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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Founding_and_expansion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Founding_and_expansion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Founding and expansion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Founding_and_expansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>19th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>21st century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Central_Library" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Central_Library"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Central Library</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Central_Library-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Central Library subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Central_Library-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-McKim_building" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#McKim_building"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>McKim building</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-McKim_building-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Johnson_building" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Johnson_building"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Johnson building</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Johnson_building-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Current services</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Current_services-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Current services subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Current_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Public_programs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_programs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Public programs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_programs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Computers_and_Internet_access" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Computers_and_Internet_access"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Computers and Internet access</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Computers_and_Internet_access-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Digital_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Digital_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Digital services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Digital_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_databases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_databases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>List of databases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_databases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Digital_partners" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Digital_partners"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Digital partners</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Digital_partners-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Branch_library_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Branch_library_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Branch library system</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Branch_library_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Boston Public Library</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A9" title="مكتبة بوسطن العامة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مكتبة بوسطن العامة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_P%C3%BAblica_de_Boston" title="Biblioteca Pública de Boston – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Biblioteca Pública de Boston" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D2%A1_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Бостон асыҡ китапханаһы – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Бостон асыҡ китапханаһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Бостанская публічная бібліятэка – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Бостанская публічная бібліятэка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_Public_Library" title="Boston Public Library – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Boston Public Library" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%B8%CE%AE%CE%BA%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%92%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%84%CF%8E%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Δημόσια βιβλιοθήκη της Βοστώνης – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δημόσια βιβλιοθήκη της Βοστώνης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_P%C3%BAblica_de_Boston" title="Biblioteca Pública de Boston – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Biblioteca Pública de Boston" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bostona_Publika_Biblioteko" title="Bostona Publika Biblioteko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Bostona Publika Biblioteko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="کتابخانه عمومی بوستون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کتابخانه عمومی بوستون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_publique_de_Boston" title="Bibliothèque publique de Boston – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bibliothèque publique de Boston" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%EC%8A%A4%ED%84%B4_%EA%B3%B5%EA%B3%B5%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C%EA%B4%80" title="보스턴 공공도서관 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="보스턴 공공도서관" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Բոստոնի հանրային գրադարան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բոստոնի հանրային գրադարան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_Public_Library" title="Boston Public Library – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Boston Public Library" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F" title="הספרייה הציבורית של בוסטון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הספרייה הציבורית של בוסטון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%AF%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ბოსტონის საჯარო ბიბლიოთეკა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბოსტონის საჯარო ბიბლიოთეკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliotheca_Publica_Bostoniensis" title="Bibliotheca Publica Bostoniensis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Bibliotheca Publica Bostoniensis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BA_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF" title="ബോസ്റ്റൺ പബ്ലിക് ലൈബ്രറി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബോസ്റ്റൺ പബ്ലിക് ലൈബ്രറി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9C%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%B3%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%9B%B3%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8" title="ボストン公共図書館 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ボストン公共図書館" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_Public_Library" title="Boston Public Library – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Boston Public Library" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" title="ਬੋਸਟਨ ਪਬਲਿਕ ਲਾਇਬ੍ਰੇਰੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬੋਸਟਨ ਪਬਲਿਕ ਲਾਇਬ੍ਰੇਰੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Бостонская публичная библиотека – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бостонская публичная библиотека" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_Public_Library" title="Boston Public Library – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Boston Public Library" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bostonin_kaupunginkirjasto" title="Bostonin kaupunginkirjasto – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Bostonin kaupunginkirjasto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_Halk_K%C3%BCt%C3%BCphanesi" title="Boston Halk Kütüphanesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Boston Halk Kütüphanesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Бостонська публічна бібліотека – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бостонська публічна бібліотека" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulod-Barasahan_Publiko_han_Boston" title="Sulod-Barasahan Publiko han Boston – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sulod-Barasahan Publiko han Boston" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E9%A1%BF%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" title="波士顿公共图书馆 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="波士顿公共图书馆" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q894583#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Boston_Public_Library&params=42_20_57.55_N_71_4_41.78_W_type:landmark_region:US"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°20′57.55″N</span> <span class="longitude">71°4′41.78″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.3493194°N 71.0782722°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.3493194; -71.0782722</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Library in Massachusetts, US</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ededed;">Boston Public Library</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Boston_Public_Library.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The Seal of the Trustees of the Boston Public Library, as designed by Augustus Saint-Gaudens" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Seal_of_the_Boston_Public_Library.svg/125px-Seal_of_the_Boston_Public_Library.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Seal_of_the_Boston_Public_Library.svg/188px-Seal_of_the_Boston_Public_Library.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Seal_of_the_Boston_Public_Library.svg/250px-Seal_of_the_Boston_Public_Library.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="204" data-file-height="201" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Boston_Public_Library_logo_(2018).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/76/Boston_Public_Library_logo_%282018%29.png/200px-Boston_Public_Library_logo_%282018%29.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/76/Boston_Public_Library_logo_%282018%29.png/300px-Boston_Public_Library_logo_%282018%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/76/Boston_Public_Library_logo_%282018%29.png/400px-Boston_Public_Library_logo_%282018%29.png 2x" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="120" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><b>Motto</b>: <i>Omnium Lux Civium</i> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>)</small><br />"The Light of All People"</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="14" data-overlays="["_24814a26c4141df98113838d1ad70a6c81f3c60f"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,14,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Boston_Public_Library&revid=1255035864&groups=_24814a26c4141df98113838d1ad70a6c81f3c60f" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,14,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Boston_Public_Library&revid=1255035864&groups=_24814a26c4141df98113838d1ad70a6c81f3c60f 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Boston_Public_Library&params=42_20_57.55_N_71_4_41.78_W_type:landmark_region:US"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°20′57.55″N</span> <span class="longitude">71°4′41.78″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.3493194°N 71.0782722°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.3493194; -71.0782722</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, US</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data label">Public</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1848</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Branches</th><td class="infobox-data">24</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background: #ededed;">Collection</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">24,079,520</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background: #ededed;">Access and use</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Circulation</th><td class="infobox-data">3.69 million (FY 2013)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population served</th><td class="infobox-data">6,547,629</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background: #ededed;">Other information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data">$31.2 million, plus $8.2 million from trust fund (2013)<sup id="cite_ref-summaryb_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-summaryb-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Director</th><td class="infobox-data">David Leonard, President<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Robert E. Gallery, Chairman of the Board<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Boston_Library_Consortium" title="Boston Library Consortium">Boston Library Consortium</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bpl.org/">bpl.org</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:USA-Boston-Public_Library5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/USA-Boston-Public_Library5.jpg/220px-USA-Boston-Public_Library5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/USA-Boston-Public_Library5.jpg/330px-USA-Boston-Public_Library5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/USA-Boston-Public_Library5.jpg/440px-USA-Boston-Public_Library5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>The Chavannes Gallery at the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Library,_McKim_Building" title="Boston Public Library, McKim Building">McKim Building</a> with murals painted by <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Puvis_de_Chavannes" title="Pierre Puvis de Chavannes">Pierre Puvis de Chavannes</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Boston Public Library</b> is a municipal public <a href="/wiki/Library_system" title="Library system">library system</a> in <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, founded in 1848.<sup id="cite_ref-WiegandDavis1994_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WiegandDavis1994-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Boston Public Library is also Massachusetts' Library for the Commonwealth<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (formerly <i>library of last recourse</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> meaning all adult residents of the state are entitled to borrowing and research privileges, and the library receives state funding. The Boston Public Library contains approximately 24 million items,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> making it the third-largest public library in the United States behind the federal <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library" title="New York Public Library">New York Public Library</a>, which is also privately endowed. This building was designated as a <a href="/wiki/Boston_Landmark" title="Boston Landmark">Boston Landmark</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Landmarks_Commission" title="Boston Landmarks Commission">Boston Landmarks Commission</a> in 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Boston Public Library has a collection of more than 23.7 million items, which makes it one of the largest municipal public library systems in the United States. The vast majority of the collection—over 22.7 million volumes—is held in the Central Branch research stacks.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between July 2012 and June 2013, the annual circulation of the BPL was 3.69 million.