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id="toc-Names_and_symbols-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-17th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#17th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>17th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-17th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-18th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#18th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>18th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-18th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>19th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organisation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organisation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Organisation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organisation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Organisation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Organisation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Main_naval_bases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Main_naval_bases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Main naval bases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Main_naval_bases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Equipment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Equipment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Equipment</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Equipment-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Equipment subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Equipment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ships_and_submarines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ships_and_submarines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Ships and submarines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ships_and_submarines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aircraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aircraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Aircraft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aircraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personnel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personnel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Personnel</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Personnel-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Personnel subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Personnel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Application_requirement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Application_requirement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Application requirement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Application_requirement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Seamen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seamen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.1</span> <span>Seamen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seamen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Petty_Officers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Petty_Officers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.2</span> <span>Petty Officers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Petty_Officers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contract_officers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contract_officers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.3</span> <span>Contract officers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contract_officers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Career_officers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Career_officers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.4</span> <span>Career officers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Career_officers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Customs_and_traditions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Customs_and_traditions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Customs and traditions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Customs_and_traditions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Customs and traditions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Customs_and_traditions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ranks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ranks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Ranks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ranks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Commissioned_officer_ranks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commissioned_officer_ranks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.1</span> <span>Commissioned officer ranks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commissioned_officer_ranks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_ranks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_ranks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.2</span> <span>Other ranks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_ranks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Addressing_officers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Addressing_officers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Addressing officers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Addressing_officers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uniforms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uniforms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Uniforms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uniforms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Military music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Future" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Future"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Future</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Future-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-French_naval_officers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#French_naval_officers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>French naval officers</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-French_naval_officers-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle French naval officers subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-French_naval_officers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Privateers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Privateers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Privateers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Privateers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Heroes_of_the_First_Republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heroes_of_the_First_Republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Heroes of the First Republic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heroes_of_the_First_Republic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Explorers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Explorers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Explorers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Explorers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_important_French_naval_officers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_important_French_naval_officers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>Other important French naval officers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_important_French_naval_officers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people_who_served_in_the_French_Navy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people_who_served_in_the_French_Navy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.5</span> <span>Notable people who served in the French Navy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people_who_served_in_the_French_Navy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-See_also-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle See also subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Marine_Nationale" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marine_Nationale"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Marine Nationale</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marine_Nationale-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">French Navy</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 43 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-43" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">43 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franse_Vloot" title="Franse Vloot – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Franse Vloot" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="البحرية الفرنسية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="البحرية الفرنسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morlu_gall" title="Morlu gall – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Morlu gall" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marina_francesa" title="Marina francesa – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Marina francesa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francouzsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1mo%C5%99nictvo" title="Francouzské námořnictvo – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Francouzské námořnictvo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_Franske_fl%C3%A5de" title="Den Franske flåde – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Den Franske flåde" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_Nationale" title="Marine Nationale – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Marine Nationale" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prantsuse_merev%C3%A4gi" title="Prantsuse merevägi – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Prantsuse merevägi" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%B8%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%9D%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_(%CE%93%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1)" title="Εθνικό Ναυτικό (Γαλλία) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εθνικό Ναυτικό (Γαλλία)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marina_Nacional_francesa" title="Marina Nacional francesa – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Marina Nacional francesa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franca_Mararmeo" title="Franca Mararmeo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Franca Mararmeo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frantziako_Itsas_Armada" title="Frantziako Itsas Armada – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Frantziako Itsas Armada" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%87" title="نیروی دریایی فرانسه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیروی دریایی فرانسه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_nationale_(France)" title="Marine nationale (France) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Marine nationale (France)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%8A%A4_%ED%95%B4%EA%B5%B0" title="프랑스 해군 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프랑스 해군" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%BC%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AE%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AA%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Ֆրանսիայի ռազմածովային ուժեր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆրանսիայի ռազմածովային ուժեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francuska_mornarica" title="Francuska mornarica – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Francuska mornarica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angkatan_Laut_Prancis" title="Angkatan Laut Prancis – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Angkatan Laut Prancis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_nationale" title="Marine nationale – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Marine nationale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%99" title="הצי הצרפתי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הצי הצרפתי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9A_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80" title="फ्रेंच नेव्ही – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="फ्रेंच नेव्ही" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tentera_Laut_Perancis" title="Tentera Laut Perancis – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tentera Laut Perancis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franse_marine" title="Franse marine – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Franse marine" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D" title="フランス海軍 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フランス海軍" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_nationale" title="Marine nationale – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Marine nationale" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_franske_marinen" title="Den franske marinen – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Den franske marinen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A2%C3%A8ne_nationale_franceyse" title="Mâène nationale franceyse – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Mâène nationale franceyse" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81" title="فرانسیسی بحریہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="فرانسیسی بحریہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%84%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%84%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%B9%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%84" title="កងទ័ពជើងទឹកបារាំង – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="កងទ័ពជើងទឹកបារាំង" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_nationale" title="Marine nationale – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Marine nationale" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marinha_Nacional_Francesa" title="Marinha Nacional Francesa – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Marinha Nacional Francesa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marina_Francez%C4%83" title="Marina Franceză – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Marina Franceză" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Военно-морские силы Франции – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Военно-морские силы Франции" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francuska_ratna_mornarica" title="Francuska ratna mornarica – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Francuska ratna mornarica" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranskan_merivoimat" title="Ranskan merivoimat – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ranskan merivoimat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankrikes_flotta" title="Frankrikes flotta – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Frankrikes flotta" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frans%C4%B1z_Deniz_Kuvvetleri" title="Fransız Deniz Kuvvetleri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fransız Deniz Kuvvetleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE-%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97" title="Військово-морські сили Франції – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Військово-морські сили Франції" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81" title="فرانسیسی بحریہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فرانسیسی بحریہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_nationale" title="Marine nationale – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Marine nationale" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BA%A3i_qu%C3%A2n_Ph%C3%A1p" title="Hải quân Pháp – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hải quân Pháp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D" title="法國海軍 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="法國海軍" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D" title="法國海軍 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="法國海軍" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q217406#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the military of France. For the 2009 single by Camera Obscura, see <a href="/wiki/My_Maudlin_Career" title="My Maudlin Career">My Maudlin Career</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"la Royale" redirects here. For other topics, see <a href="/wiki/Royale_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Royale (disambiguation)">Royale (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">French Navy</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Marine nationale</i></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:LOGO_MARINE_NATIONALE_2021.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/LOGO_MARINE_NATIONALE_2021.svg/200px-LOGO_MARINE_NATIONALE_2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/LOGO_MARINE_NATIONALE_2021.svg/300px-LOGO_MARINE_NATIONALE_2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/LOGO_MARINE_NATIONALE_2021.svg/400px-LOGO_MARINE_NATIONALE_2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="758" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Logo of the French Navy since 2021</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1626<span class="noprint">; 399 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1626</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span data-sort-value="France"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Navy" title="Navy">Navy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Role</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Naval_warfare" title="Naval warfare">Naval warfare</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">37,000 personnel (2021)<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_in_2016_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures_in_2016-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 7,000 civilians (2021)<br />180 ships<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />178 aircraft<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Naval_Action_Force" title="Naval Action Force">FAN</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Submarine_forces_(France)" title="Submarine forces (France)">FSM</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/French_Naval_Aviation" title="French Naval Aviation">AVIA</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/FORFUSCO" title="FORFUSCO">FORFUSCO</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Marseille_Marine_Fire_Battalion" class="mw-redirect" title="Marseille Marine Fire Battalion">Marins Pompiers</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Gendarmerie" title="Maritime Gendarmerie">Gendarmerie Maritime</a></b></li> <li><b>Service de soutien de la Flotte</b></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Garrison/HQ</th><td class="infobox-data"><b>Main</b>: <a href="/wiki/Brest_Arsenal" title="Brest Arsenal">Brest</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Longue" title="Île Longue">Île Longue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Military_port_of_Toulon" class="mw-redirect" title="Military port of Toulon">Toulon</a><br /><b>Secondary</b>: <a href="/wiki/Cherbourg" title="Cherbourg">Cherbourg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lorient" title="Lorient">Lorient</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Overseas_departments_and_territories_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Overseas departments and territories of France">French overseas territories</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Fort_Saint_Louis_(Martinique)" title="Fort Saint Louis (Martinique)">Fort de France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Degrad_des_Cannes" class="mw-redirect" title="Degrad des Cannes">Degrad des Cannes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Port_des_Galets" class="mw-redirect" title="Port des Galets">Port des Galets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dzaoudzi" title="Dzaoudzi">Dzaoudzi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Noum%C3%A9a" title="Nouméa">Nouméa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Papeete" title="Papeete">Papeete</a><br /><b>Overseas</b>: <a href="/wiki/Dakar" title="Dakar">Dakar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abu_Dhabi" title="Abu Dhabi">Abu Dhabi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Nickname(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>La Royale</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Motto(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Honneur,_patrie,_valeur,_discipline" title="Honneur, patrie, valeur, discipline">Honneur, patrie, valeur, discipline</a></i> <br />("Honour, homeland, valour, discipline")</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Colours</th><td class="infobox-data">Blue, white, red</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Ships</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Current_French_Navy_ships" class="mw-redirect" title="Current French Navy ships">Current fleet</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Engagements</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;"><div><i>See list</i></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Anglo-French_War_(1627%E2%80%931629)" title="Anglo-French War (1627–1629)">Anglo-French War (1627–1629)</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Franco-Spanish_War_(1635%E2%80%9359)" class="mw-redirect" title="Franco-Spanish War (1635–59)">Franco-Spanish War (1635–59)</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Dutch_War" title="Second Anglo-Dutch War">Second Anglo-Dutch War</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Franco-Dutch_War" title="Franco-Dutch War">Franco-Dutch War</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Nine_Years%27_War" title="Nine Years' War">Nine Years' War</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Spanish_Succession" title="War of the Spanish Succession">War of the Spanish Succession</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Austrian_Succession" title="War of the Austrian Succession">War of the Austrian Succession</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Anglo-French_War_(1778%E2%80%931783)" title="Anglo-French War (1778–1783)">Anglo-French War (1778–1783)</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="French Revolutionary Wars">French Revolutionary Wars</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/French_conquest_of_Algeria" title="French conquest of Algeria">French conquest of Algeria</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Tagus" title="Battle of the Tagus">Battle of the Tagus</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Pastry_War" title="Pastry War">Pastry War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Second_French_intervention_in_Mexico" title="Second French intervention in Mexico">Second French intervention in Mexico</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Sino-French_War" title="Sino-French War">Sino-French War</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/French_conquest_of_Morocco" title="French conquest of Morocco">French conquest of Morocco</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Indochina_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Indochina War">Indochina War</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Algerian_War" title="Algerian War">Algerian War</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Operation_Musketeer_(1956)" title="Operation Musketeer (1956)">Operation Musketeer</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Bizerte_crisis" title="Bizerte crisis">Bizerte crisis</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Civil_War" title="Lebanese Civil War">Lebanese Civil War</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Wars" title="Yugoslav Wars">Yugoslav Wars</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_War" title="Kosovo War">Kosovo War</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/1999_East_Timorese_crisis" title="1999 East Timorese crisis">1999 East Timorese crisis</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/War_on_Terror" class="mw-redirect" title="War on Terror">War on Terror</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–present)">War in Afghanistan</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ration_Harmattan" title="Opération Harmattan">Opération Harmattan</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Red_Sea_crisis" title="Red Sea crisis">Red Sea crisis</a> <br /> *<a href="/wiki/Operation_Aspides" title="Operation Aspides">Operation Aspides</a> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.defense.gouv.fr/marine">www<wbr />.defense<wbr />.gouv<wbr />.fr<wbr />/marine</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_Armed_Forces_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief of the Armed Forces (France)">Chief of the Armed Forces</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/President_of_France" title="President of France">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_the_French_Navy" title="Chief of Staff of the French Navy">Chef d'État-Major de la Marine, CEMM</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ranks_in_the_French_Navy" title="Ranks in the French Navy">Amiral</a> Nicolas Vaujour</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_the_French_Navy" title="Chief of Staff of the French Navy">Major Général de la Marine</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Vice-amiral d'escadre Stanislas Gourlez de la Motte</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Insignia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Insignia</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ranks_in_the_French_Navy" title="Ranks in the French Navy">Ranks in the French Navy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/French_ensigns" title="French ensigns">Naval ensign</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ensign_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ensign_of_France.svg/100px-Ensign_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ensign_of_France.svg/150px-Ensign_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ensign_of_France.svg/200px-Ensign_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Aircraft flown</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Attack_aircraft" title="Attack aircraft">Attack</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rafale" class="mw-redirect" title="Rafale">Rafale M</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Electronic_warfare" title="Electronic warfare">Electronic<br />warfare</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/E-2_Hawkeye" class="mw-redirect" title="E-2 Hawkeye">Hawkeye</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft" title="Fighter aircraft">Fighter</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rafale" class="mw-redirect" title="Rafale">Rafale M</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Helicopter" title="Helicopter">Helicopter</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/NH90" class="mw-redirect" title="NH90">NH90</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_Lynx" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurocopter Lynx">Eurocopter Lynx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_Panther" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurocopter Panther">Panther</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_Dauphin" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurocopter Dauphin">Dauphin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Patrol_aircraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrol aircraft">Patrol</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Atlantique_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlantique 2">Atlantique 2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Falcon_50" class="mw-redirect" title="Falcon 50">Falcon 50</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dassault_Falcon_20" title="Dassault Falcon 20">Falcon 200</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Trainer_(aircraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trainer (aircraft)">Trainer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mudry_CAP_10" title="Mudry CAP 10">Mudry CAP 10</a>, <a href="/wiki/Socata_Rallye" class="mw-redirect" title="Socata Rallye">MS-88 Rallye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Falcon_10" class="mw-redirect" title="Falcon 10">Falcon 10</a>, <a href="/wiki/Embraer_EMB_121_Xingu" title="Embraer EMB 121 Xingu">Xingu</a></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Marine_nationale924" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical plainlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div id="Marine_nationale924" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Marine nationale</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Parent unit</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><i><a href="/wiki/French_Armed_Forces" title="French Armed Forces">Armées françaises</a></i> (French military)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Force_d%27action_navale" class="mw-redirect" title="Force d'action navale">Force d'action navale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_forces_(France)" title="Submarine forces (France)">Forces sous-marines</a> (<a href="/wiki/Force_oc%C3%A9anique_strat%C3%A9gique" class="mw-redirect" title="Force océanique stratégique">FOST</a>, <a href="/wiki/Submarine_forces_(France)" title="Submarine forces (France)">ESNA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_navale" class="mw-redirect" title="Aviation navale">Aviation navale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FORFUSCO" title="FORFUSCO">FORFUSCO</a> (<a href="/wiki/Naval_commandos_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval commandos (France)">Commandos Marine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fusiliers_marins" title="Fusiliers marins">Fusiliers marins</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Gendarmerie" title="Maritime Gendarmerie">Gendarmerie Maritime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marseille_Marine_Fire_Battalion" class="mw-redirect" title="Marseille Marine Fire Battalion">Bataillon des marins pompiers de Marseille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commissariat" title="Commissariat">Commissariat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Service_de_soutien_de_la_flotte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Service de soutien de la flotte (page does not exist)">Service de soutien de la flotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_hydrographique_et_oc%C3%A9anographique_de_la_marine" class="mw-redirect" title="Service hydrographique et océanographique de la marine">Service hydrographique et océanographique de la marine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Service_de_l%27a%C3%A9ronautique_navale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Service de l'aéronautique navale (page does not exist)">Service de l'aéronautique navale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>The <b>French Navy</b> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Marine nationale</i>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[maʁin<span class="wrap"> </span>nɑsjɔnal]</a></span>, <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">National Navy</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>), informally <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">La Royale</i></span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[la<span class="wrap"> </span>ʁwajal]</a></span>, <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">The Royal [One]</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>), is the <a href="/wiki/Navy" title="Navy">maritime arm</a> of the <a href="/wiki/French_Armed_Forces" title="French Armed Forces">French Armed Forces</a> and one of the four military service branches of <a href="/wiki/History_of_France" title="History of France">France</a>. It is among the largest and most powerful <a href="/wiki/List_of_navies" title="List of navies">naval forces in the world</a> recognised as being a <a href="/wiki/Blue-water_navy" title="Blue-water navy">blue-water navy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The French Navy is capable of operating globally and conducting expeditionary missions, maintaining a significant <a href="/wiki/Standing_French_Navy_Deployments" title="Standing French Navy Deployments">overseas presence</a>. The French Navy is one of eight naval forces currently operating <a href="/wiki/Fixed-wing_aircraft" title="Fixed-wing aircraft">fixed-wing</a> <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_carrier" title="Aircraft carrier">aircraft carriers</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with its flagship <a href="/wiki/French_aircraft_carrier_Charles_de_Gaulle" title="French aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle"><i>Charles de Gaulle</i></a> being the only <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_marine_propulsion" title="Nuclear marine propulsion">nuclear-powered</a> aircraft carrier outside the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a>, and one of two non-American vessels to use <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_catapult" title="Aircraft catapult">catapults</a> to launch aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Founded in the 17th century, the French Navy is one of the oldest navies still in continuous service, with precursors dating back to the Middle Ages. It has taken part in key events in French history, including the Napoleonic Wars and both world wars, and played a critical role in establishing and securing the <a href="/wiki/French_colonial_empire" title="French colonial empire">French colonial empire</a> for over 400 years. The French Navy pioneered several innovations in naval technology, including the first steam-powered <a href="/wiki/Ship_of_the_line" title="Ship of the line">ship of the line</a>, first seagoing <a href="/wiki/Ironclad_warship" title="Ironclad warship">ironclad warship</a>, first mechanically propelled <a href="/wiki/Submarine" title="Submarine">submarine</a>, first steel-hulled warship, and first <a href="/wiki/Armoured_cruiser" class="mw-redirect" title="Armoured cruiser">armoured cruiser</a>. </p><p>The French Navy consists of six main components: the <a href="/wiki/Naval_Action_Force" title="Naval Action Force">Naval Action Force</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Submarine_forces_(France)" title="Submarine forces (France)">Submarine Forces</a> (<a href="/wiki/Force_oc%C3%A9anique_strat%C3%A9gique" class="mw-redirect" title="Force océanique stratégique">FOST</a> and <a href="/wiki/Submarine_forces_(France)" title="Submarine forces (France)">ESNA</a>), <a href="/wiki/French_Naval_Aviation" title="French Naval Aviation">French Naval Aviation</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Fusiliers_marins" title="Fusiliers marins">Navy Riflemen</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Naval_Commandos_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval Commandos (France)">Naval Commandos</a>), the <a href="/wiki/Marseille_Marine_Fire_Battalion" class="mw-redirect" title="Marseille Marine Fire Battalion">Marseille Naval Fire Battalion</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Maritime_Gendarmerie" title="Maritime Gendarmerie">Maritime Gendarmerie</a>. As of 2021, the French Navy employed 44,000 personnel (37,000 military and 7,000 civilian), more than 180 ships, 200 aircraft, and six commandos units;<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as of 2014, its <a href="/wiki/Military_reserve_forces_of_France" title="Military reserve forces of France">reserve element</a> numbered roughly 48,000.<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_in_2014_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures_in_2014-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It operates a wide range of fighting vessels, including various aeronaval forces, <a href="/wiki/SSN_(hull_classification_symbol)" title="SSN (hull classification symbol)">attack</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ballistic_missile_submarine" title="Ballistic missile submarine">ballistic missile</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_submarines_of_France" title="List of submarines of France">submarines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">frigates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Patrol_boat" title="Patrol boat">patrol boats</a> and support ships, with aircraft carrier <i>Charles de Gaulle</i> serving as the centerpiece of most expeditionary forces. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The history of French naval power dates back to the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>, and had three loci of evolution: </p> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a>, where the <i><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordre_de_Saint-Jean_de_J%C3%A9rusalem" class="extiw" title="fr:Ordre de Saint-Jean de Jérusalem">Ordre de Saint-Jean de Jérusalem</a></i> had its own navy, the <a href="/wiki/Levant_Fleet" title="Levant Fleet">Levant Fleet</a>, whose principal ports were <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9jus" title="Fréjus">Fréjus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Toulon" title="Toulon">Toulon</a>. The <i>Ordre</i>, which was both a religious and military order, recruited knights from the families of <a href="/wiki/French_nobility" title="French nobility">French nobility</a>. Members who had fulfilled their service at sea were granted the rank of <a href="/wiki/Knights_Hospitaller" title="Knights Hospitaller">Knights Hospitaller</a>, elites who served as the officer corps. The <i>Ordre</i> was one of the ancestors of modern French naval schools including the <a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Navale" class="mw-redirect" title="École Navale">French Naval Academy</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/English_Channel" title="English Channel">Manche</a> along <a href="/wiki/Normandy" title="Normandy">Normandy</a> which, since <a href="/wiki/William_the_Conqueror" title="William the Conqueror">William the Conqueror</a>, always tendered capable <a href="/wiki/Marines" title="Marines">marines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sailors" class="mw-redirect" title="Sailors">sailors</a> from its numerous active seaports.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a>, where the navy of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Brittany" title="Duchy of Brittany">Duchy of Brittany</a> eventually constituted the nucleus of the royal <i><a href="/wiki/Flotte_du_Ponant" class="mw-redirect" title="Flotte du Ponant">Flotte du Ponant</a>,</i> which projected French naval power across the Atlantic and the Americas.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Names_and_symbols">Names and symbols</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Names and symbols"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first true French Royal Navy (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">la Marine Royale</i>) was established in 1626 by <a href="/wiki/Armand_Jean_du_Plessis_de_Richelieu" class="mw-redirect" title="Armand Jean du Plessis de Richelieu">Cardinal Richelieu</a>, chief minister to <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIII_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XIII of France">King Louis XIII</a>. During the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a>, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">la Marine Royale</i></span> was formally renamed <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">la Marine Nationale</i></span>. Under the <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">First French Empire</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">Second French Empire</a>, the navy was designated as the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_French_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial French Navy">Imperial French Navy</a> (<span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">la Marine impériale française</i></span>). Institutionally, however, the navy has never lost its short familiar nickname, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">la Royale</i></span>. </p><p>The original symbol of the French Navy was a golden <a href="/wiki/Anchor" title="Anchor">anchor</a>, which, beginning in 1830, was interlaced by a <a href="/wiki/Sheet_(sailing)" title="Sheet (sailing)">sailing rope</a>; this symbol was featured on all naval vessels, arms, and uniforms.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although anchor symbols are still used on uniforms, a new naval logo was introduced in 1990 under <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_the_French_Navy" title="Chief of Staff of the French Navy">Naval Chief of Staff</a> Bernard Louzeau, featuring a modern design that incorporates the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_France" title="Flag of France">tricolour</a>—by flanking the bow section of a white warship with two ascending red and blue spray foams—and the inscription "<span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Marine nationale</i></span>". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_French_Navy" title="History of the French Navy">History of the French Navy</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="border-collapse: collapse;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/French_Armed_Forces" title="French Armed Forces">French Armed Forces</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/125px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/188px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/250px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em; border-top:#aaa 1px solid;"> Components</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding:0.3em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Air_and_Space_Force" title="French Air and Space Force">Armée de l'Air et de l'Espace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Army" title="French Army">Armée de Terre</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Marine nationale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Gendarmerie" title="National Gendarmerie">Gendarmerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Guard_(France)" title="National Guard (France)">Garde nationale</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em; border-top:#aaa 1px solid;"> Ranks</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding:0.3em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_in_the_French_Army" title="Ranks in the French Army">Ranks in the French Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_in_the_French_Navy" title="Ranks in the French Navy">Ranks in the French Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_in_the_French_Air_and_Space_Force" title="Ranks in the French Air and Space Force">Ranks in the French Air and Space Force</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em; border-top:#aaa 1px solid;"> History</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding:0.3em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_France" title="Military history of France">Military history of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grande_Arm%C3%A9e" title="Grande Armée">La Grande Armée</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding:0 0.2em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:French_military" title="Template:French military"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:French_military" title="Template talk:French military"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:French_military" title="Special:EditPage/Template:French military"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ancre_Marine_nationale.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Ancre_Marine_nationale.svg/160px-Ancre_Marine_nationale.svg.png" decoding="async" width="160" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Ancre_Marine_nationale.svg/240px-Ancre_Marine_nationale.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Ancre_Marine_nationale.svg/320px-Ancre_Marine_nationale.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="652" data-file-height="770" /></a><figcaption>The historic "Golden Anchor" symbol</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="17th_century">17th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 17th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cardinal Richelieu personally supervised the Navy until his death in 1643.