CINXE.COM
Tips for Searching
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <META NAME="ROBOTS" CONTENT="NOINDEX, FOLLOW"> <META content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv=Content-Type> <META name="copyright" content="©2001 All Rights Reserved. Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies."> <META NAME="ROBOTS" CONTENT="NOINDEX, NOFOLLOW"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png?v=Km2wkp7okQ"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png?v=Km2wkp7okQ"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png?v=Km2wkp7okQ"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png?v=Km2wkp7okQ"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png?v=Km2wkp7okQ"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png?v=Km2wkp7okQ"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png?v=Km2wkp7okQ"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png?v=Km2wkp7okQ"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png?v=Km2wkp7okQ"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/favicon-32x32.png?v=Km2wkp7okQ"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/favicon-16x16.png?v=Km2wkp7okQ"> <link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json?v=Km2wkp7okQ"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="/safari-pinned-tab.svg?v=Km2wkp7okQ" color="#5bbad5"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico?v=Km2wkp7okQ"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffc40d"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="/mstile-144x144.png?v=Km2wkp7okQ"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/allMD.css" type="text/css" media="screen, projection"> <!--[if IE]> <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/ie.css" type="text/css" media="screen, projection"> <![endif]--> <TITLE>Tips for Searching</TITLE> </head <body> <A name="TopPosition"> </A> <div id="main" class="main marginZero"> <div class="bg8 tc "> <div role="banner" class=" bannerBack marginZero" > <a href="#main"> <img src="images/DBHFill.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="Skip Navigation"></a> <div id="MobileOneLineMenu1" class="Link_Buttons"> <a href="#" type="button" onclick="document.getElementById('MobileOneLineMenu1').style.cssText = ' font-size: 0; height: 0;'; document.getElementById('MobileOneLineMenu2').style.cssText = ' font-size: 1.8em; height: 2.6em;';showMe()">Menu</a> </div> <div id="MobileOneLineMenu2" class="Link_Buttons"> <a href="#" type="button" onclick="document.getElementById('MobileOneLineMenu2').style.cssText = 'font-size: 0; height: 0;'; document.getElementById('MobileOneLineMenu1').style.cssText = ' font-size: 1.8em; height: 2.6em; margin-right: .74em;';notDisplay()">Menu</a> </div> <div class="lower "> <div role="navigation" id="MobileFullMenu" class="mattblacktabs marginZero"> <ul> <li><a href="default.asp" class="buttonHeight buttonWidth marginZero" title=" Go to Home Page ">Home</a></li> <li><a href="info.asp" class="buttonHeight buttonWidth marginZero" title=" View information about IEU ">About IEU</a></li> <li><a href="help.asp" class=" buttonHeight buttonWidth marginZero" title=" View user's instructions, tips and editorial information ">User Info</a></li> <li><a href="contact.asp" class=" buttonHeight buttonWidth marginZero" title=" Contact IEU staff ">Contact Address</a></li> <li><a href="donor.asp" class=" buttonHeight buttonWidth marginZero" title=" Donors ">Donors</a></li> <li><a href="donate.asp" class=" buttonHeight buttonWidth marginZero" title="Donate to Encyclopedia">Donate to IEU</a></li> </ul> </div> <div role="navigation" id="largeMenu" class="mattblacktabs marginZero"> <ul > <li ><a href="default.asp" title=" Go to Home Page " >Home</a></li> <li><a href="info.asp" title=" View information about IEU ">About IEU</a></li> <li><a href="help.asp" title=" View user's instructions, tips and editorial information ">User Info</a></li> <li><a href="main-index.asp" title=" Use IEU Index to search for entry titles ">Index Search</a></li> <li><a href="contact.asp" title=" Contact IEU staff ">Contact Address</a></li> <li><a href="donate.asp" title=" Donate to Encyclopedia ">Donate to IEU</a></li> </ul> </div> <form role="search" name="FormMain" id="Blockkk" method="post" action="alphasearch.asp" class="SearchFloat SearchPosition"> <input id="submit1" type="submit" class="inputButton buttonHeightSub" title=" Search Titles in Encyclopedia " value=" Title " onclick="document.FormMain.action='alphasearch.asp' + '?q=' + document.getElementById('email').value;"> <input id="submit2" type="submit" class="inputButton buttonHeightSub" title=" Full Text Search " value="Text " onclick="document.FormMain.action='query.asp' +'?q=' + document.getElementById('email').value; method='post'"> <input id="submit3" type="submit" class="inputButton buttonHeightSub" title=" Use advanced search functions to search IEU database " value="ADV " onclick="document.FormMain.action='advanced.asp' + '?q=' + document.getElementById('email').value;"> <div id="SearchFieldMobile" class="mattblacktabs"> <label for="email" class="visuallyhidden">Search: </label><input