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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div 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Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelino_Alfano" title="Angelino Alfano – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Angelino Alfano" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelino_Alfano" title="Angelino Alfano – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Angelino Alfano" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelino_Alfano" title="Angelino Alfano – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Angelino Alfano" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CE%91%CE%BB%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%BF" title="Αντζελίνο Αλφάνο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αντζελίνο Αλφάνο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelino_Alfano" title="Angelino Alfano – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Angelino Alfano" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelino_Alfano" title="Angelino Alfano – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Angelino Alfano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88" title="آنجلینو آلفانو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آنجلینو آلفانو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelino_Alfano" title="Angelino Alfano – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Angelino Alfano" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%88%EC%A0%A4%EB%A6%AC%EB%85%B8_%EC%95%8C%ED%8C%8C%EB%85%B8" title="안젤리노 알파노 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="안젤리노 알파노" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelino_Alfano" title="Angelino Alfano – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Angelino Alfano" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelinus_Alfano" title="Angelinus Alfano – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Angelinus Alfano" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelino_Alfano" title="Angelino Alfano – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Angelino Alfano" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88" title="انجيلينو الفانو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="انجيلينو الفانو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelino_Alfano" title="Angelino Alfano – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Angelino Alfano" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%83%8E" title="アンジェリーノ・アルファノ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アンジェリーノ・アルファノ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelino_Alfano" title="Angelino Alfano – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Angelino Alfano" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelino_Alfano" title="Angelino Alfano – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Angelino Alfano" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE,_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Альфано, Анджелино – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Альфано, Анджелино" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ncilinu_Alfano" title="Ncilinu Alfano – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ncilinu Alfano" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelino_Alfano" title="Angelino Alfano – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Angelino Alfano" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelino_Alfano" title="Angelino Alfano – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Angelino Alfano" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelino_Alfano" title="Angelino Alfano – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Angelino Alfano" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Анджеліно Альфано – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Анджеліно Альфано" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelino_Alfano" title="Angelino Alfano – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Angelino Alfano" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%82%91%E5%88%A9%E8%AB%BE%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E6%B3%95%E8%AB%BE" title="安傑利諾·阿爾法諾 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="安傑利諾·阿爾法諾" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q535055#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Italian politician (born 1970)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Angelino Alfano</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Angelino_Alfano_2018_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Angelino_Alfano_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Angelino_Alfano_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="310" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Angelino_Alfano_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Angelino_Alfano_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Angelino_Alfano_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Angelino_Alfano_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="788" data-file-height="1112" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs">Minister of Foreign Affairs</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />12 December 2016 – 1 June 2018</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Gentiloni" title="Paolo Gentiloni">Paolo Gentiloni</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Paolo Gentiloni</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Enzo_Moavero_Milanesi" title="Enzo Moavero Milanesi">Enzo Moavero Milanesi</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">Chairperson-in-Office of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1 January 2018 – 1 June 2018</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Karin_Kneissl" title="Karin Kneissl">Karin Kneissl</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Enzo_Moavero_Milanesi" title="Enzo Moavero Milanesi">Enzo Moavero Milanesi</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_the_Interior" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Minister of the Interior">Minister of the Interior</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />28 April 2013 – 12 December 2016</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Letta" title="Enrico Letta">Enrico Letta</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Matteo_Renzi" title="Matteo Renzi">Matteo Renzi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anna_Maria_Cancellieri" class="mw-redirect" title="Anna Maria Cancellieri">Anna Maria Cancellieri</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Marco_Minniti" title="Marco Minniti">Marco Minniti</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Italy" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Italy">Deputy Prime Minister of Italy</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />28 April 2013 – 22 February 2014</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Letta" title="Enrico Letta">Enrico Letta</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Massimo_D%27Alema" title="Massimo D'Alema">Massimo D'Alema</a> (2008)<br /><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Rutelli" title="Francesco Rutelli">Francesco Rutelli</a> (2008)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Di_Maio" title="Luigi Di Maio">Luigi Di Maio</a> (2018)<br /><a href="/wiki/Matteo_Salvini" title="Matteo Salvini">Matteo Salvini</a> (2018)</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Minister of Justice">Minister of Justice</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />8 May 2008 – 27 July 2011</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Silvio_Berlusconi" title="Silvio Berlusconi">Silvio Berlusconi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Scotti" title="Luigi Scotti">Luigi Scotti</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nitto_Francesco_Palma" title="Nitto Francesco Palma">Nitto Francesco Palma</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Italy)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Italy)">Chamber of Deputies</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />30 May 2001 – 22 March 2018</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_constituencies#Sicily_1" title="List of Italian constituencies">Sicily 1</a> (2001–2013)<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_constituencies#Piedmont_1" title="List of Italian constituencies">Piedmont 1</a> (2013–2018)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1970-10-31</span>) </span>31 October 1970<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 54)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Agrigento" title="Agrigento">Agrigento</a>, Italy</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Christian_Democracy_(Italy)" title="Christian Democracy (Italy)">DC</a> (before 1994)<br /><a href="/wiki/Forza_Italia" title="Forza Italia">FI</a> (1994–2009)<br /><a href="/wiki/The_People_of_Freedom" title="The People of Freedom">PDL</a> (2009–2013)<br /><a href="/wiki/New_Centre-Right" title="New Centre-Right">NCD</a> (2013–2017)<br /><a