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Laura is a proud former resident of the New Jersey shore, a competitive swimmer, and a fierce defender of the Oxford comma.","url":"https://www.popsci.com/authors/laura-baisas/","image":"https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/19/laura.jpg?quality=85","sameAs":["https://www.instagram.com/popsci/"]}],"headline":"Florida’s famous manatees were originally tourists","datePublished":"2024-11-20T14:00:00-05:00","dateModified":"2024-11-20T14:00:00-05:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.popsci.com/environment/florida-manatees/"},"wordCount":914,"publisher":{"@id":"https://www.popsci.com/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.popsci.com/environment/florida-manatees/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?quality=85","keywords":["news"],"articleSection":["Animals","Biology","Climate Change","Conservation","Environment","Evolution","Ocean","Science","Wildlife"],"inLanguage":"en-US","ArticleBody":"Florida’s manatees are as much a part of the state’s seascape as flamingoes, dolphins, reef fish, and smelly seaweed. However, these gentle “sea cows” might have arrived in the state fairly recently. Like the millions of tourists who visit the Sunshine State every year, manatees may have only occasionally visited Florida for short stints before returning home to Cuba and other parts of the Caribbean. The marine mammals potentially only became a fixture in Florida after European colonization and they may have initially flourished due to the same force that is threatening them today–a rapidly warming and transforming planet. The findings are detailed in a study published November 20 in the journal PLOS ONE.\n\n\n\nOver the course of his career, study co-author and University of South Florida anthropologist Thomas Pluckhahn realized that there was a lack of evidence showing that there was a large population of manatees in the pre-colonial era. The manatee population in Tampa Bay wasn’t even deemed plentiful until the 1950s. \n\n\n\n[Related: Wildlife officials are taking radical steps to save Florida’s starving manatees.]\n\n\n\n“It is commonly assumed that Florida manatee populations were once larger than they are today,” Pluckhahn said in a statement. “Many will find the results surprising, not only because it contradicts this assumption but also because it indicates the complexity of changes that have taken place in the Anthropocene.” \n\n\n\nThe anthropocene is our current period during which human activity has the most influence on climate and the environment. Florida anthropologists and archeologists who dig into the anthropocene and ages past began to notice that manatee bones were a rarity at archeological sites in Florida. According to Pluckhahn, they haven’t even been found in Crystal River, the Manatee Capital of the World located in western Florida.\n\n\n\nManatees and tourists crowd the Three Sisters Spring at Crystal River, Florida, on a cold morning. CREDIT: Thomas J. Pluckhahn.\n\n\n\nIn the new study, the team reviewed roughly 70 archaeological reports with a systematic collection and analysis of almost two million animal bones. Almost none of the bones were from manatees. When they expanded the review to other excavations, they found about a dozen reports of manatee bones that had been fashioned into tools or ornaments. However, that is not enough evidence that the mammals had a large pre-colonial Florida population.\n\n\n\nThe team hypothesizes that it is possible that manatees were not swimming in precolonial Florida at all. The tools and ornaments made with manatee bones may have arrived here via Native Americans trading with those from the Caribbean.\n\n\n\n“The problem with that is people have been looking for proof of contact between Florida and the Caribbean during the pre-colonial era for a long time and haven’t been able to nail it down,” Pluckhahn said.\n\n\n\nFossilized bones of Sirenians (the order that includes past and present manatee species), such as these examples from a site in Tampa Bay, are not uncommon on archaeological sites in Florida. But unfossilized bones of more recent manatees (from the last 12,000 years) are quite rare—suggesting sea cows may have been infrequent visitors to the Florida peninsula before the modern era. CREDIT: Thomas J. Pluckhahn\n\n\n\nAnother hypothesis is that manatees were in abundance, but there are not many bones at excavation sites because they were not hunted like other animals. However, manatees do not appear in any of the expedition logs penned by explorers who landed in Tampa Bay in between 1528 and 1595.\n\n\n\nAccording to Pluckhahn, the most logical hypothesis is that manatees were then later “present only in very low numbers in Florida as occasional visitors from the Caribbean and then settled here permanently.”\n\n\n\nThe first reliable written accounts of Florida manatees date back to the period of British rule in the late 1700s. Even then, the sightings appear to have been rare. In the 1920s and 1930s, local print media began to cover manatee sightings in Miami and St. Augustine. By the mid-1950s, there were reports that manatees were “becoming more plentiful” in Tampa Bay and a few were speculated to have become permanent residents of Crystal River.  \n\n\n\nThe sudden change in manatee population likely occurred because Florida’s waters began to warm up. They were too frigid for manatees due the Little Ice Age. This period of intermittent cooling began during the 1200s and lasted through the 1800s.\n\n\n\nThe team suggests that as the effects of the Little Ice Age faded, manatees began to extend their range northward towards Florida. Warming waters due to human-caused climate change have subsequently convinced the manatees to stay put and breed. Accounts in newspapers from the late 1800s and early 1900s describe manatee sightings in warm water refuges including canals, harbors, yacht basins, and even areas near power plants. \n\n\n\n[Related: Meet the extinct sea cow that cultivated Pacific kelp forests.]