Search Icon

<!doctype html> <html lang="en" class="articleRendererHTML no-js"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, user-scalable=yes"> <meta name="apple-itunes-app" content="app-id=388947468"> <title class="escenic-title">Is this the fabric of the universe?</title>  <script defer type="text/javascript" src="/.rum/@adobe/helix-rum-js@%5E2/dist/rum-standalone.js"></script> <script type="application/ld+json" data-js="main-json-schema"> { "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "NewsArticle", "headline": "escenic", "isAccessibleForFree": true, "publisher": { "@type": "NewsMediaOrganization", "name": "The Telegraph", "@id": "telegraph.co.uk" }, "isPartOf": { "@type": ["CreativeWork", "Product"], "name" : "The Telegraph", "productID": "telegraph.co.uk:TABLET" } } </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/3352140/Is-this-the-fabric-of-the-universe.html"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//polyfill-fastly.io"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//static.telegraph.co.uk"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//assets.adobedtm.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//experience.tinypass.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//cdn.petametrics.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//telegraphmedia.bootstrap.fyre.co"> <link rel="preload" as="font" crossorigin="crossorigin" type="font/woff2" href="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/ui/dist/static/resources/fonts/austin-news-uprights-vf-basic-web.woff2"> <link rel="preload" as="font" crossorigin="crossorigin" type="font/woff2" href="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/ui/dist/static/resources/fonts/Telesans-Text-Web-Regular.woff2"> <link rel="preload" as="font" crossorigin="crossorigin" type="font/woff2" href="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/ui/dist/static/resources/fonts/doric-news-uprights-vf-basic-web.woff2"> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" sizes="16x16" href="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/core/resources/icons/favicon.ico"> <link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/core/resources/icons/favicon.svg"> <link rel="icon" sizes="196x196" href="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/core/resources/icons/favicon-196x196.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/core/resources/icons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/core/resources/icons/favicon.svg" color="#333333"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2c769d"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/core/resources/icons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="msapplication-tooltip" content="The Telegraph"> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/core/resources/icons/browserconfig.xml"> <meta name="msapplication-square310x310logo" content="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/core/resources/icons/mstile-310x310.png"> <meta name="msapplication-wide310x150logo" content="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/core/resources/icons/mstile-310x150.png"> <meta name="msapplication-square150x150logo" content="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/core/resources/icons/mstile-150x150.png"> <meta name="msapplication-square70x70logo" content="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/core/resources/icons/mstile-70x70.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script>(()=>{"use strict";var e,r={},t={};function o(e){var n=t[e];if(void 0!==n)return n.exports;var i=t[e]={exports:{}};return r[e].call(i.exports,i,i.exports,o),i.exports}o.m=r,e=[],o.O=(r,t,n,i)=>{if(!t){var l=1/0;for(s=0;s<e.length;s++){for(var[t,n,i]=e[s],a=!0,u=0;u<t.length;u++)(!1&i||l>=i)&&Object.keys(o.O).every((e=>o.O[e](t[u])))?t.splice(u--,1):(a=!1,i<l&&(l=i));if(a){e.splice(s--,1);var f=n();void 0!==f&&(r=f)}}return r}i=i||0;for(var s=e.length;s>0&&e[s-1][2]>i;s--)e[s]=e[s-1];e[s]=[t,n,i]},o.n=e=>{var r=e&&e.__esModule?()=>e.default:()=>e;return o.d(r,{a:r}),r},o.d=(e,r)=>{for(var t in r)o.o(r,t)&&!o.o(e,t)&&Object.defineProperty(e,t,{enumerable:!0,get:r[t]})},o.g=function(){if("object"==typeof globalThis)return globalThis;try{return this||new Function("return this")()}catch(e){if("object"==typeof window)return window}}(),o.o=(e,r)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,r),o.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},(()=>{var e={8:0};o.O.j=r=>0===e[r];var r=(r,t)=>{var n,i,[l,a,u]=t,f=0;if(l.some((r=>0!==e[r]))){for(n in a)o.o(a,n)&&(o.m[n]=a[n]);if(u)var s=u(o)}for(r&&r(t);f<l.length;f++)i=l[f],o.o(e,i)&&e[i]&&e[i][0](),e[i]=0;return o.O(s)},t=self["tmg.build"]=self["tmg.build"]||[];t.forEach(r.bind(null,0)),t.push=r.bind(null,t.push.bind(t))})()})();"use strict";(self["tmg.build"]=self["tmg.build"]||[]).push([[886,2,209],{414:(t,e,i)=>{i.d(e,{Z:()=>a});var r=i(453);class s{constructor(t){this.params=Object.assign({accordionSelector:"[data-accordion]",triggerSelector:"[data-accordion-trigger]",contentSelector:"[data-accordion-content]",hideClasses:["accordion--is-collapsed"]},t)}init(){const t=document.querySelectorAll(this.params.accordionSelector);t.length>0&&t.forEach((t=>{this.setTriggerListeners(t)}))}setTriggerListeners(t){let e=t.querySelector(this.params.triggerSelector);e&&e.addEventListener("click",(e=>{const i=t.dataset.accordionAnimate,r=parseInt(t.dataset.accordionMaxScreenWidth);(0===r||window.innerWidth<r)&&(e.preventDefault(),i?this.animateAccordion(t):this.toggleClass(t),this.toggleState(t))}))}toggleClass(t){this.params.hideClasses.forEach((e=>{t.classList.toggle(e)}))}toggleState(t){const e=t.querySelector(this.params.contentSelector);null!==e.getAttribute("aria-hidden")&&e.setAttribute("aria-hidden","false"===e.getAttribute("aria-hidden")?"true":"false");const i=t.querySelector(this.params.triggerSelector);null!==i.getAttribute("aria-expanded")&&(i.setAttribute("aria-expanded","false"===i.getAttribute("aria-expanded")?"true":"false"),this.toggleAccordionFocus(e,i)),null!==i.getAttribute("aria-label")&&i.hasAttribute("toggle-aria-label")&&this.toggleAriaLabel(i)}animateAccordion(t){const e=document.getElementById(t.dataset.accordionAnimate),i=e.clientHeight,r=e.scrollHeight,s=!i,a=e.style.height;if(t.classList.toggle("accordion--animation-collapsed"),e.style.height=(s||!a?r:0)+"px",!a)return t.classList.toggle("accordion--animation-collapsed"),this.animateAccordion(t)}toggleAriaLabel(t){const e=t.getAttribute("aria-label"),i="Show",r="Hide";if(e.startsWith(i)||e.startsWith(r)){const s=e.startsWith(i)?e.replace(i,r):e.replace(r,i);t.setAttribute("aria-label",s)}}toggleAccordionFocus(t,e){"true"===e.getAttribute("aria-expanded")?t.focus():e.focus()}}r.Z.subscribe({topic:"tmg.page.ready",func:()=>{new s({hideClasses:["accordion--is-collapsed","accordion--is-expanded"]}).init()},runIfAlreadyPublished:!0});const a=s},453:(t,e,i)=>{i.d(e,{Z:()=>a});var r=i(384);const s=new class{constructor(){this.topics=[],this.publishedTopics=[],this.UID=-1}subscribe({topic:t,func:e,runIfAlreadyPublished:i}){if("function"!=typeof e)return!1;if(i)for(let i=0;i<this.publishedTopics.length;i++)this.publishedTopics[i]===t&&e.call();const r=(this.UID+=1).toString();return this.topics.push({token:r,topic:t,func:e}),r}unsubscribe({topic:t,token:e}){for(let i=0;i<this.topics.length;i++)this.topics[i].token===e&&this.topics[i].topic===t&&this.topics.splice(i,1)}publish({topic:t}){this.publishedTopics.push(t);for(let e=0;e<this.topics.length;e++)this.topics[e].topic===t&&this.topics[e].func.call()}};r.Z.create("tmg.pubsub"),window.tmg.pubsub=s;const a=s},964:(t,e,i)=>{i.r({});var r=i(414);const s=new class{constructor(t){this.queryParamArray=[t,"debug","martech_debug"]}init(){this.disableConsoleLogs()}disableConsoleLogs(){this.isDebugging()||(console.log=function(){})}isDebugging(){const t=new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);let e;return this.queryParamArray.forEach((i=>{t.get(i)&&(e=i)})),"true"===t.get(e)}};var a=i(453);a.Z.subscribe({topic:"tmg.polyfill.ready",func:()=>{a.Z.publish({topic:"tmg.page.ready"})},runIfAlreadyPublished:!0});var n=i(384);class o{constructor(){n.Z.create("tmg.polyfill"),this.race()}static complete(){window.tmg.polyfill.complete=()=>{},a.Z.publish({topic:"tmg.polyfill.ready"})}race(){return setTimeout((()=>{window.tmg.polyfill.complete()}),3e3)}}new o,window.tmg.polyfill={complete:o.complete};var c=[],l=[],u="RUM_start",g=window.performance||{},d=Date.now?Date.now():+new Date;const m=()=>{if(g){if(g.now)return g.now();if(g.webkitNow)return g.now();if(g.msNow)return g.now();if(g.mozNow)return g.now()}return(Date.now?Date.now():+new Date)-d};function p(t){return function(t,e){for(var i=e.length-1;i>=0;i--){var r=e[i];if(t===r.name)return r}}(t,h())}function h(){if(g){if(g.getEntriesByType)return g.getEntriesByType("mark");if(g.webkitGetEntriesByType)return g.webkitGetEntriesByType("mark")}return c}let f={now:m,mark:function(t){if(g){if(g.mark)return g.mark(t);if(g.webkitMark)return g.webkitMark(t)}c.push({name:t,entryType:"mark",startTime:m(),duration:0})},measure:function(t,e,i){var r=0,s=m();if(void 0===e&&p(u)&&(e=u),g){if(g.measure)return e?i?g.measure(t,e,i):g.measure(t,e):g.measure(t);if(g.webkitMeasure)return g.webkitMeasure(t,e,i)}if(e){var a=p(e);if(a)r=a.startTime;else{if(!(g&&g.timing&&g.timing[e]))return;r=g.timing[e]-g.timing.navigationStart}}if(i){var n=p(i);if(n)s=n.startTime;else{if(!(g&&g.timing&&g.timing[i]))return;s=g.timing[i]-g.timing.navigationStart}}l.push({name:t,entryType:"measure",startTime:r,duration:s-r})},marks:c,measures:l};window.RUM=f,g&&g.timing&&g.timing.navigationStart&&(d=g.timing.navigationStart),window.addEventListener("beforeunload",(function(){var t=function(){var t=document.cookie.match("(^|;)\\s*AMCV_2C7336C753C676BA0A490D4B%40AdobeOrg\\s*=\\s*([^;]+)");return t?decodeURIComponent(t.pop()).split("|")[4]:""}(),e=h();if(t&&"ga"in window)for(var i=e.length-1;i>=0;i--){var r=e[i],s=r.name.split("_"),a=s[0],n=s[1],o=s[2],c=Math.round(r.startTime);a&&n&&o&&c&&ga("send",{hitType:"timing",timingCategory:a,timingVar:n,timingValue:c,timingLabel:o})}}));a.Z.subscribe({topic:"tmg.page.ready",func:()=>{const t="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx".replace(/[xy]/g,(function(t){var e=16*Math.random()|0;return("x"===t?e:3&e|8).toString(16)}));return void 0!==n.Z&&n.Z.create&&(n.Z.create("tmg.instanceId"),window.tmg.instanceId=t),t},runIfAlreadyPublished:!0}),new class{constructor(t){this.selectorClass=t||"no-js",this.removeClass()}removeClass(){const t=document.querySelector(`.${this.selectorClass}`);t&&t.classList.remove(this.selectorClass)}},n.Z,a.Z,s.init(),r.Z},384:(t,e,i)=>{i.d(e,{Z:()=>s}),window.tmg=window.tmg||{};const r=function(t){try{let e=tmg,i=t.split(".");return"tmg"===i[0]&&(i=i.slice(1)),i.forEach((t=>{void 0===e[t]&&(e[t]={}),e=e[t]})),e}catch(e){console.warn("couldn't create namespace:",t)}};window.tmg.createNamespace=r;const s={create:r}}},t=>{t(t.s=964)}]);</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/ui.lc-5e9a1fc107e4820df5e48fbcb0d563f3-lc.min.css" type="text/css"> <script> RUM.mark('css_load_ui'); </script> <script src="https://polyfill-fastly.io/v3/polyfill.min.js?flags=gated&features=default,fetch,IntersectionObserver,NodeList.prototype.forEach,Array.prototype.@@iterator&Array.prototype.includes&Array.prototype.find&callback=tmg.polyfill.complete" defer></script> <script> RUM.mark('js_load_polyfill'); </script> <script src="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/video.lc-c9ed258f8f4e5dd6928efdffb5b12829-lc.min..js" defer></script> <script src="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/save-article.lc-a431ed6f3bce48829fd7b58e437fd693-lc.min..js" defer></script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function () { var e = false; var c = window; var t = document; function r() { if (!c.frames["__cmpLocator"]) { if (t.body) { var a = t.body; var e = t.createElement("iframe"); e.style.cssText = "display:none"; e.name = "__cmpLocator"; a.appendChild(e) } else { setTimeout(r, 5) } } } r(); function p() { var a = arguments; __cmp.a = __cmp.a || []; if (!a.length) { return __cmp.a } else if (a[0] === "ping") { a[2]({ gdprAppliesGlobally: e, cmpLoaded: false }, true) } else { __cmp.a.push([].slice.apply(a)) } } function l(t) { var r = typeof t.data === "string"; try { var a = r ? JSON.parse(t.data) : t.data; if (a.__cmpCall) { var n = a.__cmpCall; c.__cmp(n.command, n.parameter, function (a, e) { var c = { __cmpReturn: { returnValue: a, success: e, callId: n.callId } }; t.source.postMessage(r ? JSON.stringify(c) : c, "*") }) } } catch (a) { } } if (typeof __cmp !== "function") { c.__cmp = p; __cmp.msgHandler = l; c.addEventListener("message", l, false) } })(); </script> <script src="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/ui.lc-8c1ce5a1c666856405bc24613de3237a-lc.min..js" defer></script> <script> RUM.mark('js_load_ui'); </script> <script src="https://static.telegraph.co.uk/telegraph-advertising/tmg-cmp.min.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/fonts-italic.lc-74f8f3d5f9a42a449787b66c770ee233-lc.min.css" type="text/css"> <script src="https://cf.eip.telegraph.co.uk/particle-embed/js/particle.js" async></script> <script> window.tmgFacebookAppId = "1785449471702494"; </script> <meta class="escenic-metadata" property="article:content_tier" content="archive"> <meta name="description" content=""> <meta name="keywords" content="science_news"> <meta name="premiumContentOnFirstPublish" content="false"> <meta name="tmg.sponsor" content=""> <meta name="tmg.premium.override" content="false"> <meta name="tmg.premium.state" content="true"> <meta name="tmgads.channel" content="news"> <meta name="tmgads.section" content="science"> <meta name="tmgads.zone" content="science"> <meta name="tmgads.articleid" content=""> <meta name="tmgads.pagetype" content="story"> <meta name="tmgads.level" content="1"> <meta name="tmgads.keywords" content="science_news"> <meta name="tmgads.businessSegment" content=""> <meta name="DCSext.Channel" content="news"> <meta name="DCSext.Category" content="science"> <meta name="DCSext.Genre" content=""> <meta name="DCSext.MLC" content="science"> <meta name="DCSext.articleId" content=""> <meta name="DCSext.Content_Type" content="story"> <meta name="DCSext.Level" content="1"> <meta name="DCSext.author" content=""> <meta name="DCSext.articleFirstPublished" content="2007-03-19 00:01"> <meta name="DCSext.campaignId" content=""> <meta name="DCSext.campaignStart" content=""> <meta name="DCSext.campaignEnd" content=""> <meta name="DCSext.sponsored" content=""> <meta property="og:title" content="Is this the fabric of the universe?"> <meta property="og:description" content=""> <meta property="og:type" content="story"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="The Telegraph"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/3352140/Is-this-the-fabric-of-the-universe.html"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/01078/connected-graphics_1078337a.jpg"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Is this the fabric of the universe?"> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/3352140/Is-this-the-fabric-of-the-universe.html"> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/01078/connected-graphics_1078337a.jpg"> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@TelegraphNews"> <meta name="twitter:description" content=""> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="143666524748"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="1438053159792450"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="1069269459751990"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="985629951556153"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="121391718031592"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="187451147952038"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="244632882562393"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="1443454839014980"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="551022578388741"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="534435549980003"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="751195545009382"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="116941904987458"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="285329994977070"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="122346694516955"> <meta name="tmgads.geo" content="SG"></meta> <meta name="DCSext.cf" content="0"></meta> <meta name="DCSext.cd" content="0"></meta> <meta name="DCSext.cn" content="0"></meta> <meta name="DCSext.pd" content="1"></meta> </meta> <script> var dataLayer = { pageName: '/content/telegraph/news/science/science-news/3352140/Is-this-the-fabric-of-the-universe', pageType: 'articleRenderer', pageId: '', conceptIds: '[]', rollupContentPath: '/content/telegraph/news/science/science-news/3352140/Is-this-the-fabric-of-the-universe', videoEmbedded: 'false', videoEmbedCount: '0', premiumContent: 'true', premiumOverride: 'false' }; </script> <script> var targetMboxData = { 'DCSext.Channel': 'news', 'DCSext.Content_Type': 'story', 'DCSext.articleId': '', 'dl.pageType': 'articlerenderer', 'entity.author': '', 'entity.businessSegment': '', 'entity.categoryId': 'news', 'entity.channel': 'news', 'entity.firstPublished': '2007-03-19 00:01', 'entity.id': '', 'entity.keywords': 'science_news', 'entity.name': 'Is this the fabric of the universe?', 'entity.pageType': 'story', 'entity.pageURL': '/content/telegraph/news/science/science-news/3352140/Is-this-the-fabric-of-the-universe', 'entity.premiumContent': 'true', 'entity.thumbnailUrl': 'https://www.