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id="toc-Classification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Aldopentoses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aldopentoses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Aldopentoses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aldopentoses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ketopentoses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ketopentoses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Ketopentoses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ketopentoses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cyclic_forms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cyclic_forms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Cyclic forms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cyclic_forms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deoxypentoses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deoxypentoses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Deoxypentoses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deoxypentoses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Properties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Properties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Properties</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Properties-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Properties subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Properties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tests_for_pentoses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tests_for_pentoses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Tests for pentoses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tests_for_pentoses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" 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Available in 52 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">52 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentose" title="Pentose – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Pentose" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B2" title="بنتوز – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بنتوز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9C" title="পেন্টোজ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পেন্টোজ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C5%8D%CD%98-th%C3%B2a%E2%81%BF-thn%CC%82g" title="Gō͘-thòaⁿ-thn̂g – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Gō͘-thòaⁿ-thn̂g" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%8B" title="Пентозы – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пентозы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Пентоза – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пентоза" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentoza" title="Pentoza – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Pentoza" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentosa" title="Pentosa – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pentosa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pent%C3%B3za" title="Pentóza – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pentóza" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentos" title="Pentos – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Pentos" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentose" title="Pentose – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Pentose" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentosen" title="Pentosen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pentosen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%B6%CE%B7" title="Πεντόζη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πεντόζη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentosa" title="Pentosa – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pentosa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentozo" title="Pentozo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pentozo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentosa" title="Pentosa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pentosa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B2" title="پنتوز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پنتوز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentose" title="Pentose – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pentose" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentosa" title="Pentosa – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pentosa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A4%ED%83%84%EB%8B%B9" title="오탄당 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="오탄당" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentoza" title="Pentoza – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pentoza" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentosa" title="Pentosa – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pentosa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentosi" title="Pentosi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pentosi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%95%D7%96" title="פנטוז – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פנטוז" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentosa" title="Pentosa – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Pentosa" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%96%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="პენტოზები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პენტოზები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Пентозалар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Пентозалар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Пентозалар – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Пентозалар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentosum" title="Pentosum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pentosum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentoz%C4%97" title="Pentozė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pentozė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Пентоза – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Пентоза" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentosa" title="Pentosa – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pentosa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7" title="Пентоз – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Пентоз" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentose" title="Pentose – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Pentose" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9A%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9" title="ペントース – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ペントース" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pent%C3%B2sa" title="Pentòsa – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Pentòsa" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentozy" title="Pentozy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pentozy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentose" title="Pentose – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pentose" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentoz%C4%83" title="Pentoză – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Pentoză" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%8B" title="Пентозы – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пентозы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pent%C3%B3za" title="Pentóza – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pentóza" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Пентоза – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пентоза" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentoza" title="Pentoza – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pentoza" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9ntosa" title="Péntosa – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Péntosa" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentoosit" title="Pentoosit – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pentoosit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentos" title="Pentos – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pentos" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%90%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88" title="ஐங்கரிச்சர்க்கரை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஐங்கரிச்சர்க்கரை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentoz" title="Pentoz – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pentoz" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Пентози – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пентози" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentose" title="Pentose – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Pentose" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%8A%E9%86%A3" title="戊醣 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="戊醣" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%8A%E7%B3%96" title="戊糖 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="戊糖" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">5-Carbon simple sugar</div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Chemistry" title="Chemistry">chemistry</a>, a <b>pentose</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Monosaccharide" title="Monosaccharide">monosaccharide</a> (simple sugar) with five <a href="/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon">carbon</a> <a href="/wiki/Atom" title="Atom">atoms</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Chemical_formula" title="Chemical formula">chemical formula</a> of many pentoses is <span class="chemf nowrap">C<span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">5</sub></span></span>H<span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">10</sub></span></span>O<span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">5</sub></span></span></span>, and their <a href="/wiki/Molecular_weight" class="mw-redirect" title="Molecular weight">molecular weight</a> is 150.13 g/mol.<sup id="cite_ref-pubchem-D-ribose_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pubchem-D-ribose-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pentoses are very important in <a href="/wiki/Biochemistry" title="Biochemistry">biochemistry</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ribose" title="Ribose">Ribose</a> is a constituent of <a href="/wiki/RNA" title="RNA">RNA</a>, and the related molecule, <a href="/wiki/Deoxyribose" title="Deoxyribose">deoxyribose</a>, is a constituent of <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a>. <a href="/wiki/Phosphorylation" title="Phosphorylation">Phosphorylated</a> pentoses are important products of the <a href="/wiki/Pentose_phosphate_pathway" title="Pentose phosphate pathway">pentose phosphate pathway</a>, most importantly <a href="/wiki/Ribose_5-phosphate" title="Ribose 5-phosphate">ribose 5-phosphate</a> (R5P), which is used in the synthesis of <a href="/wiki/Nucleotide" title="Nucleotide">nucleotides</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nucleic_acid" title="Nucleic acid">nucleic acids</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Erythrose_4-phosphate" title="Erythrose 4-phosphate">erythrose 4-phosphate</a> (E4P), which is used in the synthesis of aromatic <a href="/wiki/Amino_acids" class="mw-redirect" title="Amino acids">amino acids</a>. </p><p>Like some other monosaccharides, pentoses exist in two forms, open-chain (linear) or closed-chain (cyclic), that easily convert into each other in water solutions.<sup id="cite_ref-m_b_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-m_b-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The linear form of a pentose, which usually exists only in solutions, has an open-chain backbone of five carbons. Four of these carbons have one <a href="/wiki/Hydroxyl" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydroxyl">hydroxyl</a> <a href="/wiki/Functional_group" title="Functional group">functional group</a> (–OH) each, connected by a single <a href="/wiki/Covalent_bond" title="Covalent bond">bond</a>, and one has an oxygen atom connected by a double bond (=O), forming a <a href="/wiki/Carbonyl" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbonyl">carbonyl</a> group (C=O). The remaining bonds of the carbon atoms are satisfied by six <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">hydrogen</a> atoms. Thus the structure of the linear form is H–(CHOH)<sub><i>x</i></sub>–C(=O)–(CHOH)<sub>4-<i>x</i></sub>–H, where <i>x</i> is 0, 1, or 2. </p><p>The term "pentose" sometimes is assumed to include <b>deoxypentoses</b>, such as <a href="/wiki/Deoxyribose" title="Deoxyribose">deoxyribose</a>: compounds with general formula <span class="chemf nowrap">C<span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">5</sub></span></span>H<span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">10</sub></span></span>O<span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">5-<i>y</i></sub></span></span></span> that can be described as derived from pentoses by replacement of one or more hydroxyl groups with hydrogen atoms. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classification">Classification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pentose&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Classification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Aldopentose" class="mw-redirect" title="Aldopentose">aldopentoses</a> are a subclass of the pentoses which, in the linear form, have the carbonyl at carbon 1, forming an <a href="/wiki/Aldehyde" title="Aldehyde">aldehyde</a> derivative with structure H–C(=O)–(CHOH)<sub>4</sub>–H. The most important example is <a href="/wiki/Ribose" title="Ribose">ribose</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Ketopentose" class="mw-redirect" title="Ketopentose">ketopentoses</a> instead have the carbonyl at positions 2 or 3, forming a <a href="/wiki/Ketone" title="Ketone">ketone</a> derivative with structure H–CHOH–C(=O)–(CHOH)<sub>3</sub>–H (2-ketopentose) or H–(CHOH)<sub>2</sub>–C(=O)–(CHOH)<sub>2</sub>–H (3-ketopentose). The latter is not known to occur in nature and are difficult to synthesize. </p><p>In the open form, there are eight aldopentoses and four 2-ketopentoses, <a href="/wiki/Stereoisomer" class="mw-redirect" title="Stereoisomer">stereoisomers</a> that differ in the spatial position of the hydroxyl groups. These forms occur in pairs of <a href="/wiki/Optical_isomer" class="mw-redirect" title="Optical isomer">optical isomers</a>, generally labelled "<span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">D</span></span>" or "<span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">L</span></span>" by conventional rules (independently of their <a href="/wiki/Optical_activity" class="mw-redirect" title="Optical activity">optical activity</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aldopentoses">Aldopentoses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pentose&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Aldopentoses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Aldose" title="Aldose">aldose</a></div> <p>The aldopentoses have three <a href="/wiki/Chiral_center" class="mw-redirect" title="Chiral center">chiral centers</a>; therefore, eight (2<sup>3</sup>) different <a href="/wiki/Stereoisomer" class="mw-redirect" title="Stereoisomer">stereoisomers</a> are possible. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr align="center"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:D-arabinose.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/D-arabinose.png/150px-D-arabinose.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/D-arabinose.png/225px-D-arabinose.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/D-arabinose.png/300px-D-arabinose.png 2x" data-file-width="1128" data-file-height="557" /></a></span><br /><br /><small>D</small>-<a href="/wiki/Arabinose" title="Arabinose">Arabinose</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:D-lyxose.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/D-lyxose.png/150px-D-lyxose.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/D-lyxose.png/225px-D-lyxose.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/D-lyxose.png/300px-D-lyxose.png 2x" data-file-width="1128" data-file-height="557" /></a></span><br /><br /><small>D</small>-<a href="/wiki/Lyxose" title="Lyxose">Lyxose</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:D-Ribose.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/D-Ribose.png/150px-D-Ribose.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/D-Ribose.png/225px-D-Ribose.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/D-Ribose.png/300px-D-Ribose.png 2x" data-file-width="1129" data-file-height="559" /></a></span><br /><br /><small>D</small>-<a href="/wiki/Ribose" title="Ribose">Ribose</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Xylose_linear.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Xylose_linear.png/150px-Xylose_linear.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Xylose_linear.png/225px-Xylose_linear.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Xylose_linear.png/300px-Xylose_linear.png 2x" data-file-width="1128" data-file-height="557" /></a></span><br /><br /><small>D</small>-<a href="/wiki/Xylose" title="Xylose">Xylose</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arabinose.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Arabinose.png/150px-Arabinose.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Arabinose.png/225px-Arabinose.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Arabinose.png/300px-Arabinose.png 2x" data-file-width="1128" data-file-height="557" /></a></span><br /><br /><small>L</small>-<a href="/wiki/Arabinose" title="Arabinose">Arabinose</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lyxose.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Lyxose.png/150px-Lyxose.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Lyxose.png/225px-Lyxose.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Lyxose.png/300px-Lyxose.png 2x" data-file-width="1128" data-file-height="557" /></a></span><br /><br /><small>L</small>-<a href="/wiki/Lyxose" title="Lyxose">Lyxose</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:L-ribose.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/L-ribose.png/150px-L-ribose.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/L-ribose.png/225px-L-ribose.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/L-ribose.png/300px-L-ribose.png 2x" data-file-width="1128" data-file-height="557" /></a></span><br /><br /><small>L</small>-<a href="/wiki/Ribose" title="Ribose">Ribose</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:L-xylose.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/L-xylose.png/150px-L-xylose.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/L-xylose.png/225px-L-xylose.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/L-xylose.png/300px-L-xylose.png 2x" data-file-width="1128" data-file-height="557" /></a></span><br /><br /><small>L</small>-<a href="/wiki/Xylose" title="Xylose">Xylose</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Ribose" title="Ribose">Ribose</a> is a constituent of <a href="/wiki/RNA" title="RNA">RNA</a>, and the related molecule, <a href="/wiki/Deoxyribose" title="Deoxyribose">deoxyribose</a>, is a constituent of <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a>. Phosphorylated pentoses are important products of the <a href="/wiki/Pentose_phosphate_pathway" title="Pentose phosphate pathway">pentose phosphate pathway</a>, most importantly <a href="/wiki/Ribose_5-phosphate" title="Ribose 5-phosphate">ribose 5-phosphate</a> (R5P), which is used in the synthesis of <a href="/wiki/Nucleotide" title="Nucleotide">nucleotides</a> and nucleic acids, and <a href="/wiki/Erythrose_4-phosphate" title="Erythrose 4-phosphate">erythrose 4-phosphate</a> (E4P), which is used in the synthesis of <a href="/wiki/Aromatic_amino_acid" title="Aromatic amino acid">aromatic amino acids</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ketopentoses">Ketopentoses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pentose&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ketopentoses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Ketose" title="Ketose">ketose</a></div> <p>The 2-ketopentoses have two chiral centers; therefore, four (2<sup>2</sup>) different stereoisomers are possible. The 3-ketopentoses are rare. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr align="center"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ribulose.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Ribulose.png/150px-Ribulose.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Ribulose.png/225px-Ribulose.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Ribulose.png/300px-Ribulose.png 2x" data-file-width="1226" data-file-height="557" /></a></span><br /><br /><small>D</small>-<a href="/wiki/Ribulose" title="Ribulose">Ribulose</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:D-xylulose.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/D-xylulose.png/150px-D-xylulose.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/D-xylulose.png/225px-D-xylulose.