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.infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">John Patrick Diggins</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Patrick_Diggins.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/John_Patrick_Diggins.png/220px-John_Patrick_Diggins.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/John_Patrick_Diggins.png/330px-John_Patrick_Diggins.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/John_Patrick_Diggins.png/440px-John_Patrick_Diggins.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="846" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Diggins in 2008</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">John Patrick Diggins</div><br />April 1, 1935<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, California U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">January 28, 2009 (aged 73)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, New York U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Berkeley" class="mw-redirect" title="University of California Berkeley">University of California Berkeley</a><br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_Southern_California" title="University of Southern California">University of Southern California</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Doctorate" title="Doctorate">Doctorate</a>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role">History Professor, author</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1972–2007</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Partner</th><td class="infobox-data">Judith Diggins (1960–1978) Elizabeth Harlan (1994–2009)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Guggenheim_Fellowship" title="Guggenheim Fellowship">Guggenheim Fellowship</a><br /><a href="/wiki/John_H._Dunning_Prize" title="John H. Dunning Prize">John H. Dunning Prize</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Foundation" title="Rockefeller Foundation">Rockefeller Foundation</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>John Patrick Diggins</b> (April 1, 1935 – January 28, 2009) was an American professor of history at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Irvine" title="University of California, Irvine">University of California, Irvine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/City_University_of_New_York_Graduate_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="City University of New York Graduate Center">City University of New York Graduate Center</a>. </p><p>He was the author/editor of more than a dozen books and thirty articles on widely varied topics in U.S. intellectual history. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Patrick_Diggins&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Diggins was born in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a> to John Diggins Sr., who worked for the City of San Francisco as a gardener, and Anne Naughton Diggins. Both of his parents were immigrants from Ireland. Raised in a Roman Catholic household, he attended and graduated from <a href="/wiki/Sacred_Heart_Cathedral_Preparatory" title="Sacred Heart Cathedral Preparatory">Sacred Heart Cathedral Preparatory</a> School. </p><p>Diggins received a bachelor's degree from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a>, in 1957, a master's degree from <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_State_University" title="San Francisco State University">San Francisco State College</a>, and a doctorate in History from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Southern_California" title="University of Southern California">University of Southern California</a> in 1964. He was an assistant professor at San Francisco State College from 1963 to 1969; an associate professor, and then full professor at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Irvine" title="University of California, Irvine">University of California, Irvine</a> from 1969 to 1990; and from 1990, a Distinguished Professor at the <a href="/wiki/CUNY_Graduate_Center" title="CUNY Graduate Center">CUNY Graduate Center</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTObit_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTObit-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Patrick_Diggins&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Diggins taught history at <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_State_University" title="San Francisco State University">San Francisco State University</a> until 1969, when he accepted a position at UC Irvine. There, he served as an associate professor. In 1990, Diggins moved to City University of New York Graduate Center (CUNY), where he stayed for two decades. He served as acting director of the Graduate Center from 1996 to 1997. For a year, Diggins held the chair in American Civilization at the <a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_des_hautes_%C3%A9tudes" class="mw-redirect" title="École des hautes études">École des hautes études</a>, Paris, and was also a visiting professor at Cambridge and Princeton Universities. Additionally, Diggins was a consultant and frequent lecturer at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a> and <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Diggins' first book was <i>Mussolini and Fascism: The View from America,</i> in which he described the popularity of the Italian dictator prior to <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> and the reaction to him in the U.S. The book won Diggins the 1972 <a href="/wiki/John_H._Dunning_Prize" title="John H. Dunning Prize">John H. Dunning Prize</a>. He then wrote <i>The American Left in the Twentieth Century (1973),</i> which was later revised in 1992 as <i>The Rise and Fall of the American Left</i>. In this book, Diggins was critical of the <a href="/wiki/New_Left" title="New Left">New Left</a> and even tougher on the academic left, which had to a considerable extent inspired the New Left. He was also dismissive of the postmodernist ideas of <a href="/wiki/Michel_Foucault" title="Michel Foucault">Michel Foucault</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Derrida" title="Jacques Derrida">Jacques Derrida</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His next book was <i>Up from Communism,</i> which described four prominent doctrinaire liberal thinkers who changed their ideology to embrace conservatism. </p><p>In the best-selling <i>Ronald Reagan: Fate, Freedom, and the Making of History</i>, Diggins asserted that <a href="/wiki/Reagan" class="mw-redirect" title="Reagan">Reagan</a> was treated dismissively, and that his virtues were truly liberal. That view had been contrary to Diggins's original view of Reagan as governor of California during the <a href="/wiki/1960s_Berkeley_protests" title="1960s Berkeley protests">1960s Berkeley protests</a>, in which Reagan, as Diggins remembered, seemed to be "standing for tear gas and police."<sup id="cite_ref-Lowry20070218_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lowry20070218-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Diggins declared Reagan to be "one of the three or four truly great presidents in U.S. history."<sup id="cite_ref-Grimes_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grimes-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He stated that his view of Reagan changed upon reading Reagan's writings that were released after <a href="/wiki/Death_of_Ronald_Reagan" class="mw-redirect" title="Death of Ronald Reagan">Reagan's death</a>. Diggins concluded that Reagan was, in fact, "far from conservative" and more on the liberal side of the ideological spectrum.<sup id="cite_ref-Lowry20070218_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lowry20070218-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instead of his previous left-wing assumptions about him, Diggins wrote, "Reagan was the great liberating spirit of modern American history, a political romantic impatient with the status quo."<sup id="cite_ref-Lowry20070218_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lowry20070218-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Diggins' last book was <i>Why Niebuhr Now?,</i> describing the shifting political loyalties of <a href="/wiki/Reinhold_Niebuhr" title="Reinhold Niebuhr">Reinhold Niebuhr</a>. The book was published posthumously in 2011. </p><p>An obituary reported that Diggins "was "critical of the anti-capitalist Left for seeing in the abolition of property an end to oppression," but also "critical of the anti-government Right for seeing in the eradication of political authority the end of tyranny and the restoration of liberty."<sup id="cite_ref-DissentObit_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DissentObit-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He stated, "I am left of right and right of left." </p><p>Diggins was a consultant<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> on various documentary films, including <i>Between the Wars</i>, <i>Reds</i>, <i>John Dos Passos</i>, <i>The Greenwich Village Rebellion</i>, <i>Emma Goldman</i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arguing_the_World&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arguing the World (page does not exist)">Arguing the World</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Future of the American Left</i>, and <i>Il Duce, Fascismo e American</i> (Italian television). Diggins also appeared in numerous interviews with <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a>. </p><p>Diggins earned a <a href="/wiki/Guggenheim_Fellowship" title="Guggenheim Fellowship">Guggenheim Fellowship</a> in 1975, became a resident scholar at the <a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Foundation" title="Rockefeller Foundation">Rockefeller Foundation</a> in 1989, and was nominated for the National Book Award for History.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a critically acclaimed member of the <a href="/wiki/American_Historical_Association" title="American Historical Association">American Historical Association</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_Studies_Association" title="American Studies Association">American Studies Association</a>, and <a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After his death, the John Patrick Diggins '53 Endowed Scholarship was created in his name at Sacred Heart Preparatory School in San Francisco.