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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Wine making in Sweden</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kullabygden_Silex.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Kullabygden_Silex.jpg/170px-Kullabygden_Silex.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="322" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Kullabygden_Silex.jpg/255px-Kullabygden_Silex.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Kullabygden_Silex.jpg/340px-Kullabygden_Silex.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1311" data-file-height="2482" /></a><figcaption>A Swedish wine from <a href="/wiki/Scania" title="Scania">Scania</a>, produced from <a href="/wiki/Solaris_(grape)" title="Solaris (grape)">Solaris</a> grapes grown on <a href="/wiki/Flint" title="Flint">flint</a> soil.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blaxsta_Vidal_Icewine_2005_bottle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Blaxsta_Vidal_Icewine_2005_bottle.jpg/100px-Blaxsta_Vidal_Icewine_2005_bottle.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="323" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Blaxsta_Vidal_Icewine_2005_bottle.jpg/150px-Blaxsta_Vidal_Icewine_2005_bottle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Blaxsta_Vidal_Icewine_2005_bottle.jpg/200px-Blaxsta_Vidal_Icewine_2005_bottle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="490" data-file-height="1582" /></a><figcaption>A Swedish <a href="/wiki/Vidal_(grape)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vidal (grape)">Vidal</a> <a href="/wiki/Ice_wine" title="Ice wine">ice wine</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Swedish wine</b>, in terms of <a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">wine</a> produced commercially from <a href="/wiki/Grapes" class="mw-redirect" title="Grapes">grapes</a> grown in Sweden, is a very marginal but growing industry which saw its first beginnings in the late 1990s. </p><p>In less strict usage, the term "Swedish wine" has also been applied to <a href="/wiki/Fruit_wine" title="Fruit wine">fruit wine</a> from Sweden, which has a very long tradition, and wine produced in Sweden from imported grape juice, which goes back longer than actual <a href="/wiki/Viticulture" title="Viticulture">viticulture</a> in Sweden. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swedish_wine&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sweden is well north of the area where the European <a href="/wiki/Vine" title="Vine">vine</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Vitis_vinifera" title="Vitis vinifera">Vitis vinifera</a></i>, occurs naturally, and there is no historic tradition of wine production from grapes in the country. Some sources claim that some monastic <a href="/wiki/Vineyard" title="Vineyard">vineyards</a> were established when the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic church">Roman Catholic church</a> established monasteries in Sweden in <a href="/wiki/Medieval" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval">medieval</a> times,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> when <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Warm_Period" title="Medieval Warm Period">Sweden's climate was milder</a>, but traces of this supposed viticulture are much less evident than the corresponding activities in England, for example. </p><p>Small-scale growing of grapes in Swedish <a href="/wiki/Orangery" title="Orangery">orangeries</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Greenhouse" title="Greenhouse">greenhouses</a> has occurred for a long time, but the purpose of such plantations was to provide table grapes as fruit or for decoration or exhibition purposes, and not to provide grapes for wine production. </p><p>Towards the end of the 20th century, commercial viticulture slowly crept northwards, into areas beyond the well-established wine regions, as evidenced by <a href="/wiki/Canadian_wine" title="Canadian wine">Canadian wine</a>, <a href="/wiki/English_wine" class="mw-redirect" title="English wine">English wine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Danish_wine" title="Danish wine">Danish wine</a>. This trend was partially made possible by the use of new <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_grape" title="Hybrid grape">hybrid grape</a> varieties, partially by new viticultural techniques, and partially by <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>. </p><p>The idea of commercial freeland viticulture in Sweden appeared in the 1990s. Some pioneers, especially in <a href="/wiki/Sk%C3%A5ne" class="mw-redirect" title="Skåne">Skåne</a> (Scania), took their inspiration from nearby Denmark, where viticulture started earlier than in Sweden, while others took their inspiration from experiences in other winemaking countries.<sup id="cite_ref-DN_Scania_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DN_Scania-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Perhaps surprisingly, the first two wineries of some size were not established in the far south of Sweden, but in <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6dermanland_County" title="Södermanland County">Södermanland County</a> close to <a href="/wiki/Flen" title="Flen">Flen</a> (in an area where <a href="/wiki/Orchard" title="Orchard">orchards</a> were common), and on the island of <a href="/wiki/Gotland" title="Gotland">Gotland</a>, which has the largest number of sunshine hours in Sweden. Later expansions have mostly been in <a href="/wiki/Scania" title="Scania">Scania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-DN_Scania_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DN_Scania-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are also small-scale viticulturalists who grow their grapes in greenhouses rather than in the open.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Small quantities of a few commercial Swedish wines were sold by <a href="/wiki/Systembolaget" title="Systembolaget">Systembolaget</a> from the early 2000s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_industry">Modern industry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swedish_wine&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Modern industry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Only a handful of Swedish producers can be considered to be commercial operations, rather than hobby wine makers. In 2006, the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Board_of_Agriculture" title="Swedish Board of Agriculture">Swedish Board of Agriculture</a> counted four Swedish companies that commercialized wine produced from their own vineyards. The total production was 5,617 litres (1,236 imperial gallons; 1,484 US gallons), of which 3,632 litres (799 imperial gallons; 959 US gallons) were red and 1,985 litres (437 imperial gallons; 524 US gallons) white, and this amount was produced from around 10 hectares (25 acres) of vineyards.