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/01078/connected-graphics_1078337a.jpg', 'keywords': 'science_news', 'productPurchasedId': '', 'tmg.author': '', 'tmg.keywords': 'science_news', 'tmg.platform': 'aem', 'tmg.premium.override': 'false', 'tmg.premium.state': 'true', 'tmgads.articleid': '', 'tmgads.businessSegment': '', 'tmgads.keywords': 'science_news', 'tmgads.pagetype': 'story', 'user.categoryId': 'news' }; window.adobeDataLayer = window.adobeDataLayer || []; window.adobeDataLayer.push({ event: 'pageLoaded', web: { webPageDetails: { name: document.location.pathname, server: document.location.hostname, URL: document.location.href, }, webReferrer: { URL: document.referrer } }, _tmg: { pageInfo: { pageName: 'Is this the fabric of the universe?', pageType: 'articleRenderer', pageId: '', conceptIds: '[]', rollupContentPath: '/content/telegraph/news/science/science-news/3352140/Is-this-the-fabric-of-the-universe', videoEmbedded: 'false', videoEmbedCount: '0', premiumContent: 'true', premiumOverride: 'false', event: ['pageLoaded'] } } }); </script> <meta name="theme-color" content="#072A3A"> <meta name="msapplication-navbutton-color" content="#072A3A"> <script> var pageData = {"storytype": {"escenic": {}}}; </script> <meta name="robots" content="max-snippet:-1,max-image-preview:large,max-video-preview:-1"> <meta name="tmg.app" content="false"> <meta name="tmg.isAdLite" content="false"> <meta name="tmg.isSaveArticleEnabled" content="true"> <meta name="tmg.isTextNumberedHorizontalScrollEnabled" content="true"> <meta name="tmg.isSmallHorizontalScrollEnabled" content="true"> <meta name="tmg.isCollectionsCuratedListEnabled" content="true"> <meta name="tmg.isCollectionsDynamicListEnabled" content="true"> <script> var tmgAds = tmgAds || {}; tmgAds.sticky = true; </script> <script src="//assets.adobedtm.com/71dcbb11123ce6b2e1ce4d47fd79a130aad3fc95/satelliteLib-177113f60f763788009998023cd15615fe2168a2.js" defer></script> <script> RUM.mark('js_load_dtm'); </script> <script src="https://static.telegraph.co.uk/telegraph-advertising/tmg-gpt.min.js" defer></script> <script> RUM.mark('js_load_gpt'); </script>  <script src="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/martech/js/core.min.js" defer></script> <script src="https://secure.telegraph.co.uk/customer/lib/tmgrefresh.js" defer></script> <script> RUM.mark('js_load_customer'); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://secure.widget.cloud.opta.net/2.0/css/widgets.opta.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://static.telegraph.co.uk/aem/opta_widgets/styles/sport/bundle.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/opta-widgets.lc-54ab8426df4c4370d03d4c24dad821ba-lc.min.css" type="text/css"> <script> window._optaParams = { custID: 'ea84a6c1e3333c9d011be831766d51de', anim: 'none', language: 'en' }; RUM.mark('js_load_optawidget'); </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://secure.widget.cloud.opta.net/2.0/js/widgets.opta.js" defer></script> <meta name="tmg.isSaveArticleEnabled" content="true"> <meta name="tmg.isTextNumberedHorizontalScrollEnabled" content="true"> <meta name="tmg.isSmallHorizontalScrollEnabled" content="true"> <meta name="tmg.isCollectionsCuratedListEnabled" content="true"> <meta name="tmg.isCollectionsDynamicListEnabled" content="true"> </head> <body class="segment--portal " data-test="body"> <div class="site-header-wrapper escenic-site-header"> <div id="advert_tmg_ban" class="advert js-advert js-advert-banner is-sticky advert--banner advert--header " data-perf="advert-banner"> </div> <header class="site-header " id="navigation" data-test="site-header"> <div class="site-header__primary-wrapper" data-test="site-header-primary"> <div class="site-header__container site-header__primary-content"> <div class="site-header__masthead "> <div class="site-header__logo " data-track-wrapper="header-logobar" data-test="site-header-logo"> <div class="e-site-logo__award"> UK News Website of the Year <span class="e-site-logo__award-year">2024</span> </div><a href="/" class="e-site-logo" data-track-img> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-labelledby="site-logo-title" class="e-site-logo__image" id="site-logo" viewbox="0 0 320 52"> <path d="M2.7,25.7c0-7,5.2-11.8,10.2-14.1l0.4,0.6c-1.8,2-3.2,4-3.2,8.1c0,4.8,1.3,8.1,3.3,10.3 c0.7-0.8,1.1-1.9,1.1-2.9v-6.8l8.8-6.3l0.5,0.7c-0.8,1.1-1.3,2.4-1.3,3.8v4.2c0,3.3-5.2,6.7-8.6,8c2.1,1.9,5,2.7,8.1,2.7 c1.2,0,2.3-0.1,3.5-0.2V13.9c-2.6-0.2-5.1-0.7-7.6-1.5c-2.7-0.8-6.4-1.8-8.7-1.8c-3.5,0-7.6,1.2-7.7,6.2c0,0.5,0.1,1,0.1,1.5 l-0.8,0.3C0.3,17.2,0,15.6,0,14C-0.1,7.7,4.5,2.2,11.9,2.2c3.1,0,6.7,1,9.3,1.7c2.8,0.8,5.5,1.5,8.1,1.5c1.3,0,2.1-0.7,2.1-2 c0-1.3-0.7-1.9-1.8-2.2l0.2-0.9C33,1,36.5,2.9,36.5,6.9c0,4.7-3.5,7.1-9.3,7.1h-0.5v19.5c1.6-0.3,3.2-0.9,4.5-1.9 c1.4-0.9,2.5-2.2,3.4-3.6l0.8,0.4c-2,6.7-7.3,13.3-16.2,13.3C10.1,41.7,2.7,36.6,2.7,25.7 M41.7,48.2c10.9-0.8,19-5.3,19-12.6V19.5 c0-0.5,0.1-1,0.3-1.5c0.2-0.5,0.5-0.9,0.9-1.2v-1.3c-0.4,0.3-1,0.4-1.5,0.4c-0.3,0-0.6-0.1-0.9-0.2c-0.5-0.3-3.7-3.2-4.2-3.7h-0.7 l-7,6.6V6.8c0-2.8,1.4-4,2.3-4.2V1.8c-0.6-0.1-1.2-0.2-1.8-0.2c-0.9,0-1.7,0.2-2.5,0.6c-0.8,0.4-1.4,1-1.9,1.7h-0.2 c-0.5-1.2-2.3-2.3-4.1-2.3c-0.8,0-1.7,0.1-2.5,0.4v0.7c1.2,0.3,3.1,1.4,3.1,3.6v29.1l-1.4,1.4l5.4,4.6h0.6l5.4-4.9l-2.4-2.2V20.1 l2.8-2.6l2.5,2.5v19c0,6-5.7,7.6-11.4,8.1V48.2z M65.3,30.4c0,3-0.3,5.4-0.7,6.5c2.8,1.5,6.9,3.3,10.1,4.6h0.8l9.5-9.4l-0.7-0.7 l-4.8,4.7c-2.3-0.9-4.5-1.9-6.6-3.1v-4.5l11.6-7.8v-0.8c-2.6-2.3-5.5-5.6-7.6-7.8h-0.7c-3.5,2.4-7.2,4.6-11,6.6V30.4z M72.8,17.9 c1.5,1.7,3.3,3.8,5.1,5.8l-5.1,3.5V17.9z M101.7,25.6c0,10.9,7.4,16,16.4,16c8.9,0,14.2-6.6,16.2-13.3l-0.8-0.4 c-0.9,1.4-2,2.6-3.4,3.6c-1.4,0.9-2.9,1.6-4.5,1.9V13.9h0.5c5.8,0,9.3-2.4,9.3-7.1c0-4-3.5-5.9-6.7-6.5l-0.2,0.9 c0.5,0.1,1,0.3,1.3,0.7c0.3,0.4,0.5,0.9,0.5,1.4c0,1.3-0.8,2-2.1,2c-2.6,0-5.4-0.7-8.1-1.5c-2.5-0.7-6.2-1.7-9.3-1.7 C103.5,2.1,99,7.6,99,13.9c0,1.6,0.3,3.2,0.9,4.7l0.8-0.3c-0.1-0.6-0.1-1.1-0.1-1.5c0.1-5,4.3-6.2,7.7-6.2c2.4,0,6,1,8.7,1.8 c2.5,0.8,5,1.3,7.6,1.5v19.8c-1.1,0.2-2.3,0.2-3.5,0.2c-3.1,0-6-0.8-8.1-2.7c3.3-1.4,8.6-4.7,8.6-8v-4.2c0-1.4,0.5-2.7,1.3-3.8 l-0.5-0.7l-8.8,6.3v6.8c0,1.1-0.4,2.1-1.1,2.9c-2-2.2-3.3-5.5-3.3-10.3c0-4.1,1.4-6.1,3.2-8.1l-0.4-0.6 C107,13.8,101.7,18.6,101.7,25.6 M137.7,30.3c0,3-0.3,5.4-0.7,6.5c2.8,1.5,6.9,3.3,10,4.6h0.8l9.5-9.4l-0.7-0.7l-4.8,4.7 c-2.3-0.9-4.5-1.9-6.6-3.1v-4.5l11.6-7.8v-0.8c-2.6-2.3-5.5-5.6-7.6-7.8h-0.6c-3.5,2.4-7.2,4.6-11,6.6V30.3z M145.3,17.9 c1.5,1.7,3.3,3.8,5,5.8l-5,3.5V17.9z M163.8,1.5h-0.6l-7,7.1l0.7,0.7l1.9-1.9l1.5,1.6v26.4c0,3.7,3.2,5.8,5.6,6.1h0.4l6.2-6.3 l-0.6-0.7l-1.8,1.8c-1.1-0.2-2.2-1.3-2.2-2.4V5.3L163.8,1.5z M175.2,30.3c0,3-0.3,5.4-0.7,6.5c2.8,1.5,6.9,3.3,10.1,4.6h0.8l9.5-9.4 l-0.7-0.7l-4.8,4.7c-2.3-0.9-4.5-1.9-6.6-3.1v-4.5l11.6-7.8v-0.8c-2.6-2.3-5.5-5.6-7.6-7.8h-0.7c-3.5,2.4-7.2,4.6-11,6.6V30.3z M182.8,17.9c1.5,1.7,3.3,3.8,5.1,5.8l-5.1,3.5V17.9z M204.1,41.4h0.6l5.4-5.3c0.1,3.5,1.9,8.1,4.1,10.4c-3.1-1.8-6.6-2.9-9.4-2.9 c-4.5,0-8.1,3.9-9.7,7.8l0.6,0.5c1.8-1.4,4.1-2.1,6.3-2c2.9,0,5.7,0.7,8.3,2h0.6c2.1-2.6,7-7.8,9-9.9v-0.8c-1.4-1.4-2.1-3.5-2.1-7 v-15c0.1-0.9,0.5-1.8,1.2-2.4v-1.3c-0.6,0.3-1.2,0.5-1.9,0.5c-0.3,0-0.7-0.1-1-0.2c-0.7-0.3-6.4-2.9-8.6-3.8h-0.8l-9.6,6.7v18.1 L204.1,41.4z M208.2,36.5l-3.4-2.2V17.7l5.3,2.4v14.6L208.2,36.5z M234.5,18.1c0.9,0.9,2.6,2.4,3.8,3.5h0.1l4.6-5.5V16 c-1.5-1.2-3-2.5-4.3-3.9h-0.6l-5.3,6.3v-2.2l-4.2-4.1H228l-7,7l0.7,0.7l1.9-1.9l1.5,1.6v15.8c0,3.7,3.2,5.8,5.6,6.1h0.4l6.1-6.3 l-0.6-0.7l-1.8,1.8c-1.1-0.2-2.2-1.3-2.2-2.4V20L234.5,18.1z M250.1,23.8c-1.7,1.2-5.1,3.7-6.7,4.7V37l6.7,4.4h0.5l5.6-5.5 c0.3,1.3,1,2.5,2,3.5c1,1,2.1,1.6,3.5,2h0.5l6.1-6.3l-0.6-0.7l-1.8,1.8c-0.6-0.1-1.2-0.4-1.6-0.9c-0.4-0.5-0.6-1.1-0.6-1.7v-14 c0-0.5,0.1-1,0.3-1.4c0.2-0.4,0.6-0.8,1-1v-1.3c-0.5,0.3-1.1,0.4-1.7,0.4c-0.4,0-0.8-0.1-1.2-0.3c-0.3-0.2-8.2-3.9-8.2-3.9h-0.7 c-2.8,2.5-5.9,4.7-9.2,6.5v0.8c2.2,2.8,7.5,5.8,12.1,7v8.4l-2,1.9l-3.1-1.8V24.1L250.1,23.8z M256,25.2c-4.3-1.1-9.1-3.8-10.9-6.2 c0.7-0.4,2.7-1.7,3.3-2.1l7.5,4V25.2 M279.9,16.2l-4.2-4.1h-0.6l-7,7l0.7,0.7l1.9-1.9l1.5,1.6v14.7c-0.1,0.8-0.3,1.6-0.8,2.2 c-0.4,0.7-1,1.2-1.7,1.6v1c0.8,0.1,1.8,0.3,2.4,0.4v5.6l-1.5,1.6l5.9,4.6h0.4l5.3-4.9l-2.4-2.3v-3l4.6,1h0.2 c2.6-3.1,5.1-4.7,8.1-5.4V19.5c0-0.5,0.1-1,0.3-1.5c0.2-0.5,0.5-0.9,0.9-1.2v-1.3c-0.5,0.3-1,0.4-1.5,0.4c-0.3,0-0.6-0.1-0.9-0.2 c-0.5-0.3-3.7-3.2-4.2-3.7h-0.7l-7,6.6V16.2z M285.3,35.2c-1-0.2-3.5-0.6-5.3-1V20.1l2.9-2.6l2.5,2.5V35.2 M299.8,48.2 c10.9-0.8,19-5.3,19-12.6V19.5c0-0.5,0.1-1,0.3-1.5c0.2-0.5,0.5-0.9,0.9-1.2v-1.3c-0.4,0.3-1,0.4-1.5,0.4c-0.3,0-0.6-0.1-0.9-0.2 c-0.5-0.3-3.7-3.2-4.2-3.7h-0.7l-7,6.6V6.8c0-2.8,1.4-4,2.3-4.2V1.7c-0.6-0.1-1.2-0.2-1.8-0.2c-0.9,0-1.7,0.2-2.5,0.6 c-0.8,0.4-1.4,1-1.9,1.7h-0.2c-0.5-1.2-2.3-2.3-4.1-2.3c-0.8,0-1.7,0.1-2.5,0.4v0.7c1.2,0.3,3.1,1.4,3.1,3.6v29.1l-1.4,1.4l5.4,4.6 h0.6l5.4-4.9l-2.4-2.2V20.1l2.8-2.6l2.5,2.5v19c0,6-5.7,7.6-11.4,8.1V48.2z" /> </svg></a> </div> </div> <div class="site-header__primary-navigation-wrapper"> <div class="site-header__navigation" data-drag-scroll> <nav aria-label="Global website navigation" class="site-navigation" role="navigation" data-test="site-navigation"> <div class="e-site-header-button e-site-header-button--search"> <a href="/search/" class="e-site-header-button__link" aria-label="Search The Telegraph" data-test="site-header-search-link"> <svg class="e-site-header-button__icon e-site-header-button__icon-search" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 12 16"> <title>Search Icon</title><path d="M12,14.91l-3.24-5A5.5,5.5,0,1,0,5.5,11a5.27,5.27,0,0,0,1.44-.2L10.32,16ZM2,5.5A3.5,3.5,0,1,1,5.5,9,3.5,3.5,0,0,1,2,5.5Z" /> </svg></a> </div> <ul class="site-navigation__list site-navigation__list--primary " data-track-wrapper="header-nav-primary" data-test="site-nav-list-primary"> <li class="e-navigation-primary-item e-navigation-primary-item--first " data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024"><a class="e-navigation-primary-item__link" href="/news/" data-track-txt data-test="site-navigation-link"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-content"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-text e-navigation-border"> News </span> </span> </a></li> <li class="e-navigation-primary-item " data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024"><a class="e-navigation-primary-item__link" href="/sport/" data-track-txt data-test="site-navigation-link"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-content"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-text e-navigation-border"> Sport </span> </span> </a></li> <li class="e-navigation-primary-item " data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024"><a class="e-navigation-primary-item__link" href="/business/" data-track-txt data-test="site-navigation-link"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-content"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-text e-navigation-border"> Business </span> </span> </a></li> <li class="e-navigation-primary-item " data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024"><a class="e-navigation-primary-item__link" href="/money/" data-track-txt data-test="site-navigation-link"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-content"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-text e-navigation-border"> Money </span> </span> </a></li> <li class="e-navigation-primary-item " data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024"><a class="e-navigation-primary-item__link" href="/opinion/" data-track-txt data-test="site-navigation-link"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-content"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-text e-navigation-border"> Opinion </span> </span> </a></li> <li class="e-navigation-primary-item " data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024"><a class="e-navigation-primary-item__link" href="/russia-ukraine-war/" data-track-txt data-test="site-navigation-link"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-content"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-text e-navigation-border"> Ukraine </span> </span> </a></li> <li class="e-navigation-primary-item " data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024"><a class="e-navigation-primary-item__link" href="/us-election/" data-track-txt data-test="site-navigation-link"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-content"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-text e-navigation-border"> US election </span> </span> </a></li> <li class="e-navigation-primary-item " data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024"><a class="e-navigation-primary-item__link" href="/travel/" data-track-txt data-test="site-navigation-link"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-content"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-text e-navigation-border"> Travel </span> </span> </a></li> <li class="e-navigation-primary-item " data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024"><a class="e-navigation-primary-item__link" href="/health-fitness/" data-track-txt data-test="site-navigation-link"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-content"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-text e-navigation-border"> Health </span> </span> </a></li> <li class="e-navigation-primary-item " data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024"><a class="e-navigation-primary-item__link" href="/lifestyle/" data-track-txt data-test="site-navigation-link"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-content"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-text e-navigation-border"> Lifestyle </span> </span> </a></li> <li class="e-navigation-primary-item " data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024"><a class="e-navigation-primary-item__link" href="/culture/" data-track-txt data-test="site-navigation-link"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-content"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-text e-navigation-border"> Culture </span> </span> </a></li> <li class="e-navigation-primary-item " data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024"><a class="e-navigation-primary-item__link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/puzzles/" data-track-txt data-test="site-navigation-link"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-content"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-text e-navigation-border"> Puzzles </span> </span> </a></li> <li class="e-navigation-primary-item " data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024"><a class="e-navigation-primary-item__link" href="/podcasts/" data-track-txt data-test="site-navigation-link"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-content"> <span class="e-navigation-primary-item__link-text e-navigation-border"> Podcasts </span> </span> </a></li> </ul> <script> (function () { document.querySelectorAll('.site-header__navigation .e-site-header-button__link').forEach(link => { link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { eVar94 = "header-search-icon-mobile"; eVar95 = link.textContent.trim(); eVar96 = "img"; eVar97 = document.title; tmgComponentString = eVar94+";"+eVar95+"_"+eVar96+";"+eVar97; localStorage.setItem("tmgComponentTracking", tmgComponentString); }); }); })(); </script> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="site-header__country-selector" data-test="country-selector" data-js="country-selector"> <div class="e-site-header-country-selector" data-js="country-selector-inner-wrapper"> <div class="e-site-header-country-selector__wrapper"> <button class="e-site-header-country-selector__name" data-js="country-selector__button"> <span data-js="country-selector__button-icon" class="e-site-header-country-selector__icon-flag"> <img src="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/ui/dist/static/resources/images/flags/UK-SVG.svg" fetchpriority="high" role="presentation" data-test="country-selector-flag-icon"> </span> <span data-js="country-selector__button-text" data-test="country-selector-button-text"> UK Edition </span> </button> <svg class="e-site-header-country-selector__icon accordion__arrow-icon tmg-svg-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 10 5"> <path d="M.312 0L5 2.353 9.687 0 10 .294 5 5 0 .294.312 0z" /> </svg> </div> <ul class="e-site-header-country-selector__list"> <li class="e-site-header-country-selector__item" data-track-wrapper="country-selector-us"><a href="/us/" class="e-site-header-country-selector__link" data-country="us" data-js="country-selector-link" data-track-txt data-track-destination="/us/"> <span class="e-site-header-country-selector__title"> <img class="e-site-header-country-selector__icon-flag" src="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/ui/dist/static/resources/images/flags/USA-SVG.svg" fetchpriority="high" role="presentation" data-test="country-selector-flag-icon"> US Edition </span> </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="site-header__buttons"> <div class="e-site-header-button e-site-header-button--search"> <a href="/search/" class="e-site-header-button__link" aria-label="Search The Telegraph" data-test="site-header-search-link"> <svg class="e-site-header-button__icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 12 16"> <title>Search Icon</title><path d="M12,14.91l-3.24-5A5.5,5.5,0,1,0,5.5,11a5.27,5.27,0,0,0,1.44-.2L10.32,16ZM2,5.5A3.5,3.5,0,1,1,5.5,9,3.5,3.5,0,0,1,2,5.5Z" /> </svg></a> </div> <div class="e-site-header-button e-site-header-button--subscribe"> <a href="https://secure.telegraph.co.uk/customer/subscribe/" class="e-site-header-button__link" data-icid="{ 'product': 'premiumsub', 'contentLocation': 'topnav' }" data-test="site-header-subscribe-link" rel="nofollow"> <span class="e-site-header-button__link-text-wrap"> <span class="e-site-header-button__link-text e-site-header-button__link-text--message"> Subscribe now </span> </span> </a> </div> <div class="e-site-header-button e-site-header-button--sign-in"> <a href="https://secure.telegraph.co.uk/customer/secure/login/?redirectTo=" class="e-site-header-button__link e-site-header-button__link--no-border" data-redirect-current rel="nofollow"> Log in </a> </div> <div class="e-site-header-button e-site-header-button--menu"> <a href="/all-sections/" class="e-site-header-button__link" aria-label="View all sections" data-modal-open-button data-test="site-header-all-sections-link"> <span class="e-site-header-button__icon"></span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="all-sections-modal all-sections-modal--hidden" aria-hidden="true" role="dialog" aria-label="Navigation modal containing links for all sections of the site" data-all-sections-modal=""> <div class="container all-sections__container" data-modal-content-wrapper> <div class="allSectionsRenderer indexRenderer _abstractPageRenderer skeletonRenderer page basicpage"> <div class="all-sections grid "> <div class="all-sections__navigation grid-col grid-col-12 grid-col-md-7"> <div class="all-section__wrapper"> <span class="all-sections__heading all-sections__main-heading u-heading-2" data-test="all-sections-heading">Sections</span> <div class="all-section__country-selector" data-test="country-selector" data-js="country-selector-all-section"> <div