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stroke="currentColor"></path><path d="M31.9 20.8L21 9" stroke="currentColor"></path><path d="M1 20.5L11.8 9" stroke="currentColor"></path><mask id="path-4-inside-1" fill="white"><path d="M0.600098 0.700012L16.6001 13.4L32.4001 0.900012"></path></mask><path d="M16.6001 13.4L15.9784 14.1833L16.5991 14.6759L17.2205 14.1843L16.6001 13.4ZM-0.0216079 1.48326L15.9784 14.1833L17.2218 12.6168L1.2218 -0.0832389L-0.0216079 1.48326ZM17.2205 14.1843L33.0205 1.68426L31.7797 0.115765L15.9796 12.6158L17.2205 14.1843Z" fill="currentColor" mask="url(#path-4-inside-1)"></path></svg></div><span class="text-base leading-4" data-testid="email-alerts-link">Email alerts</span></div></a></div><main><div><section class="whitespace-pre-wrap pb-12 [&_p]:mb-4"><div class="jnnp-milestones"><div class="m-0 mx-auto w-full min-w-0 max-w-[77rem] px-4"><h1 data-testid="sections-page-title" class="mb-5">JNNP Milestones in Neurology</h1><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-transparent" data-testid="sections-container-0"><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[33.33%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[66.67%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" class="alignnone wp-image-4553" src="/jnnp/wp-content/uploads/sites/56/2023/04/JNNP100.jpg" alt="" width="194" height="165"></div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">In 2020, JNNP reached a significant milestone — 100 continuous years of publishing the innovations, medical breakthroughs and trailblazing studies that have made it the go-to journal across the clinical neurosciences. Unlike other journals that increasingly narrow their focus, JNNP continues to be liberal in its coverage across the clinical neurosciences. To mark this prodigious century, JNNP asked its readers to choose the most important or transformative development in neurology, neurosurgery or psychiatry in the past 100 years. The winning milestone was announced in Nov 2021 at a virtual celebratory event. Throughout this year we will present these top ten milestones as voted by our readers, focusing on one a month and highlighting the impact that each of these breakthroughs has had in clinical neuroscience since 1920. We invite you to join us as we commemorate this special anniversary and celebrate a remarkable century of neuroscientific achievement.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-1"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">JNNP’s Top 10 Milestones</h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><div class='youtube-embed-container'><iframe title='JNNP - Top 10 pieces of neurological research in the last 100 years' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/PQl5LkrnyT8' frameborder='0' allowfullscreen></iframe></div></div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">"With discovery, comes further understanding about the triggers to disease, and an appreciation of factors that underly maintenance of brain and mental health. And with such progress, further frontiers that previously seemed impossible, will be realised, from the brain-computer interface through to a regenerating brain". <strong>– Professor Matthew Kiernan, former Editor-in-Chief of JNNP</strong> </div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-2"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Milestone of the month</h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Neurotransmission: The discovery of ion channels and the electrical properties of axons</strong> Presented by: Professor Matthew Kiernan The fundamental concept that governs the entirety of neuroscience relates to neurotransmission. Neural transmission involving myelinated axons of the human nervous system occurs by means of salutatory conduction, with action potentials advancing between successive nodes of Ranvier. The discovery of ion channels and an understanding of the electrical properties of nerves owes the greatest debt to Hodgkin and Huxley, who synthesised many years of their groundbreaking research dating back to 1938, to create their 1952 classic citation (Hodgkin and Huxley, 1952). On the basis of this landmark manuscript, Hodgkin and Huxley shared the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1963. The understanding of impulse conduction has spawned developments across all fields of neuroscience, accelerating the clinical neurosciences into a therapeutic era.</div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><img class=" wp-image-4552" src="/jnnp/wp-content/uploads/sites/56/2023/04/ions.jpg" alt="" width="446" height="297" /> <strong>Further reading …</strong> Impactful articles from JNNP related to the discovery of ion channels and the electrical properties of axons <ul> <li><a href="/content/70/1/56" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Excitability properties of motor axons in patients with spontaneous motor unit activity</a></li> <li><a href="/content/74/11/1466" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Nanotechnology for neuronal ion channels</a></li> <li><a href="/content/87/1/37" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Genetic neurological channelopathies: molecular genetics and clinical phenotypes</a></li> <li><a href="/content/87/11/1242" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Emerging psychiatric syndromes associated with antivoltage-gated potassium channel complex antibodies</a></li> <li><a