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<span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Toponym" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Toponym"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Toponym</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Toponym-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prehistory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prehistory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Prehistory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prehistory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-From_the_Neolithic_to_the_Christian_Reconquest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#From_the_Neolithic_to_the_Christian_Reconquest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>From the Neolithic to the Christian Reconquest</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-From_the_Neolithic_to_the_Christian_Reconquest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Burgundy_dynasty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Burgundy_dynasty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Burgundy dynasty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Burgundy_dynasty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1383–1385_Portuguese_interregnum_and_House_of_Aviz" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1383–1385_Portuguese_interregnum_and_House_of_Aviz"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>1383–1385 Portuguese interregnum and House of Aviz</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1383–1385_Portuguese_interregnum_and_House_of_Aviz-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Portuguese_succession_crisis_of_1580" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portuguese_succession_crisis_of_1580"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Portuguese succession crisis of 1580</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Portuguese_succession_crisis_of_1580-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iberian_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iberian_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Iberian Union</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iberian_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Braganza_Dynasty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Braganza_Dynasty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Braganza Dynasty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Braganza_Dynasty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-First_Portuguese_Republic,_Estado_Novo,_Third_Portuguese_Republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_Portuguese_Republic,_Estado_Novo,_Third_Portuguese_Republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>First Portuguese Republic, Estado Novo, Third Portuguese Republic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_Portuguese_Republic,_Estado_Novo,_Third_Portuguese_Republic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gastronomy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gastronomy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Gastronomy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gastronomy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Heritage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heritage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Heritage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heritage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recreational_and_sports_clubs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recreational_and_sports_clubs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Recreational and sports clubs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recreational_and_sports_clubs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parishes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parishes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Parishes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parishes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>International relations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Works cited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Guarda, Portugal</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 47 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">47 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda,_Portugal" title="Guarda, Portugal – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Guarda, Portugal" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="غوآردا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غوآردا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda_(Portugal)" title="Guarda (Portugal) – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Guarda (Portugal)" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda_(Portugal)" title="Guarda (Portugal) – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Guarda (Portugal)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda_(stad_in_Portugal)" title="Guarda (stad in Portugal) – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Guarda (stad in Portugal)" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda_(Portugal)" title="Guarda (Portugal) – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Guarda (Portugal)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda_(Portugal)" title="Guarda (Portugal) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Guarda (Portugal)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda_(munisipyo)" title="Guarda (munisipyo) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Guarda (munisipyo)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda_Kommune" title="Guarda Kommune – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Guarda Kommune" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda_(Portugal)" title="Guarda (Portugal) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Guarda (Portugal)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda_(Portugal)" title="Guarda (Portugal) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Guarda (Portugal)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda_(Portugalio)" title="Guarda (Portugalio) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Guarda (Portugalio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda_(Portugal)" title="Guarda (Portugal) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Guarda (Portugal)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="گوآردا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گوآردا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda" title="Guarda – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Guarda" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda,_Portugal" title="Guarda, Portugal – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Guarda, Portugal" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%95%84%EB%A5%B4%EB%8B%A4" title="구아르다 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="구아르다" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda,_Portugal" title="Guarda, Portugal – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Guarda, Portugal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda_(Portogallo)" title="Guarda (Portogallo) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Guarda (Portogallo)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%90_(%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90)" title="გუარდა (პორტუგალია) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გუარდა (პორტუგალია)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gvarda" title="Gvarda – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gvarda" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%90" title="გუარდა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გუარდა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="جوآردا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جوآردا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="گوئاردا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="گوئاردا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda,_Portugal" title="Guarda, Portugal – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Guarda, Portugal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda_(stad_in_Portugal)" title="Guarda (stad in Portugal) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Guarda (stad in Portugal)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%80" title="グアルダ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グアルダ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гуарда – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Гуарда" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda" title="Guarda – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Guarda" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda" title="Guarda – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Guarda" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda" title="Guarda – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Guarda" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda" title="Guarda – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Guarda" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гуарда – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гуарда" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda,_Portugal" title="Guarda, Portugal – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Guarda, Portugal" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda_(mesto)" title="Guarda (mesto) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Guarda (mesto)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4)" title="Гварда (град) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Гварда (град)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda_(Portugal)" title="Guarda (Portugal) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Guarda (Portugal)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda" title="Guarda – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Guarda" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda,_Portugal" title="Guarda, Portugal – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Guarda, Portugal" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гуарда – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Гуарда" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda" title="Guarda – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Guarda" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гуарда – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гуарда" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%8C_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%84" title="گواردا، پرتگال – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گواردا، پرتگال" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda,_B%E1%BB%93_%C4%90%C3%A0o_Nha" title="Guarda, Bồ Đào Nha – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Guarda, Bồ Đào Nha" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda_(Portug%C3%A4n)" title="Guarda (Portugän) – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Guarda (Portugän)" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda,_Portugal" title="Guarda, Portugal – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Guarda, Portugal" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%93%9C%E8%BE%BE" title="瓜达 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="瓜达" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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<div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Guarda,_Portugal&params=40_32_N_7_20_W_type:adm1st_region:PT_dim:100000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°32′N</span> <span