\n\n\n\nAccording to the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Florida's manatee population is estimated to be between 8,350 and 11,730. They were reclassified from endangered to threatened under the federal Endangered Species Act in 2017, after their populations began to rebrand. However, human-caused climate change is still a threat to these gentle giants and they may be reclassified as endangered, after the population dropped seven percent between 2017 and 2019.\n\n\n\n“Pollution is killing a lot of the sea grass that the manatees eat,” said Pluckhahn. “Plus, as we wean ourselves off fossil fuels and shut down power plants, we are taking away a refuge from them.”"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.popsci.com/environment/florida-manatees/","url":"https://www.popsci.com/environment/florida-manatees/","name":"Florida’s famous manatees were originally tourists | Popular Science","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.popsci.com/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.popsci.com/environment/florida-manatees/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.popsci.com/environment/florida-manatees/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?quality=85","datePublished":"2024-11-20T14:00:00-05:00","dateModified":"2024-11-20T14:00:00-05:00","description":"The gentle marine mammals only became plentiful in Tampa Bay in the 1950s.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.popsci.com/environment/florida-manatees/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.popsci.com/environment/florida-manatees/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.popsci.com/environment/florida-manatees/#primaryimage","url":"https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?quality=85","contentUrl":"https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?quality=85","width":2000,"height":1125,"caption":"A mother and calf West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) in Crystal River, Florida."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.popsci.com/environment/florida-manatees/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":"https://www.popsci.com/category/environment/","description":"The changes and wonders of the natural world—and how human interaction influences animals, the ocean, and the rest of the environment.","name":"Environment"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":"https://www.popsci.com/category/conservation/","description":"Protecting natural resources—from sea to sky—is about much more than planting a few trees.","name":"Conservation"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"item":"https://www.popsci.com/category/ocean/","description":"Oceans cover 70 percent of the Earth. 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src="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/themes/recurrent-base/blocks/newsletter-email/script.js?m=1731616196g" ></script><script src='//ak.sail-horizon.com/spm/spm.v1.min.js?ver=6.6.2' type='text/javascript' async></script><script type="text/javascript" id="tag-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var tag = {"options":{"customerId":"ccaf81872e9b2646fb1597cb5ec7498f"}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.popsci.com/_static/??-eJyVjMEKwjAQRH/IZKm16EX8ljRd4oZkrdldin9vpT14EoSBN4c3A8vsiGOxCQXymqdhe+3wldhnOcAvyVVKLSh+y/HBiqwwF0vEAhKo6L2ZW2hKqJ8PDekPe2tebJTYaMR1eqvX7twfh9PQX7r8BrgxSik=" ></script>  <meta name="sailthru.date" content="2024-11-20 14:00:00" /> <meta name="sailthru.title" content="Florida’s famous manatees were originally tourists" /> <meta name="sailthru.tags" content="news,Animals,Biology,Climate Change,Conservation,Environment,Evolution,Ocean,Science,Wildlife,popsci" /> <meta name="sailthru.author" content="Laura Baisas" /> <meta name="sailthru.description" content="Florida’s manatees are as much a part of the state’s seascape as flamingoes, dolphins, reef fish, and smelly seaweed. However, these gentle “sea cows” might have arrived in the state fairly recently. 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font-tertiary font-semibold text-accent-900 text-xs uppercase tracking-wide" href="https://www.popsci.com/category/conservation/">Conservation</a> <div class="breadcrumb-arrow relative inline-block ml-1 mr-2 h-0 w-0 border-y-[4px] border-y-transparent border-l-[8px] border-l-primary-900 -top-[1px]"></div></nav><nav class="breadcrumb-container hover"><a class="breadcrumb-link no-underline hover:no-underline font-tertiary font-semibold text-accent-900 text-xs uppercase tracking-wide" href="https://www.popsci.com/category/ocean/">Ocean</a> </nav> </nav> <h1 class="article-title font-primary text-secondary-900 text-4xl lg:text-15xl font-bold leading-2xl lg:leading-15xl mb-2">Florida’s famous manatees were originally tourists</h1> <div class="article-dek font-secondary text-base lg:text-2xl mb-2">The gentle marine mammals only became plentiful in Tampa Bay in the 1950s.