href="/content/91/7/764" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of hemiplegic migraine</a></li> </ul> </div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-3"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Previous Month's Milestones</h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><a href="/pages/jnnp-milestones-list/#no_1_brain_imaging" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>No.1 – Brain Imaging: The development and application of imaging techniques</strong></a> <a href="/pages/jnnp-milestones-list/#no_2_stroke" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>No.2 – Stroke: Introduction of thrombolysis and endovascular recanalisation therapy</strong></a> <a href="/pages/jnnp-milestones-list/#no_3_parkinsons_disease" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>No.3 – Parkinson’s Disease: The efficacy of L-Dopa therapy</strong></a></div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-4"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Related Content</h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Featured Collections</strong> A series of articles published throughout 2020 for JNNP’s centenary</div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><ul> <li><a href="/pages/collections/2020_hindsight/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2020 Hindsights</a></li> <li><a href="/pages/collections/2020_vision/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2020 Vision</a></li> </ul></div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-1"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Editorials</strong> Opinion papers by JNNP’s Editor-in-Chief on it centenary</div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><ul> <li><a href="/content/90/11/1189" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Milestones</a></li> <li><a href="/content/91/7/677" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry centenary milestone award 2020</a></li> </ul></div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-2"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Press Releases</strong> Announcements released by BMJ’s Newsroom</div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><ul> <li><a href="https://www.bmj.com/company/newsroom/brain-imaging-techniques-top-poll-of-key-milestones-in-a-century-of-neurology/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Brain imaging techniques top poll of key milestones in a century of neurology</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.bmj.com/company/newsroom/voting-begins-for-greatest-neuroscience-breakthrough-of-past-100-years/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Voting begins for greatest neuroscience breakthrough of past 100 years</a></li> </ul></div></div></div></div></div></section></div></main></div></div><footer><div class="bg-bmj-primary-brand text-bmj-white m-0 mx-auto flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col px-4 md:flex-row"><div data-testid="footer-content" class="md:border-b-none [&:last-child]:border-b-none m-0 ml-auto mr-auto w-full min-w-0 border-b-[1px] 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Unlike other journals that increasingly narrow their focus, JNNP continues to be liberal in its coverage across the clinical neurosciences.\r\n\r\nTo mark this prodigious century, JNNP asked its readers to choose the most important or transformative development in neurology, neurosurgery or psychiatry in the past 100 years. The winning milestone was announced in Nov 2021 at a virtual celebratory event. Throughout this year we will present these top ten milestones as voted by our readers, focusing on one a month and highlighting the impact that each of these breakthroughs has had in clinical neuroscience since 1920.\r\n\r\nWe invite you to join us as we commemorate this special anniversary and celebrate a remarkable century of neuroscientific achievement."],"layoutType":"D"}]},{"sectionTitle":"JNNP’s Top 10 Milestones","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["\u003cdiv class='youtube-embed-container'\u003e\u003ciframe title='JNNP - Top 10 pieces of neurological research in the last 100 years' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/PQl5LkrnyT8' frameborder='0' allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\u003c/div\u003e","\"With discovery, comes further understanding about the triggers to disease, and an appreciation of factors that underly maintenance of brain and mental health. And with such progress, further frontiers that previously seemed impossible, will be realised, from the brain-computer interface through to a regenerating brain\".\r\n\u003cstrong\u003e– Professor Matthew Kiernan, former Editor-in-Chief of JNNP\u003c/strong\u003e\r\n"],"layoutType":"B"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Milestone of the month","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eNeurotransmission: The discovery of ion channels and the electrical properties of axons\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nPresented by: Professor Matthew Kiernan\r\n\r\nThe fundamental concept that governs the entirety of neuroscience relates to neurotransmission. Neural transmission involving myelinated axons of the human nervous system occurs by means of salutatory conduction, with action potentials advancing between successive nodes of Ranvier. The discovery of ion channels and an understanding of the electrical properties of nerves owes the greatest debt to Hodgkin and Huxley, who synthesised many years of their groundbreaking research dating back to 1938, to create their 1952 classic citation (Hodgkin and Huxley, 1952).