id="email" type="text" name="Textalpha" value="Search" onfocus="this.value=''"></div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="bg9 tc float90 marginZero"> <BR> <h1><a name="QueryLanguage">Query Language</a></h1> <div class="tableFireFoxCenter"> <P class="DoonorPadding " ></P> <a name="main"></a> <P class="DoonorPadding " > <FONT face=Verdana> You can search for any word or phrase in the Advanced Search web page. Please enter word or phrase into an Advanced Full Text Search input text box and click the button to execute the query (Go or Submit button). This section will explain in detail how to construct advanced search queries and covers the following topics: </FONT> </p> <BR> <ul class="textLeftPlain"> <li><FONT face=Verdana><strong><A href="#Boolean and Proximity Operators">Boolean and Proximity Operators:</A> Shows how to make more precise queries by inserting Boolean and proximity operators. </FONT></li> <li><FONT face=Verdana><strong><A href="#Wildcards">Wildcards</A>:</strong> Helps you find pages containing words similar to a given word. </FONT></li> <li><FONT face=Verdana><strong><A href="#FreeTextQueries">Free-Text Queries</A>:</strong> Describes how to formulate a query based on the meaning of a phrase rather than the exact wording. </FONT></li> <li><FONT face=Verdana><strong><A href="#VectorQueries">Vector Space Queries</A>:</strong> Explains how to get query results that match a list of words and phrases. </FONT></li> <li><FONT face=Verdana><strong><A href="#PropertyValueQueries">Property Value Queries</A>:</strong> Tells how to query for the property values of a file. </FONT></li> <li><FONT face=Verdana><strong><A href="#Examples">Query Examples</A>:</strong> Gives examples of various queries. </FONT></li> </ul> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>Searches produce a list of files that contain the word or phrase no matter where they appear in the text. This list gives the rules for formulating queries:</FONT></p> <ul class="textLeftPlain"> <li><FONT face=Verdana>Consecutive words are treated as a phrase; they must appear in the same order within a matching document. </FONT></li> <li><FONT face=Verdana>Queries are case-insensitive, so you can type your query in uppercase or lowercase. </FONT></li> <li><FONT face=Verdana>You can search for any word except for those in the exception list (for English, this includes <em>a</em>, <em>an</em>, <em>and</em>, <em>as</em>, and other common words), which are ignored during a search. </FONT></li> <li><FONT face=Verdana>Words in the exception list are treated as placeholders in phrase and proximity queries. For example, if you searched for "Word for Windows", the results could give you "Word for Windows" and "Word and Windows", because <em>for </em>is a noise word and appears in the exception list. </FONT></li> <li><FONT face=Verdana>Punctuation marks such as the period (.), colon (:), semicolon (;), and comma (,) are ignored during a search. </FONT></li> <li><FONT face=Verdana>To use specially treated characters such as &, |, ^, #, @, $, (, ), in a query, enclose your query in quotation marks ("). </FONT> </li> <li><FONT face=Verdana>To search for a word or phrase containing quotation marks, enclose the entire phrase in quotation marks and then double the quotation marks around the word or words you want to surround with quotes. For example, "World-Wide Web or ""Web""" searches for <em>World-Wide Web or "Web".</em> </FONT> <li><FONT face=Verdana>You can insert <A href="#Operators">Boolean operators</A> (<strong>AND</strong>, <strong>OR</strong>, and <strong>NOT</strong>) and the <A href="#Operators">proximity operator</A> (<strong>NEAR</strong>) to specify additional search information. </FONT> </li> <li><FONT face=Verdana>The <A href="#Wildcards">wildcard character</A> (*) can match words with a given prefix. The query esc* matches the terms "ESC," "escape," and so on. </FONT> </li> <li><FONT face=Verdana><A href="#FreeTextQueries">Free-text queries</A> can be specified without regard to query syntax. </FONT></li> <li><FONT face=Verdana><A href="#VectorQueries">Vector space queries</A> can be specified. </FONT> </li> <li><FONT face=Verdana>ActiveX™ (OLE) and file attribute <A href="#PropertyValueQueries">property value queries</A> can be issued. </FONT> </li> </ul> <H2><a href="#TopPosition"><IMG class="marginZero" alt="Go To Top Of Page" title="Go To Top Of Page" border="0" src="images/UpArSm.png"> </a><FONT face=Verdana><a name="Operators" style="color=black">Boolean and Proximity Operators</a></FONT></H2> <P class="DoonorPadding " style="padding-left:5em; padding-right: 5em; margin-left:auto; text-align:center;">Boolean and proximity operators can create a more precise query.