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because of the strength and importance of its research collection, the Boston Public Library is a member of the Association of Research Libraries (ARL), a not-for-profit organization comprising the research libraries of North America. The <a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library" title="New York Public Library">New York Public Library</a> is the only other public library that is a member of the ARL, and it also has a private endowment. The library has established collections of distinction, based on the collection's depth and breadth, including subjects such as Boston history, the Civil War, Irish history, etc. In addition, the library is both a federal and state depository of government documents. </p><p>Included in the BPL's research collection are more than 1.7 million rare books and manuscripts. It possesses wide-ranging and important holdings, including medieval manuscripts and <a href="/wiki/Incunabula" class="mw-redirect" title="Incunabula">incunabula</a>, early editions of <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a> (among which are a number of Shakespeare quartos and the <a href="/wiki/First_Folio" title="First Folio">First Folio</a>), the <a href="/wiki/George_Ticknor" title="George Ticknor">George Ticknor</a> collection of Spanish literature, a major collection of <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Defoe" title="Daniel Defoe">Daniel Defoe</a>, records of colonial Boston, the personal 3,800 volume library of <a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">John Adams</a>, the mathematical and astronomical library of <a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Bowditch" title="Nathaniel Bowditch">Nathaniel Bowditch</a>, important manuscript archives on <a href="/wiki/Abolitionism_in_the_United_States" title="Abolitionism in the United States">abolitionism</a>, including the papers of <a href="/wiki/William_Lloyd_Garrison" title="William Lloyd Garrison">William Lloyd Garrison</a>, and a major collection of materials on the <a href="/wiki/Sacco_and_Vanzetti" title="Sacco and Vanzetti">Sacco and Vanzetti</a> case. There are large collections of prints, photographs, postcards, and maps. The library, for example, holds one of the major collections of watercolors and drawings by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rowlandson" title="Thomas Rowlandson">Thomas Rowlandson</a>. The library has a special strength in music, and holds the archives of the <a href="/wiki/Handel_and_Haydn_Society" title="Handel and Haydn Society">Handel and Haydn Society</a>, scores from the estate of <a href="/wiki/Serge_Koussevitzky" title="Serge Koussevitzky">Serge Koussevitzky</a>, and the papers of and grand piano belonging to the important American composer <a href="/wiki/Walter_Piston" title="Walter Piston">Walter Piston</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For all these reasons, the historian <a href="/wiki/David_McCullough" title="David McCullough">David McCullough</a> has described the Boston Public Library as one of the five most important libraries in the United States, the others being the federal <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>, the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library" title="New York Public Library">New York Public Library</a>, and the university libraries of <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Harvard University Library">Harvard</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yale_University_Library" title="Yale University Library">Yale</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Founding_and_expansion">Founding and expansion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Founding and expansion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Ticknor,_by_Martin_Milmore,_Boston_Public_Library.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/George_Ticknor%2C_by_Martin_Milmore%2C_Boston_Public_Library.jpg/220px-George_Ticknor%2C_by_Martin_Milmore%2C_Boston_Public_Library.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/George_Ticknor%2C_by_Martin_Milmore%2C_Boston_Public_Library.jpg/330px-George_Ticknor%2C_by_Martin_Milmore%2C_Boston_Public_Library.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/George_Ticknor%2C_by_Martin_Milmore%2C_Boston_Public_Library.jpg/440px-George_Ticknor%2C_by_Martin_Milmore%2C_Boston_Public_Library.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Bust of <a href="/wiki/George_Ticknor" title="George Ticknor">George Ticknor</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2350781505_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/2350781505_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg/220px-2350781505_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/2350781505_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg/330px-2350781505_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/2350781505_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg/440px-2350781505_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="564" data-file-height="622" /></a><figcaption>The Boston Public Library on Boylston Street, which was open between 1858 and 1895 and was demolished 1899</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Reading_Room_of_the_Boston_Public_Library.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Reading_Room_of_the_Boston_Public_Library.jpg/220px-Reading_Room_of_the_Boston_Public_Library.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Reading_Room_of_the_Boston_Public_Library.jpg/330px-Reading_Room_of_the_Boston_Public_Library.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Reading_Room_of_the_Boston_Public_Library.jpg/440px-Reading_Room_of_the_Boston_Public_Library.jpg 2x" data-file-width="846" data-file-height="627" /></a><figcaption>The library's reading room in 1871 at the first Boylston Street building</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th_century">19th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the mid-19th century, several people were instrumental in the establishment of the Boston Public Library. <a href="/wiki/George_Ticknor" title="George Ticknor">George Ticknor</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> professor and trustee of the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Athenaeum" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Athenaeum">Boston Athenaeum</a>, proposed establishing a <a href="/wiki/Public_library" title="Public library">public library</a> in Boston beginning as early as 1826. At the time, Ticknor could not generate enough interest. </p><p>In 1839, <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Vattemare" title="Alexandre Vattemare">Alexandre Vattemare</a>, a French philanthropist, suggested that all of Boston's libraries combine into one institution for the benefit of the public.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The idea was presented to many Boston libraries, however, most were uninterested in the idea. At Vattemare's urging, Paris sent gifts of books in 1843 and 1847 to assist in establishing a unified public library. Vattemare made yet another gift of books in 1849. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Quincy_Jr." title="Josiah Quincy Jr.">Josiah Quincy Jr.</a> anonymously donated $5,000 to begin funding a new library. Quincy made the donation while he was <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Boston" title="Mayor of Boston">mayor of Boston</a>. Indirectly, <a href="/wiki/John_Jacob_Astor" title="John Jacob Astor">John Jacob Astor</a>, businessman and philanthropist, also influenced the establishment of a public library in Boston. At the time of his death, Astor bequeathed $400,000 to New York to establish a public library there. Because of the cultural and economic rivalry between Boston and New York, this bequest prompted more discussion of establishing a public library in Boston.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1848, a statute of the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_General_Court" title="Massachusetts General Court">Great and General Court of Massachusetts</a> enabled the creation of the library. The library was officially established in Boston by a city ordinance in 1852.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mayor <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Seaver" title="Benjamin Seaver">Benjamin Seaver</a> recommended to the city council that a librarian be appointed. In May 1852 the city council adopted the recommendations of the mayor and Edward Capen was chosen to become Boston Public Library's first librarian.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eager to support the library, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Everett" title="Edward Everett">Edward Everett</a> collected documents from both houses of <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Congress</a>, bound them at his own expense, and offered this collection to help establish the new library. At the time of Everett's donation, <a href="/wiki/George_Ticknor" title="George Ticknor">George Ticknor</a> became involved in the active planning for the new library.<sup id="cite_ref-McCrann_2005_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCrann_2005-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1852, financier <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Bates_(financier)" title="Joshua Bates (financier)">Joshua Bates</a> gave a gift of $50,000 to establish a library in Boston. After Bates' gift was received, Ticknor made lists of what books to purchase. He traveled extensively to purchase books for the library, visit other libraries, and set up book agencies.<sup id="cite_ref-McCrann_2005_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCrann_2005-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To house the collection, a former schoolhouse located on Mason Street was selected as the library's first home. On March 20, 1854, the Reading Room of the Boston Public Library officially opened to the public. The circulation department opened on May 2, 1854. </p><p>The opening day collection of 16,000 volumes fit in the Mason Street building, but it quickly became obvious that its quarters were inadequate. So in December 1854, the library's commissioners authorized the library to move to a new building on <a href="/wiki/Boylston_Street" title="Boylston Street">Boylston Street</a>. Designed by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Kirk_Kirby" title="Charles Kirk Kirby">Charles Kirk Kirby</a> to hold 240,000 volumes, the imposing <a href="/wiki/Italianate" class="mw-redirect" title="Italianate">Italianate</a> edifice opened in 1858. Eventually the library outgrew that building as well; in 1878, an examining committee recommended replacing it with a new one at another location. </p><p>In 1870, the library opened the East Boston branch, the first branch library in the United States. With the aim of increasing its reach throughout the city and providing services to residents everywhere, the library opened 21 more branches in Boston neighborhoods between 1872 and 1900.<sup id="cite_ref-BPL_-_History_and_Description_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BPL_-_History_and_Description-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 1880, the Massachusetts legislature authorized construction of an even grander library building. A site selected was in <a href="/wiki/Back_Bay_(Boston)" class="mw-redirect" title="Back Bay (Boston)">Back Bay</a> on <a href="/wiki/Copley_Square" title="Copley Square">Copley Square</a>, the prominent corner of Boylston Street and Dartmouth Street, opposite <a href="/wiki/H._H._Richardson" class="mw-redirect" title="H. H. Richardson">Richardson</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Church,_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Trinity Church, Boston">Trinity Church</a> and near the first <a href="/wiki/Boston_Museum_of_Fine_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Museum of Fine Arts">Boston Museum of Fine Arts</a>. After several years of debate over the selection of the architects and architectural style for the new library, in 1887 the prestigious <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a> firm of <a href="/wiki/McKim,_Mead,_and_White" class="mw-redirect" title="McKim, Mead, and White">McKim, Mead, and White</a> was chosen to design the new library. In 1888, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Follen_McKim" title="Charles Follen McKim">Charles Follen McKim</a> proposed a <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_architecture" title="Renaissance architecture">Renaissance style</a> design based on the <a href="/wiki/Sainte-Genevi%C3%A8ve_Library" title="Sainte-Geneviève Library">Bibliothèque Ste-Geneviève</a> in Paris. The trustees of the library approved, and construction commenced. The vast new reading room was called Bates Hall. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1972, the Johnson building opened at the central Copley Square location, adjacent to the McKim building. The addition was designed by American architect <a href="/wiki/Philip_Johnson" title="Philip Johnson">Philip Johnson</a>. In 1986, the National Park Service designated the McKim building as a <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BPL_-_History_and_Description_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BPL_-_History_and_Description-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 21st century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2006<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the Library has had staffing and funding levels for conservation below that of its peers: the BPL's staff of two full-time conservators is significantly less than the thirty-five employed at the New York Public Library. Many colonial records and John Adams manuscripts are brittle, decaying, and so in need of attention that the Library's acting Keeper of Rare Books and Manuscripts said that "they are falling apart."<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, the library completed a strategic plan, the BPL Compass, which featured eight community-identified "Principles for Excellence". The principles in the plan and all of the related outcomes were the result of a two-year community engagement process for which Boston Public Library received national recognition.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, the city of Boston spent 1.26% ($27,836,648) of its budget on the library, or $43.74 per person.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, the library unveiled its Collections of Distinction, an initial group of 18 collections that represent the most outstanding, expansive, and renowned of its holdings. Boston Public Library gives priority to Collections of Distinction with respect to public access, acquisition, digitization, preservation, and staff development.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In fall 2013, the city, in coordination with the library, began a renovation of the Central Library's Johnson building.<sup id="cite_ref-bpl.org_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bpl.org-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2015, the first phase of renovation opened on the Johnson building's second floor, including the new Children's Library, Teen Central, a community reading area, and the Adult Reference area. The renovated second floor cost a total of $18 million. The second phase of the Johnson building renovations opened in the summer 2016 and included the first floor, mezzanine, and exterior.<sup id="cite_ref-Cook_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017, the Boston Public Library received joint awards from both the <a href="/wiki/American_Institute_of_Architects" title="American Institute of Architects">American Institute of Architects</a> (AIA) and the <a href="/wiki/American_Library_Association" title="American Library Association">American Library Association</a> (ALA) for the Central Library Renovation of its Johnson Building, and for the East Boston Branch.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017, the library had 3,818,883 visitors to all locations; 4,933,786 items borrowed; and 9,839,461 visits to its website. The library also gained 82,911 new library card holders.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019, supporters of the library established a new philanthropic fund: The Fund for the Boston Public Library, announced by Mayor <a href="/wiki/Marty_Walsh" title="Marty Walsh">Marty Walsh</a>. It began with a $2.8 million investment by "Bank of America Charitable Foundation, Barr Foundation, The Boston Foundation, Liberty Mutual Foundation, State Street Foundation, Inc. and an anonymous donor." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Central_Library">Central Library</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Central Library"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Boston Central Library is located in <a href="/wiki/Copley_Square" title="Copley Square">Copley Square</a> in Boston's <a href="/wiki/Back_Bay,_Boston" title="Back Bay, Boston">Back Bay</a> neighborhood. The central library consists of the McKim Building and the Johnson Building, which are attached and interconnected with interior passageways. The central library as a whole with the two buildings combined contains 930,000 square feet (86,000 m<sup>2</sup>) of space and houses 21 million items in its collections as of 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-factsheet_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-factsheet-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="McKim_building">McKim building</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: McKim building"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Library,_McKim_Building" title="Boston Public Library, McKim Building">Boston Public Library, McKim Building</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_Boston_Public_Library_2_MA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="McKim Building on Boston's Copley Square in 2005" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/USA_Boston_Public_Library_2_MA.jpg/220px-USA_Boston_Public_Library_2_MA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/USA_Boston_Public_Library_2_MA.jpg/330px-USA_Boston_Public_Library_2_MA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/USA_Boston_Public_Library_2_MA.jpg/440px-USA_Boston_Public_Library_2_MA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>The Boston Public Library, McKim Building</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boston_Public_Library_Reading_Room.