href="/wiki/Popular_Alternative" title="Popular Alternative">AP</a> (since 2017)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Tiziana Miceli</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_Cattolica_del_Sacro_Cuore" title="Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore">Catholic University of the Sacred Heart</a><br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_Palermo" title="University of Palermo">University of Palermo</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Angelino Alfano</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Italian pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="it-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian" title="Help:IPA/Italian">[andʒeˈliːno<span class="wrap"> </span>alˈfaːno]</a></span>; born 31 October 1970) is an Italian former politician who served as <a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs">Minister of Foreign Affairs</a> from 12 December 2016 to 1 June 2018. </p><p>Alfano was <a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_the_Interior" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Minister of the Interior">Minister of the Interior</a> from 28 April 2013 to 12 December 2016, serving in the governments of <a href="/wiki/Matteo_Renzi" title="Matteo Renzi">Matteo Renzi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Enrico_Letta" title="Enrico Letta">Enrico Letta</a>; from 2013 to 2014 he held the office of <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Italy" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Italy">Deputy Prime Minister of Italy</a>, as part of the <a href="/wiki/Letta_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Letta Cabinet">Letta Cabinet</a>, and previously served as <a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Minister of Justice">Minister of Justice</a> from 2008 to 2011 as part of the <a href="/wiki/Berlusconi_IV_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Berlusconi IV Cabinet">Berlusconi IV Cabinet</a>. He was the first and only secretary of the centre-right party <a href="/wiki/The_People_of_Freedom" title="The People of Freedom">The People of Freedom</a> (PdL) from 2011 to 2013. In November 2013 he became Leader of the <a href="/wiki/New_Centre-Right" title="New Centre-Right">New Centre-Right</a> party which is a split from the PdL,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> until March 2017 when NCD was dissolved and <a href="/wiki/Popular_Alternative" title="Popular Alternative">Popular Alternative</a> was founded.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alfano is the first Italian politician to have held the offices of Minister of Justice, Minister of the Interior, and Minister of Foreign Affairs, which are considered among the most important ministries in the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabinet of Italy">Cabinet of Italy</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelino_Alfano&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alfano was born in <a href="/wiki/Agrigento" title="Agrigento">Agrigento</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a>, on 31 October 1970;<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> his father, Angelo Alfano, was a <a href="/wiki/Lawyer" title="Lawyer">lawyer</a> and local politician for the <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democracy_(Italy)" title="Christian Democracy (Italy)">Christian Democracy</a>, who also held the position of deputy mayor of Agrigento. </p><p>After receiving a <a href="/wiki/Law_degree" title="Law degree">law degree</a> from <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan's</a> <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_Cattolica_del_Sacro_Cuore" title="Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore">Università Cattolica</a> and a doctorate in <a href="/wiki/Corporate_law" title="Corporate law">Corporate law</a> from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Palermo" title="University of Palermo">University of Palermo</a>, Alfano started his political experience, as his father, with the Christian Democracy party. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_career">Political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelino_Alfano&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After some years in the Christian Democracy party, in 1994, when DC changed his name in the centre-left oriented <a href="/wiki/Italian_People%27s_Party_(1994)" title="Italian People's Party (1994)">Italian People's Party</a>, Alfano joined <a href="/wiki/Forza_Italia" title="Forza Italia">Forza Italia</a>, the new centre-right party founded by the media tycoon <a href="/wiki/Silvio_Berlusconi" title="Silvio Berlusconi">Silvio Berlusconi</a>, and was elected to the Agrigento Province Council. In 1996, Alfano was the youngest member elected to the <a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Regional_Assembly" title="Sicilian Regional Assembly">Sicilian Regional Assembly</a>. </p><p>In 2001, he became a member of the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Chamber_of_Deputies" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Chamber of Deputies">Italian Chamber of Deputies</a>, after the victory of the centre-right <a href="/wiki/House_of_Freedoms" title="House of Freedoms">House of Freedoms</a> coalition led by Berlusconi in the <a href="/wiki/2001_Italian_general_election" title="2001 Italian general election">2001 general election</a>. From 2005 to 2008 he also held the position of regional coordinator in <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> of the Forza Italia party. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minister_of_Justice">Minister of Justice</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelino_Alfano&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Minister of Justice"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EPP_Congress_Marseille_Angelino_Alfano.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/EPP_Congress_Marseille_Angelino_Alfano.jpg/220px-EPP_Congress_Marseille_Angelino_Alfano.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/EPP_Congress_Marseille_Angelino_Alfano.jpg/330px-EPP_Congress_Marseille_Angelino_Alfano.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/EPP_Congress_Marseille_Angelino_Alfano.jpg/440px-EPP_Congress_Marseille_Angelino_Alfano.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2128" data-file-height="1416" /></a><figcaption>Alfano at the <a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party" title="European People's Party">European People's Party</a> Congress in <a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a>, in 2011.</figcaption></figure> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/2008_Italian_general_election" title="2008 Italian general election">2008 elections</a> victory by the Berlusconi-led centre-right coalition, Alfano was again elected to Parliament. In May 2008, aged 37, he became the youngest <a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Minister of Justice">Minister of Justice</a> in the history of the Italian Republic. </p><p>The so-called <i><a href="/wiki/Lodo_Alfano" title="Lodo Alfano">Lodo Alfano</a></i>, named after him, was a piece of legislation in force between 2008 and 2009 that granted immunity from prosecution to the four highest political offices in Italy (President of the Republic, Presidents of the two Houses of Parliament, and Prime Minister). It was widely criticised as a copy of the <i>Lodo <a href="/wiki/Renato_Schifani" title="Renato Schifani">Schifani</a></i>, declared unconstitutional in 2004, and was seen by critics as an <i><a href="/wiki/Ad_personam" title="Ad personam">ad personam</a></i> law aimed primarily at stopping trials involving Berlusconi. The <i>Lodo Alfano</i> was declared unconstitutional by the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Constitutional_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Constitutional Court">Italian Constitutional Court</a> in October 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011 the <a href="/wiki/People_of_Freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="People of Freedom">People of Freedom</a> lost both local elections in <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a>, suffered a defeat at the <a href="/wiki/2011_Italian_referendums" title="2011 Italian referendums">2011 referendums</a> and a group of parliamentarians, close to <a href="/wiki/Gianfranco_Fini" title="Gianfranco Fini">Gianfranco Fini</a>, left the party in opposition to Berlusconi's policies and founded the <a href="/wiki/Future_and_Freedom" title="Future and Freedom">Future and Freedom</a> movement.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 1 June 2011 Angelino Alfano was appointed Political Secretary of the People of Freedom by party President Silvio Berlusconi in order to reorganise and lead it in the next election. He was later elected to that post by the 1 July meeting of the party's National Council.