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/D-xylulose.png/300px-D-xylulose.png 2x" data-file-width="1226" data-file-height="557" /></a></span><br /><br /><small>D</small>-<a href="/wiki/Xylulose" title="Xylulose">Xylulose</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:L-ribulose.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/L-ribulose.png/150px-L-ribulose.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/L-ribulose.png/225px-L-ribulose.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/L-ribulose.png/300px-L-ribulose.png 2x" data-file-width="1226" data-file-height="557" /></a></span><br /><br /><small>L</small>-<a href="/wiki/Ribulose" title="Ribulose">Ribulose</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Xylulose.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Xylulose.png/150px-Xylulose.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Xylulose.png/225px-Xylulose.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Xylulose.png/300px-Xylulose.png 2x" data-file-width="1226" data-file-height="557" /></a></span><br /><br /><small>L</small>-<a href="/wiki/Xylulose" title="Xylulose">Xylulose</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cyclic_forms">Cyclic forms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pentose&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Cyclic forms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The closed or cyclic form of a pentose forms when the <a href="/wiki/Carbonyl_group" title="Carbonyl group">carbonyl group</a> reacts with a <a href="/wiki/Hydroxyl" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydroxyl">hydroxyl</a> in another carbon, turning the carbonyl into a hydroxyl and creating an <a href="/wiki/Hemiacetal" title="Hemiacetal">ether bridge</a> –O– between the two carbons. This <a href="/wiki/Intramolecular_reaction" title="Intramolecular reaction">intramolecular reaction</a> yields a <a href="/wiki/Cyclic_compound" title="Cyclic compound">cyclic</a> molecule, with a ring consisting of one oxygen atom and usually four carbon atoms; the cyclic compounds are then called <a href="/wiki/Furanose" title="Furanose">furanoses</a>, for having the same rings as the <a href="/wiki/Ether" title="Ether">cyclic ether</a> <a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrofuran" title="Tetrahydrofuran">tetrahydrofuran</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-m_b_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-m_b-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The ring closure converts the carbonyl carbon into a <a href="/wiki/Stereocenter" title="Stereocenter">chiral center</a>, which may adopt either of two configurations, depending on the position of the new hydroxyl. Therefore, each linear form can produce two distinct closed forms, identified by prefixes "α" and "β". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deoxypentoses">Deoxypentoses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pentose&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Deoxypentoses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Deoxy_sugar" title="Deoxy sugar">Deoxy sugar</a></div> <p>The one deoxypentose has two total stereoisomers. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr align="center"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:D-deoxyribose_chain.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/D-deoxyribose_chain.svg/150px-D-deoxyribose_chain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/D-deoxyribose_chain.svg/225px-D-deoxyribose_chain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/D-deoxyribose_chain.svg/300px-D-deoxyribose_chain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="457" data-file-height="243" /></a></span><br /><br /><small>D</small>-<a href="/wiki/Deoxyribose" title="Deoxyribose">Deoxyribose</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:L-Deoxyribose_chain.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/L-Deoxyribose_chain.png/150px-L-Deoxyribose_chain.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/L-Deoxyribose_chain.png/225px-L-Deoxyribose_chain.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/L-Deoxyribose_chain.png/300px-L-Deoxyribose_chain.png 2x" data-file-width="1130" data-file-height="559" /></a></span><br /><br /><small>L</small>-<a href="/wiki/L-Deoxyribose" title="L-Deoxyribose">Deoxyribose</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Properties">Properties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pentose&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Properties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the cell, pentoses have a higher <a href="/wiki/Metabolic" class="mw-redirect" title="Metabolic">metabolic</a> stability than <a href="/wiki/Hexose" title="Hexose">hexoses</a>. </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Polymer" title="Polymer">polymer</a> composed of pentose sugars is called a <a href="/wiki/Pentosan" title="Pentosan">pentosan</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tests_for_pentoses">Tests for pentoses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pentose&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Tests for pentoses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The most important tests for pentoses rely on converting the pentose to furfural, which then reacts with a <a href="/wiki/Chromophore" title="Chromophore">chromophore</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Bernhard_Tollens" title="Bernhard Tollens">Tollens</a>’ test for pentoses (not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Tollens%27_reagent" title="Tollens' reagent">Tollens' silver-mirror test</a> for <a href="/wiki/Reducing_sugar" title="Reducing sugar">reducing sugars</a>), the <a href="/wiki/Furfural" title="Furfural">furfural</a> ring reacts with <a href="/wiki/Phloroglucinol" title="Phloroglucinol">phloroglucinol</a> to produce a colored compound;<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the <a href="/wiki/Aniline_acetate_test" title="Aniline acetate test">aniline acetate test</a> with aniline acetate;<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in <a href="/wiki/Bial%27s_test" title="Bial's test">Bial's test</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Orcinol" title="Orcinol">orcinol</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In each of these tests, pentoses react much more strongly and quickly than hexoses. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pentose&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pentose">Pentose</a>, Merriam-Webster</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pubchem-D-ribose-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pubchem-D-ribose_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/D-Ribose"><span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">D</span></span>-Ribose</a>". PubChem compound webpage, accessed on 2010-02-06.