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Rod Blum - Wikipedia

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class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Economic issues and tax reform</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_issues_and_tax_reform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Government structure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Immigration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Immigration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Immigration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Immigration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Abortion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abortion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Abortion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abortion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Drug_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drug_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Drug policy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Drug_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-LGBT_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#LGBT_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>LGBT issues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-LGBT_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-President_Donald_Trump" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#President_Donald_Trump"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.9</span> <span>President Donald Trump</span> </div> </a> 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id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rod Blum</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85" title="رود بلوم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="رود بلوم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod_Blum" title="Rod Blum – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rod Blum" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod_Blum" title="Rod Blum – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rod Blum" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod_Blum" title="Rod Blum – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rod Blum" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85" title="رود بلوم – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="رود بلوم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod_Blum" title="Rod Blum – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rod Blum" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod_Blum" title="Rod Blum – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Rod Blum" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%91%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Род Блам – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Род Блам" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86" title="羅德·布拉姆 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="羅德·布拉姆" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American politician (born 1955)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Rod Blum</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Rod_Blum_114th_congress_photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Rod_Blum_114th_congress_photo.jpg/220px-Rod_Blum_114th_congress_photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Rod_Blum_114th_congress_photo.jpg/330px-Rod_Blum_114th_congress_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Rod_Blum_114th_congress_photo.jpg/440px-Rod_Blum_114th_congress_photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1174" data-file-height="1764" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S.&#32;House&#32;of&#32;Representatives</a></span><br />from <a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a>'s <span data-sort-value="Iowa01&#160;!"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Iowa&#39;s 1st congressional district">1st</a></span> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 2015&#160;–&#32;January 3, 2019</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Braley" title="Bruce Braley">Bruce Braley</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Abby_Finkenauer" title="Abby Finkenauer">Abby Finkenauer</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Rodney Leland Blum</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1955-04-26</span>) </span>April 26, 1955<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&#160;69)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Dubuque,_Iowa" title="Dubuque, Iowa">Dubuque, Iowa</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Karen Blum</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">5</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Loras_College" title="Loras College">Loras College</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_Dubuque" title="University of Dubuque">University of Dubuque</a> (<a href="/wiki/Master_of_Business_Administration" title="Master of Business Administration">MBA</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Rodney Leland Blum</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="&#39;b&#39; in &#39;buy&#39;">b</span><span title="&#39;l&#39; in &#39;lie&#39;">l</span><span title="/ʌ/: &#39;u&#39; in &#39;cut&#39;">ʌ</span><span title="&#39;m&#39; in &#39;my&#39;">m</span></span>/</a></span></span>; born April 26, 1955) is an American businessman and politician who served as the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. representative</a> for <a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Iowa&#39;s 1st congressional district">Iowa's 1st congressional district</a> from 2015 to 2019. A member of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a>, he was first elected in <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Iowa,_2014" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa, 2014">2014</a> and won a second term in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Iowa,_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa, 2016">2016 elections</a>. </p><p>Bloom has described himself as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_movement" title="Tea Party movement">Tea Party movement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Iowa" title="2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa">2018</a>, he was defeated for reelection by <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrat</a> <a href="/wiki/Abby_Finkenauer" title="Abby Finkenauer">Abby Finkenauer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Blum attended <a href="/wiki/Loras_College" title="Loras College">Loras College</a>, where he earned a degree in finance, and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dubuque" title="University of Dubuque">University of Dubuque</a>, where he earned a master's degree in business administration. </p><p>Blum is the former CEO of Eagle Point Software (1990–2000). He has owned Digital Canal, a software company, since 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-iowarepub_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iowarepub-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Blum served as Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Dubuque_County,_Iowa" title="Dubuque County, Iowa">Dubuque County</a> Republican Party from 1995 to 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U.S._House_of_Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: U.S. House of Representatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elections">Elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2014">2014</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: 2014"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2014_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Iowa#District_1" title="2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa">2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa §&#160;District 1</a></div> <p>After winning the Republican primary in June 2014, Blum defeated Democratic state representative <a href="/wiki/Pat_Murphy_(Iowa_politician)" title="Pat Murphy (Iowa politician)">Pat Murphy</a> with 51% of the vote in the November 4, 2014, general election. This was considered a surprise Republican victory, as the seat had a D+5 Cook <a href="/wiki/PVI_Score" class="mw-redirect" title="PVI Score">PVI Score</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Blum succeeded Democrat <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Braley" title="Bruce Braley">Bruce Braley</a>, who vacated his U.S. House seat to run unsuccessfully for the U.S. Senate.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2016">2016</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: 2016"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Iowa%27s1stcongressionaldistrict2016electionresultsbycounty.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Iowa%27s1stcongressionaldistrict2016electionresultsbycounty.png/220px-Iowa%27s1stcongressionaldistrict2016electionresultsbycounty.