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vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Christian subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Christian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Biblical" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biblical"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Biblical</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biblical-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecclesiastical" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecclesiastical"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Ecclesiastical</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecclesiastical-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Papal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Papal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Papal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Papal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medieval_and_early_modern_periods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medieval_and_early_modern_periods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Medieval and early modern periods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medieval_and_early_modern_periods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>South Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Southeast_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Southeast_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Southeast Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Southeast_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-East_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#East_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>East Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-East_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Modern period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>List</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-List-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle List subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-List-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Africa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Africa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>North America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Gallery subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Africa_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Africa_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Africa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Africa_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia-Pacific" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia-Pacific"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Asia-Pacific</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asia-Pacific-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>South America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Other uses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources_and_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources_and_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Sources and references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources_and_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Throne</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 56 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-56" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">56 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%B4" title="عرش – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عرش" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadiera_reyal" title="Cadiera reyal – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cadiera reyal" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxt" title="Taxt – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Taxt" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Трон – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Трон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Трон – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Трон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Трон – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Трон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tron" title="Tron – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Tron" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tron" title="Tron – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tron" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C5%AFn" title="Trůn – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Trůn" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trone" title="Trone – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Trone" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thron" title="Thron – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Thron" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troon" title="Troon – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Troon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trono" title="Trono – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Trono" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trono" title="Trono – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Trono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tronu" title="Tronu – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tronu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AA_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C" title="تخت پادشاهی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تخت پادشاهی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%B4ne" title="Trône – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Trône" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADchathaoir" title="Ríchathaoir – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ríchathaoir" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trono_(monarqu%C3%ADa)" title="Trono (monarquía) – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Trono (monarquía)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%96%B4%EC%A2%8C" title="어좌 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="어좌" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A1%D5%B0" title="Գահ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գահ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8" title="राजसिंहासन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="राजसिंहासन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prijestolje" title="Prijestolje – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Prijestolje" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trono" title="Trono – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Trono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takhta" title="Takhta – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Takhta" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trono" title="Trono – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Trono" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%A1" title="כס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%A8" title="ಸಿಂಹಾಸನ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಿಂಹಾಸನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troun" title="Troun – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Troun" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%B3n" title="Trón – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Trón" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8" title="सिंहासन – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सिंहासन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singgahsana" title="Singgahsana – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Singgahsana" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B9%E1%80%9C%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="ပလ္လင် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပလ္လင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troon" title="Troon – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Troon" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80" title="गडी – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="गडी" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%89%E5%BA%A7" title="玉座 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="玉座" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Трон – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Трон" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tronstol" title="Tronstol – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tronstol" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxt" title="Taxt – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Taxt" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tron" title="Tron – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Tron" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trono" title="Trono – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Trono" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tron" title="Tron – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tron" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Трон – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Трон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Froni" title="Froni – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Froni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Throne" title="Throne – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Throne" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%B3n" title="Trón – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Trón" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prestol" title="Prestol – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Prestol" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%95%D8%AE%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A7" title="تەختی پاشا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تەختی پاشا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Престо – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Престо" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tron" title="Tron – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Tron" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valtaistuin" title="Valtaistuin – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Valtaistuin" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tron" title="Tron – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tron" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taht" title="Taht – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Taht" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Seat of state of a potentate or dignitary</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about royal and ecclesiastical thrones. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Throne_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Throne (disambiguation)">Throne (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dais_2_(PSF).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Dais_2_%28PSF%29.png/220px-Dais_2_%28PSF%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Dais_2_%28PSF%29.png/330px-Dais_2_%28PSF%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Dais_2_%28PSF%29.png/440px-Dais_2_%28PSF%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1410" data-file-height="1706" /></a><figcaption>A drawing of a throne, on a <a href="/wiki/Dais" title="Dais">dais</a> under a <a href="/wiki/Baldachin" title="Baldachin">baldachin</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>throne</b> is the seat of state of a potentate or <a href="/wiki/Dignitary" title="Dignitary">dignitary</a>, especially the seat occupied by a <a href="/wiki/Sovereign" title="Sovereign">sovereign</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Viceroy" title="Viceroy">viceroy</a>) on state occasions; or the seat occupied by a <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> or <a href="/wiki/Bishop" title="Bishop">bishop</a> on ceremonial occasions.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Throne" in an abstract sense can also refer to the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy" title="Monarchy">monarchy</a> itself, an instance of <a href="/wiki/Metonymy" title="Metonymy">metonymy</a>, and is also used in many expressions such as "<a href="/wiki/Power_behind_the_throne" title="Power behind the throne">the power behind the throne</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A throne is a symbol of divine and secular rule and the establishment of a throne as a defining sign of the claim to power and authority. It can be with a high backrest and feature heraldic animals or other decorations as adornment and as a sign of power and strength. A throne can be placed underneath a canopy or <a href="/wiki/Baldachin" title="Baldachin">baldachin</a>. The throne can stand on steps or a <a href="/wiki/Dais" title="Dais">dais</a> and is thus always elevated. The expression "ascend (mount) the throne" takes its meaning from the steps leading up to the dais or platform, on which the throne is placed, being formerly comprised in the word's significance.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">Coats of arms</a> or insignia can feature on throne or canopy and represent the <a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">dynasty</a>. Even in the physical absence of the ruler an empty throne can symbolise the everlasting presence of the monarchical authority. </p><p>When used in a political or governmental sense, a throne typically exists in a civilization, nation, tribe, or other politically designated group that is organized or governed under a <a href="/wiki/Monarchy" title="Monarchy">monarchical</a> system. Throughout much of human history societies have been governed under monarchical systems, in the beginning as <a href="/wiki/Autocracy" title="Autocracy">autocratic</a> systems and later evolved in most cases as <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy" title="Constitutional monarchy">constitutional monarchies</a> within liberal democratic systems, resulting in a wide variety of thrones that have been used by given heads of state. These have ranged from <a href="/wiki/Stool_(seat)" title="Stool (seat)">stools</a> in places such as in Africa to ornate chairs and bench-like designs in Europe and Asia, respectively. Often, but not always, a throne is tied to a philosophical or religious <a href="/wiki/Ideology" title="Ideology">ideology</a> held by the nation or people in question, which serves a dual role in unifying the people under the reigning monarch and connecting the monarch upon the throne to his or her predecessors, who sat upon the throne previously. Accordingly, many thrones are typically held to have been constructed or fabricated out of rare or hard to find materials that may be valuable or important to the land in question. Depending on the size of the throne in question it may be large and ornately designed as an emplaced instrument of a nation's power, or it may be a symbolic chair with little or no precious materials incorporated into the design. </p><p>When used in a religious sense, throne can refer to one of two distinct uses. The first use derives from the practice in churches of having a <a href="/wiki/Bishop" title="Bishop">bishop</a> or higher-ranking religious official (<a href="/wiki/Archbishop" title="Archbishop">archbishop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a>, etc.) sit on a special chair which in church referred to by written sources as a "throne", or “cathedra” (Latin for 'chair') and is intended to allow such high-ranking religious officials a place to sit in their place of worship. The other use for throne refers to a belief among many of the world's <a href="/wiki/Monotheism" title="Monotheism">monotheistic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Polytheism" title="Polytheism">polytheistic</a> religions that the deity or deities that they worship are seated on a throne. Such beliefs go back to ancient times, and can be seen in surviving artwork and texts which discuss the idea of ancient gods (such as the <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Twelve Olympians</a>) seated on thrones. In the major <a href="/wiki/Abrahamic_religions" title="Abrahamic religions">Abrahamic religions</a> of <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Throne_of_God" title="Throne of God">Throne of Yahweh</a> is attested to in religious scriptures and teachings, although the origin, nature, and idea of the Throne of Yahweh in these religions differs according to the given religious ideology practiced. </p><p>In the west, a throne is most identified as the seat upon which a person holding the title <i><a href="/wiki/King" title="King">King</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Queen_regnant" title="Queen regnant">Queen</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/King" title="King">Emperor</a></i>, or <i><a href="/wiki/Queen_regnant" title="Queen regnant">Empress</a></i> sits in a nation using a <a href="/wiki/Monarchy" title="Monarchy">monarchy</a> political system, although there are a few exceptions, notably with regards to religious officials such as the pope and bishops of various sects of the Christian faith. Changing geo-political tides have resulted in the collapse of several dictatorial and autocratic governments, which in turn have left a number of throne chairs empty. Many of these thrones—such as China's <a href="/wiki/Dragon_Throne" title="Dragon Throne">Dragon Throne</a>—survive today as historic examples of nation's previous government. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Antiquity">Antiquity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Antiquity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King_Solomon_on_throne.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/98/King_Solomon_on_throne.jpg/250px-King_Solomon_on_throne.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/98/King_Solomon_on_throne.jpg/330px-King_Solomon_on_throne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/98/King_Solomon_on_throne.jpg/500px-King_Solomon_on_throne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1566" data-file-height="1710" /></a><figcaption>Fanciful depiction of <a href="/wiki/Solomon" title="Solomon">Solomon</a> on his throne</figcaption></figure> <p>Thrones were found throughout the canon of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_furniture" title="Ancient furniture">ancient furniture</a>. The depiction of <a href="/wiki/Monarch" title="Monarch">monarchs</a> and deities as seated on chairs is a common topos in the iconography of the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Near_East" title="Ancient Near East">Ancient Near East</a>. </p><p>The word <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/throne" class="extiw" title="wikt:throne">throne</a></i> itself is from <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Greek</a> <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B8%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82" class="extiw" title="wikt:θρόνος">θρόνος</a> (<i>thronos</i>), "seat, chair",<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in origin a derivation from the <a href="/wiki/PIE" class="mw-redirect" title="PIE">PIE</a> root <i><span title="Proto-Indo-European-language text" class="Unicode" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span lang="ine">*dher-</span></span></i> "to support" (also in <i><a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">dharma</a></i> "post, sacrificial pole"). Early Greek Διὸς θρόνους (<i>Dios thronous</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a term for the "support of the heavens", i.e. the <a href="/wiki/Axis_mundi" title="Axis mundi">axis mundi</a>, which term when <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> became an anthropomorphic god was imagined as the "seat of Zeus".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Ancient Greek, a "thronos" was a specific but ordinary type of chair with a <a href="/wiki/Footstool" title="Footstool">footstool</a>, a high status object but not necessarily with any connotations of power. The <a href="/wiki/Achaeans_(Homer)" title="Achaeans (Homer)">Achaeans</a> (according to <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>) were known to place additional, empty thrones in the royal <a href="/wiki/Palace" title="Palace">palaces</a> and <a href="/wiki/Temple" title="Temple">temples</a> so that the gods could be seated when they wished to be. The most famous of these thrones was the throne of Apollo in <a href="/wiki/Amyclae" title="Amyclae">Amyclae</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Romans</a> also had two types of thrones—one for the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Emperor">emperor</a> and one for the goddess <a href="/wiki/Roma_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roma (mythology)">Roma</a> whose statues were seated upon thrones, which became centers of worship. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Persia">Persia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Persia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Museum_of_Iran_Darafsh_(785).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/National_Museum_of_Iran_Darafsh_%28785%29.JPG/250px-National_Museum_of_Iran_Darafsh_%28785%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/National_Museum_of_Iran_Darafsh_%28785%29.JPG/330px-National_Museum_of_Iran_Darafsh_%28785%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/National_Museum_of_Iran_Darafsh_%28785%29.JPG/500px-National_Museum_of_Iran_Darafsh_%28785%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="4928" /></a><figcaption>Stone relief depicting <a href="/wiki/Xerxes_the_Great" class="mw-redirect" title="Xerxes the Great">Xerxes the Great</a> seated on a throne</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a>, the traditional name of the throne is the <i>Takht-e <a href="/wiki/Padishah" title="Padishah">Padeshah</a></i>. From the <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid" class="mw-redirect" title="Achaemenid">Achaemenid</a> era to the last Iranian dynasty <a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_dynasty" title="Pahlavi dynasty">Pahlavi</a>, the throne was used for sitting <a href="/wiki/Shah" title="Shah">shahs</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hebrew_Bible">Hebrew Bible</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Hebrew Bible"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word "throne" in <a href="/wiki/English_translations_of_the_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="English translations of the Bible">English translations of the Bible</a> renders <a href="/wiki/Biblical_Hebrew" title="Biblical Hebrew">Hebrew</a> <span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he" dir="rtl">כסא</span></span> <i><span title="Hebrew-language text"><i lang="he-Latn">kissē'</i></span></i>. The <a href="/wiki/Pharaoh_of_the_Exodus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pharaoh of the Exodus">pharaoh of the Exodus</a> is described as sitting on a throne (Exodus 11:5, 12:29), but mostly the term refers to the throne of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel_(united_monarchy)" title="Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy)">kingdom of Israel</a>, often called the "throne of <a href="/wiki/David" title="David">David</a>" or "throne of <a href="/wiki/Solomon" title="Solomon">Solomon</a>". The literal throne of Solomon is described in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt09a10.htm#18">1 Kings 10:18–20</a>: "Moreover the king made a great throne of ivory, and overlaid it with the best gold.. The throne had six steps, and the top of the throne was round behind: and there were stays on either side on the place of the seat, and two lions stood beside the stays. And twelve lions stood there on the one side and on the other upon the six steps: there was not the like made in any kingdom." In the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Esther" title="Book of Esther">Book of Esther</a> (5:3), the same word refers to the throne of the king of Persia. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Yahweh" title="Yahweh">God of Israel</a> himself is frequently described as sitting on a throne, referred to outside of the Bible as the <a href="/wiki/Throne_of_God" title="Throne of God">Throne of God</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Psalms" title="Psalms">Psalms</a>, and in a vision <a href="/wiki/Isaiah" title="Isaiah">Isaiah</a> (6:1), and notably in Isaiah 66:1, <a href="/wiki/YHWH" class="mw-redirect" title="YHWH">YHWH</a> says of himself "The heaven is my throne, and the earth is my footstool" (this verse is alluded to by <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Matthew" title="Gospel of Matthew">Matthew</a> 5:34-35). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Christian">Christian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Christian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cathedra" title="Cathedra">Cathedra</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biblical">Biblical</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Biblical"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saint_John_on_Patmos.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Saint_John_on_Patmos.jpg/170px-Saint_John_on_Patmos.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Saint_John_on_Patmos.jpg/255px-Saint_John_on_Patmos.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Saint_John_on_Patmos.jpg/340px-Saint_John_on_Patmos.jpg 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1420" /></a><figcaption>Vision of <a href="/wiki/John_of_Patmos" title="John of Patmos">John of Patmos</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Revelation" title="Book of Revelation">Book of Revelation</a> (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Revelation#4:4" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Revelation">4:4</a>)—four <a href="/wiki/Seraphim" class="mw-redirect" title="Seraphim">seraphim</a> surround the throne of Christ, twenty-four elders sit on thrones to either side (<span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_Duc_de_Berry" title="Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry">Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry</a></i></span>)</figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a>, <a href="/wiki/Books_of_Kings" title="Books of Kings">Book of Kings I</a> explicits the throne of Solomon: "Then the king made a great throne covered with ivory and overlaid with fine gold. The throne had six steps, and its back had a rounded top. On both sides of the seat were armrests, with a lion standing beside each of them. Twelve lions stood on the six steps, one at either end of each step" in Chapter 10 18-20.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a>, the angel <a href="/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a> also refers to this throne in the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Luke" title="Gospel of Luke">Gospel of Luke</a> (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Luke#1:32" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Luke">1:32–33</a>): "He will be great, and will be called the Son of the Highest; and the <a href="/wiki/Lord" title="Lord">Lord</a> <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a> will give Him the throne of His father David. And He will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and of His kingdom there will be no end." </p><p><a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> promised his <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Apostles" class="mw-redirect" title="Twelve Apostles">apostles</a> that they would sit upon "twelve thrones", judging the <a href="/wiki/Twelve_tribes_of_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Twelve tribes of Israel">twelve tribes of Israel</a> (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Matthew#19:28" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Matthew">Matthew 19:28</a>). <a href="/wiki/John_the_Evangelist" title="John the Evangelist">John</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Revelation" title="Book of Revelation">Revelation</a> states: "And I saw a great white throne, and him that sat on it, from whose face the earth and the heaven fled away" (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Revelation#20:11" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Revelation">Revelation 20:11</a>). </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Paul_of_Tarsus" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul of Tarsus">Apostle Paul</a> speaks of "<a href="/wiki/Throne_(angel)" title="Throne (angel)">thrones</a>" in <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Colossians#1:16" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Colossians">Colossians 1:16</a>. <a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Dionysius_the_Areopagite" title="Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite">Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite</a>, in his work <i><a href="/wiki/De_Coelesti_Hierarchia" title="De Coelesti Hierarchia">De Coelesti Hierarchia</a></i> (VI.7), interprets this as referring to one of the ranks of <a href="/wiki/Angel" title="Angel">angels</a> (corresponding to the Hebrew <i>Arelim</i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Ophanim" title="Ophanim">Ophanim</a></i>). This concept was expanded upon by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Thomas Aquinas</a> in his <i><a href="/wiki/Summa_Theologica" title="Summa Theologica">Summa Theologica</a></i> (I.108), wherein the thrones are concerned with carrying out divine justice. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Medieval" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval">Medieval</a> times the "Throne of Solomon" was associated with the <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Virgin Mary">Virgin Mary</a>, who was depicted as the <a href="/wiki/Session_of_Christ" title="Session of Christ">throne upon which Jesus sat</a>. The ivory in the biblical description of the Throne of Solomon was interpreted as representing purity, the gold representing divinity, and the six steps of the throne stood for the six <a href="/wiki/Virtues" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtues">virtues</a>. <a href="/wiki/Psalm_45:9" class="mw-redirect" title="Psalm 45:9">Psalm 45:9</a> was also interpreted as referring to the Virgin Mary, with the entire Psalm describing a royal throne room. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ecclesiastical">Ecclesiastical</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Ecclesiastical"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Patriarch_of_Constantinople_throne.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Patriarch_of_Constantinople_throne.jpg/250px-Patriarch_of_Constantinople_throne.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Patriarch_of_Constantinople_throne.jpg/330px-Patriarch_of_Constantinople_throne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Patriarch_of_Constantinople_throne.jpg/500px-Patriarch_of_Constantinople_throne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="675" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Throne of the ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople in the <a href="/wiki/Phanar" class="mw-redirect" title="Phanar">Phanar</a>, Istanbul. On the dais the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_Book" title="Gospel Book">Gospel</a> is <a href="/wiki/Hetoimasia" title="Hetoimasia">enthroned</a> on a <a href="/wiki/Curule_chair" class="mw-redirect" title="Curule chair">curule chair</a>, in front of it, lower down is the patriarch's throne.