</div> <div class="flex flex-col gap-2"> <div class="article-byline overflow-hidden lg:flex lg:flex-wrap lg:gap-2 w-full mb-2 "> <div class="item-wrapper--author item-wrapper flex items-center mr-3"> <div class="byline-author-wrapper flex relative"> <p class="byline-item byline-item-author font-tertiary font-normal text-sm text-primary capitalize"> <span class="recurrent-byline"><span class="byline-segment"><span class="byline-text">By </span><a class="hover-link no-underline hover:underline" href="https://www.popsci.com/authors/laura-baisas/">Laura Baisas</a></span></span> </p> </div> </div> <div class="item-wrapper--date item-wrapper flex items-center mr-3"> <div class="byline-date-wrapper flex relative"> <p class="byline-item byline-item-timestamp font-tertiary font-normal text-sm text-primary mb-0">Posted on Nov 20, 2024</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="article-layout-wrapper w-full flex flex-col lg:flex-row gap-5 max-w-full"> <article id="post-672983" class="flex-auto post-672983 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-animals category-biology category-climate-change category-conservation category-environment category-evolution category-ocean category-science category-wildlife tag-news author_tag-laura-baisas content_type-1-group content_type-2-page-type content_type-3-timeframe content_type-news content_type-non-evergreen content_type-non-membership"> <div class="article-content-featured-image lg:ml-[-4] pt-5"> <figure> <img class="archive-post-thumb article-featured-image w-full h-full mb-3 object-center" src="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?quality=85&w=2000" srcset="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg 2000w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?w=768&h=432 768w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?w=1536&h=864 1536w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?w=800&h=450 800w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?w=356&h=200 356w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?w=1173&h=660 1173w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?w=711&h=400 711w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?w=1486&h=836 1486w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?w=1227&h=690 1227w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?w=384&h=216 384w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?w=718&h=404 718w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?w=1589&h=894 1589w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?w=1337&h=752 1337w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?w=1234&h=694 1234w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?w=280&h=158 280w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?w=1440&h=810 1440w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?w=289&h=163 289w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?w=370&h=208 370w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?w=308&h=173 308w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/manatees-swimming.jpg?w=50&h=28 50w" sizes="(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px" fetchpriority="high" alt="A mother and calf West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) in Crystal River, Florida." /> <div class="article-featured-image-caption-container"> <figcaption class="article-featured-image-caption font-primary font-normal text-sm text-secondary-800">A mother and calf West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) in Crystal River, Florida. <span style="font-weight: 400">Reinhard Dirscherl/ullstein bild via Getty Images</span></figcaption> </div> </figure> 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0-44.912 20.146-44.912 44.912v269.47c0 24.766 20.146 44.912 44.912 44.912h389.234c24.766 0 44.912-20.146 44.912-44.912v-269.47c0-24.766-20.146-44.912-44.912-44.912zm0 29.941c2.034 0 3.969.422 5.738 1.159l-200.355 173.649-200.356-173.649c1.769-.736 3.704-1.159 5.738-1.159zm0 299.411h-389.234c-8.26 0-14.971-6.71-14.971-14.971v-251.648l199.778 173.141c2.822 2.441 6.316 3.655 9.81 3.655s6.988-1.213 9.81-3.655l199.778-173.141v251.649c-.001 8.26-6.711 14.97-14.971 14.97z"/> </svg> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="content-wrapper" data-toc-container> <p class="article-paragraph skip">Florida’s <a href="https://www.popsci.com/science/manatees-florida-starving/" target="_blank">manatees</a> are as much a part of the state’s seascape as <a href="https://www.popsci.com/environment/florida-flamingo/" target="_blank">flamingoes</a>, <a href="https://www.popsci.com/deep-diving-dolphins-blood-adaptations/" target="_blank">dolphins</a>, reef fish, and <a href="https://www.popsci.com/environment/atlantic-seaweed-belt-florida/" target="_blank">smelly seaweed</a>. However, these <a href="https://www.popsci.com/environment/kelp-forest-manatee/" target="_blank">gentle “sea cows”</a> might have arrived in the state fairly recently. Like the <a href="https://www.visitflorida.org/resources/research/research-faq/" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">millions of tourists</a> who visit the Sunshine State every year, manatees may have only occasionally visited Florida for short stints before returning home to Cuba and other parts of the Caribbean. The marine mammals potentially only became a fixture in Florida after European colonization and they may have initially flourished due to the same force that is threatening them today–a <a href="https://www.popsci.com/category/climate-change/" target="_blank">rapidly warming and transforming planet</a>. The findings are detailed in a <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0313070" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">study published November 20 in the journal <em>PLOS ONE</em></a>.</p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">Over the course of his career, study co-author and University of South Florida anthropologist Thomas Pluckhahn realized that there was a lack of evidence showing that there was a large population of manatees in the pre-colonial era. The manatee population in Tampa Bay wasn’t even <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0313070" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">deemed plentiful until the 1950s</a>. </p> <p class="article-paragraph skip"><strong>[Related: </strong><a href="https://www.popsci.com/science/manatees-florida-starving/" target="_blank"><strong>Wildlife officials are taking radical steps to save Florida’s starving manatees</strong></a><strong>.]