class="longitude">7°20′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.533°N 7.333°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.533; -7.333</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda_Municipality,_Portugal&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Guarda Municipality, Portugal">Guarda Municipality, Portugal</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Municipality in the centre of Portugal</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Municipality in Centro, Portugal</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Guarda</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Portugal" title="Municipalities of Portugal">Municipality</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid white;width:280px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:2px 0 0 2px"><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Guarda,_Fiel_e_Forte_(33573842884)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Guarda%2C_Fiel_e_Forte_%2833573842884%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/280px-Guarda%2C_Fiel_e_Forte_%2833573842884%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Guarda%2C_Fiel_e_Forte_%2833573842884%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/420px-Guarda%2C_Fiel_e_Forte_%2833573842884%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Guarda%2C_Fiel_e_Forte_%2833573842884%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/560px-Guarda%2C_Fiel_e_Forte_%2833573842884%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3696" data-file-height="1503" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Guarda_Kathedrale_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Guarda_Kathedrale_%28cropped%29.jpg/139px-Guarda_Kathedrale_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="139" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Guarda_Kathedrale_%28cropped%29.jpg/209px-Guarda_Kathedrale_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Guarda_Kathedrale_%28cropped%29.jpg/278px-Guarda_Kathedrale_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4566" data-file-height="3039" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pa%C3%A7os_do_Concelho_003.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Pa%C3%A7os_do_Concelho_003.jpg/139px-Pa%C3%A7os_do_Concelho_003.jpg" decoding="async" width="139" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Pa%C3%A7os_do_Concelho_003.jpg/209px-Pa%C3%A7os_do_Concelho_003.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Pa%C3%A7os_do_Concelho_003.jpg/278px-Pa%C3%A7os_do_Concelho_003.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Igreja_e_Edif%C3%ADcio_da_Miseric%C3%B3rdia_da_Guarda_003_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Igreja_e_Edif%C3%ADcio_da_Miseric%C3%B3rdia_da_Guarda_003_%28cropped%29.jpg/92px-Igreja_e_Edif%C3%ADcio_da_Miseric%C3%B3rdia_da_Guarda_003_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Igreja_e_Edif%C3%ADcio_da_Miseric%C3%B3rdia_da_Guarda_003_%28cropped%29.jpg/138px-Igreja_e_Edif%C3%ADcio_da_Miseric%C3%B3rdia_da_Guarda_003_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Igreja_e_Edif%C3%ADcio_da_Miseric%C3%B3rdia_da_Guarda_003_%28cropped%29.jpg/184px-Igreja_e_Edif%C3%ADcio_da_Miseric%C3%B3rdia_da_Guarda_003_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2190" data-file-height="2958" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Statue_of_King_Sancho_1_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Statue_of_King_Sancho_1_-_panoramio.jpg/92px-Statue_of_King_Sancho_1_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Statue_of_King_Sancho_1_-_panoramio.jpg/138px-Statue_of_King_Sancho_1_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Statue_of_King_Sancho_1_-_panoramio.jpg/184px-Statue_of_King_Sancho_1_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1952" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Guarda_-_Portugal_(4420740058)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Guarda_-_Portugal_%284420740058%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/92px-Guarda_-_Portugal_%284420740058%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Guarda_-_Portugal_%284420740058%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/138px-Guarda_-_Portugal_%284420740058%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Guarda_-_Portugal_%284420740058%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/184px-Guarda_-_Portugal_%284420740058%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3765" data-file-height="4982" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption">View of Guarda, Cathedral, City hall, Church and Mercy Building, Statue of King Sancho I, Old arch</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pt-grd1.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Guarda"><img alt="Flag of Guarda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Pt-grd1.png/75px-Pt-grd1.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Pt-grd1.png/113px-Pt-grd1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Pt-grd1.png/150px-Pt-grd1.png 2x" data-file-width="261" data-file-height="347" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GRD.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Guarda"><img alt="Coat of arms of Guarda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/GRD.png/96px-GRD.png" decoding="async" width="96" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/GRD.png/143px-GRD.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/GRD.png/191px-GRD.png 2x" data-file-width="413" data-file-height="432" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:LocalGuarda.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/LocalGuarda.svg/218px-LocalGuarda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="218" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/LocalGuarda.svg/328px-LocalGuarda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/LocalGuarda.svg/437px-LocalGuarda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="366" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Guarda,_Portugal&params=40_32_N_7_20_W_type:adm1st_region:PT_dim:100000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°32′N</span> <span class="longitude">7°20′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.533°N 7.333°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.533; -7.333</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/NUTS_statistical_regions_of_Portugal" title="NUTS statistical regions of Portugal">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Central_Region,_Portugal" title="Central Region, Portugal">Centro</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Intermunicipal_communities_of_Portugal" title="Intermunicipal communities of Portugal">Intermunic. comm.</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Beiras_e_Serra_da_Estrela" title="Beiras e Serra da Estrela">Beiras e Serra da Estrela</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Portugal" title="Districts of Portugal">District</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Guarda_District" title="Guarda District">Guarda</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia">Parishes</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="#Parishes">43</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Municipal_Chamber" title="President of the Municipal Chamber">President</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Sérgio Costa</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">712.10 km<sup>2</sup> (274.94 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,056 m (3,465 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2021)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">40,126</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">56/km<sup>2</sup> (150/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B00:00" title="UTC+00:00">UTC+00:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_European_Time" title="Western European Time">WET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B01:00" title="UTC+01:00">UTC+01:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_European_Summer_Time" title="Western European Summer Time">WEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Portugal" title="Public holidays in Portugal">Local holiday</a></th><td class="infobox-data">November 27</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.mun-guarda.pt">http://www.mun-guarda.pt</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Guarda</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">European Portuguese pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pt-PT-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Portuguese" title="Help:IPA/Portuguese">[ˈɡwaɾðɐ]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/3\/31\/Pt-pt_Guarda_FF.ogg\/Pt-pt_Guarda_FF.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Pt-pt Guarda FF.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/Pt-pt_Guarda_FF.ogg/Pt-pt_Guarda_FF.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Pt-pt_Guarda_FF.ogg" title="File:Pt-pt Guarda FF.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>) is a city and a municipality in the <a href="/wiki/District_of_Guarda" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Guarda">District of Guarda</a> and the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Beiras_e_Serra_da_Estrela" title="Beiras e Serra da Estrela">Beiras e Serra da Estrela</a> sub-region in <a href="/wiki/Centro_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Centro Region">central</a> Portugal. The population in 2021 was 40,126,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in an area of 712.10 square kilometres (274.94 sq mi)<sup id="cite_ref-dgt_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dgt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with 31,224 inhabitants in the city proper in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-Portal_nacional_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Portal_nacional-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Founded by King <a href="/wiki/Sancho_I_of_Portugal" title="Sancho I of Portugal">Sancho I</a> in 1199,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Guarda is the city located at the highest altitude in Portugal (1,056 m (3,465 ft) <a href="/wiki/Height_above_sea_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Height above sea level">a.s.l.</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFonseca_Moretón2004442_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFonseca_Moretón2004442-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and one of the most important cities in the Portuguese region of <a href="/wiki/Beira_Alta_Province" title="Beira Alta Province">Beira Alta</a>. <a href="/wiki/Serra_da_Estrela" title="Serra da Estrela">Serra da Estrela</a>, the highest mountain range in continental Portugal, is partially located in the district. The city is served by national and international trains on the Beira Alta and Baixa railway lines. The present mayor is Sérgio Costa, as an independent. The municipal holiday is <a href="/wiki/November_27" title="November 27">November 27</a>. </p><p>Guarda is known as the "city of the five F's": <i>Farta</i>, <i>Forte</i>, <i>Fria</i>, <i>Fiel</i> e <i>Formosa</i> - abundant (or totally satisfied), strong, cold, loyal and beautiful.