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-m_b-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-m_b_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-m_b_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMorrison,_Robert_ThorntonBoyd,_Robert_Neilson" class="citation book cs1">Morrison, Robert Thornton; Boyd, Robert Neilson. <i>Organic Chemistry</i> (2nd ed.). 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(May 1901). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cber.19010340212">"Ueber Spectral‐Reactionen des Methylfurfurols"</a>. <i>Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft</i>. <b>34</b> (2): 1425–1426. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fcber.19010340212">10.1002/cber.19010340212</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0365-9496">0365-9496</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Berichte+der+Deutschen+Chemischen+Gesellschaft&rft.atitle=Ueber+Spectral%E2%80%90Reactionen+des+Methylfurfurols&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=1425-1426&rft.date=1901-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fcber.19010340212&rft.issn=0365-9496&rft.aulast=Oshima&rft.aufirst=Kintaro&rft.au=Tollens%2C+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1002%2Fcber.19010340212&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APentose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeagerSlabaughHansen2016" class="citation book cs1">Seager, Spencer L.; Slabaugh, Michael R.; Hansen, Maren S. (2016-12-05). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xfS5DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA358"><i>Safety Scale Laboratory Experiments</i></a>. Cengage Learning. p. 358. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781337517140" title="Special:BookSources/9781337517140"><bdi>9781337517140</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Safety+Scale+Laboratory+Experiments&rft.pages=358&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2016-12-05&rft.isbn=9781337517140&rft.aulast=Seager&rft.aufirst=Spencer+L.&rft.au=Slabaugh%2C+Michael+R.&rft.au=Hansen%2C+Maren+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxfS5DQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA358&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APentose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPavia2005" class="citation book cs1">Pavia, Donald L. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ega5c11VHvkC&pg=PA447"><i>Introduction to Organic Laboratory Techniques: A Small Scale Approach</i></a>. Cengage Learning. p. 447. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0534408338" title="Special:BookSources/0534408338"><bdi>0534408338</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+Organic+Laboratory+Techniques%3A+A+Small+Scale+Approach&rft.pages=447&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0534408338&rft.aulast=Pavia&rft.aufirst=Donald+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dega5c11VHvkC%26pg%3DPA447&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APentose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Types_of_carbohydrates" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Carbohydrates" title="Template:Carbohydrates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Carbohydrates" title="Template talk:Carbohydrates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Carbohydrates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Carbohydrates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Types_of_carbohydrates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Types of <a href="/wiki/Carbohydrate" title="Carbohydrate">carbohydrates</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aldose" title="Aldose">Aldose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketose" title="Ketose">Ketose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furanose" title="Furanose">Furanose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyranose" title="Pyranose">Pyranose</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geometry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anomer" title="Anomer">Anomer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclohexane_conformation" title="Cyclohexane conformation">Cyclohexane conformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epimer" title="Epimer">Epimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutarotation" title="Mutarotation">Mutarotation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Monosaccharide" title="Monosaccharide">Monosaccharides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Diose" title="Diose">Dioses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Aldodiose <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glycolaldehyde" title="Glycolaldehyde">Glycolaldehyde</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Triose" title="Triose">Trioses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Aldotriose <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glyceraldehyde" title="Glyceraldehyde">Glyceraldehyde</a></li></ul></li> <li>Ketotriose <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dihydroxyacetone" title="Dihydroxyacetone">Dihydroxyacetone</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tetrose" title="Tetrose">Tetroses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Aldotetroses <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erythrose" title="Erythrose">Erythrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Threose" title="Threose">Threose</a></li></ul></li> <li>Ketotetrose <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erythrulose" title="Erythrulose">Erythrulose</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pentoses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Aldopentoses <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabinose" title="Arabinose">Arabinose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyxose" title="Lyxose">Lyxose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ribose" title="Ribose">Ribose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xylose" title="Xylose">Xylose</a></li></ul></li> <li>Ketopentoses <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ribulose" title="Ribulose">Ribulose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xylulose" title="Xylulose">Xylulose</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deoxy_sugar" title="Deoxy sugar">Deoxy sugars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deoxyribose" title="Deoxyribose">Deoxyribose</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hexose" title="Hexose">Hexoses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aldohexose" class="mw-redirect" title="Aldohexose">Aldohexoses</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allose" title="Allose">Allose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altrose" title="Altrose">Altrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactose" title="Galactose">Galactose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glucose" title="Glucose">Glucose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulose" title="Gulose">Gulose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idose" title="Idose">Idose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mannose" title="Mannose">Mannose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talose" title="Talose">Talose</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketohexose" class="mw-redirect" title="Ketohexose">Ketohexoses</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fructose" title="Fructose">Fructose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psicose" title="Psicose">Psicose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorbose" title="Sorbose">Sorbose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagatose" title="Tagatose">Tagatose</a></li></ul></li> <li>Deoxy