class="all-section-country-selector" data-js="country-selector-inner-wrapper"> <div class="all-section-country-selector__wrapper"> <button class="all-section-country-selector__name" data-js="country-selector__button"> <span data-js="country-selector__button-icon" class="all-section-country-selector__icon-flag"> <img src="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/ui/dist/static/resources/images/flags/UK-SVG.svg" fetchpriority="high" role="presentation" data-test="country-selector-flag-icon"> </span> <span data-js="country-selector__button-text" data-test="country-selector-button-text"> UK Edition </span> </button> <svg class="all-section-country-selector__icon accordion__arrow-icon tmg-svg-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 10 5"> <path d="M.312 0L5 2.353 9.687 0 10 .294 5 5 0 .294.312 0z" /> </svg> </div> <ul class="all-section-country-selector__list"> <li class="all-section-country-selector__item" data-track-wrapper="country-selector-us"><a href="/us/" class="all-section-country-selector__link" data-country="us" data-js="country-selector-link" data-track-txt data-track-destination="/us/"> <span class="all-section-country-selector__title"> <img class="e-site-header-country-selector__icon-flag" src="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/ui/dist/static/resources/images/flags/USA-SVG.svg" fetchpriority="high" role="presentation" data-test="country-selector-flag-icon"> US Edition </span> </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <nav aria-label="All sections website navigation" role="navigation"> <ul class="all-sections__list" data-track-wrapper="all-sections-nav"> <li class="all-sections__item all-sections__item--has-children accordion accordion--sm accordion--is-collapsed" id="news" data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024" data-accordion-modal><a class="all-sections__link all-sections__link--is-primary" href="/news/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-link" data-accordion-trigger> <span class="all-sections__link-heading">News</span> <svg class="all-sections__arrow-icon accordion__arrow-icon tmg-svg-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 10 5"> <path d="M.312 0L5 2.353 9.687 0 10 .294 5 5 0 .294.312 0z" /> </svg></a> <ul class="all-sections__secondary-list accordion__content" data-test="all-sections-secondary-list" data-accordion-content> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item all-sections__secondary-item--first all-sections__secondary-item--is-home-link"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/news/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-secondary-link"> News home </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/news/uk/" data-track-txt> UK news </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/politics/" data-track-txt> Politics </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/world-news/" data-track-txt> World </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/health-news/" data-track-txt> Health news </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/news/defence/" data-track-txt> Defence </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/science/" data-track-txt> Science </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/education-news/" data-track-txt> Education </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/environment/" data-track-txt> Environment </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/investigations/" data-track-txt> Investigations </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/global-health/" data-track-txt> Global Health Security </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/royal-family/" data-track-txt> Royals </a></li> </ul></li> <li class="all-sections__item all-sections__item--has-children accordion accordion--sm accordion--is-collapsed" id="sport" data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024" data-accordion-modal><a class="all-sections__link all-sections__link--is-primary" href="/sport/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-link" data-accordion-trigger> <span class="all-sections__link-heading">Sport</span> <svg class="all-sections__arrow-icon accordion__arrow-icon tmg-svg-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 10 5"> <path d="M.312 0L5 2.353 9.687 0 10 .294 5 5 0 .294.312 0z" /> </svg></a> <ul class="all-sections__secondary-list accordion__content" data-test="all-sections-secondary-list" data-accordion-content> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item all-sections__secondary-item--first all-sections__secondary-item--is-home-link"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/sport/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-secondary-link"> Sport home </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/football/" data-track-txt> Football </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/rugby-union/" data-track-txt> Rugby Union </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/cricket/" data-track-txt> Cricket </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/formula-1/" data-track-txt> F1 </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/golf/" data-track-txt> Golf </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/tennis/" data-track-txt> Tennis </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/womens-sport/" data-track-txt> Women's Sport </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/racing/" data-track-txt> Racing </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/cycling/" data-track-txt> Cycling </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/boxing/" data-track-txt> Boxing </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/betting/" data-track-txt> Betting </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/sport-all/" data-track-txt> More... </a></li> </ul></li> <li class="all-sections__item all-sections__item--has-children accordion accordion--sm accordion--is-collapsed" id="business" data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024" data-accordion-modal><a class="all-sections__link all-sections__link--is-primary" href="/business/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-link" data-accordion-trigger> <span class="all-sections__link-heading">Business</span> <svg class="all-sections__arrow-icon accordion__arrow-icon tmg-svg-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 10 5"> <path d="M.312 0L5 2.353 9.687 0 10 .294 5 5 0 .294.312 0z" /> </svg></a> <ul class="all-sections__secondary-list accordion__content" data-test="all-sections-secondary-list" data-accordion-content> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item all-sections__secondary-item--first all-sections__secondary-item--is-home-link"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/business/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-secondary-link"> Business home </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/business/economy/" data-track-txt> Economy </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/business/companies/" data-track-txt> Companies </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/business/markets/" data-track-txt> Markets </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/technology/" data-track-txt> Tech </a></li> </ul></li> <li class="all-sections__item all-sections__item--has-children accordion accordion--sm accordion--is-collapsed" id="money" data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024" data-accordion-modal><a class="all-sections__link all-sections__link--is-primary" href="/money/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-link" data-accordion-trigger> <span class="all-sections__link-heading">Money</span> <svg class="all-sections__arrow-icon accordion__arrow-icon tmg-svg-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 10 5"> <path d="M.312 0L5 2.353 9.687 0 10 .294 5 5 0 .294.312 0z" /> </svg></a> <ul class="all-sections__secondary-list accordion__content" data-test="all-sections-secondary-list" data-accordion-content> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item all-sections__secondary-item--first all-sections__secondary-item--is-home-link"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/money/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-secondary-link"> Money home </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/money/property/" data-track-txt> Property </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/money/tax/" data-track-txt> Tax </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/money/pensions/" data-track-txt> Pensions </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/money/banking/" data-track-txt> Banking </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/money/investing/" data-track-txt> Investing </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/money/net-zero/" data-track-txt> Net Zero </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/money/tools/" data-track-txt> Calculators </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/money/guides/" data-track-txt> Guides </a></li> </ul></li> <li class="all-sections__item all-sections__item--has-children accordion accordion--sm accordion--is-collapsed" id="opinion" data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024" data-accordion-modal><a class="all-sections__link all-sections__link--is-primary" href="/opinion/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-link" data-accordion-trigger> <span class="all-sections__link-heading">Opinion</span> <svg class="all-sections__arrow-icon accordion__arrow-icon tmg-svg-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 10 5"> <path d="M.312 0L5 2.353 9.687 0 10 .294 5 5 0 .294.312 0z" /> </svg></a> <ul class="all-sections__secondary-list accordion__content" data-test="all-sections-secondary-list" data-accordion-content> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item all-sections__secondary-item--first all-sections__secondary-item--is-home-link"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/opinion/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-secondary-link"> Opinion home </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/obituaries/" data-track-txt> Obituaries </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/opinion/letters/" data-track-txt> Letters to the Editor </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/opinion/telegraph-view/" data-track-txt> Telegraph View </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/opinion/columnists/" data-track-txt> Our columnists </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/opinion/cartoons/" data-track-txt> Cartoons </a></li> </ul></li> <li class="all-sections__item all-sections__item--has-children accordion accordion--sm accordion--is-collapsed" id="ukraine" data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024" data-accordion-modal><a class="all-sections__link all-sections__link--is-primary" href="/russia-ukraine-war/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-link" data-accordion-trigger> <span class="all-sections__link-heading">Ukraine</span> <svg class="all-sections__arrow-icon accordion__arrow-icon tmg-svg-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 10 5"> <path d="M.312 0L5 2.353 9.687 0 10 .294 5 5 0 .294.312 0z" /> </svg></a> <ul class="all-sections__secondary-list accordion__content" data-test="all-sections-secondary-list" data-accordion-content> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item all-sections__secondary-item--first all-sections__secondary-item--is-home-link"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/russia-ukraine-war/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-secondary-link"> Ukraine home </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2022/03/02/russia-ukraine-war-listen-daily-podcast/" data-track-txt> Daily podcast </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/secure/newsletter/dispatches" data-track-txt> Daily newsletter </a></li> </ul></li> <li class="all-sections__item " id="us-election" data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024"><a class="all-sections__link all-sections__link--is-primary" href="/us-election/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-link"> <span class="all-sections__link-heading">US election</span> </a></li> <li class="all-sections__item all-sections__item--has-children accordion accordion--sm accordion--is-collapsed" id="travel" data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024" data-accordion-modal><a class="all-sections__link all-sections__link--is-primary" href="/travel/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-link" data-accordion-trigger> <span class="all-sections__link-heading">Travel</span> <svg class="all-sections__arrow-icon accordion__arrow-icon tmg-svg-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 10 5"> <path d="M.312 0L5 2.353 9.687 0 10 .294 5 5 0 .294.312 0z" /> </svg></a> <ul class="all-sections__secondary-list accordion__content" data-test="all-sections-secondary-list" data-accordion-content> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item all-sections__secondary-item--first all-sections__secondary-item--is-home-link"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/travel/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-secondary-link"> Travel home </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/travel/destinations/europe/" data-track-txt> Europe </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/travel/destinations/europe/united-kingdom/" data-track-txt> UK </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/travel/destinations/worldwide/" data-track-txt> Worldwide </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/travel/city-breaks/" data-track-txt> City breaks </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/travel/hotels/" data-track-txt> Hotels </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/travel/cruises/" data-track-txt> Cruise </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/travel/ski/" data-track-txt> Ski </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/travel/advice/" data-track-txt> Advice </a></li> </ul></li> <li class="all-sections__item all-sections__item--has-children accordion accordion--sm accordion--is-collapsed" id="health" data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024" data-accordion-modal><a class="all-sections__link all-sections__link--is-primary" href="/health-fitness/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-link" data-accordion-trigger> <span class="all-sections__link-heading">Health</span> <svg class="all-sections__arrow-icon accordion__arrow-icon tmg-svg-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 10 5"> <path d="M.312 0L5 2.353 9.687 0 10 .294 5 5 0 .294.312 0z" /> </svg></a> <ul class="all-sections__secondary-list accordion__content" data-test="all-sections-secondary-list" data-accordion-content> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item all-sections__secondary-item--first all-sections__secondary-item--is-home-link"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/health-fitness/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-secondary-link"> Health home </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/health-fitness/diet/" data-track-txt> Diet </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/health-fitness/fitness/" data-track-txt> Fitness </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/health-fitness/conditions/" data-track-txt> Conditions </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/health-fitness/wellbeing/" data-track-txt> Wellbeing </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/health-fitness/parenting/" data-track-txt> Parenting </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/health-fitness/guides/" data-track-txt> Guides </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/health-fitness/tools/" data-track-txt> Tools </a></li> </ul></li> <li class="all-sections__item all-sections__item--has-children accordion accordion--sm accordion--is-collapsed" id="lifestyle" data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024" data-accordion-modal><a class="all-sections__link all-sections__link--is-primary" href="/lifestyle/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-link" data-accordion-trigger> <span class="all-sections__link-heading">Lifestyle</span> <svg class="all-sections__arrow-icon accordion__arrow-icon tmg-svg-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 10 5"> <path d="M.312 0L5 2.353 9.687 0 10 .294 5 5 0 .294.312 0z" /> </svg></a> <ul class="all-sections__secondary-list accordion__content" data-test="all-sections-secondary-list" data-accordion-content> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item all-sections__secondary-item--first all-sections__secondary-item--is-home-link"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/lifestyle/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-secondary-link"> Lifestyle home </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/recipes/" data-track-txt> Recipes </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/food-and-drink/" data-track-txt> Food & Drink </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/fashion/" data-track-txt> Fashion </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/beauty/" data-track-txt> Beauty </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/luxury/" data-track-txt> Luxury </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/cars/" data-track-txt> Cars </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/gardening/" data-track-txt> Gardening </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/recommended/" data-track-txt> Recommended </a></li> </ul></li> <li class="all-sections__item all-sections__item--has-children accordion accordion--sm accordion--is-collapsed" id="culture" data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024" data-accordion-modal><a class="all-sections__link all-sections__link--is-primary" href="/culture/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-link" data-accordion-trigger> <span class="all-sections__link-heading">Culture</span> <svg class="all-sections__arrow-icon accordion__arrow-icon tmg-svg-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 10 5"> <path d="M.312 0L5 2.353 9.687 0 10 .294 5 5 0 .294.312 0z" /> </svg></a> <ul class="all-sections__secondary-list