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Patrick_Diggins&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In a review of Diggins' <i>Ronald Reagan: Fate, Freedom, and the Making of History</i> <a href="/wiki/Rich_Lowry" title="Rich Lowry">Rich Lowry</a>, editor of the <i><a href="/wiki/National_Review" title="National Review">National Review</a>,</i> wrote, </p> <blockquote><p>Diggins seems blinded by Reagan's sunniness, which, in this interpretation, was not just a matter of temperament, but reflective of a deep philosophical and religious conviction. Reagan, Diggins maintains, sought to rid "America of a God of judgment and punishment." This is absurd. Reagan had a charitable view of human nature and a relaxed, nonjudgmental air, but there is no denying his deeply felt <a href="/wiki/Social_conservatism" title="Social conservatism">social conservatism</a>. He wrote – as a sitting president, no less – the anti-abortion tract "Abortion and the Conscience of the Nation".<sup id="cite_ref-Lowry20070218_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lowry20070218-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Patrick_Diggins&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Diggins' marriage to his wife, Judith, ended in divorce. As a California native, he lived in <a href="/wiki/Laguna_Beach,_California" title="Laguna Beach, California">Laguna Beach, California</a>, for years while he taught at UC Irvine. Later, Diggins lived on the <a href="/wiki/Upper_West_Side" title="Upper West Side">Upper West Side</a> in Manhattan while teaching at CUNY Graduate Center. He died in Manhattan on January 28, 2009, after a battle with <a href="/wiki/Colorectal_cancer" title="Colorectal cancer">Colorectal cancer</a>. He was survived by his companion of fifteen years, the author Elizabeth Harlan; a son and a daughter; two sisters; and two grandchildren.<sup id="cite_ref-Grimes_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grimes-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Patrick_Diggins&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>(2011) <i>Why Niebuhr Now?</i> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780226148830" title="Special:BookSources/9780226148830">9780226148830</a>)</li> <li>(2007) <i>Eugene O'Neill's America: Desire Under Democracy</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780226148809" title="Special:BookSources/9780226148809">9780226148809</a>)</li> <li>(2007) <i>Ronald Reagan: Fate, Freedom, and the Making of History</i></li> <li>(2004) <i>The Portable John Adams</i> (editor)</li> <li>(2003) <i>John Adams: The American Presidents Series</i></li> <li>(2000) <i>On Hallowed Ground: Abraham Lincoln and the Foundations of American History</i></li> <li>(1997) <i>The Liberal Persuasion: Arthur Schlesinger, Jr. and the Challenge of the American Past</i> (co-editor)</li> <li>(1996) <i>Max Weber: Politics and the Spirit of Tragedy</i></li> <li>(1994) <i>The Promise of Pragmatism: Modernism and the Crisis of Knowledge and Authority</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780226148786" title="Special:BookSources/9780226148786">9780226148786</a>)</li> <li>(1988) <i>The Proud Decades: America in War and Peace, 1941–1960</i></li> <li>(1984) <i>The Lost Soul of American Politics: Virtue, Self-Interest, and the Foundations of Liberalism</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780226148779" title="Special:BookSources/9780226148779">9780226148779</a>)</li> <li>(1981) <i>The Problem of Authority in America</i> (co-editor)</li> <li>(1978) <i>The Bard of Savagery: Thorstein Veblen and Modern Social Theory</i></li> <li>(1975) <i>Up From Communism: Conservative Odysseys in American Intellectual History</i></li> <li>(1973) <i>The American Left in the Twentieth Century</i> (reworked into <i>The Rise and Fall of the American Left</i>, 1992)</li> <li>(1972) <i>Mussolini and Fascism: The View from America</i></li></ul> <p><b>Journal articles</b> </p> <ul><li>Dos Passos and Veblen's Villains, <i>Antioch Review</i> 23, no. 4 (1963–1964): 485–500.</li> <li>Flirtation with Fascism: American Pragmatic Liberals and Mussolini's Italy, <i>American Historical Review</i> 71, no. 2 (1966): 487–506.</li> <li>The American Writer, Fascism, and the Liberation of Italy, <i>American Quarterly</i> 18, no. 4 (1966): 599–614.</li> <li>Mussolini and America: Hero-Worship, Charisma, and the "Vulgar Talent," <i>Historian</i> 28, no. 4 (1966): 559–85.</li> <li>American Catholics and Italian Fascism, <i>Journal of Contemporary History</i> 2, no. 4 (1967): 51–68.</li> <li>The Italo-American Antifascist Opposition, <i>Journal of American History</i> 54, no. 3 (1967)</li> <li>Ideology and Pragmatism: Philosophy or Passion?, <i>American Political Science Review</i> 64, no. 3 (1970): 899–906.</li> <li>Consciousness and Ideology in American History: The Burden of Daniel J. Boorstin, <i>American Historical Review</i> 76, no. 1 (1971): 99–118.</li> <li>The Perils of Naturalism: Some Reflections on Daniel J. Boorstin's Approach to American History, <i>American Quarterly</i> 23, no. 2 (1971): 153–80.</li> <li>Thoreau, Marx, and the "Riddle" of Alienation, <i>Social Research</i> 39, no. 4 (1972)</li> <li>Getting Hegel out of History: Max Eastman's Quarrel with Marxism, <i>American Historical Review</i> 79, no. 1 (1974): 38–71.</li> <li>Visions of Chaos and Visions of Order: Dos Passos as Historian, <i>American Literature</i> 46, no. 3 (1974): 329–46.