<sup id="cite_ref-Auphan1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Auphan1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was succeeded by his protégé, <a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Colbert" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean Baptiste Colbert">Jean Baptiste Colbert</a>, who introduced the first code of regulations of the French Navy and established the original naval dockyards in <a href="/wiki/Brest,_France" title="Brest, France">Brest</a> and <a href="/wiki/Toulon" title="Toulon">Toulon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Auphan1_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Auphan1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Colbert and his son, the <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Colbert,_Marquis_de_Seignelay" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Marquis de Seignelay">Marquis de Seignelay</a>, between them administered the Navy for twenty-nine years.<sup id="cite_ref-Auphan1_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Auphan1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During this century, the Navy cut its teeth in the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-French_War_(1627%E2%80%931629)" title="Anglo-French War (1627–1629)">Anglo-French War (1627–1629)</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Franco-Spanish_War_(1635%E2%80%9359)" class="mw-redirect" title="Franco-Spanish War (1635–59)">Franco-Spanish War (1635–59)</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Dutch_War" title="Second Anglo-Dutch War">Second Anglo-Dutch War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Franco-Dutch_War" title="Franco-Dutch War">Franco-Dutch War</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Nine_Years%27_War" title="Nine Years' War">Nine Years' War</a>. Major battles in these years include the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Augusta" title="Battle of Augusta">Battle of Augusta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Beachy_Head_(1690)" title="Battle of Beachy Head (1690)">Battle of Beachy Head</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Battles_of_Barfleur_and_La_Hougue" title="Battles of Barfleur and La Hougue">Battles of Barfleur and La Hougue</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lagos_(1693)" title="Battle of Lagos (1693)">Battle of Lagos</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Texel_(1694)" title="Battle of Texel (1694)">Battle of Texel</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="18th_century">18th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 18th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Armement_d%27une_fr%C3%A9gate_%C3%A0_Brest_en_1773.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Armement_d%27une_fr%C3%A9gate_%C3%A0_Brest_en_1773.jpg/220px-Armement_d%27une_fr%C3%A9gate_%C3%A0_Brest_en_1773.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Armement_d%27une_fr%C3%A9gate_%C3%A0_Brest_en_1773.jpg/330px-Armement_d%27une_fr%C3%A9gate_%C3%A0_Brest_en_1773.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Armement_d%27une_fr%C3%A9gate_%C3%A0_Brest_en_1773.jpg/440px-Armement_d%27une_fr%C3%A9gate_%C3%A0_Brest_en_1773.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1261" data-file-height="1019" /></a><figcaption>Armament of a frigate in Brest, 1773</figcaption></figure> <p>The 1700s opened with the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Spanish_Succession" title="War of the Spanish Succession">War of the Spanish Succession</a>, over a decade long, followed by the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Austrian_Succession" title="War of the Austrian Succession">War of the Austrian Succession</a> in the 1740s. Principal engagements of these wars include the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vigo_Bay" title="Battle of Vigo Bay">Battle of Vigo Bay</a> and two separate <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Finisterre_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Battle of Cape Finisterre (disambiguation)">Battles of Cape Finisterre</a> in 1747. The most grueling conflict for the Navy, however, was the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a>, in which it was virtually destroyed.<sup id="cite_ref-Auphan1_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Auphan1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Significant actions include the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cap-Fran%C3%A7ais" title="Battle of Cap-Français">Battle of Cap-Français</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Quiberon_Bay" title="Battle of Quiberon Bay">Battle of Quiberon Bay</a>, and another <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Finisterre_(1761)" title="Battle of Cape Finisterre (1761)">Battle of Cape Finisterre</a>. </p><p>The Navy regrouped and rebuilt, and within 15 years it was eager to join the fray when <a href="/wiki/France_in_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="France in the American Revolutionary War">France intervened</a> in the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Auphan1_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Auphan1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though outnumbered everywhere, the French fleets held the British at bay for years until victory.<sup id="cite_ref-Auphan1_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Auphan1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After this conflict and the concomitant <a href="/wiki/Anglo-French_War_(1778%E2%80%931783)" title="Anglo-French War (1778–1783)">Anglo-French War (1778–1783)</a>, the Navy emerged at a new height in its history.<sup id="cite_ref-Auphan1_13-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Auphan1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Major battles in these years include the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Chesapeake" title="Battle of the Chesapeake">Battle of the Chesapeake</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Henry" title="Battle of Cape Henry">Battle of Cape Henry</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Grenada" title="Battle of Grenada">Battle of Grenada</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Dominica_(1778)" title="Invasion of Dominica (1778)">invasion of Dominica</a>, and three separate <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ushant_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Battle of Ushant (disambiguation)">Battles of Ushant</a>. </p><p>Within less than a decade, however, the Navy was decimated by the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a> when large numbers of veteran officers were dismissed or executed for their noble lineage.<sup id="cite_ref-Auphan1_13-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Auphan1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nonetheless, the Navy fought vigorously through the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="French Revolutionary Wars">French Revolutionary Wars</a> as well as the <a href="/wiki/Quasi-War" title="Quasi-War">Quasi-War</a>. Significant actions include a fourth Battle of Ushant (known in English as the <a href="/wiki/Glorious_First_of_June" title="Glorious First of June">Glorious First of June</a>), the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Groix" title="Battle of Groix">Battle of Groix</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_campaign_of_May_1794" title="Atlantic campaign of May 1794">Atlantic campaign of May 1794</a>, the <a href="/wiki/French_expedition_to_Ireland_(1796)" title="French expedition to Ireland (1796)">French expedition to Ireland</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tory_Island" title="Battle of Tory Island">Battle of Tory Island</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Nile" title="Battle of the Nile">Battle of the Nile</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th_century">19th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Napol%C3%A9on_inspectant_l%27escadre_de_Cherbourg_en_mai_1811_-_Rougeron_et_Vignerot.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Napol%C3%A9on_inspectant_l%27escadre_de_Cherbourg_en_mai_1811_-_Rougeron_et_Vignerot.jpg/180px-Napol%C3%A9on_inspectant_l%27escadre_de_Cherbourg_en_mai_1811_-_Rougeron_et_Vignerot.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Napol%C3%A9on_inspectant_l%27escadre_de_Cherbourg_en_mai_1811_-_Rougeron_et_Vignerot.jpg/270px-Napol%C3%A9on_inspectant_l%27escadre_de_Cherbourg_en_mai_1811_-_Rougeron_et_Vignerot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Napol%C3%A9on_inspectant_l%27escadre_de_Cherbourg_en_mai_1811_-_Rougeron_et_Vignerot.jpg/360px-Napol%C3%A9on_inspectant_l%27escadre_de_Cherbourg_en_mai_1811_-_Rougeron_et_Vignerot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="937" data-file-height="1162" /></a><figcaption>Napoleon inspecting the fleet of Cherbourg in May 1811 (by Rougeron and Vignerot)</figcaption></figure> <p>Other engagements of the Revolutionary Wars ensued in the early 1800s, including the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Malta_Convoy_(1800)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Malta Convoy (1800)">Battle of the Malta Convoy</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Algeciras_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Algeciras Campaign">Algeciras Campaign</a>. The Quasi-War wound down with single-ship actions including <a href="/wiki/USS_Constellation_vs_La_Vengeance" title="USS Constellation vs La Vengeance">USS <i>Constellation</i> vs <i>La Vengeance</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/USS_Enterprise_vs_Flambeau" title="USS Enterprise vs Flambeau">USS <i>Enterprise</i> vs <i>Flambeau</i></a>. </p><p>When <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a> was crowned Emperor in 1804, he attempted to restore the Navy to a position that would enable his plan for an invasion of England.<sup id="cite_ref-Auphan1_13-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Auphan1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His dreams were dashed by the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trafalgar" title="Battle of Trafalgar">Battle of Trafalgar</a> in 1805, where the British all but annihilated a combined Franco-Spanish fleet, a disaster that guaranteed British naval superiority throughout the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a>. Still, the Navy did not shrink from action: among the engagements of this time were the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Basque_Roads" title="Battle of the Basque Roads">Battle of the Basque Roads</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Grand_Port" title="Battle of Grand Port">Battle of Grand Port</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Mauritius_campaign_of_1809%E2%80%9311" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauritius campaign of 1809–11">Mauritius campaign of 1809–11</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lissa_(1811)" title="Battle of Lissa (1811)">Battle of Lissa</a>. </p><p>After Napoleon's fall in 1815, the long era of Anglo-French rivalry on the seas began to close, and the Navy became more of an instrument for expanding the <a href="/wiki/French_colonial_empire" title="French colonial empire">French colonial empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Auphan1_13-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Auphan1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under King <a href="/wiki/Charles_X_of_France" title="Charles X of France">Charles X</a>, the two nations' fleets fought side by side in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Navarino" title="Battle of Navarino">Battle of Navarino</a>, and throughout the rest of the century they generally behaved in a manner that paved the way for the <a href="/wiki/Entente_Cordiale" title="Entente Cordiale">Entente Cordiale</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Auphan1_13-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Auphan1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Charles X sent a large fleet to execute the <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Algiers_in_1830" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasion of Algiers in 1830">invasion of Algiers in 1830</a>. The next year, his successor, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Philippe_I" title="Louis Philippe I">Louis Philippe I</a>, made a show of force against Portugal at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Tagus" title="Battle of the Tagus">Battle of the Tagus</a>, and in 1838 conducted another display of <a href="/wiki/Gunboat_diplomacy" title="Gunboat diplomacy">gunboat diplomacy</a>, this time in Mexico at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Veracruz_(1838)" title="Battle of Veracruz (1838)">Battle of Veracruz</a>. Beginning in 1845, a five-year <a href="/wiki/Anglo-French_blockade_of_the_R%C3%ADo_de_la_Plata" title="Anglo-French blockade of the Río de la Plata">Anglo-French blockade of the Río de la Plata</a> was imposed on Argentina over trade rights. </p><p>The Emperor <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III" title="Napoleon III">Napoleon III</a> was determined to follow an even stronger foreign policy than his predecessors, and the Navy was involved in a multitude of actions around the world. He joined in the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War</a> in 1854; major actions for the Navy include the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Petropavlovsk" title="Siege of Petropavlovsk">siege of Petropavlovsk</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kinburn_(1855)" title="Battle of Kinburn (1855)">Battle of Kinburn</a>. The Navy was heavily involved in the <a href="/wiki/Cochinchina_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Cochinchina Campaign">Cochinchina Campaign</a> in 1858, the <a href="/wiki/Second_Opium_War" title="Second Opium War">Second Opium War</a> in China, and the <a href="/wiki/Second_French_intervention_in_Mexico" title="Second French intervention in Mexico">French intervention in Mexico</a>. It took part in the <a href="/wiki/French_expedition_to_Korea" title="French expedition to Korea">French expedition to Korea</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Shimonoseki_campaign" title="Shimonoseki campaign">Shimonoseki campaign</a>. In the <a href="/wiki/Franco-Prussian_War" title="Franco-Prussian War">Franco-Prussian War</a> in 1870, the Navy imposed an effective blockade of Germany, but events on land proceeded at such a rapid pace that it was superfluous. Isolated engagements between French and German ships took place in other theaters, but the war was over in a matter of weeks.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Navy continued to protect colonial safety and expansion under the <a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">French Third Republic</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Sino-French_War" title="Sino-French War">Sino-French War</a> saw considerable naval action including the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fuzhou" title="Battle of Fuzhou">Battle of Fuzhou</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Shipu" title="Battle of Shipu">Battle of Shipu</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Pescadores_campaign_(1885)" title="Pescadores campaign (1885)">Pescadores Campaign</a>. In Vietnam, the Navy helped wage the <a href="/wiki/Tonkin_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Tonkin Campaign">Tonkin Campaign</a> which included the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Thu%E1%BA%ADn_An" title="Battle of Thuận An">Battle of Thuận An</a>, and it later participated in the <a href="/wiki/Franco-Siamese_conflict_of_1893" class="mw-redirect" title="Franco-Siamese conflict of 1893">Franco-Siamese conflict of 1893</a>. </p><p>The 19th century French Navy brought forth numerous new technologies. It led the development of <a href="/wiki/Naval_artillery" title="Naval artillery">naval artillery</a> with its invention of the highly effective <a href="/wiki/Paixhans_gun" title="Paixhans gun">Paixhans gun</a>. In 1850, <a href="/wiki/French_ship_Napol%C3%A9on_(1850)" title="French ship Napoléon (1850)"><i>Napoléon</i></a> became the first steam-powered <a href="/wiki/Ship_of_the_line" title="Ship of the line">ship of the line</a> in history, and <a href="/wiki/French_ironclad_Gloire" title="French ironclad Gloire"><i>Gloire</i></a> became the first seagoing <a href="/wiki/Ironclad_warship" title="Ironclad warship">ironclad warship</a> nine years later. In 1863, the Navy launched <a href="/wiki/French_submarine_Plongeur" title="French submarine Plongeur"><i>Plongeur</i></a>, the first submarine in the world to be propelled by mechanical power. In 1876, <a href="/wiki/French_ironclad_Redoutable" title="French ironclad Redoutable"><i>Redoutable</i></a> became the first steel-hulled warship ever. In 1887, <a href="/w/index.php?title=French_cruiser_Dupuy_de_L%C3%B4me_(1887)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French cruiser Dupuy de Lôme (1887) (page does not exist)"><i>Dupuy de Lôme</i></a> became the world's first <a href="/wiki/Armoured_cruiser" class="mw-redirect" title="Armoured cruiser">armoured cruiser</a>. </p><p>During the latter part of the century, French officers developed the so-called <i><a href="/wiki/Jeune_%C3%89cole" title="Jeune École">Jeune École</a></i> (Young School) theory that emphasized the use of small, cheap <a href="/wiki/Torpedo_boat" title="Torpedo boat">torpedo boats</a> to destroy expensive battleships, coupled with long-range commerce raiders to attack an opponent's merchant fleet. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:French_battleship_Richelieu_underway_in_the_Atlantic_Ocean_on_26_August_1943_(80-G-78789).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/French_battleship_Richelieu_underway_in_the_Atlantic_Ocean_on_26_August_1943_%2880-G-78789%29.jpg/200px-French_battleship_Richelieu_underway_in_the_Atlantic_Ocean_on_26_August_1943_%2880-G-78789%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/French_battleship_Richelieu_underway_in_the_Atlantic_Ocean_on_26_August_1943_%2880-G-78789%29.jpg/300px-French_battleship_Richelieu_underway_in_the_Atlantic_Ocean_on_26_August_1943_%2880-G-78789%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/French_battleship_Richelieu_underway_in_the_Atlantic_Ocean_on_26_August_1943_%2880-G-78789%29.jpg/400px-French_battleship_Richelieu_underway_in_the_Atlantic_Ocean_on_26_August_1943_%2880-G-78789%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5584" data-file-height="4424" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/List_of_battleships_of_France" title="List of battleships of France">Battleship</a> <a href="/wiki/French_battleship_Richelieu" title="French battleship Richelieu"><i>Richelieu</i></a>, 1943</figcaption></figure> <p>The first <a href="/wiki/Seaplane" title="Seaplane">seaplane</a>, the French <a href="/wiki/Fabre_Hydravion" title="Fabre Hydravion">Fabre Hydravion</a>, was flown in 1910, and the first <a href="/wiki/Seaplane_carrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Seaplane carrier">seaplane carrier</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_seaplane_carrier_Foudre" title="French seaplane carrier Foudre"><i>Foudre</i></a>, was christened in the following year.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite that innovation, the general development of the French Navy slowed down in the beginning of the 20th century as the naval arms race between Germany and Great Britain grew in intensity. </p><p>It entered <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> with relatively few modern vessels, and during the war few warships were built because the main French effort was on land. While the British held control of the North Sea, the French held the Mediterranean, where they mostly kept watch on the <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Navy" title="Austro-Hungarian Navy">Austro-Hungarian Navy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Auphan1_13-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Auphan1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The largest operations of the Navy were conducted during the <a href="/wiki/Naval_operations_in_the_Dardanelles_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval operations in the Dardanelles Campaign">Dardanelles Campaign</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Auphan1_13-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Auphan1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 1916, during the <a href="/wiki/Noemvriana" title="Noemvriana">Noemvriana</a> events, French warships also bombarded Athens, trying to force the pro-German government of Greece to change its policies.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The French Navy also played an important role in countering Germany's <a href="/wiki/U-boat_Campaign_(World_War_I)" class="mw-redirect" title="U-boat Campaign (World War I)">U-boat campaign</a> by regularly patrolling the seas and escorting convoys.<sup id="cite_ref-Auphan1_13-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Auphan1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fregate_antia%C3%A9rienne.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Fregate_antia%C3%A9rienne.jpeg/180px-Fregate_antia%C3%A9rienne.jpeg" decoding="async" width="180" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Fregate_antia%C3%A9rienne.jpeg/270px-Fregate_antia%C3%A9rienne.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Fregate_antia%C3%A9rienne.jpeg/360px-Fregate_antia%C3%A9rienne.