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minister_of_the_Interior">Minister of the Interior</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelino_Alfano&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Minister of the Interior"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 24 April 2013, the Vice-Secretary of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Italy)" title="Democratic Party (Italy)">Democratic Party</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enrico_Letta" title="Enrico Letta">Enrico Letta</a>, was invited to form a government by <a href="/wiki/President_of_Italy" title="President of Italy">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Napolitano" title="Giorgio Napolitano">Giorgio Napolitano</a>, after the resignation of <a href="/wiki/Pier_Luigi_Bersani" title="Pier Luigi Bersani">Pier Luigi Bersani</a> following weeks of political deadlock after the <a href="/wiki/2013_Italian_general_election" title="2013 Italian general election">2013 general election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 27 April Letta formally accepted the task of leading a <a href="/wiki/Grand_coalition_(Italy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand coalition (Italy)">grand coalition</a> government with support from the centre-left Democratic Party, the centre-right <a href="/wiki/People_of_Freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="People of Freedom">People of Freedom</a>, and the centrist <a href="/wiki/Civic_Choice" title="Civic Choice">Civic Choice</a>. The government became the first in the <a href="/wiki/History_of_Italy" title="History of Italy">history of the Italian Republic</a> to include representatives of all the major candidate-coalitions that had competed in the election. While Berlusconi himself refused to participate in the government, his aide Alfano, as Secretary of the PdL, became Deputy Prime Minister and <a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_the_Interior" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Minister of the Interior">Minister of the Interior</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc27apr_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc27apr-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EPP_Summit,_Brussels,_July_2014_(14667166764).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/EPP_Summit%2C_Brussels%2C_July_2014_%2814667166764%29.jpg/220px-EPP_Summit%2C_Brussels%2C_July_2014_%2814667166764%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/EPP_Summit%2C_Brussels%2C_July_2014_%2814667166764%29.jpg/330px-EPP_Summit%2C_Brussels%2C_July_2014_%2814667166764%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/EPP_Summit%2C_Brussels%2C_July_2014_%2814667166764%29.jpg/440px-EPP_Summit%2C_Brussels%2C_July_2014_%2814667166764%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3696" data-file-height="2456" /></a><figcaption>Alfano speaks with journalists during a European Summit in 2014.</figcaption></figure> <p>On 19 July 2013, the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Senate">Italian Senate</a> voted a confidence vote on Alfano, promoted by <a href="/wiki/Five_Star_Movement" title="Five Star Movement">Five Star Movement</a> and <a href="/wiki/Left_Ecology_Freedom" title="Left Ecology Freedom">Left Ecology Freedom</a>, after the expulsion from Italy of the wife and the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Mukhtar_Ablyazov" title="Mukhtar Ablyazov">Mukhtar Ablyazov</a>, a Kazakh dissident, approved by Alfano.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the vote Alfano was confirmed as minister. </p><p>In November 2013, Alfano broke with his mentor Berlusconi: He and other <a href="/wiki/People_of_Freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="People of Freedom">People of Freedom</a> ministers, known as "doves", were strong supporters of <a href="/wiki/Enrico_Letta" title="Enrico Letta">Enrico Letta</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Letta_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Letta Cabinet">government</a> and refused to join the new <a href="/wiki/Forza_Italia_(2013)" title="Forza Italia (2013)">Forza Italia</a> (FI), founded upon the dissolution of the PdL by Berlusconi. All five PdL ministers, three under-secretaries, 30 <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Republic_(Italy)" title="Senate of the Republic (Italy)">senators</a> and 27 <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Italy)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Italy)">deputies</a> immediately joined a new party called <a href="/wiki/New_Centre-Right" title="New Centre-Right">New Centre-Right</a> under Alfano's leadership.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most were <a href="/wiki/Christian_democracy" title="Christian democracy">Christian democrats</a> and many came from the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Italy" title="Southern Italy">southern</a> regions of <a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 13 February 2014, following his loss in a leadership election against <a href="/wiki/Matteo_Renzi" title="Matteo Renzi">Matteo Renzi</a>, the new Secretary of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Italy)" title="Democratic Party (Italy)">Democratic Party</a>, Letta announced he would resign as Prime Minister the following day. On 22 February Renzi was sworn in as Prime Minister and Alfano was confirmed as Interior Minister. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EPP_Summit,_Meise._Oct._2013_(10458141866).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/EPP_Summit%2C_Meise._Oct._2013_%2810458141866%29.jpg/220px-EPP_Summit%2C_Meise._Oct._2013_%2810458141866%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/EPP_Summit%2C_Meise._Oct._2013_%2810458141866%29.jpg/330px-EPP_Summit%2C_Meise._Oct._2013_%2810458141866%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/EPP_Summit%2C_Meise._Oct._2013_%2810458141866%29.jpg/440px-EPP_Summit%2C_Meise._Oct._2013_%2810458141866%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2464" data-file-height="1640" /></a><figcaption>Angelino Alfano with German Chancellor <a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>A major problem Alfano has faced, as Interior Minister, is <a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Italy" title="Immigration to Italy">illegal immigration</a> to Italy, which emerged as a result of the <a href="/wiki/Libyan_Civil_War_(2014%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Libyan Civil War (2014–present)">Libyan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian civil wars</a>. On 8 August 2014, the Italian Cabinet approved a law-decree contrasting the phenomenon of lawlessness and violence at sporting events and provided for the international protection of <a href="/wiki/Immigration" title="Immigration">migrants</a>. In November 2014, the Italian-run rescue option <a href="/wiki/Operation_Mare_Nostrum" title="Operation Mare Nostrum">Operation Mare Nostrum</a> was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Frontex" title="Frontex">Frontex</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Operation_Triton" title="Operation Triton">Operation Triton</a>, due to the refusal by several EU governments to fund it. </p><p>On 19 April 2015, a <a href="/wiki/April_2015_Mediterranean_Sea_migrant_shipwrecks" class="mw-redirect" title="April 2015 Mediterranean Sea migrant shipwrecks">huge shipwreck</a> took place in the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a>, causing the death of more than 700 migrants from <a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">North Africa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Captain_arrested_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Captain_arrested-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2015 six <a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Mafia" title="Sicilian Mafia">Sicilian Mafia</a> bosses, close to <a href="/wiki/Tot%C3%B2_Riina" class="mw-redirect" title="Totò Riina">Totò Riina</a>, were arrested for allegedly planning the assassination of Alfano.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a phone-tapped conversations the gang said they wanted Alfano to meet the same fate as <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>, the <a href="/wiki/US_President" class="mw-redirect" title="US President">US President</a> <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_John_Fitzgerald_Kennedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy">assassinated</a> in an open-top car in <a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a> in 1963. They also claimed the <a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Mafia" title="Sicilian Mafia">Sicilian Mafia</a> was behind the murder of the American President; in fact a boss accused both Kennedy and Alfano of rising to power with Mafia support then dismissing the crime group.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs">Minister of Foreign Affairs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelino_Alfano&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Minister of Foreign Affairs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Secretary_Tillerson,_E.U._High_Representative_Mogherini_and_Italian_Foreign_Minister_Alfano_Participate_in_a_Moment_of_Silence_at_the_Sant%27Anna_di_Stazzema_Massacre_Memorial_Site_(33912175796).