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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Voir aussi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Volcanisme</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 49 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-49" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">49 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulkanisme" title="Vulkanisme – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Vulkanisme" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulkanismus" title="Vulkanismus – alémanique" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Vulkanismus" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alémanique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="بركانية – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بركانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulkanizm" title="Vulkanizm – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Vulkanizm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulkanismo" title="Bulkanismo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Bulkanismo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Вулканизъм – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Вулканизъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A7%8E%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4" title="অগ্ন্যুৎপাত – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অগ্ন্যুৎপাত" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulkanismus" title="Vulkanismus – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vulkanismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulkanisme" title="Vulkanisme – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Vulkanisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulkanismus" title="Vulkanismus – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Vulkanismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%97%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1" title="Ηφαιστειότητα – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ηφαιστειότητα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanism" title="Volcanism – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Volcanism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulkanismo" title="Vulkanismo – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vulkanismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulcanismo" title="Vulcanismo – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vulcanismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulkanism" title="Vulkanism – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vulkanism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%81%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C" title="آتشفشان‌خیزی – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آتشفشان‌خیزی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulkanismi" title="Vulkanismi – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vulkanismi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolc%C3%A1nacht" title="Bolcánacht – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Bolcánacht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A2%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA" title="געשיות – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="געשיות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="ज्वालामुखीयता – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ज्वालामुखीयता" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulkanska_aktivnost" title="Vulkanska aktivnost – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Vulkanska aktivnost" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulkanizmus" title="Vulkanizmus – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vulkanizmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Հրաբխականություն – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հրաբխականություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulkanisme" title="Vulkanisme – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Vulkanisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulcanismo" title="Vulcanismo – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Vulcanismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8" title="火山作用 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="火山作用" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ვულკანიზმი – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვულკანიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Вулканизм – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Вулканизм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Вулканизм – kirghize" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Вулканизм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghize" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulcanismus" title="Vulcanismus – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Vulcanismus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulkanismus" title="Vulkanismus – luxembourgeois" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Vulkanismus" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxembourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B3lkanisme" title="Vólkanisme – limbourgeois" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Vólkanisme" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limbourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkanisme" title="Volkanisme – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Volkanisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulkanismus" title="Vulkanismus – bas-allemand" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Vulkanismus" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="bas-allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulkanisme" title="Vulkanisme – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vulkanisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulkanisme" title="Vulkanisme – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Vulkanisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wulkanizm" title="Wulkanizm – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wulkanizm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%81%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86" title="اتشفشان – pachto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اتشفشان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pachto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulcanism" title="Vulcanism – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Vulcanism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Вулканизм – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вулканизм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanism" title="Volcanism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Volcanism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sope%C4%8Dn%C3%A1_%C4%8Dinnos%C5%A5" title="Sopečná