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="579" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>A <i>Cassard</i>-class frigate</figcaption></figure> <p>Between the World Wars, the Navy modernized and expanded significantly, even in the face of limitations set by the 1922 <a href="/wiki/Washington_Naval_Treaty" title="Washington Naval Treaty">Washington Naval Treaty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Auphan1_13-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Auphan1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> New additions included the heavy and fast <a href="/wiki/Fantasque-class_destroyer" class="mw-redirect" title="Fantasque-class destroyer"><i>Fantasque</i> class</a> "super-<a href="/wiki/Destroyer" title="Destroyer">destroyers</a>", the <a href="/wiki/Richelieu-class_battleship" title="Richelieu-class battleship"><i>Richelieu</i>-class</a> battleships, and the submarine <a href="/wiki/French_submarine_Surcouf" title="French submarine Surcouf"><i>Surcouf</i></a> which was the largest and most powerful of its day. </p><p>From the start of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the Navy was involved in a number of operations, participating in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Atlantic" title="Battle of the Atlantic">Battle of the Atlantic</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Norwegian Campaign">Norwegian Campaign</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Dunkirk_evacuation" title="Dunkirk evacuation">Dunkirk evacuation</a> and, briefly, the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Mediterranean" title="Battle of the Mediterranean">Battle of the Mediterranean</a>. However, after the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Fall of France">fall of France</a> in June 1940, the Navy was obligated to remain neutral under the terms of the armistice that created the truncated state of <a href="/wiki/Vichy_France" title="Vichy France">Vichy France</a>. Worldwide, some 100 naval vessels and their crews heeded General <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a>'s call to join forces with the British, but the bulk of the fleet, including all its capital ships, transferred loyalty to Vichy French Navy (Marine de Vichy). Concerned that the <a href="/wiki/Kriegsmarine" title="Kriegsmarine">German Navy</a> might somehow gain control of the ships, the British mounted an <a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Mers-el-K%C3%A9bir" title="Attack on Mers-el-Kébir">attack on Mers-el-Kébir</a>, the Algerian city where many of them were harbored. The incident poisoned Anglo-French relations, leading to Vichy reprisals and a full-scale <a href="/wiki/Naval_Battle_of_Casablanca" title="Naval Battle of Casablanca">naval battle at Casablanca</a> in 1942 when the Allies invaded <a href="/wiki/French_North_Africa" title="French North Africa">French North Africa</a>. But the confrontations were set aside once the Germans <a href="/wiki/Case_Anton" title="Case Anton">occupied Vichy France</a>. The capital ships were a primary goal of the occupation, but before they could be seized they were <a href="/wiki/Scuttling_of_the_French_fleet_in_Toulon" class="mw-redirect" title="Scuttling of the French fleet in Toulon">scuttled by their own crews</a>. A few small ships and submarines managed to escape in time, and these joined de Gaulle's <a href="/wiki/Free_French_Naval_Forces" title="Free French Naval Forces">Free French Naval Forces</a>, an arm of <a href="/wiki/Free_France" title="Free France">Free France</a> that fought as an adjunct of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> until the end of the war. In the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_War" title="Pacific War">Pacific theatre</a> as well, Free French vessels operated until the Japanese capitulation; <a href="/wiki/French_battleship_Richelieu" title="French battleship Richelieu"><i>Richelieu</i></a> was present at the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Instrument_of_Surrender" title="Japanese Instrument of Surrender">Japanese Instrument of Surrender</a>. </p><p>The Navy later provided fire support and troop transport in the <a href="/wiki/Indochina_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Indochina War">Indochina War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Algerian_War" title="Algerian War">Algerian War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_War" title="Kosovo War">Kosovo War</a>. </p><p>Since 2000, the Navy has given logistical support to the <a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)</a> as well as the global <a href="/wiki/War_on_Terror" class="mw-redirect" title="War on Terror">War on Terror</a>. In 2011, it assisted <a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ration_Harmattan" title="Opération Harmattan">Opération Harmattan</a> in Libya. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1275594942">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center .gallery{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left .gallery{justify-content:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right .gallery{justify-content:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;padding:0 4px 4px;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallery.gallery.gallery{line-height:1.35em;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;column-gap:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;padding:4px;text-align:right;font-size:85%;line-height:1em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div *,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div *{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallerybox img{background:none!important}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img{outline:solid var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)1px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb{background:var(--background-color-base,#fff)!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img[alt*="\200b \200b \200b 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img{background:none!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb img:not([alt*="\200b \200b \200b "]):not([alt*="\200b \200b \200c "]){background:white!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mod-gallery img[alt*="\200b \200b \200b "]{filter:invert(1)hue-rotate(180deg)}}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RAM_BRF_PA-Ng_FDI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The French Navy as planned for the late 2030s: a Bâtiment ravitailleur de forces (fleet tanker) conducts simultaneous underway replenishment with the Future French aircraft carrier and with a Frégate de défense et d'intervention (Defence and Intervention Frigate)."><img alt="The French Navy as planned for the late 2030s: a Bâtiment ravitailleur de forces (fleet tanker) conducts simultaneous underway replenishment with the Future French aircraft carrier and with a Frégate de défense et d'intervention (Defence and Intervention Frigate)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/RAM_BRF_PA-Ng_FDI.jpg/180px-RAM_BRF_PA-Ng_FDI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/RAM_BRF_PA-Ng_FDI.jpg/270px-RAM_BRF_PA-Ng_FDI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/RAM_BRF_PA-Ng_FDI.jpg/360px-RAM_BRF_PA-Ng_FDI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4800" data-file-height="3198" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The French Navy as planned for the late 2030s: a <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A2timent_ravitailleur_de_forces" title="Bâtiment ravitailleur de forces">Bâtiment ravitailleur de forces</a> (fleet tanker) conducts simultaneous <a href="/wiki/Underway_replenishment" title="Underway replenishment">underway replenishment</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Future_French_aircraft_carrier" title="Future French aircraft carrier">Future French aircraft carrier</a> and with a <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9gate_de_d%C3%A9fense_et_d%27intervention" class="mw-redirect" title="Frégate de défense et d'intervention">Frégate de défense et d'intervention</a> (Defence and Intervention Frigate).</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organisation">Organisation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Organisation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:French_navy_facilities_in_metropolitan_France_corrected_2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/French_navy_facilities_in_metropolitan_France_corrected_2.svg/440px-French_navy_facilities_in_metropolitan_France_corrected_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="440" height="440" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/French_navy_facilities_in_metropolitan_France_corrected_2.svg/660px-French_navy_facilities_in_metropolitan_France_corrected_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/French_navy_facilities_in_metropolitan_France_corrected_2.svg/880px-French_navy_facilities_in_metropolitan_France_corrected_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1795" data-file-height="1796" /></a><figcaption>French navy facilities in metropolitan France (status 2015)</figcaption></figure> <p>The chief of the naval staff is Vice-admiral d’escadre <a href="/wiki/Arnaud_de_Tarl%C3%A9" title="Arnaud de Tarlé">Arnaud de Tarlé</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and as of 2014 the Navy has an active strength of 36,776 military personnel and 2,909 civilian staff.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Navy is organised into four main operational branches: </p> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Force_d%27Action_Navale" class="mw-redirect" title="Force d'Action Navale">Force d'Action Navale</a> (Naval Action Force) – Surface fleet.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Forces_Sous-marines" class="mw-redirect" title="Forces Sous-marines">Forces Sous-marines</a> (Submarine forces) – Nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines and fleet submarines.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Aviation_Navale" class="mw-redirect" title="Aviation Navale">Aviation Navale</a> (Naval air force) – Ground and sea-based aircraft.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Fusiliers_Marins" class="mw-redirect" title="Fusiliers Marins">Fusiliers Marins</a> (Naval riflemen) – Protection force and infantry including the Navy special forces (<a href="/wiki/Commandos_Marine" title="Commandos Marine">Commandos Marine</a>).</li></ul> <p>In addition, the <a href="/wiki/National_Gendarmerie" title="National Gendarmerie">National Gendarmerie</a> of France maintain a maritime force of patrol boats that falls under the operational command of the French Navy: </p> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Gendarmerie_maritime" class="mw-redirect" title="Gendarmerie maritime">Gendarmerie maritime</a> – The coast guard of France.</li></ul> <p>During most of the Cold War, the Navy was organised in two squadrons based in Brest and Toulon, commanded by ALESCLANT (<i>Amiral commandant l'escadre de l'Atlantique</i>) and ALESCMED (<i>Amiral commandant l'escadre de la Méditerranée</i>) respectively. Since the post-Cold War restructuring process named Optimar '95, the two components have been divided into the Naval Action Force (commanded by ALFAN) and the Antisubmarine Group (commanded by ALGASM).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Main_naval_bases">Main naval bases</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Main naval bases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2014, the largest French naval base is the <a href="/wiki/Military_port_of_Toulon" class="mw-redirect" title="Military port of Toulon">military port of Toulon</a>. Other major bases in metropolitan France are the <a href="/wiki/Brest_Arsenal" title="Brest Arsenal">Brest Arsenal</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Longue" title="Île Longue">Île Longue</a> on the Atlantic, and <a href="/wiki/Cherbourg_Naval_Base" title="Cherbourg Naval Base">Cherbourg Naval Base</a> on the English Channel. Overseas French bases include <a href="/wiki/Fort_Saint_Louis_(Martinique)" title="Fort Saint Louis (Martinique)">Fort de France</a> and <a href="/wiki/Degrad_des_Cannes" class="mw-redirect" title="Degrad des Cannes">Degrad des Cannes</a> in the Americas; <a href="/wiki/Port_des_Galets" class="mw-redirect" title="Port des Galets">Port des Galets</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dzaoudzi" title="Dzaoudzi">Dzaoudzi</a> in the Indian Ocean; and <a href="/wiki/Noum%C3%A9a" title="Nouméa">Nouméa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Papeete" title="Papeete">Papeete</a> in the Pacific. In addition, the navy shares or leases bases in foreign locales such as <a href="/wiki/Abu_Dhabi" title="Abu Dhabi">Abu Dhabi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dakar" title="Dakar">Dakar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Djibouti_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Djibouti (city)">Djibouti</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Equipment">Equipment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Equipment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:French_destroyer_Chevalier_Paul_(D621)_underway_in_the_Mediterranean_Sea_on_15_July_2017.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/French_destroyer_Chevalier_Paul_%28D621%29_underway_in_the_Mediterranean_Sea_on_15_July_2017.JPG/220px-French_destroyer_Chevalier_Paul_%28D621%29_underway_in_the_Mediterranean_Sea_on_15_July_2017.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/French_destroyer_Chevalier_Paul_%28D621%29_underway_in_the_Mediterranean_Sea_on_15_July_2017.JPG/330px-French_destroyer_Chevalier_Paul_%28D621%29_underway_in_the_Mediterranean_Sea_on_15_July_2017.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/French_destroyer_Chevalier_Paul_%28D621%29_underway_in_the_Mediterranean_Sea_on_15_July_2017.JPG/440px-French_destroyer_Chevalier_Paul_%28D621%29_underway_in_the_Mediterranean_Sea_on_15_July_2017.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2404" data-file-height="1798" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Horizon-class_frigate" title="Horizon-class frigate">Horizon-class frigate</a> <a href="/wiki/French_frigate_Chevalier_Paul" title="French frigate Chevalier Paul"><i>Chevalier Paul</i></a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Patrouilleur_Outre-Mer-Illustration_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Patrouilleur_Outre-Mer-Illustration_1.jpg/220px-Patrouilleur_Outre-Mer-Illustration_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Patrouilleur_Outre-Mer-Illustration_1.jpg/330px-Patrouilleur_Outre-Mer-Illustration_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Patrouilleur_Outre-Mer-Illustration_1.jpg/440px-Patrouilleur_Outre-Mer-Illustration_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5621" data-file-height="3666" /></a><figcaption>Illustration: <a href="/wiki/Patrouilleur_Outre-mer" title="Patrouilleur Outre-mer">Patrouilleur Outre-mer</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FS_Casabianca_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/FS_Casabianca_03.jpg/220px-FS_Casabianca_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/FS_Casabianca_03.jpg/330px-FS_Casabianca_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/FS_Casabianca_03.jpg/440px-FS_Casabianca_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="748" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Rubis-class_submarine" title="Rubis-class submarine"><i>Rubis</i>-class submarine</a> <a href="/wiki/French_submarine_Casabianca_(S603)" title="French submarine Casabianca (S603)"><i>Casabianca</i></a> in 2005</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FS_CdG_Dauphin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/FS_CdG_Dauphin.jpg/220px-FS_CdG_Dauphin.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/FS_CdG_Dauphin.jpg/330px-FS_CdG_Dauphin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/FS_CdG_Dauphin.jpg/440px-FS_CdG_Dauphin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="498" /></a><figcaption>A French Navy <a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS365_Dauphin" title="Eurocopter AS365 Dauphin">AS365 F Dauphin helicopter</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ships_and_submarines">Ships and submarines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Ships and submarines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_active_French_Navy_ships" title="List of active French Navy ships">List of active French Navy ships</a></div> <p>Although French <a href="/wiki/Naval_doctrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval doctrine">naval doctrine</a> calls for two <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_carrier" title="Aircraft carrier">aircraft carriers</a>, the French only have one, <a href="/wiki/French_aircraft_carrier_Charles_de_Gaulle" title="French aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle"><i>Charles de Gaulle</i></a>. Originally a planned order for <a href="/wiki/French_aircraft_carrier_PA2" title="French aircraft carrier PA2">French aircraft carrier PA2</a> was based on the design of the British <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth-class_aircraft_carrier" title="Queen Elizabeth-class aircraft carrier"><i>Queen Elizabeth</i>-class aircraft carrier</a> recently constructed and launched for the British Royal Navy. However, the French programme had been delayed several times for budgetary reasons and the result was priority being given to the more exportable <a href="/wiki/FREMM" class="mw-redirect" title="FREMM">FREMM</a> project. In April 2013 it was confirmed that the second aircraft carrier project would be abandoned due to defence cuts announced in the <a href="/wiki/2013_French_White_Paper_on_Defence_and_National_Security" title="2013 French White Paper on Defence and National Security">2013 French White Paper on Defence and National Security</a>. </p><p>The French Navy operates three <a href="/wiki/Amphibious_assault_ship" title="Amphibious assault ship">amphibious assault ships</a>, ten <a href="/wiki/Air_defence" class="mw-redirect" title="Air defence">air defence</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anti-submarine" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-submarine">anti-submarine</a> <a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">frigates</a>, five general purpose frigates and has a commitment to six <a href="/wiki/SSN_(hull_classification_symbol)" title="SSN (hull classification symbol)">fleet submarines</a> (SSNs). These vessels, with the aircraft carrier <i>Charles de Gaulle</i>, constitute the French Navy's main ocean-going war-fighting force, while the four <a href="/wiki/Ballistic_missile_submarine" title="Ballistic missile submarine">ballistic missile submarines</a> (<a href="/wiki/SSBN" class="mw-redirect" title="SSBN">SSBN</a>) of the navy's <a href="/wiki/Force_oc%C3%A9anique_strat%C3%A9gique" class="mw-redirect" title="Force océanique stratégique">Strategic Oceanic Force</a> provide the backbone of the French <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_deterrent" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear deterrent">nuclear deterrent</a>. </p><p>In addition the French Navy operates six light surveillance frigates and, as of 2024, five <a href="/wiki/Avisos" class="mw-redirect" title="Avisos">avisos</a> (originally light corvettes now reclassified as patrol vessels). They undertake the navy's offshore patrol duties, the protection of French naval bases and <a href="/wiki/Territorial_waters" title="Territorial waters">territorial waters</a>, and can also provide low-end escort capabilities to any oceangoing task force. The Navy also operates a fleet of offshore and coastal patrol vessels, mine countermeasures vessels as well as auxiliaries and support ships. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aircraft">Aircraft</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_active_military_aircraft_of_the_French_Armed_Forces" title="List of active military aircraft of the French Armed Forces">List of active military aircraft of the French Armed Forces</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/French_Naval_Aviation" title="French Naval Aviation">French Naval Aviation</a></div> <p>The French Naval Aviation is officially known as the <i>Aéronautique navale</i> and was created on the 19 June 1998 with the merging of Naval patrol aircraft and aircraft carrier squadrons. It has a strength of around 6,800 civilian and military personnel operating from four airbases in Metropolitan France. The Aéronavale has been modernized with 40 <a href="/wiki/Dassault_Rafale" title="Dassault Rafale">Rafale</a> fighters which operate from the aircraft carrier <i>Charles de Gaulle</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personnel">Personnel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Personnel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table align="right" class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"><i><b>Personnel strength of the French Navy 2015</b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left" width="100"><b>Category</b> </th> <th align="left" width="50"><b>Strength</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Commissioned officers</td> <td>4,500 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Petty officers</td> <td>23,600 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Seamen</td> <td>6,600 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Volunteers</td> <td>767 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Civilian employees</td> <td>2,800 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Source:<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Application_requirement">Application requirement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Application requirement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Seamen">Seamen</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Seamen"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Seamen must be at least 17 but no more than 30 years old, with no minimum level of schooling. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Petty_Officers">Petty Officers</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Petty Officers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Petty officers must be at least 17 but no more than 30 years old, with at least a high school diploma giving access to university studies. </p><p>Petty Officer Candidate begin training with five months at the Petty Officer School of Maistrance at <a href="/wiki/Brest,_France" title="Brest, France">Brest</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Contract_officers">Contract officers</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Contract officers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Contract officers serve on an initial eight-year contract, renewable up to 20 years. </p> <ul><li>Operational officers must be 21 to 26 years old, with at least a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">Bachelor of Science</a> degree, or having passed a <a href="/wiki/Classe_pr%C3%A9paratoire_aux_grandes_%C3%A9coles" title="Classe préparatoire aux grandes écoles">classe préparatoire aux grandes écoles</a> in engineering or business.</li> <li>Staff officers have to be 21 to 29 years old, with an honors degree or master's degree in a field corresponding to the military occupational specialty.