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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Before the Reformation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Before_the_Reformation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Before the Reformation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Before_the_Reformation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Leaders_of_the_early_Brotherhood,_1190–1198" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leaders_of_the_early_Brotherhood,_1190–1198"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Leaders of the early Brotherhood, 1190–1198</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leaders_of_the_early_Brotherhood,_1190–1198-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Grand_Masters_of_the_Order,_1198–1525" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Grand_Masters_of_the_Order,_1198–1525"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Grand Masters of the Order, 1198–1525</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Grand_Masters_of_the_Order,_1198–1525-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_the_Reformation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_the_Reformation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>After the Reformation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-After_the_Reformation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle After the Reformation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-After_the_Reformation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hoch-_und_Deutschmeister,_1527–1929" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hoch-_und_Deutschmeister,_1527–1929"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Hoch- und Deutschmeister, 1527–1929</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hoch-_und_Deutschmeister,_1527–1929-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1929–present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1929–present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>1929–present</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1929–present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Grand Master of the Teutonic Order</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gran_Mestre_de_l%27Orde_Teut%C3%B2nic" title="Gran Mestre de l'Orde Teutònic – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gran Mestre de l'Orde Teutònic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hochmeister" title="Hochmeister – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hochmeister" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saksa_ordu_k%C3%B5rgmeister" title="Saksa ordu kõrgmeister – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Saksa ordu kõrgmeister" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gran_maestre_de_la_Orden_Teut%C3%B3nica" title="Gran maestre de la Orden Teutónica – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gran maestre de la Orden Teutónica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_ma%C3%AEtre_de_l%27ordre_Teutonique" title="Grand maître de l'ordre Teutonique – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Grand maître de l'ordre Teutonique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8A%9C%ED%84%B4_%EA%B8%B0%EC%82%AC%EB%8B%A8_%EC%B4%9D%EC%9E%A5" title="튜턴 기사단 총장 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="튜턴 기사단 총장" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliki_me%C5%A1tar_Teutonskog_reda" title="Veliki meštar Teutonskog reda – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Veliki meštar Teutonskog reda" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemimpin_Umum_Ordo_Teutonik" title="Pemimpin Umum Ordo Teutonik – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pemimpin Umum Ordo Teutonik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gran_maestro_dell%27Ordine_teutonico" title="Gran maestro dell'Ordine teutonico – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gran maestro dell'Ordine teutonico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokie%C4%8Di%C5%B3_ordino_didysis_magistras" title="Vokiečių ordino didysis magistras – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vokiečių ordino didysis magistras" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja 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href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Великие магистры Тевтонского ордена – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Великие магистры Тевтонского ордена" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B6ton_%C5%9E%C3%B6valyeleri_b%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_ustalar%C4%B1_listesi" title="Töton Şövalyeleri büyük ustaları listesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Töton Şövalyeleri büyük ustaları listesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83" title="Великі магістри Тевтонського ордену – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Великі магістри Тевтонського ордену" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%A1%E9%A1%BF%E9%AA%91%E5%A3%AB%E5%9B%A2%E5%A4%A7%E5%9B%A2%E9%95%BF" title="条顿骑士团大团长 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="条顿骑士团大团长" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Leader of the Teutonic Order, a medieval sect of Roman Catholicism</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Hochmeister" redirects here. For the Czech footballer, see <a href="/wiki/Radek_Hochmeister" title="Radek Hochmeister">Radek Hochmeister</a>. For the <a href="/wiki/Wehrmacht" title="Wehrmacht">Wehrmacht</a> Infantry division, see <a href="/wiki/44th_Infantry_Division_(Wehrmacht)" title="44th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)">44th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;"><span class="nowrap">Grand Master of the Teutonic Order</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size: 125%; font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Hochmeister des Deutschen Ordens</i></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Template_-_Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Template_-_Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order.svg/120px-Template_-_Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Template_-_Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order.svg/180px-Template_-_Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Template_-_Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order.svg/240px-Template_-_Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1150" data-file-height="1197" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Coat of arms of a Grand Master</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Hochmeister_Frank_Bayard.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Hochmeister_Frank_Bayard.jpg/220px-Hochmeister_Frank_Bayard.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Hochmeister_Frank_Bayard.jpg/330px-Hochmeister_Frank_Bayard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Hochmeister_Frank_Bayard.jpg/440px-Hochmeister_Frank_Bayard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2921" data-file-height="4389" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline;font-weight:bold;">Incumbent<br /><a href="/wiki/Frank_Bayard" title="Frank Bayard">Frank Bayard</a><br /></div>since 22 August 2018</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reports to</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Seat_(legal_entity)" title="Seat (legal entity)">Seat</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acre,_Israel" title="Acre, Israel">Acre</a> (1190–1291)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a> (1291–1309)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malbork_Castle" title="Malbork Castle">Marienburg</a> (1309–1466)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigsberg" title="Königsberg">Königsberg</a> (1466–1525)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bad_Mergentheim" title="Bad Mergentheim">Mergentheim</a> (1525–1809)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> (1809–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Term_of_office" title="Term of office">Term length</a></th><td class="infobox-data">six years</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data">1198</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First holder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Walpot_von_Bassenheim" title="Heinrich Walpot von Bassenheim">Heinrich Walpot von Bassenheim</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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Church">Prince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_protector" title="Cardinal protector">Protector</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moderator_of_the_curia" title="Moderator of the curia">Moderator of the curia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_His_Holiness" title="Chaplain of His Holiness">Chaplain of His Holiness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_legate" title="Papal legate">Papal legate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_majordomo" title="Papal majordomo">Papal majordomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuncio" title="Nuncio">Apostolic nuncio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuncio" title="Nuncio">Apostolic delegate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Syndic" title="Apostolic Syndic">Apostolic Syndic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_visitor" title="Apostolic visitor">Apostolic visitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_vicariate" title="Apostolic vicariate">Vicar apostolic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exarch#Modern_Eastern_Catholic_churches" title="Exarch">Apostolic 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title="Major archbishop">Major archbishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primate_(bishop)" title="Primate (bishop)">Primate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffragan_bishop" title="Suffragan bishop">Suffragan bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titular_bishop" title="Titular bishop">Titular bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coadjutor_bishop" title="Coadjutor bishop">Coadjutor bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_bishop" title="Auxiliary bishop">Auxiliary bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prelate" title="Prelate">Prelate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provost_(religion)" title="Provost (religion)">Provost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontiff" title="Pontiff">Pontiff</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_prelate" title="Territorial prelate">Territorial prelate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_abbey" title="Territorial abbey">Territorial abbot</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Liturgical titles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acolyte" title="Acolyte">Acolyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consecrator" title="Consecrator">Consecrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reader_(liturgy)#CatholicLector" title="Reader (liturgy)">Lector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subdeacon" title="Subdeacon">Subdeacon</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Administrative and pastoral titles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auditor_(ecclesiastical)" title="Auditor (ecclesiastical)">Auditor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_brother#Catholicism" title="Religious brother">Brother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(ecclesiastical)" title="Chancellor (ecclesiastical)">Chancellor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaplain" title="Chaplain">Chaplain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_chaplain#Roman_Catholic_Church" title="Military chaplain">Military chaplain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ordinariate" title="Military ordinariate">Military ordinary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coarb" title="Coarb">Coarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confessor#Confession_of_sins" title="Confessor">Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consultor" title="Consultor">Consultor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curate#Roman_Catholicism" title="Curate">Curate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deacon" title="Deacon">Deacon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archdeacon" title="Archdeacon">Archdeacon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defender_of_the_bond" title="Defender of the bond">Defender of the bond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Definitor" title="Definitor">Definitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_advocate" title="Devil's advocate">Devil's advocate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocesan_administrator" title="Diocesan administrator">Diocesan administrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_judge" title="Ecclesiastical judge">Ecclesiastical judge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcist#Catholicism" title="Exorcist">Exorcist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_laity" title="Catholic laity">Laity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lay_abbot" title="Lay abbot">Lay abbot</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abthain" title="Abthain">Abthain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commendatory_abbot" title="Commendatory abbot">Commendatory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lay_cardinal" title="Lay cardinal">Lay cardinal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_(Catholic_Church)" title="Minister (Catholic Church)">Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Major_orders" title="Major orders">Major orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minor_orders" title="Minor orders">Minor orders</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missionary" title="Missionary">Missionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monsignor" title="Monsignor">Monsignor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official#Ecclesiastical_judiciary" title="Official">Officialis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostiarius" title="Ostiarius">Ostiarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastor" title="Pastor">Pastor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_pastor" class="mw-redirect" title="Assistant pastor">Assistant pastor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palatinus_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Palatinus in the Catholic Church">Palatinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_prelature" title="Personal prelature">Personal prelate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preacher" title="Preacher">Preacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prefect#Ecclesiastical" title="Prefect">Prefect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyter" title="Presbyter">Presbyter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elder_(Christianity)#Roman_Catholic_Church" title="Elder (Christianity)">Elder</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priesthood_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Priesthood in the Catholic Church">Priest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Principal (Catholic Church)">Principal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protonotary_apostolic" title="Protonotary apostolic">Protonotary apostolic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Reverend" title="The Reverend">Reverend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint#Catholic_Church" title="Saint">Saint</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Servant_of_God" title="Servant of God">Servant of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatification" title="Beatification">Blessed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Venerable" title="The Venerable">Venerable</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seminary" title="Seminary">Seminarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicar" title="Vicar">Vicar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_vicar" title="Judicial vicar">Judicial vicar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicar_general" title="Vicar general">Vicar general</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_(Christianity)" title="Dean (Christianity)">Vicar forane</a> <ul><li>Sub-dean</li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Consecrated and professed titles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbess" title="Abbess">Abbess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbot" title="Abbot">Abbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consecrated_virgin" title="Consecrated virgin">Consecrated virgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corrector#Ecclesiastic_(Catholic)_titles" title="Corrector">Corrector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custos_(Franciscans)" title="Custos (Franciscans)">Custos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friar" title="Friar">Friar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_(Christianity)#Roman_Catholic_Church" title="Dean (Christianity)">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_master_(order)" title="Grand master (order)">Grand master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermit" title="Hermit">Hermit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novice_master" title="Novice master">Master of novices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">Monk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novice#Roman_Catholicism" title="Novice">Novice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nun" title="Nun">Nun</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Postulant" title="Postulant">Postulant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oblate" title="Oblate">Oblate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prior_(ecclesiastical)" title="Prior (ecclesiastical)">Prior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_superior" title="Provincial superior">Provincial superior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rector_(ecclesiastical)" title="Rector (ecclesiastical)">Rector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_(Western_Christianity)" title="Religious (Western Christianity)">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_general_(Christianity)" title="Superior general (Christianity)">Superior general</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Additional titles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Service_of_Charity" title="Dicastery for the Service of Charity">Almoner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar_server" title="Altar server">Altar server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archimandrite" title="Archimandrite">Archimandrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archpriest" title="Archpriest">Archpriest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archdeacon" title="Archdeacon">Archdeacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_(title)" title="Canon (title)">Canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_General_of_the_Church" title="Captain General of the Church">Captain General of the Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chorbishop" title="Chorbishop">Chorbishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coarb" title="Coarb">Coarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commissary_Apostolic" title="Commissary Apostolic">Commissary Apostolic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custos_(under-sacristan)" title="Custos (under-sacristan)">Custos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Dataria" title="Apostolic Dataria">Datarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonfalonier_of_the_Church" title="Gonfalonier of the Church">Gonfalonier of the Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prelate_of_Honour_of_His_Holiness" title="Prelate of Honour of His Holiness">Honorary Prelate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minor_canon" title="Minor canon">Minor canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notarius" title="Notarius">Notarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostiarius" title="Ostiarius">Ostiarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peritus" title="Peritus">Peritus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postulator" title="Postulator">Postulator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prebendary" title="Prebendary">Prebendary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precentor" title="Precentor">Precentor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince-bishop" title="Prince-bishop">Prince-bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince-abbot" title="Prince-abbot">Prince-abbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince-primate" title="Prince-primate">Prince-primate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince-provost" title="Prince-provost">Prince-provost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_advocate" title="Devil's advocate">Promotor Fidei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protopriest" title="Protopriest">Protopriest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protodeacon#Roman_rite" title="Protodeacon">Protodeacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protosyncellus" title="Protosyncellus">Protosyncellus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regionarius" title="Regionarius">Regionarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacristan" title="Sacristan">Sacristan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidewalk_counseling" title="Sidewalk counseling">Sidewalk Counselor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_usher" title="Church usher">Usher</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Organization titles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_master_(order)" title="Grand master (order)">Grand master</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_grand_masters_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller" title="List of grand masters of the Knights Hospitaller">Knights Hospitaller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Masters_and_Lieutenancies_of_the_Order_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre" title="Grand Masters and Lieutenancies of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre">Order of the Holy Sepulchre</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Teutonic Knights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inquisitor" title="Inquisitor">Inquisitor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Inquisitor" title="Grand Inquisitor">Grand Inquisitor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preceptor" title="Preceptor">Preceptor</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholic_Church" title="Portal:Catholic Church">Catholic Church portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Catholic_Church_hierarchy_sidebar" title="Template:Catholic Church hierarchy sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Catholic_Church_hierarchy_sidebar" title="Template talk:Catholic Church hierarchy sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic_Church_hierarchy_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic Church hierarchy sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>grand master of the Teutonic Order</b> (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Hochmeister des Deutschen Ordens</i>; <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Magister generalis Ordo Teutonicus</i>) is the supreme head of the <a href="/wiki/Teutonic_Order" title="Teutonic Order">Teutonic Order</a>. It is equivalent to the <a href="/wiki/Grand_master_(order)" title="Grand master (order)">grand master</a> of other <a href="/wiki/Military_order_(religious_society)" title="Military order (religious society)">military orders</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Superior_general" class="mw-redirect" title="Superior general">superior general</a> in non-military <a href="/wiki/Religious_order_(Catholic)" title="Religious order (Catholic)">Roman Catholic religious orders</a>. <i>Hochmeister</i>, literally "high master", is only used in reference to the Teutonic Order, as <i>Großmeister</i> ("grand master") is used in German to refer to the leaders of other orders of knighthood. </p><p>An early version of the full title in <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> was <i>Magister Hospitalis Sanctae Mariae <a href="/wiki/Alemanni" title="Alemanni">Alemannorum</a> Hierosolymitani</i>. Since 1216, the full title <i>Magister Hospitalis Domus Sanctae Mariae <a href="/wiki/Teutons" title="Teutons">Teutonicorum</a> Hierosolymitani</i> ("Master of the Hospital House of the Blessed Virgin Mary of the Germans of Jerusalem") was used. </p><p>The offices of <i>Hochmeister</i> and <i>Deutschmeister</i> (<i>Magister Germaniae</i>) were united in 1525. The title of <i>Magister Germaniae</i> had been introduced in 1219 as the head of the bailiwicks in the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, from 1381 also those in Italy, raised to the rank of a prince of the Holy Roman Empire in 1494, but merged with the office of grand master under Walter von Cronberg in 1525, from which time the head of the order had the title of <i>Hoch- und Deutschmeister</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1466 to 1525, the Grand Masters of the Teutonic Order were vassals and princes of the <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_the_Kingdom_of_Poland" title="Crown of the Kingdom of Poland">Polish Crown</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-kg1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kg1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Coat_of_arms">Coat of arms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Coat of arms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The coat of arms representing the grand master (<i>Deutschmeisterwappen</i>) is shown with a golden <a href="/wiki/Cross_fleury" title="Cross fleury">cross fleury</a> or <a href="/wiki/Cross_potent" title="Cross potent">cross potent</a> superimposed on the black cross, with the <a href="/wiki/Reichsadler" title="Reichsadler">imperial eagle</a> as a central inescutcheon. The golden cross potent overlaid on the black cross becomes widely used by the 14th century, developing into a golden cross fleury by the 15th century. A legendary account attributes the introduction of the cross potent to <a href="/wiki/John_of_Brienne" title="John of Brienne">John of Brienne</a>, King of Jerusalem, who granted the master of the order this cross as a variation of the <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_cross" title="Jerusalem cross">Jerusalem cross</a>, while the <a href="/wiki/Fleur-de-lis" title="Fleur-de-lis">fleur-de-lis</a> was supposedly granted on 20 August 1250 by <a href="/wiki/Louis_IX_of_France" title="Louis IX of France">Louis IX of France</a>. While this legendary account cannot be traced back further than the early modern period (Christoph Hartknoch, 1684) there is some evidence that the design does indeed date to the mid 13th century.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Before_the_Reformation">Before the Reformation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Before the Reformation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hermann_von_Salza_Painting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Hermann_von_Salza_Painting.jpg/200px-Hermann_von_Salza_Painting.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Hermann_von_Salza_Painting.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="443" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hermann_von_Salza" title="Hermann von Salza">Hermann von Salza</a>, fourth Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights, in a Baroque-era portrait</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wappenbuch_R%C3%B6sch_csg-1084_047.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Wappenbuch_R%C3%B6sch_csg-1084_047.jpg/200px-Wappenbuch_R%C3%B6sch_csg-1084_047.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Wappenbuch_R%C3%B6sch_csg-1084_047.jpg/300px-Wappenbuch_R%C3%B6sch_csg-1084_047.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Wappenbuch_R%C3%B6sch_csg-1084_047.jpg/400px-Wappenbuch_R%C3%B6sch_csg-1084_047.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3328" data-file-height="4992" /></a><figcaption>Coats of arms of the 29 grand masters (until 1470, <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Reu%C3%9F_von_Plauen" title="Heinrich Reuß von Plauen">Heinrich Reuß von Plauen</a>) in the St. Gallen armorial (Cod. sang. 1084)</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kolbe_1825_Siegfried_von_Feuchtwangen_enters_Malbork_castle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Kolbe_1825_Siegfried_von_Feuchtwangen_enters_Malbork_castle.jpg/200px-Kolbe_1825_Siegfried_von_Feuchtwangen_enters_Malbork_castle.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Kolbe_1825_Siegfried_von_Feuchtwangen_enters_Malbork_castle.jpg/300px-Kolbe_1825_Siegfried_von_Feuchtwangen_enters_Malbork_castle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Kolbe_1825_Siegfried_von_Feuchtwangen_enters_Malbork_castle.jpg/400px-Kolbe_1825_Siegfried_von_Feuchtwangen_enters_Malbork_castle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="678" data-file-height="957" /></a><figcaption>Grand Master <a href="/wiki/Siegfried_von_Feuchtwangen" title="Siegfried von Feuchtwangen">Siegfried von Feuchtwangen</a> enters <a href="/wiki/Malbork_Castle" title="Malbork Castle">Marienburg</a> with his knights on 14 September 1309, representing the move of the order's main seat to Prussia (1825 <a href="/wiki/History_painting" title="History painting">history painting</a>)</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Siegel_Grossmeister_Deutschritterorden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Siegel_Grossmeister_Deutschritterorden.jpg/200px-Siegel_Grossmeister_Deutschritterorden.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Siegel_Grossmeister_Deutschritterorden.jpg/300px-Siegel_Grossmeister_Deutschritterorden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Siegel_Grossmeister_Deutschritterorden.jpg/400px-Siegel_Grossmeister_Deutschritterorden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Historic seal of the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order. This seal was in use for more than 200 years, from the 13th century until it was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Duke_Frederick_of_Saxony" class="mw-redirect" title="Duke Frederick of Saxony">Frederick, Duke of Saxony</a> in 1498.