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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Tepe_Sofalin&params=35_18_58_N_51_44_06_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">35°18′58″N</span> <span class="longitude">51°44′06″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">35.31611°N 51.73500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">35.31611; 51.73500</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Archaeological site in Iran</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Tepe Sofalin</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:200px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:200px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:200px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Iran_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tepe Sofalin is located in Iran"><img alt="Tepe Sofalin is located in Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Iran_relief_location_map.jpg/200px-Iran_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Iran_relief_location_map.jpg/300px-Iran_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Iran_relief_location_map.jpg/400px-Iran_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1071" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:30.219%;left:40.171%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Tepe Sofalin"><img alt="Tepe Sofalin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/8px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/12px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/16px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Shown within Iran</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alternative name</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Tappeh Sofalin</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Tehran_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Tehran Province">Tehran Province</a>, Iran</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Tepe_Sofalin&params=35_18_58_N_51_44_06_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">35°18′58″N</span> <span class="longitude">51°44′06″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">35.31611°N 51.73500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">35.31611; 51.73500</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data category">settlement</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #eee;">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">Late 4th millennium BC</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Periods</th><td class="infobox-data">Late Chalcolithic, Early Bronze Age, Iron Age III</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #eee;">Site notes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Excavation dates</th><td class="infobox-data">2006-2007, 2017</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Archaeologists</th><td class="infobox-data">Morteza Hessari</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Condition</th><td class="infobox-data">Ruined</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ownership</th><td class="infobox-data">Public</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Public access</th><td class="infobox-data">Yes</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Tepe Sofalin</b> (also Tappeh Sofalin and Tape Sofalin) is an ancient Near Eastern archeological site on the Tehran Plain south of the <a href="/wiki/Alborz_Mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Alborz Mountains">Alborz Mountains</a> on the north-central plateau of Iran about 10 kilometers east of the modern city of <a href="/wiki/Varamin" title="Varamin">Varamin</a> and 35 kilometers southeast of the modern city of Tehran. It lies in the <a href="/wiki/Tehran_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Tehran Province">Tehran Province</a> of Iran. Sofalin means pottery shards in Persian. It was occupied from the Late Chalcolithic period until the Early Bronze period, during the Proto-Elamite Period (also referred to as Susa III), and again in the Iron III period. The site of Tape Shoghali is adjacent and the site of <a href="/wiki/Tepe_Hissar" title="Tepe Hissar">Tepe Hissar</a> is only a few kilometers away. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Archaeology">Archaeology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tepe_Sofalin&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Archaeology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Clay_accounting_tokens_Susa_Louvre_n2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Clay_accounting_tokens_Susa_Louvre_n2.jpg/220px-Clay_accounting_tokens_Susa_Louvre_n2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Clay_accounting_tokens_Susa_Louvre_n2.jpg/330px-Clay_accounting_tokens_Susa_Louvre_n2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Clay_accounting_tokens_Susa_Louvre_n2.jpg/440px-Clay_accounting_tokens_Susa_Louvre_n2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2450" data-file-height="2575" /></a><figcaption>Clay accounting tokens Susa</figcaption></figure> <p>The site covers an area 500 meters long and 400 meters wide with a height of 10 meters above the plain, established on a natural hill. Some looter holes are present on the surface. Tepe Sofalin was examined during the Tehran Plain Survey in 2004. It was excavated in two seasons from 2006 to 2007 by a Morteza Hessari led team of the Archaeological Service of Islamic Azad University of Varamin-Pishva.