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Boston_Public_Library_Reading_Room.jpg/220px-Boston_Public_Library_Reading_Room.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Boston_Public_Library_Reading_Room.jpg/330px-Boston_Public_Library_Reading_Room.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Boston_Public_Library_Reading_Room.jpg/440px-Boston_Public_Library_Reading_Room.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3715" data-file-height="2670" /></a><figcaption>Bates Hall in the McKim Building in 2013</figcaption></figure> <p>The McKim building houses the BPL's research collection.<sup id="cite_ref-factsheet_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-factsheet-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Johnson_building">Johnson building</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Johnson building"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Johnson_building_bpl.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Johnson_building_bpl.jpg/220px-Johnson_building_bpl.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Johnson_building_bpl.jpg/330px-Johnson_building_bpl.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Johnson_building_bpl.jpg/440px-Johnson_building_bpl.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>The Johnson Building on Boylston Street near Boston's Copley Square in 2008</figcaption></figure> <p>Designed by <a href="/wiki/Philip_Johnson" title="Philip Johnson">Philip Johnson</a>, this late <a href="/wiki/Modernism" title="Modernism">modernist</a> addition, which predated <a href="/wiki/Postmodern_architecture" title="Postmodern architecture">postmodernist architecture</a>, was built in 1967–1971 and opened in 1972. The Johnson building reflects similar proportions, and is built of the same pink <a href="/wiki/Milford_granite_(Massachusetts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Milford granite (Massachusetts)">Milford granite</a> as the McKim building. </p><p>Upon opening, the Johnson building became the home for the Boston Public Library's main circulating collection, which includes works in many languages. It also serves as headquarters for the Boston Public Library's 24 branch libraries.<sup id="cite_ref-BPL_-_History_and_Description_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BPL_-_History_and_Description-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, the library began a major renovation project on the Johnson building. The first phase of the renovation opened in February 2015. The second phase included renovations to the building's first floor, mezzanine, and exterior, and opened in the summer 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-Cook_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The $78 million renovation includes a new business innovation center and business library, a radio broadcasting studio for <a href="/wiki/WGBH_(FM)" title="WGBH (FM)">WGBH (FM)</a>, a <a href="/wiki/3D_printing" title="3D printing">3D printer</a>, and a café.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_services">Current services</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Current services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_programs">Public programs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Public programs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Boston Public Library hosts thousands of free public programs each year, including Author Talks, Local and Family History lectures, the Lowell Lecture Series, Concerts in the Courtyard, and art and history exhibitions.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Boston Public Library also offers many daily events for children, teens, adults, and seniors, including story times, therapy dog story times,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> book discussions, film showings, ESL conversation groups, and research and technology classes.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Perille_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perille-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Computers_and_Internet_access">Computers and Internet access</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Computers and Internet access"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Boston Public Library offers desktop computers with pay-for-print services for public use and free <a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi" title="Wi-Fi">wireless internet</a> at the Central Library and all 24 branches for anyone who has a wireless-enabled mobile device and a library card. Plug-in <a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a> access is also available in the McKim building's Bates Hall and the Honan-Allston Branch's Adult Reading Room for up to 2 hours. Library-card holders can also borrow laptops for in-library use for 2 hours at any location.<sup id="cite_ref-Perille_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perille-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Digital_services">Digital services</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Digital services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The library offers a variety of digital services and collections. The online catalog, also available for mobile devices, allows users to browse and place holds on materials including books, audiobooks, DVDs, and CDs. Users can also download ebooks, e-audiobooks, music, and video through BPL's OverDrive site and check out Zinio magazines for the computer, tablet, or smartphone. Library card holders and e-card holders can also stream movies, television shows, music, and audiobooks through Hoopla Streaming Media.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many of the Boston Public Library's collections are available to the public online, including rare books and manuscripts, the anti-slavery manuscript collection, historical children's books, the John Adams Library, historic maps from the <a href="/wiki/Norman_B._Leventhal_Map_Center" title="Norman B. Leventhal Map Center">Norman B. Leventhal Map Center</a>, historical images, prints, and photographs, sound archives, and silent films.<sup id="cite_ref-Perille_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perille-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of the library's digitized works can be found either through the Boston Public Library Flickr page<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or through their collections on the Digital Commonwealth.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_databases">List of databases</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: List of databases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of August 2017, the library arranges for its patrons access to digital content from several providers: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#ccffcc;width:50%">List of databases<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Title </th> <th>Parent company </th> <th>Subsidiary </th></tr> <tr> <td>17th & 18th Century Burney Collection Newspapers </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>18th Century Collections Online </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>19th Century Collections Online </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>19th Century US Newspapers </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Academic OneFile </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>American Doctoral Dissertations </td> <td><a href="/wiki/EBSCO_Industries" title="EBSCO Industries">EBSCO Industries</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>American Music </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Street_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Street Press">Alexander Street Press</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>AP Images </td> <td><a href="/wiki/EBSCO_Industries" title="EBSCO Industries">EBSCO Industries</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Archive Finder </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Information_Group" title="Cambridge Information Group">Cambridge Information Group</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Archives Unbound </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Art Full Text </td> <td><a href="/wiki/EBSCO_Industries" title="EBSCO Industries">EBSCO Industries</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Art Index Retrospective </td> <td><a href="/wiki/EBSCO_Industries" title="EBSCO Industries">EBSCO Industries</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Art Museum Image Gallery </td> <td><a href="/wiki/EBSCO_Industries" title="EBSCO Industries">EBSCO Industries</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Arts:Search </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Information_Group" title="Cambridge Information Group">Cambridge Information Group</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Asian American Drama </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Street_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Street Press">Alexander Street Press</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>AtoZdatabases </td> <td>DatabaseUSA.com<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Audio Drama: The L.A. Theatre Works Collection </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Street_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Street Press">Alexander Street Press</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Avery_Index_to_Architectural_Periodicals" class="mw-redirect" title="Avery Index to Architectural Periodicals">Avery Index to Architectural Periodicals</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/EBSCO_Industries" title="EBSCO Industries">EBSCO Industries</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Biography_and_Genealogy_Master_Index" title="Biography and Genealogy Master Index">Biography and Genealogy Master Index</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Biography in Context </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Black Drama, Second Edition </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Street_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Street Press">Alexander Street Press</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Boston_Globe" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Globe">Boston Globe</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Information_Group" title="Cambridge Information Group">Cambridge Information Group</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Boston_Herald" title="Boston Herald">Boston Herald</a>, 2004-2011 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Britannica Learning Zone </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Inc." title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.">Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Britannica Library </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Inc." title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.">Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Britannica School Edition </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Inc." title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.">Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Britannica Spanish Reference Center </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Inc." title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.">Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>British Library Newspapers </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>British Literary Manuscripts Online </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Business & Industry </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Business and Management Practices </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Business Collection </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Career Transitions </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Children's Reference </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Classical Music Library </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Street_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Street Press">Alexander Street Press</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Classical Scores Library </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Street_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Street Press">Alexander Street Press</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Congressional </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Information_Group" title="Cambridge Information Group">Cambridge Information Group</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Contemporary World Music </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Street_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Street Press">Alexander Street Press</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Credo Reference </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Credo_Reference_Ltd." class="mw-redirect" title="Credo Reference Ltd.">Credo Reference Ltd.</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Criminal Justice Collection </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Culinary Arts Collection </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dance in Video </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Street_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Street Press">Alexander Street Press</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>DemographicsNow: Business and People </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Economist Historical Archive </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Educator's Reference Complete </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Environmental Studies and Policy Collection </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Expanded Academic ASAP </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a> Historical Archive </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gale Courses </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gale Directory Library </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gale Newsvault </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gale Virtual Reference Library </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gardening, Landscape, and Horticulture Collection </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Garland Encyclopedia of World Music Online </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Street_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Street Press">Alexander Street Press</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>General OneFile </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Global Issues In Context </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Health & Wellness Resource Center </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Health Reference Center Academic </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>HeritageQuest Online </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Information_Group" title="Cambridge Information Group">Cambridge Information Group</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hoopla_(digital_media_service)" title="Hoopla (digital media service)">Hoopla</a> Streaming Media </td> <td>Midwest Tape, LLC<sup id="cite_ref-spending2017_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spending2017-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hospitality, Tourism, and Leisure Collection </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Index to Early American Periodicals </td> <td>Computer Indexed Systems<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Index to English Literary Periodicals </td> <td>Computer Indexed Systems </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Infotrac" class="mw-redirect" title="Infotrac">Infotrac</a> Junior Edition </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Infotrac" class="mw-redirect" title="Infotrac">Infotrac</a> Newsstand </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Infotrac" class="mw-redirect" title="Infotrac">Infotrac</a> Student Edition </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Irish_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Times">Irish Times</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Information_Group" title="Cambridge Information Group">Cambridge Information Group</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Jazz Music Library </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Street_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Street Press">Alexander Street Press</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Advocate" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish Advocate">Jewish Advocate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Information_Group" title="Cambridge Information Group">Cambridge Information Group</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ithaka_Harbors" title="Ithaka Harbors">Ithaka Harbors</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kids InfoBits </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Latino Literature </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Street_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Street Press">Alexander Street Press</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>LearningExpress Library </td> <td><a href="/wiki/EBSCO_Industries" title="EBSCO Industries">EBSCO Industries</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Library,_Information_Science_%26_Technology_Abstracts" class="mw-redirect" title="Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts">Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/EBSCO_Industries" title="EBSCO Industries">EBSCO Industries</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Listener_(magazine)" title="The Listener (magazine)">Listener</a> History Archive </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Literature Criticism Online </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Literature Resource Center </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Little Pim </td> <td>Creative Empire, LLC </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mango_Languages" title="Mango Languages">Mango Languages</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lynda.