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Compared to other medieval governments, transfer of power within the Teutonic Knights was run efficiently. Upon the death of a grand master, the vice master called a <a href="/wiki/Chapter_(religion)" title="Chapter (religion)">capitulum</a> composed of the leading officers of the order. The general chapter would select a twelve-person electoral college composed of seven knights, four sergeants, and one priest. Once a majority-candidate for grand master was chosen, the minority electors would concede to support unanimity. These elections usually provided a succeeding grand master within three months.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Candidates for the position of grand master had experience as senior administrators for the order and were usually chosen on merit, not lineage.<sup id="cite_ref-C204_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-C204-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This changed only after the order had entered a steady decline, with the selection of <a href="/wiki/Duke_Frederick_of_Saxony" class="mw-redirect" title="Duke Frederick of Saxony">Frederick of Saxony</a> and <a href="/wiki/Albert,_Duke_of_Prussia" title="Albert, Duke of Prussia">Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach</a>, members of the powerful <a href="/wiki/House_of_Wettin" title="House of Wettin">Wettin</a> and <a href="/wiki/House_of_Hohenzollern" title="House of Hohenzollern">House of Hohenzollern</a> dynasties. </p><p>When the Teutonic Knights were originally based in <a href="/wiki/Acre,_Israel" title="Acre, Israel">Acre</a> in <a href="/wiki/Outremer" class="mw-redirect" title="Outremer">Outremer</a>, the grand masters spent much of their time at the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">papal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">imperial</a> courts.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The grand masters were most powerful after the order's 13th century conquest of <a href="/wiki/Prussia_(region)" title="Prussia (region)">Prussia</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Crusades" title="Northern Crusades">Northern Crusades</a> and the creation of the militarized <a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Teutonic_Order" title="State of the Teutonic Order">State of the Teutonic Order</a>, which lasted until 1525 (from 1466 to 1525 as part of the Kingdom of Poland as a <a href="/wiki/Fief" title="Fief">fief</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-kg2_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kg2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the order's capital moved from <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venice</a> to <a href="/wiki/Malbork_Castle" title="Malbork Castle">Malbork (Marienburg)</a> in 1309, the grand master's power was at its height. He had ultimate control over Prussia, which gave him command over the Prussian commanders. When the <a href="/wiki/Chapter_(religion)" title="Chapter (religion)">general chapter</a> would meet in <a href="/wiki/Elbl%C4%85g" title="Elbląg">Elbląg</a> (Elbing), he was able to use this influence to ratify administrative measures he proposed.<sup id="cite_ref-C204_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-C204-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The grand master also served as the <a href="/wiki/Castellan" title="Castellan">castellan</a> of Marienburg and was aided by the order's <a href="/wiki/Treasurer" title="Treasurer">treasurer</a>. He was also a member of the <a href="/wiki/Hanseatic_League" title="Hanseatic League">Hanseatic League</a>, allowing him to receive some of the league's custom dues.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Excavations in the church of <a href="/wiki/Kwidzyn" title="Kwidzyn">Kwidzyn (Marienwerder)</a> performed in 2007 yielded the skeletal remains of three Grand Masters of the late medieval period, <a href="/wiki/Werner_von_Orseln" title="Werner von Orseln">Werner von Orseln</a> (1324–1330), <a href="/wiki/Ludolf_K%C3%B6nig_von_Wattzau" title="Ludolf König von Wattzau">Ludolf König von Wattzau</a> (1342–1445) and <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_von_Plauen" title="Heinrich von Plauen">Heinrich von Plauen</a> (1410–1413). The church had been known as the burial place of the <a href="/wiki/Bishopric_of_Pomesania" title="Bishopric of Pomesania">bishops of Pomesania</a>, but the discovery of the grand masters' burials was unexpected. The bodies had been buried in gold-painted wooden coffins draped in silk robes.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the 1466 <a href="/wiki/Second_Peace_of_Toru%C5%84" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Peace of Toruń">Second Peace of Toruń</a>, the Grand Masters of the Teutonic Order were vassals of the Kingdom of Poland, and every Grand Master of the Teutonic Order was obliged to swear an oath of allegiance to the reigning Polish king within six months of taking office.<sup id="cite_ref-kg2_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kg2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Grand Masters were also princes and counselors of the Polish kings and the Kingdom of Poland.<sup id="cite_ref-kg1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kg1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The State of the Teutonic Order was a part of Poland as a <a href="/wiki/Fief" title="Fief">fief</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-kg2_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kg2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leaders_of_the_early_Brotherhood,_1190–1198"><span id="Leaders_of_the_early_Brotherhood.2C_1190.E2.80.931198"></span>Leaders of the early Brotherhood, 1190–1198</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Leaders of the early Brotherhood, 1190–1198"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Teutonic Order as a <a href="/wiki/Palliative_care" title="Palliative care">hospice</a> brotherhood in <a href="/wiki/Crusader_states" title="Crusader states">Outremer</a>: </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" width="75%"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Reign </th> <th>Born </th> <th>Death </th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Master_Sibrand" title="Master Sibrand">Sibrand</a> </td> <td>1190 </td> <td>1157 </td> <td>1191 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Konrad </td> <td>1190–1192 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gerhard </td> <td>1192 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Heinrich </td> <td>1193/1194 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prior_(ecclesiastical)" title="Prior (ecclesiastical)">Prior</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ulrich </td> <td>1195–1196 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Heinrich </td> <td>1196 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Preceptor" title="Preceptor">preceptor</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Grand_Masters_of_the_Order,_1198–1525"><span id="Grand_Masters_of_the_Order.2C_1198.E2.80.931525"></span>Grand Masters of the Order, 1198–1525</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Grand Masters of the Order, 1198–1525"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Teutonic Order as a spiritual <a href="/wiki/Military_order_(society)" class="mw-redirect" title="Military order (society)">military order</a> had a total of 37 grand masters between 1198 and 1525. </p><p>Several armorials of the 15th and early 16th century depict the coat of arms of the grand masters. These include the <i>Chronica</i> by Ulrich Richenthal,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an armorial of St. Gallen kept in Nuremberg,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an armorial of southwest Germany kept in <a href="/wiki/Leipzig" title="Leipzig">Leipzig</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Miltenberg armorial.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conspicuously absent from these lists are three grand masters, Gerhards von Malberg (1241–1244) and his successors Heinrich von Hohenlohe (1244–1249) and <a href="/wiki/Gunther_von_W%C3%BCllersleben" title="Gunther von Wüllersleben">Gunther von Wüllersleben</a> (1250–1252), so that pre-modern historiographical tradition has a list of 34 grand masters for the time before 1525 (as opposed to 37 in modern accounts).<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" width="75%"> <tbody><tr> <th><abbr title="Number">#</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Modern number">Mod</abbr> </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Reign </th> <th>Born </th> <th>Death </th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td>1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Walpot_von_Bassenheim" title="Heinrich Walpot von Bassenheim">Heinrich Walpot von Bassenheim</a><sup id="cite_ref-NDB_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NDB-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1198–sometime before 1208 </td> <td> </td> <td>24 Sep 1200 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td>2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Kerpen" title="Otto von Kerpen">Otto von Kerpen</a><sup id="cite_ref-NDB_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NDB-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Documented for 1208 </td> <td> </td> <td>1208 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td>3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_von_Tunna" title="Heinrich von Tunna">Heinrich von Tunna</a> </td> <td>1208–1209 </td> <td> </td> <td>1209 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td>4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hermann_von_Salza" title="Hermann von Salza">Hermann von Salza</a> </td> <td>1209–1239 </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1165 </td> <td>20 March 1239 </td> <td>As a friend and councillor of emperor <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick II</a>, Hermann achieved the recognition of the order as of equal status with the older military