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Iowa%27s1stcongressionaldistrict2016electionresultsbycounty.png/330px-Iowa%27s1stcongressionaldistrict2016electionresultsbycounty.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Iowa%27s1stcongressionaldistrict2016electionresultsbycounty.png/440px-Iowa%27s1stcongressionaldistrict2016electionresultsbycounty.png 2x" data-file-width="1548" data-file-height="771" /></a><figcaption>Map showing the results of the 2016 election in Iowa's First congressional district by county</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Iowa#District_1" title="2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa">2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa §&#160;District 1</a></div> <p>Blum ran for reelection in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-cahn_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cahn-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He was unopposed in the Republican primary. He faced Democrat <a href="/wiki/Monica_Vernon" title="Monica Vernon">Monica Vernon</a> in the general election.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Blum defeated Vernon with 54% of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2018">2018</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: 2018"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Iowa#District_1" title="2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa">2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa §&#160;District 1</a></div> <p>Blum was defeated in 2018 by state representative <a href="/wiki/Abby_Finkenauer" title="Abby Finkenauer">Abby Finkenauer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 51% to 46% </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Electoral_history">Electoral history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Electoral history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Iowa's 1st congressional district election (2018) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Abby Finkenauer </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>169,348 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>50.9% </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Rod Blum (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right">152,940 </td> <td style="text-align:right">46.0% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FED105;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Troy Hageman </td> <td style="text-align:right">10,228 </td> <td style="text-align:right">3.1% </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>332,516 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100.00% </b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #3333FF;"> </td> <td colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> <b>gain</b> from <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Iowa's 1st congressional district election (2016) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Rod Blum (incumbent) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>206,903 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>54% </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Monica Vernon </td> <td style="text-align:right">177,403 </td> <td style="text-align:right">46% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="width:2px;background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px">(<a href="/wiki/Write-in_candidate" title="Write-in candidate">Write-ins</a>) </td> <td class="fn">Others </td> <td style="text-align:right;">671 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>384,977 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100.00% </b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Iowa's 1st congressional district election (2014) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Rod Blum </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>145,383 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>51% </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Pat_Murphy_(Iowa_politician)" title="Pat Murphy (Iowa politician)">Pat Murphy</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">138,335 </td> <td style="text-align:right">49% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="width:2px;background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px">(<a href="/wiki/Write-in_candidate" title="Write-in candidate">Write-ins</a>) </td> <td class="fn">Others </td> <td style="text-align:right;">348 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.12% </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>284,066 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100.00% </b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #E81B23;"> </td> <td colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> <b>gain</b> from <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Committee_assignments">Committee assignments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: Committee assignments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Small_Business" title="United States House Committee on Small Business">Committee on Small Business</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Small_Business_Subcommittee_on_Agriculture,_Energy_and_Trade" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Small Business Subcommittee on Agriculture, Energy and Trade">Subcommittee on Agriculture, Energy and Trade</a> (chair)</li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Oversight_and_Government_Reform" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform">Committee on Oversight and Government Reform</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Oversight_Subcommittee_on_Information_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Oversight Subcommittee on Information Technology">Subcommittee on Information Technology</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Caucus_memberships">Caucus memberships</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: Caucus memberships"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Congressional Slovak Caucus<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>Congressional Term Limits Caucus<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Caucus" title="Freedom Caucus">Freedom Caucus</a><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Study_Committee" title="Republican Study Committee">Republican Study Committee</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_positions">Political positions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: Political positions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Blum describes himself as a "Tea Party Republican," and has said that "the Tea Party is what the Republican Party should have always been."<sup id="cite_ref-:10_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of October 2017, Blum had voted with the Republican Party in 90% of votes in the <a href="/wiki/115th_United_States_Congress" title="115th United States Congress">115th United States Congress</a> and voted in line with President Trump's position in 94% of the votes.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environment">Environment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: Environment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rod_Blum_official_congressional_photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Rod_Blum_official_congressional_photo.jpg/220px-Rod_Blum_official_congressional_photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Rod_Blum_official_congressional_photo.jpg/330px-Rod_Blum_official_congressional_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Rod_Blum_official_congressional_photo.jpg/440px-Rod_Blum_official_congressional_photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1306" data-file-height="1633" /></a><figcaption>Rod Blum during the <a href="/wiki/114th_United_States_Congress" title="114th United States Congress">114th Congress</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Blum has described himself as "skeptical" of the <a href="/wiki/Scientific_opinion_on_climate_change" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientific opinion on climate change">scientific consensus</a> that human activities are a primary contributor to <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He claimed that the scientific community used to support the conjecture of <a href="/wiki/Global_cooling" title="Global cooling">global cooling</a> and that "most scientists' paychecks come from the federal government, and so right away that makes me a bit skeptical."<sup id="cite_ref-:4_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Blum opposes federal regulation of greenhouse gas emissions.