</strong></p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">“It is commonly assumed that Florida manatee populations were once larger than they are today,” <a href="https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1064917" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">Pluckhahn said in a statement</a>. “Many will find the results surprising, not only because it contradicts this assumption but also because it indicates the complexity of changes that have taken place in the Anthropocene.” </p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">The <a href="https://www.popsci.com/minerals-accidently-made-by-humans-bring-up-controversial-anthropocene/#:~:text=The%20Anthropocene%20Epoch%20is%20the,worthy%20of%20it's%20own%20designation.">anthropocene</a> is our current period during which human activity has the most influence on climate and the environment. Florida anthropologists and archeologists who dig into the anthropocene and ages past began to notice that manatee bones were a rarity at archeological sites in Florida. According to Pluckhahn, they haven’t even been found in Crystal River, the <a href="https://www.discovercrystalriverfl.com/manatee-authority/" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">Manatee Capital of the World</a> located in western Florida.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><img decoding="async" width="4032" height="3024" loading="lazy" src="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?strip=all&quality=85" alt="a group of manatees swim in crystal river, florida with humans swimming near by" class="wp-image-672984" style="width:996px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg 4032w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?w=768&h=576 768w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?w=1536&h=1152 1536w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?w=2048&h=1536 2048w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?w=600&h=450 600w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?w=267&h=200 267w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?w=880&h=660 880w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?w=533&h=400 533w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?w=1115&h=836 1115w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?w=920&h=690 920w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?w=288&h=216 288w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?w=539&h=404 539w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?w=1192&h=894 1192w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?w=1003&h=752 1003w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?w=925&h=694 925w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?w=280&h=210 280w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?w=1440&h=1080 1440w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?w=289&h=217 289w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?w=370&h=278 370w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?w=308&h=231 308w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/crystal-river-manatees.jpg?w=50&h=38 50w" sizes="(max-width: 4032px) 100vw, 4032px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><em>Manatees and tourists crowd the Three Sisters Spring at Crystal River, Florida, on a cold morning. CREDIT: Thomas J. Pluckhahn.</em> </figcaption></figure> <p class="article-paragraph skip">In the <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0313070" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">new study</a>, the team reviewed roughly 70 archaeological reports with a systematic collection and analysis of <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0313070" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">almost two million animal bones</a>. Almost none of the bones were from manatees. When they expanded the review to other excavations, they found about a dozen reports of <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0313070" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">manatee bones that had been fashioned into tools or ornaments</a>. However, that is not enough evidence that the mammals had a large pre-colonial Florida population.</p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">The <a href="https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1064917" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">team hypothesizes</a> that it is possible that manatees were not swimming in precolonial Florida at all. The tools and ornaments made with manatee bones may have arrived here via Native Americans trading with those <a href="https://www.popsci.com/science/mummified-poop-carribbean-diet/" target="_blank">from the Caribbean</a>.</p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">“The problem with that is people have been looking for proof of contact between Florida and the Caribbean during the pre-colonial era for a long time and haven’t been able to nail it down,” Pluckhahn said.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><img decoding="async" width="3024" height="3112" loading="lazy" src="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?strip=all&quality=85" alt="small grey manatee bones in a plastic bag" class="wp-image-672985" style="width:958px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg 3024w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?w=768&h=790 768w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?w=1493&h=1536 1493w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?w=1990&h=2048 1990w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?w=437&h=450 437w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?w=194&h=200 194w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?w=641&h=660 641w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?w=389&h=400 389w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?w=812&h=836 812w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?w=670&h=690 670w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?w=210&h=216 210w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?w=393&h=404 393w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?w=869&h=894 