orders of the <a href="/wiki/Knights_Hospitaller" title="Knights Hospitaller">Knights Hospitaller</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Knights_Templar" title="Knights Templar">Knights Templar</a> by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Honorius_III" title="Pope Honorius III">Pope Honorius III</a>. In 1237, he also oversaw the incorporation of the <a href="/wiki/Livonian_Brothers_of_the_Sword" title="Livonian Brothers of the Sword">Livonian Brothers of the Sword</a> into the Teutonic order. </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td>5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Konrad_von_Th%C3%BCringen" class="mw-redirect" title="Konrad von Thüringen">Konrad von Thüringen</a> </td> <td>1239–1240 </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1206 </td> <td>24 July 1240 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">-</div> </td> <td>6 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_von_Malberg" title="Gerhard von Malberg">Gerhard von Malberg</a> </td> <td>1240–1244 </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1200 </td> <td>After 1245 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_von_Hohenlohe" title="Heinrich von Hohenlohe">Heinrich von Hohenlohe</a> </td> <td>1244–1249 </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1200 </td> <td>15 July 1249 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gunther_von_W%C3%BCllersleben" title="Gunther von Wüllersleben">Gunther von Wüllersleben</a> </td> <td>1249–1252 </td> <td> </td> <td>3 or 4 May 1252 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td>9 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Poppo_von_Osterna" title="Poppo von Osterna">Poppo von Osterna</a> </td> <td>1252–1256 </td> <td> </td> <td>6 Nov 1266 or 1267 </td> <td>The pretender <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_von_Urenbach" title="Wilhelm von Urenbach">Wilhelm von Urenbach</a> (1253–1256) was chosen in opposition to Poppo von Osterna).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td>10 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anno_von_Sangershausen" title="Anno von Sangershausen">Anno von Sangershausen</a> </td> <td>1256–1273 </td> <td> </td> <td>8 July 1273 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td>11 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hartmann_von_Heldrungen" title="Hartmann von Heldrungen">Hartmann von Heldrungen</a> </td> <td>1273–1282 </td> <td> </td> <td>19 Aug 1282 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td>12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Burchard_von_Schwanden" title="Burchard von Schwanden">Burchard von Schwanden</a> </td> <td>1282 or 1283–1290 </td> <td> </td> <td>1310 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Burchard_von_Schwanden" title="Burchard von Schwanden">Burchard von Schwanden</a>'s first year in office is given as 1282 on the Teutonic Order's German site and 1283 on the Austrian site. </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td>13 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Konrad_von_Feuchtwangen" title="Konrad von Feuchtwangen">Konrad von Feuchtwangen</a> </td> <td>1290–1297 </td> <td>Before 1230 </td> <td>4 July 1296 </td> <td>After the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Acre_(1291)" title="Siege of Acre (1291)">fall of Acre</a>, Konrad moved the Order's headquarters to <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venice</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 </td> <td>14 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gottfried_von_Hohenlohe" title="Gottfried von Hohenlohe">Gottfried von Hohenlohe</a> </td> <td>1297–1303 </td> <td>1265 </td> <td>19 Oct 1310 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 </td> <td>15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Siegfried_von_Feuchtwangen" title="Siegfried von Feuchtwangen">Siegfried von Feuchtwangen</a> </td> <td>1303–1311 </td> <td> </td> <td>1311 </td> <td>Of the same family as his predecessor Konrad von Feuchtwangen. Siegfried moved the order's headquarters to Prussia in 1309. </td></tr> <tr> <td>13 </td> <td>16 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karl_von_Trier" title="Karl von Trier">Karl von Trier</a> </td> <td>1311–1324 </td> <td>1265 </td> <td>11 Feb 1324 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>14 </td> <td>17 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Werner_von_Orseln" title="Werner von Orseln">Werner von Orseln</a> </td> <td>1324–1330 </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1280 </td> <td>18 Nov 1330 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 </td> <td>18 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Luther_von_Braunschweig" title="Luther von Braunschweig">Luther von Braunschweig</a> </td> <td>1331–1335 </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1275 </td> <td>18 April 1335 </td> <td>Also spelled Lothar </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 </td> <td>19 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dietrich_von_Altenburg" title="Dietrich von Altenburg">Dietrich von Altenburg</a> </td> <td>1335–1341 </td> <td> </td> <td>Oct 1341 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>17 </td> <td>20 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ludolf_K%C3%B6nig_von_Wattzau" title="Ludolf König von Wattzau">Ludolf König von Wattzau</a> </td> <td>1342–1345 </td> <td>Between 1280 and 1290 </td> <td>1348 or later </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>18 </td> <td>21 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Dusemer" title="Heinrich Dusemer">Heinrich Dusemer</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1345–1351 </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1280 </td> <td>1353 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 </td> <td>22 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Winrich_von_Kniprode" title="Winrich von Kniprode">Winrich von Kniprode</a> </td> <td>1351–1382 </td> <td>1310 </td> <td>1382 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 </td> <td>23 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Z%C3%B6llner_von_Rotenstein" title="Konrad Zöllner von Rotenstein">Konrad Zöllner von Rotenstein</a> </td> <td>1382–1390 </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1325 </td> <td>20 Aug 1390 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>21 </td> <td>24 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Konrad_von_Wallenrode" title="Konrad von Wallenrode">Konrad von Wallenrode</a> </td> <td>1391–1393 </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1330s </td> <td>23 July 1393 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 </td> <td>25 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Konrad_von_Jungingen" title="Konrad von Jungingen">Konrad von Jungingen</a> </td> <td>1393–1407 </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1355 </td> <td>30 March 1407 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 </td> <td>26 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ulrich_von_Jungingen" title="Ulrich von Jungingen">Ulrich von Jungingen</a> </td> <td>1407–1410 </td> <td> </td> <td>15 July 1410 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>24 </td> <td>27 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_von_Plauen" title="Heinrich von Plauen">Heinrich von Plauen</a> </td> <td>1410–1413 </td> <td>1360 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>25 </td> <td>28 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_K%C3%BCchmeister_von_Sternberg" title="Michael Küchmeister von Sternberg">Michael Küchmeister von Sternberg</a> </td> <td>1414–1422 </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1370 </td> <td>1429 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>26 </td> <td>29 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_von_Rusdorf" title="Paul von Rusdorf">Paul von Rusdorf</a> </td> <td>1422–1441 </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1385 </td> <td>1441 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>27 </td> <td>30 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Konrad_von_Erlichshausen" title="Konrad von Erlichshausen">Konrad von Erlichshausen</a> </td> <td>1441–1449 </td> <td>1390 or 1395 </td> <td>1449 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>28 </td> <td>31 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_von_Erlichshausen" title="Ludwig von Erlichshausen">Ludwig von Erlichshausen</a> </td> <td>1449 or 1450–1467 </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1410 </td> <td>4 April 1467 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_von_Erlichshausen" title="Ludwig von Erlichshausen">Ludwig von Erlichshausen</a>'s first year in office is given as 1449 on the Teutonic Order's German site and 1450 on the Austrian site. </td></tr> <tr> <td>29 </td> <td>32 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Reu%C3%9F_von_Plauen" title="Heinrich Reuß von Plauen">Heinrich Reuß von Plauen</a> </td> <td>1467–1470 </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1400 </td> <td>2 Jan 1470 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>30 </td> <td>33 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Reffle_von_Richtenberg" title="Heinrich Reffle von Richtenberg">Heinrich Reffle von Richtenberg</a> </td> <td>1470–1477 </td> <td>1415 </td> <td>1477 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>31 </td> <td>34 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Martin_Truchse%C3%9F_von_Wetzhausen" title="Martin Truchseß von Wetzhausen">Martin Truchseß von Wetzhausen</a> </td> <td>1477–1489 </td> <td>1435 </td> <td>3 Jan 1489 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>32 </td> <td>35 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Johann_von_Tiefen" title="Johann von Tiefen">Johann von Tiefen</a> </td> <td>1489–1497 </td> <td> </td> <td>25 Aug 1497 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>33 </td> <td>36 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_of_Saxony_(Teutonic_Knight)" title="Frederick of Saxony (Teutonic Knight)">Frederick, Duke of Saxony</a> </td> <td>1497–1510 </td> <td>26 Oct 1473 </td> <td>14 Dec 1510 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>34 </td> <td>37 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert,_Duke_of_Prussia" title="Albert, Duke