accordion__content" data-test="all-sections-secondary-list" data-accordion-content> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item all-sections__secondary-item--first all-sections__secondary-item--is-home-link"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/culture/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-secondary-link"> Culture home </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/tv/" data-track-txt> TV </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/films/" data-track-txt> Film </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/music/" data-track-txt> Music </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/books/" data-track-txt> Books </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/theatre/" data-track-txt> Theatre </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/comedy/" data-track-txt> Comedy </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/dance/" data-track-txt> Dance </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/opera/" data-track-txt> Opera </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/music/classical-music/" data-track-txt> Classical </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="/art/" data-track-txt> Art </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" data-track-txt> </a></li> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item"><a class="all-sections__link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/theatre/tickets/" data-track-txt> Telegraph Tickets </a></li> </ul></li> <li class="all-sections__item " id="puzzles" data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024"><a class="all-sections__link all-sections__link--is-primary" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/puzzles/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-link"> <span class="all-sections__link-heading">Puzzles</span> </a></li> <li class="all-sections__item " id="podcasts" data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024"><a class="all-sections__link all-sections__link--is-primary" href="/podcasts/" data-track-txt data-test="all-sections-link"> <span class="all-sections__link-heading">Podcasts</span> </a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <aside class="all-section__selector grid-col grid-col-12 grid-col-md-5 grid-col-lg-4" data-test="country-selector-all-section"> <div class="all-sections__navigation grid-col grid-col-12 grid-col-md-7" data-js="country-selector-all-section"> <nav aria-label="All sections website navigation" role="navigation"> <ul class="all-sections__list"> <li class="all-sections__item all-sections__item--has-children accordion accordion--sm accordion--is-collapsed" id="country" data-accordion-max-screen-width="1024" data-accordion-modal=""><a class="all-sections__link all-sections__link--is-primary" href="/" data-track-txt="" data-test="all-sections-link" data-accordion-trigger=""> <span class="all-sections__link-heading" data-js="country-selector__button"> <span data-js="country-selector__button-icon" class="all-sections-country-selector__icon-flag"> <img src="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/ui/dist/static/resources/images/flags/UK-SVG.svg" fetchpriority="high" role="presentation" class="all-sections-country-selector__icon-flag-link" data-test="country-selector-flag-icon"> </span> <span data-js="country-selector__button-text" data-test="country-selector-button-text"> UK Edition </span> </span> <svg class="all-sections__arrow-icon accordion__arrow-icon tmg-svg-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 10 5"> <path d="M.312 0L5 2.353 9.687 0 10 .294 5 5 0 .294.312 0z" /> </svg></a> <ul class="all-sections__secondary-list accordion__content" data-test="all-sections-secondary-list" data-accordion-content=""> <li class="all-sections__secondary-item" data-track-wrapper="country-selector-us"><a href="/us/" class="all-sections__link" data-country="us" data-js="country-selector-link" data-track-txt data-track-destination="/us/"> <span class="all-sections-country-selector__wrapper"> <img class="e-site-header-country-selector__icon-flag" src="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/ui/dist/static/resources/images/flags/USA-SVG.svg" fetchpriority="high" role="presentation" data-test="country-selector-flag-icon"> US Edition </span> </a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </aside> <aside class="all-sections__utilities grid-col grid-col-12 grid-col-md-5 grid-col-lg-4"> <div class="all-sections__subscribe-button"> <a href="https://secure.telegraph.co.uk/customer/subscribe/" class="all-sections__subscribe-button-link" data-icid="{ 'product': 'premiumsub', 'contentLocation': 'all-sections-nav' }"> <span class="all-sections__subscribe-button-text all-sections__subscribe-button-text--message"> Subscribe now </span> </a> </div> <div class="all-sections__utilities-inner"> <div class="all-sections__user-state-wrapper"> <div class="all-sections__user-state all-sections__user-state"> <a href="https://secure.telegraph.co.uk/customer/secure/login/?redirectTo=" class="all-sections__user-state-link" aria-label="Log in to The Telegraph" data-redirect-current rel="nofollow"> <span class="all-sections__user-state-text">Log in</span> <svg class="all-sections__user-state-icon all-sections__user-state-icon--login" width="20" height="20" viewbox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <title>Login icon</title><path d="M15 2H9.00002V3.5H15C15.2762 3.5 15.5 3.72386 15.5 4V16C15.5 16.2761 15.2762 16.5 15 16.5H9.00002V18H15C16.1046 18 17 17.1046 17 16V4C17 2.89543 16.1046 2 15 2ZM1 9.25H7.61837L5.30004 5.64L6.10003 5L10.6 10L6.10003 15L5.30004 14.36L7.61839 10.75H1V9.25Z" /> </svg></a> </div> </div> <div class="all-sections__social-bar" data-test="all-sections-social-bar"> <span class="all-sections__social-description">Follow us on:</span> <ul class="all-sections__social-links" data-test="social-links"> <li class="all-sections__social-item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/TELEGRAPH.CO.UK/" class="all-sections__social-link" data-test="social-link-facebook" aria-label="Visit our Facebook page" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 20 20" class="all-sections__social-icon"> <title>Facebook icon</title><path d="M11.1973 18V10.7122H13.5654L13.9202 7.85967H11.1973V6.04325C11.1973 5.21877 11.4173 4.65746 12.5561 4.65746H14V2.11226C13.7481 2.07729 12.8878 2 11.8856 2C9.79246 2 8.3592 3.32505 8.3592 5.75983V7.85967H6V10.7122H8.3592V18H11.1973Z" /> </svg></a></li> <li class="all-sections__social-item"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/telegraph/" class="all-sections__social-link" data-test="social-link-instagram" aria-label="Visit our Instagram page" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 20 20" class="all-sections__social-icon"> <title>Instagram icon</title><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M9.99683 3.44156C12.1333 3.44156 12.3841 3.45108 13.2286 3.48918C14.0095 3.52411 14.4317 3.6543 14.7143 3.76543C15.0889 3.91149 15.3556 4.08295 15.6349 4.36237C15.9143 4.64179 16.0889 4.90851 16.2317 5.28319C16.3397 5.56579 16.473 5.98809 16.5079 6.7692C16.546 7.61381 16.5556 7.86466 16.5556 10.0016C16.5556 12.1385 16.546 12.3894 16.5079 13.234C16.473 14.0151 16.3429 14.4374 16.2317 14.72C16.0857 15.0947 15.9143 15.3614 15.6349 15.6408C15.3556 15.9202 15.0889 16.0949 14.7143 16.2377C14.4317 16.3457 14.0095 16.4791 13.2286 16.514C12.3841 16.5521 12.1333 16.5616 9.99683 16.5616C7.86032 16.5616 7.60952 16.5521 6.76508 16.514C5.98413 16.4791 5.56191 16.3489 5.27937 16.2377C4.90476 16.0917 4.6381 15.9202 4.35873 15.6408C4.07937 15.3614 3.90476 15.0947 3.7619 14.72C3.65397 14.4374 3.52064 14.0151 3.48571 13.234C3.44762 12.3894 3.4381 12.1385 3.4381 10.0016C3.4381 7.86466 3.44762 7.61381 3.48571 6.7692C3.52064 5.98809 3.65079 5.56579 3.7619 5.28319C3.90794 4.90851 4.07937 4.64179 4.35873 4.36237C4.6381 4.08295 4.90476 3.90832 5.27937 3.76543C5.56191 3.65747 5.98413 3.52411 6.76508 3.48918C7.60952 3.44791 7.86349 3.44156 9.99683 3.44156ZM9.99683 2C7.8254 2 7.55238 2.00953 6.69841 2.04763C5.84762 2.08573 5.26667 2.22227 4.75873 2.41913C4.23175 2.62235 3.7873 2.89859 3.34286 3.34312C2.89841 3.78766 2.6254 4.23536 2.41905 4.75928C2.22222 5.26732 2.08571 5.84838 2.04762 6.70252C2.00952 7.55348 2 7.82655 2 9.99841C2 12.1703 2.00952 12.4433 2.04762 13.2975C2.08571 14.1484 2.22222 14.7295 2.41905 15.2407C2.62222 15.7678 2.89841 16.2123 3.34286 16.6569C3.7873 17.1014 4.23492 17.3745 4.75873 17.5809C5.26667 17.7777 5.84762 17.9143 6.70159 17.9524C7.55556 17.9905 7.8254 18 10 18C12.1746 18 12.4444 17.9905 13.2984 17.9524C14.1492 17.9143 14.7302 17.7777 15.2413 17.5809C15.7683 17.3777 16.2127 17.1014 16.6571 16.6569C17.1016 16.2123 17.3746 15.7646 17.581 15.2407C17.7778 14.7327 17.9143 14.1516 17.9524 13.2975C17.9905 12.4433 18 12.1734 18 9.99841C18 7.82338 17.9905 7.55348 17.9524 6.69935C17.9143 5.84838 17.7778 5.26732 17.581 4.7561C17.3778 4.22901 17.1016 3.78448 16.6571 3.33995C16.2127 2.89542 15.7651 2.62235 15.2413 2.41596C14.7333 2.21909 14.1524 2.08256 13.2984 2.04445C12.4413 2.00953 12.1683 2 9.99683 2ZM9.99661 5.89313C7.72994 5.89313 5.88867 7.73159 5.88867 10.0019C5.88867 12.2722 7.72677 14.1106 9.99661 14.1106C12.2665 14.1106 14.1045 12.2722 14.1045 10.0019C14.1045 7.73159 12.2665 5.89313 9.99661 5.89313ZM9.99661 12.6659C8.52359 12.6659 7.32994 11.472 7.32994 9.9987C7.32994 8.5254 8.52359 7.33151 9.99661 7.33151C11.4696 7.33151 12.6633 8.5254 12.6633 9.9987C12.6633 11.472 11.4696 12.6659 9.99661 12.6659ZM15.2258 5.72778C15.2258 6.25738 14.7966 6.6867 14.2671 6.6867C13.7376 6.6867 13.3083 6.25738 13.3083 5.72778C13.3083 5.19818 13.7376 4.76886 14.2671 4.76886C14.7966 4.76886 15.2258 5.19818 15.2258 5.72778Z" /> </svg></a></li> <li class="all-sections__social-item"><a href="https://twitter.com/@Telegraph" class="all-sections__social-link" data-test="social-link-twitter" aria-label="Visit our Twitter page" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 20 20" class="all-sections__social-icon"> <title>X icon</title><path d="M11.4894 8.77491L17.3177 2H15.9366L10.8759 7.88256L6.83392 2H2.172L8.28424 10.8955L2.172 18H3.55319L8.89742 11.7878L13.166 18H17.828L11.4891 8.77491H11.4894ZM9.59768 10.9738L8.97839 10.0881L4.05086 3.03974H6.17229L10.1489 8.72795L10.7682 9.61374L15.9372 17.0075H13.8158L9.59768 10.9742V10.9738Z" /> </svg></a></li> <li class="all-sections__social-item"><a href="https://www.snapchat.com/discover/The_Telegraph/8148798159" class="all-sections__social-link" data-test="social-link-snapchat" aria-label="Visit our Snapchat page" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 20 20" class="all-sections__social-icon"> <title>Snapchat icon</title><path d="M17.9422 13.7043C17.8318 13.3971 17.6194 13.2311 17.3783 13.0983C17.3334 13.0734 17.2925 13.0485 17.2558 13.0319C17.1822 12.9946 17.1087 12.9572 17.0351 12.9198C16.2834 12.5131 15.695 12.0067 15.2905 11.4008C15.1761 11.2306 15.074 11.048 14.9923 10.8612C14.9555 10.7616 14.9596 10.7035 14.9841 10.6495C15.0086 10.608 15.0413 10.5748 15.0821 10.5458C15.2129 10.4586 15.3436 10.3715 15.4335 10.3134C15.5929 10.2054 15.7236 10.1224 15.8053 10.0643C16.1118 9.84436 16.3283 9.61193 16.4631 9.35045C16.6552 8.98521 16.6797 8.55772 16.5326 8.17172C16.3283 7.62386 15.8217 7.28768 15.2047 7.28768C15.074 7.28768 14.9473 7.30013 14.8166 7.32918C14.7839 7.33748 14.7471 7.34578 14.7144 7.35409C14.7185 6.98054 14.7103 6.58625 14.6777 6.19611C14.5633 4.83061 14.0893 4.11673 13.599 3.54812C13.2844 3.19118 12.9167 2.8882 12.5041 2.65162C11.7605 2.21997 10.9147 2 9.99542 2C9.07613 2 8.23447 2.21997 7.49087 2.65162C7.07821 2.8882 6.7105 3.19118 6.39589 3.54812C5.90561 4.11673 5.43575 4.83476 5.31726 6.19611C5.28458 6.58625 5.27641 6.98054 5.28049 7.35409C5.24781 7.34578 5.21512 7.33748 5.17835 7.32918C5.05169 7.30013 4.92095 7.28768 4.79429 7.28768C4.17735 7.28768 3.67072 7.62802 3.46643 8.17172C3.31934 8.55772 3.34386 8.98521 3.53589 9.35045C3.67072 9.61193 3.88726 9.84436 4.19369 10.0643C4.2754 10.1224 4.40206 10.2054 4.56549 10.3134C4.65129 10.3715 4.77795 10.4545 4.90461 10.5375C4.94955 10.5665 4.98632 10.6039 5.01492 10.6495C5.03943 10.7035 5.04352 10.7616 5.00266 10.8695C4.92095 11.0521 4.82289 11.2306 4.70849 11.3966C4.31218 11.986 3.74017 12.4882 3.01291 12.8908C2.62886 13.0983 2.22846 13.2353 2.05685 13.7043C1.9302 14.0571 2.01191 14.4555 2.33468 14.7959C2.45317 14.9204 2.59208 15.0283 2.74326 15.1113C3.05786 15.2856 3.39289 15.4226 3.74426 15.518C3.8178 15.5388 3.88317 15.5678 3.94446 15.6093C4.06295 15.7131 4.0466 15.8708 4.20186 16.1032C4.27949 16.2236 4.38163 16.3274 4.49603 16.4104C4.82698 16.6428 5.19878 16.6553 5.59101 16.6719C5.94647 16.6843 6.34687 16.7009 6.80855 16.8545C7.00058 16.9167 7.1967 17.0412 7.4255 17.1865C7.97707 17.531 8.72884 18 9.99133 18C11.2538 18 12.0097 17.5268 12.5653 17.1824C12.7941 17.0412 12.9903 16.9167 13.1741 16.8545C13.6317 16.7009 14.0362 16.6843 14.3917 16.6719C14.7839 16.6553 15.1557 16.6428 15.4866 16.4104C15.6255 16.3108 15.7399 16.1863 15.8217 16.0368C15.9361 15.8418 15.932 15.7048 16.0382 15.6093C16.0954 15.5678 16.1608 15.5388 16.2262 15.5222C16.5775 15.4267 16.9207 15.2898 17.2394 15.1113C17.3988 15.0241 17.5458 14.9079 17.6684 14.7709L17.6725 14.7668C17.9912 14.4348 18.0688 14.0446 17.9422 13.7043ZM16.8227 14.3144C16.1404 14.6962 15.6827 14.6547 15.3314 14.8872C15.029 15.0822 15.2088 15.5056 14.9923 15.6591C14.7226 15.8459 13.93 15.6467 12.9085 15.9912C12.0628 16.2734 11.5276 17.0911 10.0077 17.0911C8.48779 17.0911 7.96481 16.2776 7.10681 15.9912C6.08538 15.6467 5.29275 15.8501 5.02309 15.6591C4.80655 15.5056 4.98223 15.0822 4.68398 14.8872C4.32852 14.6547 3.875 14.6962 3.19269 14.3144C2.75551 14.0695 3.00474 13.9201 3.14774 13.8495C5.62369 12.6335 6.02001 10.7533 6.03635 10.6122C6.05678 10.442 6.08129 10.3092 5.89744 10.139C5.72175 9.97302 4.93729 9.47912 4.71666 9.32555C4.35712 9.06822 4.19777 8.81505 4.31626 8.49961C4.39798 8.28379 4.59818 8.20078 4.80655 8.20078C4.87192 8.20078 4.93729 8.20908 5.00266 8.22153C5.39898 8.30869 5.78304 8.50791 6.00367 8.56602C6.03227 8.57432 6.05678 8.57847 6.08538 8.57847C6.20387 8.57847 6.24472 8.51621 6.23655 8.37925C6.21204 7.9393 6.15075 7.08431 6.22021 6.28327C6.31418 5.1834 6.66147 4.63554 7.07821 4.15409C7.27841 3.92166 8.21404 2.91725 10.0077 2.91725C11.8013 2.91725 12.7369 3.91751 12.9371 4.14994C13.3539 4.63139 13.7012 5.17925 13.7951 6.27912C13.8646 7.08016 13.8033 7.93515 13.7747 8.3751C13.7665 8.52036 13.8074 8.57432 13.9259 8.57432C13.9545 8.57432 13.979 8.57017 14.0076 8.56187C14.2282 8.50791 14.6123 8.30454 15.0086 8.21738C15.074 8.20078 15.1393 8.19663 15.2047 8.19663C15.4131 8.19663 15.6133 8.27964 15.695 8.49546C15.8135 8.81089 15.6541 9.06407 15.2946 9.3214C15.0781 9.47497 14.2936 9.96887 14.1138 10.1349C13.93 10.3051 13.9545 10.4379 13.9749 10.608C13.9913 10.7492 14.3876 12.6293 16.8635 13.8454C17.0106 13.916 17.2558 14.0695 16.8227 14.3144Z" /> </svg></a></li> <li class="all-sections__social-item"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/9053/" class="all-sections__social-link" data-test="social-link-linkedin" aria-label="Visit our LinkedIn page" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 20 20" class="all-sections__social-icon"> <title>LinkedIn icon</title><path d="M5.51774 18H2.22695V7.33333H5.51774V18ZM3.92907 5.85816C2.9078 5.85816 2 4.95035 2 3.92908C2 2.9078 2.9078 2 3.92907 2C4.95035 2 5.85815 2.9078 5.85815 3.92908C5.85815 4.95035 4.95035 5.85816 3.92907 5.85816ZM18 18H14.7092V12.7801C14.7092 11.5319 14.7092 9.94326 13.0071 9.94326C11.305 9.94326 10.9645 11.305 10.9645 12.6667V17.8865H7.67376V7.21986H10.8511V8.69504C11.5319 7.56028 12.6667 6.87943 14.0284 6.99291C17.4326 6.99291 18 9.14894 18 12.0993V18Z" /> </svg></a></li> <li class="all-sections__social-item"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCPgLNge0xqQHWM5B5EFH9Cg" class="all-sections__social-link" data-test="social-link-youtube" aria-label="Visit our YouTube page" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 20 20" class="all-sections__social-icon"> <title>YouTube icon</title><path d="M17.6636 6.07372C17.4818 5.37326 16.9364 4.82027 16.2455 4.62672C15 4.28571 10 4.28571 10 4.28571C10 4.28571 5 4.28571 3.74545 4.62672C3.05455 4.81105 2.51818 5.36405 2.32727 6.07372C2 7.34561 2 9.99999 2 9.99999C2 9.99999 2 12.6544 2.33636 13.9263C2.51818 14.6267 3.06364 15.1797 3.75455 15.3733C5 15.7143 10 15.7143 10 15.7143C10 15.7143 15 15.7143 16.2545 15.3733C16.9455 15.1889 17.4818 14.6359 17.6727 13.9263C18 12.6544 18 9.99999 18 9.99999C18 9.99999 18 7.34561 17.6636 6.07372Z" /> <path class="youtube-arrow" d="M8.36353 12.4141L12.5454 9.99937L8.36353 7.58463V12.4141Z" /> </svg></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </aside> <aside class="all-sections__more-container grid-col grid-col-12 grid-col-md-5 grid-col-lg-4"> <span class="all-sections__heading all-sections__more-heading u-heading-3" data-test="all-sections-more-heading">More from The Telegraph</span> <nav aria-label="More from the Telegraph navigation" role="navigation"> <ul class="all-sections__more-list" data-test="all-sections-more-list"> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/customer/subsdigitaleditionapp/" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> Download our app </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/newsletters" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> Newsletters </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://extra.telegraph.co.uk/" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> Telegraph Extra </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="/recommended/" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> Recommended </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/financial-services/" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> Financial Solutions </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/events/" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> Events </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://dating.telegraph.co.uk/s/a/20500?utm_source=hamburger&utm_medium=TMGmain" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> Dating </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/promotions/" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> Offers </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/travel-solutions/" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> Travel offers </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://shop.telegraph.co.uk/" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> Shop </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://gardenshop.telegraph.co.uk/" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> Garden shop </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://books.telegraph.co.uk/" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> Bookshop </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://tickets.telegraph.co.uk/?utm_source=TMG+main&utm_medium=hamburger+menu&utm_campaign=evergreen" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> Tickets </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/puzzles/" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> Puzzles </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://fantasyfootball.telegraph.co.uk/" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> Fantasy Football </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/about-us/work-at-the-telegraph/" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> Work at The Telegraph </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://corporate.telegraph.co.uk/" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> Telegraph Corporate </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="/contact-us/" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> Help and support </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.chelseamagazines.com/brands/" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> The Chelsea Magazine Company </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/compare" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> Broadband and Mobile Deals </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item" data-test="all-sections-more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/vouchercodes" data-test="all-sections-more-link"> Voucher codes </a> <section class="all-sections__more-secondary-item accordion accordion--is-collapsed" data-test="all-sections-more-secondary-item" data-accordion-max-screen-width="0" id="voucher-codes" data-accordion-modal> <button class="all-sections__more-secondary-cta" aria-controls="voucher-codes-content" aria-label="Show See top shops sub-navigation" data-test="all-sections-more-secondary-cta" aria-expanded="false" toggle-aria-label data-accordion-trigger> <span>See top shops</span> <svg class="all-sections__more-secondary-item-icon accordion__arrow-icon tmg-svg-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 10 5"> <path d="M.312 0L5 2.353 9.687 0 10 .294 5 5 0 .294.312 0z" /> </svg></button> <ul class="all-sections__more-secondary-list accordion__content" data-test="all-sections-more-secondary-list" data-accordion-content id="voucher-codes-content"> <li class="all-sections__more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/vouchercodes/samsung" data-test="all-sections-more-secondary-link" data-track-txt> Samsung </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/vouchercodes/nike-com" data-test="all-sections-more-secondary-link" data-track-txt> Nike </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/vouchercodes/asos" data-test="all-sections-more-secondary-link" data-track-txt> ASOS </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/vouchercodes/ebay" data-test="all-sections-more-secondary-link" data-track-txt> eBay </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/vouchercodes/currys" data-test="all-sections-more-secondary-link" data-track-txt> Currys </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/vouchercodes/wayfair" data-test="all-sections-more-secondary-link" data-track-txt> Wayfair </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/vouchercodes/tui" data-test="all-sections-more-secondary-link" data-track-txt> TUI </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/vouchercodes/jd-sports" data-test="all-sections-more-secondary-link" data-track-txt> JD Sports </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/vouchercodes/travelodge" data-test="all-sections-more-secondary-link" data-track-txt> Travelodge </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/vouchercodes/adidas" data-test="all-sections-more-secondary-link" data-track-txt> Adidas </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/compare/broadband" data-test="all-sections-more-secondary-link" data-track-txt> Broadband deals </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/compare/broadband/cheap-broadband" data-test="all-sections-more-secondary-link" data-track-txt> Cheap broadband </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/compare/broadband/in-my-area" data-test="all-sections-more-secondary-link" data-track-txt> Broadband in my area </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/compare/broadband/broadband-tv-deals" data-test="all-sections-more-secondary-link" data-track-txt> Broadband and TV deals </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/compare/mobile" data-test="all-sections-more-secondary-link" data-track-txt> Mobile deals </a></li> <li class="all-sections__more-item"><a class="all-sections__more-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/compare/mobile/sim-only-deals" data-test="all-sections-more-secondary-link" data-track-txt> SIM-only deals </a></li> </ul> </section></li> </ul> </nav> </aside> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script> (function () { document.querySelectorAll('.site-header__buttons .e-site-header-button__link').forEach(link => { link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { eVar94 = "header-search-icon-desktop"; eVar95 = link.textContent.trim(); eVar96 = "img"; eVar97 = document.title; tmgComponentString = eVar94+";"+eVar95+"_"+eVar96+";"+eVar97; localStorage.setItem("tmgComponentTracking", tmgComponentString); }); }); })(); </script> </div> <a href="#navigation" hidden aria-hidden="false">Jump to navigation</a> <main class="container escenic tpl-article" itemtype="http://schema.org/Article" itemscope> <meta class="escenic-main-entity-of-page" itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" content=""> <meta itemprop="isAccessibleForFree" content="false"><span itemscope itemprop="publisher" itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization" aria-hidden="true"> <meta itemprop="name" content="The Telegraph"><span itemscope itemprop="logo" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="url" content="/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/ui/dist/static/resources/images/the-telegraph-logo.png"> <meta itemprop="width" content="150"> <meta itemprop="height" content="26"></span> </span> <article class="grid"> <header class="grid-col grid-col-12 tpl-article__layout tpl-article__layout--header escenic-headline escenic-standfirst"> <h1 class="e-headline u-heading-1 " data-test="headline" itemprop="headline">Is this the fabric of the universe?</h1> <p class="e-standfirst u-heading-4 " itemprop="description" data-test="standfirst"></p> </header> <div class="grid-col grid-col-12 tpl-article__layout tpl-article__layout--header-meta tpl-article__separator"> <div class="escenic-authors escenic-date-and-time tpl-article__byline-date"> <span class="e-byline e-byline--multi" data-test="byline"> <span class="e-byline__meta" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemprop="author"> <span class="e-byline__author">Roger Highfield</span> </span> </span> <time class="e-published-date u-meta " itemprop="datePublished" datetime="2007-03-19T00:01+0000" data-test="time"> 19 March 2007 • 12:01am </time> </div> </div><span class="grid-col grid-col-12 tpl-article__separator tpl-article__separator--show-xs tpl-article__separator--double" aria-hidden="true"></span> <div class="escenic-lead-asset grid-col grid-col-12 u-full-bleed u-full-bleed--reset-sm tpl-article__lead-asset" data-lead-asset-layout="small"> <figure itemscope="true" data-test="article-body-image" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject" data-js="article-body-image" itemprop="image" class="article-body-image section"> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/01078/connected-graphics_1078337a.jpg"> <meta itemprop="width" content="60"> <meta itemprop="height" content="70"> <meta itemprop="representativeOfPage" content="true"> <div class="article-body-image__container"> <picture> <source srcset="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/01078/connected-graphics_1078337a.jpg?imwidth=1280" media="(min-width:1600px)"> <source srcset="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/01078/connected-graphics_1078337a.jpg?imwidth=960" media="(min-width:1280px)"> <source srcset="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/01078/connected-graphics_1078337a.jpg?imwidth=680" media="(min-width:768px)"> <source srcset="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/01078/connected-graphics_1078337a.jpg?imwidth=350" media="(min-width:350px)"> <img src="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/01078/connected-graphics_1078337a.jpg?imwidth=680" alt="Orange juice" class="article-body-image__source" data-test="article-image-body-source" fetchpriority="high" width="60" height="70"> </picture> </div> </figure> </div><span class="grid-col grid-col-12 tpl-article__separator tpl-article__separator--hide-xs tpl-article__separator--double" aria-hidden="true"></span> <div class="grid-col grid-col-12 tpl-article__layout tpl-article__layout--content"> <div itemprop="articleBody" data-js="article-body" class="escenic-body"> <div class="articleBodyText section"> <div class="component article-body-text" data-test="article-body-text"> <p><b>Roger Highfield describes a heroic mathematical enterprise that could lay bare the fundamentals of the cosmos</b> <br><br> Mathematicians have successfully scaled their equivalent of Mount Everest. Today they unveil the answer to a problem that, if written out in tiny print, would cover an area the size of Manhattan.</p> </div> </div> <div class="articleBodyText section"> <div class="component article-body-text" data-test="article-body-text"> <p>At the most basic level, the calculation is an arcane investigation of symmetry – in this case of an object that is 57 dimensional, rather than the usual three dimensional ones that we are familiar with. Although this object was first discovered in the 19th century. there is evidence that it could contain the structure of the cosmos.<br><br> Mathematicians are known for their solitary style of working, but the combined assault on what is described as "one of the largest and most complicated structures in mathematics" required the effort of 18 mathematicians from America and Europe for an intensive four-year collaboration.</p> </div> </div> <div class="articleBodyText section"> <div class="component article-body-text" data-test="article-body-text"> <p>The feat may baffle most people but could have unforeseen implications in mathematics and physics, which won’t be evident for years to come, said the American Institute of Mathematics.</p> </div> </div> <div class="articleBodyText section"> <div class="component article-body-text" data-test="article-body-text"> <ul> <li><b> <a href="/earth/main.jhtml?xml=/earth/2007/11/14/scisurf114.xml" lang="en.uk">Surfer dude stuns physicists with theory of everything</a> </b></li> <li><b> <a href="/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/11/12/wtree112.xml" lang="en.uk">Tree man 'who grew roots' may be cured</a> </b></li> <li><b> <a href="/earth/main.jhtml?xml=/earth/2007/11/16/eashark116.xml" lang="en.uk">Med sharks and rays threatened by extinction</a> </b></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="articleBodyText section"> <div class="component article-body-text" data-test="article-body-text"> <p>"The group of symmetries of this strange geometry called E8 is one of the most intriguing structures that Nature has left for the mathematician to play with," commened Prof Marcus du Sautoy of Oxford University, currently in Auckland. "Most of the time mathematical objects fit into nice patterns that we can order and classify. But this one just sits there like a huge Everest."</p> </div> </div> <div class="articleBodyText section"> <div class="component article-body-text" data-test="article-body-text"> <p>What makes this group of symmetries so exciting is that Nature also seems to have embedded it at the heart of many bits of physics. One interpretation of why we have such a quirky list of fundamental particles is because they all result from different facets of the strange symmetries of E8. I find it rather extraordinary that of all the symmetries that mathematician’s have discovered, it is this exotic exceptional object that Nature has used to build the fabric of the universe. The symmetries are so intricate and complex that today’s announcement of the complete mapping of E8 is a significant moment in our exploration of symmetry."</p> </div> </div> <div class="articleBodyText section"> <div class="component article-body-text" data-test="article-body-text"> <p>For the feat, the team used a mix of theoretical mathematics and intricate computer programming to successfully map E8, (pronounced "E eight") which is an example of a Lie (pronounced "Lee") group. Lie groups were invented by the 19th century Norwegian mathematician Sophus Lie to study symmetry.</p> </div> </div> <div class="articleBodyText section"> <div class="component article-body-text" data-test="article-body-text"> <p>Underlying any symmetrical object, such as a sphere, is a Lie group. Balls, cylinders or cones are familiar examples of symmetric three-dimensional objects. Today’s feat rests on the drive by mathematicians to study symmetries in higher dimensions. E8 is the symmetries of a geometric object that is 57-dimensional. E8 itself is 248-dimensional.</p> </div> </div> <div class="articleBodyText section"> <div class="component article-body-text" data-test="article-body-text"> <p>"E8 was discovered over a century ago, in 1887, and until now, no one thought the structure could ever be understood," said Prof Jeffrey Adams, Project Leader, at the University of Maryland. "This groundbreaking achievement is significant both as an advance in basic knowledge, as well as a major advance in the use of large scale computing to solve complicated mathematical problems."</p> </div> </div> <div class="articleBodyText section"> <div class="component article-body-text" data-test="article-body-text"> <p>"This is an exciting breakthrough," said Prof Peter Sarnak at Princeton University. "Understanding and classifying the representations of E8 and Lie groups has been critical to understanding phenomena in many different areas of mathematics and science including algebra, geometry, number theory, physics and chemistry. This project will be invaluable for future mathematicians and scientists."</p> </div> </div> <div class="articleBodyText section"> <div class="component article-body-text" data-test="article-body-text"> <p>The ways that E8 manifests itself as a symmetry group are called representations. The goal is to describe all the possible representations of E8. These representations are extremely complicated, but mathematicians describe them in terms of basic building blocks. The new result is a complete list of these building blocks for the representations of E8, and a precise description of the relations between them, all encoded in a matrix, or grid, with 453,060 rows and columns. There are 205,263,363,600 entries in all, each a mathematical expression called a polynomial. If each entry was written in a one inch square, then the entire matrix would measure more than seven miles on each side.</p> </div> </div> <div class="articleBodyText section"> <div class="component article-body-text" data-test="article-body-text"> <p>The result of the E8 calculation, which contains all the information about E8 and its representations, is 60 gigabytes in size. This is enough to store 45 days of continuous music in MP3-format. If written out on paper, the answer would cover an area the size of Manhattan. The computation required sophisticated new mathematical techniques and computing power not available even a few years ago.</p> </div> </div> <div class="articleBodyText section"> <div class="component article-body-text" data-test="article-body-text"> <p>"This is an impressive achievement," said Hermann Nicolai, Director of the Albert Einstein Institute in Potsdam, Germany. "While mathematicians have known for a long time about the beauty and the uniqueness of E8, we physicists have come to appreciate its exceptional role only more recently - yet, in our attempts to unify gravity with the other fundamental forces into a consistent theory of quantum gravity, we now encounter it at almost every corner," he said, referring to efforts to combine the theory of the very big (general relativity) with the very small (quantum mechanics). "Thus, understanding the inner workings of E8 is not only a great advance for pure mathematics, but may also help physicists in their quest for a unified theory."</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="tpl-article__end-meta"> <div class="tpl-article__related escenic-list-of-tags-1"> </div> <div class="tpl-article__social escenic-social-1"> <ul class="e-social-share" data-test="social-share"> <li class="e-social-share__provider e-social-share__provider--twitter"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/3352140/Is-this-the-fabric-of-the-universe.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener" class="e-social-share__link" aria-label="Share on twitter"> <svg viewbox="0 0 14 11" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="e-social-share__icon" height="15px" width="15px"> <title>Twitter Icon</title><path d="M4.35421 10.9458C8.70841 10.9458 12.2276 7.48627 12.2276 3.19172C12.2276 3.13207 12.2276 3.13207 12.2276 3.07242C12.2276 2.95313 12.2276 2.83384 12.2276 2.71454C12.7644 2.29702 13.2416 1.81984 13.5994 1.28302C13.1223 1.52161 12.5854 1.6409 11.989 1.70055C12.5854 1.34267 13.003 0.805851 13.1819 0.209385C12.6451 0.507618 12.0486 0.746205 11.4522 0.865498C10.3785 -0.267788 8.64877 -0.267788 7.51548 0.746204C6.79972 1.40232 6.50149 2.41631 6.74007 3.37066C4.4735 3.25136 2.44551 2.17772 1.01399 0.447971C0.298231 1.70055 0.656117 3.31101 1.84905 4.14606C1.43152 4.14606 0.954346 4.02677 0.596466 3.78818C0.596466 5.10041 1.55081 6.2337 2.86304 6.53193C2.44551 6.65122 1.96834 6.71087 1.55082 6.59158C1.9087 7.72486 2.98234 8.50027 4.11562 8.50027C3.16128 9.27567 1.9087 9.6932 0.656117 9.6932C0.41753 9.6932 0.238587 9.6932 0 9.63355C1.37187 10.5283 2.80339 10.9458 4.35421 10.9458Z" class="e-social-share__icon-foreground"></path> </svg></a></li> <li class="e-social-share__provider e-social-share__provider--facebook"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/3352140/Is-this-the-fabric-of-the-universe.