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Association of Swedish winegrowers estimates 30-40 vinegrowing establishments in Scania, but this number includes hobby growers with a fraction of a hectare of vineyards.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Regulations">Regulations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swedish_wine&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Regulations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As a member of the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>, wine production in Sweden has to abide by the <a href="/wiki/European_Union_wine_regulations" title="European Union wine regulations">European Union wine regulations</a>. However, as the total commercial vineyard area in Sweden stayed below 100 hectares (250 acres), Sweden did not have to apply for planting rights. Since this part of the regulations was abolished in 2015, Sweden was never affected by them. </p><p>So far, Sweden has only enacted a minimum of national laws and regulations related to viticulture, which include a list of allowed <a href="/wiki/Grape_variety" class="mw-redirect" title="Grape variety">grape varieties</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SJV_2007:18_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SJV_2007:18-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, there are no <a href="/wiki/Protected_designation_of_origin" title="Protected designation of origin">protected designations of origin</a> for Swedish wine, which means that Swedish producers are restricted to marketing <a href="/wiki/Table_wine" title="Table wine">table wines</a>, and can not market <a href="/wiki/QWpsr" class="mw-redirect" title="QWpsr">quality wines</a>. This means several restrictions on <a href="/wiki/Wine_label" title="Wine label">labeling practices</a>. For example, the <a href="/wiki/Vintage" title="Vintage">vintage</a> year may not be mentioned on the label. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Grape_varieties">Grape varieties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swedish_wine&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Grape varieties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following <a href="/wiki/Grape_varieties" class="mw-redirect" title="Grape varieties">grape varieties</a> are authorized for commercial wine production in Sweden:<sup id="cite_ref-SJV_2007:18_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SJV_2007:18-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="White_grapes">White grapes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swedish_wine&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: White grapes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bacchus_(grape)" title="Bacchus (grape)">Bacchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bianca_(grape)" title="Bianca (grape)">Bianca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chardonnay" title="Chardonnay">Chardonnay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerner_(grape)" title="Kerner (grape)">Kerner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeleine_Angevine" title="Madeleine Angevine">Madeleine Angevine</a> 7672</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malingre_Pr%C3%A9coce" title="Malingre Précoce">Malingre Précoce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merzling" title="Merzling">Merzling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCller-Thurgau" title="Müller-Thurgau">Müller-Thurgau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orion_(grape)" title="Orion (grape)">Orion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ortega_(grape)" title="Ortega (grape)">Ortega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(grape)" title="Phoenix (grape)">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reichensteiner" title="Reichensteiner">Reichensteiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riesling" title="Riesling">Riesling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sauvignon_blanc" title="Sauvignon blanc">Sauvignon blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seyval_blanc" title="Seyval blanc">Seyval blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siegerrebe" title="Siegerrebe">Siegerrebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solaris_(grape)" title="Solaris (grape)">Solaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidal_blanc" title="Vidal blanc">Vidal blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zalas_Perle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zalas Perle (page does not exist)">Zalas Perle</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Red_grapes">Red grapes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swedish_wine&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Red grapes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acolon" title="Acolon">Acolon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabernet_Dorsa" title="Cabernet Dorsa">Cabernet Dorsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabernet_Franc" title="Cabernet Franc">Cabernet Franc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%BChburgunder" class="mw-redirect" title="Frühburgunder">Frühburgunder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garanoir" title="Garanoir">Garanoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Millot" title="Léon Millot">Léon Millot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlot" title="Merlot">Merlot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinot_noir" title="Pinot noir">Pinot noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent_(grape)" title="Regent (grape)">Regent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondo_(grape)" title="Rondo (grape)">Rondo</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swedish_wine&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Winemaking" title="Winemaking">Winemaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Sweden" title="Agriculture in Sweden">Agriculture in Sweden</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swedish_wine&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.henriksdalsvingard.se/">Henriksdals Vingård: Är det möjligt att odla vin i Sverige?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090610163517/http://www.henriksdalsvingard.se/">Archived</a> 2009-06-10 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (<i>"Is it possible to grow wine in Sweden?"</i>), accessed on June 10, 2008 <span class="languageicon">(in Swedish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DN_Scania-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DN_Scania_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DN_Scania_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dn.se/DNet/road/Classic/article/0/jsp/print.jsp?