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The explanation of the five F's is as follows: </p> <ul><li>Farta (abundant), due to the fertility of the lands of the <a href="/wiki/Mondego_River" title="Mondego River">Mondego River</a> valley;</li> <li>Forte (strong), because the castle tower, the walls and its geographical location demonstrate its strength;</li> <li>Fria (cold), due to its proximity to <a href="/wiki/Serra_da_Estrela" title="Serra da Estrela">Serra da Estrela</a>;</li> <li>Fiel (loyal), because the Captain General of the Castle Guard, <a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Gil_Cabral" title="Álvaro Gil Cabral">Álvaro Gil Cabral</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pedro_%C3%81lvares_Cabral" title="Pedro Álvares Cabral">Pedro Álvares Cabral</a>'s great-great-grandfather, refused to hand over the keys to the city to the King of Castile during the <a href="/wiki/1383%E2%80%931385_Portuguese_interregnum" title="1383–1385 Portuguese interregnum">Crisis of 1383-1385</a> and still had the strength to participate in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aljubarrota" title="Battle of Aljubarrota">Battle of Aljubarrota</a>;</li> <li>Formosa (beautiful), for the natural beauty of the urban nucleus.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Turismo_e_Eventos_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Turismo_e_Eventos-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Guarda is the largest city in its district, capital of the <a href="/wiki/Guarda_District" title="Guarda District">Guarda District</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Beira_Interior_Norte_Subregion" class="mw-redirect" title="Beira Interior Norte Subregion">Beira Interior Norte Subregion</a> within the <a href="/wiki/Centro_Region,_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Centro Region, Portugal">Centro Region</a>. The municipality is bordered by <a href="/wiki/Pinhel" title="Pinhel">Pinhel</a> to the north, to the east by <a href="/wiki/Almeida,_Portugal" title="Almeida, Portugal">Almeida</a>, to the southeast by <a href="/wiki/Sabugal" title="Sabugal">Sabugal</a>, to the south by <a href="/wiki/Belmonte_(Portugal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Belmonte (Portugal)">Belmonte</a> and <a href="/wiki/Covilh%C3%A3" title="Covilhã">Covilhã</a>, to the west by <a href="/wiki/Manteigas" title="Manteigas">Manteigas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gouveia,_Portugal" title="Gouveia, Portugal">Gouveia</a>, and to the northwest by <a href="/wiki/Celorico_da_Beira" title="Celorico da Beira">Celorico da Beira</a>. </p><p>Guarda is the highest city in continental Portugal (altitude 1,056 m), located to the northeast of <a href="/wiki/Serra_da_Estrela" title="Serra da Estrela">Serra da Estrela</a> (the largest mountain in mainland Portugal). The main attraction in Guarda is its cathedral, known as the <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9_da_Guarda" class="mw-redirect" title="Sé da Guarda">Sé da Guarda</a>. Guarda is a diocese of the same name. </p><p>Guarda railway station is served by the railway line <i>Linha da Beira Alta</i>, with international services towards Salamanca and Madrid, and domestic services to Pinhel, Vila Franca das Naves/Trancoso, Celorico da Beira, Gouveia, Nelas, Carregal do Sal, Santa Comba Dão, Mortagua, Luso/Buçaco and Pampilhosa. The station at Guarda has (2013) eighteen daily arrivals and departures of passenger trains and there is a small freight terminal. The section of the Linha da Beira Baixa which runs from Guarda through Belmonte/Sabugal, Covilhã, Fundão, Castelo Branco and Abrantes to Entroncamento is operating again, having been closed in 2010 between Guarda and Covilhã. </p><p>The main motorways are A25 (Aveiro, Viseu, Guarda, Vilar Formoso) and A23 (Guarda, Covilhã, Fundão, Castelo Branco, Abrantes, Torres Novas). Numerous motorcoach (long distance bus) services use these motorways to link Guarda with Porto, Lisbon and other Portuguese cities. </p><p>Guarda is the antipode to <a href="/wiki/Puponga" class="mw-redirect" title="Puponga">Puponga</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Guarda has a cool <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_climate" title="Mediterranean climate">Mediterranean climate</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>Csb</i>) with some <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_climate" title="Oceanic climate">oceanic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Continental_climate" title="Continental climate">continental</a> influences. It has lower average temperatures than most climates of this subtype, in part due to its high altitude. Winters are cool and wet, and summers are warm and dry. Of the district capitals of Portugal, Guarda tends to experience the most snowfall, averaging about 12 days per year.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Guarda, Portugal, 1981-2010 normals, altitude: 1,019 m (3,343 ft) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2<br />(64.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA44A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.6<br />(63.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.0<br />(73.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.5<br />(76.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.8<br />(87.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.7<br />(92.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.3<br />(100.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF2F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.6<br />(94.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.0<br />(96.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF6300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.0<br />(80.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3<br />(70.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB163; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.8<br />(60.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">38.3<br />(100.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFEFDF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8<br />(44.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFE2C6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.6<br />(47.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFCF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.4<br />(52.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFC892; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.4<br />(54.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC5A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.4<br />(61.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.2<br />(70.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.1<br />(77.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0<br />(77.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br />(70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.0<br />(59.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0<br />(50.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8<br />(46.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.0<br />(59.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0<br />(39.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.4<br />(41.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFE9D4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.6<br />(45.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5<br />(47.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0<br />(53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFAD5C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.3<br />(61.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.5<br />(67.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.5<br />(67.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5<br />(61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6<br />(52.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFEAD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.5<br />(45.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.4<br />(41.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFD1A4; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">11.1<br />(52.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.2<br />(34.2) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.3<br />(36.1) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.7<br />(38.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFFEFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6<br />(40.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.7<br />(45.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD0A1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.3<br />(52.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.0<br />(57.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.9<br />(57.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC99; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.9<br />(53.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3<br />(46.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.9<br />(37.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFECD9; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">7.2<br />(45.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #ACACFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−10.8<br />(12.6) </td> <td style="background: #C5C5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.2<br />(20.8) </td> <td style="background: #BBBBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8.0<br />(17.6) </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.8<br />(25.2) </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.8<br />(28.8) </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.2<br />(34.2) </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.4<br />(39.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0<br />(42.8) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.5<br />(38.3) </td> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.6<br />(30.9) </td> <td style="background: #BEBEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.5<br />(18.5) </td> <td style="background: #C2C2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.7<br />(19.9) </td> <td style="background: #ACACFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−10.8<br />(12.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #62FF62; color:#000000;" class="notheme">104.8<br />(4.13) </td> <td style="background: #8AFF8A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.2<br />(2.80) </td> <td style="background: #A6FFA6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.4<br />(2.34) </td> <td style="background: #79FF79; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86.7<br />(3.41) </td> <td style="background: #7EFF7E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86.3<br />(3.40) </td> <td style="background: #CAFFCA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.9<br />(1.33) </td> <td style="background: #E3FFE3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2<br />(0.72) </td> <td style="background: #EFFFEF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4<br />(0.41) </td> <td style="background: #A5FFA5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.2<br />(2.29) </td> <td style="background: #5EFF5E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">107.4<br />(4.23) </td> <td style="background: #3BFF3B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">127.1<br />(5.00) </td> <td style="background: #1EFF1E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">150.6<br />(5.93) </td> <td style="background: #8BFF8B; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">914.2<br />(35.99) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Instituto_Portugu%C3%AAs_do_Mar_e_da_Atmosfera" title="Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera">Instituto de Meteorologia</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Toponym">Toponym</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Toponym"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:S%C3%A9_da_Guarda_e_est%C3%A1tua_de_D._Sancho_I.