činnosť – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sopečná činnosť" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Вулканизам – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Вулканизам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulkanism" title="Vulkanism – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vulkanism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%B7%D3%A3" title="Оташфишонхезӣ – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Оташфишонхезӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkanizma" title="Volkanizma – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Volkanizma" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Вулканізм – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вулканізм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulkanizm" title="Vulkanizm – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Vulkanizm" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8" title="火山作用 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="火山作用" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q505748#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les 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mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Homonymie" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Confusion_colour.svg/20px-Confusion_colour.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Confusion_colour.svg/30px-Confusion_colour.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Confusion_colour.svg/40px-Confusion_colour.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Ne doit pas être confondu avec <a href="/wiki/Volcanologie" title="Volcanologie">Volcanologie</a>. </p> </div></div> <div class="bandeau-container metadata bandeau-article bandeau-niveau-ebauche"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Volcano.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Volcano.svg/35px-Volcano.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Volcano.svg/54px-Volcano.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Volcano.svg/71px-Volcano.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="552" data-file-height="546" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p><strong class="bandeau-titre">Cet article est une <a href="/wiki/Aide:%C3%89bauche" title="Aide:Ébauche">ébauche</a> concernant le <a href="/wiki/Volcan" title="Volcan">volcanisme</a>.</strong> </p><p>Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (<b><a href="/wiki/Aide:Comment_modifier_une_page" title="Aide:Comment modifier une page">comment ?</a></b>) selon les recommandations des <a href="/wiki/Projet:Accueil" title="Projet:Accueil">projets correspondants</a>. </p> </div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Magmatism_and_volcanism_FR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Magmatism_and_volcanism_FR.svg/220px-Magmatism_and_volcanism_FR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Magmatism_and_volcanism_FR.svg/330px-Magmatism_and_volcanism_FR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Magmatism_and_volcanism_FR.svg/440px-Magmatism_and_volcanism_FR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1162" data-file-height="893" /></a><figcaption>Représentation schématique des processus <a href="/wiki/Magma_(g%C3%A9ologie)" title="Magma (géologie)">magmatiques</a> et <a href="/wiki/Volcan" title="Volcan">volcaniques</a> de la <a href="/wiki/Terre" title="Terre">Terre</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Intrusion_types.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Intrusion_types.svg/220px-Intrusion_types.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Intrusion_types.svg/330px-Intrusion_types.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Intrusion_types.svg/440px-Intrusion_types.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1180" data-file-height="1263" /></a><figcaption>Types d'intrusions de base: 1. <a href="/wiki/Laccolite" title="Laccolite">Laccolite</a>; 2. Petite <a href="/wiki/Dyke" title="Dyke">Dyke</a>; 3. <a href="/wiki/Batholite" title="Batholite">Batholite</a>; 4. <a href="/wiki/Dyke" title="Dyke">Dyke</a> ou dike; 5. <a href="/wiki/Sill" title="Sill">Sill</a>; 6. <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B4ne_volcanique" title="Cône volcanique">Cône volcanique</a>; 7. <a href="/wiki/Lopolite" title="Lopolite">Lopolite</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Le <b>volcanisme</b> comprend l'ensemble des phénomènes naturels liés à l'activité des <a href="/wiki/Volcan" title="Volcan">volcans</a>, de la <a href="/wiki/Fusion_partielle" title="Fusion partielle">fusion partielle</a> d'un solide mantellique (<a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9ridotite" title="Péridotite">péridotite</a>) à l'origine des <a href="/wiki/Magma_(g%C3%A9ologie)" title="Magma (géologie)">magmas</a>, aux <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ruption_volcanique" title="Éruption volcanique">éruptions volcaniques</a>, ainsi qu'à l'ascension du magma contenu dans la croûte ou le manteau, et formant des roches volcaniques à la surface. Le volcanisme est un phénomène connu à la surface de la Terre, de plusieurs planètes (Mercure, Vénus, Mars) et différents satellites à surface solide (Lune, Io, Encelade, Triton, Titan).<br /> Il est étudié par une <a href="/wiki/Science" title="Science">science</a> appelée <a href="/wiki/Volcanologie" title="Volcanologie">volcanologie</a> pratiquée par des <a href="/wiki/Volcanologue" title="Volcanologue">volcanologues</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notions">Notions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volcanisme&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Notions" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volcanisme&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notions"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le magma provenant du <a href="/wiki/Manteau_terrestre" title="Manteau terrestre">manteau</a>, ou de la croûte inférieure, monte à travers la croûte vers la surface. Si le magma atteint la surface, son comportement dépend de la <a href="/wiki/Viscosit%C3%A9" title="Viscosité">viscosité</a> de la roche fondue qui le compose. Le magma visqueux (épais) produit des volcans caractérisés par des <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ruption_explosive" title="Éruption explosive">éruptions explosives</a>, tandis que le magma non visqueux (liquide) produit des volcans caractérisés par des <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ruption_effusive" title="Éruption effusive">éruptions effusives</a>.