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Secretary_Tillerson%2C_E.U._High_Representative_Mogherini_and_Italian_Foreign_Minister_Alfano_Participate_in_a_Moment_of_Silence_at_the_Sant%27Anna_di_Stazzema_Massacre_Memorial_Site_%2833912175796%29.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Secretary_Tillerson%2C_E.U._High_Representative_Mogherini_and_Italian_Foreign_Minister_Alfano_Participate_in_a_Moment_of_Silence_at_the_Sant%27Anna_di_Stazzema_Massacre_Memorial_Site_%2833912175796%29.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Secretary_Tillerson%2C_E.U._High_Representative_Mogherini_and_Italian_Foreign_Minister_Alfano_Participate_in_a_Moment_of_Silence_at_the_Sant%27Anna_di_Stazzema_Massacre_Memorial_Site_%2833912175796%29.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Alfano with <a href="/wiki/U.S._Secretary_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Secretary of State">U.S. Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/Rex_Tillerson" title="Rex Tillerson">Rex Tillerson</a> and <a href="/wiki/High_Representative_of_the_Union_for_Foreign_Affairs_and_Security_Policy" title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy">E.U. High Representative</a> <a href="/wiki/Federica_Mogherini" title="Federica Mogherini">Federica Mogherini</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sant%27Anna_di_Stazzema" title="Sant'Anna di Stazzema">Sant'Anna di Stazzema</a>, April 2017.</figcaption></figure> <p>On 7 December 2016, Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Matteo_Renzi" title="Matteo Renzi">Matteo Renzi</a> announced his resignation, following the rejection of his proposals to overhaul the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Senate">Italian Senate</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2016_Italian_constitutional_referendum" title="2016 Italian constitutional referendum">2016 Italian constitutional referendum</a>. A few days later, on 11 December 2016, the Foreign Affairs Minister <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Gentiloni" title="Paolo Gentiloni">Paolo Gentiloni</a> was asked by President Mattarella to form a new government.<sup id="cite_ref-cor_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cor-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the following day Gentiloni was officially sworn in as the new head of the government.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Angelino Alfano was appointed, by the new Prime Minister and by President Mattarella, new <a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs">Minister of Foreign Affairs</a>, succeeding Gentiloni.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 18 March 2017, Alfano, <a href="/wiki/Maurizio_Lupi" title="Maurizio Lupi">Maurizio Lupi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Formigoni" title="Roberto Formigoni">Roberto Formigoni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beatrice_Lorenzin" title="Beatrice Lorenzin">Beatrice Lorenzin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fabrizio_Cicchitto" title="Fabrizio Cicchitto">Fabrizio Cicchitto</a> and other important members of NCD, announced the dissolution of the New Centre-Right and founded the new party, <a href="/wiki/Popular_Alternative" title="Popular Alternative">Popular Alternative</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alfano's subsequent aim was to build a centre-right alliance with the <a href="/wiki/Forza_Italia_(2013)" title="Forza Italia (2013)">Forza Italia</a> of his former colleague Silvio Berlusconi, but he strongly opposed a coalition with <a href="/wiki/Matteo_Salvini" title="Matteo Salvini">Matteo Salvini</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Lega_Nord" title="Lega Nord">Northern League</a>, a very important partner of the <a href="/wiki/Centre-right_coalition_(Italy)" title="Centre-right coalition (Italy)">centre-right coalition</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Giorgia_Meloni" title="Giorgia Meloni">Giorgia Meloni</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Brothers_of_Italy" title="Brothers of Italy">Brothers of Italy</a>, which he considered too <a href="/wiki/Populist" class="mw-redirect" title="Populist">populist</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in December 2017, Alfano officially announced that he would not participate anymore in the <a href="/wiki/2018_Italian_general_election" title="2018 Italian general election">2018 general election</a>, as his party was deeply split between following the center-left of Renzi, which they were currently supporting in the government, or the center-right of Berlusconi, which had been their original roots.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Finally, the remaining bulk of his party under the leadership of his ally Beatrice Lorenzin joined the centre-left coalition as <a href="/wiki/Popular_Civic_List" title="Popular Civic List">Popular Civic List</a> and won two seats. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversy">Controversy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelino_Alfano&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Angelino_Alfano_EPP.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Angelino_Alfano_EPP.jpeg/180px-Angelino_Alfano_EPP.jpeg" decoding="async" width="180" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Angelino_Alfano_EPP.jpeg/270px-Angelino_Alfano_EPP.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Angelino_Alfano_EPP.jpeg/360px-Angelino_Alfano_EPP.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1036" data-file-height="1436" /></a><figcaption>Angelino Alfano in 2015.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2002, <i><a href="/wiki/La_Repubblica" title="La Repubblica">La Repubblica</a></i> reported the presence of Alfano at the 1996 wedding of the daughter of Croce Napoli (died 2001), believed by investigators<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> to be the Mafia boss of <a href="/wiki/Palma_di_Montechiaro" title="Palma di Montechiaro">Palma di Montechiaro</a>. As shown on an amateur video of the party, Alfano, then a deputy of the <a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Regional_Assembly" title="Sicilian Regional Assembly">Sicilian Regional Assembly</a>, was greeted with affection by Croce Napoli. Alfano at first told <i>La Repubblica</i> he had "no memory or recollection of this wedding" and that "I never participated in a wedding of Mafia or of their children, I do not know his wife, Gabriella, and I've never heard of Mr. Croce Napoli who was said to be boss of Palma di Montechiaro."<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later he said that he remembered that he was actually at the wedding but had been invited by the groom and did not know the bride and her family.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, he was threatened with a <a href="/wiki/No-confidence" class="mw-redirect" title="No-confidence">no-confidence</a> motion, since under his watch as interior minister he expelled back to <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> the wife and six-year-old daughter of an exiled opponent of Kazakhstan's president, <a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a>. The expulsion was linked to Italy's commercial interests in oil- and gas-rich Kazakhstan.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelino_Alfano&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He is married to Tiziana Miceli,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a civil lawyer. They have two sons.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelino_Alfano&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_foreign_ministers_in_2017" title="List of foreign ministers in 2017">List of foreign ministers in 2017</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelino_Alfano&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKevin_Lees2013" class="citation news cs1">Kevin Lees (18 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://suffragio.org/2013/11/18/what-the-alfano-berlusconi-split-means-for-italian-politics/">"What the Alfano-Berlusconi split means for Italian politics"</a>. <i>Suffragio</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Rome: Gruppo Editoriale L’Espresso. 