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/S%C3%A9_da_Guarda_e_est%C3%A1tua_de_D._Sancho_I.jpg/220px-S%C3%A9_da_Guarda_e_est%C3%A1tua_de_D._Sancho_I.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/S%C3%A9_da_Guarda_e_est%C3%A1tua_de_D._Sancho_I.jpg/330px-S%C3%A9_da_Guarda_e_est%C3%A1tua_de_D._Sancho_I.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/S%C3%A9_da_Guarda_e_est%C3%A1tua_de_D._Sancho_I.jpg/440px-S%C3%A9_da_Guarda_e_est%C3%A1tua_de_D._Sancho_I.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2976" data-file-height="3968" /></a><figcaption>Sé Cathedral and the statue of <a href="/wiki/Sancho_I_of_Portugal" title="Sancho I of Portugal">Dom Sancho I</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>For a long time historians believed that the <a href="/wiki/Civitas_Igaeditanorum" class="mw-redirect" title="Civitas Igaeditanorum">civitas Igaeditanorum</a> (Egitania) was located in Guarda, but more recently it has been established that this location was in <a href="/wiki/Idanha-a-Velha" title="Idanha-a-Velha">Idanha-a-Velha</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Beira_Baixa_(intermunicipal_community)" title="Beira Baixa (intermunicipal community)">Beira Baixa</a>. It was from here that the gentile "egitanian", in relation to the natives of the city, took root. Bordering the lands of the igaeditani, north of Guarda, were the lands of the Lancians Oppidani whose capital, the civitas Lancia Oppidana, was referred to as being located a short distance from the current location of Guarda. This theory was fiercely defended by General João de Almeida (influential Portuguese military man, hero of the African campaigns, native of Guarda), which has led some critics to disparage it. However, all the following investigations indicate its veracity. The place name "Guarda" may have been a derivation of a fortress overlooking the Mondego River, the <a href="/wiki/Castros_(Spain)" title="Castros (Spain)">Castro</a> Tintinolho, whose place was called "Ward" by the Visigoths.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Guarda-CityGate.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Guarda-CityGate.jpg/220px-Guarda-CityGate.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Guarda-CityGate.jpg/330px-Guarda-CityGate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Guarda-CityGate.jpg/440px-Guarda-CityGate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Porta do Sol.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prehistory">Prehistory</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Prehistory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is evidence of a meteorite impact in the region, northeast of Guarda, with about 35 km in diameter. Some pre-<a href="/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician">Ordovician</a> evidence (from the <a href="/wiki/Cambrian_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambrian period">Cambrian period</a>, the earliest <a href="/wiki/Phanerozoic" title="Phanerozoic">Phanerozoic epoch</a>) is present.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="From_the_Neolithic_to_the_Christian_Reconquest">From the Neolithic to the Christian Reconquest</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: From the Neolithic to the Christian Reconquest"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Torre_de_Menagem_do_Castelo_da_Guarda.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Torre_de_Menagem_do_Castelo_da_Guarda.jpg/220px-Torre_de_Menagem_do_Castelo_da_Guarda.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Torre_de_Menagem_do_Castelo_da_Guarda.jpg/330px-Torre_de_Menagem_do_Castelo_da_Guarda.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Torre_de_Menagem_do_Castelo_da_Guarda.jpg/440px-Torre_de_Menagem_do_Castelo_da_Guarda.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2904" data-file-height="4357" /></a><figcaption>Main tower of the <a href="/wiki/Castle_of_Guarda" title="Castle of Guarda">Castle of Guarda</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the first centuries of the Romanization of the Iberian Peninsula, Lusitanian tribes lived in the Guarda region. These tribes included, namely, the Igaeditani, the Lancienses Oppidani, and the Transcudani. These peoples, united under a true federation, resisted Romanization for two centuries. Unlike the Latinized towns, these towns did not consume wine, but instead, acorn beer. His weapon of choice was the falcata: a curved sword, which easily broke Roman swords due to its metallurgical superiority. Their pagan gods also differed from the Romans. Some Lusitanian religious inscriptions can still be found in some sanctuaries such as Cabeço de Fráguas.<sup id="cite_ref-Turismo_e_Eventos_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Turismo_e_Eventos-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is argued that the ancestral town of Castelos Velhos, from the Iron Age, was located in the current city of Guarda.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although there are doubts about the place of birth, the Lusitanian warrior <a href="/wiki/Viriathus" title="Viriathus">Viriathus</a> (hero of Portuguese history to the present day) could have been born in the Guarda region in the "Herminios Mountains", corresponding to the current <a href="/wiki/Serra_da_Estrela" title="Serra da Estrela">Serra da Estrela</a>. Other historians suggest that he may have been born closer to the Portuguese coast.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPérez_Vilatela2000261_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPérez_Vilatela2000261-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAmílcar_Guerra199214_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAmílcar_Guerra199214-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPérez_Vilatela2000261_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPérez_Vilatela2000261-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAmílcar_Guerra199215-16_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAmílcar_Guerra199215-16-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His death by murder by traitors paid by <a href="/wiki/Quintus_Servilius_Caepio_(consul_140_BC)" title="Quintus Servilius Caepio (consul 140 BC)">Caepio</a>, Roman consul and military man who participated in the Lusitanian War, occurred in Cabeço de Fráguas, in the current municipality of Guarda, in 139 or 138 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESánchez_Moreno2002152_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESánchez_Moreno2002152-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPastor_Muñoz200948_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPastor_Muñoz200948-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELópez_Melero1988260-261_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELópez_Melero1988260-261-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPastor_Muñoz200941,_48_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPastor_Muñoz200941,_48-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESánchez_Moreno2002152_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESánchez_Moreno2002152-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After Roman times, the period of occupation by the <a href="/wiki/Visigoths" title="Visigoths">Visigoths</a> followed. Later, the region was occupied by the Islamic civilization and by the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Asturias" title="Kingdom of Asturias">Kingdom of Asturias</a>. Only after the process of the Christian reconquest was its jurisdiction granted, which definitely confirmed the importance of the city and the region.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Burgundy_dynasty"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Burgundy" title="House of Burgundy">Burgundy dynasty</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Burgundy dynasty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city of Guarda was founded in 1199, in a location that was both difficult to reach and allowed as many as twenty leagues of the surrounding territory to be watched,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Sancho_I_of_Portugal" title="Sancho I of Portugal">Sancho I of Portugal</a> transferred the diocese of Egitania (modern day <a href="/wiki/Idanha-a-Velha" title="Idanha-a-Velha">Idanha-a-Velha</a>) to Guarda,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while granting the city a charter that was based on the short charter of Salamanca.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_la_Torre_Rodriguez1998789_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_la_Torre_Rodriguez1998789-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Situated high up, the city had a remarkable defensive and strategic importance.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFonseca_Moretón2004442_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFonseca_Moretón2004442-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Jewish quarter of the city, which already had some importance back in the 13th century among the communities of the kingdom of Portugal, was between 600 and 850 people in the 15th century, and hosted a significant number Jews expelled from Spain in 1492.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFonseca_Moretón2004442_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFonseca_Moretón2004442-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1202 the diocese of Guarda was created, transferred from Idanha, the ancient and important Egitanian Roman city,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was largely abandoned during the time of the invasions and wars against the Moors (Muslims), since, according to the legends, its situation on the border and its difficult location and defense exposed it to military attacks by Moors and Christians.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city of Guarda was founded in a place much easier to defend, which would allow it to be taken Idanha as the main post of Beira Interior.<sup id="cite_ref-Histórias_e_sabores_-_Guarda_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Histórias_e_sabores_-_Guarda-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first Cathedral of Guarda was built in that same year, on the initiative of Bishop D. Martinho and with the support of King <a href="/wiki/Sancho_I_of_Portugal" title="Sancho I of Portugal">Sancho I</a>. However, a few years later, it would be transferred to another place inside the city gates, between the years 1208 and 1214. Between 1390 and 1396 the current <a href="/wiki/Guarda_Cathedral" title="Guarda Cathedral">Cathedral of Guarda</a> was built, at the initiative of Bishop D. Frei Vasco after the support granted by the king <a href="/wiki/John_I_of_Portugal" title="John I of Portugal">John I</a>. The cathedral was later expanded between 1397 and 1426, between 1435 and 1458, and between 1504 and 1517.