&a=642449">Dagens Nyheter, April 23, 2007: Skåne på väg bli vindistrikt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20020418093809/http://www.dn.se/DNet/road/Classic/article/0/jsp/print.jsp">Archived</a> April 18, 2002, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (<i>"Scania on its way to becoming a wine region"</i>) <span class="languageicon">(in Swedish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.expressen.se/1.1016707">Expressen January 23, 2008: Åke vill sälja vin direkt från gården</a> (<i>"Åke wants to sell wine directly from his estate"</i>) <span class="languageicon">(in Swedish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sjv.se/amnesomraden/handelmarknad/vinodling.4.1510d9610291be901180001183.html">Jordbruksverket: Vinodling</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071113213820/http://www.sjv.se/amnesomraden/handelmarknad/vinodling.4.1510d9610291be901180001183.html">Archived</a> 2007-11-13 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (<i>Swedish Board of Agriculture: Viticulture</i>), accessed on July 9, 2008 <span class="languageicon">(in Swedish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.svenskavinodlare.se/Vingardar.html">Föreningen Svenska Vinodlare: Vingårdar</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100828135426/http://www.svenskavinodlare.se/vingardar.html">Archived</a> 2010-08-28 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> - as of July 8, 2009, 26 of the members of the Association of Swedish winegrowers had elected to be listed on the Association's webpage</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SJV_2007:18-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SJV_2007:18_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SJV_2007:18_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sjv.se/download/18.1b8099a110e3ab7cbd80004108/2007-018.pdf">SJVFS 2007:18 Föreskrifter om ändring i Statens jordbruksverks föreskrifter (SJVFS 2003:31) om uppgifter om vinodling, klassificering av druvsorter för vin-framställning och om skördedeklaration</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Swedish)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 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.navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wines" title="Template:Wines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wines" title="Template talk:Wines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wine" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">Wine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Viticulture" title="Viticulture">Viticulture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annual_growth_cycle_of_grapevines" title="Annual growth cycle of grapevines">Annual growth cycle of grapevines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oenology" title="Oenology">Oenology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitis#Species" title="Vitis">Species</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terroir" title="Terroir">Terroir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veraison" title="Veraison">Veraison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vineyard" title="Vineyard">Vineyard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_wine" title="History of wine">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ancient <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenicians_and_wine" title="Phoenicians and wine">Phoenicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece_and_wine" title="Ancient Greece and wine">Ancient Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome_and_wine" title="Ancient Rome and wine">Ancient Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_in_China" title="Wine in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah%27s_wine" title="Noah's wine">Noah's wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_French_wine" title="History of French wine">France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_French_Wine_Blight" title="Great French Wine Blight">Great French Wine Blight</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_wine#History" title="Georgian wine">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World_wine" title="New World wine">New World</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judgment_of_Paris_(wine)" title="Judgment of Paris (wine)">Judgment of Paris</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_wine" title="Red wine">Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_wine" title="White wine">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparkling_wine" title="Sparkling wine">Sparkling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ros%C3%A9" title="Rosé">Rosé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_wine" title="Orange wine">Orange</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dessert_wine" title="Dessert wine">Dessert</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fortified_wine" title="Fortified wine">Fortified</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_wine" title="Ice wine">Ice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aromatised_wine" title="Aromatised wine">Aromatized</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fruit_wine" title="Fruit wine">Fruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noble_rot" title="Noble rot">Noble rot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straw_wine" title="Straw wine">Straw</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Other <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Table_wine" title="Table wine">Table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_wine" title="Natural wine">Natural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodynamic_wine" title="Biodynamic wine">Biodynamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organic_wine" title="Organic wine">Organic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosher_wine" title="Kosher wine">Kosher</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Top <a href="/wiki/List_of_grape_varieties" title="List of grape varieties">grape varieties</a><br />by acreage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/White_wine" title="White wine">White</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air%C3%A9n" title="Airén">Airén</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aligot%C3%A9" title="Aligoté">Aligoté</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catarratto" title="Catarratto">Catarratto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayetana_blanca" title="Cayetana blanca">Cayetana blanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chardonnay" title="Chardonnay">Chardonnay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chenin_blanc" title="Chenin blanc">Chenin blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombard" title="Colombard">Colombard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glera_(grape)" title="Glera (grape)">Glera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%BCner_Veltliner" title="Grüner Veltliner">Grüner Veltliner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macabeo" title="Macabeo">Macabeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCller-Thurgau" title="Müller-Thurgau">Müller-Thurgau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscat_Blanc_%C3%A0_Petits_Grains" title="Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains">Muscat blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscat_of_Alexandria" title="Muscat of Alexandria">Muscat of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palomino_(grape)" title="Palomino (grape)">Palomino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riesling" title="Riesling">Riesling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rkatsiteli" title="Rkatsiteli">Rkatsiteli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sauvignon_blanc" title="Sauvignon blanc">Sauvignon blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9millon" title="Sémillon">Sémillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trebbiano" title="Trebbiano">Trebbiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welschriesling" title="Welschriesling">Welschriesling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Red_wine" title="Red wine">Red</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alicante_Bouschet" title="Alicante Bouschet">Alicante Bouschet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbera" title="Barbera">Barbera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobal" title="Bobal">Bobal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabernet_Franc" title="Cabernet Franc">Cabernet Franc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabernet_Sauvignon" title="Cabernet Sauvignon">Cabernet Sauvignon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carignan" title="Carignan">Carignan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinsaut" title="Cinsaut">Cinsaut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douce_noir" title="Douce noir">Douce noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamay" title="Gamay">Gamay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenache" title="Grenache">Grenache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_(grape)" title="Isabella (grape)">Isabella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malbec" title="Malbec">Malbec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlot" title="Merlot">Merlot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montepulciano_(grape)" title="Montepulciano (grape)">Montepulciano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mourv%C3%A8dre" title="Mourvèdre">Mourvèdre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinot_noir" title="Pinot noir">Pinot noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangiovese" title="Sangiovese">Sangiovese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrah" title="Syrah">Syrah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempranillo" title="Tempranillo">Tempranillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zinfandel" title="Zinfandel">Zinfandel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_wine-producing_regions" title="List of wine-producing regions">Major regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_World_wine" title="Old World wine">Old World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World_wine" title="New World wine">New World</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Packaging, <a href="/wiki/Wine_accessory" title="Wine accessory">accessories</a>,<br />and <a href="/wiki/Storage_of_wine" title="Storage of wine">storage</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_wine_closure" title="Alternative wine closure">Alternative wine closure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Box_wine" title="Box wine">Box wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corkscrew" title="Corkscrew">Corkscrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decanter" title="Decanter">Decanter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jug_wine" title="Jug wine">Jug wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kvevri" title="Kvevri">Kvevri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muselet" title="Muselet">Muselet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_tongs" title="Port tongs">Port tongs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screw_cap_(wine)" title="Screw cap (wine)">Screw cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_bottle" title="Wine bottle">Wine bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_cave" title="Wine cave">Wine cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_cellar" title="Wine cellar">Wine cellar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_cork" title="Wine cork">Wine cork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_dispenser" title="Wine dispenser">Wine dispenser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_glass" title="Wine glass">Wine glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_label" title="Wine label">Wine label</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_rack" title="Wine rack">Wine rack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wine_chemistry" title="Wine chemistry">Wine chemistry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aroma_of_wine" title="Aroma of wine">Aroma of wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acids_in_wine" title="Acids in wine">Acids in wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenolic_content_in_wine" title="Phenolic content in wine">Phenolic content in wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteins_in_wine" title="Proteins in wine">Proteins in wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugars_in_wine" title="Sugars in wine">Sugars in wine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Industry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classification_of_wine" title="Classification of wine">Classification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oenophilia" title="Oenophilia">Oenophilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sommelier" title="Sommelier">Sommelier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_and_food_pairing" title="Wine and food pairing">Wine and food pairing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_fault" title="Wine fault">Wine fault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_fraud" title="Wine fraud">Wine fraud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winemaker" title="Winemaker">Winemaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wine_personalities" class="mw-redirect" title="List of wine personalities">Wine personalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_tasting" title="Wine tasting">Wine tasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_tasting_descriptors" title="Wine tasting descriptors">Wine tasting descriptors</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/8px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/13px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/17px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="948" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Wine" title="Portal:Wine">Wine portal</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_wine" title="Outline