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Career_officers">Career officers</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Career officers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Less than 22 years old, having passed a <i>classe préparatoire</i> in science. After four years at the <a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Navale" class="mw-redirect" title="École Navale">École Navale</a> (naval academy) a cadet will graduate as a commissioned <a href="/wiki/Ranks_in_the_French_Navy#Officers" title="Ranks in the French Navy">Enseigne de Vaisseau</a> with an engineering degree.</li> <li>Less than 25 years old, having an honors degree in science. After three years at the naval academy a cadet will graduate as Enseigne de Vaisseau with an engineering degree.</li> <li>Less than 27 years old, having a master's degree. After two years at the naval academy a cadet will graduate as an Enseigne de Vaisseau.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Customs_and_traditions">Customs and traditions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Customs and traditions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ranks">Ranks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Ranks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ranks_in_the_French_Navy" title="Ranks in the French Navy">Ranks in the French Navy</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Military_rank" title="Military rank">rank</a> insignia of the French Navy are worn on shoulder straps of shirts and white jackets, and on sleeves for navy jackets and mantels. Until 2005, only <a href="/wiki/Officer_(armed_forces)" title="Officer (armed forces)">commissioned officers</a> had an anchor on their insignia, but <a href="/wiki/Enlisted_personnel" class="mw-redirect" title="Enlisted personnel">enlisted personnel</a> are now receiving them as well. Commanding officers have titles of <i>capitaine</i>, but are called <i>commandant</i> (in the army, both <i>capitaine</i> and <i>commandant</i> are ranks, which tends to stir some confusion among the public). The two highest ranks, <i>vice-amiral d'escadre</i> and <i>amiral</i> (<a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">admiral</a>), are functions, rather than ranks. They are assumed by officers ranking <i>vice-amiral</i> (<a href="/wiki/Vice_admiral" title="Vice admiral">vice admiral</a>). The only <i>amiral de la flotte</i> (<a href="/wiki/Admiral_of_the_Fleet" class="mw-redirect" title="Admiral of the Fleet">Admiral of the Fleet</a>) was <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Darlan" title="François Darlan">François Darlan</a> after he was refused the dignity of <i>amiral de France</i> (<a href="/wiki/Admiral_of_France" title="Admiral of France">Admiral of France</a>). Equivalent to the dignity of <a href="/wiki/Marshal_of_France" title="Marshal of France">Marshal of France</a>, the rank of <i>amiral de France</i> remains theoretical in the <a href="/wiki/French_Fifth_Republic" title="French Fifth Republic">Fifth Republic</a>; it was last granted in 1869, during the <a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">Second Empire</a>, but retained during the <a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">Third Republic</a> until the death of its bearer in 1873. The title of <i>amiral de la flotte</i> was created so that Darlan would not have an inferior rank than his counterpart in the British <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a>, who had the rank of <a href="/wiki/Admiral_of_the_Fleet_(Royal_Navy)" title="Admiral of the Fleet (Royal Navy)">Admiral of the Fleet</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Commissioned_officer_ranks">Commissioned officer ranks</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Commissioned officer ranks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The rank insignia of <a href="/wiki/Commissioned_officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Commissioned officer">commissioned officers</a>. </p> <table style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#CCCCCC; width: 100%"> <th>NATO code</th> <th colspan="2">OF-10</th> <th colspan="2">OF-9</th> <th colspan="2">OF-8</th> <th colspan="2">OF-7</th> <th colspan="2">OF-6</th> <th colspan="2">OF-5</th> <th colspan="2">OF-4</th> <th colspan="2">OF-3</th> <th colspan="2">OF-2</th> <th colspan="6">OF-1 </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th rowspan="2"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ensign_of_France.svg/23px-Ensign_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ensign_of_France.svg/35px-Ensign_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ensign_of_France.svg/46px-Ensign_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">French Navy</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-FranceNavy_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FranceNavy-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul class="navbar-brackets"><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_NATO_Navies/OF/France" title="Template:Ranks and Insignia of NATO Navies/OF/France"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_NATO_Navies/OF/France" title="Template talk:Ranks and Insignia of NATO Navies/OF/France"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_NATO_Navies/OF/France" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ranks and Insignia of NATO Navies/OF/France"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div> </th> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France-Navy-OF-10_Sleeve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/France-Navy-OF-10_Sleeve.svg/50px-France-Navy-OF-10_Sleeve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/France-Navy-OF-10_Sleeve.svg/75px-France-Navy-OF-10_Sleeve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/France-Navy-OF-10_Sleeve.svg/100px-France-Navy-OF-10_Sleeve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="569" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France-Navy-OF-9_Sleeve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/France-Navy-OF-9_Sleeve.svg/50px-France-Navy-OF-9_Sleeve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" 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colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France-Navy-OF-7_Sleeve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/France-Navy-OF-7_Sleeve.svg/50px-France-Navy-OF-7_Sleeve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/France-Navy-OF-7_Sleeve.svg/75px-France-Navy-OF-7_Sleeve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/France-Navy-OF-7_Sleeve.svg/100px-France-Navy-OF-7_Sleeve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="569" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France-Navy-OF-6_Sleeve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/France-Navy-OF-6_Sleeve.svg/50px-France-Navy-OF-6_Sleeve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/France-Navy-OF-6_Sleeve.svg/75px-France-Navy-OF-6_Sleeve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/France-Navy-OF-6_Sleeve.svg/100px-France-Navy-OF-6_Sleeve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="569" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France-Navy-OF-5_Sleeve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/France-Navy-OF-5_Sleeve.svg/50px-France-Navy-OF-5_Sleeve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/France-Navy-OF-5_Sleeve.svg/75px-France-Navy-OF-5_Sleeve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/France-Navy-OF-5_Sleeve.svg/100px-France-Navy-OF-5_Sleeve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="569" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France-Navy-OF-4_Sleeve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/France-Navy-OF-4_Sleeve.svg/50px-France-Navy-OF-4_Sleeve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/France-Navy-OF-4_Sleeve.svg/75px-France-Navy-OF-4_Sleeve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/France-Navy-OF-4_Sleeve.svg/100px-France-Navy-OF-4_Sleeve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="569" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France-Navy-OF-3_Sleeve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/France-Navy-OF-3_Sleeve.svg/50px-France-Navy-OF-3_Sleeve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/France-Navy-OF-3_Sleeve.svg/75px-France-Navy-OF-3_Sleeve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/France-Navy-OF-3_Sleeve.svg/100px-France-Navy-OF-3_Sleeve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="569" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France-Navy-OF-2_Sleeve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/France-Navy-OF-2_Sleeve.svg/50px-France-Navy-OF-2_Sleeve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/France-Navy-OF-2_Sleeve.svg/75px-France-Navy-OF-2_Sleeve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/France-Navy-OF-2_Sleeve.svg/100px-France-Navy-OF-2_Sleeve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="569" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France-Navy-OF-1b_Sleeve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/France-Navy-OF-1b_Sleeve.svg/50px-France-Navy-OF-1b_Sleeve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/France-Navy-OF-1b_Sleeve.svg/75px-France-Navy-OF-1b_Sleeve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/France-Navy-OF-1b_Sleeve.svg/100px-France-Navy-OF-1b_Sleeve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="569" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France-Navy-OF-1a_Sleeve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/France-Navy-OF-1a_Sleeve.svg/50px-France-Navy-OF-1a_Sleeve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/France-Navy-OF-1a_Sleeve.svg/75px-France-Navy-OF-1a_Sleeve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/France-Navy-OF-1a_Sleeve.svg/100px-France-Navy-OF-1a_Sleeve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="569" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Admiral_of_France" title="Admiral of France">Amiral de France</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Admiral#France" title="Admiral">Amiral</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Squadron_vice-admiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Squadron vice-admiral">Vice-amiral d'escadre</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Vice_admiral#France" title="Vice admiral">Vice-amiral</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Counter_admiral#French_speaking_countries" title="Counter admiral">Contre-amiral</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Captain_(naval)#Ship-of-the-line_captain" title="Captain (naval)">Capitaine de vaisseau</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Frigate_captain" title="Frigate captain">Capitaine de frégate</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Corvette_captain" title="Corvette captain">Capitaine de corvette</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Ship-of-the-line_lieutenant" title="Ship-of-the-line lieutenant">Lieutenant de vaisseau</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Ensign_(rank)#France_and_Canada" title="Ensign (rank)">Enseigne de vaisseau de 1<sup>re</sup> classe</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Ensign_(rank)#France_and_Canada" title="Ensign (rank)">Enseigne de vaisseau de 2<sup>e</sup> classe</a></i></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_ranks">Other ranks</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Other ranks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The rank insignia of <a href="/wiki/Non-commissioned_officer" title="Non-commissioned officer">non-commissioned officers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Enlisted_rank" title="Enlisted rank">enlisted personnel</a>. </p> <table style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> <th><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_NATO" title="Ranks and insignia of NATO">NATO code</a></th> <th colspan="6">OR-9</th> <th colspan="2">OR-8</th> <th colspan="2">OR-7</th> <th colspan="6">OR-6</th> <th colspan="6">OR-5</th> <th colspan="4">OR-4</th> <th colspan="2">OR-3</th> <th colspan="6">OR-2</th> <th colspan="2">OR-1 </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th rowspan="2"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ensign_of_France.svg/23px-Ensign_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ensign_of_France.svg/35px-Ensign_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ensign_of_France.svg/46px-Ensign_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">French Navy</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-FranceNavy_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FranceNavy-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul class="navbar-brackets"><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_NATO_Navies/OR/France" title="Template:Ranks and Insignia of NATO Navies/OR/France"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_NATO_Navies/OR/France" title="Template talk:Ranks and Insignia of NATO Navies/OR/France"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_NATO_Navies/OR/France" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ranks and Insignia of NATO Navies/OR/France"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div> </th> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France-Navy-OR-9b_Sleeve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/France-Navy-OR-9b_Sleeve.svg/50px-France-Navy-OR-9b_Sleeve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/France-Navy-OR-9b_Sleeve.svg/75px-France-Navy-OR-9b_Sleeve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/France-Navy-OR-9b_Sleeve.svg/100px-France-Navy-OR-9b_Sleeve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="278" data-file-height="569" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France-Navy-OR-9a_Sleeve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/France-Navy-OR-9a_Sleeve.svg/50px-France-Navy-OR-9a_Sleeve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/France-Navy-OR-9a_Sleeve.svg/75px-France-Navy-OR-9a_Sleeve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/France-Navy-OR-9a_Sleeve.svg/100px-France-Navy-OR-9a_Sleeve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="278" data-file-height="569" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France-Navy-OR-8_Sleeve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/France-Navy-OR-8_Sleeve.svg/50px-France-Navy-OR-8_Sleeve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/France-Navy-OR-8_Sleeve.svg/75px-France-Navy-OR-8_Sleeve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/France-Navy-OR-8_Sleeve.svg/100px-France-Navy-OR-8_Sleeve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="278" data-file-height="569" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="6"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France-Navy-OR-6_Sleeve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/France-Navy-OR-6_Sleeve.svg/50px-France-Navy-OR-6_Sleeve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/France-Navy-OR-6_Sleeve.svg/75px-France-Navy-OR-6_Sleeve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/France-Navy-OR-6_Sleeve.svg/100px-France-Navy-OR-6_Sleeve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="569" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="6"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France-Navy-OR-5_Sleeve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/France-Navy-OR-5_Sleeve.svg/50px-France-Navy-OR-5_Sleeve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/France-Navy-OR-5_Sleeve.svg/75px-France-Navy-OR-5_Sleeve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/France-Navy-OR-5_Sleeve.svg/100px-France-Navy-OR-5_Sleeve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="569" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="4"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France-Navy-OR-4_Sleeve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/France-Navy-OR-4_Sleeve.svg/50px-France-Navy-OR-4_Sleeve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/France-Navy-OR-4_Sleeve.svg/75px-France-Navy-OR-4_Sleeve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/France-Navy-OR-4_Sleeve.svg/100px-France-Navy-OR-4_Sleeve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="569" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France-Navy-OR-3_Sleeve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/France-Navy-OR-3_Sleeve.svg/50px-France-Navy-OR-3_Sleeve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/France-Navy-OR-3_Sleeve.svg/75px-France-Navy-OR-3_Sleeve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/France-Navy-OR-3_Sleeve.svg/100px-France-Navy-OR-3_Sleeve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="569" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="6"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France-Navy-OR-2_Sleeve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/France-Navy-OR-2_Sleeve.svg/50px-France-Navy-OR-2_Sleeve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/France-Navy-OR-2_Sleeve.svg/75px-France-Navy-OR-2_Sleeve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/France-Navy-OR-2_Sleeve.svg/100px-France-Navy-OR-2_Sleeve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="569" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Generic-Navy_sleeve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Generic-Navy_sleeve.svg/50px-Generic-Navy_sleeve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Generic-Navy_sleeve.svg/75px-Generic-Navy_sleeve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Generic-Navy_sleeve.svg/100px-Generic-Navy_sleeve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="569" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="3"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Major_(France)" title="Major (France)">Major</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Master_(naval)#France" title="Master (naval)">Maître principal</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Master_(naval)#France" title="Master (naval)">Premier maître</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="6"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Master_(naval)#France" title="Master (naval)">Maître</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="6"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Second_master" title="Second master">Second-maître</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="4"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Quartermaster#French_Navy" title="Quartermaster">Quartier-maître de 1<sup>ère</sup> classe</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Quartermaster#French_Navy" title="Quartermaster">Quartier-maître de 2<sup>ème</sup> classe</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="6"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Seaman_(rank)" title="Seaman (rank)">Matelot breveté</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Seaman_(rank)" title="Seaman (rank)">Matelot</a></i></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Addressing_officers">Addressing officers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Addressing officers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Unlike in the <a href="/wiki/French_Army" title="French Army">French Army</a> and <a href="/wiki/French_Air_and_Space_Force" title="French Air and Space Force">Air and Space Force</a>, one does not prepend <i>mon</i> to the name of the rank when addressing an officer (that is, not <i>mon capitaine,</i> but simply <i>capitaine</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uniforms">Uniforms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Uniforms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Military_uniform#France" title="Military uniform">Military uniform § France</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fusiliers_marins#Uniforms" title="Fusiliers marins">Fusiliers marins § Uniforms</a></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jean-Bart_seaman_Bastille_Day_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Winter Uniform (22)"><img alt="Winter Uniform (22)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Jean-Bart_seaman_Bastille_Day_2008.jpg/80px-Jean-Bart_seaman_Bastille_Day_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Jean-Bart_seaman_Bastille_Day_2008.jpg/120px-Jean-Bart_seaman_Bastille_Day_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Jean-Bart_seaman_Bastille_Day_2008.jpg/160px-Jean-Bart_seaman_Bastille_Day_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="2700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Winter Uniform (22)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles-de-Gaulle_seaman_Bastille_Day_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Summer Uniform (26)"><img alt="Summer Uniform (26)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Charles-de-Gaulle_seaman_Bastille_Day_2008.jpg/80px-Charles-de-Gaulle_seaman_Bastille_Day_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Charles-de-Gaulle_seaman_Bastille_Day_2008.jpg/120px-Charles-de-Gaulle_seaman_Bastille_Day_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Charles-de-Gaulle_seaman_Bastille_Day_2008.jpg/160px-Charles-de-Gaulle_seaman_Bastille_Day_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="3150" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Summer Uniform (26)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Matelot.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Overseas (25)"><img alt="Overseas (25)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Matelot.jpg/82px-Matelot.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Matelot.jpg/123px-Matelot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Matelot.jpg/164px-Matelot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1819" data-file-height="2657" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Overseas (25)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Quartier_maitre.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Light Duty Firefighter Suit"><img alt="Light Duty Firefighter Suit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Quartier_maitre.jpg/80px-Quartier_maitre.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Quartier_maitre.jpg/120px-Quartier_maitre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Quartier_maitre.jpg/160px-Quartier_maitre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3872" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Light Duty Firefighter Suit</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Comm%C3%A9moration_de_l%27Appel_du_18_Juin_1940_Saint_H%C3%A9lier_Jersey_18_juin_2013_11.