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Pascual Menéu y Menéu | Real Academia de la Historia
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class="col-sm-8"> <div class="highlighted"> <div class="region region-highlighted"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> </div> </div> <a id="main-content"></a> <div class="region region-content"> <h1 class="page-header"><span>Pascual Menéu y Menéu</span> </h1> <article role="article" about="/biografias/47335/pascual-meneu-y-meneu" class="bio full clearfix"> <div class="content"> <div class="wrapper-biografia"> <div class="field field--name-field-biografia field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field--label sr-only">Biografía</div> <div class="field--item"><p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-weight:bold;">Menéu y Menéu, Pascual</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">. Bechi (Castellón), 1.XI.1857 – 29.VII.1934. Arabista, hebraísta, filólogo.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Hijo de un agrimensor castellonense, Pascual Menéu alternó sus primeros estudios en Castellón con su trabajo en una farmacia. Estudió Filosofía y Letras en Madrid, donde fue discípulo del arabista Francisco Codera y Zaidín, y se doctoró en 1887. Entre 1882 y 1885 colaboró activamente con su maestro y con Julián Ribera en la edición de la </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Bibliotheca Arabico-Hispana, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">voluminosa colección de obras árabes relacionadas con la historia de al-Andalus. Menéu realizó la tarea de tipógrafo con los caracteres arábigos y de corrector, trabajo en el que, dirá, “perdí la flor de mi juventud, para ganar un mal comer, por abnegación y altruismo a favor de todos y de las letras arábigas, lo que empujó y favoreció la escuela de Codera y su biblioteca arábiga”. Francisco Antón y Casaseca, periodista, dijo de él que era “hombre vivido, corrido e infantil”, dotado de gran “sentido común y práctico”.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">En la primavera de 1888 marchó a Tánger a montar la imprenta árabe de los padres franciscanos, y trabó amistad con el arabista padre José Lerchundi. Por encargo de Codera, según se refleja en la correspondenciaconservada, trató de localizar manuscritos árabes relativos a la historia de la Península, para lo cual trabó relación con libreros judíos. Proyectó un viaje a Fez que, parece, no realizó finalmente. Retornó a Madrid a fines de 1889, donde se encargó de la regencia de la imprenta del Ministerio de Gracia y Justicia. En carta al padre Lerchundi del 5 de diciembre de 1891, conservada en el Archivo de la Misión Católica de Tánger, reconoció dar clases de árabe en el Centro del Ejército.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">En 1895 no pudo opositar a una Cátedra de Hebreo en la Universidad de Sevilla por enfermedad. Fue nombrado catedrático de Hebreo en la Universidad de Salamanca el 25 de octubre de 1908.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Su relación con Unamuno, rector de la Universidad a su llegada a dicha ciudad, comenzó desde época anterior.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">En la correspondencia de Menéu con Unamuno, publicada por Laureano Robles, la primera carta que aparece está fechada en septiembre de 1898; en ella Menéu se dirige a Unamuno como “amigo y condiscípulo”.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">En vísperas de la obtención de la Cátedra de Salamanca, se reanudó la correspondencia que se prolongó hasta el final de su vida. La vacante de una Cátedra de Lengua Árabe en Salamanca le llevó a reivindicarla y finalmente se hizo cargo de ella el 13 de febrero de 1910. La amistad con Unamuno le llevó a realizar varios viajes con él en la Semana Santa de 1911 (Zamora, Benavente, Monasterio de Moreruela) y en la de 1914, a la Abadía de Silos.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">En 1913 solicitó trasladarse a una cátedra vacante de Hebreo en la Universidad Central, que finalmente no consiguió. En julio de 1922 permutó su Cátedra de Árabe de Salamanca con la de Maximiliano Alarcón y Santón en la Universidad de Granada, ciudad que consideró “quizá la más semítica de España” en carta al rector granadino Fermín Garrido y en la que se asentó hasta su jubilación. En ella instaló una Academia gratuita y libre de dialectos semíticos y bereberes.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Viajó a Marruecos en otras varias ocasiones. En mayo de 1911 se le concedió una beca para perfeccionar estudios de árabe, marchando ese verano a Tánger con tres jóvenes alumnos suyos de Salamanca. En marzo de 1924 viajó a Tetuán y Tánger en misión de estudio.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Publicó numerosos artículos en revistas y periódicos como </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">El Heraldo de Castellón, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">el </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Boletín de la Sociedad Castellonense de Cultura, Artes y Letras </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">(Castellón) o </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">El Adelanto </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">de Salamanca.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"> </span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Obras de ~: “Moros célebres de Onda”, en </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">El Archivo </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">(Denia), t. II, cuad. VIII (febrero de 1888), págs. 175-186; “Bechi, sus orígenes moros y su iglesia cristiana”, en </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">El Archivo </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">(Castellón) (1888); “Influencia de la lengua española en el árabe de Marruecos”, en </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Revista de Aragón </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">(Zaragoza), VI (1905); </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Los estudios semíticos y su reorganización en España. Discurso leído en la inauguración del curso académico de 1916 a 1917, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Salamanca, 1916; </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Etimología, bibliotecas hebreas del Antiguo Testamento. Discurso leído en la solemne apertura del curso académico de 1926-1927 en la Universidad de Granada, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Madrid, Talleres Voluntad, 1926.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"> </span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Bibl.: B. López García, “Correspondencia de Julián Ribera a Pascual Menéu: una amistad en una etapa decisiva del arabismo (1899-1904)”, en </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Homenaje a María Jesús Rubiera Mata, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">en </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Sharq al-Andalus. Estudios Árabes, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">10-11 (1993- 1994), págs. 499-526; L. Robles, “El arabista castellonense, Pascual Menéu, amigo de Unamuno (cartas inéditas)”, en </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Boletín de la Sociedad Castellonense de Cultura, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">t. LXX, cuad. 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