sugars <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fucose" title="Fucose">Fucose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuculose" title="Fuculose">Fuculose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhamnose" title="Rhamnose">Rhamnose</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Heptose" title="Heptose">Heptoses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ketoheptoses <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mannoheptulose" title="Mannoheptulose">Mannoheptulose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedoheptulose" title="Sedoheptulose">Sedoheptulose</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Above 7</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Octose" title="Octose">Octoses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonose" title="Nonose">Nonoses</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neuraminic_acid" title="Neuraminic acid">Neuraminic acid</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multiple</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Disaccharide" title="Disaccharide">Disaccharides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cellobiose" title="Cellobiose">Cellobiose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isomaltose" title="Isomaltose">Isomaltose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isomaltulose" title="Isomaltulose">Isomaltulose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lactose" title="Lactose">Lactose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lactulose" title="Lactulose">Lactulose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltose" title="Maltose">Maltose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sucrose" title="Sucrose">Sucrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trehalose" title="Trehalose">Trehalose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turanose" title="Turanose">Turanose</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Trisaccharide" title="Trisaccharide">Trisaccharides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maltotriose" title="Maltotriose">Maltotriose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melezitose" title="Melezitose">Melezitose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raffinose" title="Raffinose">Raffinose</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tetrasaccharide" title="Tetrasaccharide">Tetrasaccharides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stachyose" title="Stachyose">Stachyose</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other<br /> <a href="/wiki/Oligosaccharide" title="Oligosaccharide">oligosaccharides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acarbose" title="Acarbose">Acarbose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fructooligosaccharide" title="Fructooligosaccharide">Fructooligosaccharide</a> (FOS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactooligosaccharide" title="Galactooligosaccharide">Galactooligosaccharide</a> (GOS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isomaltooligosaccharide" title="Isomaltooligosaccharide">Isomaltooligosaccharide</a> (IMO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltodextrin" title="Maltodextrin">Maltodextrin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Polysaccharide" title="Polysaccharide">Polysaccharides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beta-glucan" title="Beta-glucan">Beta-glucan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oat_beta-glucan" title="Oat beta-glucan">Oat beta-glucan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lentinan" title="Lentinan">Lentinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schizophyllan" title="Schizophyllan">Sizofiran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zymosan" title="Zymosan">Zymosan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cellulose" title="Cellulose">Cellulose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chitin" title="Chitin">Chitin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chitosan" title="Chitosan">Chitosan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dextrin" title="Dextrin">Dextrin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dextran" title="Dextran">Dextran</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fructose" title="Fructose">Fructose</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fructan" title="Fructan">Fructan</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inulin" title="Inulin">Inulin</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Galactose" title="Galactose">Galactose</a> / <a href="/wiki/Galactose" title="Galactose">Galactan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Glucose" title="Glucose">Glucose</a> / <a href="/wiki/Glucan" title="Glucan">Glucan</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glycogen" title="Glycogen">Glycogen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemicellulose" title="Hemicellulose">Hemicellulose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levan_polysaccharide" title="Levan polysaccharide">Levan beta 2→6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lignin" title="Lignin">Lignin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mannans" title="Mannans">Mannan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pectin" title="Pectin">Pectin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starch" title="Starch">Starch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amylopectin" title="Amylopectin">Amylopectin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amylose" title="Amylose">Amylose</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xanthan_gum" title="Xanthan gum">Xanthan gum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Carbohydrates" title="Category:Carbohydrates">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205654#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Pentosen"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4173707-6">Germany</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Pentoses"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85099648">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Pentoses"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12500431p">France</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Pentoses"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12500431p">BnF data</a></span></span></li><li><span 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