" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines">OEF-Philippines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Trans_Sahara" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Trans Sahara">OEF-Trans Sahara</a>.<a href="#cite_note-HELPING-GEORGIA-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lamothe-13">[13]</a> After 13 years, on 28 December 2014, <a href="/wiki/President_Barack_Obama" class="mw-redirect" title="President Barack Obama">President Barack Obama</a> announced the end of Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> Subsequent operations in Afghanistan by the United States' military forces, both non-combat and combat, occurred under the name <a href="/wiki/Operation_Freedom%27s_Sentinel" title="Operation Freedom's Sentinel">Operation Freedom's Sentinel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Tilghman-15">[15]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subordinate_operations">Subordinate operations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Subordinate operations">edit</a>]</div> Operation Enduring Freedom referred to the U.S.-led combat mission in Afghanistan.<a href="#cite_note-Philipps-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dempsey-17">[17]</a> The codename was also used for <a href="/wiki/Counterterrorism" title="Counterterrorism">counter-terrorism</a> operations in other countries targeting <a href="/wiki/Al_Qaeda" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Qaeda">Al Qaeda</a> and remnants of the <a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Philippines" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines">OEF-Philippines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Trans_Sahara" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Trans Sahara">OEF-Trans Sahara</a>, primarily through government funding vehicles.<a href="#cite_note-HELPING-GEORGIA-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lamothe-13">[13]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">Operation Enduring Freedom</a> (OEF), 7 October 2001–31 December 2014. Succeeded by Operation Freedom's Sentinel.<a href="#cite_note-OEFover-18">[18]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Philippines" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines">Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines</a> (OEF-P, formerly Operation Freedom Eagle), 15 January 2002 – 24 February 2015<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Horn_of_Africa" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa">Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa</a> (OEF-HOA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pankisi_gorge" class="mw-redirect" title="Pankisi gorge">Operation Enduring Freedom – Pankisi Gorge</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Trans_Sahara" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Trans Sahara">Operation Enduring Freedom – Trans Sahara</a> (OEF-TS; see also <a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_the_Maghreb_(2002%E2%80%93present)" title="Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)">Insurgency in the Maghreb</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Caribbean_and_Central_America" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Caribbean and Central America">Operation Enduring Freedom – Caribbean and Central America</a> (OEF-CCA)<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transit_Center_at_Manas#Operation_Enduring_Freedom" title="Transit Center at Manas">Operation Enduring Freedom – Kyrgyzstan</a>, 18 December 2001 – 3 June 2014<a href="#cite_note-Bolger-23">[23]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Etymology">edit</a>]</div> The U.S. government used the term "Operation Enduring Freedom" to officially describe the <a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">War in Afghanistan</a>, from the period between 7 October 2001 and 31 December 2014.<a href="#cite_note-OEFover-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> Subsequent operations in Afghanistan by the United States' military forces, both non-combat and combat, occurred under the name <a href="/wiki/Operation_Freedom%27s_Sentinel" title="Operation Freedom's Sentinel">Operation Freedom's Sentinel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Tilghman-15">[15]</a> The operation was originally called "Operation Infinite Justice," but as similar phrases have been used by adherents of several religions as an exclusive description of God, it is believed to have been changed to avoid offense to Muslims who are the majority religion in Afghanistan.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_News-25">[25]</a> In September 2001, U.S. President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a>'s remark that "this <a href="/wiki/Crusade" class="mw-redirect" title="Crusade">crusade</a>, this war on terrorism, is going to take a while," which prompted widespread criticism from the Islamic world, may also have contributed to the renaming of the operation.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_News-25">[25]</a> The term "OEF" typically refers to the phase of the War in Afghanistan from 2001 to 2014. Other operations, such as the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Train_and_Equip_Program" title="Georgia Train and Equip Program">Georgia Train and Equip Program</a>, are only loosely or nominally connected, such as through government funding vehicles.<a href="#cite_note-HELPING-GEORGIA-12">[12]</a> All the operations, however, have a focus on <a href="/wiki/Counterterrorism" title="Counterterrorism">counterterrorism</a> activities. Operation Enduring Freedom, which was a joint U.S., U.K., and Afghan operation, was separate from the <a href="/wiki/International_Security_Assistance_Force" title="International Security Assistance Force">International Security Assistance Force</a> (ISAF), which was an operation of <a href="/wiki/North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="North Atlantic Treaty Organization">North Atlantic Treaty Organization</a> nations including the U.S. and the U.K.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> The two operations ran in parallel, although it had been suggested that they merge.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Overview">edit</a>]</div> In response to the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a>, the early combat operations that took place on 7 October 2001 to include a mix of strikes from land-based <a href="/wiki/B-1_Lancer" class="mw-redirect" title="B-1 Lancer">B-1 Lancer</a>, <a href="/wiki/B-2_Spirit" class="mw-redirect" title="B-2 Spirit">B-2 Spirit</a> and <a href="/wiki/B-52_Stratofortress" class="mw-redirect" title="B-52 Stratofortress">B-52 Stratofortress</a> bombers, carrier-based <a href="/wiki/F-14_Tomcat" class="mw-redirect" title="F-14 Tomcat">F-14 Tomcat</a> and <a href="/wiki/F/A-18_Hornet" class="mw-redirect" title="F/A-18 Hornet">F/A-18 Hornet</a> fighters, and <a href="/wiki/Tomahawk_(missile_family)" title="Tomahawk (missile family)">Tomahawk cruise missiles</a> launched from both U.S. and British ships and submarines signaled the start of Operation Enduring Freedom. The initial military objectives of OEF, as articulated by President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> in his 20 September address to a Joint Session of Congress and his 7 October address to the country, included the destruction of <a href="/wiki/Terrorist_training_camp" title="Terrorist training camp">terrorist training camps</a> and <a href="/wiki/Infrastructure" title="Infrastructure">infrastructure</a> within Afghanistan, the capture of <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a> leaders, and the cessation of terrorist activities in Afghanistan.