</p> <table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="1" style="border:1px solid black; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;" > <tr> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" >To Search For</td> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" >Example</td> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" >Results</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Both terms in the same page </td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier"><code>water and fire</code></font> <br> <strong>—</strong>Or<strong>—</strong><br> <font size="3" face="Courier"><code><FONT face=Courier size=3><CODE>water</CODE></FONT> & fire</code></font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Pages with both the words "water" and "fire" </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Either term in a page </td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier"><code><FONT face=Courier size=3><CODE>water</CODE></FONT> or fire</code></font><br> <strong>—</strong>Or<strong>—</strong><br> <font size="3" face="Courier"><code><FONT face=Courier size=3><CODE>water</CODE></FONT> | fire</code></font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Pages with the words "water" or "fire" </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">The first term without the second term </td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier">cooking and not oil</font><br> <strong>—</strong>Or<strong>—</strong><br> <font size="3" face="Courier"><code><FONT face=Courier size=3><CODE>cooking</CODE></FONT> & ! oil</code></font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Pages with the word "cooking" but not "oil" </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Pages not matching a property value </td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier"><code>not @size = 100</code></font><br> <strong>—</strong>Or<strong>—</strong><br> <font size="3" face="Courier"><code>! @size = 100</code></font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Pages that are not 100 bytes </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Both terms in the same page, close together </td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier"><code>car near safty</code></font><br> <strong>—</strong>Or<strong>—</strong><br> <font size="3" face="Courier"><code>car ~ safty</code></font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Pages with the word "car" near the word "safty" </td> </tr> </table> <P class="DoonorPadding " >Hints:</p> <ul class="textLeftPlain"> <li>You can add parentheses to nest expressions within a query. The expressions in parentheses are evaluated before the rest of the query.</li> <li>Use double quotes (") to indicate that a Boolean or <strong>NEAR</strong> operator keyword should be ignored in your query. For example, "Abbott and Costello" will match pages with the phrase, not pages that match the Boolean expression. In addition to being an operator, the word <em>and</em> is a noise word in English.</li> <li>The<strong> NEAR</strong> operator is similar to the <strong>AND</strong> operator in that <strong>NEAR</strong> returns a match if both words being searched for are in the same page. However, the <strong>NEAR</strong> operator differs from <strong>AND</strong> because the rank assigned by <strong>NEAR</strong> depends on the proximity of words. That is, the rank of a page with the searched-for words closer together is greater than or equal to the rank of a page where the words are farther apart. If the searched-for words are more than 50 words apart, they are not considered near enough, and the page is assigned a rank of zero.</li> <li>The <strong>NOT</strong> operator can be used only after an <strong>AND</strong> operator in content queries; it can be used only to exclude pages that match a previous content restriction. For property value queries, the <strong>NOT</strong> operator can be used apart from the <strong>AND</strong> operator.</li> <li>The <strong>AND</strong> operator has a higher precedence than <strong>OR</strong>. For example, the first three queries are equal, but the fourth is not:a AND b OR c<br> c OR a AND b<br> c OR (a AND b)<br> (c OR a) AND b</li> </ul> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><strong>Note</strong> The symbols (&, |, !, ~) and the English keywords <strong>AND</strong>, <strong>OR</strong>, <strong>NOT</strong>, and <strong>NEAR</strong> work the same way in all languages supported by Index Server. Localized keywords are also available when the browser locale is set to one of the following six languages:</p> <table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="1" style="border:1px solid black; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"> <tr> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="40%" style="border:1px solid black;">Language</td> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="60%" style="border:1px solid black;">Keywords</td> </tr> <tr > <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign="top">German</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign="top"><strong>UND</strong>, <strong>ODER</strong>, <strong>NICHT</strong>, <strong>NAH</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">French</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><strong>ET</strong>, <strong>OU</strong>, <strong>SANS</strong>, <strong>PRES</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign="top">Spanish</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign="top"><strong>Y</strong>, <strong>O</strong>, <strong>NO</strong>, <strong>CERCA</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign="top">Dutch</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign="top"><strong>EN</strong>, <strong>OF</strong>, <strong>NIET</strong>, <strong>NABIJ</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign="top">Swedish</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign="top"><strong>OCH</strong>, <strong>ELLER</strong>, <strong>INTE</strong>, <strong>NÄRA</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" >Italian</td><td style="border:1px solid black;"> <strong>E</strong>, <strong>O</strong>, <strong>NO</strong>, <strong>VICINO</strong></td> </tr> </table> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><strong>Note</strong> The NEAR operator can be applied only to words or phrases.