of wine">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_wine_terms" title="Glossary of wine terms">Glossary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Winemaking" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Winemaking" title="Template:Winemaking"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Winemaking" title="Template talk:Winemaking"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Winemaking" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Winemaking"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Winemaking" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Winemaking" title="Winemaking">Winemaking</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harvest_(wine)" title="Harvest (wine)">Harvest</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Late_harvest_wine" title="Late harvest wine">Late harvest wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noble_rot" title="Noble rot">Noble rot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vintage" title="Vintage">Vintage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pressing_(wine)" title="Pressing (wine)">Pressing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acids_in_wine" title="Acids in wine">Deacidification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destemming" class="mw-redirect" title="Destemming">Destemming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaptalization" title="Chaptalization">Chaptalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_press" class="mw-redirect" title="Wine press">Wine press</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maceration_(wine)" title="Maceration (wine)">Maceration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carbonic_maceration" title="Carbonic maceration">Carbonic maceration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fermentation_in_winemaking" title="Fermentation in winemaking">Fermentation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malolactic_fermentation" title="Malolactic fermentation">Malolactic fermentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparkling_wine_production" title="Sparkling wine production">Sparkling wine production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugars_in_wine" title="Sugars in wine">Sugars in wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCssreserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Süssreserve">Süssreserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_method" title="Traditional method">Traditional method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeast_assimilable_nitrogen" title="Yeast assimilable nitrogen">Yeast assimilable nitrogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeast_in_winemaking" title="Yeast in winemaking">Yeast in winemaking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aging_of_wine" title="Aging of wine">Aging</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oak_(wine)" title="Oak (wine)">Oak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solera" title="Solera">Solera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_cellar" title="Wine cellar">Wine cellar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other steps</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clarification_and_stabilization_of_wine" title="Clarification and stabilization of wine">Clarification and stabilization of wine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Winery" title="Winery">Winery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_bottle" title="Wine bottle">Wine bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_viticulture_terms" title="Glossary of viticulture terms">Glossary of viticulture terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_winemaking_terms" title="Glossary of winemaking terms">Glossary of winemaking terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_tasting_descriptors" title="Wine tasting descriptors">Wine tasting descriptors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_wine_press" title="History of the wine press">History of the wine press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_wine" title="History of wine">History of wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terroir" title="Terroir">Terroir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/8px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/13px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/17px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="948" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Wine" title="Portal:Wine">Wine portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wine_by_country" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wine_by_country" title="Template:Wine by country"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wine_by_country" title="Template talk:Wine by country"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wine_by_country" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wine by country"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wine_by_country" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_wine-producing_countries" class="mw-redirect" title="List of wine-producing countries">Wine by country</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_wine" title="Algerian wine">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_wine" title="Egyptian wine">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_wine" title="Ethiopian wine">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_wine" title="Moroccan wine">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibian_wine" title="Namibian wine">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_wine" title="South African wine">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzanian_wine" title="Tanzanian wine">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_wine" title="Tunisian wine">Tunisia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazian_wine" title="Abkhazian wine">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_wine" title="Azerbaijani wine">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutan_wine" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhutan wine">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_in_China" title="Wine in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_wine" title="Indian wine">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_wine" title="Persian wine">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_wine" title="Israeli wine">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_wine" title="Japanese wine">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_wine" title="Jordanian wine">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_wine" title="Kazakh wine">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_wine" title="Lebanese wine">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal_wine" class="mw-redirect" title="Nepal wine">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_wine" title="Palestinian wine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_wine" title="Philippine