</li> <li>Four Theories in Search of a Reality: James Burnham, Soviet Communism, and the Cold War, <i>American Political Science Review</i> 70, no. 2 (1976): 492–508.</li> <li>Slavery, Race, and Equality: Jefferson and the Pathos of the Enlightenment, <i>American Quarterly</i> 28, no. 2 (1976): 206–28.</li> <li>Animism and the Origins of Alienation: The Anthropological Perspective of Thorstein Veblen, <i>History and Theory</i> 16, no. 2 (1977): 113–36.</li> <li>Reification and the Cultural Hegemony of Capitalism: The Perspectives of Marx and Veblen, <i>Social Research</i> 44, no. 2 (1977).</li> <li>Barbarism and Capitalism: The Strange Perspectives of Thorstein Veblem, <i>Marxist Perspectives</i> 1, no. 2 (1978): 138–57.</li> <li>The Socialization of Authority and the Dilemmas of American Liberalism, <i>Social Research</i> 46 (1979): 454–86.</li> <li>Power and Authority in American History: The Case of Charles A. Beard and his Critics, <i>American Historical Review</i> 86, no. 4 (1981): 701–30.</li> <li>The Oyster and the Pearl: The Problem of Contextualism in Intellectual History, <i>History and Theory</i> 23, no. 2 (1984): 151–69.</li> <li>Republicanism and Progressivism, <i>American Quarterly</i> 37, no. 4 (1985): 572–98.</li> <li>"Who Bore the Failure of the Light": Henry Adams and the Crisis of Authority,<i> New England Quarterly</i> 58, no. 2 (1985): 165- 92.</li> <li>Comrades and Citizens: New Mythologies in American Historiography, <i>American Historical Review</i> 90, no. 3 (1985): 614–38.</li> <li>Between Bailyn and Beard: The Perspectives of Gordon S. Wood, <i>William and Mary Quarterly</i> vol. XLIV (1987): 563–68.</li> <li>John Adams et les Critiques Francais de la Constitution Americaine ("John Adams and the French Critics of the Constitution"), <i>La Revue Tocqueville</i> 9 (1987–1988): 155–80.</li> <li>The Misuses of Gramsci, <i>The Journal of American History</i> 75, no. 1 (1988): 141–45.</li> <li>Knowledge and Sorrow: Louis Hartz's Quarrel with American History, <i>Political Theory</i> 16, no. 3 (1988): 355–76.</li> <li>Class, Classical, and Consensus Views of the Constitution,<i> University of Chicago Law Review</i> 55, no. 2 (1988): 555–70.</li> <li>From Pragmatism to Natural Law: Walter Lippmann's Quest for the Foundation of Legitimacy, <i>Political Theory</i> 19, no. 4 (1991): 519–38.</li> <li>Thorstein Veblen and the Literature of the Theory Class, <i>International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society</i> 6, no. 4 (1993): 481–90.</li> <li>America's Two Visitors: Tocqueville and Weber, <i>La Revue Tocqueville</i> 17, no. 2 (1996): 165–182.</li> <li>Arthur O. Lovejoy and the Challenge of Intellectual History, <i>Journal of the History of Ideas</i> 67, no. 1 (2006): 181–208.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Patrick_Diggins&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NYTObit-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYTObit_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Grimes, William. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/30/arts/30diggins.html">"John P. Diggins, 73, Historian, Dies"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, January 29, 2009. Accessed January 30, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/diggins-john-patrick-1935-john-p-diggins">"Diggins, John Patrick 1935- (John P. Diggins) | Encyclopedia.com"</a>. <i>www.encyclopedia.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-10-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.encyclopedia.com&rft.atitle=Diggins%2C+John+Patrick+1935-+%28John+P.+Diggins%29+%7C+Encyclopedia.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.com%2Farts%2Feducational-magazines%2Fdiggins-john-patrick-1935-john-p-diggins&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Patrick+Diggins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dissentmagazine.org/online_articles/man-in-the-middle-john-patrick-diggins">"Man in the Middle: John Patrick Diggins"</a>. <i>Dissent Magazine</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-10-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dissent+Magazine&rft.atitle=Man+in+the+Middle%3A+John+Patrick+Diggins&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dissentmagazine.org%2Fonline_articles%2Fman-in-the-middle-john-patrick-diggins&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Patrick+Diggins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lowry20070218-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lowry20070218_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lowry20070218_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lowry20070218_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lowry20070218_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLowry2007" class="citation news cs1">Lowry, Rich (2007-02-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/18/books/review/Lowry2.t.html">"Ronald Reagan: Fate, Freedom, and the Making of History By John Patrick Diggins – Books – Review"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-10-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Ronald+Reagan%3A+Fate%2C+Freedom%2C+and+the+Making+of+History+By+John+Patrick+Diggins+%E2%80%93+Books+%E2%80%93+Review&rft.date=2007-02-18&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Lowry&rft.aufirst=Rich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F02%2F18%2Fbooks%2Freview%2FLowry2.t.