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Lynda.com">Lynda.com</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Corporation">Microsoft Corporation</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Making of the Modern World </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mango_Languages" title="Mango Languages">Mango Languages</a> </td> <td>Creative Empire, LLC </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Massachusetts Driving Permit Practice Tests </td> <td>Elegant E-Learning, Inc </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Driving-Tests.org&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Driving-Tests.org (page does not exist)">Driving-Tests.org</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mergent Archives - Historical Annual Report Collection </td> <td><a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange_Group" title="London Stock Exchange Group">London Stock Exchange Group</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mergent,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Mergent, Inc.">Mergent, Inc.</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mergent EventsData </td> <td><a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange_Group" title="London Stock Exchange Group">London Stock Exchange Group</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mergent,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Mergent, Inc.">Mergent, Inc.</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mergent Intellect </td> <td><a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange_Group" title="London Stock Exchange Group">London Stock Exchange Group</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mergent,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Mergent, Inc.">Mergent, Inc.</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mergent Online </td> <td><a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange_Group" title="London Stock Exchange Group">London Stock Exchange Group</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mergent,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Mergent, Inc.">Mergent, Inc.</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/MLA_International_Bibliography" class="mw-redirect" title="MLA International Bibliography">Modern Language Association (MLA) International</a> Bibliography </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Morningstar Investment Research Center </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Morningstar,_Inc." title="Morningstar, Inc.">Morningstar, Inc.</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Music & Performing Arts </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Street_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Street Press">Alexander Street Press</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_Society" title="National Geographic Society">National Geographic</a> Virtual Library </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> (1851-2013) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Information_Group" title="Cambridge Information Group">Cambridge Information Group</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>The New York Times</i> (1985–Present) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Newspaper Archive </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Heritage_Microfilm,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Heritage Microfilm, Inc.">Heritage Microfilm, Inc.</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>North American Indian Drama </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Street_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Street Press">Alexander Street Press</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>North American Women's Drama </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Street_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Street Press">Alexander Street Press</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>NoveList K-8 Plus </td> <td><a href="/wiki/EBSCO_Industries" title="EBSCO Industries">EBSCO Industries</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>NoveList Plus </td> <td><a href="/wiki/EBSCO_Industries" title="EBSCO Industries">EBSCO Industries</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nursing & Allied Health Collection </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>OmniFile Full Text Select </td> <td><a href="/wiki/EBSCO_Industries" title="EBSCO Industries">EBSCO Industries</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Opera in Video </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Street_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Street Press">Alexander Street Press</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/OverDrive,_Inc." title="OverDrive, Inc.">OverDrive</a> eBooks, Audio Books, and Music </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rakuten,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Rakuten, Inc.">Rakuten, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/OverDrive,_Inc." title="OverDrive, Inc.">OverDrive, Inc.</a><sup id="cite_ref-spending2017_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spending2017-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Art_Online" title="Oxford Art Online">Oxford Art Online</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Music_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford Music Online">Oxford Music Online</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine Collection </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Popular Music Library </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Street_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Street Press">Alexander Street Press</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/PressReader" title="PressReader">PressReader</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/NewspaperDirect_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="NewspaperDirect Inc.">NewspaperDirect Inc.</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Primary Sources </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Readers' Guide Retrospective </td> <td><a href="/wiki/EBSCO_Industries" title="EBSCO Industries">EBSCO Industries</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/RISM_International_Inventory_of_Musical_Sources" class="mw-redirect" title="RISM International Inventory of Musical Sources">RISM International Inventory of Musical Sources</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/EBSCO_Industries" title="EBSCO Industries">EBSCO Industries</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sabin_Americana,_1500%E2%80%931926" class="mw-redirect" title="Sabin Americana, 1500–1926">Sabin Americana, 1500–1926</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Science in Context </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Slavery and Anti-Slavery </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Slavery in America and the World </td> <td>William S. Hein & Co., Inc. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/HeinOnline" title="HeinOnline">HeinOnline</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Small Business Collection </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Smithsonian Collections Online </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Global_Sound" class="mw-redirect" title="Smithsonian Global Sound">Smithsonian Global Sound</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Street_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Street Press">Alexander Street Press</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Statistical_Abstract_of_the_United_States" title="Statistical Abstract of the United States">Statistical Abstract of the U.S.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Information_Group" title="Cambridge Information Group">Cambridge Information Group</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Statistical Insight </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Information_Group" title="Cambridge Information Group">Cambridge Information Group</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Times" title="The Sunday Times">Sunday Times</a> (London) Digital Archive </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tablebase </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Theatre in Video </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Street_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Street Press">Alexander Street Press</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">Times</a> (London) Digital Archive </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Twentieth Century North American Drama </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Street_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Street Press">Alexander Street Press</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>US History in Context </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Value Line </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Value_Line,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Value Line, Inc.">Value Line, Inc.</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Vocations and Careers Collection </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>World History in Context </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning, Inc.">Cengage Learning, Inc.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Zinio Digital Magazines </td> <td>Zinio LLC </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Digital_partners">Digital partners</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Digital partners"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Boston Public Library has two digital partners-in-residence at the Central Library in Copley Square. The first is <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>, a nonprofit digital library that offers permanent access to historical collections in digital format for researchers, historians, and the general public. The <a href="/wiki/Digital_Public_Library_of_America" title="Digital Public Library of America">Digital Public Library of America</a> provides access to digital content from American libraries, archives, museums, and historical societies.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Branch_library_system">Branch library system</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Branch library system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the latter half of the 19th century, the library worked vigorously to develop and expand its branch library system. Viewed as a means to extend its presence throughout the city, the branch system evolved from an idea in 1867 to a reality in 1870, when the first branch library in the United States was opened in <a href="/wiki/East_Boston,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="East Boston, Massachusetts">East Boston</a>. The library currently has 25 branches serving diverse populations in the city's neighborhoods.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Boston" title="Chinatown, Boston">Chinatown, Boston</a> <ul><li><b>Chinatown Branch</b>, 2 Boylston Street. After lacking a local branch for 60 years, a temporary branch opened in the China Trade Center in February 2018 as a result of community activism. Prior to this, it had been served until the 1950s by a branch on Tyler Street.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_End,_Boston" title="North End, Boston">North End, Boston</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:North_End_Branch,_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The outside of the one-story North End Branch of the Boston Public Library system. There are two cars parked in front, and a person in a blue t-shire and black shorts walking in the street. The building is mostly brick, but there is a section of doors and windows for the entrance." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/North_End_Branch%2C_2016.jpg/220px-North_End_Branch%2C_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/North_End_Branch%2C_2016.jpg/330px-North_End_Branch%2C_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/North_End_Branch%2C_2016.jpg/440px-North_End_Branch%2C_2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>North End Branch, 2016.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>North End Branch</b>, 25 Parmenter Street. A delivery station was first opened in 1882.<sup id="cite_ref-Massachusetts_p.29_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massachusetts_p.29-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1913 the branch was located at 3A North Bennett Street. In 1965 it moved to its current building, designed by <a href="/wiki/Carl_Koch_(architect)" title="Carl Koch (architect)">Carl Koch</a> and Associates.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_End,_Boston" title="South End, Boston">South End, Boston</a> <ul><li><b>South End Branch</b>, 685 Tremont Street. "Library service was established in the South End in 1877. The Branch was located in the <a href="/wiki/Mercantile_Library_Association_(Boston,_Massachusetts)" title="Mercantile Library Association (Boston, Massachusetts)">Mercantile Library Association</a> until 1879 when it was moved to the <a href="/wiki/English_High_School_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="English High School of Boston">English High School</a>. In 1904 the Branch relocated to 397 Shawmut Avenue and then again in 1923 to the John J. Williams Municipal Building at Shawmut Avenue and West Brookline Street.<sup id="cite_ref-SAMMARCO2006_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SAMMARCO2006-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 7, 1971 the South End Branch Library moved to a new building at its present location, which was on the site of the original Mercantile building."<sup id="cite_ref-Massachusetts_p.29_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massachusetts_p.29-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_End,_Boston" title="West End, Boston">West End, Boston</a> <ul><li><b>West End Branch</b>, 151 Cambridge Street. "Library service in the West End was initiated in 1894 with the conversion of the <a href="/wiki/Old_West_Church_(Boston,_Massachusetts)" title="Old West Church (Boston, Massachusetts)">Old West Church</a> on the corner of Cambridge and Lynde Streets to library use. The West End Branch opened in February 1896. The West End Redevelopment Project necessitated closing the Branch in 1960. As part of the project a new building designed by Maginnis, Walsh and Kennedy opened in January 1968."<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2010_public_library_Brighton_Massachusetts_4457483634.