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> In January 2002, over 1,200 soldiers from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Special_Operations_Command" title="United States Special Operations Command">United States Special Operations Command Pacific</a> (SOCPAC) deployed to the Philippines to support the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Philippines" title="Armed Forces of the Philippines">Armed Forces of the Philippines</a> (AFP) in their push to uproot terrorist forces on the island of <a href="/wiki/Basilan" title="Basilan">Basilan</a>. Of those groups included are <a href="/wiki/Abu_Sayyaf" title="Abu Sayyaf">Abu Sayyaf Group</a> (ASG), <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jemaah_Islamiyah" title="Jemaah Islamiyah">Jemaah Islamiyah</a>.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> The operation consisted of training the AFP in counter-terrorist operations as well as supporting the local people with humanitarian aid in <a href="/wiki/Operation_Smiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Smiles">Operation Smiles</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Smiles-30">[30]</a> In October 2002, the <a href="/wiki/Combined_Task_Force_150" title="Combined Task Force 150">Combined Task Force 150</a> and United States military Special Forces established themselves in Djibouti at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Lemonnier" title="Camp Lemonnier">Camp Lemonnier</a>. The stated goals of the operation were to provide humanitarian aid and patrol the <a href="/wiki/Horn_of_Africa" title="Horn of Africa">Horn of Africa</a> to reduce the abilities of terrorist organizations in the region. Similar to OEF-P, the goal of humanitarian aid was emphasized, ostensibly to prevent militant organizations from being able to take hold amongst the population as well as reemerge after being removed. The military aspect involves coalition forces searching and boarding ships entering the region for illegal cargo as well as providing training and equipment to the armed forces in the region. The humanitarian aspect involves building schools, clinics and water wells to enforce the confidence of the local people. Since 2001, the cumulative expenditure by the U.S. government on Operation Enduring Freedom has exceeded $150 billion.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operation_Enduring_Freedom_(OEF)_in_Afghanistan">Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) in Afghanistan</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) in Afghanistan">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taliban">Taliban</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Taliban">edit</a>]</div> Seizing upon a <a href="/wiki/Power_vacuum" title="Power vacuum">power vacuum</a> after the Soviets withdrew from Afghanistan after their <a href="/wiki/Soviet_invasion_of_Afghanistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet invasion of Afghanistan">invasion</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a> governed Afghanistan from 1996 to 2001. Their extreme interpretation of Islamic law prompted them to ban music, television, sports, and dancing, and enforce harsh judicial penalties (See <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Afghanistan" title="Human rights in Afghanistan">Human rights in Afghanistan</a>). Amputation was an accepted form of punishment for stealing,<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> and public executions could often be seen at the Kabul football stadium.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Women's rights groups around the world were frequently critical as the Taliban banned women from appearing in public or holding many jobs outside the home.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] They drew further criticism<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> when they destroyed the <a href="/wiki/Buddhas_of_Bamyan" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhas of Bamyan">Buddhas of Bamyan</a>, historical statues nearly 1,500 years old, because the Buddhas were considered idols. In 1996, Saudi <a href="/wiki/Dissident" title="Dissident">dissident</a> <a href="/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" title="Osama bin Laden">Osama bin Laden</a> moved to Afghanistan. When the Taliban came to power, bin Laden was able to forge an alliance between the Taliban and his <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a> organization. It is understood that al-Qaeda-trained fighters known as the <a href="/wiki/055_Brigade" title="055 Brigade">055 Brigade</a> were integrated with the Taliban army between 1997 and 2001. It has been suggested that the Taliban and bin Laden had very close connections.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="U.S.-led_coalition_action">U.S.-led coalition action</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: U.S.-led coalition action">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)</a></div> On 20 September 2001, the U.S. stated that Osama bin Laden was behind the <a href="/wiki/11_September_attacks" class="mw-redirect" title="11 September attacks">11 September attacks</a> in 2001. The U.S. made a five-point ultimatum to the Taliban:<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> <dl><dd><ul><li>Deliver to the U.S. all of the leaders of al-Qaeda</li> <li>Release all imprisoned foreign nationals</li> <li>Close immediately every terrorist training camp</li> <li>Hand over every terrorist and their supporters to appropriate authorities</li> <li>Give the United States full access to terrorist training camps for inspection</li></ul></dd></dl> On 21 September 2001, the <a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a> rejected this ultimatum, stating there was no evidence in their possession linking bin Laden to the 11 September attacks.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> On 22 September 2001 the United Arab Emirates and later Saudi Arabia withdrew their recognition of the Taliban as the legal government of Afghanistan, leaving neighboring Pakistan as the only remaining country with diplomatic ties. On 4 October 2001, it was reported that the Taliban covertly offered to turn bin Laden over to Pakistan for trial in an international tribunal that operated according to Islamic <a href="/wiki/Sharia_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharia law">shar'ia law</a>.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> On 7 October 2001, the Taliban proposed to try bin Laden in Afghanistan in an Islamic court.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> This proposition was immediately rejected by the US.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> On 14 October 2001, the Taliban proposed to hand bin Laden over to a third country for trial, but only if they were given evidence of bin Laden's involvement in the events of 11 September 2001.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> The <a href="/wiki/UN_Security_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="UN Security Council">UN Security Council</a>, on 16 January 2002, unanimously established an arms embargo and the freezing of identifiable assets belonging to bin Laden, al-Qaeda, and the remaining Taliban. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Combat_operations_start">Combat operations start</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Combat operations start">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fleet_5_nations.