</p> <!-- /FONT--> <H2><a href="#TopPosition"><IMG class="marginZero" alt="Go To Top Of Page" title="Go To Top Of Page" border="0" src="images/UpArSm.png"> </a><FONT face=Verdana><a name="Wildcards" style="color=black">Wildcards</a></FONT></H2> <!-- FONT face="Verdana,Arial,Helvetica" --> <P class="DoonorPadding " style="padding-left:5em; padding-right: 5em; text-align:center;">Wildcard operators help you find pages containing words similar to a given word. </p> <table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="1" style="border:1px solid black; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"> <tr> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0">To Search For</td> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0">Example</td> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0">Results</td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign="top">Words with the same prefix</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign="top"><font size="3" face="Courier">comput*</font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign="top">Pages with words that have the prefix "comput," such as "computer," "computing," and so on</td> </tr> </table> <!--/FONT--> <H2><a href="#TopPosition"><IMG class="marginZero" alt="Go To Top Of Page" title="Go To Top Of Page" border="0" src="images/UpArSm.png"> </a><FONT face=Verdana><a name="FreeTextQueries" style="color=black">Free-Text Queries</a></FONT></H2> <!-- FONT face="Verdana,Arial,Helvetica" --> <P class="DoonorPadding " >The query engine finds pages that best match the words and phrases in a free-text query. This is done by automatically finding pages that match the meaning, not the exact wording, of the query. Boolean, proximity, and wildcard operators are ignored within a free-text query. Free-text queries are prefixed with $contents.</p> <table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="1" style="border:1px solid black; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;" > <tr> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0">To Search For</td> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0">Example </td> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0"> Results </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign="top">Files that match free-text</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign="top"><font size="3" face="Courier">$contents how do I print in Microsoft Excel? </font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Pages that mention printing and Microsoft Excel.</td> </tr> </table> <!-- /FONT--> <H2><a href="#TopPosition"><IMG class="marginZero" alt="Go To Top Of Page" title="Go To Top Of Page" border="0" src="images/UpArSm.png"> </a><FONT face=Verdana><a name="VectorQueries" style="color=black">Vector Space Queries</a></FONT></H2> <!-- FONT face="Verdana,Arial,Helvetica" --> <P class="DoonorPadding " >The query engine supports vector space queries. Vector queries return pages that match a list of words and phrases. The rank of each page indicates how well the page matched the query. </p> <table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="1" style="border:1px solid black; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;" width="92%"> <tr> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0">To Search For</td> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0">Example</td> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0">Results</td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Pages that contain specific words</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier"><code>light, bulb</code></font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Files with words that best match the words being searched for</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Pages that contain weighted prefixes, words, and phrases</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier">invent*, light[50], bulb[10], "light bulb"[400]</font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Files that contain words prefixed by "invent," the words "light," "bulb," and the phrase"light bulb" (the terms are weighted)</td> </tr> </table> <P class="DoonorPadding " > <!-- </p> --><br> <ul class="textLeftPlain"> <li>Components in vector queries are separated by commas.</li> <li>Components in vector queries can be weighted by using the [weight] syntax.</li> <li>Pages returned by vector queries do not necessarily match every term in the query. </li> <li>Vector queries work best when the results are sorted by rank. </li> </ul> <!