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener" class="e-social-share__link" aria-label="Share on facebook"> <svg viewbox="0 0 6 11" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="e-social-share__icon" height="15px" width="15px"> <title>Facebook Icon</title><path d="M3.62853 10.9458V6.00257H5.31132L5.57426 4.05683H3.68112V2.79474C3.68112 2.21628 3.83888 1.84816 4.62769 1.84816H5.67944V0.112781C5.20615 0.0601932 4.68028 0.0076059 4.20699 0.0076059C2.94489 -0.0975688 1.78797 0.901591 1.6828 2.16369C1.6828 2.32145 1.6828 2.42663 1.6828 2.58439V4.00425H0V5.94998H1.6828V10.9458H3.62853Z" class="e-social-share__icon-foreground"></path> </svg></a></li> <li class="e-social-share__provider e-social-share__provider--whatsapp"><a href="https://wa.me?text=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/3352140/Is-this-the-fabric-of-the-universe.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener" class="e-social-share__link" aria-label="Share on whatsapp"> <svg viewbox="0 0 12 12" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="e-social-share__icon" height="15px" width="15px"> <title>WhatsApp Icon</title><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M8.49343 6.99675C8.34958 6.9217 7.63034 6.57147 7.499 6.52143C7.36766 6.4714 7.26759 6.44638 7.17378 6.59648C7.07997 6.74658 6.79852 7.07181 6.71034 7.16562C6.62341 7.25943 6.5421 7.27132 6.39825 7.20314C5.97609 7.02115 5.58895 6.76722 5.25372 6.45263C4.93663 6.15868 4.66457 5.81908 4.44693 5.4457C4.35937 5.30185 4.44693 5.22055 4.50947 5.15175C4.57201 5.08295 4.65332 4.98289 4.72837 4.89533C4.78778 4.8209 4.83594 4.73897 4.87222 4.65141C4.91537 4.57136 4.91537 4.47504 4.87222 4.39499C4.83469 4.31993 4.54699 3.60695 4.42191 3.313C4.29682 3.01905 4.18425 3.06908 4.09669 3.06283H3.81525C3.6664 3.06596 3.52567 3.13225 3.42748 3.2442C3.09601 3.55942 2.91213 3.99972 2.92089 4.45753C2.96905 5.00478 3.17544 5.52638 3.51504 5.95855C4.14359 6.89544 5.00543 7.6522 6.01674 8.15379C6.28818 8.27075 6.56587 8.37269 6.84856 8.46025C7.14438 8.54906 7.4571 8.56907 7.76168 8.51654C8.17133 8.43273 8.52783 8.18131 8.74297 7.82232C8.84054 7.60467 8.87118 7.36325 8.83116 7.12809C8.76236 7.07806 8.66229 7.07806 8.51844 6.9905L8.49343 6.99675ZM5.84309 10.618C4.97562 10.618 4.12442 10.3847 3.37891 9.94255L3.20379 9.83622L1.3713 10.3178L1.85913 8.53534L1.77157 8.32895C0.365612 6.05866 1.06671 3.07913 3.33638 1.67317C5.60605 0.267843 8.5862 0.96832 9.99216 3.23799C11.3981 5.50828 10.697 8.48843 8.42734 9.89376C7.65119 10.3741 6.75558 10.6255 5.84309 10.618ZM9.98178 1.66193C7.68397 -0.587727 3.99709 -0.548325 1.74744 1.74886C-0.0656697 3.60137 -0.436547 6.42829 0.83807 8.68545L0 11.7L3.08335 10.8926C3.93017 11.3535 4.87769 11.5962 5.84147 11.5999C9.05678 11.6118 11.6736 9.01443 11.6854 5.79786C11.6904 4.24744 11.0775 2.75892 9.98178 1.66193Z" class="e-social-share__icon-foreground"></path> </svg></a></li> <li class="e-social-share__provider e-social-share__provider--email"><a href="mailto:?to=&body=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/3352140/Is-this-the-fabric-of-the-universe.html&subject=Is this the fabric of the universe?" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener" class="e-social-share__link" aria-label="Share on email"> <svg viewbox="0 0 18 11" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="e-social-share__icon" height="19px" width="19px"> <title>Email Icon</title><path d="M17.6545 1.05927L16.5952 0H1.14754L0 1.05927V9.88651L1.05927 10.9458H16.5069L17.6545 9.88651V1.05927ZM16.5952 8.82724L14.0353 3.61917L16.5952 2.38336V8.82724ZM1.14754 2.20681L3.70745 3.44262L1.14754 8.73897V2.20681ZM8.82724 6.0908L12.976 4.06053L15.9773 9.88651H1.67717L4.67842 3.97226L8.82724 6.0908ZM16.5952 1.05927L8.82724 4.85498L1.05927 1.05927H16.5952Z" class="e-social-share__icon-foreground"></path> </svg></a></li> </ul> <div class="e-comment-count e-comment-count--hidden e-comment-count__separator-left e-comment-count__separator-left--loose" data-js="e-comment-count"> <a href="#comment" class="e-comment-count__link" data-js="comment-load" data-event="commentCountBottom"> <svg class="e-comment-count__icon" width="15px" height="15px" viewbox="0 0 10 10" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <title>Comment speech bubble</title><path d="M8.68087 0.648096L8.53414 0.5H8.32567H1.66598H1.43775L1.28826 0.672386L1.28826 0.672395L1.28825 0.672399L1.28823 0.672423L1.28812 0.672552L1.28737 0.673412L1.28404 0.677241L1.27045 0.692777C1.25847 0.70643 1.24092 0.726341 1.21912 0.750835C1.17541 0.799957 1.11515 0.866855 1.04872 0.938334C0.90458 1.09342 0.767334 1.23059 0.699428 1.28201C0.588293 1.39874 0.512848 1.57355 0.507349 1.60274C0.505625 1.61458 0.503529 1.63282 0.502952 1.63925C0.502088 1.6496 0.501737 1.65785 0.501644 1.66004L0.50164 1.66013L0.501235 1.67306L0.50103 1.68723L0.500793 1.72361L0.500444 1.85217C0.500251 1.96202 0.50013 2.11858 0.500064 2.30611C0.499932 2.68124 0.50002 3.18112 0.500196 3.68081L0.500856 5.05488L0.501136 5.50765L0.501221 5.6345L0.501244 5.66792L0.50125 5.67649L0.501251 5.67866L0.501252 5.67921L0.501252 5.67935L1.00125 5.67904L0.501252 5.67939L0.501399 5.88781L0.64953 6.03442L1.31426 6.69231L1.46038 6.83693H1.66598H1.68014L1.75105 6.97632C1.877 7.22401 2.04492 7.55445 2.21281 7.88559C2.38076 8.21685 2.54844 8.54833 2.67403 8.79827C2.73691 8.9234 2.78877 9.02717 2.82472 9.09999C2.84285 9.13669 2.85608 9.16383 2.86443 9.18134C2.86862 9.19012 2.87031 9.19383 2.87045 9.19412L2.86908 9.191L2.86505 9.18121C2.86366 9.17769 2.85948 9.16709 2.85488 9.15288C2.85264 9.14595 2.84838 9.13231 2.84421 9.11473L2.84408 9.11417C2.84147 9.10317 2.83082 9.05827 2.83082 8.99991C2.83324 9.04914 2.86861 9.19065 2.91409 9.27625C3.02577 9.39614 3.30897 9.49952 3.44949 9.48573C3.52012 9.4628 3.6191 9.40857 3.64992 9.385C3.66719 9.37001 3.69407 9.34368 3.7041 9.33277C3.72248 9.31218 3.73507 9.29455 3.73946 9.28835C3.74537 9.27999 3.74992 9.27302 3.75262 9.26882C3.76145 9.25506 3.76831 9.24285 3.77029 9.23933L3.77043 9.23908C3.77621 9.2288 3.78241 9.21722 3.78763 9.20737C3.79886 9.18618 3.81433 9.15639 3.83279 9.12055C3.87003 9.04823 3.92282 8.94473 3.98566 8.82101C4.11149 8.5733 4.27925 8.24139 4.44721 7.90872L4.91087 6.99008L4.98832 6.83693H8.32567H8.52918L8.67484 6.69482L9.34916 6.03693L9.5 5.88977V5.67904V1.68063V1.47489L9.3552 1.32873L8.68087 0.648096ZM5.12454 6.56889C5.12444 6.56912 5.12314 6.57161 5.12097 6.57557C5.12355 6.57063 5.12463 6.56866 5.12454 6.56889Z" /> </svg><span class="e-comment-count__number" data-js="comment-count"></span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <aside class="grid-col grid-col-12 tpl-article__layout tpl-article__layout--sidebar" aria-label="More stories"> <div class="tpl-article__sidebar"> <div class="commercial-unit commercial-unit--sidebar " aria-hidden="true" data-ad-slot-hidden="false" data-ad-slot-id="advert_tmg_mpu" data-perf="commercial-unit-sidebar" data-test="advert_tmg_mpu"> <div class="advert-label advert-label--sidebar"> Advertisement </div> <div class="advert js-advert advert--mpu" id="advert_tmg_mpu"></div> </div><div data-test="more-stories" class="more-stories section"> <h2 class="u-heading-7">More stories</h2> <div class="article-list more-stories__list " data-liftigniter='{ "widget": "liftigniter-rhr", "maxStories": 6, "layout": "row", "trackingName": "More stories" }'> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <aside class="grid-col grid-col-12 grid-col-lg-2 tpl-article__layout tpl-article__layout--meta tpl-article__separator tpl-article__separator--pseudo-hide-lg" data-js="article-meta" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="grid-col grid-col-12 tpl-article__layout tpl-article__related-top u-separator-bottom escenic-list-of-tags-2"> </div> <div class="tpl-article__layout tpl-article__actions escenic-social-2"> <ul class="e-social-share" data-test="social-share"> <li class="e-social-share__provider e-social-share__provider--twitter"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/3352140/Is-this-the-fabric-of-the-universe.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener" class="e-social-share__link" aria-label="Share on twitter"> <svg viewbox="0 0 14 11" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="e-social-share__icon" height="15px" width="15px"> <title>Twitter Icon</title><path d="M4.35421 10.9458C8.70841 10.9458 12.2276 7.48627 12.2276 3.19172C12.2276 3.13207 12.2276 3.13207 12.2276 3.07242C12.2276 2.95313 12.2276 2.83384 12.2276 2.71454C12.7644 2.29702 13.2416 1.81984 13.5994 1.28302C13.1223 1.52161 12.5854 1.6409 11.989 1.70055C12.5854 1.34267 13.003 0.805851 13.1819 0.209385C12.6451 0.507618 12.0486 0.746205 11.4522 0.865498C10.3785 -0.267788 8.64877 -0.267788 7.51548 0.746204C6.79972 1.40232 6.50149 2.41631 6.74007 3.37066C4.4735 3.25136 2.44551 2.17772 1.01399 0.447971C0.298231 1.70055 0.656117 3.31101 1.84905 4.14606C1.43152 4.14606 0.954346 4.02677 0.596466 3.78818C0.596466 5.10041 1.55081 6.2337 2.86304 6.53193C2.44551 6.65122 1.96834 6.71087 1.55082 6.59158C1.9087 7.72486 2.98234 8.50027 4.11562 8.50027C3.16128 9.27567 1.9087 9.6932 0.656117 9.6932C0.41753 9.6932 0.238587 9.6932 0 9.63355C1.37187 10.5283 2.80339 10.9458 4.35421 10.9458Z" class="e-social-share__icon-foreground"></path> </svg></a></li> <li class="e-social-share__provider e-social-share__provider--facebook"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/3352140/Is-this-the-fabric-of-the-universe.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener" class="e-social-share__link" aria-label="Share on facebook"> <svg viewbox="0 0 6 11" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="e-social-share__icon" height="15px" width="15px"> <title>Facebook Icon</title><path d="M3.62853 10.9458V6.00257H5.31132L5.57426 4.05683H3.68112V2.79474C3.68112 2.21628 3.83888 1.84816 4.62769 1.84816H5.67944V0.112781C5.20615 0.0601932 4.68028 0.0076059 4.20699 0.0076059C2.94489 -0.0975688 1.78797 0.901591 1.6828 2.16369C1.6828 2.32145 1.6828 2.42663 1.6828 2.58439V4.00425H0V5.94998H1.6828V10.9458H3.62853Z" class="e-social-share__icon-foreground"></path> </svg></a></li> <li class="e-social-share__provider e-social-share__provider--whatsapp"><a href="https://wa.me?text=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/3352140/Is-this-the-fabric-of-the-universe.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener" class="e-social-share__link" aria-label="Share on whatsapp"> <svg viewbox="0 0 12 12" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="e-social-share__icon" height="15px" width="15px"> <title>WhatsApp Icon</title><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M8.49343 6.99675C8.34958 6.9217 7.63034 6.57147 7.499 6.52143C7.36766 6.4714 7.26759 6.44638 7.17378 6.59648C7.07997 6.74658 6.79852 7.07181 6.71034 7.16562C6.62341 7.25943 6.5421 7.27132 6.39825 7.20314C5.97609 7.02115 5.58895 6.76722 5.25372 6.45263C4.93663 6.15868 4.66457 5.81908 4.44693 5.4457C4.35937 5.30185 4.44693 5.22055 4.50947 5.15175C4.57201 5.08295 4.65332 4.98289 4.72837 4.89533C4.78778 4.8209 4.83594 4.73897 4.87222 4.65141C4.91537 4.57136 4.91537 4.47504 4.87222 4.39499C4.83469 4.31993 4.54699 3.60695 4.42191 3.313C4.29682 3.01905 4.18425 3.06908 4.09669 3.06283H3.81525C3.6664 3.06596 3.52567 3.13225 3.42748 3.2442C3.09601 3.55942 2.91213 3.99972 2.92089 4.45753C2.96905 5.00478 3.17544 5.52638 3.51504 5.95855C4.14359 6.89544 5.00543 7.6522 6.01674 8.15379C6.28818 8.27075 6.56587 8.37269 6.84856 8.46025C7.14438 8.54906 7.4571 8.56907 7.76168 8.51654C8.17133 8.43273 8.52783 8.18131 8.74297 7.82232C8.84054 7.60467 8.87118 7.36325 8.83116 7.12809C8.76236 7.07806 8.66229 7.07806 8.51844 6.9905L8.49343 6.99675ZM5.84309 10.618C4.97562 10.618 4.12442 10.3847 3.37891 9.94255L3.20379 9.83622L1.3713 10.3178L1.85913 8.53534L1.77157 8.32895C0.365612 6.05866 1.06671 3.07913 3.33638 1.67317C5.60605 0.267843 8.5862 0.96832 9.99216 3.23799C11.3981 5.50828 10.697 8.48843 8.42734 9.89376C7.65119 10.3741 6.75558 10.6255 5.84309 10.618ZM9.98178 1.66193C7.68397 -0.587727 3.99709 -0.548325 1.74744 1.74886C-0.0656697 3.60137 -0.436547 6.42829 0.83807 8.68545L0 11.7L3.08335 10.8926C3.93017 11.3535 4.87769 11.5962 5.84147 11.5999C9.05678 11.6118 11.6736 9.01443 11.6854 5.79786C11.6904 4.24744 11.0775 2.75892 9.98178 1.66193Z" class="e-social-share__icon-foreground"></path> </svg></a></li> <li class="e-social-share__provider e-social-share__provider--email"><a href="mailto:?to=&body=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/3352140/Is-this-the-fabric-of-the-universe.html&subject=Is this the fabric of the universe?" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener" class="e-social-share__link" aria-label="Share on email"> <svg viewbox="0 0 18 11" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="e-social-share__icon" height="19px" width="19px"> <title>Email Icon</title><path d="M17.6545 1.05927L16.5952 0H1.14754L0 1.05927V9.88651L1.05927 10.9458H16.5069L17.6545 9.88651V1.05927ZM16.5952 8.82724L14.0353 3.61917L16.5952 2.38336V8.82724ZM1.14754 2.20681L3.70745 3.44262L1.14754 8.73897V2.20681ZM8.82724 6.0908L12.976 4.06053L15.9773 9.88651H1.67717L4.67842 3.97226L8.82724 6.0908ZM16.5952 1.05927L8.82724 4.85498L1.05927 1.05927H16.5952Z" class="e-social-share__icon-foreground"></path> </svg></a></li> </ul> <div class="e-comment-count e-comment-count--hidden e-comment-count__separator-left e-comment-count__separator-left--tight" data-js="e-comment-count"> <a href="#comment" class="e-comment-count__link" data-js="comment-load" data-event="commentCountTop"> <svg class="e-comment-count__icon" width="15px" height="15px" viewbox="0 0 10 10" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <title>Comment speech bubble</title><path d="M8.68087 0.648096L8.53414 0.5H8.32567H1.66598H1.43775L1.28826 0.672386L1.28826 0.672395L1.28825 0.672399L1.28823 0.672423L1.28812 0.672552L1.28737 0.673412L1.28404 0.677241L1.27045 0.692777C1.25847 0.70643 1.24092 0.726341 1.21912 0.750835C1.17541 0.799957 1.11515 0.866855 1.04872 0.938334C0.90458 1.09342 0.767334 1.23059 0.699428 1.28201C0.588293 1.39874 0.512848 1.57355 0.507349 1.60274C0.505625 1.61458 0.503529 1.63282 0.502952 1.63925C0.502088 1.6496 0.501737 1.65785 0.501644 1.66004L0.50164 1.66013L0.501235 1.67306L0.50103 1.68723L0.500793 1.72361L0.500444 1.85217C0.500251 1.96202 0.50013 2.11858 0.500064 2.30611C0.499932 2.68124 0.50002 3.18112 0.500196 3.68081L0.500856 5.05488L0.501136 5.50765L0.501221 5.6345L0.501244 5.66792L0.50125 5.67649L0.501251 5.67866L0.501252 5.67921L0.501252 5.67935L1.00125 5.67904L0.501252 5.67939L0.501399 5.88781L0.64953 6.03442L1.31426 6.69231L1.46038 6.83693H1.66598H1.68014L1.75105 6.97632C1.877 7.22401 2.04492 7.55445 2.21281 7.88559C2.38076 8.21685 2.54844 8.54833 2.67403 8.79827C2.73691 8.9234 2.78877 9.02717 2.82472 9.09999C2.84285 9.13669 2.85608 9.16383 2.86443 9.18134C2.86862 9.19012 2.87031 9.19383 2.87045 9.19412L2.86908 9.191L2.86505 9.18121C2.86366 9.17769 2.85948 9.16709 2.85488 9.15288C2.85264 9.14595 2.84838 9.13231 2.84421 9.11473L2.84408 9.11417C2.84147 9.10317 2.83082 9.05827 2.83082 8.99991C2.83324 9.04914 2.86861 9.19065 2.91409 9.27625C3.02577 9.39614 3.30897 9.49952 3.44949 9.48573C3.52012 9.4628 3.6191 9.40857 3.64992 9.385C3.66719 9.37001 3.69407 9.34368 3.7041 9.33277C3.72248 9.31218 3.73507 9.29455 3.73946 9.28835C3.74537 9.27999 3.74992 9.27302 3.75262 9.26882C3.76145 9.25506 3.76831 9.24285 3.77029 9.23933L3.77043 9.23908C3.77621 9.2288 3.78241 9.21722 3.78763 9.20737C3.79886 9.18618 3.81433 9.15639 3.83279 9.12055C3.87003 9.04823 3.92282 8.94473 3.98566 8.82101C4.11149 8.5733 4.27925 8.24139 4.44721 7.90872L4.91087 6.99008L4.98832 6.83693H8.32567H8.52918L8.67484 6.69482L9.34916 6.03693L9.5 5.88977V5.67904V1.68063V1.47489L9.3552 1.32873L8.68087 0.648096ZM5.12454 6.56889C5.12444 6.56912 5.12314 6.57161 5.12097 6.57557C5.12355 6.57063 5.12463 6.56866 5.12454 6.56889Z" /> </svg><span class="e-comment-count__number" data-js="comment-count"></span> </a> </div> </div> </aside> </article> </main> <aside class="container u-separator-four-lines" aria-label="Onward journey"> <div class="grid"> <div class="grid-col grid-col-12"> <div data-test="more-stories" class="more-stories section"> <h2 class="u-heading-6 more-stories__heading">More from The Telegraph</h2> <div class="article-list more-stories__list grid more-stories__list--column" data-liftigniter='{ "widget": "liftigniter-onward-journey", "maxStories": 6, "layout": "column", "trackingName": "More from The Telegraph" }'> </div> </div> <div class="articleList section"> <section class="article-list article-list-six-col article-list--six-col" data-test="article-list-six-col"> <div class="article-list__heading "> <div class="article-list__heading-link-wrapper u-separator-bottom--loose " data-test="article-list-heading-link-wrapper"> <h2 class="article-list__heading-title u-heading-1 " data-test="article-list-heading-title">More stories </h2> </div> </div> <ul class="article-list__list grid"> <li class="article-list__item article-list__item--0 six-col__item six-col__item--0 grid-col grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-md-2 grid-col-12 grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-3 "> <article data-test="card" data-track="" data-test-save="save-article-enabled" data-save-article-enabled="true" class="card u-clickable-area card--feature-switch card--premium card--not-opinion "> <div class="card__content " data-test="article-comment-content"> <h2 class="list-headline list-headline--premium u-heading-7" data-track-wrapper="article-list More stories"> <a class="list-headline__link u-clickable-area__link" data-track-block data-test="list-headline-link" rel=" " href="/world-news/2024/11/23/cop29-on-verge-of-collapse-as-small-nations-walk-out-in-row/"> <span class="u-heading-7 list-headline__text" data-test="headline"> <span class=" ">Cop29 signs off $300bn climate deal after poorer nations stage walk-out</span> </span> </a> </h2> <div class="u-meta card__meta card__meta-stacked--m " data-test="card-meta"> <div