of Prussia">Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach</a> </td> <td>1510–1525 </td> <td>17 May 1490 </td> <td>20 March 1568 </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="After_the_Reformation">After the Reformation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: After the Reformation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The last <i>Hochmeister</i>, Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach, converted to <a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheranism</a> and, with the consent of his overlord and uncle, King <a href="/wiki/Sigismund_I_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Sigismund I of Poland">Sigismund I of Poland</a>, turned the State of the Teutonic Order into the secular <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Prussia" title="Duchy of Prussia">Duchy of Prussia</a> per the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Krak%C3%B3w" title="Treaty of Kraków">Treaty of Kraków</a>, which was sealed by the <a href="/wiki/Prussian_Homage" title="Prussian Homage">Prussian Homage</a> in <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a> in 1525. The commanderies in the autonomous Livonian <a href="/wiki/Terra_Mariana" title="Terra Mariana">Terra Mariana</a> likewise were lost by 1561, as that region also became Protestant. However, the Order retained its bailiwicks in the Holy Roman Empire (<a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany" title="Kingdom of Germany">Germany</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)">Italy</a>), which had been administered by the <i>Deutschmeister</i> since 1219. </p><p>As the Order was now limited to its possessions in the German kingdom, incumbent <i>Deutschmeister</i> <a href="/wiki/Walter_von_Cronberg" title="Walter von Cronberg">Walter von Cronberg</a> was also appointed <i>Hochmeister</i> by Emperor <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles V</a> in 1527. The administrative seat was moved to <a href="/wiki/Mergentheim" class="mw-redirect" title="Mergentheim">Mergentheim</a> Castle in <a href="/wiki/Franconian_Circle" title="Franconian Circle">Franconia</a>. The <i>Hoch- und Deutschmeister</i> was ranked as one of the ecclesiastical <a href="/wiki/Princes_of_the_Holy_Roman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Princes of the Holy Roman Empire">Princes of the Holy Roman Empire</a> until 1806; when Mergentheim fell to the newly established <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Kingdom of Württemberg">Kingdom of Württemberg</a>, their residence was relocated to the <i>Deutschordenshaus</i> in <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>. The dual title lasted until in 1923, when the last secular Grand Master, <a href="/wiki/Archduke_Eugen_of_Austria" title="Archduke Eugen of Austria">Archduke Eugen of Austria</a>, resigned from office. </p><p>A Franconian <a href="/w/index.php?title=4th_Infantry_Regiment_%22Hoch-_und_Deutschmeister%22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4th Infantry Regiment "Hoch- und Deutschmeister" (page does not exist)"><i>Teutschmeister</i> regiment</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/k.u.k._Infanterieregiment_%E2%80%9EHoch-_und_Deutschmeister%E2%80%9C_Nr._4" class="extiw" title="de:k.u.k. Infanterieregiment „Hoch- und Deutschmeister“ Nr. 4">de</a>]</span> of the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Army_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Imperial Army (Holy Roman Empire)">Imperial Army</a> was formed under <a href="/wiki/Count_Palatine_Francis_Louis_of_Neuburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Count Palatine Francis Louis of Neuburg">Count Palatine Francis Louis of Neuburg</a> in 1696; organized as 4th Infantry Regiment in 1769 and deployed at Vienna, it was known as the <a href="/wiki/Lower_Austria" title="Lower Austria">Lower Austrian</a> <i>Hoch- und Deutschmeister</i> regiment from 1814. Chiefly known for its popular <a href="/wiki/Military_band" title="Military band">military band</a>, the regiment's tradition was adopted by the Wehrmacht <a href="/wiki/44th_Infantry_Division_(Wehrmacht)" title="44th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)">44th Infantry Division</a> in 1938 and today is maintained by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_J%C3%A4ger_Battalion_%22Hoch-_und_Deutschmeister%22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1st Jäger Battalion "Hoch- und Deutschmeister" (page does not exist)">1st Jäger Battalion</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A4gerbataillon_Wien_1_%E2%80%9EHoch-_und_Deutschmeister%E2%80%9C" class="extiw" title="de:Jägerbataillon Wien 1 „Hoch- und Deutschmeister“">de</a>]</span> of the <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Armed_Forces" title="Austrian Armed Forces">Austrian Armed Forces</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hoch-_und_Deutschmeister,_1527–1929"><span id="Hoch-_und_Deutschmeister.2C_1527.E2.80.931929"></span>Hoch- und Deutschmeister, 1527–1929</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Hoch- und Deutschmeister, 1527–1929"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Reign </th> <th>Born </th> <th>Death </th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Walter_von_Cronberg" title="Walter von Cronberg">Walter von Cronberg</a> </td> <td>1527–1543 </td> <td>1477 or 1479 </td> <td>4 April 1543 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Schutzbar" title="Wolfgang Schutzbar">Wolfgang Schutzbar</a> </td> <td>1543–1566 </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1483 </td> <td>11 Feb 1566 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Georg_Hund_von_Wenkheim" title="Georg Hund von Wenkheim">Georg Hund von Wenkheim</a> </td> <td>1566–1572 </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1520 </td> <td>17 June 1572 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_von_Bobenhausen" title="Heinrich von Bobenhausen">Heinrich von Bobenhausen</a> </td> <td>1572–1590 </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1514 </td> <td>21 March 1595 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_III,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria">Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria</a> </td> <td>1590–1618 </td> <td>12 Oct 1558 </td> <td>2 Nov 1618 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_of_Austria,_Bishop_of_Wroclaw" title="Charles of Austria, Bishop of Wroclaw">Charles of Austria, Bishop of Wroclaw</a> </td> <td>1619–1624 </td> <td>7 Aug 1590 </td> <td>28 Dec 1624 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Johann_Eustach_von_Westernach" title="Johann Eustach von Westernach">Johann Eustach von Westernach</a> </td> <td>1625–1627 </td> <td>16 Dec 1545 </td> <td>25 Oct 1627 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Johann_Kaspar_von_Stadion" title="Johann Kaspar von Stadion">Johann Kaspar von Stadion</a> </td> <td>1627–1641 </td> <td>21 Dec 1567 </td> <td>21 Nov 1641 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Leopold_Wilhelm_of_Austria" title="Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria">Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria</a> </td> <td>1641–1662 </td> <td>5 Jan 1614 </td> <td>20 Nov 1662 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Charles_Joseph_of_Austria" title="Archduke Charles Joseph of Austria">Archduke Charles Joseph of Austria</a> </td> <td>1662–1664 </td> <td>7 Aug 1649 </td> <td>27 Jan 1664 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Johann_Caspar_von_Ampringen" title="Johann Caspar von Ampringen">Johann Caspar von Ampringen</a> </td> <td>1664–1684 </td> <td>19 Jan 1619 </td> <td>9 Sep 1684 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Anton_von_Pfalz-Neuburg" title="Ludwig Anton von Pfalz-Neuburg">Ludwig Anton von Pfalz-Neuburg</a> </td> <td>1685–1694 </td> <td>1660 </td> <td>1694 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Francis_Louis_of_Palatinate-Neuburg" title="Francis Louis of Palatinate-Neuburg">Francis Louis of Palatinate-Neuburg</a> </td> <td>1694–1732 </td> <td>18 July 1664 </td> <td>6 April 1732 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Clemens_August_of_Bavaria" title="Clemens August of Bavaria">Prince Clemens August of Bavaria</a> </td> <td>1732–1761 </td> <td>17 Aug 1700 </td> <td>6 Feb 1761 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Prince_Charles_Alexander_of_Lorraine" title="Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine">Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine</a> </td> <td>1761–1780 </td> <td>12 Dec 1712 </td> <td>4 July 1780 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Maximilian_Francis_of_Austria" title="Archduke Maximilian Francis of Austria">Archduke Maximilian Francis of Austria</a> </td> <td>1780–1801 </td> <td>8 Dec 1756 </td> <td>26 July 1801 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Charles,_Duke_of_Teschen" title="Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen">Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen</a> </td> <td>1801–1804 </td> <td>5 Sep 1771 </td> <td>30 April 1847 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Anton_Victor_of_Austria" title="Archduke Anton Victor of Austria">Archduke Anton Victor of Austria</a> </td> <td>1804–1835 </td> <td>31 Aug 1779 </td> <td>2 April 1835 </td> <td>Office becomes hereditary to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg-Lorraine" title="House of Habsburg-Lorraine">Imperial House of Austria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Maximilian_of_Austria-Este" title="Archduke Maximilian of Austria-Este">Archduke Maximilian of Austria-Este</a> </td> <td>1835–1863 </td> <td>14 July 1782 </td> <td>1 June 1863 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Wilhelm_Franz_of_Austria" title="Archduke Wilhelm Franz of Austria">Archduke Wilhelm Franz of Austria</a> </td> <td>1863–1894 </td> <td>21 April 1827 </td> <td>29 April 1894 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Eugen_of_Austria" title="Archduke Eugen of Austria">Archduke Eugen of Austria</a> </td> <td>1894–1923 </td> <td>21 May 1863 </td> <td>30 Dec 1954 </td> <td>End of hereditary status </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Klein" title="Norbert