</figcaption></figure> <p>From ancient times, <a href="/wiki/Bishop" title="Bishop">bishops</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox">Eastern Orthodox</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglican</a> and other churches where episcopal offices exist, have been formally seated on a throne, called a <i><a href="/wiki/Cathedra" title="Cathedra">cathedra</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">κάθεδρα, seat</span>). Traditionally located in the <a href="/wiki/Sanctuary" title="Sanctuary">sanctuary</a>, the cathedra symbolizes the bishop's authority to teach the faith (hence the expression "<a href="/wiki/Ex_cathedra" class="mw-redirect" title="Ex cathedra">ex cathedra</a>") and to govern his flock. </p><p><i>Ex cathedra</i> refers to the explicative authority, notably the extremely rarely used procedure required for a papal declaration to be '<a href="/wiki/Papal_infallibility" title="Papal infallibility">infallible</a>' under Roman Catholic <a href="/wiki/Canon_law_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canon law (Catholic Church)">canon law</a>. In several languages the word deriving from <i>cathedra</i> is commonly used for an academic teaching mandate, the professorial chair. </p><p>From the presence of this cathedra (throne), which can be as elaborate and precious as fits a secular prince (even if the prelate is not a <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_the_church" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince of the church">prince of the church</a> in the secular sense), a bishop's primary church is called a <i><a href="/wiki/Cathedral" title="Cathedral">cathedral</a></i>. In the Roman Catholic Church, a <a href="/wiki/Basilica" title="Basilica">basilica</a>—from the Greek <i>basilikos</i> 'royal'—now refers to the presence there of a papal <a href="/wiki/Baldachin" title="Baldachin">canopy</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Ombrellino" class="mw-redirect" title="Ombrellino">ombrellino</a></i>), part of his <a href="/wiki/Papal_regalia_and_insignia" title="Papal regalia and insignia">regalia</a>, and applies mainly to many cathedrals and Catholic churches of similar importance or splendor. In <a href="/wiki/Roman_Antiquity" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Antiquity">Roman Antiquity</a> a basilica was secular public hall. Thus, the term basilica may also refer to a church designed after the manner of the ancient Roman basilica. Many of the churches built by the emperor <a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine the Great</a> and <a href="/wiki/Justinian" class="mw-redirect" title="Justinian">Justinian</a> are of the basilica style. </p><p>Some other <a href="/wiki/Prelates" class="mw-redirect" title="Prelates">prelates</a> besides bishops are permitted the use of thrones, such as <a href="/wiki/Abbot" title="Abbot">abbots</a> and <a href="/wiki/Abbess" title="Abbess">abbesses</a>. These are often simpler than the thrones used by bishops and there may be restrictions on the style and ornamentation used on them, according to the regulations and traditions of the particular denomination. </p><p>As a mark of distinction, Roman Catholic bishops and higher prelates have a right to a canopy above their thrones at certain ecclesiastical functions. It is sometimes granted by special <a href="/wiki/Privilege_(canon_law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Privilege (canon law)">privilege</a> to prelates inferior to bishops, but always with limitations as to the days on which it may be used and the character of its ornamentation. The <a href="/wiki/Liturgical_colour" class="mw-redirect" title="Liturgical colour">liturgical color</a> of the canopy should correspond with that of the other vestments. When ruling monarchs attend services, they are also allowed to be seated on a throne that is covered by a canopy, but their seats must be outside the sanctuary.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Church" title="Greek Orthodox Church">Greek Orthodox Church</a>, the bishop's throne will often combine features of the monastic choir stall (<i><a href="/wiki/Kathisma" title="Kathisma">kathisma</a></i>) with appurtenances inherited from the Byzantine court, such as a pair of lions seated at the foot of the throne. </p><p>The term "throne" is often used in reference to <a href="/wiki/Patriarchs" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriarchs">patriarchs</a> to designate their ecclesiastical authority; for instance, "the Ecumenical Throne" refers to the authority of the <a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_patriarch_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople">ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople</a>. </p><p>Western bishops may also use a <a href="/wiki/Faldstool" title="Faldstool">faldstool</a> to fulfill the liturgical purpose of the cathedra when not in their own cathedral. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Papal">Papal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Papal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cathedra_Petri_-_carolingian_throne.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Cathedra_Petri_-_carolingian_throne.jpg/170px-Cathedra_Petri_-_carolingian_throne.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Cathedra_Petri_-_carolingian_throne.jpg/255px-Cathedra_Petri_-_carolingian_throne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Cathedra_Petri_-_carolingian_throne.jpg/340px-Cathedra_Petri_-_carolingian_throne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="972" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption>Drawing of the <i><a href="/wiki/Chair_of_Saint_Peter" title="Chair of Saint Peter">Cathedra Sancti Petri</a></i>, in St. Peter's Basilica, Rome</figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Church</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> is an <a href="/wiki/Elective_monarchy" title="Elective monarchy">elected monarch</a>, both under <a href="/wiki/Canon_law_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canon law (Catholic Church)">canon law</a> as <a href="/wiki/Papal_supremacy" title="Papal supremacy">supreme head of the church</a>, and under <a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">international law</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a>—styled "sovereign pontiff"—of the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican City State">Vatican City State</a> (the sovereign state within the city of Rome established by the 1929 <a href="/wiki/Lateran_Treaty" title="Lateran Treaty">Lateran Treaty</a>). Until 1870, the pope was the elected monarch of the <a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a>, which for centuries constituted one of the largest political powers on the divided Italian peninsula. To this day, the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> maintains officially recognised diplomatic status, and papal <a href="/wiki/Nuncio" title="Nuncio">nuncios</a> and <a href="/wiki/Papal_legate" title="Papal legate">legates</a> are deputed on <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_mission" title="Diplomatic mission">diplomatic missions</a> throughout the world. </p><p>The pope's throne (<i>Cathedra Romana</i>) is located in the <a href="/wiki/Apse" title="Apse">apse</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Archbasilica_of_St._John_Lateran" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbasilica of St. John Lateran">Archbasilica of St. John Lateran</a>, his <a href="/wiki/Cathedral" title="Cathedral">cathedral</a> as <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Rome">Bishop of Rome</a>. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Apse" title="Apse">apse</a> of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter%27s_Basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Peter's Basilica">Saint Peter's Basilica</a>, above the "Altar of the Chair" lies the <a href="/wiki/Chair_of_Saint_Peter" title="Chair of Saint Peter"><i>Cathedra Petri</i></a>, a throne believed to have been used by St Peter himself and other earlier popes; this <a href="/wiki/Relic" title="Relic">relic</a> is enclosed in a gilt bronze casting and forms part of a huge monument designed by <a href="/wiki/Gian_Lorenzo_Bernini" title="Gian Lorenzo Bernini">Gian Lorenzo Bernini</a>. </p><p>Unlike at his cathedral (Archbasilica of St. John Lateran), there is no permanent <i><a href="/wiki/Cathedra" title="Cathedra">cathedra</a></i> for the pope in St Peter's Basilica, so a removable throne is placed in the basilica for the pope's use whenever he presides over a liturgical ceremony. Prior to the liturgical reforms that occurred in the wake of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a>, a huge removable canopied throne was placed above an equally removable dais in the choir side of the "Altar of the Confession" (the <a href="/wiki/High_altar" class="mw-redirect" title="High altar">high altar</a> above the tomb of St Peter and beneath the monumental bronze <a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_baldachin" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Peter's baldachin">baldachin</a>); this throne stood between the apse and the Altar of the Confession. </p><p>This practice has fallen out of use with the 1960s and 1970s reform of Papal liturgy and, whenever the pope celebrates Mass in St. Peter's Basilica, a simpler portable throne is now placed on platform in front of the Altar of the Confession. Whenever Pope <a href="/wiki/Benedict_XVI" class="mw-redirect" title="Benedict XVI">Benedict XVI</a> celebrated the <a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_the_Hours" title="Liturgy of the Hours">Liturgy of the Hours</a> at St Peter's, a more elaborate removable throne was placed on a dais to the side of the Altar of the Chair. When the pope celebrates Mass on the basilica steps facing <a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Square" title="St. Peter's Square">St. Peter's Square</a>, portable thrones are also used. </p><p>In the past, the pope was also carried on occasions in a portable throne, called the <i><a href="/wiki/Sedia_gestatoria" title="Sedia gestatoria">sedia gestatoria</a></i>. Originally, the <i>sedia</i> was used as part of the elaborate procession surrounding papal ceremonies that was believed to be the most direct heir of <a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">pharaonic</a> splendor, and included a pair of <a href="/wiki/Flabellum" title="Flabellum">flabella</a> (fans made from ostrich feathers) to either side. <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_I" title="Pope John Paul I">Pope John Paul I</a> at first abandoned the use of these implements, but later in his brief reign began to use the <i>sedia</i> so that he could be seen more easily by the crowds. The use of the <i>sedia</i> was abandoned by <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> in favor of the so-called "<a href="/wiki/Popemobile" title="Popemobile">popemobile</a>" when outside. Near the end of his pontificate, Pope John Paul II had a specially constructed throne on wheels that could be used inside. </p><p>Prior to 1978, at the <a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave" title="Papal conclave">papal conclave</a>, each <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal (Catholic)">cardinal</a> was seated on a throne in the <a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel" title="Sistine Chapel">Sistine Chapel</a> during the balloting. Each throne had a <a href="/wiki/Baldachin" title="Baldachin">canopy</a> over it. After a successful election, once the new pope accepted election and decided by what name he would be known, the cardinals would all lower their canopies, leaving only the canopy over the newly elected pope. This was the new pope's first throne. This tradition was dramatically portrayed in the 1968 film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Shoes_of_the_Fisherman_(movie)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Shoes of the Fisherman (movie)">The Shoes of the Fisherman</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medieval_and_early_modern_periods">Medieval and early modern periods</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Medieval and early modern periods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aachener_Dom_BW_2016-07-09_13-53-18.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Aachener_Dom_BW_2016-07-09_13-53-18.jpg/170px-Aachener_Dom_BW_2016-07-09_13-53-18.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Aachener_Dom_BW_2016-07-09_13-53-18.jpg/255px-Aachener_Dom_BW_2016-07-09_13-53-18.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Aachener_Dom_BW_2016-07-09_13-53-18.jpg/340px-Aachener_Dom_BW_2016-07-09_13-53-18.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3913" data-file-height="3988" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Throne_of_Charlemagne" title="Throne of Charlemagne">Throne of Charlemagne</a> at <a href="/wiki/Aachen_Cathedral" title="Aachen Cathedral">Aachen Cathedral</a> (790s)</figcaption></figure> <p>In European feudal countries, monarchs often were seated on thrones, based in all likelihood on the <a href="/wiki/Curule_seat" title="Curule seat">Roman magisterial chair</a>. These thrones were originally quite simple, especially when compared to their Asian counterparts.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In practice, any chair the monarch occupied in a formal setting served as a "throne", though there were often special chairs used only for this purpose, kept in places the monarch often went to. Thrones began to be made in pairs, for the king and queen, which remained common in later periods. Sometimes they are identical, or the queen's throne may be slightly less grand.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The 10th-century throne of the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire"> Byzantine emperor</a>, placed in a dedicated throne hall, the <a href="/wiki/Magnaura" title="Magnaura">Magnaura</a>, included elaborate <a href="/wiki/Automaton" title="Automaton">automatons</a> of singing birds and moving animals.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 10th-century throne of <a href="/wiki/Ivan_the_Terrible" title="Ivan the Terrible">Ivan "the Terrible"</a> (r. 1533-1584), dating from the mid-16th century, it is a product of <a href="/wiki/West_European" class="mw-redirect" title="West European">West European</a> <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a>. It is shaped as a high-backed chair with arm rests, and adorned with ivory and walrus bone plaques intricately carved with mythological, heraldic and life scenes. Some carvings, depicting scenes from the biblical account of <a href="/wiki/King_David" class="mw-redirect" title="King David">King David</a>'s life, are of particular relevance, as David was seen as the ideal for Christian monarchs.<sup id="cite_ref-Kreml_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kreml-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although medieval examples tended to be retained in the <a href="/wiki/Early_modern_period" title="Early modern period">early modern period</a>, having acquired the aura of tradition, when new thrones were made they either continued medieval styles or were just very grand and elaborate versions of contemporary chairs or armchairs.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="South_Asia">South Asia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: South Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sixteen_views_of_monuments_in_Delhi_Peacock_Throne_Red_Fort_Delhi_1850.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Sixteen_views_of_monuments_in_Delhi_Peacock_Throne_Red_Fort_Delhi_1850.png/250px-Sixteen_views_of_monuments_in_Delhi_Peacock_Throne_Red_Fort_Delhi_1850.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Sixteen_views_of_monuments_in_Delhi_Peacock_Throne_Red_Fort_Delhi_1850.png/330px-Sixteen_views_of_monuments_in_Delhi_Peacock_Throne_Red_Fort_Delhi_1850.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Sixteen_views_of_monuments_in_Delhi_Peacock_Throne_Red_Fort_Delhi_1850.png/500px-Sixteen_views_of_monuments_in_Delhi_Peacock_Throne_Red_Fort_Delhi_1850.png 2x" data-file-width="712" data-file-height="534" /></a><figcaption>Painting of the (later) <a href="/wiki/Peacock_Throne" title="Peacock Throne">Peacock Throne</a> in the <i><a href="/wiki/Diwan-i-Khas_(Red_Fort)" title="Diwan-i-Khas (Red Fort)">Diwan-i-Khas</a></i> of the Red Fort, around 1850</figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a>, the traditional <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> name for the throne was <i>siṃhāsana</i> (lit., seat of a lion). In the <a href="/wiki/Mughal_era" class="mw-redirect" title="Mughal era">Mughal</a> times the throne was called <i>Shāhī takht</i> (<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ˈʃaːhiː<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈtəxt]</span>). The term <i>gadi</i><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <i>gaddi</i> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Hindustani pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="hns-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hindi_and_Urdu" title="Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu">[ˈɡəd̪ːi]</a></span>, also called <i>rājgaddī</i>) referred to a seat with a cushion used as a throne by Indian princes.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That term was usually used for the throne of a Hindu <a href="/wiki/Princely_state" title="Princely state">princely state</a>'s ruler, while among Muslim princes or Nawabs, save exceptions such as the <a href="/wiki/Travancore_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Travancore State">Travancore State</a> royal family,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the term <i>musnad</i> (<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ˈməsnəd]</span>), also spelt as <i>musnud</i>, was more common, even though both seats were similar. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Throne_of_Jahangir" title="Throne of Jahangir">Throne of Jahangir</a> was built by Mughal emperor <a href="/wiki/Jahangir" title="Jahangir">Jahangir</a> in 1602 and is located at the <i><a href="/wiki/Diwan-i-Khas_(Red_Fort)" title="Diwan-i-Khas (Red Fort)">Diwan-i-Khas</a></i> (hall of private audience) at the <a href="/wiki/Agra_Fort" title="Agra Fort">Agra Fort</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Peacock_Throne" title="Peacock Throne">Peacock Throne</a> was the seat of the <a href="/wiki/Mughal_emperors" class="mw-redirect" title="Mughal emperors">Mughal emperors</a> of India. It was commissioned in the early 17th century by Emperor <a href="/wiki/Shah_Jahan" title="Shah Jahan">Shah Jahan</a> and was located in the <a href="/wiki/Red_Fort" title="Red Fort">Red Fort</a> of Delhi. The original throne was subsequently captured and taken as a war trophy in 1739 by the Persian king <a href="/wiki/Nadir_Shah" class="mw-redirect" title="Nadir Shah">Nadir Shah</a> and has been lost ever since. A replacement throne based on the original was commissioned afterwards and existed until the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857" title="Indian Rebellion of 1857">Indian Rebellion of 1857</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Maharaja_Ranjit_Singh%27s_throne" title="Maharaja Ranjit Singh's throne">Maharaja Ranjit Singh's throne</a> was made by the goldsmith Hafez Muhammad Multani about 1820 to 1830. Made of wood and resin core, covered with sheets of repoussé, chased and engraved gold.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Golden Throne or <a href="/wiki/Chinnada_Simhasana" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinnada Simhasana">Chinnada Simhasana</a> or <a href="/wiki/Ratna_Simahasana" class="mw-redirect" title="Ratna Simahasana">Ratna Simahasana</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kannada" title="Kannada">Kannada</a> is the royal seat of the rulers of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mysore" title="Kingdom of Mysore">Kingdom of Mysore</a>. The Golden Throne is kept at Mysore Palace. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Southeast_Asia">Southeast Asia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Southeast Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saya_Chone%27s_%22Royal_Audience%22.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Saya_Chone%27s_%22Royal_Audience%22.png/170px-Saya_Chone%27s_%22Royal_Audience%22.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Saya_Chone%27s_%22Royal_Audience%22.png/255px-Saya_Chone%27s_%22Royal_Audience%22.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Saya_Chone%27s_%22Royal_Audience%22.png/340px-Saya_Chone%27s_%22Royal_Audience%22.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Painting of the Burmese royal throne in the shape of a <i>palin</i></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Palin_(throne)" title="Palin (throne)">Palin (throne)</a></div> <p>In Burma, the traditional name for a throne is <i><a href="/wiki/Palin_(throne)" title="Palin (throne)">palin</a>,</i> from the <a href="/wiki/Pali" title="Pali">Pali</a> term <i>pallaṅka</i>, which means "couch" or "sofa." The Burmese <i>palin</i> in pre-colonial times was used to seat the sovereign and his main consort, and is today used to seat religious leaders such as <a href="/wiki/Sayadaw" title="Sayadaw">sayadaws</a>, and images of the Buddha. Royal thrones are called <i>yazapalin</i> (ရာဇပလ္လင်), while thrones seating images or statues of the Buddha are called <i>gaw pallin</i> (ဂေါ့ပလ္လင်) or <i>samakhan</i> (စမ္မခဏ်), from the Pali term <i>sammakhaṇḍa</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="East_Asia">East Asia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: East Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Imperial_throne.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Imperial_throne.jpg/250px-Imperial_throne.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Imperial_throne.jpg/330px-Imperial_throne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Imperial_throne.jpg/500px-Imperial_throne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2056" data-file-height="1779" /></a><figcaption>The <i>Takamikura</i> throne kept in the Kyoto Imperial Palace is used for accession ceremonies. The metonym "<a href="/wiki/Chrysanthemum_Throne" title="Chrysanthemum Throne">Chrysanthemum Throne</a>" is also used.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Dragon_Throne" title="Dragon Throne">Dragon Throne</a> is the term used to identify the throne of the <a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_China" title="Emperor of China">emperor of China</a>. As the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_dragon" title="Chinese dragon">dragon</a> was the emblem of divine imperial power, the throne of the emperor, who was considered a living <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">god</a>, was known as the Dragon Throne.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term can refer to very specific seating, as in the special seating in various structures in the <a href="/wiki/Forbidden_City" title="Forbidden City">Forbidden City</a> of <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a> or in the palaces of the <a href="/wiki/Old_Summer_Palace" title="Old Summer Palace">Old Summer Palace</a>. In an abstract sense, the "Dragon Throne" also refers <a href="/wiki/Rhetorically" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhetorically">rhetorically</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a> and to the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy" title="Monarchy">monarchy</a> itself.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Daoguang_Emperor" title="Daoguang Emperor">Daoguang Emperor</a> is said to have referred to his throne as "the divine <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/utensil" class="extiw" title="wikt:utensil">utensil</a>." </p><p>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imperial_Throne_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imperial Throne of Vietnam (page does not exist)">throne</a> of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Vietnam" title="List of monarchs of Vietnam">emperors</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> are often referred to as <i>ngai vàng</i> ("golden throne") or <i>ngôi báu</i> (大寳/寶座) literally "great precious" (seat/position). The throne is always adorned with the pattern and motif of the <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_dragon" title="Vietnamese dragon">Vietnamese dragon</a>, which is the exclusive and privileged symbol of the Vietnamese emperors. The last existing imperial throne in Vietnam is the throne of the <a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_dynasty" title="Nguyễn dynasty">Nguyễn emperors</a> placed in the Hall of Supreme Harmony at the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_City_of_Hu%E1%BA%BF" title="Imperial City of Huế">Imperial City of Huế</a>. It is designated as a <a href="/wiki/National_Treasure_(Vietnam)" title="National Treasure (Vietnam)">national treasure of Vietnam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_folk_religion" title="Vietnamese folk religion">Vietnamese folk religion</a>, the gods, deities and ancestral spirits are believed to seat figuratively on thrones at places of worship. Therefore, on Vietnamese altars, there are various types of liturgical "throne" often decorated with red paint and golden gilding.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Throne" title="Phoenix Throne">Phoenix Throne</a> (御座/어좌 <i>eojwa</i>) is the term used to identify the throne of the <a href="/wiki/King_of_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Korea">king of Korea</a>. In an abstract sense, the Phoenix Throne also refers <a href="/wiki/Rhetorically" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhetorically">rhetorically</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Joseon_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseon dynasty">Joseon dynasty</a> (1392–1897) and the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Empire of Korea">Empire of Korea</a> (1897–1910). The throne is located at <a href="/wiki/Gyeongbok_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Gyeongbok Palace">Gyeongbok Palace</a> in Seoul. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Chrysanthemum_Throne" title="Chrysanthemum Throne">Chrysanthemum Throne</a><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">皇位</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">kōi</i></span>, lit. "Imperial position/rank")</span> is the term used to identify the throne of the <a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_Japan" title="Emperor of Japan">emperor of Japan</a>. The term also can refer to very specific seating, such as the <i>takamikura</i> (高御座) throne in the Shishin-den at <a href="/wiki/Kyoto_Imperial_Palace" title="Kyoto Imperial Palace">Kyoto Imperial Palace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The throne of the <a href="/wiki/Ryukyu_Kingdom" title="Ryukyu Kingdom">Ryukyu Kingdom</a> is located in <a href="/wiki/Shuri_Castle" title="Shuri Castle">Shuri Castle</a>, Naha. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_period">Modern period</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Modern period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Guildhall,_London_-_Great_Hall_(5).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Guildhall%2C_London_-_Great_Hall_%285%29.jpg/220px-Guildhall%2C_London_-_Great_Hall_%285%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Guildhall%2C_London_-_Great_Hall_%285%29.jpg/330px-Guildhall%2C_London_-_Great_Hall_%285%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Guildhall%2C_London_-_Great_Hall_%285%29.jpg/440px-Guildhall%2C_London_-_Great_Hall_%285%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Throne-like chair of the <a href="/wiki/Lord_Mayor_of_London" title="Lord Mayor of London">Lord Mayor of London</a> in London's <a href="/wiki/Guildhall,_London" title="Guildhall, London">Guildhall</a></figcaption></figure> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>, the throne in <a href="/wiki/St_George%27s_Hall_and_Apollo_Room_of_the_Winter_Palace" title="St George's Hall and Apollo Room of the Winter Palace">St. George's Hall</a> (the "Greater Throne Room") in the <a href="/wiki/Winter_Palace" title="Winter Palace">Winter Palace</a> was regarded as <i>the</i> throne of Russia. It sits atop a seven-stepped <a href="/wiki/Dais" title="Dais">dais</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Proscenium_arch" class="mw-redirect" title="Proscenium arch">proscenium arch</a> above and the symbol of the imperial family behind (the <a href="/wiki/Two-headed_eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="Two-headed eagle">two-headed eagle</a>). <a href="/wiki/Peter_I_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter I of Russia">Peter I's</a> Room (the "Smaller Throne Room") is modest in comparison to the former. The throne was made for <a href="/wiki/Empress" class="mw-redirect" title="Empress">Empress</a> <a href="/wiki/Anna_Ivanovna" class="mw-redirect" title="Anna Ivanovna">Anna Ivanovna</a> in London. There is also a throne in the Grand Throne Room of the <a href="/wiki/Peterhof_Palace" title="Peterhof Palace">Peterhof Palace</a>. </p><p>In some countries with a monarchy, thrones are still used and have important symbolic and ceremonial meaning. Among the most famous thrones still in usage are <a href="/wiki/St_Edward%27s_Chair" class="mw-redirect" title="St Edward's Chair">St Edward's Chair</a>, on which the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">British monarch</a> is crowned, and the thrones used by monarchs during the state opening of parliaments in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> (see above) among others. </p><p>Some republics use distinctive throne-like chairs in some state ceremonial. The <a href="/wiki/President_of_Ireland" title="President of Ireland">president of Ireland</a> sits on a former <a href="/wiki/Lord_Lieutenant_of_Ireland" title="Lord Lieutenant of Ireland">viceregal</a> throne during his or her <a href="/wiki/Inauguration" title="Inauguration">inauguration</a> ceremony, while <a href="/wiki/Lord_mayor" title="Lord mayor">lords mayor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lord_provost" title="Lord provost">lords provost</a> of many <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">British</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Irish</a> cities often preside over local councils from throne-like chairs. </p><p>Owing to its symbolic nature, a toilet is often jokingly referred to as "a throne" (namely, the "porcelain throne"). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List">List</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: List"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gamla_Stan,_S%C3%B6dermalm,_Stockholm,_Sweden_-_panoramio_(225).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Gamla_Stan%2C_S%C3%B6dermalm%2C_Stockholm%2C_Sweden_-_panoramio_%28225%29.jpg/250px-Gamla_Stan%2C_S%C3%B6dermalm%2C_Stockholm%2C_Sweden_-_panoramio_%28225%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Gamla_Stan%2C_S%C3%B6dermalm%2C_Stockholm%2C_Sweden_-_panoramio_%28225%29.jpg/330px-Gamla_Stan%2C_S%C3%B6dermalm%2C_Stockholm%2C_Sweden_-_panoramio_%28225%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Gamla_Stan%2C_S%C3%B6dermalm%2C_Stockholm%2C_Sweden_-_panoramio_%28225%29.jpg/500px-Gamla_Stan%2C_S%C3%B6dermalm%2C_Stockholm%2C_Sweden_-_panoramio_%28225%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="5184" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Silver_Throne" title="Silver Throne">Silver Throne</a> of Sweden, inside Stockholm Palace</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ivans_ivory_throne.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Ivans_ivory_throne.jpg/220px-Ivans_ivory_throne.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Ivans_ivory_throne.jpg/330px-Ivans_ivory_throne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Ivans_ivory_throne.jpg/440px-Ivans_ivory_throne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1332" /></a><figcaption>The Ivory Throne of <a href="/wiki/Tsar" title="Tsar">Tsar</a> <a href="/wiki/Ivan_IV" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan IV">Ivan IV</a> of <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Inside_the_Forbidden_City.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Inside_the_Forbidden_City.jpg/220px-Inside_the_Forbidden_City.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Inside_the_Forbidden_City.jpg/330px-Inside_the_Forbidden_City.