-- /FONT--> <H2><a href="#TopPosition"><IMG class="marginZero" alt="Go To Top Of Page" title="Go To Top Of Page" border="0" src="images/UpArSm.png"> </a><FONT face=Verdana><a name="PropertyValueQueries" style="color=black">Property Value Queries</a></FONT></H2> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>With property value queries, you can find files that have property values that match a given criteria. The properties over which you can query include basic file information like file name and file size, and ActiveX properties including the document summary (information) that is stored in files created by ActiveX-aware applications.</FONT></p> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>There are two types of property queries:</FONT></p> <ul class="textLeftPlain"> <li><FONT face=Verdana><em>Relational property queries</em> consist of an "at" character (@), a <A href="#PropertyNames">property name</A>, a <A href="#RelationalOperators">relational operator</A>, and a <A href="#PropertyValues">property value</A>. For example, to find all of the files larger than one million bytes, issue the query @size > 1000000. </FONT></li> <li><FONT face=Verdana><em>Regular expression property queries</em> consist of a number sign (#), a property name, and a <A href="#RegularExpressions">regular expression</A> for the property value. For example, to find to find all of the video (.avi) files, issue the query #filename *.avi. Regular expressions will never match the special properties contents (#contents) and all (#all). Properties that are not retrievable at query time cannot be used in # queries. these include HTML META properties not stored in the property cache. </FONT></li> </ul> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>This section covers the following topics:</FONT> </p> <ul class="textLeftPlain"> <li><FONT face=Verdana><A href="#PropertyNames">Property Names</A> </FONT></li> <li><FONT face=Verdana><A href="#RelationalOperators">Relational Operators</A> </FONT></li> <li><FONT face=Verdana><A href="#PropertyValues">Property Values</A> </FONT></li> </ul> <H2><a href="#TopPosition"><IMG class="marginZero" alt="Go To Top Of Page" title="Go To Top Of Page" border="0" src="images/UpArSm.png"> </a><FONT face=Verdana><a name="PropertyNames" style="color=black">Property Names</a></FONT></h2> <!-- FONT face="Verdana,Arial,Helvetica" --> <P class="DoonorPadding " >Property names are preceded by either the "at" (@) or number sign (#) character. Use @ for relational queries, and # for regular expression queries.</p> <P class="DoonorPadding " >If no property name is specified, <em>@contents</em> is assumed.</p> <P class="DoonorPadding " >Properties available for all files include:</p> <table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="1" style="border:1px solid black; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;" > <tr> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0">Property Name</td> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" >Description</td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">All</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Matches words, phrases, and any property</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Contents</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Words and phrases in the file</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Filename</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Name of the file</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Size</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">File size</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Write</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Last time the file was modified</td> </tr> </table> <P class="DoonorPadding " >ActiveX property values can also be used in queries. Web sites with files created by most ActiveX-aware applications can be queried for these properties:</p> <table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="1" style="border:1px solid black; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;" > <tr> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" >Property Name </td> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" >Description</td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">DocTitle</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Title of the document</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">DocSubject</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Subject of the document </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">DocAuthor</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">The document’s author </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">DocKeywords</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Keywords for the document </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">DocComments</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Comments about the document </td> </tr> </table> <P class="DoonorPadding " ></p> <H2><a href="#TopPosition"><IMG class="marginZero" alt="Go To Top Of Page" title="Go