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>King <a href="/wiki/Denis_of_Portugal" title="Denis of Portugal">Denis</a> and Queen <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_of_Portugal" title="Elizabeth of Portugal">Elizabeth</a> were in the Guarda region after their marriage, held on February 11, 1281, at the <a href="/wiki/Palau_Reial_Major" title="Palau Reial Major">Royal Palace of Barcelona</a>. They were there between November 1281 and the end of July 1282, particularly in the town of <a href="/wiki/Trancoso,_Portugal" title="Trancoso, Portugal">Trancoso</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The king signed the "Customs of Guarda" which consisted of letters from King Denis regarding the appeals of the residents of the villages and farms under the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the bishop, on the income of 1,100 pounds that the county leased to <a href="/wiki/Afonso_III_of_Portugal" title="Afonso III of Portugal">Afonso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Count_of_Boulogne" title="Count of Boulogne">count of Boulogne</a>, and also on the conflict that existed between the inhabitants of Vela and the inhabitants of Guarda (1311, 1315, 1321). There King Denis also prepared war with Castile, which would be resolved through the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Alca%C3%B1ices" title="Treaty of Alcañices">Treaty of Alcañices</a>. In 1282, King Denis held the first <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Cortes" title="Portuguese Cortes">Cortes de Guarda</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Histórias_e_sabores_-_Guarda_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Histórias_e_sabores_-_Guarda-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1383–1385_Portuguese_interregnum_and_House_of_Aviz"><span id="1383.E2.80.931385_Portuguese_interregnum_and_House_of_Aviz"></span><a href="/wiki/1383%E2%80%931385_Portuguese_interregnum" title="1383–1385 Portuguese interregnum">1383–1385 Portuguese interregnum</a> and <a href="/wiki/House_of_Aviz" title="House of Aviz">House of Aviz</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1383–1385 Portuguese interregnum and House of Aviz"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pelourinho_da_Guarda_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Pelourinho_da_Guarda_4.jpg/220px-Pelourinho_da_Guarda_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Pelourinho_da_Guarda_4.jpg/330px-Pelourinho_da_Guarda_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Pelourinho_da_Guarda_4.jpg/440px-Pelourinho_da_Guarda_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2976" data-file-height="3968" /></a><figcaption>Cruise (or <a href="/wiki/Pillory" title="Pillory">pillory</a>) of Guarda.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1371, Denis granted in Guarda a "land of refuge" for the "humanized", who were the people convicted of murder, whom the king pardoned certain crimes or misdemeanors, with the aim that they would settle in the lands near borders.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1383 a college for poor students was created in the city by Bishop Afonso Correia II, associated with the Episcopal school of Guarda, existing since (at least) the 13th century.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1465 King <a href="/wiki/Afonso_V_of_Portugal" title="Afonso V of Portugal">Afonso V</a> made new Courts in Guarda, where the judges of the Civil Chamber were forbidden to disembark facts related to the city of Lisbon and whose resolutions were exclusive powers of the king.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1475, Prince John (future King <a href="/wiki/John_II_of_Portugal" title="John II of Portugal">John II</a>) led a Council in Guarda to gather the troops that would participate in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Toro" title="Battle of Toro">Battle of Toro</a>, within the course of the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Castilian_Succession" title="War of the Castilian Succession">War of the Castilian Succession</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1490s, when the expulsion of the Jews from Spain happened, Guarda received new inhabitants for its Jewish community, who would bring a new life to commerce in this border area. In 1493, the born and resident of Guarda, <a href="/wiki/Rui_de_Pina" title="Rui de Pina">Rui de Pina</a>, planned the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Tordesillas" title="Treaty of Tordesillas">Treaty of Tordesillas</a> and set out on a diplomatic mission to Castile.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1496 and 1497, during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Manuel_I_of_Portugal" title="Manuel I of Portugal">Manuel I</a>, the conversion or expulsion of the Jews was ordered, which led to the appearance of the so-called New Christians (or <a href="/wiki/Marrano" title="Marrano">Marranos</a>), and as well as the expulsion of the moors, dand or place to the appearance of <a href="/wiki/Crypto-Judaism" title="Crypto-Judaism">crypto-Judaism</a> in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On October 22, 1536, the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Inquisition" title="Portuguese Inquisition">Inquisition</a> began, and the persecution against Hindus (in <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_India" title="Portuguese India">Portuguese India</a>), Muslims and Jews was launched.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The persecutions were also launched in Guarda, particularly as of June 8, 1564, when authorization was given to D. Ambrosio Capelo, inquisitor of Guarda, to conduct the inquisition in the dioceses of Guarda and <a href="/wiki/Lamego" title="Lamego">Lamego</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Portuguese_succession_crisis_of_1580"><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_succession_crisis_of_1580" title="Portuguese succession crisis of 1580">Portuguese succession crisis of 1580</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Portuguese succession crisis of 1580"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pa%C3%A7os_do_Concelho,_Guarda.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Pa%C3%A7os_do_Concelho%2C_Guarda.jpg/220px-Pa%C3%A7os_do_Concelho%2C_Guarda.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Pa%C3%A7os_do_Concelho%2C_Guarda.jpg/330px-Pa%C3%A7os_do_Concelho%2C_Guarda.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Pa%C3%A7os_do_Concelho%2C_Guarda.jpg/440px-Pa%C3%A7os_do_Concelho%2C_Guarda.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Old building of the city hall of the city of Guarda from the 17th century.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1580, during the course of the dynastic crisis of 1580, the Bishop of Guarda, D. João, took sides for the independence of Portugal and opposed <a href="/wiki/Iberian_Union" title="Iberian Union">Philippine rule</a>. The bishop then resisted the outcome of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Alc%C3%A2ntara_(1580)" title="Battle of Alcântara (1580)">Battle of Alcântara</a> and continued to side with <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio,_Prior_of_Crato" title="António, Prior of Crato">António, Prior of Crato</a>, contrary to all the other Portuguese bishops.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On March 18, 1582, the Pope condemned the "excesses" committed by D. João, bishop of Guarda, and he died in 1592 under the rule of <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain">Philip II of Spain</a> (Philip I of Portugal).<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iberian_Union"><a href="/wiki/Iberian_Union" title="Iberian Union">Iberian Union</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Iberian Union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On September 21, 1597, the synod was held in which new statutes or constitutions of the bishopric of the city began, in order to accommodate the decrees of the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Trent" title="Council of Trent">Council of Trent</a>, in the context of the <a href="/wiki/Counter-Reformation" title="Counter-Reformation">Counter-Reformation</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Braganza_Dynasty"><a href="/wiki/Braganza_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Braganza Dynasty">Braganza Dynasty</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Braganza Dynasty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Igreja_da_Miseric%C3%B3rdia_da_Guarda_-_Interior.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Igreja_da_Miseric%C3%B3rdia_da_Guarda_-_Interior.jpg/220px-Igreja_da_Miseric%C3%B3rdia_da_Guarda_-_Interior.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Igreja_da_Miseric%C3%B3rdia_da_Guarda_-_Interior.jpg/330px-Igreja_da_Miseric%C3%B3rdia_da_Guarda_-_Interior.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Igreja_da_Miseric%C3%B3rdia_da_Guarda_-_Interior.jpg/440px-Igreja_da_Miseric%C3%B3rdia_da_Guarda_-_Interior.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Interior of the Misericórdia Church.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1655 the exploitation of <a href="/wiki/Tin" title="Tin">tin</a> mines in Guarda was intensified.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1674, the diocesan synod of Guarda took place, in order to regulate tithes.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 1728 and 1730, the Guardense doctor Simão de Castro was convicted of the inquisition in the city, for accusations of Judaism. As a result, he took refuge in <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_India" title="Portuguese India">Portuguese India</a>, where he settled from 1734.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1762-1763 the Guarda region was invaded by Spanish forces, during the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a>, and several towns in the area were occupied by Spain, including <a href="/wiki/Almeida,_Portugal" title="Almeida, Portugal">Almeida</a>. This town was returned to Portugal in 1763, after the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1763)" title="Treaty of Paris (1763)">peace treaty signed in Paris</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1801, the <a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Almeida_Portugal,_3rd_Marquis_of_Alorna" title="Pedro de Almeida Portugal, 3rd Marquis of Alorna">Marquis of Alorna</a> built bunkers in Guarda, against bomb attacks, after the deterioration of diplomatic relations with Spain.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same year, the first section of the walls was demolished, on the orders of Alorna Marqués, in order to reuse its stone in the construction of a fort in the neighboring town of Vale de Estrela, to the west of the city.<sup id="cite_ref-evolução_da_paisagem_urbana_da_cidade_da_Guarda_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-evolução_da_paisagem_urbana_da_cidade_da_Guarda-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars#War_of_the_Fifth_Coalition_1809" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic invasion of Portugal</a>, with troops commanded by the French general <a href="/wiki/Louis_Henri_Loison" title="Louis Henri Loison">Loison</a>, a revolt took place in Guarda on June 21, 1808, after the <a href="/wiki/Transfer_of_the_Portuguese_court_to_Brazil" title="Transfer of the Portuguese court to Brazil">transfer of the Portuguese court to Brazil</a> as a result of these invasions.