wine">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_wine" title="Syrian wine">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_wine" title="Taiwanese wine">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_wine" title="Thai wine">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_wine" title="Turkish wine">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_wine" title="Vietnamese wine">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_wine" title="Albanian wine">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_wine" title="Armenian wine">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_wine" title="Austrian wine">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_wine" title="Belgian wine">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_wine" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina wine">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_wine" title="Bulgarian wine">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_wine" title="Croatian wine">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypriot_wine" title="Cypriot wine">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_wine" title="Czech wine">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_wine" title="Danish wine">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_wine" title="French wine">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_wine" title="Georgian wine">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_wine" title="German wine">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_wine" title="Greek wine">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_wine" title="Hungarian wine">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_wine" title="Irish wine">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_wine" title="Italian wine">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein_wine" title="Liechtenstein wine">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_wine" class="mw-redirect" title="Luxembourg wine">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltese_wine" title="Maltese wine">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldovan_wine" title="Moldovan wine">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_wine" title="Montenegrin wine">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonian_wine" class="mw-redirect" title="North Macedonian wine">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_wine" title="Dutch wine">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_wine" title="Polish wine">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_wine" title="Portuguese wine">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_wine" title="Romanian wine">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_wine" title="Russian wine">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammarinese_wine" title="Sammarinese wine">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_wine" title="Serbian wine">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_wine" title="Slovak wine">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_wine" title="Slovenian wine">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_wine" title="Spanish wine">Spain</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_wine" title="Swiss wine">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_wine" title="Ukrainian wine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_from_the_United_Kingdom" title="Wine from the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_wine" title="Canadian wine">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_wine" title="Mexican wine">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_wine" title="American wine">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_wine" title="Australian wine">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_wine" title="New Zealand wine">New Zealand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_wine" title="Argentine wine">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivian_wine" title="Bolivian wine">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_wine" title="Brazilian wine">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_wine" title="Chilean wine">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_wine" title="Paraguayan wine">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_wine" title="Peruvian wine">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguayan_wine" title="Uruguayan wine">Uruguay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sweden_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sweden_topics" title="Template:Sweden topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sweden_topics" title="Template talk:Sweden topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sweden_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sweden topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sweden_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sweden" title="History of Sweden">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Sweden" title="Prehistoric Sweden">Prehistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sweden_(800%E2%80%931521)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Sweden (800–1521)">800–1521</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalmar_Union" title="Kalmar Union">Kalmar Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sweden_(1523%E2%80%931611)" title="History of Sweden (1523–1611)">1523–1611</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sweden_(1611%E2%80%931648)" title="History of Sweden (1611–1648)">Rise to become Great Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Empire" title="Swedish Empire">Swedish Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Northern_War" title="Great Northern War">Great Northern War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Liberty" title="Age of Liberty">Age of Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coup_of_1756" title="Coup of 1756">Coup of 1756</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_Crisis_(1768)" title="December Crisis (1768)">December Crisis (1768)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_1772" title="Revolution of 1772">Revolution of 1772</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavian_era" title="Gustavian era">Gustavian era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coup_of_1809" title="Coup of 1809">Coup of 1809</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_between_Sweden_and_Norway" title="Union between Sweden and Norway">Sweden–Norway union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_famine_of_1867%E2%80%931869" title="Swedish famine of 1867–1869">Famine of 1867–1869</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden_during_the_late_19th_century" title="Sweden during the late 19th century">Modernization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrialization_of_Sweden" title="Industrialization of