To Top Of Page" border="0" src="images/UpArSm.png"> </a><a name="RelationalOperators" style="color=black">Relational Operators</a></h2> <P class="DoonorPadding " style="padding-left:5em; padding-right: 5em; text-align:center;">Relational operators are used in relational property queries. </p> <table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="1" style="border:1px solid black; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;" > <tr> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0">To Search For</td> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0">Example</td> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" >Results</td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Property values in relation to a fixed value </td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier"><code>@size < 100 <br> @size <= 100 <br> @size = 100 <br> @size != 100 <br> @size >=100 <br> @size > 100 </code></font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Files whose size matches the query</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Property values with all of a set of bits on </td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier"><code>@attrib ^a 0x820</code></font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Compressed files with the archive bit on </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Property values with some of a set of bits on </td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier"><code>@attrib ^s 0x20</code></font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Files with the archive bit on </td> </tr> </table> <H2><a href="#TopPosition"><IMG class="marginZero" alt="Go To Top Of Page" title="Go To Top Of Page" border="0" src="images/UpArSm.png"> </a><a name="PropertyValues" style="color=black">Property Values</a></h2> <table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="1" style="border:1px solid black; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;" width="80%"> <tr> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" >To Search For</td> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" >Example</td> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" >Results</td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">A specific value</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier">@DocAuthor = Bill Barnes </font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Files authored by "Bill Barnes"</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Values beginning with a prefix</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier">#DocAuthor George* </font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Files whose author property begins with "George" </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Files with any of a set of extensions</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier">#filename *.|(exe|,dll|,sys|) </font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Files with .exe, .dll, or .sys extensions </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Files modified after a certain date</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier">@write > 96/2/14 10:00:00</font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Files modified after February 14, 1996 at 10:00 GMT</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Files modified after a relative date</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier">@write > -1d2h</font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Files modified in the last 26 hours</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Vectors matching a vector</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier">@vectorprop = { 10, 15, 20 }</font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">ActiveX documents with a vectorprop value of { 10, 15, 20 }</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Vectors where each value matches a criteria</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier">@vectorprop >^a 15</font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">ActiveX documents with a vectorprop value in which all values in the vector are greater than 15</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Vectors where at least one value matches a criteria</td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier">@vectorprop =^s 15</font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">ActiveX documents with a vectorprop value in which at least one value is 15</td> </tr> </table> <P class="DoonorPadding " > </p> <ul class="textLeftPlain"> <li>Be sure to use the pound (#) character before the property name when using a regular expression in a property value, and an "at" (@) character otherwise. The equal (=) relational operator is assumed for regular-expression queries. </li> <li>File name (#filename) is the only property that efficiently supports regular expressions with wildcards to the <em>left</em> of text. </li> <li>Date and time values are of the form <em>yyyy/mm/dd hh:mm:ss</em> or <EM>yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss</EM>. The first two characters of the year and the entire time can be omitted. If you omit the first two