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Inside_the_Forbidden_City.jpg/440px-Inside_the_Forbidden_City.jpg 2x" data-file-width="639" data-file-height="479" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Dragon_Throne" title="Dragon Throne">Dragon Throne</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_China" title="Emperor of China">emperor of China</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Forbidden_City" title="Forbidden City">Forbidden City</a> in <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Africa">Africa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Golden Throne of <a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">pharaoh</a> <a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun">Tutankhamun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Stool" title="Golden Stool">Golden Stool</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ashanti_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashanti Empire">Ashanti Empire</a></li> <li>Throne of David of the <a href="/wiki/Emperor" title="Emperor">Emperors</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_chieftaincy" class="mw-redirect" title="Nigerian chieftaincy">Chieftaincy Stools</a> of <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_traditional_states" title="List of Nigerian traditional states">Nigeria</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asia">Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dragon_Throne" title="Dragon Throne">Dragon Throne</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Table_of_Chinese_monarchs" class="mw-redirect" title="Table of Chinese monarchs">Emperors</a> of <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imperial_Throne_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imperial Throne of Vietnam (page does not exist)">Golden Throne</a> of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Vietnam" title="List of monarchs of Vietnam">Emperors</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysanthemum_Throne" title="Chrysanthemum Throne">Chrysanthemum Throne</a> of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Emperors_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Emperors of Japan">Emperors</a> of <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> (<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%BE%A1%E5%BA%A7" class="extiw" title="ja:高御座">ja:高御座</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Throne" title="Phoenix Throne">Phoenix Throne</a> of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Korea" title="List of monarchs of Korea">Kings</a> of <a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korea</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Throne_of_Solomon" title="Throne of Solomon">Throne of Solomon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lion_Throne" title="Lion Throne">Lion Throne</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama" title="Dalai Lama">Dalai Lama</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a></li> <li>Lion Throne of <a href="/wiki/Sikkim" title="Sikkim">Sikkim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lion_Throne_of_Myanmar" class="mw-redirect" title="The Lion Throne of Myanmar">Lion Throne</a> of <a href="/wiki/Konbaung" class="mw-redirect" title="Konbaung">Konbaung</a> of Burma, (<a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>)</li> <li>Lotus Throne of Konbaung of Burma</li> <li>Bumblebee Throne of Konbaung of Burma</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamsa_(bird)" title="Hamsa (bird)">Hamsa</a> Throne of Konbaung of Burma</li> <li>Deer Throne of Konbaung of Burma</li> <li>Elephant Throne of Konbaung of Burma</li> <li>Conch Throne of Konbaung of Burma</li> <li>Stone throne of King Kasyapa from <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from the 5th century citadel of <a href="/wiki/Sigiri" class="mw-redirect" title="Sigiri">Sigiri</a></li> <li>Stone throne of King <a href="/wiki/Nissankamalla" class="mw-redirect" title="Nissankamalla">Nissankamalla</a> from <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from the 12th century <a href="/wiki/Polonnaruwa" title="Polonnaruwa">Polonnaruwa</a> kingdom</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandian_Throne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kandian Throne (page does not exist)">Kandian Throne</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kandy" title="Kingdom of Kandy">Kingdom of Kandy</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_Ceylon" title="Dominion of Ceylon">Dominion of Ceylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peacock_Throne" title="Peacock Throne">Peacock Throne</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal</a> <a href="/wiki/Emperor" title="Emperor">Emperors</a> of India</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Throne" title="Sun Throne">Sun Throne</a> of Persia/Iran</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marble_Throne" title="Marble Throne">Marble Throne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sun_Throne" title="Sun Throne">Sun Throne</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Persian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian Empire">Persian</a> <a href="/wiki/Shah" title="Shah">Shahs</a></li> <li>Peacock Throne of <a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korea</a></li> <li>Peacock Throne at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Montchobo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Montchobo (page does not exist)">Montchobo</a>, then at <a href="/wiki/Inwa" title="Inwa">Ava</a>, ancient capitals of <a href="/wiki/Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma">Burma</a></li> <li>Saridhaleys "ivory throne" and the Sighsana "lion throne" of the <a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a> sultanate</li> <li>Sandalwood throne at <a href="/wiki/Bikaner" title="Bikaner">Bikaner</a> Fort</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharaja_Ranjit_Singh%27s_throne" title="Maharaja Ranjit Singh's throne">Maharaja Ranjit Singh's throne</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shivaji%27s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shivaji's (page does not exist)">Shivaji's</a> Golden Throne (Suvarna Sinhasan)</li> <li>Tupou Throne of the Kingdom of Tonga (Polynesian island country)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Throne_(Mysore)" title="Golden Throne (Mysore)">Golden Throne</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mysore" title="Mysore">Mysore</a> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Throne_of_Apollo" class="mw-redirect" title="Throne of Apollo">Throne of Apollo</a> in <a href="/wiki/Amyclae" title="Amyclae">Amyclae</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">British monarch</a> (and <a href="/wiki/Queen_consort" title="Queen consort">queen consort</a> if applicable) is enthroned in a Throne Chair at their <a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_British_monarch" title="Coronation of the British monarch">coronation</a>. (Note: <a href="/wiki/St._Edward%27s_Chair" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Edward's Chair">St. Edward's Chair</a> in <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a> is not generally considered to be a throne.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairing_of_the_Bard" title="Chairing of the Bard">Chairing of the Bard</a> in <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a> is an ancient ceremonial procedure which dates back to at least 1176, in which the winning poet is chaired <a href="/wiki/Prifardd" title="Prifardd">Y Prifardd</a> (The Chief Bard) at the <a href="/wiki/Eisteddfod" title="Eisteddfod">National Eisteddfod</a><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chair_of_St_Augustine" title="Chair of St Augustine">Chair of St Augustine</a> in <a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Cathedral" title="Canterbury Cathedral">Canterbury Cathedral</a>, where <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishops of Canterbury</a> are inaugurated</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aachen_Throne" class="mw-redirect" title="Aachen Throne">Throne</a> of <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Aachen_Cathedral" title="Aachen Cathedral">cathedral</a> at <a href="/wiki/Aachen" title="Aachen">Aachen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Throne_of_Goslar" title="Imperial Throne of Goslar">Imperial Throne</a> of the medieval German kings and emperors in <a href="/wiki/Goslar" title="Goslar">Goslar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>.</li> <li>Throne of the King of Aragon, Valencia, Majorca, Sardinia, Corsica and Sicilia and Count of Barcelona <a href="/wiki/Martin_of_Aragon" title="Martin of Aragon">Martin I the Elder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regalia_of_the_Russian_tsars#The_Ivory_Throne" title="Regalia of the Russian tsars">Ivory Throne</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ivan_the_Terrible" title="Ivan the Terrible">Ivan the Terrible</a></li> <li>papal <a href="/wiki/Chair_of_Saint_Peter" title="Chair of Saint Peter">Chair of Saint Peter</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/Sedia_gestatoria" title="Sedia gestatoria">sedia gestatoria</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Throne_Chair_of_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Throne Chair of Denmark">Throne Chair of Denmark</a>, made of <a href="/wiki/Narwhal" title="Narwhal">narwhal</a> tusks.<br />By <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Bendz" title="Wilhelm Bendz">Wilhelm Bendz</a> (1830)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_Throne" title="Silver Throne">Silver Throne</a> in <a href="/wiki/Stockholm_Palace" title="Stockholm Palace">Stockholm Palace</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, on which <a href="/wiki/Swedish_monarchs" class="mw-redirect" title="Swedish monarchs">Swedish monarchs</a> were crowned</li> <li>Queen Lovisa Ulrikas throne at <a href="/wiki/Stockholm_Palace" title="Stockholm Palace">Stockholm Palace</a>, Sweden</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_America">North America</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: North America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canadian-Senate-thrones.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Canadian-Senate-thrones.jpg/250px-Canadian-Senate-thrones.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Canadian-Senate-thrones.jpg/330px-Canadian-Senate-thrones.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Canadian-Senate-thrones.jpg/500px-Canadian-Senate-thrones.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4183" data-file-height="2788" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Thrones_of_Canada" title="Thrones of Canada">The thrones</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Canada" title="Monarchy of Canada">Canadian monarch</a> (back left) and his or her <a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_monarchs#Consort" title="List of Canadian monarchs">royal consort</a> (back right) in the <a href="/wiki/Centre_Block#Senate_chamber" title="Centre Block">Senate of Canada</a>; these may also be occupied by the sovereign's representative, the <a href="/wiki/Governor_General_of_Canada" title="Governor General of Canada">governor general</a>, and his or her <a href="/wiki/Viceregal_consort_of_Canada" title="Viceregal consort of Canada">viceregal consort</a> at the <a href="/wiki/State_Opening_of_Parliament" title="State Opening of Parliament">State Opening of Parliament</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Senate_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Speaker of the Senate (Canada)">speaker</a>'s chair is at centre)</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thrones_of_Canada" title="Thrones of Canada">Thrones of Canada</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Canada" title="Monarchy of Canada">Canadian monarch</a> and his or her <a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_monarchs#Consorts" title="List of Canadian monarchs">royal consort</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Governor_General_of_Canada" title="Governor General of Canada">governor general</a>, representing the monarch, and his or her viceregal consort.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Africa_2">Africa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Golden_stool_31_January_1935.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Assante Golden Stool on its throne, the hwedom dwa (1935)"><img alt="The Assante Golden Stool on its throne, the hwedom dwa (1935)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Golden_stool_31_January_1935.jpg/120px-Golden_stool_31_January_1935.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Golden_stool_31_January_1935.jpg/250px-Golden_stool_31_January_1935.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="474" data-file-height="458" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Assante <a href="/wiki/Golden_Stool" title="Golden Stool">Golden Stool</a> on its throne, the <i>hwedom dwa</i> (1935)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mus%C3%A9e_national_d%27Ethiopie-Tr%C3%B4ne_de_Hail%C3%A9_S%C3%A9lassi%C3%A9.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne of emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia"><img alt="Throne of emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Mus%C3%A9e_national_d%27Ethiopie-Tr%C3%B4ne_de_Hail%C3%A9_S%C3%A9lassi%C3%A9.jpg/90px-Mus%C3%A9e_national_d%27Ethiopie-Tr%C3%B4ne_de_Hail%C3%A9_S%C3%A9lassi%C3%A9.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Mus%C3%A9e_national_d%27Ethiopie-Tr%C3%B4ne_de_Hail%C3%A9_S%C3%A9lassi%C3%A9.jpg/135px-Mus%C3%A9e_national_d%27Ethiopie-Tr%C3%B4ne_de_Hail%C3%A9_S%C3%A9lassi%C3%A9.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Mus%C3%A9e_national_d%27Ethiopie-Tr%C3%B4ne_de_Hail%C3%A9_S%C3%A9lassi%C3%A9.jpg/180px-Mus%C3%A9e_national_d%27Ethiopie-Tr%C3%B4ne_de_Hail%C3%A9_S%C3%A9lassi%C3%A9.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="4320" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne of emperor <a href="/wiki/Haile_Selassie_I_of_Ethiopia" class="mw-redirect" title="Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia">Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Throne_Room_-_Bardo_Palace_-_Tunis_-_Tunisia_-_1899.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne of the bey of Tunis, Bardo Palace"><img alt="Throne of the bey of Tunis, Bardo Palace" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Throne_Room_-_Bardo_Palace_-_Tunis_-_Tunisia_-_1899.jpg/120px-Throne_Room_-_Bardo_Palace_-_Tunis_-_Tunisia_-_1899.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Throne_Room_-_Bardo_Palace_-_Tunis_-_Tunisia_-_1899.jpg/250px-Throne_Room_-_Bardo_Palace_-_Tunis_-_Tunisia_-_1899.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne of the <a href="/wiki/Bey_of_Tunis" class="mw-redirect" title="Bey of Tunis">bey of Tunis</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bardo_Palace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bardo Palace (page does not exist)">Bardo Palace</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asia-Pacific">Asia-Pacific</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Asia-Pacific"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gran_Palacio,_Bangkok,_Tailandia,_2013-08-22,_DD_57_(Cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne of Thailand in the Grand Palace"><img alt="Throne of Thailand in the Grand Palace" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Gran_Palacio%2C_Bangkok%2C_Tailandia%2C_2013-08-22%2C_DD_57_%28Cropped%29.jpg/120px-Gran_Palacio%2C_Bangkok%2C_Tailandia%2C_2013-08-22%2C_DD_57_%28Cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="97" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Gran_Palacio%2C_Bangkok%2C_Tailandia%2C_2013-08-22%2C_DD_57_%28Cropped%29.jpg/250px-Gran_Palacio%2C_Bangkok%2C_Tailandia%2C_2013-08-22%2C_DD_57_%28Cropped%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1639" data-file-height="2019" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne of Thailand in the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Palace" title="Grand Palace">Grand Palace</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Throne_of_Tonga,_1900.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne of Tonga"><img alt="Throne of Tonga" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Royal_Throne_of_Tonga%2C_1900.jpg/85px-Royal_Throne_of_Tonga%2C_1900.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Royal_Throne_of_Tonga%2C_1900.jpg/128px-Royal_Throne_of_Tonga%2C_1900.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Royal_Throne_of_Tonga%2C_1900.jpg/170px-Royal_Throne_of_Tonga%2C_1900.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1935" data-file-height="2723" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne of <a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lion_throne,_Mandalay_Palace.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lion throne, Mandalay Palace"><img alt="Lion throne, Mandalay Palace" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Lion_throne%2C_Mandalay_Palace.jpg/90px-Lion_throne%2C_Mandalay_Palace.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Lion_throne%2C_Mandalay_Palace.jpg/135px-Lion_throne%2C_Mandalay_Palace.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Lion_throne%2C_Mandalay_Palace.jpg/180px-Lion_throne%2C_Mandalay_Palace.jpg 2x" data-file-width="534" data-file-height="712" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Lion throne, Mandalay Palace</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lily_Throne,_Mandalay_Palace.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lily Throne, Mandalay Palace"><img alt="Lily Throne, Mandalay Palace" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Lily_Throne%2C_Mandalay_Palace.jpg/120px-Lily_Throne%2C_Mandalay_Palace.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Lily_Throne%2C_Mandalay_Palace.jpg/180px-Lily_Throne%2C_Mandalay_Palace.