class="card__meta-wrapper"> <span class="e-byline e-byline--non-opinion e-byline--premium " data-test="byline"> <span class="e-byline__meta"> <span class="e-byline__details-multiAuthors"> <a href="/authors/e/ep-et/ethan-croft/" class="e-byline__link" data-test="byline-link" rel="author"> <span class="e-byline__author" data-test="author-name">Ethan Croft</span> </a> </span> </span> </span> <time class="card__date" datetime="2024-11-23T23:50:08.040Z">23 Nov 2024, 11:50pm</time> </div> </div>  </div> <div class="card__thumbnail u-order-first card__thumbnail--landscape"> <figure class="card__figure"> <picture class=" "> <source srcset="/content/dam/world-news/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402833477_17323814504590_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqRo0U4xU-30oDveS4pXV-Vv4Xpit_DMGvdp2n7FDd82k.jpeg?imwidth=320" media="( min-width: 1280px )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/world-news/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402833477_17323814504590_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqRo0U4xU-30oDveS4pXV-Vv4Xpit_DMGvdp2n7FDd82k.jpeg?imwidth=210" media="( min-width: 1024px )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/world-news/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402833477_17323814504590_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqRo0U4xU-30oDveS4pXV-Vv4Xpit_DMGvdp2n7FDd82k.jpeg?imwidth=320" media="( min-width: 768px )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/world-news/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402833477_17323814504590_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqRo0U4xU-30oDveS4pXV-Vv4Xpit_DMGvdp2n7FDd82k.jpeg?imwidth=320&imdensity=2" media="( min-width: 350px ) and ( -webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2 )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/world-news/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402833477_17323814504590_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqRo0U4xU-30oDveS4pXV-Vv4Xpit_DMGvdp2n7FDd82k.jpeg?imwidth=320" media="( min-width: 350px )"/> <img src="/content/dam/world-news/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402833477_17323814504590_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqRo0U4xU-30oDveS4pXV-Vv4Xpit_DMGvdp2n7FDd82k.jpeg?imwidth=350" loading="lazy" alt="A delegate at Cop29 - Cop29 on verge of collapse as small nations walk out in row over cash" data-test="card-image" width="25000000" height="15669800"/> </picture> </figure> </div> </article> </li> <li class="article-list__item article-list__item--1 six-col__item six-col__item--1 grid-col grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-md-2 grid-col-12 grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-3 "> <article data-test="card" data-track="" data-test-save="save-article-enabled" data-save-article-enabled="true" class="card u-clickable-area card--feature-switch card--not-opinion "> <div class="card__content " data-test="article-comment-content"> <h2 class="list-headline u-heading-7" data-track-wrapper="article-list More stories"> <a class="list-headline__link u-clickable-area__link" data-track-block data-test="list-headline-link" rel=" " href="/football/2024/11/23/everton-vs-brentford-match-report/"> <span class="u-heading-7 list-headline__text" data-test="headline"> <span class=" ">Everton jeered off with Sean Dyche no wiser about his long-term future</span> </span> </a> </h2> <div class="u-meta card__meta card__meta-stacked--m " data-test="card-meta"> <div class="card__meta-wrapper"> <span class="e-byline e-byline--non-opinion " data-test="byline"> <span class="e-byline__meta"> <span class="e-byline__details-multiAuthors"> <a href="/authors/c/cf-cj/chris-bascombe/" class="e-byline__link" data-test="byline-link" rel="author"> <span class="e-byline__author" data-test="author-name">Chris Bascombe</span> </a> </span> </span> </span> <time class="card__date" datetime="2024-11-23T22:55:00.026Z">23 Nov 2024, 10:55pm</time> </div> </div>  </div> <div class="card__thumbnail u-order-first card__thumbnail--landscape"> <figure class="card__figure"> <picture class=" "> <source srcset="/content/dam/football/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402828386_17323819892180_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqKkzUGe8q7_A35DWV6BPUcXSTCLC3r8_kjmzj7JzMqMs.jpeg?imwidth=320" media="( min-width: 1280px )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/football/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402828386_17323819892180_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqKkzUGe8q7_A35DWV6BPUcXSTCLC3r8_kjmzj7JzMqMs.jpeg?imwidth=210" media="( min-width: 1024px )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/football/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402828386_17323819892180_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqKkzUGe8q7_A35DWV6BPUcXSTCLC3r8_kjmzj7JzMqMs.jpeg?imwidth=320" media="( min-width: 768px )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/football/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402828386_17323819892180_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqKkzUGe8q7_A35DWV6BPUcXSTCLC3r8_kjmzj7JzMqMs.jpeg?imwidth=320&imdensity=2" media="( min-width: 350px ) and ( -webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2 )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/football/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402828386_17323819892180_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqKkzUGe8q7_A35DWV6BPUcXSTCLC3r8_kjmzj7JzMqMs.jpeg?imwidth=320" media="( min-width: 350px )"/> <img src="/content/dam/football/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402828386_17323819892180_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqKkzUGe8q7_A35DWV6BPUcXSTCLC3r8_kjmzj7JzMqMs.jpeg?imwidth=350" loading="lazy" alt="Norgard red card challenge on Pickford" data-test="card-image" width="22450000" height="14030400"/> </picture> </figure> </div> </article> </li> <li class="article-list__item article-list__item--2 six-col__item six-col__item--2 grid-col grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-md-2 grid-col-12 grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-3 "> <article data-test="card" data-track="" data-test-save="save-article-enabled" data-save-article-enabled="true" class="card u-clickable-area card--feature-switch card--not-opinion "> <div class="card__content " data-test="article-comment-content"> <h2 class="list-headline u-heading-7" data-track-wrapper="article-list More stories"> <a class="list-headline__link u-clickable-area__link" data-track-block data-test="list-headline-link" rel=" " href="/rugby-union/0/autumn-internationals-2024-fixtures-nations-series-watch-tv/"> <span class="u-heading-7 list-headline__text" data-test="headline"> <span class=" ">Autumn Internationals 2024: Rugby fixtures, how to watch and England latest</span> </span> </a> </h2> <div class="u-meta card__meta card__meta-stacked--m " data-test="card-meta"> <div class="card__meta-wrapper"> <span class="e-byline e-byline--non-opinion " data-test="byline"> <span class="e-byline__meta"> <span class="e-byline__details-multiAuthors"> <a href="/authors/t/ta-te/telegraph-sport/" class="e-byline__link" data-test="byline-link" rel="author"> <span class="e-byline__author" data-test="author-name">Telegraph Sport</span> </a> </span> </span> </span> <time class="card__date" datetime="2024-11-23T22:46:31.794Z">23 Nov 2024, 10:46pm</time> </div> </div>  </div> <div class="card__thumbnail u-order-first card__thumbnail--landscape"> <figure class="card__figure"> <picture class=" "> <source srcset="/content/dam/rugby-union/2024/11/16/TELEMMGLPICT000402049593_17317877463120_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqRo0U4xU-30oDveS4pXV-Vv4Xpit_DMGvdp2n7FDd82k.jpeg?imwidth=320" media="( min-width: 1280px )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/rugby-union/2024/11/16/TELEMMGLPICT000402049593_17317877463120_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqRo0U4xU-30oDveS4pXV-Vv4Xpit_DMGvdp2n7FDd82k.jpeg?imwidth=210" media="( min-width: 1024px )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/rugby-union/2024/11/16/TELEMMGLPICT000402049593_17317877463120_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqRo0U4xU-30oDveS4pXV-Vv4Xpit_DMGvdp2n7FDd82k.jpeg?imwidth=320" media="( min-width: 768px )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/rugby-union/2024/11/16/TELEMMGLPICT000402049593_17317877463120_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqRo0U4xU-30oDveS4pXV-Vv4Xpit_DMGvdp2n7FDd82k.jpeg?imwidth=320&imdensity=2" media="( min-width: 350px ) and ( -webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2 )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/rugby-union/2024/11/16/TELEMMGLPICT000402049593_17317877463120_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqRo0U4xU-30oDveS4pXV-Vv4Xpit_DMGvdp2n7FDd82k.jpeg?imwidth=320" media="( min-width: 350px )"/> <img src="/content/dam/rugby-union/2024/11/16/TELEMMGLPICT000402049593_17317877463120_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqRo0U4xU-30oDveS4pXV-Vv4Xpit_DMGvdp2n7FDd82k.jpeg?imwidth=350" loading="lazy" alt="England look dejected" data-test="card-image" width="25000000" height="15679200"/> </picture> </figure> </div> </article> </li> <li class="article-list__item article-list__item--3 six-col__item six-col__item--3 grid-col grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-md-2 grid-col-12 grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-3 "> <article data-test="card" data-track="" data-test-save="save-article-enabled" data-save-article-enabled="true" class="card u-clickable-area card--feature-switch card--not-opinion "> <div class="card__content " data-test="article-comment-content"> <h2 class="list-headline u-heading-7" data-track-wrapper="article-list More stories"> <a class="list-headline__link u-clickable-area__link" data-track-block data-test="list-headline-link" rel=" " href="/football/2024/11/23/premier-league-live-scores-latest-3pm-updates-arsenal/"> <span class="u-heading-7 list-headline__text" data-test="headline"> <span class=" ">Martin Odegaard is Arsenal’s beating heart who can inspire tilt at title</span> </span> </a> </h2> <div class="u-meta card__meta card__meta-stacked--m " data-test="card-meta"> <div class="card__meta-wrapper"> <span class="e-byline e-byline--non-opinion " data-test="byline"> <span class="e-byline__meta"> <span class="e-byline__details-multiAuthors"> <a href="/authors/j/jk-jo/joel-mians/" class="e-byline__link" data-test="byline-link" rel="author"> <span class="e-byline__author" data-test="author-name">Joel Mians</span> </a> </span> </span> </span> <time class="card__date" datetime="2024-11-23T22:37:09.806Z">23 Nov 2024, 10:37pm</time> </div> </div>  </div> <div class="card__thumbnail u-order-first card__thumbnail--landscape"> <figure class="card__figure"> <picture class=" "> <source srcset="/content/dam/football/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402826016_17323830136150_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqHzt5U6vjY4aGCAT_SIRi2aSPcprYasQ4EcbSvgCoBk4.jpeg?imwidth=320" media="( min-width: 1280px )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/football/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402826016_17323830136150_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqHzt5U6vjY4aGCAT_SIRi2aSPcprYasQ4EcbSvgCoBk4.jpeg?imwidth=210" media="( min-width: 1024px )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/football/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402826016_17323830136150_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqHzt5U6vjY4aGCAT_SIRi2aSPcprYasQ4EcbSvgCoBk4.jpeg?imwidth=320" media="( min-width: 768px )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/football/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402826016_17323830136150_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqHzt5U6vjY4aGCAT_SIRi2aSPcprYasQ4EcbSvgCoBk4.jpeg?imwidth=320&imdensity=2" media="( min-width: 350px ) and ( -webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2 )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/football/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402826016_17323830136150_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqHzt5U6vjY4aGCAT_SIRi2aSPcprYasQ4EcbSvgCoBk4.jpeg?imwidth=320" media="( min-width: 350px )"/> <img src="/content/dam/football/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402826016_17323830136150_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqHzt5U6vjY4aGCAT_SIRi2aSPcprYasQ4EcbSvgCoBk4.jpeg?imwidth=350" loading="lazy" alt="Martin Odegaard raises his hands above his head and a 'come on' gesture" data-test="card-image" width="23095000" height="14447889"/> </picture> </figure> </div> </article> </li> <li class="article-list__item article-list__item--4 six-col__item six-col__item--4 grid-col grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-md-2 grid-col-12 grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-3 "> <article data-test="card" data-track="" data-test-save="save-article-enabled" data-save-article-enabled="true" class="card u-clickable-area card--feature-switch card--premium card--not-opinion "> <div class="card__content " data-test="article-comment-content"> <h2 class="list-headline list-headline--premium u-heading-7" data-track-wrapper="article-list More stories"> <a class="list-headline__link u-clickable-area__link" data-track-block data-test="list-headline-link" rel=" " href="/politics/2024/11/23/putin-ready-to-cripple-britain-in-cyber-war/"> <span class="u-heading-7 list-headline__text" data-test="headline"> <span class=" ">Putin ready to cripple Britain with cyber attacks, minister warns</span> </span> </a> </h2> <div class="u-meta card__meta card__meta-stacked--m " data-test="card-meta"> <div class="card__meta-wrapper"> <span class="e-byline e-byline--non-opinion e-byline--premium " data-test="byline"> <span class="e-byline__meta"> <span class="e-byline__details-multiAuthors"> <a href="/authors/c/ca-ce/camilla-turner/" class="e-byline__link" data-test="byline-link" rel="author"> <span class="e-byline__author" data-test="author-name">Camilla Turner</span> </a> </span> </span> </span> <time class="card__date" datetime="2024-11-23T22:30:00.000Z">23 Nov 2024, 10:30pm</time> </div> </div>  </div> <div class="card__thumbnail u-order-first card__thumbnail--landscape"> <figure class="card__figure"> <picture class=" "> <source srcset="/content/dam/politics/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402730120_17323860748190_trans_NvBQzQNjv4Bqxx-aMjhNEyvNcPOg7e3c1JgojZYlP8f0i9h2tPqCNsM.jpeg?imwidth=320" media="( min-width: 1280px )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/politics/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402730120_17323860748190_trans_NvBQzQNjv4Bqxx-aMjhNEyvNcPOg7e3c1JgojZYlP8f0i9h2tPqCNsM.jpeg?imwidth=210" media="( min-width: 1024px )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/politics/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402730120_17323860748190_trans_NvBQzQNjv4Bqxx-aMjhNEyvNcPOg7e3c1JgojZYlP8f0i9h2tPqCNsM.jpeg?imwidth=320" media="( min-width: 768px )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/politics/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402730120_17323860748190_trans_NvBQzQNjv4Bqxx-aMjhNEyvNcPOg7e3c1JgojZYlP8f0i9h2tPqCNsM.jpeg?imwidth=320&imdensity=2" media="( min-width: 350px ) and ( -webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2 )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/politics/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402730120_17323860748190_trans_NvBQzQNjv4Bqxx-aMjhNEyvNcPOg7e3c1JgojZYlP8f0i9h2tPqCNsM.jpeg?imwidth=320" media="( min-width: 350px )"/> <img src="/content/dam/politics/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402730120_17323860748190_trans_NvBQzQNjv4Bqxx-aMjhNEyvNcPOg7e3c1JgojZYlP8f0i9h2tPqCNsM.jpeg?imwidth=350" loading="lazy" alt="The warning comes days after Vladimir Putin said that his military could target the UK in response to Ukraine's use of Storm Shadow missiles" data-test="card-image" width="25000000" height="15593600"/> </picture> </figure> </div> </article> </li> <li class="article-list__item article-list__item--5 six-col__item six-col__item--5 grid-col grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-md-2 grid-col-12 grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-3 "> <article data-test="card" data-track="" data-test-save="save-article-enabled" data-save-article-enabled="true" class="card u-clickable-area card--feature-switch card--not-opinion "> <div class="card__content " data-test="article-comment-content"> <h2 class="list-headline u-heading-7" data-track-wrapper="article-list More stories"> <a class="list-headline__link u-clickable-area__link" data-track-block data-test="list-headline-link" rel=" " href="/rugby-union/2024/11/23/italy-v-new-zealand-live-score-latest-autumn-nations-series/"> <span class="u-heading-7 list-headline__text" data-test="headline"> <span class=" ">New Zealand give Cane and Perenara winning send-off against Italy – but are far from convincing</span> </span> </a> </h2> <div class="u-meta card__meta card__meta-stacked--m " data-test="card-meta"> <div class="card__meta-wrapper"> <span class="e-byline e-byline--non-opinion " data-test="byline"> <span class="e-byline__meta"> <span class="e-byline__details-multiAuthors"> <a href="/authors/k/kf-kj/kieran-crichard/" class="e-byline__link" data-test="byline-link" rel="author"> <span class="e-byline__author" data-test="author-name">Kieran Crichard</span> </a> </span> </span> </span> <time class="card__date" datetime="2024-11-23T22:25:02.177Z">23 Nov 2024, 10:25pm</time> </div> </div>  </div> <div class="card__thumbnail u-order-first card__thumbnail--landscape"> <figure class="card__figure"> <picture class=" "> <source srcset="/content/dam/rugby-union/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402882658_17323995512590_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqAiJQrZkdRSYRHeCDHXkbf61UDbDdk-JPjedL466dDsg.jpeg?imwidth=320" media="( min-width: 1280px )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/rugby-union/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402882658_17323995512590_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqAiJQrZkdRSYRHeCDHXkbf61UDbDdk-JPjedL466dDsg.jpeg?imwidth=210" media="( min-width: 