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/2010_public_library_Brighton_Massachusetts_4457483634.jpg/220px-2010_public_library_Brighton_Massachusetts_4457483634.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/2010_public_library_Brighton_Massachusetts_4457483634.jpg/330px-2010_public_library_Brighton_Massachusetts_4457483634.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/2010_public_library_Brighton_Massachusetts_4457483634.jpg/440px-2010_public_library_Brighton_Massachusetts_4457483634.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Faneuil Branch, Brighton, 2010</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brighton,_Boston" title="Brighton, Boston">Brighton</a> <ul><li><b>Brighton Branch</b>, 40 Academy Hill Road, Brighton. Branch service in Brighton began when the town was annexed to the city of Boston in 1874 and the Brighton Social Library became part of the Boston Public Library. That year also saw the collection move from the former town hall to a new library building named for James Holton, a prominent Brighton resident. A new branch building opened on the same location in 1969. In 2018, the library reopened after undergoing extensive renovations for almost two years.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Faneuil Branch</b>, 419 Faneuil Street, Brighton. Located in Oak Square, the art-deco style building replaced a temporary location on nearby Brooks Street in 1931.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2020, the branch temporarily closed for extensive renovations. It is expected to reopen by the end of 2022<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This building is currently under consideration for <a href="/wiki/Boston_Landmark" title="Boston Landmark">Boston Landmark</a> status by the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Landmarks_Commission" title="Boston Landmarks Commission">Boston Landmarks Commission</a>, but remains closed as of August 2023.</li></ul></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2009_HonanBranch_public_library_Boston.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/2009_HonanBranch_public_library_Boston.jpg/220px-2009_HonanBranch_public_library_Boston.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/2009_HonanBranch_public_library_Boston.jpg/330px-2009_HonanBranch_public_library_Boston.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/2009_HonanBranch_public_library_Boston.jpg/440px-2009_HonanBranch_public_library_Boston.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="681" /></a><figcaption>Honan-Allston Branch, 2009</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allston" title="Allston">Allston</a> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Honan-Allston_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Honan-Allston Library">Honan-Allston Branch</a></b>, 300 North Harvard Street, Allston. "Allston's library service began in 1889 in a delivery station in Frank Howe's drugstore at 26 Franklin Street. ... In 1905, the Allston Reading Room at 354 Cambridge Street replaced the 16-year-old delivery station. A BPL librarian staffed the reading room. It became a full-service branch of the Boston Public Library in 1924. The branch moved to rented space at 161 Harvard Avenue in 1929. ... In 1981, amid statewide budget cuts, the Allston branch was closed. ... On January 19, 2000 ground was broken for the Allston Branch Library. Designed by <a href="/wiki/Machado_and_Silvetti_Associates" title="Machado and Silvetti Associates">Machado and Silvetti Associates</a> ... the branch officially opened for business on Saturday, June 16, 2001. On March 13, 2003 the branch was renamed the Honan-Allston branch in honor of City Councilor Brian Honan."<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlestown,_Boston" title="Charlestown, Boston">Charlestown</a> <ul><li><b>Charlestown Branch</b>, 179 Main Street, Charlestown. The Charlestown Branch Library originated with the addition of the town of Charlestown's public library when it was annexed in 1874. The library had opened at the start of 1862 in the Warren Institution for Savings Building with 6,000 volumes in its collection before moving to a space in the Charlestown City Hall in 1869. It remained at this location until it moved to the corner of Monument Square and Monument Avenue in 1913. It moved again in 1970 to its current location on Main Street.<sup id="cite_ref-Massachusetts_p.29_48-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massachusetts_p.29-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorchester,_Boston" title="Dorchester, Boston">Dorchester</a> <ul><li><b>Adams Street Branch</b>, 690 Adams Street, Dorchester. Library service in the Adams Street neighborhood began in 1875 with the implementation of a delivery station on Walnut street, followed by a reading room on Neponset Avenue in 1907. It moved to its current location in 1951.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1951 building was replaced by a new, larger building in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Codman Square Branch</b>, 690 Washington Street, Dorchester. "Opened in 1905 the branch was named for John Codman, a local preacher and patriot. It moved to 690 Washington Street in 1978, into a building designed by Eco-Texture, Inc."<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Fields Corner Branch</b>, 1520 Dorchester Avenue, Dorchester. The Fields Corner Branch was opened in 1969 to replace the first Dorchester Branch, which had been located nearby.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Grove Hall Branch</b>, 41 Geneva Avenue, Dorchester. "The first library in this section of Roxbury opened May 1, 1898 in the rear of Mr. Mowry's Drug Store at the corner of Warren Street and Haynes Park with one table, eight chairs, two shelves and 200 books. ... In 1919 the building on the corner of Warren and Savin Streets officially became the Warren Street Branch Library. In 1926, this branch moved into its new quarters in the New Roxbury Memorial High School and thus became the Memorial Branch Library. The Memorial Branch was replaced in December 1970 by the Grove Hall Branch Library located at the corner of Warren and Crawford Streets. On April 4, 2009 the new branch library at 41 Geneva Avenue ... opened. Located in the newly-renovated Jeremiah E. Burke High School, the new library was designed by Schwartz/Silver Architects."<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Lower Mills Branch</b>, 27 Richmond Street, Dorchester. In 1875, a branch delivery post opened in the Lower Mills neighborhood of Dorchester supplied through the Central Library and the Dorchester Branch Library. It was promoted to branch status in 1876. The Branch moved in 1883 to the Blue Hills Bank building and built an addition in 1936. It moved to its current location on Richmond Street in 1981.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The branch was scheduled to close in 2010, but as of 2021 is still in operation.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Uphams Corner Branch</b>, 500 Columbia Road, Dorchester. Library service in Dorchester's Uphams Corner began with a temporary store-front location on Dudley Street before it moved in 1904 to an upper floor of a municipal building on Columbia Road. When the pool one floor below was closed, the library expanded into it and converted the former pool into a children's room.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2008_public_library_East_Boston_3011072596.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/2008_public_library_East_Boston_3011072596.jpg/220px-2008_public_library_East_Boston_3011072596.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/2008_public_library_East_Boston_3011072596.jpg/330px-2008_public_library_East_Boston_3011072596.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/2008_public_library_East_Boston_3011072596.jpg/440px-2008_public_library_East_Boston_3011072596.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>East Boston Branch, 2008</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Orient_Heights_Branch,_Boston_Public_Library_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Orient_Heights_Branch%2C_Boston_Public_Library_%282%29.jpg/220px-Orient_Heights_Branch%2C_Boston_Public_Library_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Orient_Heights_Branch%2C_Boston_Public_Library_%282%29.jpg/330px-Orient_Heights_Branch%2C_Boston_Public_Library_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Orient_Heights_Branch%2C_Boston_Public_Library_%282%29.jpg/440px-Orient_Heights_Branch%2C_Boston_Public_Library_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Orient Heights Branch, 2011. A branch in East Boston which closed in 2013.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Boston" title="East Boston">East Boston</a> <ul><li><b>East Boston Branch</b>, 365 Bremen Street, East Boston. "Established in 1869, the East Boston Branch Library was the first municipally supported branch library in the United States. It opened in the old Lyman School with the collections of the East Boston Library Association and the Sumner Library."<sup id="cite_ref-Massachusetts_p.29_48-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massachusetts_p.29-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current East Boston Branch, designed by William Rawn Associates, Architects, Inc., opened in November 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_Boston" title="Hyde Park, Boston">Hyde Park</a> <ul><li><b>Hyde Park Branch</b>, 35 Harvard Avenue, Hyde Park. "The town of Hyde Park opened its first library in the Cobb's block of Everett Square in 1873. In 1884 it moved to larger quarters in the Masonic Block at the corner of Harvard Avenue and River Street. Ground was broken for the Town Library in December 1898 and the ... building was opened in September, 1899. The Library became a branch of the Boston Public Library when the town joined the City of Boston in 1912. ... In 1997 ground was broken for a new addition and a renovation of the existing building," completed in 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is now the third-largest branch in Boston Public Library, after the Central Library and the West Roxbury branch, with area of 23,000 square feet (2,100 m<sup>2</sup>).<sup id="cite_ref-factsheet_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-factsheet-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Plain" title="Jamaica Plain">Jamaica Plain</a> <ul><li><b>Connolly Branch</b>, 433 Centre Street, Jamaica Plain. "Library service to the Hyde Square area of Jamaica Plain began in 1897 with a small book deposit in the rear of a neighborhood pharmacy at the corner of Lamartine and Paul Gore Streets. Eventually, in 1905 the Boylston Branch, named for the Boylston Railroad Station, opened its doors. Responding to the need for larger space, a beautiful white limestone building was built and opened in 1932. Designed by Maginnis and Walsh in the Jacobean style, the large arched entrance leads to a large interior space with wood and glass partitions dividing the adult and children's area. The ceilings, decorated with plaster moldings, are reputedly inspired by the Rufford Abbey Library in England. On December 12, 1940, the name of the branch was officially changed to the Monsignor Arthur T. Connolly Branch, as a tribute to Monsignor Connolly, a long-time member of the Boston Public Library Board of Trustees and pastor of the neighboring Blessed Sacrament Church."<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Jamaica Plain Branch</b>, 12 Sedgwick Street, Jamaica Plain. "The Jamaica Plain Branch began in June, 1876, as a small Reading Room in Curtis Hall, with books supplied by the Roxbury Branch of the BPL. In September, 1877, it expanded and became the first BPL branch to purchase books from public funds. After a fire in 1908, the present building was constructed. The architecturally distinctive building features large schoolhouse windows and two fireplaces. It opened on July 24, 1911. An addition was built in 1936 and the interior was remodeled in 1963."<sup id="cite_ref-Massachusetts_p.29_48-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massachusetts_p.29-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2015, it was closed for renovation. It reopened in May 2017.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattapan" title="Mattapan">Mattapan</a> <ul><li><b>Mattapan Branch</b>, 1350 Blue Hill Avenue, Mattapan. The Mattapan Branch started as a reading room and book delivery station in the Oakland Hall building before becoming an official Branch in 1923. It moved to 10 Hazelton Street in June 1931. It moved again in 2009, when the new Mattapan Branch building opened at its current location on Blue Hill Avenue. The new building was designed by William Rawn Associates Architects, Inc.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2008_Roslindale_public_library_Boston_2859098857.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/2008_Roslindale_public_library_Boston_2859098857.jpg/220px-2008_Roslindale_public_library_Boston_2859098857.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/2008_Roslindale_public_library_Boston_2859098857.jpg/330px-2008_Roslindale_public_library_Boston_2859098857.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/2008_Roslindale_public_library_Boston_2859098857.jpg/440px-2008_Roslindale_public_library_Boston_2859098857.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Roslindale Branch, 2008</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roslindale" title="Roslindale">Roslindale</a> <ul><li><b>Roslindale Branch</b>, 4238 Washington Street, Roslindale. "Library service has been provided to Roslindale since 1898. At that time, a book delivery station was located in a drugstore at the corner of Washington and Ashland Streets. ... In 1900 the library was moved to the Old Taft's Tavern building. In 1918, having outgrown its quarters, the library moved to the Municipal Building at the Corner of Washington Street and Cummins Highway. When the municipal facility became outmoded plans were made to move the library again. At the corner of Washington and Poplar Streets was a fire house which was torn down for the new library site. In 1961, a semi-circular building with huge glass windows, topped with a low blue dome, was designed by Isidor Richmond and Carny Goldberg."<sup id="cite_ref-Massachusetts_p.29_48-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massachusetts_p.29-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boston_Public_Library_Egleston_Square.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Boston_Public_Library_Egleston_Square.jpg/220px-Boston_Public_Library_Egleston_Square.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Boston_Public_Library_Egleston_Square.jpg/330px-Boston_Public_Library_Egleston_Square.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Boston_Public_Library_Egleston_Square.jpg/440px-Boston_Public_Library_Egleston_Square.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Egleston Square, 2011</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roxbury,_Boston" title="Roxbury, Boston">Roxbury</a> <ul><li><b>Roxbury Branch</b>, 65 Warren Street, Roxbury. Formerly the Dudley Branch Library, which opened at its current location in April 1978. It replaced the Mount Pleasant Branch and the associated Fellowes Atheneaum.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Egleston Square</b>, 2044 Columbus Avenue, Roxbury. The Egleston Square Branch opened in its current location in July 1953. The building was designed by the firm of Isidor Richmond and Carney Goldberg. The Boston Mural Crew added a mural to the side in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Parker Hill Branch</b>, 1497 Tremont Street, Roxbury. The first location opened just down the street at 1518 Tremont Street in 1907 before moving to the current Gothic-style building in 1931, which was designed by <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Adams_Cram" title="Ralph Adams Cram">Ralph Adams Cram</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Boston" title="South Boston">South Boston</a> <ul><li><b>South Boston Branch</b>, 646 East Broadway, South Boston. "The South Boston Branch first opened in April 1872 in the Masonic building at 372 West Broadway. It was the second branch library established in the United States. When the Masonic building was sold in 1948 the South Boston Branch was closed. ... The branch was reopened in June 1950 in a storefront at 385–8 West Broadway were it remained until destroyed by fire in May 1957. The present building ... consolidated the City Point Branch with the South Boston Branch."