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Fleet_5_nations.jpg/300px-Fleet_5_nations.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Fleet_5_nations.jpg/450px-Fleet_5_nations.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Fleet_5_nations.jpg/600px-Fleet_5_nations.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1829" /></a><figcaption>5-country multinational fleet, during Operation Enduring Freedom in the Oman Sea. In four descending columns, from left to right: <a href="/wiki/Italian_frigate_Maestrale_(F_570)" title="Italian frigate Maestrale (F 570)">Maestrale</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_frigate_De_Grasse" title="French frigate De Grasse">De Grasse</a>; <a href="/wiki/USS_John_C._Stennis" title="USS John C. Stennis">USS John C. Stennis</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_aircraft_carrier_Charles_de_Gaulle" title="French aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_frigate_Surcouf" title="French frigate Surcouf">Surcouf</a>; <a href="/wiki/USS_Port_Royal_(CG-73)" title="USS Port Royal (CG-73)">USS Port Royal</a>, <a href="/wiki/HMS_Ocean_(L12)" title="HMS Ocean (L12)">HMS Ocean</a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_John_F._Kennedy_(CV-67)" title="USS John F. Kennedy (CV-67)">USS John F. Kennedy</a>, <a href="/wiki/HNLMS_Van_Amstel_(F831)" title="HNLMS Van Amstel (F831)">HNLMS Van Amstel</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Italian_destroyer_Luigi_Durand_de_la_Penne_(D_560)" title="Italian destroyer Luigi Durand de la Penne (D 560)">Luigi Durand de la Penne</a></figcaption></figure> On Sunday 7 October 2001, American and British warplanes began fighting Taliban forces and al-Qaeda. Cruise missiles were fired from warships.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Afghan_Northern_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="Afghan Northern Alliance">Northern Alliance</a>, aided by <a href="/wiki/Joint_Special_Operations_Command" title="Joint Special Operations Command">Joint Special Operations</a> teams consisting of Green Berets from the <a href="/wiki/5th_Special_Forces_Group_(United_States)" title="5th Special Forces Group (United States)">5th Special Forces Group</a>, aircrew members from the <a href="/wiki/160th_Special_Operations_Aviation_Regiment_(Airborne)" title="160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment (Airborne)">160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment</a> (SOAR), and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Combat_Control_Team" title="United States Air Force Combat Control Team">Air Force Combat Controllers</a>, fought against the Taliban. Aided by U.S. bombing and massive defections, they captured <a href="/wiki/Mazar-i-Sharif" title="Mazar-i-Sharif">Mazar-i-Sharif</a> on 9 November. They then rapidly gained control of most of northern Afghanistan, and took control of Kabul on 13 November after the Taliban unexpectedly fled the city. The Taliban were restricted to a smaller and smaller region, with <a href="/wiki/Kunduz" title="Kunduz">Kunduz</a>, the last Taliban-held city in the north, captured on 26 November. Most of the Taliban fled to Pakistan. The war continued in the south of the country, where the Taliban retreated to <a href="/wiki/Kandahar" title="Kandahar">Kandahar</a>. Whilst in Kandahar the Taliban agreed to surrender but the deal was rejected by Secretary of Defense <a href="/wiki/Donald_Rumsfeld" title="Donald Rumsfeld">Donald Rumsfeld</a> as it would have provided amnesty to Taliban leader <a href="/wiki/Mullah_Mohammed_Omar" class="mw-redirect" title="Mullah Mohammed Omar">Mullah Mohammed Omar</a>.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> After Kandahar fell in December,<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> remnants of the Taliban and al-Qaeda continued to <a href="/wiki/Taliban_insurgency" title="Taliban insurgency">mount resistance</a>. Meanwhile, in November 2001 the U.S. military and its allied forces established their first ground base in Afghanistan to the south west of <a href="/wiki/Kandahar" title="Kandahar">Kandahar</a>, known as <a href="/wiki/Camp_Rhino" title="Camp Rhino">FOB Rhino</a>.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tora_Bora" title="Battle of Tora Bora">Battle of Tora Bora</a>, involving U.S., German, British and Northern Alliance forces took place in December 2001 to further destroy the Taliban and suspected al-Qaeda in Afghanistan. In early March 2002 the United States military, along with allied Afghan military forces, conducted a large operation to destroy al-Qaeda in an operation code-named <a href="/wiki/Operation_Anaconda" title="Operation Anaconda">Operation Anaconda</a>. The operation was carried out by elements of the United States <a href="/wiki/10th_Mountain_Division_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="10th Mountain Division (United States)">10th Mountain Division</a>, <a href="/wiki/101st_Airborne_Division" title="101st Airborne Division">101st Airborne Division</a>, the <a href="/wiki/U.S._special_forces" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. special forces">U.S. special forces</a> groups TF 11, TF Bowie, TF Dagger, TF K-Bar, British <a href="/wiki/Royal_Marines" title="Royal Marines">Royal Marines</a>, the Norwegian <a href="/wiki/Forsvarets_Spesialkommando" title="Forsvarets Spesialkommando">Forsvarets Spesialkommando</a> (FSK), <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A6rens_Jegerkommando" title="Hærens Jegerkommando">Hærens Jegerkommando</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marinejegerkommandoen" title="Marinejegerkommandoen">Marinejegerkommandoen</a>, Canada's 3rd Battalion <a href="/wiki/Princess_Patricia%27s_Canadian_Light_Infantry" title="Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry">Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry</a>, Canada's <a href="/wiki/Joint_Task_Force_2" title="Joint Task Force 2">Joint Task Force 2</a>, the German <a href="/wiki/Kommando_Spezialkr%C3%A4fte" title="Kommando Spezialkräfte">KSK</a>, and elements of the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Special_Air_Service_Regiment" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Special Air Service Regiment">Australian Special Air Service Regiment</a> and of the <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service_of_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Air Service of New Zealand">New Zealand Special Air Service</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Afghan_National_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Afghan National Army">Afghan National Army</a>. After managing to evade U.S. forces throughout the summer of 2002, the remnants of the Taliban gradually began to regain their confidence. A U.S. and Canadian led operation (supported by British and Dutch forces), <a href="/wiki/Operation_Mountain_Thrust" title="Operation Mountain Thrust">Operation Mountain Thrust</a> was launched in May 2006 to counter renewed Taliban insurgency. Since January 2006, the <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> <a href="/wiki/International_Security_Assistance_Force" title="International Security Assistance Force">International Security Assistance Force</a> undertook combat duties from Operation Enduring Freedom in southern Afghanistan, the NATO force chiefly made up of British, Canadian and Dutch forces (and some smaller contributions from Denmark, Romania and Estonia and air support from Norway as well as air and artillery support from the U.S.) (see the article <a href="/wiki/Coalition_combat_operations_in_Afghanistan_in_2006" title="Coalition combat operations in Afghanistan in 