\r\n\r\nOn the basis of this landmark manuscript, Hodgkin and Huxley shared the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1963. The understanding of impulse conduction has spawned developments across all fields of neuroscience, accelerating the clinical neurosciences into a therapeutic era.","\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-4552\" src=\"/jnnp/wp-content/uploads/sites/56/2023/04/ions.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"446\" height=\"297\" /\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cstrong\u003eFurther reading …\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nImpactful articles from JNNP related to the discovery of ion channels and the electrical properties of axons\r\n\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/70/1/56\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003eExcitability properties of motor axons in patients with spontaneous motor unit activity\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/74/11/1466\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003eNanotechnology for neuronal ion channels\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/87/1/37\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003eGenetic neurological channelopathies: molecular genetics and clinical phenotypes\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/87/11/1242\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003eEmerging psychiatric syndromes associated with antivoltage-gated potassium channel complex antibodies\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/91/7/764\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003eDiagnostic and therapeutic aspects of hemiplegic migraine\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\r\n"],"layoutType":"B"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Previous Month's Milestones","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["\u003ca href=\"/pages/jnnp-milestones-list/#no_1_brain_imaging\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNo.1 – Brain Imaging: The development and application of imaging techniques\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003ca href=\"/pages/jnnp-milestones-list/#no_2_stroke\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNo.2 – Stroke: Introduction of thrombolysis and endovascular recanalisation therapy\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003ca href=\"/pages/jnnp-milestones-list/#no_3_parkinsons_disease\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNo.3 – Parkinson’s Disease: The efficacy of L-Dopa therapy\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/a\u003e"],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Related Content","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eFeatured Collections\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nA series of articles published throughout 2020 for JNNP’s centenary","\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"/pages/collections/2020_hindsight/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003e2020 Hindsights\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"/pages/collections/2020_vision/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003e2020 Vision\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e"],"layoutType":"B"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eEditorials\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nOpinion papers by JNNP’s Editor-in-Chief on it centenary","\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/90/11/1189\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003eMilestones\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/91/7/677\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003eThe Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry centenary milestone award 2020\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e"],"layoutType":"B"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003ePress Releases\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nAnnouncements released by BMJ’s Newsroom","\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.bmj.com/company/newsroom/brain-imaging-techniques-top-poll-of-key-milestones-in-a-century-of-neurology/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003eBrain imaging techniques top poll of key milestones in a century of neurology\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.bmj.com/company/newsroom/voting-begins-for-greatest-neuroscience-breakthrough-of-past-100-years/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003eVoting begins for greatest neuroscience breakthrough of past 100 years\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e"],"layoutType":"B"}]}],"seoMetadata":[{"key":"title","property":"title","content":"JNNP Milestones in Neurology | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry (JNNP)"},{"key":"robots","property":"robots","content":"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1"},{"key":"canonical","property":"canonical","content":"https://jnnp.bmj.com/pages/jnnp-milestones"},{"key":"og_locale","property":"og:locale","content":"en_US"},{"key":"og_type","property":"og:type","content":"article"},{"key":"og_title","property":"og:title","content":"JNNP Milestones in Neurology | Journal of 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