<br /> Le volcanisme effusif est caractérisé par l'émission de lave fluide rejetée lors de projections peu violentes et formant des <a href="/wiki/Coul%C3%A9e_de_lave" title="Coulée de lave">coulées</a>. Le volcanisme explosif est marqué quant à lui par l'émission de lave plus pâteuse au cours d'explosions parfois puissantes pouvant fragmenter la lave au point que celle-ci ne parvienne parfois pas à former de coulées mais prenne la forme d'importants <a href="/wiki/Panache_volcanique" title="Panache volcanique">panaches volcaniques</a> et des <a href="/wiki/Nu%C3%A9e_ardente" title="Nuée ardente">nuées ardentes</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.<br /> Dans certains cas, le magma ascendant peut se refroidir et se solidifier sans atteindre la surface. Au lieu de cela, la <a href="/wiki/Roche_magmatique" title="Roche magmatique">masse ignée</a> refroidie et solidifiée se cristallise à l'intérieur de la croûte pour former une intrusion ignée. Lorsque le magma se refroidit, les substances chimiques contenues dans les cristaux formés sont effectivement retirées du mélange principal du magma (par un processus connu sous le nom de <a href="/wiki/Cristallisation_fractionn%C3%A9e_(g%C3%A9ologie)" title="Cristallisation fractionnée (géologie)">cristallisation fractionnée</a>), de sorte que le contenu chimique du magma restant évolue au fur et à mesure qu'il se solidifie lentement. Les injections de magma frais non évolué peuvent remobiliser des magmas plus évolués, permettant ainsi des éruptions à partir de magmas plus visqueux. </p><p>Le volcanisme non lié à l'émission de lave se caractérise par les <a href="/wiki/Ph%C3%A9nom%C3%A8ne_paravolcanique" title="Phénomène paravolcanique">phénomènes paravolcaniques</a> tels que les <a href="/wiki/Fumerolle" title="Fumerolle">fumerolles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mofette" title="Mofette">mofettes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mare_de_boue" title="Mare de boue">mares de boue</a> et <a href="/wiki/Geyser" title="Geyser">geysers</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volcanisme&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volcanisme&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2021">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.science-et-vie.com/questions-reponses/en-images-quels-sont-les-differents-types-deruptions-volcaniques-1316.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">EN IMAGES : quels sont les différents types d'éruptions volcaniques ?</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">Science et vie</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-09-20" data-sort-value="2021-09-20">20 septembre 2021</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2024-07-20" data-sort-value="2024-07-20">20 juillet 2024</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2004">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/dossiers/volcanologie-risques-volcaniques-441/page/2/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Volcans et éruptions volcaniques : effusives, explosives, pliniennes…</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">Futura</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2004-11-08" data-sort-value="2004-11-08">8 novembre 2004</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2024-07-20" data-sort-value="2024-07-20">20 juillet 2024</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Detay,_Pierre_Thomas2013"><span class="ouvrage" id="Michel_Detay,_Pierre_Thomas2013">Michel Detay, Pierre Thomas, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://planet-terre.ens-lyon.fr/ressource/hydrovolcanologie.xml"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Hydrovolcanologie appliquée à la phase hydrothermale : fumeroles, solfatares, geysers, lacs acides, mofettes, sources chaudes…</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">planet-terre.ens-lyon.fr</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2013-03-25" data-sort-value="2013-03-25">25 mars 2013</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2024-07-20" data-sort-value="2024-07-20">20 juillet 2024</time>)</small></span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volcanisme&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volcanisme&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volcanisme&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volcanisme&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossaire_de_g%C3%A9ologie" title="Glossaire de géologie">Glossaire de géologie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volcan" title="Volcan">Volcan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volcanologie" title="Volcanologie">Volcanologie</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volcanisme&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volcanisme&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style><div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="commons"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Volcanism?uselang=fr">Volcanisme</a>, sur <span class="project">Wikimedia Commons</span></li><li class="wikiversity"><a href="https://fr.wikiversity.org/wiki/Volcanisme" class="extiw" title="v:Volcanisme">Volcanisme</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur <span class="project">Wikiversity</span></span></li> </ul> </div> <ul><li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers"><a href="/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_(sciences_de_l%27information)" title="Autorité (sciences de l'information)">Notices d'autorité</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q505748?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119337600">BnF</a></span> (<span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119337600">données</a></span>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85144255">LCCN</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4064081-4">GND</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX527272">Espagne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007543697605171">Israël</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aut.nkp.cz/ph116217">Tchéquie</a></span></li> </ul></div></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers">Notices dans des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q505748?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/volcanism"><i>Britannica</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://denstoredanske.lex.dk//vulkanisme/"><i>Den Store Danske Encyklopædi</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/EC-GEC-0151280.xml"><i>Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/vulkanism"><i>Nationalencyklopedin</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snl.no/vulkanisme"><i>Store norske leksikon</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/volcanisme-et-volcanologie/"><i>Universalis</i></a></li> </ul></div></li></ul> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span 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