31 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Repubblica&rft.atitle=L%27ascesa+di+Paolo+Gentiloni%2C+dalla+Margherita+alla+Farnesina&rft.date=2014-10-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.repubblica.it%2Fpolitica%2F2014%2F10%2F31%2Fnews%2Fpaolo_gentiloni_vita_scheda-99433494%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelino+Alfano" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2016/12/12/news/consultazioni_gentiloni_ministri_governo-153941735/?ref=HREA-1">Nasce il governo Gentiloni, ministri confermati tranne Giannini. Alfano agli Esteri. Minniti all'Interno. Boschi sottosegretario</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/notizie/2016-12-12/nasce-governo-gentiloni-alfano-esteri-minniti-interni-174223.shtml?uuid=ADUnLUCC">Nasce il governo Gentiloni: Alfano agli Esteri, Minniti agli Interni</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2017/03/18/news/ncd_si_scioglie_alfano_alternativa_popolare-160836250/">Ncd si scioglie, Alfano battezza "Alternativa Popolare"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gazzettadiparma.it/news/italia-mondo/420298/alfano-fi-sta-con-lepenisti-centrodestra-non-innovabile.html">Alfano, FI sta con lepenisti, centrodestra non innovabile</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rainews.it/dl/rainews/media/Angelino-Alfano-a-Porta-a-Porta-Non-mi-ricandido-ci-sono-momenti-in-cui-servono-dei-gesti-video-ee64e809-5a94-4af0-a64c-2cbfce56006f.html">Angelino Alfano a Porta a Porta: "Non mi ricandido. Ci sono momenti in cui servono dei gesti"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrancesco_Viviano2002" class="citation news cs1">Francesco Viviano (5 February 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2002/02/05/il-bacio-pericoloso-di-alfano.html">"Il bacio pericoloso di Alfano"</a>. <i>La Repubblica</i>. p. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Repubblica&rft.atitle=Il+bacio+pericoloso+di+Alfano&rft.pages=1&rft.date=2002-02-05&rft.au=Francesco+Viviano&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fricerca.repubblica.it%2Frepubblica%2Farchivio%2Frepubblica%2F2002%2F02%2F05%2Fil-bacio-pericoloso-di-alfano.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelino+Alfano" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrancesco_Viviano2002" class="citation news cs1">Francesco Viviano (6 February 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2002/02/06/alfano-ricorda-ero-amico-dello-sposo.html">"Alfano ricorda: 'Ero amico dello sposo"</a>. <i>La Repubblica</i>. p. 6<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Repubblica&rft.atitle=Alfano+ricorda%3A+%27Ero+amico+dello+sposo&rft.pages=6&rft.date=2002-02-06&rft.au=Francesco+Viviano&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fricerca.repubblica.it%2Frepubblica%2Farchivio%2Frepubblica%2F2002%2F02%2F06%2Falfano-ricorda-ero-amico-dello-sposo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelino+Alfano" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/news/europe/21582014-head-government-meant-be-living-day-day-enrico-letta-has-some-strikingly/print">"Shirtsleeve time"</a>. <i>The Economist</i>. London and Rome. 20 July 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=Shirtsleeve+time&rft.date=2013-07-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnews%2Feurope%2F21582014-head-government-meant-be-living-day-day-enrico-letta-has-some-strikingly%2Fprint&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelino+Alfano" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/blogs/charlemagne/2013/07/italian-politics-1">"Italian politics: Nursultan Nazarbayev's chum in Italy"</a>, <i>The Economist</i>, 16 July 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150418064335/http://www.lettera43.it/politica/tiziana-miceli-moglie-di-alfano-e-miss-consulenze_43675167281.htm">"Tiziana Miceli, moglie di Alfano e miss consulenze"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lettera43.it/politica/tiziana-miceli-moglie-di-alfano-e-miss-consulenze_43675167281.htm">the original</a> on 18 April 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tiziana+Miceli%2C+moglie+di+Alfano+e+miss+consulenze&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lettera43.it%2Fpolitica%2Ftiziana-miceli-moglie-di-alfano-e-miss-consulenze_43675167281.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelino+Alfano" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130324043533/http://cinquantamila.corriere.it/storyTellerThread.php?threadId=ALFANO+Angelino">"ALFANO Angelino - biografia"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cinquantamila.corriere.it/storyTellerThread.php?threadId=ALFANO+Angelino">the original</a> on 24 March 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ALFANO+Angelino+-+biografia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcinquantamila.corriere.it%2FstoryTellerThread.php%3FthreadId%3DALFANO%2BAngelino&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelino+Alfano" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelino_Alfano&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Angelino_Alfano" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Angelino Alfano">Angelino Alfano</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Scotti" title="Luigi Scotti">Luigi Scotti</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Minister of Justice">Minister of Justice</a> </b><br />2008–2011 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Nitto_Francesco_Palma" title="Nitto Francesco Palma">Nitto Francesco Palma</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Massimo_D%27Alema" title="Massimo D'Alema">Massimo D'Alema</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2"><b> <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Italy" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Italy">Deputy Prime Minister of Italy</a> </b><br />2013–2014 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Matteo_Salvini" title="Matteo Salvini">Matteo Salvini</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Rutelli" title="Francesco Rutelli">Francesco Rutelli</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Di_Maio" title="Luigi Di Maio">Luigi Di Maio</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Anna_Maria_Cancellieri" class="mw-redirect" title="Anna Maria Cancellieri">Anna Maria Cancellieri</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_the_Interior" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Minister of the Interior">Minister of the Interior</a> </b><br />2013–2016 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Marco_Minniti" title="Marco Minniti">Marco Minniti</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Gentiloni" title="Paolo Gentiloni">Paolo Gentiloni</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs">Minister of Foreign Affairs</a> </b><br />2016–2018 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Enzo_Moavero_Milanesi" title="Enzo Moavero Milanesi">Enzo Moavero Milanesi</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>New office</b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Secretary of the <a href="/wiki/The_People_of_Freedom" title="The People of Freedom">People of Freedom</a> </b><br />2011–2013 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;"><b>Party abolished </b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg/113px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti">Togliatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti">Togliatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Italy#List_of_deputy_prime_ministers" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Italy">Rodinò</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Nenni" title="Pietro Nenni">Nenni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manlio_Brosio" title="Manlio Brosio">Brosio</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italian Republic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><figure class="mw-halign-right mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/75px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/113px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/150px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Einaudi" title="Luigi Einaudi">Einaudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randolfo_Pacciardi" title="Randolfo Pacciardi">Pacciardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Saragat" title="Giuseppe Saragat">Saragat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attilio_Piccioni" title="Attilio Piccioni">Piccioni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Porzio" title="Giovanni Porzio">Porzio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attilio_Piccioni" title="Attilio Piccioni">Piccioni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Saragat" title="Giuseppe Saragat">Saragat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Pella" title="Giuseppe Pella">Pella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Segni" title="Antonio Segni">Segni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attilio_Piccioni" title="Attilio Piccioni">Piccioni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Nenni" title="Pietro Nenni">Nenni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_De_Martino" title="Francesco De Martino">De Martino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Emilio_Taviani" title="Paolo Emilio Taviani">Taviani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_De_Martino" title="Francesco De Martino">De Martino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Tanassi" title="Mario Tanassi">Tanassi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugo_La_Malfa" title="Ugo La Malfa">La Malfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugo_La_Malfa" title="Ugo La Malfa">La Malfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnaldo_Forlani" title="Arnaldo