2006">Coalition combat operations in Afghanistan in 2006</a>). The United States military also conducts military operations separate from NATO as part of Operation Enduring Freedom in other parts of Afghanistan, in areas such as Kandahar, Bagram, and Kabul (including <a href="/wiki/Camp_Eggers" title="Camp Eggers">Camp Eggers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Camp_Phoenix" class="mw-redirect" title="Camp Phoenix">Camp Phoenix</a>.) <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_support">International support</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: International support">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Participants_in_Operation_Enduring_Freedom" title="Participants in Operation Enduring Freedom">Participants in Operation Enduring Freedom</a></div> The United States was supported by <a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_-_Afghanistan:_Allies" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Enduring Freedom - Afghanistan: Allies">several nations</a> during Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) in Afghanistan in 2001–2003 and in subsequent coalition operations directly or indirectly in support of OEF. See the article <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan_War_order_of_battle" class="mw-redirect" title="Afghanistan War order of battle">Afghanistan War order of battle</a> for the disposition of coalition forces in Afghanistan as of 2012. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Result">Result</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Result">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Close_Air_Support_(8260511841).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Close_Air_Support_%288260511841%29.jpg/220px-Close_Air_Support_%288260511841%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Close_Air_Support_%288260511841%29.jpg/330px-Close_Air_Support_%288260511841%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Close_Air_Support_%288260511841%29.jpg/440px-Close_Air_Support_%288260511841%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5226" data-file-height="3318" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_AV-8B_Harrier_II" title="McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II">AV-8B Harrier IIs</a> from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">United States Marine Corps</a>' <a href="/wiki/VMA-231" title="VMA-231">VMA-231</a> provide <a href="/wiki/Close_air_support" title="Close air support">close air support</a> over <a href="/wiki/Helmand_Province" title="Helmand Province">Helmand Province</a> in December 2012.</figcaption></figure> The U.S.-led coalition initially removed the <a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a> from power and seriously crippled <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a> and associated militants in Afghanistan. However, success in quelling the Taliban insurgency since the 2001 invasion has faltered. As the war dragged on, the Taliban demonstrated they could not be defeated also thanks to sanctuary in neighboring Pakistan.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> On 9 October 2004, Afghanistan elected <a href="/wiki/Hamid_Karzai" title="Hamid Karzai">Hamid Karzai</a> president in its first direct elections. The following year, Afghans conducted the <a href="/wiki/2005_Afghan_parliamentary_election" title="2005 Afghan parliamentary election">2005 Afghan parliamentary election</a> on 18 September. Since the invasion, hundreds of schools and mosques have been constructed, millions of dollars in aid have been distributed, and the occurrence of violence has been reduced. While military forces interdicted <a href="/wiki/Insurgency" title="Insurgency">insurgents</a> and assured some form of security, <a href="/wiki/Provincial_reconstruction_team" class="mw-redirect" title="Provincial reconstruction team">Provincial reconstruction teams</a> were tasked with infrastructure building, such as constructing roads and bridges, assisting during floods, and providing food and water to <a href="/wiki/Afghan_refugees" title="Afghan refugees">refugees</a>. Many warlords have participated in an allegiance program, formally recognizing the legitimacy of the government of Afghanistan, and formally surrendering their soldiers and weapons. Subsequent actions have led to questions about their true loyalties. The <a href="/wiki/Afghan_National_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Afghan National Army">Afghan National Army</a>, <a href="/wiki/Afghan_National_Police" title="Afghan National Police">Afghan National Police</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Afghan_Border_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Afghan Border Police">Afghan Border Police</a> were being trained to assume the task of securing their nation. On 31 December 2014, Operation Enduring Freedom concluded, and was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Operation_Freedom%27s_Sentinel" title="Operation Freedom's Sentinel">Operation Freedom's Sentinel</a> on 1 January 2015.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-bloomberg.com-51">[51]</a> In 2020, the US left Afghanistan to the Taliban under an agreement ensuring a safe passage for American forces out of the country by mid 2021.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> On 15 August 2021, all of Afghanistan, besides Kabul, was back in the hands of Taliban. By August 31, all US and allied forces departed the Hamid Karzai International Airport, thus ending any official operations within Afghanistan.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-bloomberg.com-51">[51]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Criticism">Criticism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Criticism">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_War_on_Terror" class="mw-redirect" title="Criticism of the War on Terror">Criticism of the War on Terror</a></div> Hardliner newspapers in Iran and religious scholars in Lebanon suggested "Infinite Imperialism," "Infinite Arrogance," or "Infinite Injustice" might have been more appropriate name for the operation.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_News-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> AFP, reporting on a news story in the Sunday, 3 April 2004, issue of <a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a>,<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> wrote that retired Army Colonel Hy Rothstein, "who served in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Special_Forces" title="United States Army Special Forces">Army Special Forces</a> for more than 20 years [and was] commissioned by <a href="/wiki/The_Pentagon" title="The Pentagon">the Pentagon</a> to examine the war in Afghanistan, concluded the conflict created conditions that have given 'warlordism, banditry and opium production a new lease on life.' " The conduct of U.S. forces was criticised in a report entitled Enduring Freedom – Abuses by U.S. Forces in Afghanistan by U.S.-based human rights group <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> in 2004. Some Pakistani scholars, such as <a href="/wiki/Masood_Ashraf_Raja" title="Masood Ashraf Raja">Masood Ashraf Raja</a>, editor of <a href="/wiki/Pakistaniaat:_A_Journal_of_Pakistan_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistaniaat: A Journal of Pakistan Studies">Pakistaniaat</a>, have also provided a more specific form of criticism that relates to the consequences of the Global War on Terrorism on the region.