Klein">Norbert Klein</a> </td> <td>1923–1929 </td> <td>25 Oct 1866 </td> <td>10 March 1933 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Brno" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Brno">Bishop of Brno</a> from 1916 until 1926 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1929–present"><span id="1929.E2.80.93present"></span>1929–present</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1929–present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Time of the Teutonic Order as a clerical <a href="/wiki/Religious_order_(Catholic)" title="Religious order (Catholic)">Roman Catholic religious order</a> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Reign </th> <th>Born </th> <th>Death </th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Klein" title="Norbert Klein">Norbert Klein</a> </td> <td>1929–1933 </td> <td>25 Oct 1866 </td> <td>10 March 1933 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Brno" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Brno">Bishop of Brno</a> from 1916 until 1926 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Paul Heider </td> <td>1933–1936 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Robert Schälzky </td> <td>1936–1948 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Marian Tumler </td> <td>1948–1970 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ildefons Pauler </td> <td>1970–1988 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Arnold Wieland </td> <td>1988–2000 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Platter" title="Bruno Platter">Bruno Platter</a> </td> <td>2000–2018 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_Bayard" title="Frank Bayard">Frank Bayard</a> </td> <td>2018–present </td> <td>11 Oct 1971 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bailiwick_of_Utrecht_of_the_Teutonic_Order" class="mw-redirect" title="Bailiwick of Utrecht of the Teutonic Order">Bailiwick of Utrecht of the Teutonic Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_master_(order)" title="Grand master (order)">Grand master (order)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Master_of_the_Order_of_Saint_Lazarus" title="Grand Master of the Order of Saint Lazarus">Grand Master of the Order of Saint Lazarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_masters_and_lieutenancies_of_the_Order_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand masters and lieutenancies of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre">Grand masters and lieutenancies of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_grand_masters_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller" title="List of grand masters of the Knights Hospitaller">List of grand masters of the Knights Hospitaller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_grand_masters_of_the_Knights_Templar" title="List of grand masters of the Knights Templar">List of grand masters of the Knights Templar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mergentheim#History" class="mw-redirect" title="Mergentheim">Mergentheim <i>(History)</i></a>, a former residence</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>: (<i>Sigillum Magistri Generalis Hospitalis Sancte Marie Theutonicorum Ier(oso)l(o)m(i)tan(i)</i>. <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Probably identical with Heinrich Walpot, the first Grand Master (see below)<sup id="cite_ref-NDB_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NDB-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150923220548/http://www.dr-bernhard-peter.de/Heraldik/Galerien2/galerie1533.htm">"Bernhard Peter (2011)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dr-bernhard-peter.de/Heraldik/Galerien2/galerie1533.htm">the original</a> on 2015-09-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bernhard+Peter+%282011%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dr-bernhard-peter.de%2FHeraldik%2FGalerien2%2Fgalerie1533.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrand+Master+of+the+Teutonic+Order" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kg1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kg1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kg1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGórski1949" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Górski, Karol (1949). <i>Związek Pruski i poddanie się Prus Polsce: zbiór tekstów źródłowych</i> (in Polish and Latin). <a href="/wiki/Pozna%C5%84" title="Poznań">Poznań</a>: Instytut Zachodni. pp. 96–97, 103, 214–215, 221.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Zwi%C4%85zek+Pruski+i+poddanie+si%C4%99+Prus+Polsce%3A+zbi%C3%B3r+tekst%C3%B3w+%C5%BAr%C3%B3d%C5%82owych&rft.place=Pozna%C5%84&rft.pages=96-97%2C+103%2C+214-215%2C+221&rft.pub=Instytut+Zachodni&rft.date=1949&rft.aulast=G%C3%B3rski&rft.aufirst=Karol&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrand+Master+of+the+Teutonic+Order" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Helmut Nickel, "Über das Hochmeisterwappen des Deutschen Ordens im Heiligen Lande", <i>Der Herold</i> 4/1990, 97–108 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mgh-bibliothek.de/dokumente/b/b038670.pdf">mgh-bibliothek.de</a>). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marie-Luise_Heckmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marie-Luise Heckmann (page does not exist)">Marie-Luise Heckmann</a>, "Überlegungen zu einem heraldischen Repertorium an Hand der Hochmeisterwappen des Deutschen Ordens" in: Matthias Thumser, Janusz Tandecki, Dieter Heckmann (eds.) <i>Edition deutschsprachiger Quellen aus dem Ostseeraum (14.-16. Jahrhundert)</i>, Publikationen des Deutsch-Polnischen Gesprächskreises für Quellenedition. Publikacje Niemiecko-Polskiej Grupy Dyskusyjnej do Spraw Edycij Zrodel 1, 2001, 315–346 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hs-augsburg.de/~harsch/germanica/Chronologie/14Jh/GoldeneBulle/Wappen.htm">online edition</a>). "Die zeitgenössische Überlieferung verdeutlicht für dieses Wappen hingegen einen anderen Werdegang. Der Modelstein eines Schildmachers, der unter Hermann von Salza zwischen 1229 und 1266 auf der Starkenburg (<a href="/wiki/Montfort_Castle" title="Montfort Castle">Montfort</a>) im Heiligen Land tätig war, und ein rekonstruiertes Deckengemälde in der Burgkapelle derselben Festung erlaubten der Forschung den Schluss, dass sich die Hochmeister schon im 13. Jahrhundert eines eigenen Wappens bedient hätten. Es zeigte ein auf das schwarze Ordenskreuz aufgelegtes goldenes Lilienkreuz mit dem bekannten Adlerschildchen. Die Wappensiegel des Elbinger Komturs von 1310 bzw. 1319, ein heute in Innsbruck aufbewahrter Vortrageschild des Hochmeisters Karl von Trier von etwa 1320 und das schlecht erhaltene Sekretsiegel desselben Hochmeisters von 1323 sind ebenfalls jeweils mit aufgelegtem goldenem Lilienkreuz ausgestattet."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Friedrich August Vossberg, <i>Geschichte der preussischen Münzen und Siegel von frühester Zeit bis zum Ende der Herrschaft des Deutschen Ordens</i>, 1843, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JyAPAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA112">p. 191</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Christiansen, 203</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-C204-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-C204_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-C204_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Christiansen, 204</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Christiansen, 78</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kg2-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kg2_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kg2_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kg2_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Górski, pp. 96–97, 214–215</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Christiansen, p. 205</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bartosz Gondek, Dorota Karaś, "Mistrzowie pochowani w jedwabiach", <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wyborcza.pl/1,75476,6067274,Mistrzowie_pochowani_w_jedwabiach.html">Gazeta Wyborcza</a></i>, 2008-12-16. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deutscher-orden.at/content/site/home/article/185.html">Segnung der Hochmeister-Krypta im Dom zu Kwidzyn/Marienwerder, deutscher-orden.at, 7 August 2010</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NDB-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NDB_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NDB_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NDB_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKurt_Forstreuter1969" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-interwiki-linked-name">Kurt Forstreuter (1969). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deutsche-biographie.de/ppn137318847.html">"Heinrich Walpot"</a>. In <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz_Wagner_(Historiker)" class="extiw" title="de:Fritz Wagner (Historiker)">Fritz Wagner</a> <span class="cs1-format">[in German]</span> (ed.). <i>Neue Deutsche Biographie</i>. Vol. 8. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot. p. 377 [online edition]. <q>Die Identität H.s mit dem Bruder Heinrich, der 1193 und 1194 als Prior, 1196 als „Preceptor" des Deutschen Hospitals in Akkon genannt wird, ist wahrscheinlich. Er empfängt als solcher Schenkungen für das Hospital und darf, da man über die Amtsbezeichnungen in diesem Hospital in jener Frühzeit sonst fast nichts weiß, wohl als Oberhaupt des Hospitals gelten. Als das Deutsche Hospital in Akkon am 5.3.1198 durch die Führer des deutschen Kreuzzugsheeres, das Heinrich VI. vorausgeeilt war, in einen Ritterorden verwandelt wurde, war es nur natürlich, daß man H. als ersten Hochmeister ausersah. Der Orden wurde 1199 von Papst Innozenz III. bestätigt. [...] Über die Dauer seiner Amtszeit ist nichts Sicheres bekannt. Sein Nachfolger Otto von Kerpen amtierte im September 1208 [...]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Heinrich+Walpot&rft.btitle=Neue+Deutsche+Biographie&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pages=377+online+edition&rft.pub=Duncker+%26+Humblot&rft.date=1969&rft.au=Kurt+Forstreuter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.deutsche-biographie.de%2Fppn137318847.