Forlani">Forlani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuliano_Amato" title="Giuliano Amato">Amato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gianni_De_Michelis" title="Gianni De Michelis">De Michelis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudio_Martelli" title="Claudio Martelli">Martelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Maroni" title="Roberto Maroni">Maroni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Tatarella" title="Giuseppe Tatarella">Tatarella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Veltroni" title="Walter Veltroni">Veltroni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Mattarella" title="Sergio Mattarella">Mattarella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gianfranco_Fini" title="Gianfranco Fini">Fini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Follini" title="Marco Follini">Follini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giulio_Tremonti" title="Giulio Tremonti">Tremonti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massimo_D%27Alema" title="Massimo D'Alema">D'Alema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Rutelli" title="Francesco Rutelli">Rutelli</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alfano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matteo_Salvini" title="Matteo Salvini">Salvini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Di_Maio" title="Luigi Di Maio">Di Maio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Tajani" title="Antonio Tajani">Tajani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matteo_Salvini" title="Matteo Salvini">Salvini</a></li></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Italian_Ministers_of_Foreign_Affairs" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Italian_Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs" title="Template:Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Italian_Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs" title="Template talk:Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Italian_Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Italian_Ministers_of_Foreign_Affairs" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Italy)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Italy)">Italian Ministers of Foreign Affairs</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:11pt;"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camillo_Benso,_Count_of_Cavour" title="Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour">Cavour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettino_Ricasoli" title="Bettino Ricasoli">Ricasoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urbano_Rattazzi" title="Urbano Rattazzi">Rattazzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Pasolini" title="Giuseppe Pasolini">Pasolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Visconti_Venosta" title="Emilio Visconti Venosta">Visconti-Venosta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Ferrero_La_Marmora" title="Alfonso Ferrero La Marmora">La Marmora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Visconti_Venosta" title="Emilio Visconti Venosta">Visconti-Venosta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompeo_Di_Campello" title="Pompeo Di Campello">Campello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Federico_Menabrea" title="Luigi Federico Menabrea">Menabrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Visconti_Venosta" title="Emilio Visconti Venosta">Visconti-Venosta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Amedeo_Melegari" title="Luigi Amedeo Melegari">Melegari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agostino_Depretis" title="Agostino Depretis">Depretis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lodovico,_Count_Corti" class="mw-redirect" title="Lodovico, Count Corti">Corti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedetto_Cairoli" title="Benedetto Cairoli">Cairoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agostino_Depretis" title="Agostino Depretis">Depretis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedetto_Cairoli" title="Benedetto Cairoli">Cairoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasquale_Stanislao_Mancini" title="Pasquale Stanislao Mancini">Mancini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agostino_Depretis" title="Agostino Depretis">Depretis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Felice_Nicolis,_conte_di_Robilant" title="Carlo Felice Nicolis, conte di Robilant">Robilant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agostino_Depretis" title="Agostino Depretis">Depretis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Crispi" title="Francesco Crispi">Crispi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Starabba,_Marchese_di_Rudin%C3%AC" title="Antonio Starabba, Marchese di Rudinì">Starabba di Rudinì</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedetto_Brin" title="Benedetto Brin">Brin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Blanc" title="Alberto Blanc">Blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onorato_Caetani_(1842%E2%80%931917)" title="Onorato Caetani (1842–1917)">Caetani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raffaele_Cappelli" title="Raffaele Cappelli">Capelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felice_Napoleone_Canevaro" title="Felice Napoleone Canevaro">Canevaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Visconti_Venosta" title="Emilio Visconti Venosta">Visconti-Venosta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giulio_Prinetti" title="Giulio Prinetti">Prinetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommaso_Tittoni" title="Tommaso Tittoni">Tittoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonino_Patern%C3%B2_Castello,_Marchese_di_San_Giuliano" title="Antonino Paternò Castello, Marchese di San Giuliano">Paternò Castello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Guicciardini_(politician)" title="Francesco Guicciardini (politician)">Guicciardini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommaso_Tittoni" title="Tommaso Tittoni">Tittoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Guicciardini_(politician)" title="Francesco Guicciardini (politician)">Guicciardini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonino_Patern%C3%B2_Castello,_Marchese_di_San_Giuliano" title="Antonino Paternò Castello, Marchese di San Giuliano">Paternò Castello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Sonnino" title="Sidney Sonnino">Sonnino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommaso_Tittoni" title="Tommaso Tittoni">Tittoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Scialoja" title="Vittorio Scialoja">Scialoja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Sforza" title="Carlo Sforza">Sforza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Tomasi_Della_Torretta" title="Pietro Tomasi Della Torretta">Tommasi della Torretta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Schanzer" title="Carlo Schanzer">Schanzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Mussolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dino_Grandi" title="Dino Grandi">Grandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Mussolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galeazzo_Ciano" title="Galeazzo Ciano">Ciano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Mussolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raffaele_Guariglia" title="Raffaele Guariglia">Guariglia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Badoglio" title="Pietro Badoglio">Badoglio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivanoe_Bonomi" title="Ivanoe Bonomi">Bonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcide_De_Gasperi" title="Alcide De Gasperi">De Gasperi</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lesser_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_(1890).