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The March 22, 1811, the French general <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Mass%C3%A9na" title="André Masséna">André Masséna</a> decided to concentrate the French army around Guarda and <a href="/wiki/Belmonte,_Portugal" title="Belmonte, Portugal">Belmonte</a>, far from the fortresses of <a href="/wiki/Ciudad_Rodrigo" title="Ciudad Rodrigo">Ciudad Rodrigo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Almeida,_Portugal" title="Almeida, Portugal">Almeida</a>. On April 3 of the same year, at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sabugal" title="Battle of Sabugal">Battle of Sabugal</a>, the British General <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Wellington</a> won against General <a href="/wiki/Jean_Reynier" title="Jean Reynier">Jean Reynier</a>, and forced <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Mass%C3%A9na" title="André Masséna">Masséna</a> to leave Portugal.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the particularly severe devastations caused in the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Guarda" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocese of Guarda">Diocese of Guarda</a> and its neighboring <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Pinhel" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocese of Pinhel">Diocese of Pinhel</a> (currently also in the <a href="/wiki/District_of_Guarda" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Guarda">district of Guarda</a>), these two dioceses were, in Portugal, until August 1811, the third and fourth most benefited by donations to the victims of the third French invasion of Portugal led by Masséna, just behind Leiria and Lisbon.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1829, during a cold snap, it was reported in Guarda that temperatures had dropped to low enough to freeze eggs, <a href="/wiki/Brandy" title="Brandy">brandy</a>, and other things that only freeze in severe cold.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1835, another section of the wall was destroyed, between the <a href="/wiki/Keep" title="Keep">keep</a> and <i> Porta Nova </i> (New Gate), and its stone was used in the construction of the new public cemetery.<sup id="cite_ref-evolução_da_paisagem_urbana_da_cidade_da_Guarda_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-evolução_da_paisagem_urbana_da_cidade_da_Guarda-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1855 the <a href="/wiki/Lyceum" title="Lyceum">Lyceum</a> of Guarda was founded. In this institution, famous people related to literature and other intellectual areas in Portugal studied, including <a href="/wiki/Verg%C3%ADlio_Ferreira" title="Vergílio Ferreira">Vergílio Ferreira</a> (writer awarded the <a href="/wiki/Cam%C3%B5es_Prize" title="Camões Prize">Camões Prize</a>), <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Louren%C3%A7o" title="Eduardo Lourenço">Eduardo Lourenço</a> (essayist and philosopher) and <a href="/wiki/Augusto_Gil" title="Augusto Gil">Augusto Gil</a> (neo-romantic poet)<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1868, during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Luis_I_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Luis I of Portugal">Luis I</a>, the publication of Guarda's <i>O Egytaniense</i> began, which was one of the first newspapers in Guarda and probably the first newspaper in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Humanitarian Association of Egitanian Volunteer Firefighters (which, today, is better known as "Guarda Volunteer Firefighters"), was founded in 1876 at the initiative of a group of Guardenses concerned about the lack of a fire department in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1881, the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Pinhel" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocese of Pinhel">Diocese of Pinhel</a> (including, namely Almeida) was extinct and incorporated into the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Guarda" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocese of Guarda">Diocese of Guarda</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1882 the Beira Alta railway line was inaugurated (with the presence of King <a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_I_of_Portugal" title="Luís I of Portugal">Louis I</a> and the royal family), which linked the coastal city of <a href="/wiki/Figueira_da_Foz" title="Figueira da Foz">Figueira da Foz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vilar_Formoso" title="Vilar Formoso">Vilar Formoso</a>, on the border with <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>, stopping at the Guarda railway station. It is currently the main railway connection between Portugal and the rest of Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1893, a second railway line was completed with the terminal station in Guarda (the Beira Baixa line), connecting this city and <a href="/wiki/Abrantes" title="Abrantes">Abrantes</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Ribatejo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ribatejo">Ribatejo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On January 1, 1899, electric lighting was introduced in Guarda, making it one of the first Portuguese cities to be electrified.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1897 the "Escola Normal" (Normal School) was founded in the city for the training of secondary school teachers.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 1907, with the presence of King <a href="/wiki/Carlos_I_of_Portugal" title="Carlos I of Portugal">Carlos</a> and Queen <a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9lie_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Amélie of Orléans">Amélia</a>, the Sousa Martins <a href="/wiki/Sanatorium" title="Sanatorium">Sanatorium</a> was inaugurated in the city, the first of its kind that has been introduced by the National Assistance to tuberculosis victims.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_Portuguese_Republic,_Estado_Novo,_Third_Portuguese_Republic"><span id="First_Portuguese_Republic.2C_Estado_Novo.2C_Third_Portuguese_Republic"></span><a href="/wiki/First_Portuguese_Republic" title="First Portuguese Republic">First Portuguese Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estado_Novo_(Portugal)" title="Estado Novo (Portugal)">Estado Novo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Third_Portuguese_Republic" title="Third Portuguese Republic">Third Portuguese Republic</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: First Portuguese Republic, Estado Novo, Third Portuguese Republic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Agilluar2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Agilluar2.jpg/220px-Agilluar2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Agilluar2.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="296" data-file-height="306" /></a><figcaption>Guardense poet <a href="/wiki/Augusto_Gil" title="Augusto Gil">Augusto Gil</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>After the implementation of the republic in Portugal, in 1910, newspapers would appear throughout the <a href="/wiki/District_of_Guarda" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Guarda">District of Guarda</a>, with a special concentration in Guarda and <a href="/wiki/Seia" title="Seia">Seia</a>, that for the most part would clearly assume republican ideals for propaganda purposes. These constituted a source of extreme importance for the reconstruction of the recent history of the various communities of the District during the implementation of the republican regime.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The legendary Guardense poet <a href="/wiki/Augusto_Gil" title="Augusto Gil">Augusto Gil</a> died on February 26, 1929, already at the time of the military dictatorship.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the political and military upheavals and the economic crisis, largely caused by the decision on Portugal's participation in the First World War, the military coup of May 28, 1926,<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> occurred, which would lead to a 48-year dictatorship, military until the mid-1930s, and then civil, until 1974. Meanwhile, the only moment in which the dictatorship of Salazar (Franco's ally in Spain) was threatened, occurred in 1958 when General <a href="/wiki/Humberto_Delgado" title="Humberto Delgado">Humberto Delgado</a> decided to run for the presidential elections, proposing the resignation of <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_de_Oliveira_Salazar" title="António de Oliveira Salazar">Salazar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the night of April 24, 1974, Captain Augusto José Monteiro Valente, of the Guarda Infantry Regiment, arrested its commander and joined the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_Movement" title="Armed Forces Movement">Armed Forces Movement</a> (MFA) that the following day was going to overthrow the dictatorial regime of Salazar and <a href="/wiki/Marcelo_Caetano" title="Marcelo Caetano">Caetano</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Carnation_Revolution" title="Carnation Revolution">Carnation Revolution</a>, being described as one of the brightest and most committed Portuguese military in this revolution.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1942 the first hotel was opened in the city of Guarda, the "Hotel Turismo" active to this day, and an iconic symbol of tourism in this city.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1963, the Industrias Lusitanas <a href="/wiki/Renault" title="Renault">Renault</a> (automobile factory) began to work in Guarda, which would be active until 1987, producing 189,461 vehicles of the models Renault 4, Renault 5, Renault 6, Renault 8, Renault 10, Renault 12 , Renault 16 and Renault Trafic. Then came "Delco Remy" and then "<a href="/wiki/Aptiv" title="Aptiv">Delphi</a> (Autopeças)", until the closure of this American multinational in December 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1965 the Guarda Nursing School (now known as the Escola Superior de Saúde) was created, which later, in 2001, would be integrated into the Guarda Polytechnic Institute.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1980, the Guarda Polytechnic Institute was created, which began its academic activities in 1986 through the Higher School of Education and, the following year, the Higher School of Technology and Management. In 1999, the Higher School of Tourism and Telecommunications would also be created in this institute, in the neighboring city of <a href="/wiki/Seia" title="Seia">Seia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gastronomy">Gastronomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Gastronomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Enchidos_portugueses.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Enchidos_portugueses.jpg/220px-Enchidos_portugueses.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Enchidos_portugueses.jpg/330px-Enchidos_portugueses.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Enchidos_portugueses.jpg/440px-Enchidos_portugueses.