1024px )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/rugby-union/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402882658_17323995512590_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqAiJQrZkdRSYRHeCDHXkbf61UDbDdk-JPjedL466dDsg.jpeg?imwidth=320" media="( min-width: 768px )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/rugby-union/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402882658_17323995512590_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqAiJQrZkdRSYRHeCDHXkbf61UDbDdk-JPjedL466dDsg.jpeg?imwidth=320&imdensity=2" media="( min-width: 350px ) and ( -webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2 )"/> <source srcset="/content/dam/rugby-union/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402882658_17323995512590_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqAiJQrZkdRSYRHeCDHXkbf61UDbDdk-JPjedL466dDsg.jpeg?imwidth=320" media="( min-width: 350px )"/> <img src="/content/dam/rugby-union/2024/11/23/TELEMMGLPICT000402882658_17323995512590_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqAiJQrZkdRSYRHeCDHXkbf61UDbDdk-JPjedL466dDsg.jpeg?imwidth=350" loading="lazy" alt="Sam Cane salutes the crowd on his final appearance for the All Blacks" data-test="card-image" width="25000000" height="15568200"/> </picture> </figure> </div> </article> </li> </ul> </section> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <footer class="site-footer" data-test="site-footer"> <div class="site-footer__container site-footer__container--top"> <div class="site-footer__masthead" data-track-wrapper="bottom_logo"> <div class="site-footer__logo-wrapper"> <a href="/" class="site-footer__logo-link" data-track-img data-test="site-footer-logo-link"> <svg class="site-footer__logo" viewbox="0 0 320 52" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-test="site-footer-logo"> <title id="site-footer-logo-title">The Telegraph</title><use xlink:href="#site-logo" /> </svg></a> </div> <div class="site-footer__back-to-top"> <a href="#navigation" class="site-footer__back-to-top-link" data-back-to-top-event data-test="site-footer-back-to-top"> <span class="site-footer__back-to-top-text">Back to top</span> <svg class="site-footer__back-to-top-icon tmg-svg-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 10 5"> <path d="M.312 0L5 2.353 9.687 0 10 .294 5 5 0 .294.312 0z" /> </svg></a> </div> <div class="site-footer__social" data-test="site-footer-social"> <span class="site-footer__social-description">Follow us on:</span> <ul class="site-footer__social-links" data-test="social-links"> <li class="site-footer__social-item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/TELEGRAPH.CO.UK/" class="site-footer__social-link" data-test="social-link-facebook" aria-label="Visit our Facebook page" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 20 20" class="site-footer__social-icon"> <title>Facebook icon</title><path d="M11.1973 18V10.7122H13.5654L13.9202 7.85967H11.1973V6.04325C11.1973 5.21877 11.4173 4.65746 12.5561 4.65746H14V2.11226C13.7481 2.07729 12.8878 2 11.8856 2C9.79246 2 8.3592 3.32505 8.3592 5.75983V7.85967H6V10.7122H8.3592V18H11.1973Z" /> </svg></a></li> <li class="site-footer__social-item"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/telegraph/" class="site-footer__social-link" data-test="social-link-instagram" aria-label="Visit our Instagram page" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 20 20" class="site-footer__social-icon"> <title>Instagram icon</title><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M9.99683 3.44156C12.1333 3.44156 12.3841 3.45108 13.2286 3.48918C14.0095 3.52411 14.4317 3.6543 14.7143 3.76543C15.0889 3.91149 15.3556 4.08295 15.6349 4.36237C15.9143 4.64179 16.0889 4.90851 16.2317 5.28319C16.3397 5.56579 16.473 5.98809 16.5079 6.7692C16.546 7.61381 16.5556 7.86466 16.5556 10.0016C16.5556 12.1385 16.546 12.3894 16.5079 13.234C16.473 14.0151 16.3429 14.4374 16.2317 14.72C16.0857 15.0947 15.9143 15.3614 15.6349 15.6408C15.3556 15.9202 15.0889 16.0949 14.7143 16.2377C14.4317 16.3457 14.0095 16.4791 13.2286 16.514C12.3841 16.5521 12.1333 16.5616 9.99683 16.5616C7.86032 16.5616 7.60952 16.5521 6.76508 16.514C5.98413 16.4791 5.56191 16.3489 5.27937 16.2377C4.90476 16.0917 4.6381 15.9202 4.35873 15.6408C4.07937 15.3614 3.90476 15.0947 3.7619 14.72C3.65397 14.4374 3.52064 14.0151 3.48571 13.234C3.44762 12.3894 3.4381 12.1385 3.4381 10.0016C3.4381 7.86466 3.44762 7.61381 3.48571 6.7692C3.52064 5.98809 3.65079 5.56579 3.7619 5.28319C3.90794 4.90851 4.07937 4.64179 4.35873 4.36237C4.6381 4.08295 4.90476 3.90832 5.27937 3.76543C5.56191 3.65747 5.98413 3.52411 6.76508 3.48918C7.60952 3.44791 7.86349 3.44156 9.99683 3.44156ZM9.99683 2C7.8254 2 7.55238 2.00953 6.69841 2.04763C5.84762 2.08573 5.26667 2.22227 4.75873 2.41913C4.23175 2.62235 3.7873 2.89859 3.34286 3.34312C2.89841 3.78766 2.6254 4.23536 2.41905 4.75928C2.22222 5.26732 2.08571 5.84838 2.04762 6.70252C2.00952 7.55348 2 7.82655 2 9.99841C2 12.1703 2.00952 12.4433 2.04762 13.2975C2.08571 14.1484 2.22222 14.7295 2.41905 15.2407C2.62222 15.7678 2.89841 16.2123 3.34286 16.6569C3.7873 17.1014 4.23492 17.3745 4.75873 17.5809C5.26667 17.7777 5.84762 17.9143 6.70159 17.9524C7.55556 17.9905 7.8254 18 10 18C12.1746 18 12.4444 17.9905 13.2984 17.9524C14.1492 17.9143 14.7302 17.7777 15.2413 17.5809C15.7683 17.3777 16.2127 17.1014 16.6571 16.6569C17.1016 16.2123 17.3746 15.7646 17.581 15.2407C17.7778 14.7327 17.9143 14.1516 17.9524 13.2975C17.9905 12.4433 18 12.1734 18 9.99841C18 7.82338 17.9905 7.55348 17.9524 6.69935C17.9143 5.84838 17.7778 5.26732 17.581 4.7561C17.3778 4.22901 17.1016 3.78448 16.6571 3.33995C16.2127 2.89542 15.7651 2.62235 15.2413 2.41596C14.7333 2.21909 14.1524 2.08256 13.2984 2.04445C12.4413 2.00953 12.1683 2 9.99683 2ZM9.99661 5.89313C7.72994 5.89313 5.88867 7.73159 5.88867 10.0019C5.88867 12.2722 7.72677 14.1106 9.99661 14.1106C12.2665 14.1106 14.1045 12.2722 14.1045 10.0019C14.1045 7.73159 12.2665 5.89313 9.99661 5.89313ZM9.99661 12.6659C8.52359 12.6659 7.32994 11.472 7.32994 9.9987C7.32994 8.5254 8.52359 7.33151 9.99661 7.33151C11.4696 7.33151 12.6633 8.5254 12.6633 9.9987C12.6633 11.472 11.4696 12.6659 9.99661 12.6659ZM15.2258 5.72778C15.2258 6.25738 14.7966 6.6867 14.2671 6.6867C13.7376 6.6867 13.3083 6.25738 13.3083 5.72778C13.3083 5.19818 13.7376 4.76886 14.2671 4.76886C14.7966 4.76886 15.2258 5.19818 15.2258 5.72778Z" /> </svg></a></li> <li class="site-footer__social-item"><a href="https://twitter.com/@Telegraph" class="site-footer__social-link" data-test="social-link-twitter" aria-label="Visit our Twitter page" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 20 20" class="site-footer__social-icon"> <title>X icon</title><path d="M11.4894 8.77491L17.3177 2H15.9366L10.8759 7.88256L6.83392 2H2.172L8.28424 10.8955L2.172 18H3.55319L8.89742 11.7878L13.166 18H17.828L11.4891 8.77491H11.4894ZM9.59768 10.9738L8.97839 10.0881L4.05086 3.03974H6.17229L10.1489 8.72795L10.7682 9.61374L15.9372 17.0075H13.8158L9.59768 10.9742V10.9738Z" /> </svg></a></li> <li class="site-footer__social-item"><a href="https://www.snapchat.com/discover/The_Telegraph/8148798159" class="site-footer__social-link" data-test="social-link-snapchat" aria-label="Visit our Snapchat page" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 20 20" class="site-footer__social-icon"> <title>Snapchat icon</title><path d="M17.9422 13.7043C17.8318 13.3971 17.6194 13.2311 17.3783 13.0983C17.3334 13.0734 17.2925 13.0485 17.2558 13.0319C17.1822 12.9946 17.1087 12.9572 17.0351 12.9198C16.2834 12.5131 15.695 12.0067 15.2905 11.4008C15.1761 11.2306 15.074 11.048 14.9923 10.8612C14.9555 10.7616 14.9596 10.7035 14.9841 10.6495C15.0086 10.608 15.0413 10.5748 15.0821 10.5458C15.2129 10.4586 15.3436 10.3715 15.4335 10.3134C15.5929 10.2054 15.7236 10.1224 15.8053 10.0643C16.1118 9.84436 16.3283 9.61193 16.4631 9.35045C16.6552 8.98521 16.6797 8.55772 16.5326 8.17172C16.3283 7.62386 15.8217 7.28768 15.2047 7.28768C15.074 7.28768 14.9473 7.30013 14.8166 7.32918C14.7839 7.33748 14.7471 7.34578 14.7144 7.35409C14.7185 6.98054 14.7103 6.58625 14.6777 6.19611C14.5633 4.83061 14.0893 4.11673 13.599 3.54812C13.2844 3.19118 12.9167 2.8882 12.5041 2.65162C11.7605 2.21997 10.9147 2 9.99542 2C9.07613 2 8.23447 2.21997 7.49087 2.65162C7.07821 2.8882 6.7105 3.19118 6.39589 3.54812C5.90561 4.11673 5.43575 4.83476 5.31726 6.19611C5.28458 6.58625 5.27641 6.98054 5.28049 7.35409C5.24781 7.34578 5.21512 7.33748 5.17835 7.32918C5.05169 7.30013 4.92095 7.28768 4.79429 7.28768C4.17735 7.28768 3.67072 7.62802 3.46643 8.17172C3.31934 8.55772 3.34386 8.98521 3.53589 9.35045C3.67072 9.61193 3.88726 9.84436 4.19369 10.0643C4.2754 10.1224 4.40206 10.2054 4.56549 10.3134C4.65129 10.3715 4.77795 10.4545 4.90461 10.5375C4.94955 10.5665 4.98632 10.6039 5.01492 10.6495C5.03943 10.7035 5.04352 10.7616 5.00266 10.8695C4.92095 11.0521 4.82289 11.2306 4.70849 11.3966C4.31218 11.986 3.74017 12.4882 3.01291 12.8908C2.62886 13.0983 2.22846 13.2353 2.05685 13.7043C1.9302 14.0571 2.01191 14.4555 2.33468 14.7959C2.45317 14.9204 2.59208 15.0283 2.74326 15.1113C3.05786 15.2856 3.39289 15.4226 3.74426 15.518C3.8178 15.5388 3.88317 15.5678 3.94446 15.6093C4.06295 15.7131 4.0466 15.8708 4.20186 16.1032C4.27949 16.2236 4.38163 16.3274 4.49603 16.4104C4.82698 16.6428 5.19878 16.6553 5.59101 16.6719C5.94647 16.6843 6.34687 16.7009 6.80855 16.8545C7.00058 16.9167 7.1967 17.0412 7.4255 17.1865C7.97707 17.531 8.72884 18 9.99133 18C11.2538 18 12.0097 17.5268 12.5653 17.1824C12.7941 17.0412 12.9903 16.9167 13.1741 16.8545C13.6317 16.7009 14.0362 16.6843 14.3917 16.6719C14.7839 16.6553 15.1557 16.6428 15.4866 16.4104C15.6255 16.3108 15.7399 16.1863 15.8217 16.0368C15.9361 15.8418 15.932 15.7048 16.0382 15.6093C16.0954 15.5678 16.1608 15.5388 16.2262 15.5222C16.5775 15.4267 16.9207 15.2898 17.2394 15.1113C17.3988 15.0241 17.5458 14.9079 17.6684 14.7709L17.6725 14.7668C17.9912 14.4348 18.0688 14.0446 17.9422 13.7043ZM16.8227 14.3144C16.1404 14.6962 15.6827 14.6547 15.3314 14.8872C15.029 15.0822 15.2088 15.5056 14.9923 15.6591C14.7226 15.8459 13.93 15.6467 12.9085 15.9912C12.0628 16.2734 11.5276 17.0911 10.0077 17.0911C8.48779 17.0911 7.96481 16.2776 7.10681 15.9912C6.08538 15.6467 5.29275 15.8501 5.02309 15.6591C4.80655 15.5056 4.98223 15.0822 4.68398 14.8872C4.32852 14.6547 3.875 14.6962 3.19269 14.3144C2.75551 14.0695 3.00474 13.9201 3.14774 13.8495C5.62369 12.6335 6.02001 10.7533 6.03635 10.6122C6.05678 10.442 6.08129 10.3092 5.89744 10.139C5.72175 9.97302 4.93729 9.47912 4.71666 9.32555C4.35712 9.06822 4.19777 8.81505 4.31626 8.49961C4.39798 8.28379 4.59818 8.20078 4.80655 8.20078C4.87192 8.20078 4.93729 8.20908 5.00266 8.22153C5.39898 8.30869 5.78304 8.50791 6.00367 8.56602C6.03227 8.57432 6.05678 8.57847 6.08538 8.57847C6.20387 8.57847 6.24472 8.51621 6.23655 8.37925C6.21204 7.9393 6.15075 7.08431 6.22021 6.28327C6.31418 5.1834 6.66147 4.63554 7.07821 4.15409C7.27841 3.92166 8.21404 2.91725 10.0077 2.91725C11.8013 2.91725 12.7369 3.91751 12.9371 4.14994C13.3539 4.63139 13.7012 5.17925 13.7951 6.27912C13.8646 7.08016 13.8033 7.93515 13.7747 8.3751C13.7665 8.52036 13.8074 8.57432 13.9259 8.57432C13.9545 8.57432 13.979 8.57017 14.0076 8.56187C14.2282 8.50791 14.6123 8.30454 15.0086 8.21738C15.074 8.20078 15.1393 8.19663 15.2047 8.19663C15.4131 8.19663 15.6133 8.27964 15.695 8.49546C15.8135 8.81089 15.6541 9.06407 15.2946 9.3214C15.0781 9.47497 14.2936 9.96887 14.1138 10.1349C13.93 10.3051 13.9545 10.4379 13.9749 10.608C13.9913 10.7492 14.3876 12.6293 16.8635 13.8454C17.0106 13.916 17.2558 14.0695 16.8227 14.3144Z" /> </svg></a></li> <li class="site-footer__social-item"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/9053/" class="site-footer__social-link" data-test="social-link-linkedin" aria-label="Visit our LinkedIn page" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 20 20" class="site-footer__social-icon"> <title>LinkedIn icon</title><path d="M5.51774 18H2.22695V7.33333H5.51774V18ZM3.92907 5.85816C2.9078 5.85816 2 4.95035 2 3.92908C2 2.9078 2.9078 2 3.92907 2C4.95035 2 5.85815 2.9078 5.85815 3.92908C5.85815 4.95035 4.95035 5.85816 3.92907 5.85816ZM18 18H14.7092V12.7801C14.7092 11.5319 14.7092 9.94326 13.0071 9.94326C11.305 9.94326 10.9645 11.305 10.9645 12.6667V17.8865H7.67376V7.21986H10.8511V8.69504C11.5319 7.56028 12.6667 6.87943 14.0284 6.99291C17.4326 6.99291 18 9.14894 18 12.0993V18Z" /> </svg></a></li> <li class="site-footer__social-item"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCPgLNge0xqQHWM5B5EFH9Cg" class="site-footer__social-link" data-test="social-link-youtube" aria-label="Visit our YouTube page" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 20 20" class="site-footer__social-icon"> <title>YouTube icon</title><path d="M17.6636 6.07372C17.4818 5.37326 16.9364 4.82027 16.2455 4.62672C15 4.28571 10 4.28571 10 4.28571C10 4.28571 5 4.28571 3.74545 4.62672C3.05455 4.81105 2.51818 5.36405 2.32727 6.07372C2 7.34561 2 9.99999 2 9.99999C2 9.99999 2 12.6544 2.33636 13.9263C2.51818 14.6267 3.06364 15.1797 3.75455 15.3733C5 15.7143 10 15.7143 10 15.7143C10 15.7143 15 15.7143 16.2545 15.3733C16.9455 15.1889 17.4818 14.6359 17.6727 13.9263C18 12.6544 18 9.99999 18 9.99999C18 9.99999 18 7.34561 17.6636 6.07372Z" /> <path class="youtube-arrow" d="M8.36353 12.4141L12.5454 9.99937L8.36353 7.58463V12.4141Z" /> </svg></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site-footer__primary-content"> <div class="site-footer__container"> <nav class="site-footer__navigation"> <ul class="site-footer__navigation-list grid" data-track-wrapper="footer_nav" data-test="site-footer-navigation"> <li class="site-footer__navigation-item grid-col grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-lg-3"><a class="site-footer__navigation-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/customer/subsdigitaleditionapp/" data-track-txt>Download the Telegraph App</a></li> <li class="site-footer__navigation-item grid-col grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-lg-3"><a class="site-footer__navigation-link" href="/contact-us/" data-track-txt>Help Centre</a></li> <li class="site-footer__navigation-item grid-col grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-lg-3"><a class="site-footer__navigation-link" href="https://telegraphmediagroup.com/about-us/" data-track-txt>About us</a></li> <li class="site-footer__navigation-item grid-col grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-lg-3"><a class="site-footer__navigation-link" href="https://extra.telegraph.co.uk/" data-track-txt>Telegraph Extra</a></li> <li class="site-footer__navigation-item grid-col grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-lg-3"><a class="site-footer__navigation-link" href="https://telegraph.newsprints.co.uk/" data-track-txt>Reader Prints</a></li> <li class="site-footer__navigation-item grid-col grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-lg-3"><a class="site-footer__navigation-link" href="/branded-content/" data-track-txt>Branded Content</a></li> <li class="site-footer__navigation-item grid-col grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-lg-3"><a class="site-footer__navigation-link" href="/syndication/" data-track-txt>Syndication and Commissioning</a></li> <li class="site-footer__navigation-item grid-col grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-lg-3"><a class="site-footer__navigation-link" href="https://fantasyfootball.telegraph.co.uk/" data-track-txt>Fantasy Sport</a></li> <li class="site-footer__navigation-item grid-col grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-lg-3"><a class="site-footer__navigation-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/vouchercodes" data-track-txt>UK Voucher Codes</a></li> <li class="site-footer__navigation-item grid-col grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-lg-3"><a class="site-footer__navigation-link" href="/betting/free-bets/" data-track-txt>Betting Offers</a></li> <li class="site-footer__navigation-item grid-col grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-lg-3"><a class="site-footer__navigation-link" href="/about-us/press-acquisitions-limited-tax-strategy-financial-year-2022/" data-track-txt>Tax Strategy</a></li> <li class="site-footer__navigation-item grid-col grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-lg-3"><a class="site-footer__navigation-link" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/compare" data-track-txt>Broadband and Mobile Deals</a></li> <li class="site-footer__navigation-item grid-col grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-lg-3"><a class="site-footer__navigation-link" href="https://telegraph.co.uk/newsletters" data-track-txt>Newsletters</a></li> <li class="site-footer__navigation-item grid-col grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-lg-3"><a class="site-footer__navigation-link" href="/about-us/privacy-and-cookie-policy/" data-track-txt>Privacy</a></li> <li class="site-footer__navigation-item grid-col grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-lg-3"><a class="site-footer__navigation-link" href="/about-us/terms-and-conditions/" data-track-txt>Terms & Conditions</a></li> <li class="site-footer__navigation-item grid-col grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-lg-3"><a class="site-footer__navigation-link" href="/about-us/modern-slavery-statement/" data-track-txt>Modern Slavery</a></li> <li class="site-footer__navigation-item grid-col grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-lg-3"><a class="site-footer__navigation-link" href="/about-us/advertising-terms-and-conditions/" data-track-txt>Advertising terms</a></li> <li class="site-footer__navigation-item grid-col grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-lg-3"><a class="site-footer__navigation-link" href="/about-us/editorial-and-commercial-guidelines/" data-track-txt>Guidelines</a></li> <li class="site-footer__navigation-item grid-col grid-col-6 grid-col-sm-4 grid-col-lg-3"><a class="site-footer__navigation-link" href="https://www.chelseamagazines.com/" data-track-txt>The Chelsea Magazine Company</a></li> </ul> <div class="site-footer__navigation-text" data-test="site-footer-copyright"> © Telegraph Media Group Holdings Limited 2024 </div> </nav> </div> </div> </footer> <script type="text/javascript"> window.addEventListener( 'DOMContentLoaded', function() { _satellite.pageBottom(); }); </script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Search Icon