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Lily_Throne%2C_Mandalay_Palace.jpg/240px-Lily_Throne%2C_Mandalay_Palace.jpg 2x" data-file-width="928" data-file-height="712" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Lily Throne, Mandalay Palace</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saya_Chone%27s_%22Royal_Audience%22.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Painting of a royal audience in Burma"><img alt="Painting of a royal audience in Burma" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Saya_Chone%27s_%22Royal_Audience%22.png/120px-Saya_Chone%27s_%22Royal_Audience%22.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Saya_Chone%27s_%22Royal_Audience%22.png/180px-Saya_Chone%27s_%22Royal_Audience%22.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Saya_Chone%27s_%22Royal_Audience%22.png/240px-Saya_Chone%27s_%22Royal_Audience%22.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Painting of a royal audience in Burma</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Singgasana_Sultan_dan_Permaisuri_Tidore.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lion Throne of the Sultan of Tidore"><img alt="Lion Throne of the Sultan of Tidore" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Singgasana_Sultan_dan_Permaisuri_Tidore.jpg/120px-Singgasana_Sultan_dan_Permaisuri_Tidore.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Singgasana_Sultan_dan_Permaisuri_Tidore.jpg/250px-Singgasana_Sultan_dan_Permaisuri_Tidore.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Lion Throne of the <a href="/wiki/Sultan_of_Tidore" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultan of Tidore">Sultan of Tidore</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Forbiddencitythroneroom01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne of Ming and Qing emperors, Forbidden City of China"><img alt="Throne of Ming and Qing emperors, Forbidden City of China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Forbiddencitythroneroom01.jpg/120px-Forbiddencitythroneroom01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Forbiddencitythroneroom01.jpg/250px-Forbiddencitythroneroom01.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne of <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming</a> and <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing</a> emperors, <a href="/wiki/Forbidden_City" title="Forbidden City">Forbidden City</a> of <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Throne_of_Kandyan_Kings.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne of Kandyan Sinhalese Monarchs."><img alt="Throne of Kandyan Sinhalese Monarchs." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/The_Throne_of_Kandyan_Kings.jpg/120px-The_Throne_of_Kandyan_Kings.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/The_Throne_of_Kandyan_Kings.jpg/250px-The_Throne_of_Kandyan_Kings.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3285" data-file-height="2530" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne of <a href="/wiki/Kandyan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kandyan">Kandyan</a> <a href="/wiki/Sinhalese_people" title="Sinhalese people">Sinhalese</a> Monarchs.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chowmahalla_Palace_(22737529483).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne of the Nizam, Chowmahalla Palace"><img alt="Throne of the Nizam, Chowmahalla Palace" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Chowmahalla_Palace_%2822737529483%29.jpg/120px-Chowmahalla_Palace_%2822737529483%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Chowmahalla_Palace_%2822737529483%29.jpg/180px-Chowmahalla_Palace_%2822737529483%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Chowmahalla_Palace_%2822737529483%29.jpg/240px-Chowmahalla_Palace_%2822737529483%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4160" data-file-height="2340" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne of the <a href="/wiki/Nizam" class="mw-redirect" title="Nizam">Nizam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chowmahalla_Palace" title="Chowmahalla Palace">Chowmahalla Palace</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Naderi_throne.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Naderi Throne of Persia, Crown Jewels Museum, Tehran"><img alt="Naderi Throne of Persia, Crown Jewels Museum, Tehran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Naderi_throne.jpg/120px-Naderi_throne.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Naderi_throne.jpg/250px-Naderi_throne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="319" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Naderi_Throne" title="Naderi Throne">Naderi Throne</a> of <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Crown_Jewels" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Crown Jewels">Crown Jewels Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1892_throne_of_Fath_Ali_Shah_Teheran.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Sun Throne of Persia, Tehran"><img alt="Sun Throne of Persia, Tehran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/1892_throne_of_Fath_Ali_Shah_Teheran.png/118px-1892_throne_of_Fath_Ali_Shah_Teheran.png" decoding="async" width="118" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/1892_throne_of_Fath_Ali_Shah_Teheran.png/177px-1892_throne_of_Fath_Ali_Shah_Teheran.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/1892_throne_of_Fath_Ali_Shah_Teheran.png/237px-1892_throne_of_Fath_Ali_Shah_Teheran.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="561" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sun_Throne" title="Sun Throne">Sun Throne</a> of <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ivane_marmar_(16).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Marble Throne of Persia, Golestan Palace, Tehran"><img alt="Marble Throne of Persia, Golestan Palace, Tehran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Ivane_marmar_%2816%29.JPG/120px-Ivane_marmar_%2816%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Ivane_marmar_%2816%29.JPG/180px-Ivane_marmar_%2816%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Ivane_marmar_%2816%29.JPG/240px-Ivane_marmar_%2816%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Marble_Throne" title="Marble Throne">Marble Throne</a> of <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Golestan_Palace" title="Golestan Palace">Golestan Palace</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Imperial_Throne_of_Shishinden_in_Kyoto_Imperial_Palace.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Imperial throne used for the Enthronement of the Japanese Emperor"><img alt="Imperial throne used for the Enthronement of the Japanese Emperor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Imperial_Throne_of_Shishinden_in_Kyoto_Imperial_Palace.jpg/120px-Imperial_Throne_of_Shishinden_in_Kyoto_Imperial_Palace.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Imperial_Throne_of_Shishinden_in_Kyoto_Imperial_Palace.jpg/250px-Imperial_Throne_of_Shishinden_in_Kyoto_Imperial_Palace.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2607" data-file-height="1740" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Imperial throne used for the <a href="/wiki/Enthronement_of_the_Japanese_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Enthronement of the Japanese Emperor">Enthronement of the Japanese Emperor</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seoul_Gyeongbokgung_Throne.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Phoenix Throne of the King of Joseon in Gyeongbokgung, South Korea"><img alt="The Phoenix Throne of the King of Joseon in Gyeongbokgung, South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Seoul_Gyeongbokgung_Throne.jpg/120px-Seoul_Gyeongbokgung_Throne.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Seoul_Gyeongbokgung_Throne.jpg/180px-Seoul_Gyeongbokgung_Throne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Seoul_Gyeongbokgung_Throne.jpg/240px-Seoul_Gyeongbokgung_Throne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2016" data-file-height="1512" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Throne" title="Phoenix Throne">Phoenix Throne</a> of the King of Joseon in <a href="/wiki/Gyeongbokgung" title="Gyeongbokgung">Gyeongbokgung</a>, South Korea</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Throne_of_Nguyen_Emperor.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Throne in the Hall of Supreme Harmony, Imperial City, Huế, Vietnam"><img alt="The Throne in the Hall of Supreme Harmony, Imperial City, Huế, Vietnam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Throne_of_Nguyen_Emperor.jpg/120px-Throne_of_Nguyen_Emperor.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Throne_of_Nguyen_Emperor.jpg/250px-Throne_of_Nguyen_Emperor.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1067" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Throne in the Hall of Supreme Harmony, <a href="/wiki/Imperial_City,_Hu%E1%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial City, Huế">Imperial City, Huế</a>, Vietnam</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Iolani_Palace_Throne_Room_(20029570929).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne of Hawaii, Iolani Palace"><img alt="Throne of Hawaii, Iolani Palace" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Iolani_Palace_Throne_Room_%2820029570929%29.jpg/120px-Iolani_Palace_Throne_Room_%2820029570929%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Iolani_Palace_Throne_Room_%2820029570929%29.jpg/180px-Iolani_Palace_Throne_Room_%2820029570929%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Iolani_Palace_Throne_Room_%2820029570929%29.jpg/240px-Iolani_Palace_Throne_Room_%2820029570929%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne of Hawaii, <a href="/wiki/Iolani_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Iolani Palace">Iolani Palace</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe_2">Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Celebraci%C3%B3n_de_la_Pascua_Militar_2019_06.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="King Felipe VI giving a speech in front of the thrones of the king and queen of Spain, Madrid"><img alt="King Felipe VI giving a speech in front of the thrones of the king and queen of Spain, Madrid" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Celebraci%C3%B3n_de_la_Pascua_Militar_2019_06.jpg/120px-Celebraci%C3%B3n_de_la_Pascua_Militar_2019_06.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Celebraci%C3%B3n_de_la_Pascua_Militar_2019_06.jpg/180px-Celebraci%C3%B3n_de_la_Pascua_Militar_2019_06.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Celebraci%C3%B3n_de_la_Pascua_Militar_2019_06.jpg/240px-Celebraci%C3%B3n_de_la_Pascua_Militar_2019_06.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">King <a href="/wiki/Felipe_VI" title="Felipe VI">Felipe VI</a> giving a speech in front of the thrones of the king and queen of Spain, Madrid</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Troonrede_2015_8.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands giving a speech from the throne in the Ridderzaal"><img alt="King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands giving a speech from the throne in the Ridderzaal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Troonrede_2015_8.jpg/120px-Troonrede_2015_8.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Troonrede_2015_8.jpg/180px-Troonrede_2015_8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Troonrede_2015_8.jpg/240px-Troonrede_2015_8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">King <a href="/wiki/Willem-Alexander_of_the_Netherlands" title="Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands">Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands</a> giving a <a href="/wiki/Speech_from_the_throne" title="Speech from the throne">speech from the throne</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Ridderzaal" title="Ridderzaal">Ridderzaal</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Serment_de_Philippe_de_Belgique.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="King Philippe I of Belgium seated on the throne inside the Palace of the Nation during his swearing-in ceremony"><img alt="King Philippe I of Belgium seated on the throne inside the Palace of the Nation during his swearing-in ceremony" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Serment_de_Philippe_de_Belgique.jpg/120px-Serment_de_Philippe_de_Belgique.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Serment_de_Philippe_de_Belgique.jpg/250px-Serment_de_Philippe_de_Belgique.jpg 2x" data-file-width="341" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">King <a href="/wiki/Philippe_I_of_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippe I of Belgium">Philippe I of Belgium</a> seated on the throne inside the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_the_Nation" title="Palace of the Nation">Palace of the Nation</a> during his swearing-in ceremony</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coronation_Chair_Denmark_(King).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Danish throne made out of ivory narwhal tusks"><img alt="The Danish throne made out of ivory narwhal tusks" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Coronation_Chair_Denmark_%28King%29.jpg/64px-Coronation_Chair_Denmark_%28King%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="64" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Coronation_Chair_Denmark_%28King%29.jpg/96px-Coronation_Chair_Denmark_%28King%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Coronation_Chair_Denmark_%28King%29.jpg/128px-Coronation_Chair_Denmark_%28King%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="402" data-file-height="754" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Danish throne made out of ivory narwhal tusks</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Marino_tron_kapitanow_regentow.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne of the Captains-Regent of San Marino, inside the basilica di San Marino"><img alt="Throne of the Captains-Regent of San Marino, inside the basilica di San Marino" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/San_Marino_tron_kapitanow_regentow.jpg/120px-San_Marino_tron_kapitanow_regentow.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/San_Marino_tron_kapitanow_regentow.jpg/250px-San_Marino_tron_kapitanow_regentow.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne of the <a href="/wiki/Captains-Regent_of_San_Marino" class="mw-redirect" title="Captains-Regent of San Marino">Captains-Regent of San Marino</a>, inside the <a href="/wiki/Basilica_di_San_Marino" title="Basilica di San Marino">basilica di San Marino</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paris_Mus%C3%A9e_Cluny_Tr%C3%B4ne_de_Dagobert_135.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="French Throne of Dagobert, dating to the 7th century"><img alt="French Throne of Dagobert, dating to the 7th century" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Paris_Mus%C3%A9e_Cluny_Tr%C3%B4ne_de_Dagobert_135.jpg/120px-Paris_Mus%C3%A9e_Cluny_Tr%C3%B4ne_de_Dagobert_135.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Paris_Mus%C3%A9e_Cluny_Tr%C3%B4ne_de_Dagobert_135.jpg/250px-Paris_Mus%C3%A9e_Cluny_Tr%C3%B4ne_de_Dagobert_135.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3019" data-file-height="4528" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">French <a href="/wiki/Throne_of_Dagobert" title="Throne of Dagobert">Throne of Dagobert</a>, dating to the 7th century </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SanktEdvardsstol_westminster.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="King Edward's Chair, Westminster Abbey, England"><img alt="King Edward's Chair, Westminster Abbey, England" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/SanktEdvardsstol_westminster.jpg/81px-SanktEdvardsstol_westminster.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/SanktEdvardsstol_westminster.jpg/121px-SanktEdvardsstol_westminster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/SanktEdvardsstol_westminster.jpg/162px-SanktEdvardsstol_westminster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="493" data-file-height="730" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/King_Edward%27s_Chair" class="mw-redirect" title="King Edward's Chair">King Edward's Chair</a>, <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a>, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vojvodski_stol.