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of February 2017, he had a 3% score with the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Conservation_Voters" title="League of Conservation Voters">League of Conservation Voters</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (January 2018)">non-primary source needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health_care">Health care</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section: Health care"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Blum favored "fully repealing" the <a href="/wiki/Patient_Protection_and_Affordable_Care_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act">Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act</a> (Obamacare).<sup id="cite_ref-:2_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In 2017, Blum did not support the initial version of the <a href="/wiki/American_Health_Care_Act_of_2017" title="American Health Care Act of 2017">American Health Care Act of 2017</a>, the Republican Party's bill to repeal and replace Obamacare, saying that it "doesn't do enough to lower premiums for hardworking Americans".<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>On May 4, 2017, Blum voted to repeal the <a href="/wiki/Patient_Protection_and_Affordable_Care_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act">Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act</a> and pass the revised version of the American Health Care Act.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Blum said that the bill had been improved to his liking.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He described the bill as "Trumpcare" but also as "Obamacare 2.0" because "We've probably changed 10, 20 percent of the bill is all."<sup id="cite_ref-:6_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Blum said that "AHCA will stabilize the market, lower premiums for Iowans, increase choices, reduce taxes, and protect people who have pre-existing conditions."<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Asked why he voted for the legislation before the impact of the bill had been assessed by the nonpartisan <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Budget_Office" title="Congressional Budget Office">Congressional Budget Office</a>, Blum stated that there was an urgent need for a fix to Obamacare.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his town halls in May 2017, Blum falsely claimed that if the current version of AHCA became law that coverage would not change for those on <a href="/wiki/Medicaid" title="Medicaid">Medicaid</a>. He also told his constituents, "If you're getting your insurance through the group health care marketplace — your employer — nothing changes." This was found to be partly false when fact checked by <a href="/wiki/National_Public_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="National Public Radio">National Public Radio</a>, as whether someone's insurance would change under the GOP bill depends on whether an employer is based in and purchases its insurance in a state that gets a waiver.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Blum also said that AHCA would take care of the same people as the ACA; the <i>Telegraph Herald</i> wrote that under the AHCA, "Insurers still would be prohibited from setting premiums based on health status and denying coverage to someone with a pre-existing condition. However, those who do not maintain continuous coverage could be charged higher premiums for a pre-existing condition" and that states that seek waivers from the federal government would be allowed to charge older individuals up to five times as much as young people and to exempt insurers from a list of essential health benefits mandated by the ACA.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2017, Blum walked out of a local television interview after being asked why his staff was pre-screening constituents who planned to attend his town hall meetings.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economic_issues_and_tax_reform">Economic issues and tax reform</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section: Economic issues and tax reform"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Blum favored "a constitutional amendment to balance the budget and limit spending."<sup id="cite_ref-:4_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, Blum voted against legislation that would have averted a government shutdown.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Discussing the government shutdown, Blum said, "I think the Founding Fathers are smiling right now for the first time in a long time".<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2016, in light of a $2 billion redevelopment of D.C.'s Southwest waterfront, Blum said that Washington D.C. "needs a recession."<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Blum opposed a mandatory increase in the federal minimum wage.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_20-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Blum supported <a href="/wiki/Tax_reform" title="Tax reform">tax reform</a> and voted in favor of the <a href="/wiki/Tax_Cuts_and_Jobs_Act_of_2017" class="mw-redirect" title="Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017">Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Almukhtar_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Almukhtar-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> After the vote passed, Blum tweeted that "families...will see their take home pay increase."<sup id="cite_ref-V122117_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V122117-39"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Government_structure">Government structure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Edit section: Government structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Blum cast his first vote in Congress against <a href="/wiki/John_Boehner" title="John Boehner">John Boehner</a>'s speakership,<sup id="cite_ref-cahn_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cahn-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> saying, "I was elected by Iowans to stand up to the status quo in Washington, D.C., and I refuse to turn my back on them with my first vote... With congressional approval ratings at historic lows, it's time for our elected officials to listen to the people and rethink business as usual so we can move our country forward together."<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i>, Blum has "made it his central focus to change the way Congress treats itself by supporting efforts to strip away the trappings of elective office." Blum and Democrat <a href="/wiki/Beto_O%27Rourke" title="Beto O&#39;Rourke">Beto O'Rourke</a> started the Congressional Term Limits Caucus. He co-sponsored legislation to end lawmakers' access to first class travel and luxury car leases, he supports ending the congressional pension system, and he has introduced a bill to institute a lifetime ban on lawmakers ever becoming lobbyists.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, Blum returned $102,000 of his unspent 2015 office budget to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Treasury" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Treasury">United States Treasury</a> to help pay down the national debt. He did not confirm whether he planned to donate half of his congressional salary to charity, which he had pledged to do on his campaign website. Blum said: "I'm not saying I didn't. I very well may have. But it's not something I'm going to comment on."<sup id="cite_ref-:5_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Blum supported a constitutional amendment to enforce term limits for congressmen. When asked how many terms he was going to seek in an April 2015 interview, Blum responded, "I'm not going to term limit myself. I definitely believe in term limits, but I don't believe in unilaterally disarming...Do I see myself being in the House of Representatives 10 years from now? No, I don't."<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Immigration">Immigration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Edit section: Immigration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Blum supported President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>'s first 2017 <a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_13769" title="Executive Order 13769">executive order</a>. The order temporarily curtailed immigration from Iraq, Syria, Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, and Yemen until better screening methods are devised. Blum stated that "...The bottom line is they can't properly vet people coming from war-torn areas like Syria and Iraq. If we can't vet people properly, then we shouldn't be allowing them into our country. I'm supportive of that."<sup id="cite_ref-Blake1_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blake1-44"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abortion">Abortion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Edit section: Abortion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Blum opposed abortion.