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lesser_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281890%29.svg/42px-Lesser_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281890%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lesser_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281890%29.svg/63px-Lesser_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281890%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lesser_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281890%29.svg/84px-Lesser_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281890%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="685" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/50px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/75px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/100px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="710" data-file-height="808" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:11pt;"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italian Republic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcide_De_Gasperi" title="Alcide De Gasperi">De Gasperi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Nenni" title="Pietro Nenni">Nenni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Sforza" title="Carlo Sforza">Sforza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcide_De_Gasperi" title="Alcide De Gasperi">De Gasperi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Pella" title="Giuseppe Pella">Pella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attilio_Piccioni" title="Attilio Piccioni">Piccioni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Martino" title="Gaetano Martino">Martino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Pella" title="Giuseppe Pella">Pella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amintore_Fanfani" title="Amintore Fanfani">Fanfani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Pella" title="Giuseppe Pella">Pella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Segni" title="Antonio Segni">Segni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amintore_Fanfani" title="Amintore Fanfani">Fanfani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attilio_Piccioni" title="Attilio Piccioni">Piccioni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Saragat" title="Giuseppe Saragat">Saragat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldo_Moro" title="Aldo Moro">Moro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amintore_Fanfani" title="Amintore Fanfani">Fanfani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldo_Moro" title="Aldo Moro">Moro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amintore_Fanfani" title="Amintore Fanfani">Fanfani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Medici" title="Giuseppe Medici">Medici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Nenni" title="Pietro Nenni">Nenni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldo_Moro" title="Aldo Moro">Moro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Medici" title="Giuseppe Medici">Medici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldo_Moro" title="Aldo Moro">Moro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariano_Rumor" title="Mariano Rumor">Rumor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnaldo_Forlani" title="Arnaldo Forlani">Forlani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_Maria_Malfatti" title="Franco Maria Malfatti">Malfatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attilio_Ruffini" title="Attilio Ruffini">Ruffini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Colombo" title="Emilio Colombo">Colombo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giulio_Andreotti" title="Giulio Andreotti">Andreotti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gianni_De_Michelis" title="Gianni De Michelis">De Michelis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Scotti" title="Vincenzo Scotti">Scotti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Colombo" title="Emilio Colombo">Colombo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beniamino_Andreatta" title="Beniamino Andreatta">Andreatta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leopoldo_Elia" title="Leopoldo Elia">Elia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Martino" title="Antonio Martino">Martino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susanna_Agnelli" title="Susanna Agnelli">Agnelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamberto_Dini" title="Lamberto Dini">Dini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renato_Ruggiero" title="Renato Ruggiero">Ruggiero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvio_Berlusconi" title="Silvio Berlusconi">Berlusconi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_Frattini" title="Franco Frattini">Frattini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gianfranco_Fini" title="Gianfranco Fini">Fini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massimo_D%27Alema" title="Massimo D'Alema">D'Alema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_Frattini" title="Franco Frattini">Frattini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giulio_Terzi_di_Sant%27Agata" title="Giulio Terzi di Sant'Agata">Terzi di Sant'Agata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Bonino" title="Emma Bonino">Bonino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federica_Mogherini" title="Federica Mogherini">Mogherini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Gentiloni" title="Paolo Gentiloni">Gentiloni</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alfano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enzo_Moavero_Milanesi" title="Enzo Moavero Milanesi">Moavero Milanesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Di_Maio" title="Luigi Di Maio">Di Maio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Tajani" title="Antonio Tajani">Tajani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Berlusconi_IV_Cabinet_(2008–2011)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Berlusconi_IV_Cabinet" title="Template:Berlusconi IV Cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Berlusconi_IV_Cabinet" title="Template talk:Berlusconi IV Cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Berlusconi_IV_Cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Berlusconi IV Cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Berlusconi_IV_Cabinet_(2008–2011)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Berlusconi_IV_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Berlusconi IV Cabinet">Berlusconi IV Cabinet</a> (2008–2011)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Silvio_Berlusconi" title="Silvio Berlusconi">Berlusconi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giulio_Tremonti" title="Giulio Tremonti">Tremonti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Maroni" title="Roberto Maroni">Maroni</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alfano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitto_Francesco_Palma" title="Nitto Francesco Palma">Palma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_Frattini" title="Franco Frattini">Frattini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurizio_Sacconi" title="Maurizio Sacconi">Sacconi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferruccio_Fazio" title="Ferruccio Fazio">Fazio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariastella_Gelmini" title="Mariastella Gelmini">Gelmini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignazio_La_Russa" title="Ignazio La Russa">La Russa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudio_Scajola" title="Claudio Scajola">Scajola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Romani" title="Paolo Romani">Romani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luca_Zaia" title="Luca Zaia">Zaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Saverio_Romano" title="Francesco Saverio Romano">Romano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefania_Prestigiacomo" title="Stefania Prestigiacomo">Prestigiacomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altero_Matteoli" title="Altero Matteoli">Matteoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandro_Bondi" title="Sandro Bondi">Bondi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giancarlo_Galan" title="Giancarlo Galan">Galan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umberto_Bossi" title="Umberto Bossi">Bossi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Ronchi" title="Andrea Ronchi">Ronchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Maria_Bernini" title="Anna Maria Bernini">Bernini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elio_Vito" title="Elio Vito">Vito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renato_Brunetta" title="Renato Brunetta">Brunetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Calderoli" title="Roberto Calderoli">Calderoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raffaele_Fitto" title="Raffaele Fitto">Fitto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgia_Meloni" title="Giorgia Meloni">Meloni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mara_Carfagna" title="Mara Carfagna">Carfagna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gianfranco_Rotondi" title="Gianfranco Rotondi">Rotondi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michela_Vittoria_Brambilla" title="Michela Vittoria Brambilla">Brambilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldo_Brancher" title="Aldo Brancher">Brancher</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/55px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/83px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/110px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="710" data-file-height="808" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Letta_Cabinet_(2013–14)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Letta_Cabinet" title="Template:Letta Cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Letta_Cabinet" title="Template talk:Letta Cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Letta_Cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Letta Cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Letta_Cabinet_(2013–14)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Letta_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Letta