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gendarmerie Maritime personnel"><img alt="Gendarmerie Maritime personnel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Comm%C3%A9moration_de_l%27Appel_du_18_Juin_1940_Saint_H%C3%A9lier_Jersey_18_juin_2013_11.jpg/120px-Comm%C3%A9moration_de_l%27Appel_du_18_Juin_1940_Saint_H%C3%A9lier_Jersey_18_juin_2013_11.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Comm%C3%A9moration_de_l%27Appel_du_18_Juin_1940_Saint_H%C3%A9lier_Jersey_18_juin_2013_11.jpg/180px-Comm%C3%A9moration_de_l%27Appel_du_18_Juin_1940_Saint_H%C3%A9lier_Jersey_18_juin_2013_11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Comm%C3%A9moration_de_l%27Appel_du_18_Juin_1940_Saint_H%C3%A9lier_Jersey_18_juin_2013_11.jpg/240px-Comm%C3%A9moration_de_l%27Appel_du_18_Juin_1940_Saint_H%C3%A9lier_Jersey_18_juin_2013_11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3429" data-file-height="2831" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Gendarmerie" title="Maritime Gendarmerie">Gendarmerie Maritime</a> personnel</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_music">Military music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Military music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Defile_14_juillet_-_Brest_-_25.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Defile_14_juillet_-_Brest_-_25.JPG/220px-Defile_14_juillet_-_Brest_-_25.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Defile_14_juillet_-_Brest_-_25.JPG/330px-Defile_14_juillet_-_Brest_-_25.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Defile_14_juillet_-_Brest_-_25.JPG/440px-Defile_14_juillet_-_Brest_-_25.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Brest,_France" title="Brest, France">Brest</a> band before its deactivation in 2012.</figcaption></figure> <p>The main military musical unit of the French Navy is the Military Band of the <a href="/wiki/Toulon" title="Toulon">Toulon</a> Fleet (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">La musique des équipages de la flotte de Toulon</i>), founded on 13 July 1827.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Bagad_Lann_Bihoue" title="Bagad Lann Bihoue">Bagad Lann Bihoue</a>, based on the <a href="/wiki/Bagad" title="Bagad">bagad</a> bands in <a href="/wiki/Brittany" title="Brittany">Bretagne</a>, is currently the sole <a href="/wiki/Pipe_band" title="Pipe band">pipe band</a> in the service of the French Navy, which uses <a href="/wiki/Bagpipe" class="mw-redirect" title="Bagpipe">bagpipes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bombard_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombard (music)">bombards</a>, and thus is affiliated to the band. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, French naval music has affected the traditions of <a href="/wiki/Navy_bands_in_Canada" title="Navy bands in Canada">Canadian navy bands</a>. French navy bands in the country date back to the era of <a href="/wiki/New_France" title="New France">New France</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Musical units were primarily attached to the <a href="/wiki/Compagnies_Franches_de_la_Marine" class="mw-redirect" title="Compagnies Franches de la Marine">Compagnies Franches de la Marine</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Troupes_de_la_marine" class="mw-redirect" title="Troupes de la marine">Troupes de la marine</a>, the former of which maintained two drums (tambour) and a <a href="/wiki/Fife_(instrument)" title="Fife (instrument)">fife</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Future">Future</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Future"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Future_of_the_French_Navy" title="Future of the French Navy">Future of the French Navy</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FREMM_Bretagne_en_construction_6789.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/FREMM_Bretagne_en_construction_6789.jpg/220px-FREMM_Bretagne_en_construction_6789.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/FREMM_Bretagne_en_construction_6789.jpg/330px-FREMM_Bretagne_en_construction_6789.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/FREMM_Bretagne_en_construction_6789.jpg/440px-FREMM_Bretagne_en_construction_6789.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/FREMM_multipurpose_frigate" title="FREMM multipurpose frigate">FREMM multipurpose frigate</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flickr_-_Official_U.S._Navy_Imagery_-_A_French_landing_craft_comes_ashore_during_the_amphibious_assault_phase_of_Bold_Alligator_2012..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flickr_-_Official_U.S._Navy_Imagery_-_A_French_landing_craft_comes_ashore_during_the_amphibious_assault_phase_of_Bold_Alligator_2012..jpg/220px-Flickr_-_Official_U.S._Navy_Imagery_-_A_French_landing_craft_comes_ashore_during_the_amphibious_assault_phase_of_Bold_Alligator_2012..jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flickr_-_Official_U.S._Navy_Imagery_-_A_French_landing_craft_comes_ashore_during_the_amphibious_assault_phase_of_Bold_Alligator_2012..jpg/330px-Flickr_-_Official_U.S._Navy_Imagery_-_A_French_landing_craft_comes_ashore_during_the_amphibious_assault_phase_of_Bold_Alligator_2012..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flickr_-_Official_U.S._Navy_Imagery_-_A_French_landing_craft_comes_ashore_during_the_amphibious_assault_phase_of_Bold_Alligator_2012..jpg/440px-Flickr_-_Official_U.S._Navy_Imagery_-_A_French_landing_craft_comes_ashore_during_the_amphibious_assault_phase_of_Bold_Alligator_2012..jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Engin_de_d%C3%A9barquement_amphibie_rapide" title="Engin de débarquement amphibie rapide">EDA-R</a> landing craft</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Barracuda-Suffren.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Barracuda-Suffren.svg/220px-Barracuda-Suffren.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Barracuda-Suffren.svg/330px-Barracuda-Suffren.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Barracuda-Suffren.svg/440px-Barracuda-Suffren.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/French_Barracuda_class_submarine" class="mw-redirect" title="French Barracuda class submarine">Barracuda-class submarine</a></figcaption></figure> <p>France's <a href="/wiki/Eurozone_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurozone crisis">financial problems</a> have affected all branches of her military. The <a href="/wiki/2013_French_White_Paper_on_Defence_and_National_Security" title="2013 French White Paper on Defence and National Security">2013 French White Paper on Defence and National Security</a> cancelled the long-planned <a href="/wiki/French_aircraft_carrier_PA2" title="French aircraft carrier PA2">new aircraft carrier</a> and a possible fourth <a href="/wiki/Mistral-class_amphibious_assault_ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Mistral-class amphibious assault ship"><i>Mistral</i>-class amphibious assault ship</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The backbone of the fleet will be the <i>Aquitaine</i>-class <a href="/wiki/FREMM_multipurpose_frigate" title="FREMM multipurpose frigate">FREMM anti-submarine frigates</a>, replacing the <a href="/wiki/Georges_Leygues-class_frigate" title="Georges Leygues-class frigate"><i>Georges Leygues</i> class</a>, but plans to buy a possible seventeen FREMMs were cut back to eleven and then to eight. The cancellation of the third and fourth Horizon destroyers meant that the last two FREMM hulls, which entered service between 2021 and 2023, are fitted out as FREDA air-defence ships to replace the <a href="/wiki/Cassard-class_frigate" title="Cassard-class frigate"><i>Cassard</i> class</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> DCNS has shown a FREMM-ER concept to meet this requirement, emphasising <a href="/wiki/Ballistic_missile_defence" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballistic missile defence">ballistic missile defence</a> with the Thales Sea Fire 500 AESA radar.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Industrial considerations mean that the funds for FREMMs 9-11 are now being spent on five more exportable <i>Frégate de Défense et d'Intervention</i> (<a href="/wiki/Defence_and_intervention_frigate" title="Defence and intervention frigate"><i>FDI</i>, "intermediate size frigates"</a>) from 2024 to supplement, and ultimately replace, the <i>La Fayette</i> class, three of which are being upgraded with new sonars to operate into the early 2030s.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With respect to support ships, the <a href="/wiki/Durance-class_tanker" title="Durance-class tanker"><i>Durance</i> class</a> are being replaced under the FLOTLOG project by up to four derivatives of Italy's <a href="/wiki/Vulcano-class_logistic_support_ship" title="Vulcano-class logistic support ship"><i>Vulcano</i>-class logistic support ship</a>, with three being delivered from 2023 to 2027.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A fourth potential ship is delayed until after 2030.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Construction has started on the first of six <a href="/wiki/French_Barracuda-class_submarine" class="mw-redirect" title="French Barracuda-class submarine">Barracuda-class nuclear attack submarines</a>; commissioning of <i>Suffren</i> took place in 2020. These nuclear attack submarines are to be followed in the 2030s by the incremental introduction of a <a href="/wiki/SNLE_3G" title="SNLE 3G">new class of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines</a> (SSBNs) whose construction began in 2024. </p><p>The first MM40 <a href="/wiki/Exocet" title="Exocet">Exocet</a> Block 3 missile was test-fired in 2010 to be produced. Naval versions of the <a href="/wiki/Storm_Shadow" title="Storm Shadow"><i>SCALP EG</i></a> land-attack cruise missile are under development, along with a planned <a href="/wiki/Aster_(missile_family)" title="Aster (missile family)">Aster Block 1NT</a> with greater capabilities against ballistic missiles. </p><p>In October 2018, the French Ministry of Defence launched an 18-month study for €40 million for the eventual future replacement of the aircraft carrier <i>Charles de Gaulle</i> beyond 2030. A decision to build the new carrier was taken by President <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a> in 2020<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and once it enters service it is anticipated to remain in service until beyond 2080.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Construction of the new carrier is to begin in around 2025 with service entry anticipated in the latter 2030s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="French_naval_officers">French naval officers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: French naval officers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Privateers">Privateers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Privateers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_des_Arm%C3%A9es_navales" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant général des Armées navales">Lieutenant général des Armées navales</a> <a href="/wiki/Jean_du_Casse" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean du Casse">du Casse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_des_Arm%C3%A9es_navales" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant général des Armées navales">Lieutenant général des Armées navales</a> <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Duguay-Trouin" title="René Duguay-Trouin">Duguay-Trouin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chef_d%27escadre" title="Chef d'escadre">Chef d'escadre</a> <a href="/wiki/Jean_Bart" title="Jean Bart">Jean Bart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chef_d%27escadre" title="Chef d'escadre">Chef d'escadre</a> <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Bouvet" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierre Bouvet">Pierre Bouvet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Cassard" title="Jacques Cassard">Cassard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Surcouf" title="Robert Surcouf">Surcouf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Thurot" title="François Thurot">Thurot</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Heroes_of_the_First_Republic">Heroes of the First Republic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Heroes of the First Republic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Louis-Ren%C3%A9_Levassor_de_Latouche_Tr%C3%A9ville" title="Louis-René Levassor de Latouche Tréville">de Latouche-Tréville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice-admiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice-admiral">Vice-admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Louis_Thomas_Villaret_de_Joyeuse" title="Louis Thomas Villaret de Joyeuse">de Villaret-Joyeuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice-admiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice-admiral">Vice-admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Eustache_Bruix" class="mw-redirect" title="Eustache Bruix">Bruix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rear_Admiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Rear Admiral">Rear Admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Armand_Blanquet_du_Chayla" title="Armand Blanquet du Chayla">du Chayla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitaine_de_vaisseau" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitaine de vaisseau">Capitaine de vaisseau</a> <a href="/wiki/Aristide_Aubert_du_Petit_Thouars" class="mw-redirect" title="Aristide Aubert du Petit Thouars">du Petit Thouars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitaine_de_vaisseau" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitaine de vaisseau">Capitaine de vaisseau</a> <a href="/wiki/Luc-Julien-Joseph_Casabianca" title="Luc-Julien-Joseph Casabianca">Casabianca</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Explorers">Explorers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Explorers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_des_Arm%C3%A9es_navales" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant général des Armées navales">Lieutenant général des Armées navales</a> <a href="/wiki/Louis_Antoine_de_Bougainville" title="Louis Antoine de Bougainville">Bougainville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chef_d%27escadre" title="Chef d'escadre">Chef d'escadre</a> <a href="/wiki/Bruni_d%27Entrecasteaux" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruni d'Entrecasteaux">d'Entrecasteaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chef_d%27escadre" title="Chef d'escadre">Chef d'escadre</a> <a href="/wiki/Jules_Dumont_d%27Urville" title="Jules Dumont d'Urville">Dumont d'Urville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chef_de_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="Chef de Division">Chef de Division</a> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Galaup,_comte_de_La_P%C3%A9rouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean-François de Galaup, comte de La Pérouse">Lapérouse</a></li> <li>Captain <a href="/wiki/Samuel_de_Champlain" title="Samuel de Champlain">Samuel de Champlain</a></li> <li>Captain <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Le_Moyne_d%27Iberville" title="Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville">d'Iberville</a></li> <li>Captain <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Baudin" title="Nicolas Baudin">Nicolas Baudin</a></li> <li>Captain <a href="/wiki/Louis-Claude_de_Saulces_de_Freycinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis-Claude de Saulces de Freycinet">Louis de Freycinet</a></li> <li>Commander <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Doudart_de_Lagr%C3%A9e" title="Ernest Doudart de Lagrée">Doudart de Lagrée</a></li> <li>Lieutenant <a href="/wiki/Louis_Aleno_de_St_Alo%C3%BCarn" title="Louis Aleno de St Aloüarn">de St Aloüarn</a></li> <li>Lieutenant <a href="/wiki/Francis_Garnier" title="Francis Garnier">Francis Garnier</a></li> <li>Lieutenant <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Savorgnan_de_Brazza" title="Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza">Savorgnan de Brazza</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_important_French_naval_officers">Other important French naval officers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Other important French naval officers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">Admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Florent_de_Varennes" title="Florent de Varennes">Florent de Varennes</a>—first admiral of France</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">Admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Jean_de_Vienne" title="Jean de Vienne">Jean de Vienne</a>—admiral of the French fleet during the Hundred Years' War</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">Admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Herv%C3%A9_de_Portzmoguer" title="Hervé de Portzmoguer">Hervé de Portzmoguer</a>— Breton naval commander, renowned for his raids on the English and his death in the Battle of St. Mathieu</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">Admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hector,_comte_d%27Estaing" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Hector, comte d'Estaing">d'Estaing</a>—admiral of the French fleet which helped the United States secure independence</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">Admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Joseph_Paul_de_Grasse" title="François Joseph Paul de Grasse">de Grasse</a>—commander of the French fleet at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Chesapeake" title="Battle of the Chesapeake">Chesapeake Bay</a> during the American Revolutionary War.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">Admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9d%C3%A9e_Courbet" title="Amédée Courbet">Courbet</a>-commander of the Far East Squadron.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice-Admiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice-Admiral">Vice-Admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Anne_Hilarion_de_Tourville" title="Anne Hilarion de Tourville">Tourville</a>—commander of the French fleet at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Beachy_Head_(1690)" title="Battle of Beachy Head (1690)">Battle of Beachy Head</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice-Admiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice-Admiral">Vice-Admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Pierre-Charles_Villeneuve" title="Pierre-Charles Villeneuve">Villeneuve</a>—commander of the French and <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spanish</a> fleets at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trafalgar" title="Battle of Trafalgar">Battle of Trafalgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice-Admiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice-Admiral">Vice-Admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Duquesne" title="Abraham Duquesne">Duquesne</a>—commander of the French fleet at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Agosta" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Agosta">Battle of Agosta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_commander" title="Lieutenant commander">Lieutenant commander</a> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Teste" title="Paul Teste">Paul Teste</a>, pioneer of the modern aeronaval operations.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice-Admiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice-Admiral">Vice-Admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Chevalier_Paul" title="Chevalier Paul">Jean-Paul de Saumeur</a>, often called Chevalier Paul, served in several Mediterranean campaigns.