<sup id="cite_ref-Massachusetts_p.29_48-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massachusetts_p.29-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Roxbury,_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="West Roxbury, Boston">West Roxbury</a> <ul><li><b>West Roxbury Branch</b>, 1961 Centre Street, West Roxbury. "In 1876 the Boston Public Library created a delivery station when it took over the collection of the West Roxbury Free Library. In 1896 it became a full branch of the Boston Public Library. In 1921–22, a new library building was built at the present site. In 1977 a devastating fire destroyed the neighboring West Roxbury Congregational Church and the land was deeded to the Trustees of the Boston Public Library for the purpose of an addition to the Branch building. On September 24, 1989 the new addition was opened to the public with community rooms, a gallery and a reading garden. The branch is home to the West Roxbury Historical Society."<sup id="cite_ref-Massachusetts_p.29_48-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massachusetts_p.29-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is now the second-largest branch in Boston Public Library, after the Central Library, with area of 24,200 square feet (2,250 m<sup>2</sup>).<sup id="cite_ref-factsheet_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-factsheet-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BostonPublicLibrary_1850s.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Temporary building, Mason Street, 1854-1858"><img alt="Temporary building, Mason Street, 1854-1858" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/BostonPublicLibrary_1850s.jpg/300px-BostonPublicLibrary_1850s.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/BostonPublicLibrary_1850s.jpg/450px-BostonPublicLibrary_1850s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/BostonPublicLibrary_1850s.jpg/600px-BostonPublicLibrary_1850s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3636" data-file-height="2546" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Temporary building, Mason Street, 1854-1858</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 128.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 126.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2350781505_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Exterior of Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1858–1895"><img alt="Exterior of Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1858–1895" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/2350781505_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg/190px-2350781505_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg" decoding="async" width="127" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/2350781505_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg/286px-2350781505_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/2350781505_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg/381px-2350781505_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="564" data-file-height="622" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Exterior of Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1858–1895</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 144.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 142.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2351614616_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lower hall stacks, Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1858–1895"><img alt="Lower hall stacks, Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1858–1895" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/2351614616_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg/214px-2351614616_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg" decoding="async" width="143" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/2351614616_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg/320px-2351614616_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/2351614616_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg/427px-2351614616_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="654" data-file-height="643" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Lower hall stacks, Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1858–1895</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 132.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 130.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2351614078_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Upper (Bates) hall, Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1858–1895"><img alt="Upper (Bates) hall, Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1858–1895" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/2351614078_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg/196px-2351614078_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg" decoding="async" width="131" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/2351614078_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg/294px-2351614078_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/2351614078_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg/392px-2351614078_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="639" data-file-height="684" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Upper (Bates) hall, Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1858–1895</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 176px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 174px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2350784443_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lower hall indicator, Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1858–1895"><img alt="Lower hall indicator, Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1858–1895" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/2350784443_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg/261px-2350784443_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg" decoding="async" width="174" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/2350784443_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg/392px-2350784443_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/2350784443_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg/522px-2350784443_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="628" data-file-height="505" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Lower hall indicator, Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1858–1895</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 133.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 131.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2351613774_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lower hall reading room, Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1858–1895"><img alt="Lower hall reading room, Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1858–1895" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/2351613774_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg/197px-2351613774_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/2351613774_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg/295px-2351613774_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/2351613774_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg/393px-2351613774_BPL_BoylstonSt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="637" data-file-height="680" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Lower hall reading room, Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1858–1895</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 181.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 179.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BostonPublicLibrary_BoylstonSt_1850s.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Engraving of exterior, Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1850s"><img alt="Engraving of exterior, Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1850s" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/BostonPublicLibrary_BoylstonSt_1850s.JPG/269px-BostonPublicLibrary_BoylstonSt_1850s.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/BostonPublicLibrary_BoylstonSt_1850s.JPG/404px-BostonPublicLibrary_BoylstonSt_1850s.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/BostonPublicLibrary_BoylstonSt_1850s.JPG/539px-BostonPublicLibrary_BoylstonSt_1850s.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3335" data-file-height="2601" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Engraving of exterior, Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1850s</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 186.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 184.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:McKim_Building_Construction_1889.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="McKim Building construction 1889"><img alt="McKim Building construction 1889" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/McKim_Building_Construction_1889.jpg/277px-McKim_Building_Construction_1889.jpg" decoding="async" width="185" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/McKim_Building_Construction_1889.jpg/416px-McKim_Building_Construction_1889.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/McKim_Building_Construction_1889.jpg/554px-McKim_Building_Construction_1889.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1137" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">McKim Building construction 1889</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 201.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 199.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Courtyard_at_the_Boston_Public_Library.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="McKim Building courtyard, soon after opening, c. 1895."><img alt="McKim Building courtyard, soon after opening, c. 1895." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Courtyard_at_the_Boston_Public_Library.jpg/299px-Courtyard_at_the_Boston_Public_Library.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Courtyard_at_the_Boston_Public_Library.jpg/448px-Courtyard_at_the_Boston_Public_Library.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Courtyard_at_the_Boston_Public_Library.jpg/597px-Courtyard_at_the_Boston_Public_Library.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1056" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">McKim Building courtyard, soon after opening, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1895</span>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 251.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 249.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Boston_Public_Library_2015_holiday_season.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dartmouth Street facade of McKim Building during the holiday season, December 2015"><img alt="Dartmouth Street facade of McKim Building during the holiday season, December 2015" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Boston_Public_Library_2015_holiday_season.jpg/374px-Boston_Public_Library_2015_holiday_season.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Boston_Public_Library_2015_holiday_season.jpg/560px-Boston_Public_Library_2015_holiday_season.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Boston_Public_Library_2015_holiday_season.jpg/747px-Boston_Public_Library_2015_holiday_season.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5312" data-file-height="2988" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Dartmouth Street facade of McKim Building during the holiday season, December 2015</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg/28px-Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg/42px-Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg/56px-Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Books" title="Portal:Books">Books portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Library,_McKim_Building" title="Boston Public Library, McKim Building">Boston Public Library, McKim Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_public_libraries_in_Massachusetts" title="List of public libraries in Massachusetts">List of public libraries in Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_system" title="Library system">Library system</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-summaryb-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-summaryb_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cityofboston.gov/images_documents/02%20Summary%20Budget_adopted-11-15_tcm3-31757.pdf">"Summary Budget"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. City of Boston. 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-11-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Summary+Budget&rft.pub=City+of+Boston&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cityofboston.gov%2Fimages_documents%2F02%2520Summary%2520Budget_adopted-11-15_tcm3-31757.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170618053716/http://www.bpl.org/general/management.htm">"BPL – Management Staff"</a>. Bpl.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpl.org/general/management.htm">the original</a> on 2017-06-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BPL+%E2%80%93+Management+Staff&rft.pub=Bpl.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fgeneral%2Fmanagement.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180520090547/http://www.bpl.org/general/trustees/trustees.htm">"BPL – Trustees"</a>. Bpl.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpl.org/general/trustees/trustees.htm">the original</a> on 2018-05-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BPL+%E2%80%93+Trustees&rft.pub=Bpl.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fgeneral%2Ftrustees%2Ftrustees.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WiegandDavis1994-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WiegandDavis1994_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWayne_A._WiegandDonald_G._Davis1994" class="citation book cs1">Wayne A. Wiegand; Donald G. Davis (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WR9bsvhc4XMC&pg=PA85"><i>Encyclopedia of Library History</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. pp. 85–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8240-5787-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8240-5787-9"><bdi>978-0-8240-5787-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Library+History&rft.pages=85-&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-8240-5787-9&rft.au=Wayne+A.+Wiegand&rft.au=Donald+G.+Davis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWR9bsvhc4XMC%26pg%3DPA85&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130914223228/http://mblc.state.ma.us/mblc/publications/agenda2013/">"Massachusetts Board of Library Commissioners Legislative Agenda"</a>. Massachusetts Board of Library Commissioners. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mblc.state.ma.us/mblc/publications/agenda2013/">the original</a> on 14 September 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Massachusetts+Board+of+Library+Commissioners+Legislative+Agenda&rft.pub=Massachusetts+Board+of+Library+Commissioners&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmblc.state.ma.us%2Fmblc%2Fpublications%2Fagenda2013%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Declared in 1970 by law. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXII/Chapter78/Section19C">Massachusetts General Laws, Chapter 78, Section 19C, paragraph 4</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150412085741/http://www.bpl.org/press/files/2014/09/BPLbytheNumbersFY14.pdf">"BPL By the Numbers: FY2014"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpl.org/press/files/2014/09/BPLbytheNumbersFY14.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2015-04-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-10-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BPL+By+the+Numbers%3A+FY2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fpress%2Ffiles%2F2014%2F09%2FBPLbytheNumbersFY14.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boston.gov/sites/default/files/embed/file/2016-11/boston_public_library_central_branch_99.pdf">"Boston Public Library Boston Landmarks Commission Study Report as is commonly known as the "BBL" with 69 foot tall ceilings in e Bates Study Hall"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. December 12, 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200708204411/https://www.boston.gov/sites/default/files/embed/file/2016-11/boston_public_library_central_branch_99.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2020-07-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Boston+Public+Library+Boston+Landmarks+Commission+Study+Report+as+is+commonly+known+as+the+%22BBL%22+with+69+foot+tall+ceilings+in+e+Bates+Study+Hall&rft.date=2000-12-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.gov%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fembed%2Ffile%2F2016-11%2Fboston_public_library_central_branch_99.