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operation_Enduring_Freedom_–_Philippines_(OEF-P)">Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines (OEF-P)</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines (OEF-P)">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Philippines" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines">Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abu_Sayyaf_Group">Abu Sayyaf Group</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Abu Sayyaf Group">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Abu_Sayyaf" title="Abu Sayyaf">Abu Sayyaf</a></div> The Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) Al Harakat Al Islamiyya, is deemed a "foreign terrorist organization" by the United States government. Specifically, it is an <a href="/wiki/Islamist" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamist">Islamist</a> separatist group based in and around the southern islands of the Republic of the Philippines, primarily <a href="/wiki/Jolo" title="Jolo">Jolo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basilan" title="Basilan">Basilan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-62">[62]</a> Since inception in the early 1990s, the group has carried out <a href="/wiki/Bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombing">bombings</a>, assassinations, <a href="/wiki/Kidnapping" title="Kidnapping">kidnappings</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Extortion" title="Extortion">extortion</a> in their fight for an independent Islamic state in western <a href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Sulu_Archipelago" title="Sulu Archipelago">Sulu Archipelago</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-62">[62]</a> Its claimed overarching goal is to create a Pan-Islamic superstate across the Malay portions of Southeast Asia, spanning, from east to west, the large island of Mindanao, the Sulu Archipelago (Basilan and Jolo islands), the large island of <a href="/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Borneo</a> (Malaysia and Indonesia), the <a href="/wiki/South_China_Sea" title="South China Sea">South China Sea</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Malay_Peninsula" title="Malay Peninsula">Malay Peninsula</a> (<a href="/wiki/Peninsular_Malaysia" title="Peninsular Malaysia">Peninsular Malaysia</a>, Thailand and <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jemaah_Islamiyah">Jemaah Islamiyah</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Jemaah Islamiyah">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Jemaah_Islamiyah" title="Jemaah Islamiyah">Jemaah Islamiyah</a></div> Jemaah Islamiyah is a <a href="/wiki/Militant_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Militant Islam">militant Islamic</a> terrorist organization dedicated to the establishment of a fundamentalist Islamic <a href="/wiki/Theocracy" title="Theocracy">theocracy</a> in Southeast Asia, in particular Indonesia, Singapore, Brunei, Malaysia, the south of Thailand and the Philippines. Jemaah Islamiyah originally used peaceful means to achieve its goals, but later resorted to terrorism because of its connections with al-Qaeda.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> Financial links between Jemaah Islamiyah and other terrorist groups, such as <a href="/wiki/Abu_Sayyaf" title="Abu Sayyaf">Abu Sayyaf</a> and <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a>, have been found to exist.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> Jemaah Islamiyah means "Islamic Group" or "Islamic Community" and is often abbreviated JI. Jemaah Islamiyah is thought to have killed hundreds of civilians. Also, it is suspected of carrying out the <a href="/wiki/2002_Bali_terrorist_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="2002 Bali terrorist bombing">Bali car bombing</a> on 12 October 2002, in which suicide bombers attacked a nightclub killing 202 people and wounding many more. Most of the casualties were Australian tourists. After this attack, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">U.S. State Department</a> designated Jemaah Islamiyah as a <a href="/wiki/U.S._State_Department_list_of_Foreign_Terrorist_Organizations" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. State Department list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations">Foreign Terrorist Organization</a>. Jemaah Islamiyah is also suspected of carrying out the <a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_bombings" class="mw-redirect" title="Zamboanga bombings">Zamboanga bombings</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">Metro Manila</a> bombings, the <a href="/wiki/2004_Australian_embassy_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="2004 Australian embassy bombing">2004 Australian embassy bombing</a> and the <a href="/wiki/2005_Bali_bombings" title="2005 Bali bombings">2005 Bali terrorist bombing</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="U.S._actions">U.S. actions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: U.S. actions">edit</a>]</div> In January 2002, 1,200 Members of <a href="/wiki/United_States_Special_Operations_Command" title="United States Special Operations Command">United States Special Operations Command, Pacific</a> (SOCPAC) were deployed to the Philippines to assist the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) in uprooting al-Qaeda, Jemaah Islamiyah and Abu Sayyaf. The members of SOCPAC were assigned to assist in military operations against the terrorist forces as well as humanitarian operations for the island of Basilan, where most of the conflict was expected to take place. The United States Special Forces (SF) Unit trained and equipped special forces and scout rangers of the AFP, creating the <a href="/wiki/Light_Reaction_Regiment" title="Light Reaction Regiment">Light Reaction Company (LRC)</a>. The LRC and elements of SOCPAC deployed to Basilan on completion of their training. The stated goals of the deployment were denying the ASG sanctuary, surveiling, controlling, and denying ASG routes, surveiling supporting villages and key personnel, conducting local training to overcome AFP weaknesses and sustain AFP strengths, supporting operations by the AFP "strike force" (LRC) in the area of responsibility (AOR), conducting and supporting civil affairs operations in the AOR.<a href="#cite_note-autogeneratedmil-65">[65]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Result_2">Result</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Result">edit</a>]</div> The desired result was for the AFP to gain sufficient capability to locate and destroy the ASG, to recover hostages and to enhance the legitimacy of the Philippine government. Much of the operation was a success: the ASG was driven from Basilan and one U.S. hostage was recovered.<a href="#cite_note-autogeneratedmil-65">[65]</a> The Abu Sayyaf Group's ranks, which once counted more than 800 members, was reduced to less than 100. The humanitarian portion of the operation, Operation Smiles, created 14 schools, 7 clinics, 3 hospitals and provided medical care to over 18,000 residents of Basilan. Humanitarian groups were able to continue their work without fear of further kidnappings and terrorists attacks by the Abu Sayyaf Group.