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_people_who_served_in_the_French_Navy">Notable people who served in the French Navy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Notable people who served in the French Navy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Cerdan" title="Marcel Cerdan">Marcel Cerdan</a>, world boxing champion during the 1940s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Cocteau" title="Jean Cocteau">Jean Cocteau</a>, poet, novelist, dramatist, designer, playwright, artist and filmmaker</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Cras" title="Jean Cras">Jean Cras</a>, composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques-Yves_Cousteau" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacques-Yves Cousteau">Jacques-Yves Cousteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_de_Gaulle" title="Philippe de Gaulle">Philippe de Gaulle</a>, the son of the general <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Delon" title="Alain Delon">Alain Delon</a>, actor, served as a fusilier marin in the First Indochina War</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Denard" title="Bob Denard">Bob Denard</a>, a mercenary notorious for coup attempts and wars in Africa</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Gabin" title="Jean Gabin">Jean Gabin</a>, another major French actor, he joined the free French naval force during the Second World War</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Gauguin" title="Paul Gauguin">Paul Gauguin</a>, painter, sculptor, print-maker, ceramist, and writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Giraudeau" title="Bernard Giraudeau">Bernard Giraudeau</a>, actor, film director, scriptwriter, producer and writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Marty" title="André Marty">André Marty</a>, a leading figure in the French Communist Party from 1923 to 1955</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_II,_Prince_of_Monaco" title="Albert II, Prince of Monaco">Albert II, Prince of Monaco</a>, reserve Lieutenant Commander</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Loti" title="Pierre Loti">Pierre Loti</a>, mostly known for his literary works</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Roussel" title="Albert Roussel">Albert Roussel</a>, composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Serres" title="Michel Serres">Michel Serres</a>, philosopher and author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Tabarly" class="mw-redirect" title="Eric Tabarly">Eric Tabarly</a>, yachtsman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Segalen" title="Victor Segalen">Victor Segalen</a>, ethnographer, archaeologist, writer, poet, explorer, art-theorist, linguist and literary critic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Sue" title="Eugène Sue">Eugène Sue</a>, a famous 19th-century novelist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Emile_Victor" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Emile Victor">Paul Emile Victor</a>, an ethnologist and polar explorer</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/32px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/48px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/64px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:France" title="Portal:France">France portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Future_of_the_French_Navy" title="Future of the French Navy">Future of the French Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_French_Navy_ships" title="List of active French Navy ships">List of active French Navy ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_Navy_ship_names" title="List of French Navy ship names">List of French Navy ship names</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marine_Nationale">Marine Nationale</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Marine Nationale"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_the_French_Navy" title="Chief of Staff of the French Navy">Chief of Staff of the French Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_Paratrooper_Units" class="mw-redirect" title="List of French Paratrooper Units">Airborne Units of the French Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escorteur" title="Escorteur">Escorteur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far_East_Squadron" title="Far East Squadron">Far East Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_100_mm_naval_gun" title="French 100 mm naval gun">French 100 mm naval gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_carriers_of_France" title="List of aircraft carriers of France">List of aircraft carriers of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Escorteurs_of_the_French_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Escorteurs of the French Navy">List of Escorteurs of the French Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_naval_battles" title="List of French naval battles">List of French naval battles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Naval_Ministers_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Naval Ministers of France">List of Naval Ministers of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_French_Navy_Deployments" title="Standing French Navy Deployments">Standing French Navy Deployments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_Navy_admirals" title="Category:French Navy admirals">Category:French Navy admirals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_Navy_officers" title="Category:French Navy officers">Category:French Navy officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Naval_ships_of_France" title="Category:Naval ships of France">Category:Naval ships of France</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Along with the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">U.S.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">U.K.</a>, <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy" title="People's Liberation Army Navy">China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_Navy" title="Russian Navy">Russia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italian_Navy" title="Italian Navy">Italy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian_Navy" title="Indian Navy">India</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Navy" title="Spanish Navy">Spain</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Key_figures_in_2016-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Key_figures_in_2016_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defense.gouv.fr/english/portail-defense">"Defence Key Figures: 2016 Edition"</a>. Ministère des Armėes.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Defence+Key+Figures%3A+2016+Edition&rft.pub=Minist%C3%A8re+des+Arm%C4%97es&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defense.gouv.fr%2Fenglish%2Fportail-defense&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Navy" class="Z3988"></span> (download PDF file or see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.defense.gouv.fr/content/download/400382/6028076/file/Chiffrescle%CC%81s2015GB.PDF">HTML version</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150906213134/https://www.defense.gouv.fr/content/download/400382/6028076/file/Chiffrescle%CC%81s2015GB.PDF">Archived</a> 6 September 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defense.gouv.fr/marine/organisation/forces/force-d-action-navale/forces-de-surface/forces-de-surface">"Forces de surface"</a>. Ministère des Armėes<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Forces+de+surface&rft.pub=Minist%C3%A8re+des+Arm%C4%97es&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defense.gouv.fr%2Fmarine%2Forganisation%2Fforces%2Fforce-d-action-navale%2Fforces-de-surface%2Fforces-de-surface&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Navy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flightglobal.com/asset/26019/waf/">"World Air Forces 2019"</a>. <i>Flightglobal</i>: 16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Flightglobal&rft.atitle=World+Air+Forces+2019&rft.pages=16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fasset%2F26019%2Fwaf%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Navy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrattonTill2012" class="citation book cs1">Bratton, Patrick C; Till, Geoffrey (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RxOpAgAAQBAJ"><i>Sea Power and the Asia-Pacific</i></a>. London, United Kingdom: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1136627248" title="Special:BookSources/978-1136627248"><bdi>978-1136627248</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sea+Power+and+the+Asia-Pacific&rft.place=London%2C+United+Kingdom&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1136627248&rft.aulast=Bratton&rft.aufirst=Patrick+C&rft.au=Till%2C+Geoffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRxOpAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Navy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160911235404/http://henryjacksonsociety.org/2006/11/04/the-royal-navy-britains-trident-for-a-global-agenda/">"The Royal Navy: Britain's Trident for a Global Agenda"</a>. <i>henryjacksonsociety.org</i>. <a href="/wiki/Henry_Jackson_Society" title="Henry Jackson Society">Henry Jackson Society</a>. 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Ministère des Armėes. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=French+White+Paper%3A+Defence+and+National+Security&rft.pub=Government+of+France&rft.date=2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defense.gouv.fr%2Fenglish%2Fcontent%2Fdownload%2F206186%2F2393586%2Ffile%2FWhite%2520paper%2520on%2520defense%2520%25202013.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Navy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924034916/http://www.infosdefense.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/LPM-DT.pdf">"Projet De Loi De programmation Militarie 2014/2019"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in French). August 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infosdefense.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/LPM-DT.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2015-09-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Projet+De+Loi+De+programmation+Militarie+2014%2F2019&rft.date=2013-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infosdefense.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2013%2F08%2FLPM-DT.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Navy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=716">"DCNS to unveil new FREMM Frigate variant, updated BRAVE supply ship design at Euronaval 2012"</a>. <i>Navy Recognition</i>. 4 October 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Navy+Recognition&rft.atitle=DCNS+to+unveil+new+FREMM+Frigate+variant%2C+updated+BRAVE+supply+ship+design+at+Euronaval+2012&rft.date=2012-10-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.navyrecognition.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D716&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Navy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/year-2015-news/may-2015-navy-naval-forces-defense-industry-technology-maritime-security-global-news/2747-update-to-french-military-planning-law-means-new-capabilities-for-lafayette-class-frigates.html">"Update to French Military Planning Law Means New Capabilities for Lafayette Class Frigates"</a>. <i>Navy Recognition</i>. 21 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Navy+Recognition&rft.atitle=Update+to+French+Military+Planning+Law+Means+New+Capabilities+for+Lafayette+Class+Frigates&rft.date=2015-05-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.navyrecognition.com%2Findex.php%2Fnews%2Fdefence-news%2Fyear-2015-news%2Fmay-2015-navy-naval-forces-defense-industry-technology-maritime-security-global-news%2F2747-update-to-french-military-planning-law-means-new-capabilities-for-lafayette-class-frigates.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Navy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCabirol2018" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Cabirol, Michel (15 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latribune.fr/entreprises-finance/industrie/aeronautique-defense/petrolier-ravitailleur-la-france-monte-a-bord-du-programme-italien-vulcano-781913.html">"Pétrolier ravitailleur : la France monte à bord du programme italien Vulcano"</a>. <i>Le Tribune</i> (in French).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Tribune&rft.atitle=P%C3%A9trolier+ravitailleur+%3A+la+France+monte+%C3%A0+bord+du+programme+italien+Vulcano&rft.date=2018-06-15&rft.aulast=Cabirol&rft.aufirst=Michel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latribune.fr%2Fentreprises-finance%2Findustrie%2Faeronautique-defense%2Fpetrolier-ravitailleur-la-france-monte-a-bord-du-programme-italien-vulcano-781913.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Navy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGroizeleau2023" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Groizeleau, Vincent (13 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/defense/derniere-navigation-pour-le-bcr-marne-qui-passe-le-flambeau-au-brf-jacques-chevallier">"Dernière navigation pour le BCR Marne, qui passe le flambeau au BRF Jacques Chevallier"</a>. <i>Mer et Marine</i> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mer+et+Marine&rft.atitle=Derni%C3%A8re+navigation+pour+le+BCR+Marne%2C+qui+passe+le+flambeau+au+BRF+Jacques+Chevallier&rft.date=2023-04-13&rft.aulast=Groizeleau&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.meretmarine.com%2Ffr%2Fdefense%2Fderniere-navigation-pour-le-bcr-marne-qui-passe-le-flambeau-au-brf-jacques-chevallier&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Navy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMackenzie2020" class="citation web cs1">Mackenzie, Christina (8 December 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.defensenews.com/global/europe/2020/12/08/macron-kicks-off-french-race-to-build-a-new-nuclear-powered-aircraft-carrier/">"Macron kicks off French race to build a new nuclear-powered aircraft carrier"</a>. <i>DefenseNews</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DefenseNews&rft.atitle=Macron+kicks+off+French+race+to+build+a+new+nuclear-powered+aircraft+carrier&rft.date=2020-12-08&rft.aulast=Mackenzie&rft.aufirst=Christina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.defensenews.com%2Fglobal%2Feurope%2F2020%2F12%2F08%2Fmacron-kicks-off-french-race-to-build-a-new-nuclear-powered-aircraft-carrier%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Navy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://navaltoday.com/2018/10/24/france-starts-study-phase-for-new-aircraft-carrier/">"France starts study phase for new aircraft carrier"</a>. <i>Naval Today</i>. 24 October 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181024114822/https://navaltoday.com/2018/10/24/france-starts-study-phase-for-new-aircraft-carrier/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Naval+Today&rft.atitle=France+starts+study+phase+for+new+aircraft+carrier&rft.date=2018-10-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnavaltoday.com%2F2018%2F10%2F24%2Ffrance-starts-study-phase-for-new-aircraft-carrier%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Navy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBriganti,_de2018" class="citation web cs1">Briganti, de, Giovanni (24 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defense-aerospace.com/cgi-bin/client/modele.pl?shop=dae&modele=feature&prod=196961&cat=5">"France Launches Studies for New Aircraft Carrier"</a>. <i>Defense Aerospace</i>. Paris. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181030102139/http://www.defense-aerospace.com/cgi-bin/client/modele.pl?shop=dae&modele=feature&prod=196961&cat=5">Archived</a> from the original on 30 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Defense+Aerospace&rft.atitle=France+Launches+Studies+for+New+Aircraft+Carrier&rft.date=2018-10-24&rft.aulast=Briganti%2C+de&rft.aufirst=Giovanni&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defense-aerospace.com%2Fcgi-bin%2Fclient%2Fmodele.pl%3Fshop%3Ddae%26modele%3Dfeature%26prod%3D196961%26cat%3D5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Navy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_French_Navy#Further_reading" title="History of the French Navy">History of the French Navy § Further reading</a></div> <ul><li>Auphan, Paul, & Jacques Mordal. <i>The French Navy in World War II</i> (Naval Institute Press, 2016).</li> <li>Dull, Jonathan R. <i>The French Navy and American Independence</i> (Princeton University Press, 2015).</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJenkins1973" class="citation book cs1">Jenkins, E H (1973). <i>A History of the French Navy from its Beginnings to the Present Day</i>. London: Macdonald and Jane's. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0356-04196-4" title="Special:BookSources/0356-04196-4"><bdi>0356-04196-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+French+Navy+from+its+Beginnings+to+the+Present+Day&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Macdonald+and+Jane%27s&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=0356-04196-4&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=E+H&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Navy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRandier2006" class="citation book cs1">Randier, Jean (2006). <i>La Royale: L'histoire illustrée de la Marine nationale française</i>. Babouji-MDV Maîtres du Vent. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-35261-022-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-35261-022-9"><bdi>978-2-35261-022-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+Royale%3A+L%27histoire+illustr%C3%A9e+de+la+Marine+nationale+fran%C3%A7aise&rft.pub=Babouji-MDV+Ma%C3%AEtres+du+Vent&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-2-35261-022-9&rft.aulast=Randier&rft.aufirst=Jean&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Navy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Winfield, Rif and Roberts, Stephen S., <i>French Warships in the Age of Sail, 1626–1786: Design, Constructions, Careers and Fates</i> (Seaforth Publishing, 2017) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4738-9351-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4738-9351-1">978-1-4738-9351-1</a>; <i>French Warships in the Age of Sail, 1786–1861: Design, Constructions, Careers and Fates</i> (Seaforth Publishing, 2015) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84832-204-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84832-204-2">978-1-84832-204-2</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Navy&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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on French navy.</li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in French)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.meretmarine.com/">Mer & Marine</a>—Main website on French maritime affairs (only in French)</li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in English)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ffaa.net">French Fleet Air Arm</a>, about French naval aviation.</li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in English)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldwar1atsea.net/WW1NavyFrench.htm">French Navy in World War 1, including warship losses</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=France&#124;link=France_French_Armed_Forces_20px1757" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table 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style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=France&#124;link=France_French_Armed_Forces_20px1757" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/French_Armed_Forces" title="French Armed Forces">French Armed Forces</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Embl%C3%A8me_de_l%27%C3%89tat-Major_des_arm%C3%A9es_(EMA).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Embl%C3%A8me_de_l%27%C3%89tat-Major_des_arm%C3%A9es_%28EMA%29.svg/20px-Embl%C3%A8me_de_l%27%C3%89tat-Major_des_arm%C3%A9es_%28EMA%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Embl%C3%A8me_de_l%27%C3%89tat-Major_des_arm%C3%A9es_%28EMA%29.svg/30px-Embl%C3%A8me_de_l%27%C3%89tat-Major_des_arm%C3%A9es_%28EMA%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Embl%C3%A8me_de_l%27%C3%89tat-Major_des_arm%C3%A9es_%28EMA%29.svg/40px-Embl%C3%A8me_de_l%27%C3%89tat-Major_des_arm%C3%A9es_%28EMA%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1818" data-file-height="1867" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/French_Army" title="French Army">Armée de terre</a> (Army) <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Marine nationale</a> (Navy) <a href="/wiki/French_Air_and_Space_Force" title="French Air and Space Force">Armée de l'air et de l'espace</a> (Air and Space Force) <a href="/wiki/National_Gendarmerie" title="National Gendarmerie">National Gendarmerie</a> (Gendarmerie)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_the_Armed_Forces_(France)" title="Minister of the Armed Forces (France)">Minister of the Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_Defence_Staff_(France)" title="Chief of the Defence Staff (France)">Chief of the Defence Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_the_French_Army" title="Chief of Staff of the French Army">Chief of Army Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_the_French_Navy" title="Chief of Staff of the French Navy">Chief of Navy Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_the_French_Air_and_Space_Force" title="Chief of Staff of the French Air and Space Force">Chief of Air Force Staff</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Ranks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_in_the_French_Army" title="Ranks in the French Army">Army ranks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_in_the_French_Navy" title="Ranks in the French Navy">Navy ranks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_in_the_French_Air_and_Space_Force" title="Ranks in the French Air and Space Force">Air Force ranks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Formations & Commands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Foreign_Legion" title="French Foreign Legion">Foreign Legion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Space_Command" title="French Space Command">Space Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_paratrooper_units" title="List of French paratrooper units">Paratroopers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commandos_Marine" title="Commandos Marine">Marines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Joint forces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franco-German_Brigade" title="Franco-German Brigade">Franco-German Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combined_Joint_Expeditionary_Force" title="Combined Joint Expeditionary Force">Combined Joint Expeditionary Force</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Nuclear forces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Force_de_dissuasion" title="Force de dissuasion">Force de Dissuasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Air_Forces_Command" title="Strategic Air Forces Command">Strategic Air Forces Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Oceanic_Force" title="Strategic Oceanic Force">Strategic Oceanic Force</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_French_Army" title="List of equipment of the French Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_French_Navy_ships" title="List of active French Navy ships">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_military_aircraft_of_the_French_Armed_Forces" title="List of active military aircraft of the French Armed Forces">Air and Space Force</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Military bases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_military_bases_of_France" title="Overseas military bases of France">Overseas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/France_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="France and weapons of mass destruction">France and weapons of mass destruction</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Marine_nationale1344" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:French_Navy_navbox" title="Template:French Navy navbox"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:French_Navy_navbox" title="Template talk:French Navy navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:French_Navy_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:French Navy navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Marine_nationale1344" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Marine