Cabinet">Letta Cabinet</a> (2013–14)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alfano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Bonino" title="Emma Bonino">Bonino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massimo_Bray" title="Massimo Bray">Bray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Maria_Cancellieri" class="mw-redirect" title="Anna Maria Cancellieri">Cancellieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Chiara_Carrozza" title="Maria Chiara Carrozza">Carrozza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gianpiero_D%27Alia" title="Gianpiero D'Alia">D'Alia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dario_Franceschini" title="Dario Franceschini">Franceschini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunzia_De_Girolamo" title="Nunzia De Girolamo">De Girolamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graziano_Delrio" title="Graziano Delrio">Delrio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Giovannini" title="Enrico Giovannini">Giovannini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josefa_Idem" title="Josefa Idem">Idem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9cile_Kyenge" title="Cécile Kyenge">Kyenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Letta" title="Enrico Letta">Letta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatrice_Lorenzin" title="Beatrice Lorenzin">Lorenzin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurizio_Lupi" title="Maurizio Lupi">Lupi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enzo_Moavero_Milanesi" title="Enzo Moavero Milanesi">Moavero Milanesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Mauro" title="Mario Mauro">Mauro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Orlando" title="Andrea Orlando">Orlando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Quagliariello" title="Gaetano Quagliariello">Quagliariello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabrizio_Saccomanni" title="Fabrizio Saccomanni">Saccomanni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Trigilia" title="Carlo Trigilia">Trigilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavio_Zanonato" title="Flavio Zanonato">Zanonato</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/55px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/83px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/110px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="710" data-file-height="808" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Renzi_Cabinet_(2014–16)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Renzi_Cabinet" title="Template:Renzi Cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Renzi_Cabinet" title="Template talk:Renzi Cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Renzi_Cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Renzi Cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Renzi_Cabinet_(2014–16)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Renzi_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Renzi Cabinet">Renzi Cabinet</a> (2014–16)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Prime Minister</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matteo_Renzi" title="Matteo Renzi">Matteo Renzi</a></li></ul></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/55px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/83px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/110px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="710" data-file-height="808" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Ministers</b> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alfano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Elena_Boschi" title="Maria Elena Boschi">Boschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Calenda" title="Carlo Calenda">Calenda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Costa_(politician)" title="Enrico Costa (politician)">Costa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graziano_Delrio" title="Graziano Delrio">Delrio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dario_Franceschini" title="Dario Franceschini">Franceschini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gian_Luca_Galletti" title="Gian Luca Galletti">Galletti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Gentiloni" title="Paolo Gentiloni">Gentiloni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefania_Giannini" title="Stefania Giannini">Giannini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federica_Guidi" title="Federica Guidi">Guidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Carmela_Lanzetta" title="Maria Carmela Lanzetta">Lanzetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatrice_Lorenzin" title="Beatrice Lorenzin">Lorenzin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurizio_Lupi" title="Maurizio Lupi">Lupi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianna_Madia" title="Marianna Madia">Madia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurizio_Martina" title="Maurizio Martina">Martina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federica_Mogherini" title="Federica Mogherini">Mogherini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Orlando" title="Andrea Orlando">Orlando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pier_Carlo_Padoan" title="Pier Carlo Padoan">Padoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberta_Pinotti" title="Roberta Pinotti">Pinotti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuliano_Poletti" title="Giuliano Poletti">Poletti</a></li></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Gentiloni_Cabinet_(2016–18)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gentiloni_Cabinet" title="Template:Gentiloni Cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gentiloni_Cabinet" title="Template talk:Gentiloni Cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gentiloni_Cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gentiloni Cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Gentiloni_Cabinet_(2016–18)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Gentiloni_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Gentiloni Cabinet">Gentiloni Cabinet</a> (2016–18)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Prime Minister</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Gentiloni" title="Paolo Gentiloni">Paolo Gentiloni</a></li></ul></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/55px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/83px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/110px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="710" data-file-height="808" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Ministers</b> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alfano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Calenda" title="Carlo Calenda">Calenda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Costa_(politician)" title="Enrico Costa (politician)">Costa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graziano_Delrio" title="Graziano Delrio">Delrio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudio_De_Vincenti" title="Claudio De Vincenti">De Vincenti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valeria_Fedeli" title="Valeria Fedeli">Fedeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dario_Franceschini" title="Dario Franceschini">Franceschini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gian_Luca_Galletti" title="Gian Luca Galletti">Galletti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatrice_Lorenzin" title="Beatrice Lorenzin">Lorenzin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luca_Lotti" title="Luca Lotti">Lotti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianna_Madia" title="Marianna Madia">Madia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurizio_Martina" title="Maurizio Martina">Martina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Minniti" title="Marco Minniti">Minniti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Orlando" title="Andrea Orlando">Orlando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pier_Carlo_Padoan" title="Pier Carlo Padoan">Padoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberta_Pinotti" title="Roberta Pinotti">Pinotti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuliano_Poletti" title="Giuliano Poletti">Poletti</a></li></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535055#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535055#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535055#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000363630328">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/227756417">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJptWfFcYjCHP3R3bC6h73">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1019561912">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2012006880">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Alfano, Angelino"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV243351">Italy</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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