<a href="#cite_note-Smiles-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operation_Enduring_Freedom_–_Horn_of_Africa_(OEF-HOA)">Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa (OEF-HOA)</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa (OEF-HOA)">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Horn_of_Africa" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa">Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa</a></div> Unlike other operations contained in Operation Enduring Freedom, OEF-HOA does not have a specific terrorist organization as a target. OEF-HOA instead focuses its efforts to disrupt and detect terrorist activities in the region and to work with host nations to deny the reemergence of terrorist cells and activities. Operations began in mid-2002 at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Lemonnier" title="Camp Lemonnier">Camp Lemonnier</a> by a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Combined_Joint_Special_Operations_Task_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Combined Joint Special Operations Task Force (page does not exist)">Combined Joint Special Operations Task Force</a> (CJSOTF) augmented by support forces from <a href="/wiki/Fort_Stewart" title="Fort Stewart">Fort Stewart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fort_Hood" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Hood">Fort Hood</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fort_Story" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Story">Fort Story</a>. In October 2002, the Combined Joint Task Force, Horn of Africa (<a href="/wiki/CJTF-HOA" class="mw-redirect" title="CJTF-HOA">CJTF-HOA</a>) was established at Djibouti at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Lemonnier" title="Camp Lemonnier">Camp Lemonnier</a>, taking over responsibilities from the CJSOTF. CJTF-HOA comprised approximately 2,000 personnel including U.S. military and Special Operations Forces (SOF), and coalition force members, <a href="/wiki/Combined_Task_Force_150" title="Combined Task Force 150">Combined Task Force 150</a> (CTF-150). The coalition force consists of ships from Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Netherlands, India, Italy, Pakistan, New Zealand, Spain, Turkey and the United Kingdom. The primary goal of the coalition forces is to monitor, inspect, board and stop suspected shipments from entering the Horn of Africa region. Since 2003, the U.S. Military also conducts operations targeting Al-Qaeda-linked fighters in Somalia, these operations had reportedly killed between 113 and 136 militants by early 2016. On 7 March 2016, a further 150 were killed in U.S. airstrikes on an al Shabaab training camp north of Mogadishu.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> CJTF-HOA has devoted the majority of its efforts to train selected armed forces units of the countries of Djibouti, Kenya and Ethiopia in counterterrorism and counterinsurgency tactics. Humanitarian efforts conducted by CJTF-HOA include the rebuilding of schools and medical clinics, as well as providing medical services to those countries whose forces are being trained. The program expands as part of the Trans-Saharan Counter Terrorism Initiative as CJTF personnel also assist in training the forces of Chad, Niger, Mauritania and Mali.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="U.S._action">U.S. action</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: U.S. action">edit</a>]</div> "Operation Enduring Freedom" <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_International_Security_Assistance_Force.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Seal_of_the_International_Security_Assistance_Force.svg/220px-Seal_of_the_International_Security_Assistance_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Seal_of_the_International_Security_Assistance_Force.svg/330px-Seal_of_the_International_Security_Assistance_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Seal_of_the_International_Security_Assistance_Force.svg/440px-Seal_of_the_International_Security_Assistance_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="394" /></a><figcaption>International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) patch</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>7 October 2001 – 28 December 2014</li> <li>Casualties U.S. Coalition: 3,486 Dead</li> <li>Taliban/Al-Qaeda:25,500–40,500 Dead</li></ul> Anti-piracy operations were undertaken by the coalition throughout 2006 with a <a href="/wiki/Action_of_18_March_2006" title="Action of 18 March 2006">battle fought in March</a> when US vessels were attacked by pirates. In January 2007, during the <a href="/wiki/War_in_Somalia_(2006%E2%80%9309)" class="mw-redirect" title="War in Somalia (2006–09)">war in Somalia</a>, an <a href="/wiki/AC-130" class="mw-redirect" title="AC-130">AC-130</a> airstrike was conducted against <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a> members embedded with forces of the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Courts_Union" title="Islamic Courts Union">Islamic Courts Union</a> (ICU) operating in southern Somalia near <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ras_Kamboni" title="Battle of Ras Kamboni">Ras Kamboni</a>. US naval forces, including the <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_carrier" title="Aircraft carrier">aircraft carrier</a> <a href="/wiki/USS_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="USS Dwight D. Eisenhower">USS Dwight D. Eisenhower</a>, were positioned off the coast of Somalia to provide support and to prevent any al-Qaeda forces escaping by sea. Actions against pirates also occurred in June and October 2007 with varying amounts of success. "Operation Resolute Support/Freedom's Sentinel" <ul><li>1 January 2015 – Present</li> <li>Casualties U.S. Coalition: 1 January 2015 – Present | 70 Dead* – Subject to change<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a></li> <li>Taliban/Al-Qaeda:</li></ul> Effective 1 January 2015, Secretary of Defense Hagel announced that the new U.S. mission in Afghanistan will focus on training, advising, and assisting Afghan security forces and designated as Operation Freedom's Sentinel. 19 About 13,500 U.S. troops are expected in Afghanistan through 2015 and will be assisted by troops from NATO allies. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military_decorations">Military decorations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Military decorations">edit</a>]</div> Since 2002, the United States military has created military awards and decorations related to Operation Enduring Freedom <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan_Campaign_Medal" title="Afghanistan Campaign Medal">Afghanistan Campaign Medal</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> also created a military decoration related to Operation Enduring Freedom: <ul><li>Non-Article 5 <a href="/wiki/International_Security_Assistance_Force" title="International Security Assistance Force">ISAF</a> <a href="/wiki/NATO_Medal" title="NATO Medal">NATO Medal</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Herrick" title="Operation Herrick">Operation Herrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coalition_casualties_in_Afghanistan" title="Coalition casualties in Afghanistan">Coalition casualties in Afghanistan</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output 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Retrieved 28 February 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=U.S.+Is+Escalating+a+Secretive+War+in+Afghanistan&rft.date=2015-02-12&rft.aulast=Rosenberg&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.au=Scmitt%2C+Eric&rft.au=Mazzetti%2C+Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F02%2F13%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fdata-from-seized-computer-fuels-a-surge-in-us-raids-on-al-qaeda.