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Traditional <a href="/wiki/Enchido" class="mw-redirect" title="Enchido">enchidos</a> in the Guarda region.</figcaption></figure> <p>The gastronomy of Guarda is associated with the gastronomy of the <a href="/wiki/Serra_da_Estrela" title="Serra da Estrela">Serra da Estrela</a>. Some of the most outstanding typical dishes are the following: roast lamb, rice with duck in the Guarda way, and Lagareiro cod, which can be easily found in regional cuisine restaurants. The gastronomy of the city includes a wide range of meat-based dishes, given the geographical location of the city, as well as the surrounding lands, which are conducive to grazing. There is also a wide variety of fish dishes from freshwater streams. Cod is the exception, since its conservation process (<a href="/wiki/Dried_and_salted_cod" title="Dried and salted cod">by drying</a>) has always allowed its consumption in lands far from the sea. The pig occupies an important place in the local gastronomy, with countless dishes made with this type of meat. The ham cured in sea salt can be highlighted, as well as the typical local cured meats (black pudding, <a href="/wiki/Farinheira" title="Farinheira">farinheira</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chouri%C3%A7o" class="mw-redirect" title="Chouriço">chouriço</a>), such as tripe with vegetables. Other common meats are lamb, goat, beef, and white meat. Carquesa (<i><a href="/wiki/Genista" title="Genista">Genista</a> tridentata</i>) rice is also a very typical dish in the city and the region. </p><p>At the time of the hunting season, unique dishes, such as hare rice "malandrinho", or wild boar with beans are eaten. </p><p>In the fall, <a href="/wiki/Trancoso,_Portugal" title="Trancoso, Portugal">Trancoso</a>'s edible mushroom stew (<a href="/wiki/Agaricus_bisporus" title="Agaricus bisporus">champignons</a>) and chestnut soup are popular (it can also be eaten cooked, boiled, or sweet).<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Heritage">Heritage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Heritage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Igreja_de_S._Vicente_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Igreja_de_S._Vicente_1.jpg/220px-Igreja_de_S._Vicente_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Igreja_de_S._Vicente_1.jpg/330px-Igreja_de_S._Vicente_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Igreja_de_S._Vicente_1.jpg/440px-Igreja_de_S._Vicente_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2976" data-file-height="3968" /></a><figcaption>Medieval street with the Church of São Vicente in the background.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Guarda_Cathedral" title="Guarda Cathedral">Guarda Cathedral</a></b></li></ul> <p>A medieval temple built in <a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">Gothic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Manueline" title="Manueline">Manueline</a> styles.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMartín_López20129_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMartín_López20129-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its restoration, carried out by the architect Rosendo Carvalheira, took place between 1899 and 1921.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECardoso_Rosas1996535_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECardoso_Rosas1996535-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Castle_of_Guarda" title="Castle of Guarda">Castle of Guarda</a></b></li></ul> <p>The castle was declared a National Monument on June 16, 1910.<sup id="cite_ref-DOG_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOG-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its construction, supposedly on a Roman-Lusitanian fort from the 1st century, took place between the 12th and 14th centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><b>Old Episcopal Palace of Guarda</b></li> <li><b>Anta de Pêra do Moço</b></li> <li><b>Tower of the blacksmiths (<i>ferreiros</i>)</b></li> <li><b>Convent of São Francisco de Guarda or Convent of the Holy Spirit</b></li> <li><b>Chapel of Our Lady of Mileu</b></li> <li><b>Archaeological site of Póvoa do Mileu</b></li> <li><b>Fountain of <i>Dorna</i> </b></li> <li><b>Church of São Vicente </b></li> <li><b>Church of Misericórdia</b></li> <li><b>Cruise or pillory (<i>pelourinho</i>) from Guarda</b></li> <li><b>Castro do Jarmelo</b> (place built in <a href="/wiki/List_of_the_Pre-Roman_peoples_of_the_Iberian_Peninsula" title="List of the Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula">pre-Roman</a>) times</li> <li><b>Paços do Concelho, (old town hall)</b></li> <li><b>Castro de Tintinolho</b>, an important place in the wars between <a href="/wiki/Lusitanians" title="Lusitanians">Lusitanians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Romans</a></li> <li><b>Solar na Rua do Encontro</b> (house built in the 15th or 16th century, which at the end of the 17th century was enriched in its facade, with an innovative element that transformed the appearance of the room, which gave it a nobility status to the family that lived there.)</li> <li><b>Casa das Chaves Bandarra (<i>House of the Keys Bandarra</i>)</b>, on Calle <a href="/wiki/Sancho_I_of_Portugal" title="Sancho I of Portugal">Sancho I</a></li> <li><b>Fountain (<i>Chafariz</i>) of the Alameda de Santo André</b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The main economic sectors of Guarda are: tourism, textiles, electric wire and cable industry for automobile manufacturing and for energy industries, wood, glass, marble and granite processing, metallurgy, aluminum manufacturing, chemical products, blinds, cold cuts, bakery and pastry, dairy industry, as well as construction companies. There are also handicraft activities and agricultural and agro-livestock activities in the rural environment of the municipality.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recreational_and_sports_clubs">Recreational and sports clubs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Recreational and sports clubs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The main <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> club in the city is <i>Guarda Unida</i>, which participates in the first district division in the 2014-2015 season.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other clubs and associations of this type in the city include the Guarda Mountaineering Club, founded in 1981,<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Pinheiro Center for Sport, Culture and Social Solidarity, integrated into the Guarda Athletics Association,<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the CSS - Associação de Desenvolvimento Carapito S. Salvador<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Lameirinhas Sports and Recreation Group, dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Futsal" title="Futsal">futsal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parishes">Parishes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Parishes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The municipality consists of the following 43 parishes:<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li>Adão</li> <li>Aldeia do Bispo</li> <li>Aldeia Viçosa</li> <li>Alvendre</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrifana_(Guarda)" title="Arrifana (Guarda)">Arrifana</a></li> <li>Avelãs da Ribeira</li> <li>Avelãs de Ambom e Rocamondo</li> <li>Benespera</li> <li>Casal de Cinza</li> <li>Castanheira</li> <li>Cavadoude</li> <li>Codesseiro</li> <li>Corujeira e Trinta</li> <li>Faia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Famalic%C3%A3o_(Guarda)" title="Famalicão (Guarda)">Famalicão</a></li> <li>Fernão Joanes</li> <li>Gonçalo</li> <li>Gonçalo Bocas</li> <li>Guarda</li> <li>Jarmelo São Miguel</li> <li>Jarmelo São Pedro</li> <li>João Antão</li> <li>Maçainhas</li> <li>Marmeleiro</li> <li>Meios</li> <li>Mizarela, Pêro Soares e Vila Soeiro</li> <li>Panóias de Cima</li> <li>Pega</li> <li>Pêra do Moço</li> <li>Porto da Carne</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pousade_e_Albardo" title="Pousade e Albardo">Pousade e Albardo</a></li> <li>Ramela</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochoso_e_Monte_Margarida" title="Rochoso e Monte Margarida">Rochoso e Monte Margarida</a></li> <li>Santana da Azinha</li> <li>Sobral da Serra</li> <li>Vale de Estrela</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valhelhas" title="Valhelhas">Valhelhas</a></li> <li>Vela</li> <li>Videmonte</li> <li>Vila Cortês do Mondego</li> <li>Vila Fernando</li> <li>Vila Franca do Deão</li> <li>Vila Garcia</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_relations">International relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: International relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Portugal" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Portugal">List of twin towns and sister cities in Portugal</a></div> <p>Guarda is <a href="/wiki/Twin_towns_and_sister_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin towns and sister cities">twinned</a> with:<sup id="cite_ref-geminações_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-geminações-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9jar" title="Béjar">Béjar</a>, Spain (since 1979)<sup id="cite_ref-geminações_95-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-geminações-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"><img alt="Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Safad" class="mw-redirect" title="Safad">Safad</a>, Israel (since 1982)<sup id="cite_ref-geminações_95-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-geminações-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Waterbury" class="mw-redirect" title="Waterbury">Waterbury</a>, United States (since 1984)<sup id="cite_ref-geminações_95-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-geminações-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Siegburg" title="Siegburg">Siegburg</a>, Germany (since 1985)<sup id="cite_ref-geminações_95-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-geminações-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wattrelos" title="Wattrelos">Wattrelos</a>, France (since 1990)<sup id="cite_ref-geminações_95-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-geminações-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Evelina_Coelho_a_frente_de_um_quadro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Evelina_Coelho_a_frente_de_um_quadro.jpg/150px-Evelina_Coelho_a_frente_de_um_quadro.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Evelina_Coelho_a_frente_de_um_quadro.jpg/225px-Evelina_Coelho_a_frente_de_um_quadro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Evelina_Coelho_a_frente_de_um_quadro.jpg/300px-Evelina_Coelho_a_frente_de_um_quadro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1394" data-file-height="1900" /></a><figcaption>Evelina Coelho, 2013</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rui_de_Pina" title="Rui de Pina">Rui de Pina</a> (1440–1522) a Portuguese chronicler.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Cabral" title="Francisco Cabral">Francisco Cabral</a> (1529-1609) a Portuguese Jesuit priest and missionary in Japan.