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the finds were inscribed clay tokens, twelve mostly fragmentary <a href="/wiki/Proto-Elamite_script" title="Proto-Elamite script">Proto-Elamite</a> tablets (one too poorly preserved to read), clay bullae, clay sealings, and blank tablets. Of the 11 readable tablets, one was found in Trench 2 and the rest in Trench 3. Numerous proto-literate clay tokens (spherical, conic, rectangular, triangular, biconvex, jugs and animorphic) were also found. Excavation work continued until 2011 though that work has been thinly published.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Proto-Elamite_tablet_with_transcription.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Proto-Elamite_tablet_with_transcription.jpg/260px-Proto-Elamite_tablet_with_transcription.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="377" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Proto-Elamite_tablet_with_transcription.jpg/390px-Proto-Elamite_tablet_with_transcription.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Proto-Elamite_tablet_with_transcription.jpg/520px-Proto-Elamite_tablet_with_transcription.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="1594" /></a><figcaption>Proto-Elamite tablet with transcription</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2017 another season of excavation was conducted by the Iranian Center for Archaeological Research and the <a href="/wiki/Freie_Universit%C3%A4t_Berlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Freie Universität Berlin">Freie Universität Berlin</a>. Five trenches were opened and an earlier trench extended. Clay sealings and tokens were found. Five samples were submitted for radiocarbon dating (OxCal 4.3, IntCal 13). The radiocarbon dates ranged from 3500 to 2900 BC (Late Uruk to Proto-Elamite).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A thirteenth Proto-Elamite tablet was recently recovered, largely complete. It has been suggested that it uses a numerical system not previously seen in the <a href="/wiki/Proto-Elamite_script" title="Proto-Elamite script">Proto-Elamite script</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of the residue in a Bevel Rim Bowl found beeswax.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several jar burials (of children) and pit graves from the <a href="/wiki/Proto-Elamite_(period)" title="Proto-Elamite (period)">Proto-Elamite period</a> have also been excavated and furnaces for the processing of silver uncovered.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tepe_Sofalin&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cuenco_de_borde_biselado_del_Per%C3%ADodo_de_Uruk_(Juzest%C3%A1n,_Ir%C3%A1n)_-_MARQ.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Cuenco_de_borde_biselado_del_Per%C3%ADodo_de_Uruk_%28Juzest%C3%A1n%2C_Ir%C3%A1n%29_-_MARQ.jpg/220px-Cuenco_de_borde_biselado_del_Per%C3%ADodo_de_Uruk_%28Juzest%C3%A1n%2C_Ir%C3%A1n%29_-_MARQ.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Cuenco_de_borde_biselado_del_Per%C3%ADodo_de_Uruk_%28Juzest%C3%A1n%2C_Ir%C3%A1n%29_-_MARQ.jpg/330px-Cuenco_de_borde_biselado_del_Per%C3%ADodo_de_Uruk_%28Juzest%C3%A1n%2C_Ir%C3%A1n%29_-_MARQ.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Cuenco_de_borde_biselado_del_Per%C3%ADodo_de_Uruk_%28Juzest%C3%A1n%2C_Ir%C3%A1n%29_-_MARQ.jpg/440px-Cuenco_de_borde_biselado_del_Per%C3%ADodo_de_Uruk_%28Juzest%C3%A1n%2C_Ir%C3%A1n%29_-_MARQ.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2534" /></a><figcaption>Beveled rim bowl of the Uruk Period</figcaption></figure> <p>Occupation began in the late 4th millennium BC (Late Chalcolithic) to early 3rd millennium BC (Early Bronze Age) periods then, after a period of abandonment occupation resumed until the Iron Age III period. In the early occupation ceramics and epigraphic remains from the <a href="/wiki/Proto-Elamite_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Elamite period">Proto-Elamite period</a> (equivalent to Susa III) were found as well as <a href="/wiki/Beveled_rim_bowl" title="Beveled rim bowl">Beveled Rimmed Bowls</a> of the Uruk period (equivalent to Susa II) type.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tepe_Sofalin&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cities_of_the_ancient_Near_East" class="mw-redirect" title="Cities of the ancient Near East">Cities of the ancient Near East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_the_ancient_Near_East" title="Chronology of the ancient Near East">Chronology of the ancient Near East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anshan_(Persia)" title="Anshan (Persia)">Anshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tepe_Yahya" title="Tepe Yahya">Tepe Yahya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tepe_Sialk" title="Tepe Sialk">Tepe Sialk</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tepe_Sofalin&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hessari, M., "First Preliminary Report on Excavations at Tape Sofalin, Pishwa", Unpublished Report (In Persian), Islamic Azad University Varamin-Pishwa Branch, 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hessari, M., "Second Preliminary Report on Excavations at Tape Sofalin, Pishwa", Unpublished Report (In Persian), Islamic Azad University Varamin-Pishwa Branch, 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hesari, M. and Akbari, H., "Gozâresh-e moghadamâti-e kavosh-e mohavateh bastani Sofalin, Pishva (Preliminary report on the excavations of the archaeological site of Sofalin, Pishva)", The 9th Annual Symposium on Iranian Archaeology, Archaeological reports 7, Research center for ICHHTO, Iranian center for archaeological research (ICAR), pp. 167-200, 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hessari, M., "The fourth preliminary report of Excavation at Tepe Sofalin (in Farsi)", Iranian Cultural Heritage, Tourism and handicraft Organization of Tehran Province, Volume2 (Plates and Illustrations, pp. 455-460, 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://ijas.usb.ac.ir/article_1058_b17ce2f76181a06a5bce196b9f75a2e2.pdf">[1]</a>Dahl. J. M. Hessari, and R. Yousefi Zoshk, "The Proto-Elamite Tablets from Tape Sofalin", Iranian Journal of Archaeological Studies 2 (1), pp. 57–73, 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://jarcs.ut.ac.ir/article_81253_b7f3bf7cdb04bd92cfd2cd76bad810dd.pdf">[2]</a>,Hessari, Morteza, Reinhard Bernbeck, and Susan Pollock, "A Brief Report on New Radiocarbon Dates from Tappeh Sofalin, Pishva, Iran", Journal of Archaeological Studies 12.4, pp. 47–57, 2021</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://nbsh.basu.ac.ir/article_5317_4f38737d07c2cdbe601302ce1867662c.pdf">[3]</a>Hessari, Morteza, and Rohollah Yousefi Zoshk, "A “New” Proto-Elamite Tablet with Unattested Numerical System from Tappeh Sofalin", pazhoheshha-ye Bastan shenasi Iran 13.37, pp. 149-159, 2023</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hessari, Morteza, "A New Lion-Human Stamp Seal Impression from Tappeh Sofalin, Central Iranian Plateau", Pearls, Politics and Pistachios, Essays in Anthropology and Memories on the Occasion of Susan Pollock's 65th Birthday, hrsg. v. Aydin Abar, 2021</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mayyas, A., et al., "Beeswax Preserved in a Late Chalcolithic Bevelled-Rim Bowl from the Tehran Plain, Iran", Iran, vol. 50, pp. 13–25, 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://eijh.modares.ac.ir/files/eijh/user_files_749497/aryamanesh_shahein-A--23488-15-0760134.pdf">[4]</a>Hessari, Morteza, and Sepideh Saeedi, "New Perspectives from the Proto-Elamite Horizon in the Center of the Iranian Plateau", The International Journal of Humanities, 24.4, pp. 33–42, 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://ijas.usb.ac.ir/article_466_d83da87a0f757ca18ba23c2f342014bc.pdf">[5]</a>Hessari, Morteza, "New evidence of the emergence of complex societies discovered on the Central Iranian Plateau", Iranian Journal of Archaeological Studies 1.2, pp. 35–48, 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hesari, Morteza, "Iron age’s Burials in Central Iranian Plateau Case Study: Tepe Sofalin, Pishva, Tehran Province", pazhoheshha-ye Bastan shenasi Iran 7.15, pp. 101-116, 2018</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tepe_Sofalin&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://jra-tabriziau.ir/files/site1/user_files_857ed8/maemami-A-10-39-3-2e9ef3c.pdf">[6]</a>Emami, Mohammadamin, and Morteza Hessari, "Application of Scanning Electron and Atomic Force Mode Microscopy on inscription from Proto-Elamite period in Tappeh Sofalin", Journal of Research on Archaeometry 6.1, pp. 33-46, 2020</li> <li>Hessari, Morteza, "A New Proto-Elamite Seal Impression from Tappeh Sofalin, Central Iranian Plateau", Übergangszeiten. Altorientalische Studien für Reinhard Dittmann anlässlich seines 65. Geburtstags, hrsg. v. Kai Kaniuth, Daniel Lau, Dirk Wicke (marru 1), pp. 131–136, 2018 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-96327-002-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-96327-002-4">978-3-96327-002-4</a></li> <li>Hesari, Morteza, "Explaning Some Animal Motifs of Proto-Elamite Seal Impressions from Tepe Sofalin, Pishva", Journal of Archaeological Studies 9.2, pp. 13-28, 2017</li> <li>Hessari, M., and R. Yusefi Zoshk, "Emergence of Pre-Governmental Institution in the Central Plateau of Iran: Ruling Lords in the Proto-Elamite Period at Pishva’s Tepe Sofalin", Journal of Archaeological Studies 1.2, pp. 1-22, 2009</li> <li>Hessari, Morteza, and Rouhollah Yosefi, "A Clay Bullae and Five Tablets From Tepe Sofalin, Rey Plain, Iran", Journal of Archaeology and Archaeometry 1.1, pp. 13-25, 2022</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://eijh.modares.ac.ir/article-27-2582-en.pdf">[7]</a>Hessari, Morteza, Ruhollah Yousefi Zoshk, and Kamaleddin Niknami, "Animal Symbolism in Proto-Elamite Period: Serpent, Turtle and Feline in Tapeh Sofalin", The International Journal of Humanities 22, pp. 17-33, 2015</li> <li>Hessari, Morteza, "Glyptic Art and Seal Function in Proto Elamite Period at Tepe Sofalin (in Farsi)", Iranian Center for Archaeological Research, Archaeological Reports 10, pp. 345-370, 2010</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/50801/9789088908217.pdf?sequence=1#page=425">[8]</a>Zoshk, Rouhollah Yousefi, Saeed Baghizadeh, and Donya Etemadifar, "The gender division of labour during the proto-Elamite period in late 4th millennium BCE Iran. A case study from Tepe Sofalin in Iranian Central Plateau", GENDER TRANSFORMATIONS, pp. 423-434, 2010 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-8890-822-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-8890-822-4">978-90-8890-822-4</a></li> <li>Yousefi, R., and M. Hessari, "The Numerical Tablets From Tepe Sofalin", Archaeological Congress, Islamic Azad University of Varamin-Pisheva, 2008</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tepe_Sofalin&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cdli.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/search?provenience=sofalin">Proto-Elamite tablets found at Tepe Sofalin - CDLI</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tepe_Sofalin&oldid=1227968325">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tepe_Sofalin&oldid=1227968325</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Archaeological_sites_in_Iran" title="Category:Archaeological sites in Iran">Archaeological sites in Iran</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 8 June 2024, at 19:31<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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