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140902113030/http://www.bpl.org/general/about/BPL_Fact_Sheet.pdf">"The Boston Public Library Fact Sheet"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bpl.org/general/about/BPL_Fact_Sheet.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2014-09-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-06-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Boston+Public+Library+Fact+Sheet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fgeneral%2Fabout%2FBPL_Fact_Sheet.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141202125225/http://www.bpl.org/general/about/stats.htm">"The Boston Public Library"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpl.org/general/about/stats.htm">the original</a> on 2014-12-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-01-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Boston+Public+Library&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fgeneral%2Fabout%2Fstats.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoston_Public_Library2021" class="citation web cs1">Boston Public Library (October 28, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bpl.org/special-collections-departments/rare-books-and-manuscripts/">"Rare Books an Manuscripts"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180615083433/https://www.bpl.org/special-collections-departments/rare-books-and-manuscripts/">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-06-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 29,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rare+Books+an+Manuscripts&rft.date=2021-10-28&rft.au=Boston+Public+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fspecial-collections-departments%2Frare-books-and-manuscripts%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McCrann, Grace-Ellen (2005): "Contemporary Forces That Supported the Founding of the Boston Public <a href="/wiki/Library" title="Library">Library</a>." <i>Public Libraries</i>, Vol. 44, no. 4, July/August 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McCrann, Grace-Ellen (2005): "Contemporary Forces That Supported the Founding of the Boston Public Library." Public Libraries, Vol. 44, no. 4, July/August 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For context, see: <a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_in_19th-century_Boston,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="List of libraries in 19th-century Boston, Massachusetts">List of libraries in 19th-century Boston, Massachusetts</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>International Dictionary of Library Histories,</i> Volume 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McCrann_2005-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McCrann_2005_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCrann_2005_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">McCrann 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BPL_-_History_and_Description-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BPL_-_History_and_Description_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BPL_-_History_and_Description_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BPL_-_History_and_Description_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140626114123/http://www.bpl.org/general/history.htm">"BPL - History and Description"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpl.org/general/history.htm">the original</a> on 2014-06-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-06-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BPL+-+History+and+Description&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fgeneral%2Fhistory.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacQuarrie2006" class="citation news cs1">MacQuarrie, Brian (2006-10-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070322054913/http://www.boston.com/news/local/articles/2006/10/06/library_lacks_means_to_repair_old_tomes?mode=PF">"Library lacks means to repair old tomes"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Boston_Globe" title="The Boston Globe">The Boston Globe</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boston.com/news/local/articles/2006/10/06/library_lacks_means_to_repair_old_tomes?mode=PF">the original</a> on March 22, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2006-10-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Library+lacks+means+to+repair+old+tomes&rft.date=2006-10-06&rft.aulast=MacQuarrie&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Farticles%2F2006%2F10%2F06%2Flibrary_lacks_means_to_repair_old_tomes%3Fmode%3DPF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpl.org/compass/strategic-plan/">"Compass Strategic Plan"</a>. BPL<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Compass+Strategic+Plan&rft.pub=BPL&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fcompass%2Fstrategic-plan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">July 1, 2012 through June 30, 2013; cf. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCommonwealth_of_Massachusetts_Board_of_Library_Commissioners2014" class="citation web cs1">Commonwealth of Massachusetts Board of Library Commissioners (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140728010916/http://mblc.state.ma.us/advisory/statistics/public/repmunicpie/repmp12_report.pdf#">"FY2012 Municipal Pie Report"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-06-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FY2012+Municipal+Pie+Report&rft.date=2014&rft.au=Commonwealth+of+Massachusetts+Board+of+Library+Commissioners&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmblc.state.ma.us%2Fadvisory%2Fstatistics%2Fpublic%2Frepmunicpie%2Frepmp12_report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpl.org/distinction/">"Collections of Distinction"</a>. BPL<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=East+Boston+Branch&rft.pub=BPL&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fbranches%2Feastboston.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140315235739/http://www.bpl.org/branches/eastboston.htm">"East Boston Branch"</a>. <i>Boston Public Library</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpl.org/branches/eastboston.htm">the original</a> on 15 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Boston+Public+Library&rft.atitle=East+Boston+Branch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fbranches%2Feastboston.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131015204709/http://www.bpl.org/branches/hyde.htm">"Hyde Park Branch"</a>. BPL. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpl.org/branches/hyde.htm">the original</a> on 2013-10-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-10-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hyde+Park+Branch&rft.pub=BPL&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fbranches%2Fhyde.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpl.org/branches/connolly.htm">"Connolly Branch"</a>. BPL. 1940-12-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jamaica+Plain+Branch&rft.pub=BPL&rft.date=1911-07-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fbranches%2Fjamaica.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Libraries spared from closure, Jamaica Plain Gazette, Apr 16, 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130105184515/http://www.bpl.org/branches/mattapan.htm">"Mattapan Branch"</a>. BPL. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpl.org/branches/mattapan.htm">the original</a> on 2013-01-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mattapan+Branch&rft.pub=BPL&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fbranches%2Fmattapan.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bpl.org/about-mattapan/">"About Mattapan"</a>. <i>www.bpl.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-11-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bpl.org&rft.atitle=About+Mattapan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fabout-mattapan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpl.org/branches/roslindale.htm">"Roslindale Branch"</a>. BPL<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Roslindale+Branch&rft.pub=BPL&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fbranches%2Froslindale.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpl.org/branches/dudley.htm">"Dudley Branch"</a>. BPL<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dudley+Branch&rft.pub=BPL&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fbranches%2Fdudley.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bpl.org/about-egleston-square/">"About Egleston Square"</a>. <i>www.bpl.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-11-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bpl.org&rft.atitle=About+Egleston+Square&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fabout-egleston-square%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bpl.org/about-parker-hill/">"About Parker Hill"</a>. <i>www.bpl.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-11-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bpl.org&rft.atitle=About+Parker+Hill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fabout-parker-hill%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpl.org/branches/southboston.htm">"South Boston Branch"</a>. BPL<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=South+Boston+Branch&rft.pub=BPL&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fbranches%2Fsouthboston.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpl.org/branches/westroxbury.htm">"West Roxbury Branch"</a>. BPL. 1989-09-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=West+Roxbury+Branch&rft.pub=BPL&rft.date=1989-09-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fbranches%2Fwestroxbury.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Boston City Council. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mMYYAAAAIAAJ">Proceedings at the dedication of the building for the Public library of the city of Boston</a>: January 1, 1858.</li> <li>Boston Public Library. Annual report. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=khMbAAAAMAAJ">v.19–23</a> (1871–1875); <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jkcFAAAAQAAJ">v.25</a> (1877); <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MxkbAAAAMAAJ">v.36–42</a> (1887–1893). Also available via BPL website: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140416180309/http://bostonpl.bibliocommons.com/item/show/194211042_annual_report">reports for 1852-1995</a></li> <li>Boston. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LusKAAAAYAAJ">First Report of the Free Public Library Commission of Massachusetts</a>. 1891; p. 28+</li> <li>Whitehill, Walter Muir. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/9995270757">"Boston Public Library: A Centennial History</a>. Harvard University Press, 1956.</li> <li>Willis, Catherine J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/0738575062">"Boston Public Library" (Images of America series)</a>. Arcadia Pub, 2011.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.boston.com/yourtown/news/east_boston/2013/11/new_library_branch_opens_in_east_boston.html">New library branch opens in East Boston</a>. Boston.com. November 4, 2013.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/lifestyle/2013/12/03/the-boston-public-library-copley-branch-getting-makeover/ynn4BqHmEZc3Bk9za3OMYJ/story.html">Boston Public Library's Copley branch getting a makeover</a>. Boston Globe. December 3, 2013.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/08/us/breaking-out-of-the-library-mold-in-boston-and-beyond.html">"Breaking Out of the Library Mold, in Boston and Beyond"</a>, <i>The New York Times</i>, March 7, 2014</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Breaking+Out+of+the+Library+Mold%2C+in+Boston+and+Beyond&rft.date=2014-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2014%2F03%2F08%2Fus%2Fbreaking-out-of-the-library-mold-in-boston-and-beyond.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoston_Public_Library1940" class="citation book cs1">Boston Public Library (1940). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=G6JFAQAAIAAJ&q=mayan+girls+chinese"><i>More Books: Being the Bulletin of the Boston Public Library</i></a>. The Trustees. p. 22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 17,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=More+Books%3A+Being+the+Bulletin+of+the+Boston+Public+Library&rft.pages=22&rft.pub=The+Trustees&rft.date=1940&rft.au=Boston+Public+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DG6JFAQAAIAAJ%26q%3Dmayan%2Bgirls%2Bchinese&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoston+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Boston" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Boston,_Massachusetts" title="Template:Boston, Massachusetts"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #367BCA">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Boston,_Massachusetts" title="Template talk:Boston, Massachusetts"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #367BCA">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Boston,_Massachusetts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Boston, Massachusetts"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #367BCA">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Boston" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: #367BCA; text-decoration: inherit;">Boston</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_accent" title="Boston accent">Accent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_annual_events_in_Boston" title="List of annual events in Boston">Annual events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Boston" title="Architecture of Boston">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_arts_organizations_in_Boston" title="List of arts organizations in Boston">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Boston" title="Bibliography of Boston">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_in_Boston" title="Culture in Boston">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Boston">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Boston" title="List of diplomatic missions in Boston">Diplomatic missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Boston">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Education in Boston">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_metropolitan_Boston" title="List of colleges and universities in metropolitan Boston">Colleges and universities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of Boston">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Boston" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Boston">Historic places</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_northern_Boston" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Boston">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_southern_Boston" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in southern Boston">Southern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Boston" title="History of Boston">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Boston" title="Timeline of Boston">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Boston" title="Media in Boston">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_nicknames" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston nicknames">Nicknames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Boston" title="List of people from Boston">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Boston">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Boston" title="Port of Boston">Port</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Public library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Schools" title="Boston Public Schools">Public schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sister_cities_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sister cities of Boston">Sister cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Boston" title="List of tallest buildings in Boston">Skyscrapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_songs_about_Boston" title="List of songs about Boston">Songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Boston" title="Transportation in Boston">Transportation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sites_of_interest_in_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sites of interest in Boston">Attractions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Common" title="Boston Common">Boston Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Convention_and_Exhibition_Center" title="Boston Convention and Exhibition Center">Boston Convention and Exhibition Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Irish_Famine_Memorial" title="Boston Irish Famine Memorial">Irish Famine Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Tea_Party#Boston_Tea_Party_Ships_and_Museum" title="Boston