characters of the year, then 29 or less is interpreted as the year 2000, and 30 or greater is interpreted as the year 1900. All dates and times are in Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). </li> <li>Dates and times relative to the current time can be expressed with a minus (-) character followed by zero or by more integer unit and time unit pairs. Time units are expressed as: (y) for years, (m) for months, (w) for weeks, (d) for days, (h) for hours, (n) for minutes, and (s) for seconds. A three-digit millisecond value can be optionally specified after the seconds value in date expressions. For example, 1997/12/8 10:10:03:452</li> <li>Currency values are of the form <em>x.y</em>, where <em>x</em> is the whole value amount and <em>y</em> is the fractional amount. There is no assumption about units.</li> <li>Boolean values are (t) or (true) for <strong>TRUE</strong> and (f) or (false) for <strong>FALSE</strong>.</li> <li>Vectors (VT_VECTOR) are expressed as an opening brace ({), followed by a comma-separated list of values, then a closing brace (}). </li> <li>Single-value expressions that are compared against vectors are expressed as a <A href="#RelationalOperators">relational operator</A>, then a (^a) for <em>all of</em> or a (^s) for <em>some of</em>.</li> <li>Numeric values can be in decimal or hexadecimal (preceded by 0x). </li> <li>The <em>contents</em> property does not support relational operators. If a relational operator is specified, no results will be found. For example, @contents Microsoft will find documents containing Microsoft, but @contents<strong>=</strong>Microsoft will find none. </li> </ul> <!-- /FONT--> <H2><a href="#TopPosition"><IMG class="marginZero" alt="Go To Top Of Page" title="Go To Top Of Page" border="0" src="images/UpArSm.png"> </a><FONT face=Verdana><a name="RegularExpressions" style="color=black">Regular Expressions</a></FONT></H2> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>Regular expressions in property queries are defined as follows: </FONT> </p> <ul class="textLeftPlain"> <li><FONT face=Verdana>Any character except asterisk (*), period (.), question mark (?), and vertical bar (|) defaults to matching just itself. </FONT></li> <li><FONT face=Verdana>Regular expressions can be enclosed in matching quotes ("), and must be enclosed in quotes if they contain a space ( ) or closing parenthesis ()). </FONT></li> <li><FONT face=Verdana>The characters *, ., and ? behave as they behave in Windows; they match any number of characters, match (.) or end of string, and match any one character, respectively. </FONT></li> <li><FONT face=Verdana>The character | is an escape character. After |, the following characters have special meaning: </FONT> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>( opens a group. Must be followed by a matching ).<!--</p>--><br></FONT> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>) closes a group. Must be preceded by a matching (. <!--</p>--><br></FONT> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>[ opens a character class. Must be followed by a matching (un-escaped) ]. <!--</p>--><br></FONT> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>{ opens a counted match. Must be followed by a matching }. <!--</p>--><br></FONT> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>} closes a counted match. Must be preceded by a matching {. <!--</p>--><br></FONT> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>, separates <strong>OR</strong> clauses. <!--</p>--><br></FONT> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>* matches zero or more occurrences of the preceding expression.<!--</p>--><br></FONT> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>? matches zero or one occurrences of the preceding expression.<!--</p>--><br></FONT> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>+ matches one or more occurrences of the preceding expression. <!--</p>--><br></FONT> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>Anything else, including |, matches itself.<!--</p>--><br></FONT></p> </li> <li><FONT face=Verdana>Between square brackets ([]) the following characters have special meaning: </FONT> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>^ matches everything but following classes. Must be the first character. <!--</p>--><br></FONT> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>] matches ]. May only be preceded by ^, otherwise it closes the class. <!--</p>--><br></FONT> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>- range operator. Preceded and followed by normal characters.<!--</p>--><br></FONT> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>Anything else matches itself (or begins or ends a range at itself).<!--</p>--><br></FONT></p> <li><FONT face=Verdana>Between curly braces ({}) the following syntax applies: </FONT> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>|{m|} matches exactly <em>m</em> occurrences of the preceding expression. (0 < m < 256). <!--</p>--><br></FONT> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>|{m,|} matches at least <em>m</em> occurrences of the preceding expression. (1 < m < 256). <!