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Duke's Chair of Carantania"><img alt="Duke's Chair of Carantania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Vojvodski_stol.jpg/93px-Vojvodski_stol.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Vojvodski_stol.jpg/139px-Vojvodski_stol.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Vojvodski_stol.jpg/185px-Vojvodski_stol.jpg 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="440" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Duke%27s_Chair" title="Duke's Chair">Duke's Chair</a> of <a href="/wiki/Carantania" title="Carantania">Carantania</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Throne_of_Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria"><img alt="Throne of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Throne_of_Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria_01.jpg/90px-Throne_of_Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Throne_of_Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria_01.jpg/135px-Throne_of_Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Throne_of_Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria_01.jpg/180px-Throne_of_Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne of Emperor <a href="/wiki/Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria" title="Franz Joseph I of Austria">Franz Joseph I of Austria</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Thronsaal,_Residenz_M%C3%BCnchen.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne of the Bavarian King, Munich"><img alt="Throne of the Bavarian King, Munich" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Thronsaal%2C_Residenz_M%C3%BCnchen.jpg/120px-Thronsaal%2C_Residenz_M%C3%BCnchen.jpg" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Thronsaal%2C_Residenz_M%C3%BCnchen.jpg/250px-Thronsaal%2C_Residenz_M%C3%BCnchen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="998" data-file-height="1517" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne of the <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavarian</a> King, <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dublin_Castle_Throne_Room_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Irish Viceregal Throne, Dublin Castle"><img alt="Irish Viceregal Throne, Dublin Castle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Dublin_Castle_Throne_Room_2018.jpg/120px-Dublin_Castle_Throne_Room_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Dublin_Castle_Throne_Room_2018.jpg/180px-Dublin_Castle_Throne_Room_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Dublin_Castle_Throne_Room_2018.jpg/240px-Dublin_Castle_Throne_Room_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Irish Viceregal Throne, <a href="/wiki/Dublin_Castle" title="Dublin Castle">Dublin Castle</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pal%C3%A1cio_Nacional_da_Ajuda,_throne_room-1.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Thrones of Portugal, Ajuda Palace"><img alt="Thrones of Portugal, Ajuda Palace" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Pal%C3%A1cio_Nacional_da_Ajuda%2C_throne_room-1.JPG/120px-Pal%C3%A1cio_Nacional_da_Ajuda%2C_throne_room-1.JPG" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Pal%C3%A1cio_Nacional_da_Ajuda%2C_throne_room-1.JPG/250px-Pal%C3%A1cio_Nacional_da_Ajuda%2C_throne_room-1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1843" data-file-height="2764" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Thrones of Portugal, <a href="/wiki/Ajuda_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Ajuda Palace">Ajuda Palace</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zamek_Kr%C3%B3lewski_w_Warszawie_-_05.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne of King Stanisław August Poniatowski, Royal Castle, Warsaw"><img alt="Throne of King Stanisław August Poniatowski, Royal Castle, Warsaw" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Zamek_Kr%C3%B3lewski_w_Warszawie_-_05.jpg/120px-Zamek_Kr%C3%B3lewski_w_Warszawie_-_05.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Zamek_Kr%C3%B3lewski_w_Warszawie_-_05.jpg/180px-Zamek_Kr%C3%B3lewski_w_Warszawie_-_05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Zamek_Kr%C3%B3lewski_w_Warszawie_-_05.jpg/240px-Zamek_Kr%C3%B3lewski_w_Warszawie_-_05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2618" data-file-height="2618" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne of King <a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_August_Poniatowski" title="Stanisław August Poniatowski">Stanisław August Poniatowski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Castle,_Warsaw" title="Royal Castle, Warsaw">Royal Castle, Warsaw</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vilnius_Valdovu_rumai_Innen_Thron_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne Room, Palace of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania"><img alt="Throne Room, Palace of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Vilnius_Valdovu_rumai_Innen_Thron_1.jpg/84px-Vilnius_Valdovu_rumai_Innen_Thron_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Vilnius_Valdovu_rumai_Innen_Thron_1.jpg/126px-Vilnius_Valdovu_rumai_Innen_Thron_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Vilnius_Valdovu_rumai_Innen_Thron_1.jpg/168px-Vilnius_Valdovu_rumai_Innen_Thron_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3056" data-file-height="4371" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne Room, <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_the_Grand_Dukes_of_Lithuania" title="Palace of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania">Palace of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladislav_Saal_-_Thron.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne of Bohemia, Prague Castle"><img alt="Throne of Bohemia, Prague Castle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Vladislav_Saal_-_Thron.jpg/80px-Vladislav_Saal_-_Thron.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Vladislav_Saal_-_Thron.jpg/120px-Vladislav_Saal_-_Thron.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Vladislav_Saal_-_Thron.jpg/160px-Vladislav_Saal_-_Thron.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1712" data-file-height="2560" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne of <a href="/wiki/Bohemia" title="Bohemia">Bohemia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prague_Castle" title="Prague Castle">Prague Castle</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kis_Tronterem.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne Room, Buda Castle"><img alt="Throne Room, Buda Castle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Kis_Tronterem.jpg/120px-Kis_Tronterem.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Kis_Tronterem.jpg/250px-Kis_Tronterem.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="461" data-file-height="294" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne Room, <a href="/wiki/Buda_Castle" title="Buda Castle">Buda Castle</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gau_Peter_the_Great_(Small_Throne)_Room_1863.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Imperial throne of Peter I The Great"><img alt="Imperial throne of Peter I The Great" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Gau_Peter_the_Great_%28Small_Throne%29_Room_1863.jpg/120px-Gau_Peter_the_Great_%28Small_Throne%29_Room_1863.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Gau_Peter_the_Great_%28Small_Throne%29_Room_1863.jpg/180px-Gau_Peter_the_Great_%28Small_Throne%29_Room_1863.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Gau_Peter_the_Great_%28Small_Throne%29_Room_1863.jpg/240px-Gau_Peter_the_Great_%28Small_Throne%29_Room_1863.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1134" data-file-height="925" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Imperial throne of <a href="/wiki/Peter_I_The_Great" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter I The Great">Peter I The Great</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SanGiovanniChiostro2.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne of the pope, Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano, Rome"><img alt="Throne of the pope, Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano, Rome" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/SanGiovanniChiostro2.JPG/120px-SanGiovanniChiostro2.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/SanGiovanniChiostro2.JPG/250px-SanGiovanniChiostro2.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="2272" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne of the pope, <a href="/wiki/Basilica_di_San_Giovanni_in_Laterano" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano">Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano</a>, Rome</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roma-san_giovanni03.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne of the pope, Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano, Rome"><img alt="Throne of the pope, Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano, Rome" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Roma-san_giovanni03.jpg/120px-Roma-san_giovanni03.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Roma-san_giovanni03.jpg/180px-Roma-san_giovanni03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Roma-san_giovanni03.jpg/240px-Roma-san_giovanni03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2305" data-file-height="1609" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne of the pope, <a href="/wiki/Basilica_di_San_Giovanni_in_Laterano" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano">Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano</a>, Rome</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Honorius3.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne of Pope Honorius III"><img alt="Throne of Pope Honorius III" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Honorius3.JPG/120px-Honorius3.JPG" decoding="async" width="106" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Honorius3.JPG/250px-Honorius3.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="738" data-file-height="832" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Honorius_III" title="Pope Honorius III">Pope Honorius III</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pintoricchio_015.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne of Pope Pius II (Enea Silvio Piccolomini)"><img alt="Throne of Pope Pius II (Enea Silvio Piccolomini)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Pintoricchio_015.jpg/120px-Pintoricchio_015.jpg" decoding="async" width="65" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Pintoricchio_015.jpg/250px-Pintoricchio_015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1576" data-file-height="2902" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_II" title="Pope Pius II">Pope Pius II</a> (Enea Silvio Piccolomini)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Canterburycathedralthrone.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Chair of St Augustine in Canterbury Cathedral, England"><img alt="The Chair of St Augustine in Canterbury Cathedral, England" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Canterburycathedralthrone.jpg/80px-Canterburycathedralthrone.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Canterburycathedralthrone.jpg/120px-Canterburycathedralthrone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Canterburycathedralthrone.jpg/160px-Canterburycathedralthrone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3888" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Chair_of_St_Augustine" title="Chair of St Augustine">Chair of St Augustine</a> in <a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Cathedral" title="Canterbury Cathedral">Canterbury Cathedral</a>, England</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="South_America">South America</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: South America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:D._Pedro_II_e_o_Trono_do_senado_imperial_(5317371367).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne of the Emperor of Brazil inside the Senate"><img alt="Throne of the Emperor of Brazil inside the Senate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/D._Pedro_II_e_o_Trono_do_senado_imperial_%285317371367%29.jpg/96px-D._Pedro_II_e_o_Trono_do_senado_imperial_%285317371367%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/D._Pedro_II_e_o_Trono_do_senado_imperial_%285317371367%29.jpg/144px-D._Pedro_II_e_o_Trono_do_senado_imperial_%285317371367%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/D._Pedro_II_e_o_Trono_do_senado_imperial_%285317371367%29.jpg/192px-D._Pedro_II_e_o_Trono_do_senado_imperial_%285317371367%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2425" data-file-height="3037" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Brazil" title="List of monarchs of Brazil">Emperor of Brazil</a> inside the Senate</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Baqara_255" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Baqara 255">Al-Baqara 255</a> (Verse of the Throne)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enthronement" title="Enthronement">Enthronement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speech_from_the_throne" title="Speech from the throne">Speech from the throne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Throne_room" title="Throne room">Throne room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chairs" title="List of chairs">List of chairs</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_uses">Other uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Other uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In <a href="/wiki/Music" title="Music">music</a>, the stool used to sit behind a <a href="/wiki/Drum_kit" title="Drum kit">drum kit</a> is often called a throne.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religion</a>, a niche in an <a href="/wiki/Altar" title="Altar">altar</a> piece for displaying the <a href="/wiki/Sacraments_of_the_Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacraments of the Roman Catholic Church">Holy Sacrament</a> is called a throne.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Slang" title="Slang">slang</a>, a common sit-down <a href="/wiki/Toilet" title="Toilet">toilet</a> is also called a throne, or more formally the 'porcelain throne'.</li> <li>One of the Angel choirs is an order called <a href="/wiki/Ophanim" title="Ophanim">Ophanim</a> or 'Thrones', said to carry God's heavenly throne — other choir names expressing power in secular terms include Powers, Principalities, Dominions.</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources_and_references">Sources and references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Sources and references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Oxford English Dictionary, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-861186-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-861186-2">0-19-861186-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica#1901–1973" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th edition, 1910–1911</a> vol. 26, p. 891-2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica#1901–1973" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th edition, 1910–1911</a> vol. 26, p. 891-2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dqro%2Fnos">θρόνος</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201001235158/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dqro%2Fnos">Archived</a> 2020-10-01 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, <i>A Greek-English Lexicon</i>, on Perseus</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a>, <i>Antigone</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Soph.+Ant.+1041&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0185">1041</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210413024235/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Soph.+Ant.+1041&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0185">Archived</a> 2021-04-13 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, on Perseus</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Janda, Michael, <i>Die Musik nach dem Chaos</i>, Innsbruck 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1%20Kings%2010&version=NIV">"Bible Gateway passage: 1 Kings 10 - New International Version"</a>. <i>Bible Gateway</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230501100405/https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1%20Kings%2010&version=NIV">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-05-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bible+Gateway&rft.atitle=Bible+Gateway+passage%3A+1+Kings+10+-+New+International+Version&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biblegateway.com%2Fpassage%2F%3Fsearch%3D1%2520Kings%252010%26version%3DNIV&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThrone" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03297c.htm">"Canopy"</a>. <i>The Catholic Encyclopedia</i>. Vol. III. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 1908<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-07-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Canopy&rft.btitle=The+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=New+York%3A+Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1908&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F03297c.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThrone" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrett1954" class="citation journal cs1">Brett, Gerard (July 1954). "The Automata in the Byzantine "Throne of Solomon"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". <i>Speculum</i>. <b>29</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">477–</span>487. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2846790">10.2307/2846790</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0038-7134">0038-7134</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2846790">2846790</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:163031682">163031682</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Speculum&rft.atitle=The+Automata+in+the+Byzantine+%22Throne+of+Solomon%22&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E477-%3C%2Fspan%3E487&rft.date=1954-07&rft.issn=0038-7134&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A163031682%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2846790%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2846790&rft.aulast=Brett&rft.aufirst=Gerard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThrone" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kreml-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kreml_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kreml.ru/en-Us/exhibitions/virtual-exhibitions.regalii-russkikh-tsarey/ivan-iv-groznyy/#">"Ivan IV the Terrible: Throne"</a>. <i>Regalia of Russian Tsars</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Regalia+of+Russian+Tsars&rft.atitle=Ivan+IV+the+Terrible%3A+Throne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kreml.ru%2Fen-Us%2Fexhibitions%2Fvirtual-exhibitions.regalii-russkikh-tsarey%2Fivan-iv-groznyy%2F%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThrone" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Ruling Princes and Chiefs of India</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789693516852" title="Special:BookSources/9789693516852">9789693516852</a> throughout 408 p</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mark Brentnall, ed. <i>The Princely and Noble Families of the Former Indian Empire: Himachal Pradesh</i> pg. 301</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Velu Pillai. <i>Travancore State Manual</i> (1940)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/t/the-court-of-maharaja-ranjit-singh/">"The Court of Maharaja Ranjit Singh"</a>. <i>Vam.ac.uk</i>. 13 January 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110525012047/http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/t/the-court-of-maharaja-ranjit-singh/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vam.ac.uk&rft.atitle=The+Court+of+Maharaja+Ranjit+Singh&rft.date=2011-01-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vam.ac.uk%2Fcontent%2Farticles%2Ft%2Fthe-court-of-maharaja-ranjit-singh%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThrone" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Arnold, Julean Herbert. (1920). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=y0waAAAAYAAJ&dq=drangon+throne+and+china&pg=PA446"><i>Commercial Handbook of China,</i> p. 446.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230407014759/https://books.google.com/books?id=y0waAAAAYAAJ&dq=drangon+throne+and+china&pg=PA446">Archived</a> 2023-04-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Williams, David. (1858). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BmMFAAAAQAAJ&dq=throne+of+england&pg=PA153"><i>The preceptor's assistant, or, Miscellaneous questions in general history, literature, and science,</i> p. 153.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230405233615/https://books.google.com/books?id=BmMFAAAAQAAJ&dq=throne+of+england&pg=PA153">Archived</a> 2023-04-05 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Books.google.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPrime_Minister_of_Vietnam2015" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Prime Minister of Vietnam (23 December 2015), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinhphu.vn/portal/page/portal/chinhphu/hethongvanban?class_id=2&_page=1&mode=detail&document_id=182770"><i>Quyết định số 2382/QĐ-TTg của Thủ tướng Chính phủ: Về việc công nhận bảo vật quốc gia</i></a> [<i>Decision No. 2382/QD-TTg on recognition of national treasures</i>] (in Vietnamese), Viet Nam Government Portal, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210424173348/http://www.chinhphu.vn/portal/page/portal/chinhphu/hethongvanban?class_id=2&_page=1&mode=detail&document_id=182770">archived</a> from the original on 24 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Quy%E1%BA%BFt+%C4%91%E1%BB%8Bnh+s%E1%BB%91+2382%2FQ%C4%90-TTg+c%E1%BB%A7a+Th%E1%BB%A7+t%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bng+Ch%C3%ADnh+ph%E1%BB%A7%3A+V%E1%BB%81+vi%E1%BB%87c+c%C3%B4ng+nh%E1%BA%ADn+b%E1%BA%A3o+v%E1%BA%ADt+qu%E1%BB%91c+gia&rft.pub=Viet+Nam+Government+Portal&rft.date=2015-12-23&rft.au=Prime+Minister+of+Vietnam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinhphu.vn%2Fportal%2Fpage%2Fportal%2Fchinhphu%2Fhethongvanban%3Fclass_id%3D2%26_page%3D1%26mode%3Ddetail%26document_id%3D182770&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThrone" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHue-Tam_Ho_Tai2021" class="citation cs2">Hue-Tam Ho Tai (2021), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://asiasociety.org/education/religion-vietnam"><i>Religion in Vietnam: A World of Gods and Spirits</i></a>, Asia Society, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210225050539/https://asiasociety.org/education/religion-vietnam">archived</a> from the original on 25 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religion+in+Vietnam%3A+A+World+of+Gods+and+Spirits&rft.pub=Asia+Society&rft.date=2021&rft.au=Hue-Tam+Ho+Tai&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fasiasociety.org%2Feducation%2Freligion-vietnam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThrone" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Ponsonby-Fane" title="Richard Ponsonby-Fane">Ponsonby-Fane, Richard</a>. (1959). <i>The Imperial House of Japan,</i> p. 337.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.andrews.edu/~vyhmeisr/pictures/Sri%20Lanka/pages/P1010123.html">"Sri Lanka"</a>. <i>www.andrews.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-02-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.andrews.edu&rft.atitle=Sri+Lanka&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.andrews.edu%2F~vyhmeisr%2Fpictures%2FSri%2520Lanka%2Fpages%2FP1010123.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThrone" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lakdiva.org/codrington/chap04.html#nissanka">"Chapter IV"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chapter+IV&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flakdiva.org%2Fcodrington%2Fchap04.html%23nissanka&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThrone" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://museum.wales/articles/2010-07-25/A-nation-that-spotlights-poets/">"A nation that spotlights poets"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+nation+that+spotlights+poets&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuseum.wales%2Farticles%2F2010-07-25%2FA-nation-that-spotlights-poets%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThrone" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Throne&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Metzger, Martin (1985). <i>Königsthron und Gottesthron. Thronformen und Throndarstellungen in Ägypten und im Vorderen Orient im dritten und zweiten Jahrtausend vor Christus und deren Bedeutung für das Verständnis von Aussagen über den Thron im Alten Testament</i> [Royal throne and divine throne. Forms of thrones and representations of thrones in Egypt and the Near East in the third and second millennium BC and their significance for the understanding of statements about the throne in the Old Testament]. Alter Orient und Altes Testament, vol. 15. Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-7887-0724-0" title="Special:BookSources/3-7887-0724-0">3-7887-0724-0</a>.</li> <li>Vollmer, Cornelius (2014). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/23269547/Im_Anfang_war_der_Thron_Studien_zum_leeren_Thron_in_der_griechischen_r%C3%B6mischen_und_fr%C3%BChchristlichen_Ikonographie_T%C3%BCbinger_Arch%C3%A4ologische_Forschungen_15_Rahden_Westf_2014_">Im Anfang war der Thron. Studien zum leeren Thron in der griechischen, römischen und frühchristlichen Ikonographie</a></i> [In the beginning was the throne. Studies on the empty throne in Greek, Roman and early Christian iconograph]. Tübinger Archäologische Forschungen, vol. 15. Rahden: Leidorf, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-89646-995-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-89646-995-3">978-3-89646-995-3</a>.</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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aria-labelledby="Coronation_and_enthronement188" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Coronation" title="Template:Coronation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Coronation" title="Template talk:Coronation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Coronation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Coronation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Coronation_and_enthronement188" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Coronation" title="Coronation">Coronation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Enthronement" title="Enthronement">enthronement</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Regalia" title="Regalia">Regalia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crown" title="Crown">Crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_crown" title="Coronation crown">Coronation crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_jewels" title="Crown jewels">Crown jewels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diadem" title="Diadem">Diadem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiara" title="Tiara">Tiara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armill" title="Armill">Armill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_(jewellery)" title="Ring (jewellery)">Ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globus_cruciger" title="Globus cruciger"><i>Globus cruciger</i> (orb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceptre" title="Sceptre">Sceptre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword" title="Sword">Sword</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantle_(royal_garment)" title="Mantle (royal garment)">Mantle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Items</li><li>rituals</li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Throne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anointing" title="Anointing">Anointing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enthronement" title="Enthronement">Enthronement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investiture" title="Investiture">Investiture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By continent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coronations_in_Africa" title="Coronations in Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronations_in_the_Americas" title="Coronations in the Americas">the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronations_in_Asia" title="Coronations in Asia">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronations_in_Europe" title="Coronations in Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronations_in_Oceania" title="Coronations in Oceania">Oceania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specific customs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coronations_in_antiquity" title="Coronations in antiquity">Antiquity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_pharaoh" title="Coronation of the pharaoh">Ancient Egyptian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_Bohemian_monarch" title="Coronation of the Bohemian monarch">Bohemian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_Emperor_of_Brazil" title="Coronation of the Emperor of Brazil">Brazilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_British_monarch" title="Coronation of the British monarch">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_Bulgarian_monarch" title="Coronation of the Bulgarian monarch">Bulgarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_Burmese_monarch" title="Coronation of the Burmese monarch">Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_Byzantine_emperor" title="Coronation of the Byzantine emperor">Byzantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Bokassa_I_and_Catherine" title="Coronation of Bokassa I and Catherine">Central African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_Danish_monarch" title="Coronation of the Danish monarch">Danish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_the_Dutch_monarch" title="Inauguration of the Dutch monarch">Dutch</a></li> <li>French <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_French_monarch" title="Coronation of the French monarch">royal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Napoleon_and_Jos%C3%A9phine" class="mw-redirect" title="Coronation of Napoleon and Joséphine">Napoleon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Coronation of the Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_Hungarian_monarch" title="Coronation of the Hungarian monarch">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C4%81jy%C4%81bhi%E1%B9%A3eka" title="Rājyābhiṣeka">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enthronement_of_the_Japanese_emperor" title="Enthronement of the Japanese emperor">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Installation_of_the_Yang_di-Pertuan_Agong" title="Installation of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong">Malaysian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_Nepalese_monarch" title="Coronation of the Nepalese monarch">Nepalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronations_in_Norway" title="Coronations in Norway">Norwegian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword_of_Osman" title="Sword of Osman">Ottoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_coronation" title="Papal coronation">Papal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronations_in_Poland" title="Coronations in Poland">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_Russian_monarch" title="Coronation of the Russian monarch">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_Serbian_monarch" title="Coronation of the Serbian monarch">Serbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_Swedish_monarch" title="Coronation of the Swedish monarch">Swedish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_Thai_monarch" title="Coronation of the Thai monarch">Thai</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coronation" title="Coronation">others</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pretender" title="Pretender">Pretender</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_former_ruling_families" title="List of heads of former ruling families">List of current</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papabile" title="Papabile">Papabile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_succession" title="Order of succession">Order of succession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_anthem" title="Coronation anthem">Coronation anthem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" 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