nationale</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div><i>Honneur, Patrie, Valeur, Discipline</i> (“Honour, Homeland, Valour, Discipline”)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Command</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Naval_Ministers_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Naval Ministers of France">Naval Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_the_French_Navy" title="Chief of Staff of the French Navy">Chief of Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Prefect" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritime Prefect">Maritime Prefect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_in_the_French_Navy" title="Ranks in the French Navy">Ranks in the French Navy</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ensign_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ensign_of_France.svg/100px-Ensign_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ensign_of_France.svg/150px-Ensign_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ensign_of_France.svg/200px-Ensign_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Force_d%27action_navale" class="mw-redirect" title="Force d'action navale">Force d'action navale</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_forces_(France)" title="Submarine forces (France)">Forces sous-marines</a> (<a href="/wiki/Force_oc%C3%A9anique_strat%C3%A9gique" class="mw-redirect" title="Force océanique stratégique">FOST</a>, <a href="/wiki/Submarine_forces_(France)" title="Submarine forces (France)">ESNA</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Naval_Aviation" title="French Naval Aviation">Aviation navale</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FORFUSCO" title="FORFUSCO">FORFUSCO</a> (<a href="/wiki/Naval_commandos_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval commandos (France)">Commandos de Marine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fusiliers_Marins" class="mw-redirect" title="Fusiliers Marins">Fusiliers Marins</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Gendarmerie" title="Maritime Gendarmerie">Gendarmerie maritime</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Current_French_Navy_ships" class="mw-redirect" title="Current French Navy ships">Current Fleet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_French_Navy_Deployments" title="Standing French Navy Deployments">Current deployments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_ensigns" title="French ensigns">Ensigns and pennants</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_French_Navy" title="History of the French Navy">History of the French Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_of_the_French_Navy" title="Future of the French Navy">Future of the French Navy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_Navy_ship_names" title="List of French Navy ship names">Historic ships</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_battleships_of_France" title="List of battleships of France">battleships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_cruisers" class="mw-redirect" title="List of French cruisers">cruisers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_of_the_line_of_France" title="List of ships of the line of France">ships of the line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_sail_frigates" class="mw-redirect" title="List of French sail frigates">Sail frigates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Equipment_of_the_French_Navy6535" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:French_Navy_Vehicle" title="Template:French Navy Vehicle"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:French_Navy_Vehicle" title="Template talk:French Navy Vehicle"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:French_Navy_Vehicle" title="Special:EditPage/Template:French Navy Vehicle"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Equipment_of_the_French_Navy6535" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Equipment of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">French Navy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Force_d%27action_navale" class="mw-redirect" title="Force d'action navale">Naval Action Force</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_carrier" title="Aircraft carrier">Aircraft carriers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_aircraft_carrier_Charles_de_Gaulle" title="French aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle"><i>Charles de Gaulle</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Destroyer" title="Destroyer">Frigates (1st class)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horizon-class_frigate" title="Horizon-class frigate">Horizon-class frigate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FREMM_multipurpose_frigate" title="FREMM multipurpose frigate"><i>Aquitaine</i>-class frigate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Fayette-class_frigate" title="La Fayette-class frigate"><i>La Fayette</i>-class frigate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">Frigates (2nd class)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flor%C3%A9al-class_frigate" title="Floréal-class frigate"><i>Floréal</i>-class frigate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Patrol_vessel" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrol vessel">Patrol vessels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%27Estienne_d%27Orves-class_aviso" title="D'Estienne d'Orves-class aviso"><i>D'Estienne d'Orves</i>-class aviso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confiance-class_patrol_vessel" title="Confiance-class patrol vessel"><i>Confiance</i>-class patrol vessel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrouilleur_Outre-mer" title="Patrouilleur Outre-mer">Patrouilleur Outre-mer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flamant-class_patrol_vessel" title="Flamant-class patrol vessel"><i>Flamant</i>-class patrol vessel</a></li> <li><b>Patrouilleurs Hauturiers</b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_assault_ship" title="Amphibious assault ship">Amphibious assault vessels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mistral-class_amphibious_assault_ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Mistral-class amphibious assault ship"><i>Mistral</i>-class amphibious assault ship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Landing_craft" title="Landing craft">Landing craft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Engin_de_d%C3%A9barquement_amphibie_rapide" title="Engin de débarquement amphibie rapide">EDAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engin_de_d%C3%A9barquement_d%27infanterie_et_de_chars" title="Engin de débarquement d'infanterie et de chars">EDIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaland_de_transport_de_mat%C3%A9riel" title="Chaland de transport de matériel">CTM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Mine_countermeasures_vessel" title="Mine countermeasures vessel">Minehunter vessels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tripartite-class_minehunter" title="Tripartite-class minehunter">Tripartite-class minehunter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Replenishment_oiler" title="Replenishment oiler">Tankers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Durance-class_tanker" title="Durance-class tanker"><i>Durance</i>-class tanker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A2timent_ravitailleur_de_forces" title="Bâtiment ravitailleur de forces">Bâtiment ravitailleur de forces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/100px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/150px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/200px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Submarine_forces_(France)" title="Submarine forces (France)">Submarine Forces</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Strategic_Oceanic_Force" title="Strategic Oceanic Force">Strategic Oceanic Force</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_submarine" title="Nuclear submarine">SSN</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rubis-class_submarine" title="Rubis-class submarine"><i>Rubis</i> class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barracuda-class_submarine_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Barracuda-class submarine (France)"><i>Suffren</i> class</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/SSBN" class="mw-redirect" title="SSBN">SSBN</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Triomphant-class_submarine" title="Triomphant-class submarine"><i>Triomphant</i> class</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/French_Naval_Aviation" title="French Naval Aviation">Naval aviation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Strike_fighter" title="Strike fighter">Fighter & attack</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dassault_Rafale" title="Dassault Rafale">Rafale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Maritime_patrol_aircraft" title="Maritime patrol aircraft">Patrol</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Br%C3%A9guet_1150_Atlantic" title="Bréguet 1150 Atlantic">Bréguet Atlantic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Airborne_early_warning_and_control" title="Airborne early warning and control">Airborne early warning</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Grumman_E-2_Hawkeye" class="mw-redirect" title="Northrop Grumman E-2 Hawkeye">Hawkeye</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">Transport & communications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dassault_Falcon_10" title="Dassault Falcon 10">Falcon 10</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Military_helicopter#Maritime_patrol" title="Military helicopter">Helicopters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS365_Dauphin" title="Eurocopter AS365 Dauphin">Dauphin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS565_Panther" title="Eurocopter AS565 Panther">Panther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Lynx" title="Westland Lynx">Lynx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHIndustries_NH90" title="NHIndustries NH90">NH90</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="NATO_Allied_Maritime_Command4868" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Allied_Maritime_Command" title="Template:Allied Maritime Command"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Allied_Maritime_Command" title="Template talk:Allied Maritime Command"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Allied_Maritime_Command" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Allied Maritime Command"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="NATO_Allied_Maritime_Command4868" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> <a href="/wiki/Allied_Maritime_Command" title="Allied Maritime Command">Allied Maritime Command</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Structure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Standing_NATO_Maritime_Group_1" title="Standing NATO Maritime Group 1">Standing NATO Maritime Group 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_NATO_Maritime_Group_2" title="Standing NATO Maritime Group 2">Standing NATO Maritime Group 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_NATO_Mine_Countermeasures_Group_1" title="Standing NATO Mine Countermeasures Group 1">Standing NATO Mine Countermeasures Group 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_NATO_Mine_Countermeasures_Group_2" title="Standing NATO Mine Countermeasures Group 2">Standing NATO Mine Countermeasures Group 2</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Allied_Maritime_Command.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of the Allied Maritime Command"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Allied_Maritime_Command.svg/80px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Allied_Maritime_Command.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Allied_Maritime_Command.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Allied_Maritime_Command.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Allied_Maritime_Command.svg/160px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Allied_Maritime_Command.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="304" data-file-height="368" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Navy" title="Navy">maritime<br />forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania"><img alt="Albania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/42px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Naval_Force" title="Albanian Naval Force">Albanian Naval Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Belgian_Navy" title="Belgian Navy">Belgian Maritime Component</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Navy" title="Bulgarian Navy">Bulgarian Navy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Navy" title="Royal Canadian Navy">Royal Canadian Navy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Navy" title="Croatian Navy">Croatian Navy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Danish_Navy" title="Royal Danish Navy">Royal Danish Navy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Navy" title="Estonian Navy">Estonian Navy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Navy" title="Finnish Navy">Finnish Navy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">French Navy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/German_Navy" title="German Navy">German Navy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Navy" title="Hellenic Navy">Hellenic Navy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland"><img alt="Iceland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/21px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/42px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Icelandic_Coast_Guard" title="Icelandic Coast Guard">Icelandic Coast Guard</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Italian_Navy" title="Italian Navy">Italian Navy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Latvian_Naval_Forces" title="Latvian Naval Forces">Latvian Naval Forces</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Naval_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Lithuanian Naval Force">Lithuanian Naval Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro"><img alt="Montenegro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/35px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/46px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_Navy" title="Montenegrin Navy">Montenegrin Navy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_Navy" title="Royal Netherlands Navy">Royal Netherlands Navy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Norwegian_Navy" title="Royal Norwegian Navy">Royal Norwegian Navy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Polish_Navy" title="Polish Navy">Polish Navy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Navy" title="Portuguese Navy">Portuguese Navy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Romanian_Naval_Forces" title="Romanian Naval Forces">Romanian Naval Forces</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Navy" title="Slovenian Navy">Slovenian Navy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Navy" title="Spanish Navy">Spanish Navy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Navy" title="Swedish Navy">Swedish Navy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Naval_Forces" title="Turkish Naval Forces">Turkish Naval Forces</a></span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Marines" title="Royal Marines">Royal Marines</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">United States Marine Corps</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard">United States Coast Guard</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Navies_in_Europe192" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Navies_in_Europe" title="Template:Navies in Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Navies_in_Europe" title="Template talk:Navies in Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Navies_in_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Navies in Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Navies_in_Europe192" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Navy" title="Navy">Navies</a> in Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Naval_Force" title="Albanian Naval Force">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_Navy" title="Azerbaijani Navy">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Navy" title="Belgian Navy">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Navy" title="Bulgarian Navy">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Navy" title="Croatian Navy">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Navy" title="Cyprus Navy">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Danish_Navy" title="Royal Danish Navy">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Navy" title="Estonian Navy">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Navy" title="Finnish Navy">Finland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_of_Georgia" title="Coast Guard of Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Navy" title="German Navy">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Navy" title="Hellenic Navy">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_Coast_Guard" title="Icelandic Coast Guard">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Naval_Service" title="Irish Naval Service">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Navy" title="Italian Navy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Naval_Forces" title="Kazakh Naval Forces">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Naval_Forces" title="Latvian Naval Forces">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Naval_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Lithuanian Naval Force">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Squadron_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Malta" title="Maritime Squadron of the Armed Forces of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_Navy" title="Montenegrin Navy">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_Navy" title="Royal Netherlands Navy">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Norwegian_Navy" title="Royal Norwegian Navy">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Navy" title="Polish Navy">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Navy" title="Portuguese Navy">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Naval_Forces" title="Romanian Naval Forces">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Navy" title="Russian Navy">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_River_Flotilla" title="Serbian River Flotilla">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Navy" title="Slovenian Navy">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Navy" title="Spanish Navy">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Navy" title="Swedish Navy">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Naval_Forces" title="Turkish Naval Forces">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Navy" title="Ukrainian Navy">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited<br />recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazian_Navy" title="Abkhazian Navy">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRNC_Coast_Guard_Command" title="TRNC Coast Guard Command">Northern Cyprus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_sovereign_states" title="List of former sovereign states">Historical states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Navy" title="Austro-Hungarian Navy">Austria-Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandenburg_Navy" title="Brandenburg Navy">Brandenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_navy" title="Byzantine navy">Byzantine Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_navy" title="Catalan navy">Catalonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Naval_Forces" title="Czechoslovak Naval Forces">Czechoslovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volksmarine" title="Volksmarine">East Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genoese_navy" title="Genoese navy">Genoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reichsflotte" title="Reichsflotte">German Confederation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_German_Navy" title="Imperial German Navy">German Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regia_Marina" title="Regia Marina">Kingdom of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Yugoslav_Navy" title="Royal Yugoslav Navy">Kingdom of Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kriegsmarine" title="Kriegsmarine">Nazi Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_German_Federal_Navy" title="North German Federal Navy">North German Confederation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Navy" title="Ottoman Navy">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_Navy" title="Papal Navy">Papal States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prussian_Navy" title="Prussian Navy">Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_navy" title="Roman navy">Roman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Sardinian_Navy" title="Royal Sardinian Navy">Sardinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Scots_Navy" title="Royal Scots Navy">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Navy" title="Soviet Navy">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Marina_(Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies)" title="Real Marina (Kingdom of the Two Sicilies)">Two Sicilies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venetian_navy" title="Venetian navy">Venice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reichsmarine" title="Reichsmarine">Weimar Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Navy" title="Yugoslav Navy">Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217406#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1227" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217406#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1227" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217406#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121042486">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/122335497">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82129159">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb161915359">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb161915359">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Francie. 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