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Pina" title="Francisco de Pina">Francisco de Pina</a> (1585–1625) a Portuguese Jesuit priest and missionary in Vietnam</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Castro" title="José de Castro">José de Castro</a> (1868–1929) lawyer, journalist and 63rd <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Portugal" title="Prime Minister of Portugal">Prime Minister of Portugal</a> in 1915</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augusto_Gil" title="Augusto Gil">Augusto Gil</a> (1873 - 1929 in Guarda) a lawyer and poet, combining <a href="/wiki/Symbolism_(movement)" title="Symbolism (movement)">Symbolist</a> verse with satire and simple lyricism,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_de_Castro" title="Álvaro de Castro">Álvaro de Castro</a> (1878-1928) 78th and 88th <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Portugal" title="Prime Minister of Portugal">Prime Minister of Portugal</a> in 1920 & 1923/4.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fausto_Lopo_de_Carvalho" title="Fausto Lopo de Carvalho">Fausto Lopo de Carvalho</a> (1890–1970) a <a href="/wiki/Pulmonology" title="Pulmonology">pulmonologist</a> specialising in <a href="/wiki/Phthisiology" title="Phthisiology">phthisiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Saraiva_Martins" title="José Saraiva Martins">José Saraiva Martins</a> (born 1932 in Gagos de Jarmelo) a Portuguese <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church</a> and the Prefect Emeritus of the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Causes_of_Saints" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Causes of Saints">Congregation for the Causes of Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lili_Cane%C3%A7as" title="Lili Caneças">Lili Caneças</a> (born 1944) a Portuguese socialite.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evelina_Coelho" title="Evelina Coelho">Evelina Coelho</a> (1945-2013) a Portuguese painter from Vila Fernando</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmen_Yazalde" title="Carmen Yazalde">Carmen Yazalde</a> (born 1950) a Portuguese Argentine model and actress.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Urbano" title="José Urbano">José Urbano</a> (born 1966) a retired three-time Olympian race walker</li> <li><a href="/wiki/In%C3%AAs_Monteiro" title="Inês Monteiro">Inês Monteiro</a> (born 1980) a middle and long distance track running athlete</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Carvalho_(actor)" title="Pedro Carvalho (actor)">Pedro Carvalho</a> (born 1985) a Portuguese actor.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration 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.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://censos.ine.pt/scripts/db_censos_2021.html">"INE - Plataforma de divulgação dos Censos 2021 – Resultados Provisórios"</a>.</cite><span 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dgterritorio.pt/cartografia_e_geodesia/cartografia/carta_administrativa_oficial_de_portugal_caop_/caop__download_/carta_administrativa_oficial_de_portugal___versao_2017__em_vigor_/">the original</a> on 2018-11-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-11-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%C3%81reas+das+freguesias%2C+concelhos%2C+distritos+e+pa%C3%ADs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dgterritorio.pt%2Fcartografia_e_geodesia%2Fcartografia%2Fcarta_administrativa_oficial_de_portugal_caop_%2Fcaop__download_%2Fcarta_administrativa_oficial_de_portugal___versao_2017__em_vigor_%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGuarda%2C+Portugal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Portal_nacional-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Portal_nacional_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://portalnacional.com.pt/guarda/guarda/">"Guarda"</a> (in Portuguese). Portal nacional<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Guarda&rft.pub=Portal+nacional&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fportalnacional.com.pt%2Fguarda%2Fguarda%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGuarda%2C+Portugal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans2004" class="citation book cs1">Evans, David (2004). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/portugal5thcadog00davi/page/195"><i>Portugal</i></a></span>. 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O Interior. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ointerior.pt/noticia.asp?idEdicao=694&id=38733&idSeccao=9182&Action=noticia">the original</a> on 2016-03-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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O Interior. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ointerior.pt/noticia.asp?idEdicao=734&id=41974&idSeccao=10036&Action=noticia">the original</a> on 2015-05-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://portal.ipg.pt/webapps/portal/frameset.jsp?tab_tab_group_id=_15_1">the original</a> on 19 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hist%C3%B3ria+do+Instituto&rft.pub=IPG&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fportal.ipg.pt%2Fwebapps%2Fportal%2Fframeset.jsp%3Ftab_tab_group_id%3D_15_1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGuarda%2C+Portugal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://guarda.costasur.com/pt/gastronomia-guarda.html">"Gastronomia da Guarda"</a>. Costasur<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Diario do Governo nº 4<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Decreto+n%C2%BA+38%3A147&rft.pub=Diario+do+Governo+n%C2%BA+4&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdre.pt%2Fpdf1sdip%2F1951%2F01%2F00400%2F00070008.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGuarda%2C+Portugal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=2918">"Castelo da Guarda"</a>. Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.admestrela.pt/observatorio/s_miguel_guarda.htm">the original</a> on 2016-03-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Declara%C3%A7%C3%A3o+Ambiental+2013&rft.pub=Coficab&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.coficab.pt%2Fimages%2Fcerifications%2Fdeclaracaoambiental2013.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGuarda%2C+Portugal" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged March 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304115036/http://www.admestrela.pt/observatorio/se.htm">"Obervatório Local - Indicadores Socio-Económicos das Freguesias do concelho da Guarda"</a>. Admestrela. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.admestrela.pt/observatorio/se.htm">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sodecia.com/en/units/europe/guarda-portugal">the original</a> on 2015-03-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.egiquimica.com/index.asp?idEdicao=51&idSeccao=784&id=293&action=noticia">the original</a> on 5 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rwFnYh9zkgAC"><i>Lusitania: historia y etnología</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Real_Academia_de_la_Historia" class="mw-redirect" title="Real Academia de la Historia">Real Academia de la Historia</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788489512689" title="Special:BookSources/9788489512689"><bdi>9788489512689</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lusitania%3A+historia+y+etnolog%C3%ADa&rft.pub=Real+Academia+de+la+Historia&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9788489512689&rft.aulast=P%C3%A9rez+Vilatela&rft.aufirst=Luciano&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrwFnYh9zkgAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGuarda%2C+Portugal" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSánchez_Moreno2002" class="citation journal cs1">Sánchez Moreno, Eduardo (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/625638.pdf">"Algunas notas sobre la guerra como estrategia de interacción social en la Hispania prerromana: Viriato, jefe redistributivo(y II)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Habis</i> (33): 141–174. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0210-7694">0210-7694</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Habis&rft.atitle=Algunas+notas+sobre+la+guerra+como+estrategia+de+interacci%C3%B3n+social+en+la+Hispania+prerromana%3A+Viriato%2C+jefe+redistributivo%28y+II%29&rft.issue=33&rft.pages=141-174&rft.date=2002&rft.issn=0210-7694&rft.aulast=S%C3%A1nchez+Moreno&rft.aufirst=Eduardo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdialnet.unirioja.es%2Fdescarga%2Farticulo%2F625638.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGuarda%2C+Portugal" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guarda,_Portugal&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Guarda#Q750594" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Guarda">Guarda</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mun-guarda.pt">Municipality official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121015145427/http://travel.webshots.com/album/108674325NJTOUS">Guarda Photos</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/vitor107/sets/72157594252242471/">Photos from Guarda</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Municipalities_of_Guarda" title="Template:Municipalities of Guarda"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Municipalities_of_Guarda" title="Template talk:Municipalities of Guarda"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Municipalities_of_Guarda" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Municipalities of Guarda"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_of_Guarda_District" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities of <a href="/wiki/Guarda_District" title="Guarda District">Guarda District</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aguiar_da_Beira" title="Aguiar da Beira">Aguiar da Beira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almeida,_Portugal" title="Almeida, Portugal">Almeida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celorico_da_Beira" title="Celorico da Beira">Celorico da Beira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Figueira_de_Castelo_Rodrigo" title="Figueira de Castelo Rodrigo">Figueira de Castelo Rodrigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fornos_de_Algodres" title="Fornos de Algodres">Fornos de Algodres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gouveia,_Portugal" title="Gouveia, Portugal">Gouveia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Guarda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manteigas" title="Manteigas">Manteigas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%AAda" title="Mêda">Mêda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinhel" title="Pinhel">Pinhel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabugal" title="Sabugal">Sabugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seia" title="Seia">Seia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trancoso,_Portugal" title="Trancoso, Portugal">Trancoso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vila_Nova_de_Foz_C%C3%B4a" title="Vila Nova de Foz Côa">Vila Nova de Foz Côa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750594#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750594#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750594#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/41144648261396400751">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1312261/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4094190-5">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79017219">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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