Sweden">Industrialization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden_during_World_War_I" title="Sweden during World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden_during_World_War_II" title="Sweden during World War II">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sweden_during_World_War_II_(timeline)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sweden during World War II (timeline)">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sweden_(1945%E2%80%931967)" title="History of Sweden (1945–1967)">1945–1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sweden_(1967%E2%80%931991)" title="History of Sweden (1967–1991)">1967–1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sweden_(1991%E2%80%93present)" title="History of Sweden (1991–present)">Since 1991</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Sweden" title="Geography of Sweden">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Sweden" title="List of cities in Sweden">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Sweden" title="Counties of Sweden">Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_points_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Extreme points of Sweden">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forests_of_Sweden" title="Forests of Sweden">Forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Sweden" title="List of islands of Sweden">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Sweden" title="List of lakes of Sweden">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lands_of_Sweden" title="Lands of Sweden">Lands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_areas_in_Sweden" title="List of metropolitan areas in Sweden">Metropolitan areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Sweden" title="List of national parks of Sweden">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Sweden" title="Provinces of Sweden">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Sweden" title="List of rivers of Sweden">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Sweden" title="Wildlife of Sweden">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Sweden" title="Politics of Sweden">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Sweden" title="Administrative divisions of Sweden">Administrative division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of Sweden">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Sweden" title="Elections in Sweden">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Sweden" title="Foreign relations of Sweden">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Sweden" title="Human rights in Sweden">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Sweden">LGBT rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Sweden" title="Government of Sweden">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_agencies_in_Sweden" title="Government agencies in Sweden">State agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Sweden" title="Judiciary of Sweden">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Sweden" title="Law of Sweden">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Sweden" title="Law enforcement in Sweden">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riksdag" title="Riksdag">Legislature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Armed_Forces" title="Swedish Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Sweden" title="Monarchy of Sweden">Monarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_neutrality" title="Swedish neutrality">Neutrality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Sweden" title="List of political parties in Sweden">Political parties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sweden" title="Economy of Sweden">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Sweden" title="Agriculture in Sweden">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Sweden" title="Automotive industry in Sweden">Automotive industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Sweden" title="Energy in Sweden">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Income_inequality_in_Sweden" title="Income inequality in Sweden">Income inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_krona" title="Swedish krona">Krona <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_labour_movement" title="Swedish labour movement">Labour unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_model" title="Nordic model">Nordic model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehn%E2%80%93Meidner_model" title="Rehn–Meidner model">Rehn–Meidner model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasdaq_Stockholm" title="Nasdaq Stockholm">Stock exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Sweden" title="Taxation in Sweden">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Sweden" title="Telecommunications in Sweden">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Sweden" title="Transport in Sweden">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Sweden" title="Tourism in Sweden">Tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Sweden" title="Category:Society of Sweden">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Sweden" title="Abortion in Sweden">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Sweden" title="Censorship in Sweden">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Sweden" title="Crime in Sweden">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Sweden" title="Demographics of Sweden">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Sweden" title="Education in Sweden">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_care_in_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Health care in Sweden">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Sweden" title="Homelessness in Sweden">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Sweden" title="Human trafficking in Sweden">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Sweden" title="Immigration to Sweden">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Sweden" title="Languages of Sweden">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Swedish_counties_by_life_expectancy" title="List of Swedish counties by life expectancy">Life expectancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedes" title="Swedes">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Sweden" title="Prostitution in Sweden">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_in_Sweden" title="Welfare in Sweden">Welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Sweden" title="Women in Sweden">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Sweden" title="Culture of Sweden">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Du_gamla,_du_fria" title="Du gamla, du fria">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Sweden" title="Architecture of Sweden">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_art" title="Swedish art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Sweden" title="Cinema of Sweden">Cinema</a></li> <li><a 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