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He had voted to defund <a href="/wiki/Planned_Parenthood" title="Planned Parenthood">Planned Parenthood</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He supported creating a select committee to investigate <a href="/wiki/Planned_Parenthood_2015_undercover_videos_controversy" title="Planned Parenthood 2015 undercover videos controversy">Planned Parenthood for allegedly selling fetal tissue</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Drug_policy">Drug policy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Edit section: Drug policy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Blum has a "B" rating from <a href="/wiki/NORML" class="mw-redirect" title="NORML">NORML</a> for his voting history regarding <a href="/wiki/Cannabis" title="Cannabis">cannabis</a>-related causes. Blum supports veterans having access to medical marijuana if recommended by their <a href="/wiki/Veterans_Health_Administration" title="Veterans Health Administration">Veterans Health Administration</a> doctor and if it is legal for medicinal purposes in their state of residence. He has voted in favor of federally funded programs regarding medical marijuana research.<sup id="cite_ref-NORML_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NORML-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="LGBT_issues">LGBT issues</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="Edit section: LGBT issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Blum believes that same-sex marriage should be determined by states.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In 2016, he voted against an amendment aimed at upholding an executive order barring discrimination against LGBT employees by federal contractors.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="President_Donald_Trump">President Donald Trump</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="Edit section: President Donald Trump"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In February 2017, he voted against a resolution that would have directed the U.S. House to request ten years of Trump's tax returns, which would then have been reviewed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Ways_and_Means" title="United States House Committee on Ways and Means">House Ways and Means Committee</a> in a closed session.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Blum supported Trump's May 10, 2017, firing of FBI Director <a href="/wiki/James_Comey" title="James Comey">James Comey</a>, saying "it's probably time for Comey to go."<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The FBI was at the time conducting a criminal probe into possible ties between Trump associates and Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trade">Trade</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="Edit section: Trade"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In June 2018, amid a brewing trade war between the United States and China, Blum urged the Trump administration "to avoid a trade war".<sup id="cite_ref-:8_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-52"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In July 2018, Blum thanked Trump for "having political courage to renegotiate these trade deals."<sup id="cite_ref-:8_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-52"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Blum was born and raised in Dubuque, the son of Celeste M. (Van Der Meulen) and Wallace Lee Blum, a <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> veteran.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He resides in Dubuque with his wife, Karen, and their five children.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Blum was involved as a creditor to the parents of NHL player <a href="/wiki/Jack_Johnson_(ice_hockey)" title="Jack Johnson (ice hockey)">Jack Johnson</a>, who was bankrupted by the high rates of the loans his parents took out in his name.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Blum is an <a href="/wiki/Episcopalian" class="mw-redirect" title="Episcopalian">Episcopalian</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethics_inquiry">Ethics inquiry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="Edit section: Ethics inquiry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In February 2018, the <i><a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a></i> reported that Blum had "violated House ethics rules by failing to disclose his role in a company that he formed."<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Blum was listed as a director of internet marketing company Tin Moon Corp. when it was incorporated in May 2016. Tin Moon's address is listed in the same Dubuque office as a construction software company Blum owns, Digital Canal, and Blum's chief of staff was featured in online testimonials for Tin Moon. Blum said he made an oversight in failing to disclose his ties to the company on his personal financial disclosure, and that the company was "basically worth less than $1,000 and not doing business in 2016."<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In March 2018, Tin Moon removed Blum from its website.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2018, the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Congressional_Ethics" title="Office of Congressional Ethics">Office of Congressional Ethics</a> referred an ethics investigation case into Blum to the <a href="/wiki/House_Ethics_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="House Ethics Committee">House Ethics Committee</a>. The House Ethics Committee announced that it would release its findings prior to December 17, 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-60"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Blum described the inquiry into him as a "crusade of personal destruction" waged by the "radical left".<sup id="cite_ref-:9_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-60"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=23" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:10-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:10_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:10_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFEricson" class="citation news cs1">Ericson, Jon. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wcfcourier.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/rod-blum-thinks-economy-is-key/article_5fc849a0-a067-5427-9071-6d5c7acbbf23.html">"Rod Blum thinks economy is key"</a>. <i>Waterloo Cedar Falls Courier</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 26,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Waterloo+Cedar+Falls+Courier&amp;rft.atitle=Rod+Blum+thinks+economy+is+key&amp;rft.aulast=Ericson&amp;rft.aufirst=Jon&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwcfcourier.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fgovt-and-politics%2Frod-blum-thinks-economy-is-key%2Farticle_5fc849a0-a067-5427-9071-6d5c7acbbf23.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARod+Blum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:11-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:11_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:11_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/elections/results/iowa-house-district-1">"Iowa Election Results: First House District"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 20,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Iowa+Election+Results%3A+First+House+District&amp;rft.issn=0362-4331&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Felections%2Fresults%2Fiowa-house-district-1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARod+Blum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">DES (May 9, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/news/politics/2014/05/09/iowa-election-rod-blum-bio-issues/8924985/">"Iowa Election 2014"</a>. <i>Des Moines Register</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-iowarepub-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-iowarepub_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://theiowarepublican.com/2011/rod-blum-announces-campaign-for-congress-in-1st-cd/">"Rod Blum Announces Campaign for Congress in 1st CD | The Iowa Republican"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141105063915/http://theiowarepublican.com/2011/rod-blum-announces-campaign-for-congress-in-1st-cd/">Archived</a> November 5, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>theiowarepublican.com</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/news/politics/2014/05/09/iowa-election-rod-blum-bio-issues/8924985/">"Meet the Candidate: Iowa U.S. House 1st District: Rod Blum, Republican"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Des_Moines_Register" title="The Des Moines Register">The Des Moines Register</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Des+Moines+Register&amp;rft.atitle=Meet+the+Candidate%3A+Iowa+U.S.+House+1st+District%3A+Rod+Blum%2C+Republican&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.desmoinesregister.