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrand+Master+of+the+Teutonic+Order" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ulrich von Richental, Chronik des Constanzer Concils 1414 bis 1418, ed. Michael Richard Buck (1882, ND 1962), p. 184.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nürnberg, Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Graphische Sammlung Hz 603b, Kapsel 1384 a [St. Gallen, c. 1470: Wappen der Herren von Erlichshausen]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Leipzig, Universitätsbibliothek, Ms. 03 (formerly 2121), fol. 131v [1473/74, Schild der Herren von Erlichshausen)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i> L'armorial Miltenberg, un armorial de la fin du XVe siècle</i>, ed. Jean-Claude Loutsch, Schweizer Archiv für Heraldik 103 (1989) S. 95–165 (fol. 44r).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marie-Luise Heckmann, "Überlegungen zu einem heraldischen Repertorium an Hand der Hochmeisterwappen des Deutschen Ordens" in: Matthias Thumser, Janusz Tandecki, Dieter Heckmann (eds.) <i>Edition deutschsprachiger Quellen aus dem Ostseeraum (14.–16. Jahrhundert)</i>, Publikationen des Deutsch-Polnischen Gesprächskreises für Quellenedition. Publikacje Niemiecko-Polskiej Grupy Dyskusyjnej do Spraw Edycij Zrodel 1, 2001, 315–346 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hs-augsburg.de/~harsch/germanica/Chronologie/14Jh/GoldeneBulle/Wappen.htm">online edition</a>). "Die vorwissenschaftliche Tradition kennt also für die Zeit bis 1525 statt 37 Hochmeistern nur 34 Träger des höchsten Ordensamtes" fn. 68: "Dieselbe Tradition spiegeln folgende Hochmeisterlisten ohne Wappen: Berlin, GStA XX. HA OF 275, fol. 66r-68v, bes. fol. 66r; ebd., OBA 29095, fol. Iv-2r [Hochmeisterliste in Reinschrift], 2v-3r [Landmeisterliste in Reinschrift] 5r-7r [Hochmeisterliste als Konzept], 7v-8r [Landmeisterliste als Konzept], [unpaginiert vor 9]v-14r [Berechnungen der Regierungsjahre der Hochmeister]. Schrift und Inhalt weisen mit einer Ausnahme auf das 16. Jahrhundert als Entstehungszeitraum für diese Stücke, die erst im Nachhinein durch Bleistiftpaginierung zusammengefügt wurden."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Klaus Militzer. Poppo von Osterna (Osternohe) 1252–1256. In: Arnold, Udo (Ed.), <i>Die Hochmeister des Deutschen Ordens 1190–1994</i> (1998), p. 27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrzej Nowakowski (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ThshAQAAIAAJ"><i>Arms and armour in the medieval Teutonic Order's state in Prussia</i></a>. Volume 2 of Studies on the history of ancient and medieval art of warfare. Łódź: Oficyna Naukowa MS. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8385874010" title="Special:BookSources/978-8385874010">978-8385874010</a>. p. 33.Hans Koeppen (1969). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz29152.html">Heinrich Dusemer</a> (in German). <i>Neue Deutsche Biographie</i>, volume 8. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3428001893" title="Special:BookSources/3428001893">3428001893</a>. p.  378.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li>Arnold, Udo (ed.), <i>Die Hochmeister des Deutschen Ordens 1190–1994</i>. Quellen und Studien zur Geschichte des Deutschen Ordens 40 = Veröffentlichungen der Internationalen Historischen Kommission zur Erforschung des Deutschen Ordens 6. Marburg, 1998.</li> <li>Borchert Friedrich, "Die Hochmeister des Deutschen Ordens in Preußen." In: <i>Preußische Allgemeine Zeitung</i>, 6 October 2001.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristiansen1997" class="citation book cs1">Christiansen, Erik (1997). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/northerncrusades00eric/page/287"><i>The Northern Crusades</i></a></span>. London: Penguin Books. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/northerncrusades00eric/page/287">287</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-026653-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-026653-4"><bdi>0-14-026653-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Northern+Crusades&rft.place=London&rft.pages=287&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-14-026653-4&rft.aulast=Christiansen&rft.aufirst=Erik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnortherncrusades00eric%2Fpage%2F287&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrand+Master+of+the+Teutonic+Order" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Urban, William, <i>The Teutonic Knights: A Military History</i>. Greenhill Books. London, 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85367-535-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-85367-535-0">1-85367-535-0</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeutscher-Orden.de" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Deutscher-Orden.de. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070205232836/http://www.deutscher-orden.de/_pages/_orden_allgemein/geschichte/hochmeister.html">"Die Hochmeister"</a> (in German). 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Holy_See" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See">Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Holy_See#Equestrian_orders_of_the_Holy_See" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See">Orders<br />of the Holy See</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Order_of_Christ" title="Supreme Order of Christ">Supreme Order of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Golden_Spur" title="Order of the Golden Spur">Order of the Golden Spur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Pope_Pius_IX" title="Order of Pope Pius IX">Order of Pope Pius IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_St._Gregory_the_Great" title="Order of St. Gregory the Great">Order of St. Gregory the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_St._Sylvester" title="Order of St. Sylvester">Order of St. Sylvester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Holy_See#Under_protection_of_the_Holy_See" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See">Orders<br />under protection<br />of the Holy See</a><br /><small>(with distinctions)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre" title="Order of the Holy Sepulchre">Order of the Holy Sepulchre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palm_of_Jerusalem" title="Palm of Jerusalem">Palm of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre#Awards_and_distinctions" title="Order of the Holy Sepulchre">Pilgrim Shell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre#Awards_and_distinctions" title="Order of the Holy Sepulchre">Cross of Merit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta" title="Sovereign Military Order of Malta">Sovereign Military Order of Malta</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Order_pro_Merito_Melitensi" title="Order pro Merito Melitensi">Order pro Merito Melitensi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medal_of_the_Order_pro_Merito_Melitensi" class="mw-redirect" title="Medal of the Order pro Merito Melitensi">Medal of the Order pro Merito Melitensi</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%">Other distinctions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Rose" title="Golden Rose">Golden Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro_Ecclesia_et_Pontifice" title="Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice">Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benemerenti_medal" title="Benemerenti medal">Benemerenti medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Pilgrim%27s_Cross" title="Jerusalem Pilgrim's Cross">Jerusalem Pilgrim's Cross</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%">Defunct/dormant<br />distinctions<br /><small>(selection)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Order_of_Saint_John_of_the_Lateran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Order of Saint John of the Lateran (page does not exist)">Order of Saint John of the Lateran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Order_of_Saint_Cecilia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Order of Saint Cecilia (page does not exist)">Order of Saint Cecilia</a> (1870)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Order_of_the_Moor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Order of the Moor (page does not exist)">Order of the Moor</a> (1870)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Order_of_Saint_Sylvester_and_the_Militia_Aurata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Order of Saint Sylvester and the Militia Aurata (page does not exist)">Order of Saint Sylvester and the Militia Aurata</a> (1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advocates_of_Saint_Peter" title="Advocates of Saint Peter">Advocates of Saint Peter</a> (1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blessed_sword_and_hat" title="Blessed sword and hat">Blessed sword and hat</a> (1823)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro_Petri_Sede" title="Pro Petri Sede">Pro Petri Sede</a> (1860)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidei_et_Virtuti" title="Fidei et Virtuti">Fidei et Virtuti</a> (1867)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauretan_Cross" title="Lauretan Cross">Lauretan Cross</a> (<span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1980s</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_Lateran_Cross" title="Papal Lateran Cross">Papal Lateran Cross</a> (1977)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_household" title="Papal household">Papal household</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_nobility" title="Papal nobility">Papal nobility</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_nobility" title="Black nobility">Black nobility</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_academy" title="Pontifical academy">Pontifical academies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Guard" title="Swiss Guard">Swiss Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Holy_See#Other_Catholic_chivalric_orders" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See">Other Catholic orders of chivaly</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td 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