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Patrick+Diggins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grimes-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Grimes_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Grimes_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrimes2009" class="citation news cs1">Grimes, William (2009-01-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/30/arts/30diggins.html">"John P. Diggins, 73, Intellectual Historian, Is Dead"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-10-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=John+P.+Diggins%2C+73%2C+Intellectual+Historian%2C+Is+Dead&rft.date=2009-01-29&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Grimes&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F01%2F30%2Farts%2F30diggins.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Patrick+Diggins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DissentObit-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DissentObit_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mattson, Kevin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dissentmagazine.org/online.php?id=205">"Man in the Middle: John Patrick Diggins"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090219205618/http://dissentmagazine.org/online.php?id=205">Archived</a> 2009-02-19 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dissent_(American_magazine)" title="Dissent (American magazine)">Dissent Magazine</a></i>, February 12, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/arguing/credits.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Arguing the World," credits"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PBS&rft.atitle=%22Arguing+the+World%2C%22+credits&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Farguing%2Fcredits.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Patrick+Diggins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/diggins-john-patrick-1935-john-p-diggins">"Diggins, John Patrick 1935- (John P. Diggins) | Encyclopedia.com"</a>. <i>www.encyclopedia.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-10-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.encyclopedia.com&rft.atitle=Diggins%2C+John+Patrick+1935-+%28John+P.+Diggins%29+%7C+Encyclopedia.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.com%2Farts%2Feducational-magazines%2Fdiggins-john-patrick-1935-john-p-diggins&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Patrick+Diggins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/diggins-john-patrick-1935-john-p-diggins">"Diggins, John Patrick 1935- (John P. Diggins) | Encyclopedia.com"</a>. <i>www.encyclopedia.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-10-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.encyclopedia.com&rft.atitle=Diggins%2C+John+Patrick+1935-+%28John+P.+Diggins%29+%7C+Encyclopedia.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.com%2Farts%2Feducational-magazines%2Fdiggins-john-patrick-1935-john-p-diggins&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Patrick+Diggins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://issuu.com/shcinsf/docs/honor_20roll_202017-18_issuu">"SHC Honor Roll of Investors 2017–18"</a>. <i>Issuu</i>. 20 November 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-10-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Issuu&rft.atitle=SHC+Honor+Roll+of+Investors+2017%E2%80%9318&rft.date=2017-11-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fissuu.com%2Fshcinsf%2Fdocs%2Fhonor_20roll_202017-18_issuu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Patrick+Diggins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Patrick_Diggins&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?49263">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/108443685">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1433866/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJvHcQjppmtBDTdWhwXTpP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/133523721">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50025514">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123628226">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123628226">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Diggins, John Patrick"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/IEIV002541">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an61541379">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0152674&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p068772270">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90406709">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058514724806706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00656873?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/133523721">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/032635753">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6rs458r">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Patrick_Diggins&oldid=1229107220">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Patrick_Diggins&oldid=1229107220</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1935_births" 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