Tea Party">Boston Tea Party Ships and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunker_Hill_Monument" title="Bunker Hill Monument">Bunker Hill Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Heights_Monument" title="Dorchester Heights Monument">Dorchester Heights Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faneuil_Hall" title="Faneuil Hall">Faneuil Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenway_Park" title="Fenway Park">Fenway Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Park_Zoo" title="Franklin Park Zoo">Franklin Park Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Trail" title="Freedom Trail">Freedom Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hynes_Convention_Center" title="Hynes Convention Center">Hynes Convention Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Contemporary_Art,_Boston" title="Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston">Institute of Contemporary Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_Stewart_Gardner_Museum" title="Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum">Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum">John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_State_House" title="Massachusetts State House">Massachusetts State House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston" title="Museum of Fine Arts, Boston">Museum of Fine Arts</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Appeal_to_the_Great_Spirit" title="Appeal to the Great Spirit">Appeal to the Great Spirit</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Science_(Boston)" title="Museum of Science (Boston)">Museum of Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Aquarium" title="New England Aquarium">New England Aquarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_North_Church" title="Old North Church">Old North Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Revere_House" title="Paul Revere House">Paul Revere House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_Hall,_Boston" title="Symphony Hall, Boston">Boston Symphony Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TD_Garden" title="TD Garden">TD Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Constitution" title="USS Constitution">USS <i>Constitution</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USS_Constitution_Museum" title="USS Constitution Museum">Museum</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%">Business<br />districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Back_Bay,_Boston" title="Back Bay, Boston">Back Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Boston" title="Downtown Boston">Downtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenway%E2%80%93Kenmore" title="Fenway–Kenmore">Fenway–Kenmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_Boston" title="Financial District, Boston">Financial District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Center,_Boston" title="Government Center, Boston">Government Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innovation_district" title="Innovation district">Innovation district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_End,_Boston" title="North End, Boston">North End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_128" title="Massachusetts Route 128">Route 128 corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_End,_Boston" title="South End, Boston">South End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_in_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="List of companies in Boston">List of companies in Boston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Boston#Government_and_politics" title="Boston">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_City_Charter" title="Boston City Charter">City charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_City_Council" title="Boston City Council">City council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_City_Hall" title="Boston City Hall">City Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Boston_mayoral_election" title="2021 Boston mayoral election">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Emergency_Medical_Services" title="Boston Emergency Medical Services">Emergency Medical Services (EMS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Finance_Commission" title="Boston Finance Commission">FinComm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Fire_Department" title="Boston Fire Department">Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Housing_Authority" title="Boston Housing Authority">Housing (BHA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Boston" title="Mayor of Boston">Mayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Planning_%26_Development_Agency" title="Boston Planning & Development Agency">Planning & Development Agency (BPDA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Police_Department" title="Boston Police Department">Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_Boston" title="Neighborhoods in Boston">Neighborhoods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allston%E2%80%93Brighton" title="Allston–Brighton">Allston–Brighton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allston" title="Allston">Allston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton,_Boston" title="Brighton, Boston">Brighton</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Back_Bay,_Boston" title="Back Bay, Boston">Back Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Village,_Boston" title="Bay Village, Boston">Bay Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beacon_Hill,_Boston" title="Beacon Hill, Boston">Beacon Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Crossing" title="Downtown Crossing">Downtown Boston</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_Boston" title="Financial District, Boston">Financial District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Center,_Boston" title="Government Center, Boston">Government Center</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlestown,_Boston" title="Charlestown, Boston">Charlestown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Hill,_Massachusetts" title="Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts">Chestnut Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Boston" title="Chinatown, Boston">Chinatown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorchester,_Boston" title="Dorchester, Boston">Dorchester</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Point,_Boston" title="Columbia Point, Boston">Columbia Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upham%27s_Corner" class="mw-redirect" title="Upham's Corner">Upham's Corner</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Boston" title="East Boston">East Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenway%E2%80%93Kenmore" title="Fenway–Kenmore">Fenway–Kenmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Harbor_Islands_National_Recreation_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area">Harbor Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_Boston" title="Hyde Park, Boston">Hyde Park</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Readville,_Boston" title="Readville, Boston">Readville</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Plain" title="Jamaica Plain">Jamaica Plain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Hills,_Boston" title="Forest Hills, Boston">Forest Hills</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leather_District" title="Leather District">Leather District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattapan" title="Mattapan">Mattapan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_Hill,_Boston" title="Mission Hill, Boston">Mission Hill</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Longwood_Medical_and_Academic_Area" title="Longwood Medical and Academic Area">Longwood</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_End,_Boston" title="North End, Boston">North End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roslindale" title="Roslindale">Roslindale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxbury,_Boston" title="Roxbury, Boston">Roxbury</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Hill,_Boston" title="Fort Hill, Boston">Fort Hill</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Boston" title="South Boston">South Boston</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Point,_Boston" title="Fort Point, Boston">Fort Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seaport_District" title="Seaport District">Seaport</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_End,_Boston" title="South End, Boston">South End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_End,_Boston" title="West End, Boston">West End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Roxbury" title="West Roxbury">West Roxbury</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Boston" title="Sports in Boston">Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Bruins" title="Boston Bruins">Boston Bruins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Celtics" title="Boston Celtics">Boston Celtics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Marathon" title="Boston Marathon">Boston Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox" title="Boston Red Sox">Boston Red Sox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Free_Jacks" title="New England Free Jacks">New England Free Jacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Patriots" title="New England Patriots">New England Patriots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Revolution" title="New England Revolution">New England Revolution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_County,_Massachusetts" title="Suffolk County, Massachusetts">Suffolk County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Boston" title="Greater Boston">Greater Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Boston_landmarks" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Boston_landmarks" title="Template:Boston landmarks"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Boston_landmarks" title="Template talk:Boston landmarks"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Boston_landmarks" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Boston landmarks"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Boston_landmarks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sites_of_interest_in_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sites of interest in Boston">Boston landmarks</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Meeting_House" title="African Meeting House">African Meeting House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Athen%C3%A6um" title="Boston Athenæum">Boston Athenæum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Children%27s_Museum" title="Boston Children's Museum">Boston Children's Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Common" title="Boston Common">Boston Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Convention_and_Exhibition_Center" title="Boston Convention and Exhibition Center">Boston Convention and Exhibition Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Navy_Yard" title="Boston Navy Yard">Boston Navy Yard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Garden" title="Boston Public Garden">Boston Public Garden</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Boston Public Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Tea_Party#Boston_Tea_Party_Ships_and_Museum" title="Boston Tea Party">Boston Tea Party Ships and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boch_Center" title="Boch Center">Citi Performing Arts Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Crossing" title="Downtown Crossing">Downtown Crossing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_M._Kennedy_Institute_for_the_United_States_Senate" title="Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate">Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faneuil_Hall" title="Faneuil Hall">Faneuil Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenway_Park" title="Fenway Park">Fenway Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Park_Zoo" title="Franklin Park Zoo">Franklin Park Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Trail" title="Freedom Trail">Freedom Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Contemporary_Art,_Boston" title="Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston">Institute of Contemporary Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_Stewart_Gardner_Museum" title="Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum">Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum">John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_State_House" title="Massachusetts State House">Massachusetts State House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston" title="Museum of Fine Arts, Boston">Museum of Fine Arts</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Appeal_to_the_Great_Spirit" title="Appeal to the Great Spirit">Appeal to the Great Spirit</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Science_(Boston)" title="Museum of Science (Boston)">Museum of Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Aquarium" title="New England Aquarium">New England Aquarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Holocaust_Memorial" title="New England Holocaust Memorial">New England Holocaust Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newbury_Street" title="Newbury Street">Newbury Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_North_Church" title="Old North Church">Old North Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Revere_House" title="Paul Revere House">Paul Revere House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prudential_Tower" title="Prudential Tower">Prudential Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Samuel_Adams" title="Statue of Samuel Adams"><i>Samuel Adams</i> (Whitney)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Station" title="South Station">South Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_Hall,_Boston" title="Symphony Hall, Boston">Symphony Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TD_Garden" title="TD Garden">TD Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_Church_(Boston)" title="Trinity Church (Boston)">Trinity Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Cassin_Young" title="USS Cassin Young">USS Cassin Young (DD-793)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Constitution" title="USS Constitution">USS <i>Constitution</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USS_Constitution_Museum" title="USS Constitution Museum">Museum</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q894583#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q894583#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q894583#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000122873150">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/133435180">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/537650/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Boston Public Library"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4307349-9">Germany</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79117036">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12179188r">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12179188r">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00724905">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36201733">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Boston Public Library"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20060507002&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/3065">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/98035961">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000407418">Chile</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=494/686">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007597032005171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058527206106706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA1051538X?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500305150">ULAN</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://w3id.org/isil/US-MB">ISIL</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1228333">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/030360897">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6b09vvw">SNAC</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/institutions/30000035">RISM</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&oldid=1255035864">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&oldid=1255035864</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Libraries_in_Boston" title="Category:Libraries in Boston">Libraries in Boston</a></li><li><a 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