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+Enduring+Freedom" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Philipps-16"><a href="#cite_ref-Philipps_16-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhilipps2014" class="citation news cs1">Philipps, Dave (31 December 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/01/us/mission-ends-but-sacrifices-are-not-over-for-us-soldiers.html?mcubz=1&_r=0">"Mission Ends in Afghanistan, but Sacrifices Are Not Over for U.S. Soldiers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170818012206/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/01/us/mission-ends-but-sacrifices-are-not-over-for-us-soldiers.html?mcubz=1&_r=0">Archived</a> from the original on 18 August 2017. Retrieved 17 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Mission+Ends+in+Afghanistan%2C+but+Sacrifices+Are+Not+Over+for+U.S.+Soldiers&rft.date=2014-12-31&rft.aulast=Philipps&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F01%2F01%2Fus%2Fmission-ends-but-sacrifices-are-not-over-for-us-soldiers.html%3Fmcubz%3D1%26_r%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+Enduring+Freedom" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dempsey-17"><a href="#cite_ref-Dempsey_17-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDempsey2005" class="citation news cs1">Dempsey, Judy (20 July 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/20/world/asia/nato-to-add-to-afghanistan-troops.html?mcubz=1">"NATO to add to Afghanistan troops"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170818012630/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/20/world/asia/nato-to-add-to-afghanistan-troops.html?mcubz=1">Archived</a> from the original on 18 August 2017. Retrieved 17 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=NATO+to+add+to+Afghanistan+troops&rft.date=2005-07-20&rft.aulast=Dempsey&rft.aufirst=Judy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F07%2F20%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fnato-to-add-to-afghanistan-troops.html%3Fmcubz%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+Enduring+Freedom" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-OEFover-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OEFover_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-OEFover_18-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_Department_of_Defense2014" class="citation web cs1">United States Department of Defense (December 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=123887">"Obama, Hagel Mark End of Operation Enduring Freedom"</a>. Defense. United States of America: United States Department of Defense. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150314000513/http://www.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=123887">Archived</a> from the original on 14 March 2015. Retrieved 21 March 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Defense&rft.atitle=Obama%2C+Hagel+Mark+End+of+Operation+Enduring+Freedom&rft.date=2014-12&rft.au=United+States+Department+of+Defense&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defense.gov%2Fnews%2Fnewsarticle.aspx%3Fid%3D123887&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+Enduring+Freedom" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobinsonJohnstonOak2016" class="citation cs2">Robinson, Linda; Johnston, Patrick B.; Oak, Gillian S. (6 April 2016), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR1200/RR1236/RAND_RR1236.pdf">U.S. Special Operations Forces in the Philippines, 2001–2014</a> (PDF), Santa Monica, California: RAND Corporation, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8330-9210-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8330-9210-6"><bdi>978-0-8330-9210-6</bdi></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170819170049/https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR1200/RR1236/RAND_RR1236.pdf">archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 19 August 2017, retrieved 17 August 2017</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=U.S.+Special+Operations+Forces+in+the+Philippines%2C+2001%E2%80%932014&rft.place=Santa+Monica%2C+California&rft.pub=RAND+Corporation&rft.date=2016-04-06&rft.isbn=978-0-8330-9210-6&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.au=Johnston%2C+Patrick+B.&rft.au=Oak%2C+Gillian+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rand.org%2Fcontent%2Fdam%2Frand%2Fpubs%2Fresearch_reports%2FRR1200%2FRR1236%2FRAND_RR1236.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+Enduring+Freedom" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurse2015" class="citation news cs1">Turse, Nick (20 January 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenation.com/article/us-special-forces-are-operating-more-countries-you-can-imagine/">"US Special Operations Forces Are in More Countries Than You Can Imagine"</a>. The Nation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170818045939/https://www.thenation.com/article/us-special-forces-are-operating-more-countries-you-can-imagine/">Archived</a> from the original on 18 August 2017. Retrieved 17 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Nation&rft.atitle=US+Special+Operations+Forces+Are+in+More+Countries+Than+You+Can+Imagine&rft.date=2015-01-20&rft.aulast=Turse&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenation.com%2Farticle%2Fus-special-forces-are-operating-more-countries-you-can-imagine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+Enduring+Freedom" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpencer_C._Tucker2010" class="citation book cs1">Spencer C. Tucker (8 October 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=U05OvsOPeKMC&pg=PA415">The Encyclopedia of Middle East Wars: The United States in the Persian Gulf, Afghanistan, and Iraq Conflicts [5 volumes]: The United States in the Persian Gulf, Afghanistan, and Iraq Conflicts</a>. ABC-CLIO. p. 415. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85109-948-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85109-948-1"><bdi>978-1-85109-948-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160101094429/https://books.google.com/books?id=U05OvsOPeKMC&pg=PA415">Archived</a> from the original on 1 January 2016. Retrieved 17 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Middle+East+Wars%3A+The+United+States+in+the+Persian+Gulf%2C+Afghanistan%2C+and+Iraq+Conflicts+%26%2391%3B5+volumes%26%2393%3B%3A+The+United+States+in+the+Persian+Gulf%2C+Afghanistan%2C+and+Iraq+Conflicts&rft.pages=415&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2010-10-08&rft.isbn=978-1-85109-948-1&rft.au=Spencer+C.+Tucker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DU05OvsOPeKMC%26pg%3DPA415&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+Enduring+Freedom" class="Z3988"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaymond_Monsour_ScurfieldKatherine_Theresa_Platoni2012" class="citation book cs1">Raymond Monsour Scurfield; Katherine Theresa Platoni (10 September 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=T--SxPDKjh4C&pg=PA268">War Trauma and Its Wake: Expanding the Circle of Healing</a>. Routledge. p. 268. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-136-45788-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-136-45788-3"><bdi>978-1-136-45788-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160611044449/https://books.google.com/books?id=T--SxPDKjh4C&pg=PA268">Archived</a> from the original on 11 June 2016. 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Stavridis, United States Navy Commander, United States Southern Command Before the House Committee on Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense</a> (PDF), United States Southern Command, 5 March 2008, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dod.gov/dodgc/olc/docs/testStavridis080305.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 1 January 2016</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Statement+of+Admiral+James+G.