--</p>--><br></FONT> <P class="DoonorPadding " ><FONT face=Verdana>|{m,n|} matches between <em>m</em> and <em>n</em> occurrences of the preceding expression, inclusive. (0 < m < 256, 0 < n < 256).<!--</p>--><br></FONT></p> <li><FONT face=Verdana>To match *, ., and ?, enclose them in brackets (for example, |[*]sample will match "*sample"). </FONT> </li> </ul> <H2><a href="#TopPosition"><IMG class="marginZero" alt="Go To Top Of Page" title="Go To Top Of Page" border="0" src="images/UpArSm.png"> </a><FONT face=Verdana><a name="Examples" style="color=black">Query Examples</a></FONT></H2> <!--FONT face="Verdana,Arial,Helvetica"--> <table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="1" style="border:1px solid black; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;" > <tr> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="40%">Example</td> <td align="left" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="60%">Results</td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier"><code>@size > 1000000</code></font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Pages larger than one million bytes</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier"><code>@write > 95/12/23</code></font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Pages modified after the date</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier"><code>Apple tree</code></font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Pages with the phrase "apple tree"</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier"><code>"apple tree"</code></font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Same as above</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier"><code>@contents apple tree</code></font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Same as above</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier">Microsoft and @size > 1000000</font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Pages with the word "Microsoft" that are larger than one million bytes</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier">"microsoft and @size > 1000000"</font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Pages with the phrase specified (not the same as above)</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier"><code>#filename *.avi</code></font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Video files (the # prefix is used because the query contains a regular expression)</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier"><code>@attrib ^s 32</code></font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Pages with the archive attribute bit on</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier"><code>@docauthor = John Smith</code></font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Pages with the given author</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier">$contents why is the sky blue?</font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Pages that match the query</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top"><font size="3" face="Courier">@size < 100 & #filename *.gif</font></td> <td style="border:1px solid black;" valign ="top">Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) files less than 100 bytes in size</td> </tr> </table> <BR> </div> <a href="#TopPosition"><IMG class="marginZero" alt="Go To Top Of Page" title="Go To Top Of Page" border="0" src="images/UpArSm.png"></a> <P class="DoonorPadding " > </p> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <div class=" bg8 tc fluid"> <TABLE width="100%" class="tc"> <TR> <TD class="tc FontWhite"> <BR> <!--googleoff: index--> Click Home to get to the <EM>IEU</EM> Home page; to contact the <EM>IEU</EM> editors click Contact.<BR> To learn more about <EM>IEU</EM> click About <EM>IEU</EM> and to view the list of donors and to become an <EM>IEU</EM> supporter click Donors. <!--googleon: index--> <BR> <BR> <BR> <ul role="navigaton" class="marginZero"> <li class="queryFontInline"><a class="buttonZ" href="https://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com" title="IEU Home Web Page">Home</a> </li> <li class="queryFontInline"><a class="buttonZ" href="https://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/contact.asp" title="Contact IEU Staff">Contact</a> </li> <li class="queryFontInline"><a class="buttonZ" href="https://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/info.asp" title="Information about IEU">About IEU</a></li> <li class="queryFontInline"><a class="buttonZ" href="https://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/donor.asp" title="Donors Web page">Donors</a></li> <li class="queryFontInline"><a class="buttonZ" href="https://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/donate.asp" title="Donate to Encyclopedia of Ukraine">Donate to IEU</a></li> </ul> <BR> <!--googleoff: index--> ©2001 All Rights Reserved. Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies. <!--googleon: index--> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- function notDisplay() { document.getElementById("MobileFullMenu").style.display = "none"; } function showMe() { document.getElementById("MobileFullMenu").style.display = "block"; } //--> </script> </body> </html>