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2F2014%2F05%2F09%2Fiowa-election-rod-blum-bio-issues%2F8924985%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARod+Blum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/news/elections/2014/11/05/iowa-first-congressional-district-rod-blum-pat-murphy-election/18433935/">"Rod Blum wins 1st Congressional District race"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Des_Moines_Register" title="The Des Moines Register">The Des Moines Register</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Des+Moines+Register&amp;rft.atitle=Rod+Blum+wins+1st+Congressional+District+race&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.desmoinesregister.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Felections%2F2014%2F11%2F05%2Fiowa-first-congressional-district-rod-blum-pat-murphy-election%2F18433935%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARod+Blum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cookpolitical.com/application/writable/uploads/2012_PVI_by_District.pdf">"Cook PVI website"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Cook+PVI+website&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcookpolitical.com%2Fapplication%2Fwritable%2Fuploads%2F2012_PVI_by_District.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARod+Blum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/news/elections/2014/11/05/iowa-first-congressional-district-rod-blum-pat-murphy-election/18433935/">"Rod Blum wins 1st Congressional District race"</a>. <i>Des Moines Register</i>. November 5, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 23,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Des+Moines+Register&amp;rft.atitle=Rod+Blum+wins+1st+Congressional+District+race&amp;rft.date=2014-11-05&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.desmoinesregister.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Felections%2F2014%2F11%2F05%2Fiowa-first-congressional-district-rod-blum-pat-murphy-election%2F18433935%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARod+Blum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cahn-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cahn_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cahn_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCahn2015" class="citation news cs1">Cahn, Emily (June 12, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://atr.rollcall.com/blum-running-re-election-without-party-behind/">"Blum Says Others Will Support Him If Republicans Don't"</a>. Roll Call<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 23,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Blum+Says+Others+Will+Support+Him+If+Republicans+Don%27t&amp;rft.date=2015-06-12&amp;rft.aulast=Cahn&amp;rft.aufirst=Emily&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fatr.rollcall.com%2Fblum-running-re-election-without-party-behind%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARod+Blum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarton2016" class="citation news cs1">Barton, Thomas (June 8, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thonline.com/news/breaking/article_28c8a43e-6929-507f-88e2-ba374b11ff68.html">"After conceding, Murphy endorses Vernon in effort to unseat Blum"</a>. Telegraph Herald<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=After+conceding%2C+Murphy+endorses+Vernon+in+effort+to+unseat+Blum&amp;rft.date=2016-06-08&amp;rft.aulast=Barton&amp;rft.aufirst=Thomas&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thonline.com%2Fnews%2Fbreaking%2Farticle_28c8a43e-6929-507f-88e2-ba374b11ff68.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARod+Blum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/elections/results/iowa-house-district-1-blum-vernon">"Iowa U.S. House 1st District Results: Rod Blum Wins"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 15,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Company+linked+to+Iowa+congressman+scrubs+any+mention+of+him&amp;rft.date=2018-03-15&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcrg.com%2Fcontent%2Fnews%2FCompany-linked-to-Iowa-congressman-scrubs-any-mention-of-him-476965193.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARod+Blum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:9-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:9_60-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:9_60-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTully-McManus2018" class="citation news cs1">Tully-McManus, Katherine (September 4, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollcall.com/news/politics/vulnerable-rod-blum-house-ethics-inquiry">"Vulnerable Rod Blum Under House Ethics Inquiry"</a>. <i>Roll Call</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 5,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Roll+Call&amp;rft.atitle=Vulnerable+Rod+Blum+Under+House+Ethics+Inquiry&amp;rft.date=2018-09-04&amp;rft.aulast=Tully-McManus&amp;rft.aufirst=Katherine&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollcall.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fvulnerable-rod-blum-house-ethics-inquiry&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARod+Blum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_Blum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=24" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B001294">Biography</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H2IA01055">Financial information (federal office)</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission">Federal Election Commission</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/member/rod-blum/B001294">Legislation sponsored</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://justfacts.votesmart.org/candidate/135714">Profile</a> at <a href="/wiki/Vote_Smart" title="Vote Smart">Vote Smart</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/Rod_Blum">Rod Blum</a> at <a href="/wiki/Ballotpedia" title="Ballotpedia">Ballotpedia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?623771">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18684853#P2190" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded&#160;by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Braley" title="Bruce Braley">Bruce Braley</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member&#160;of&#160;the&#160;<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Iowa" title="List of United States representatives from Iowa">U.S.&#160;House&#160;of&#160;Representatives</a> <br />from <span data-sort-value="Iowa01&#160;!"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Iowa&#39;s 1st congressional district">Iowa's 1st congressional district</a></span> </b><br />2015–2019 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded&#160;by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Abby_Finkenauer" title="Abby Finkenauer">Abby Finkenauer</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">U.S. order of precedence</a> (ceremonial) </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded&#160;by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Blouin" title="Mike Blouin">Mike Blouin</a></div><i><b>as Former US Representative </b></i> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">Order of precedence of the United States</a><br /><i><span style="font-size:85%;">as Former US Representative</span></i> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded&#160;by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/David_Young_(Iowa_politician)" title="David Young (Iowa politician)">David Young</a></div><i><b>as Former US Representative </b></i> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_representatives_from_Iowa" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States representatives from Iowa"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_from_Iowa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Iowa#United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States congressional delegations from Iowa">Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Iowa</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Iowa&#39;s 1st congressional district">1st</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Thompson_(Iowa_politician)" title="William Thompson (Iowa politician)">W. Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_F._Miller" title="Daniel F. Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhart_Henn" title="Bernhart Henn">Henn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Hall" title="Augustus Hall">A. Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ryan_Curtis" title="Samuel Ryan Curtis">S. Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_F._Wilson" title="James F. Wilson">J. F. Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._McCrary" title="George W. McCrary">McCrary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Champlin_Stone" title="Joseph Champlin Stone">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_A._McCoid" title="Moses A. McCoid">McCoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benton_Jay_Hall" title="Benton Jay Hall">B. Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Gear" title="John H. Gear">Gear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Joseph_Seerley" class="mw-redirect" title="John Joseph Seerley">Seerley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Gear" title="John H. Gear">Gear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_M._Clark" title="Samuel M. Clark">S. Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hedge" title="Thomas Hedge">Hedge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Kennedy" title="Charles A. Kennedy">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Kopp" title="William F. Kopp">Kopp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_C._Eicher" title="Edward C. Eicher">Eicher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Martin" title="Thomas E. Martin">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Schwengel" title="Fred Schwengel">Schwengel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Schmidhauser" title="John R. Schmidhauser">Schmidhauser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Schwengel" title="Fred Schwengel">Schwengel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Mezvinsky" title="Edward Mezvinsky">Mezvinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Leach" title="Jim Leach">Leach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Nussle" title="Jim Nussle">Nussle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Braley" title="Bruce Braley">Braley</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Blum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abby_Finkenauer" title="Abby Finkenauer">Finkenauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashley_Hinson" title="Ashley Hinson">Hinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariannette_Miller-Meeks" title="Mariannette Miller-Meeks">Miller-Meeks</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="13" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></span></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Iowa.svg/100px-Flag_of_Iowa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Iowa.svg/150px-Flag_of_Iowa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Iowa.svg/200px-Flag_of_Iowa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="714" data-file-height="477" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Iowa&#39;s 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shepherd_Leffler" title="Shepherd Leffler">Leffler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Clark" title="Lincoln Clark">L. Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Parsons_Cook" title="John Parsons Cook">J. P. Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Thorington" title="James Thorington">Thorington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Davis_(Iowa_politician)" title="Timothy Davis (Iowa politician)">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Vandever" title="William Vandever">Vandever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Price" title="Hiram Price">Price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Smyth_(congressman)" title="William Smyth (congressman)">Smyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Wolf" title="William P. Wolf">W. Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aylett_R._Cotton" title="Aylett R. Cotton">Cotton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Q._Tufts" title="John Q. Tufts">Tufts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Price" title="Hiram Price">Price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewall_S._Farwell" title="Sewall S. Farwell">Farwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Henry_Murphy" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeremiah Henry Murphy">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_I._Hayes" title="Walter I. Hayes">Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Curtis_(Iowa_politician)" title="George M. Curtis (Iowa politician)">G. Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_R._Lane" title="Joseph R. Lane">Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_N._W._Rumple" title="John N. W. Rumple">Rumple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Joseph_Wade" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin Joseph Wade">Wade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_F._Dawson" title="Albert F. Dawson">Dawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irvin_S._Pepper" title="Irvin S. Pepper">Pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Vollmer" title="Henry Vollmer">Vollmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_E._Hull" title="Harry E. Hull">Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._Dickinson_Letts" title="F. Dickinson Letts">Letts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_M._Jacobsen" title="Bernhard M. Jacobsen">B. Jacobsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Jacobsen" title="William S. Jacobsen">W. Jacobsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_O._Talle" title="Henry O. Talle">Talle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_G._Wolf" title="Leonard G. Wolf">L. Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_E._Bromwell" title="James E. Bromwell">Bromwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Culver" title="John Culver">Culver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Blouin" title="Mike Blouin">Blouin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Tauke" title="Tom Tauke">Tauke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Nussle" title="Jim Nussle">Nussle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Leach" title="Jim Leach">Leach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Loebsack" title="Dave Loebsack">Loebsack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariannette_Miller-Meeks" title="Mariannette Miller-Meeks">Miller-Meeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashley_Hinson" title="Ashley Hinson">Hinson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Iowa&#39;s 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Allison" title="William B. Allison">Allison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_G._Donnan" title="William G. Donnan">Donnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Lester_Ainsworth" title="Lucien Lester Ainsworth">Ainsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Weld_Burdick" title="Theodore Weld Burdick">Burdick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Updegraff" title="Thomas Updegraff">Updegraff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_B._Henderson" title="David B. Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_P._Birdsall" title="Benjamin P. Birdsall">Birdsall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Pickett" title="Charles E. Pickett">Pickett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Connolly" title="Maurice Connolly">Connolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burton_E._Sweet" title="Burton E. Sweet">Sweet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._B._Robinson" title="Thomas J. B. Robinson">Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_C._Willford" title="Albert C. Willford">Willford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Gwynne" title="John W. Gwynne">Gwynne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._R._Gross" title="H. R. Gross">Gross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Grassley" title="Chuck Grassley">Grassley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._Cooper_Evans" title="T. Cooper Evans">Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_R._Nagle" title="David R. Nagle">Nagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Ross_Lightfoot" title="Jim Ross Lightfoot">Lightfoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Boswell" title="Leonard Boswell">Boswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Latham_(politician)" title="Tom Latham (politician)">Latham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Young_(Iowa_politician)" title="David Young (Iowa politician)">Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cindy_Axne" title="Cindy Axne">Axne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zach_Nunn" title="Zach Nunn">Nunn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Iowa&#39;s 4th congressional district">4th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Bushnell_Grinnell" class="mw-redirect" title="Josiah Bushnell Grinnell">Grinnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Loughridge" title="William Loughridge">Loughridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Miner_Walden" title="Madison Miner Walden">Walden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Otis_Pratt" title="Henry Otis Pratt">Pratt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Cobb_Deering" title="Nathaniel Cobb Deering">Deering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luman_Hamlin_Weller" title="Luman Hamlin Weller">Weller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Fuller" title="William E. Fuller">Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Henry_Sweney" title="Joseph Henry Sweney">Sweney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Halben_Butler" class="mw-redirect" title="Walter Halben Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Updegraff" title="Thomas Updegraff">Updegraff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_N._Haugen" title="Gilbert N. Haugen">Haugen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Biermann" title="Fred Biermann">Biermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_O._Talle" title="Henry O. Talle">Talle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_M._LeCompte" title="Karl M. LeCompte">LeCompte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_V._Carter" title="Steven V. Carter">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Kyl" title="John Henry Kyl">Kyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bert_Bandstra" title="Bert Bandstra">Bandstra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Kyl" title="John Henry Kyl">Kyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neal_Smith_(politician)" title="Neal Smith (politician)">N. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Ganske" title="Greg Ganske">Ganske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Latham_(politician)" title="Tom Latham (politician)">Latham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_King" title="Steve King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Feenstra" title="Randy Feenstra">Feenstra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Iowa&#39;s 5th congressional district">5th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Kasson" title="John A. Kasson">Kasson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenville_M._Dodge" title="Grenville M. Dodge">G. Dodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_W._Palmer" title="Francis W. Palmer">Palmer </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Wilson_(Secretary_of_Agriculture)" title="James Wilson (Secretary of Agriculture)">J. Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rush_Clark" title="Rush Clark">R. Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_George_Thompson" title="William George Thompson">W. G. Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Wilson_(Secretary_of_Agriculture)" title="James Wilson (Secretary of Agriculture)">J. Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_T._Frederick" title="Benjamin T. Frederick">Frederick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Kerr_(politician)" title="Daniel Kerr (politician)">Kerr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Taylor_Hamilton" title="John Taylor Hamilton">J. Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_G._Cousins" title="Robert G. Cousins">Cousins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_William_Good" class="mw-redirect" title="James William Good">Good</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrenus_Cole" title="Cyrenus Cole">Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Thurston" title="Lloyd Thurston">Thurston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_M._LeCompte" title="Karl M. LeCompte">LeCompte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Cunningham_(politician)" title="Paul Cunningham (politician)">Cunningham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neal_Smith_(politician)" title="Neal Smith (politician)">N. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Scherle" title="William J. Scherle">Scherle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Harkin" title="Tom Harkin">Harkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Ross_Lightfoot" title="Jim Ross Lightfoot">Lightfoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Grandy" title="Fred Grandy">Grandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Latham_(politician)" title="Tom Latham (politician)">Latham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_King" title="Steve King">King</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Iowa&#39;s 6th congressional district">6th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asahel_W._Hubbard" title="Asahel W. Hubbard">A. Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Pomeroy" title="Charles Pomeroy">Pomeroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Orr" title="Jackson Orr">Orr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Loughridge" title="William Loughridge">Loughridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezekiel_S._Sampson" title="Ezekiel S. Sampson">Sampson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Weaver" title="James B. Weaver">Weaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsena_E._Cutts" title="Marsena E. Cutts">Cutts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Cook" title="John C. Cook">J. C. Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsena_E._Cutts" title="Marsena E. Cutts">Cutts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Cook" title="John C. Cook">J. C. Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Weaver" title="James B. Weaver">Weaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Lacey" title="John F. Lacey">Lacey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Edward_White" title="Frederick Edward White">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Lacey" title="John F. Lacey">Lacey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_W._Hamilton_(politician)" title="Daniel W. Hamilton (politician)">D. Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_E._Kendall" title="Nathan E. Kendall">Kendall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanford_Kirkpatrick" title="Sanford Kirkpatrick">Kirkpatrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._William_Ramseyer" title="C. William Ramseyer">Ramseyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_C._Dowell" title="Cassius C. Dowell">Dowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Utterback" title="Hubert Utterback">Utterback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_C._Dowell" title="Cassius C. Dowell">Dowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_K._Goodwin" title="Robert K. Goodwin">Goodwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Cunningham_(politician)" title="Paul Cunningham (politician)">Cunningham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_C._Gilchrist" title="Fred C. Gilchrist">Gilchrist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_I._Dolliver" title="James I. Dolliver">J. I. Dolliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merwin_Coad" title="Merwin Coad">Coad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_B._Hoeven" title="Charles B. Hoeven">Hoeven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_L._Greigg" title="Stanley L. Greigg">Greigg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiley_Mayne" title="Wiley Mayne">Mayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkley_Bedell" title="Berkley Bedell">Bedell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Grandy" title="Fred Grandy">Grandy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Iowa&#39;s 7th congressional district">7th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Kasson" title="John A. Kasson">Kasson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_J._B._Cummings" title="Henry J. B. Cummings">Cummings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_H._Gillette" title="Edward H. Gillette">E. Gillette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Kasson" title="John A. Kasson">Kasson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Y._Smith" title="Hiram Y. Smith">H. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_H._Conger" title="Edwin H. Conger">Conger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_R._Hays" title="Edward R. Hays">Hays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._T._Hull" title="John A. T. Hull">Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_F._Prouty" title="Solomon F. Prouty">Prouty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_C._Dowell" title="Cassius C. Dowell">Dowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otha_Wearin" title="Otha Wearin">Wearin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_F._Jensen" title="Ben F. Jensen">Jensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Hansen" title="John R. Hansen">Hansen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Scherle" title="William J. Scherle">Scherle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Iowa&#39;s 8th congressional district">8th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_W._McDill" title="James W. McDill">McDill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Fletcher_Sapp" title="William Fletcher Sapp">Sapp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Peters_Hepburn" class="mw-redirect" title="William Peters Hepburn">Hepburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_R._Anderson" title="Albert R. Anderson">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Patton_Flick" class="mw-redirect" title="James Patton Flick">Flick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Peters_Hepburn" class="mw-redirect" title="William Peters Hepburn">Hepburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Darius_Jamieson" title="William Darius Jamieson">Jamieson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Mann_Towner" class="mw-redirect" title="Horace Mann Towner">Towner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Kinsman_Evans" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiram Kinsman Evans">Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Thurston" title="Lloyd Thurston">Thurston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_C._Gilchrist" title="Fred C. Gilchrist">Gilchrist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_B._Hoeven" title="Charles B. Hoeven">Hoeven</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="Iowa&#39;s 9th congressional district">9th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Orr" title="Jackson Orr">Orr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Addison_Oliver" title="S. Addison Oliver">Oliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_C._Carpenter" title="Cyrus C. Carpenter">Carpenter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Mills_Pusey" class="mw-redirect" title="William Henry Mills Pusey">Pusey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lyman" title="Joseph Lyman">Lyman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Rea_Reed" title="Joseph Rea Reed">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bowman_(Iowa_politician)" title="Thomas Bowman (Iowa politician)">Bowman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alva_L._Hager" title="Alva L. Hager">Hager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_McPherson" title="Smith McPherson">McPherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_I._Smith" title="Walter I. Smith">W. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_R._Green" title="William R. Green">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_W._Vincent" title="Earl W. Vincent">Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Edward_Swanson" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Edward Swanson">Swanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Gillette" title="Guy Gillette">G. Gillette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_F._Harrington" title="Vincent F. Harrington">Harrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_E._Narey" title="Harry E. Narey">Narey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_10th_congressional_district" title="Iowa&#39;s 10th congressional district">10th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adoniram_J._Holmes" title="Adoniram J. Holmes">Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_P._Dolliver" title="Jonathan P. Dolliver">J. P. Dolliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Perry_Conner" class="mw-redirect" title="James Perry Conner">Conner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_P._Woods" title="Frank P. Woods">Woods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._J._Dickinson" title="L. J. Dickinson">Dickinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_C._Gilchrist" title="Fred C. Gilchrist">Gilchrist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_11th_congressional_district" title="Iowa&#39;s 11th congressional district">11th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_S._Struble" title="Isaac S. Struble">Struble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_D._Perkins" title="George D. Perkins">Perkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot_Thomas" title="Lot Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbert_H._Hubbard" title="Elbert H. Hubbard">E. Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Cromwell_Scott" title="George Cromwell Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Steele" title="Thomas J. Steele">Steele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Cromwell_Scott" title="George Cromwell Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_D._Boies" title="William D. Boies">Boies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_H._Campbell" title="Ed H. Campbell">Campbell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="IowaAL&#160;!"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Iowa&#39;s at-large congressional district">AL</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Serranus_Clinton_Hastings" title="Serranus Clinton Hastings">Hastings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepherd_Leffler" title="Shepherd Leffler">Leffler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa_Territory" title="Iowa Territory">Terr</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_W._Chapman" title="William W. Chapman">Chapman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_C._Dodge" title="Augustus C. Dodge">A. Dodge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Iowa&amp;#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_114th–115th_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USCongRep-start" title="Template talk:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Iowa&amp;#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_114th–115th_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a>'s delegation(s) to the 114th–115th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congresses</a> <span class="nowrap">(ordered by seniority)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/114th_United_States_Congress" title="114th United States Congress">114th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Iowa" title="List of United States senators from Iowa">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Grassley" title="Chuck Grassley">C. Grassley</a>&#160;(R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joni_Ernst" title="Joni Ernst">J. Ernst</a>&#160;(R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Iowa" title="List of United States representatives from Iowa">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steve_King" title="Steve King">S. King</a>&#160;(R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dave_Loebsack" title="Dave Loebsack">D. Loebsack</a>&#160;(D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Blum</a>&#160;(R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/David_Young_(Iowa_politician)" title="David Young (Iowa politician)">D. Young</a>&#160;(R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/115th_United_States_Congress" title="115th United States Congress">115th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Iowa" title="List of United States senators from Iowa">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Grassley" title="Chuck Grassley">C. Grassley</a>&#160;(R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joni_Ernst" title="Joni Ernst">J. Ernst</a>&#160;(R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Iowa" title="List of United States representatives from Iowa">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steve_King" title="Steve King">S. King</a>&#160;(R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dave_Loebsack" title="Dave Loebsack">D. Loebsack</a>&#160;(D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Blum</a>&#160;(R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/David_Young_(Iowa_politician)" title="David Young (Iowa politician)">D. Young</a>&#160;(R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: People <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18684853#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B001294">US Congress</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐rpq2w Cached time: 20241122152220 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 1.267 seconds Real time usage: 1.635 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 13237/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 172736/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 14422/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 16/100 Expensive parser function count: 7/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 231728/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.664/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 13005118/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1472.670 1 -total 26.53% 390.645 1 Template:Reflist 25.67% 378.046 1 Template:Infobox_officeholder 17.07% 251.407 40 Template:Cite_news 10.12% 149.056 1 Template:Short_description 10.00% 147.287 17 Template:Infobox_officeholder/office 7.00% 103.113 1 Template:IARepresentatives 6.55% 96.407 1 Template:Navbox 6.54% 96.346 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age 5.91% 87.089 14 Template:Main_other --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:44279970-0!canonical and timestamp 20241122152220 and revision id 1252003793. 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