+Stavridis%2C+United+States+Navy+Commander%2C+United+States+Southern+Command+Before+the+House+Committee+on+Appropriations+Subcommittee+on+Defense&rft.date=2008-03-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dod.gov%2Fdodgc%2Folc%2Fdocs%2FtestStavridis080305.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+Enduring+Freedom" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bolger-23"><a href="#cite_ref-Bolger_23-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBolger2014" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_P._Bolger" title="Daniel P. Bolger">Bolger, Daniel P.</a> (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=keQBBQAAQBAJ&q=Operation%20Enduring%20Freedom%20%E2%80%93%20Caribbean%20and%20Central%20America%20(OEF-CCA)&pg=PR13">Why We Lost: A General's Inside Account of the Iraq and Afghanistan Wars</a>. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. xiii, 415. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780544370487" title="Special:BookSources/9780544370487"><bdi>9780544370487</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Why+We+Lost%3A+A+General%27s+Inside+Account+of+the+Iraq+and+Afghanistan+Wars&rft.pages=xiii%2C+415&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin+Harcourt&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9780544370487&rft.aulast=Bolger&rft.aufirst=Daniel+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkeQBBQAAQBAJ%26q%3DOperation%2520Enduring%2520Freedom%2520%25E2%2580%2593%2520Caribbean%2520and%2520Central%2520America%2520%28OEF-CCA%29%26pg%3DPR13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+Enduring+Freedom" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.army.mil/article/140565/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_comes_to_an_end/">"Operation Enduring Freedom comes to an end"</a>. United States Army. 29 December 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150224084435/http://www.army.mil/article/140565/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_comes_to_an_end/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 February 2015. 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BBC News. 25 September 2001. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071014221506/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/1563722.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 14 October 2007. 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The Stationery Office. p. 39. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-215-02828-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-215-02828-0"><bdi>978-0-215-02828-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160101094429/https://books.google.com/books?id=q7-OVQvYUOUC&pg=PA39">Archived</a> from the original on 1 January 2016. 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Yahoo news. 8 March 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181105201035/https://news.yahoo.com/more-150-shebab-fighters-killed-us-drone-strike-171223047.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 November 2018. Retrieved 15 January 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=US+strike+kills+at+least+150+al+Shebab+fighters+in+Somalia&rft.pub=Yahoo+news&rft.date=2016-03-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.yahoo.com%2Fmore-150-shebab-fighters-killed-us-drone-strike-171223047.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+Enduring+Freedom" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061011050803/https://www.senate.gov/member/al/shelby/general/legislation/Terrorism.pdf">Terrorism</a> (PDF), Washington, DC: Senate, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.senate.gov/member/al/shelby/general/legislation/Terrorism.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 11 October 2006</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Terrorism&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.pub=Senate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.senate.gov%2Fmember%2Fal%2Fshelby%2Fgeneral%2Flegislation%2FTerrorism.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+Enduring+Freedom" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://icasualties.org/">"iCasualties: Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom Casualties"</a>. icasualties.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160204203958/http://icasualties.org/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 February 2016. Retrieved 29 October 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=icasualties.org&rft.atitle=iCasualties%3A+Operation+Iraqi+Freedom+and+Operation+Enduring+Freedom+Casualties&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ficasualties.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+Enduring+Freedom" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaloney2005" class="citation cs2">Maloney, Sean M (2005), Enduring the Freedom: A Rogue Historian in Afghanistan, Washington, DC: Potomac Books, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57488-953-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-57488-953-2"><bdi>1-57488-953-2</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Enduring+the+Freedom%3A+A+Rogue+Historian+in+Afghanistan&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.pub=Potomac+Books&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-57488-953-2&rft.aulast=Maloney&rft.aufirst=Sean+M&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+Enduring+Freedom" class="Z3988">.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Enduring_Freedom&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Operation_Enduring_Freedom" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Operation Enduring Freedom">Operation Enduring Freedom</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enduringfreedomfoundation.org/">The Enduring Freedom Foundation</a></li> <li>Moorthy, Neelesh (6 July 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/promises/obameter/promise/1096/end-war-afghanistan-2014/">"Obama increases U.S. troops to remain in Afghanistan past 2016"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Politifact" class="mw-redirect" title="Politifact">Politifact</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoontz2008" class="citation book cs1">Koontz, Christopher N, ed. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140924040645/http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/enduring_voices/">Enduring Voices: Oral Histories of the US Army Experience in Afghanistan, 2003–2005</a>. Washington, DC: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. CMH Pub 70-112-1. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/enduring_voices/">the original</a> on 24 September 2014. Retrieved 4 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Enduring+Voices%3A+Oral+Histories+of+the+US+Army+Experience+in+Afghanistan%2C+2003%E2%80%932005&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.pub=United+States+Army+Center+of+Military+History&rft.date=2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fbooks%2Fenduring_voices%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+Enduring+Freedom" class="Z3988"> full text available online</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q326668#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q326668#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q326668#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh2009009638">United States</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10675368">NARA</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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