869w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?w=731&h=752 731w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?w=674&h=694 674w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?w=280&h=288 280w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?w=1440&h=1482 1440w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?w=289&h=297 289w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?w=370&h=381 370w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?w=308&h=317 308w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sirenian-bones.jpg?w=50&h=50 50w" sizes="(max-width: 3024px) 100vw, 3024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><em>Fossilized bones of Sirenians (the order that includes past and present manatee species), such as these examples from a site in Tampa Bay, are not uncommon on archaeological sites in Florida. But unfossilized bones of more recent manatees (from the last 12,000 years) are quite rare—suggesting sea cows may have been infrequent visitors to the Florida peninsula before the modern era. CREDIT: Thomas J. Pluckhahn</em> </figcaption></figure> <p class="article-paragraph skip">Another hypothesis is that manatees were in abundance, but there are not many bones at excavation sites because they were <a href="https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1064917" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">not hunted</a> like other animals. However, manatees do not appear in any of the expedition logs penned by explorers who landed in Tampa Bay in between 1528 and 1595.</p> <p class="article-paragraph skip"><a href="https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1064917" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">According to Pluckhahn</a>, the most logical hypothesis is that manatees were then later “present only in very low numbers in Florida as occasional visitors from the Caribbean and then settled here permanently.”</p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">The first <a href="https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/manatee-springs" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">reliable written accounts of Florida manatees</a> date back to the period of British rule in the late 1700s. Even then, the sightings appear to have been rare. In the 1920s and 1930s, local print media began to <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0313070" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">cover manatee sightings in Miami and St. Augustine</a>. By the mid-1950s, there were reports that <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0313070" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">manatees were “becoming more plentiful”</a> in Tampa Bay and a few were speculated to have become permanent residents of Crystal River.  </p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">The sudden change in manatee population likely occurred because Florida’s waters began to warm up. They were too frigid for manatees due the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/Little-Ice-Age" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">Little Ice Age</a>. This period of <a href="https://www.popsci.com/environment/medieval-monks-volcano-eruption-records/" target="_blank">intermittent cooling</a> began during the 1200s and lasted through the 1800s.</p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">The team suggests that as the effects of the Little Ice Age faded, manatees began to extend their range northward towards Florida. Warming waters due to human-caused climate change have subsequently convinced the manatees to stay put and breed. Accounts in newspapers from the late 1800s and early 1900s describe <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0313070" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">manatee sightings in warm water refuge</a>s including canals, harbors, yacht basins, and even areas near power plants. </p> <p class="article-paragraph skip"><strong>[Related: </strong><a href="https://www.popsci.com/environment/kelp-forest-manatee/" target="_blank"><strong>Meet the extinct sea cow that cultivated Pacific kelp forests</strong></a><strong>.]</strong></p> <p class="article-paragraph skip"><a href="https://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/wildlife/manatee/" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">According to the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission</a>, Florida’s manatee population is estimated to be between 8,350 and 11,730. They were <a href="https://www.popsci.com/taking-manatees-off-endangered-species-list-doesnt-mean-well-stop-protecting-them/" target="_blank">reclassified from endangered to threatened under the federal Endangered Species Act in 2017</a>, after their populations began to rebrand. However, human-caused climate change is still a threat to these gentle giants and they <a href="https://www.tampabay.com/opinion/2023/10/26/how-heck-did-florida-manatees-get-off-endangered-list-first-place-column/" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">may be reclassified as endangered</a>, after the <a href="https://www.axios.com/local/tampa-bay/2023/10/16/florida-manatees-endangered-species-list" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">population dropped seven percent</a> between 2017 and 2019.</p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">“Pollution is killing a lot of the sea grass that the manatees eat,” said Pluckhahn. “Plus, as we wean ourselves off fossil fuels and shut down power plants, we are taking away a refuge from them.”</p> <section class="commerce-widget commerce-widget--large"> <span class="block bg-secondary-300 h-2 w-16 mt-10 mb-8"> </span> <div class="flex flex-col md:flex-row items-start justify-items-start"> <div class="mb-4 md:mb-0 md:w-4/12 w-full"> <img width="300" height="169" src="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg?quality=85&w=300" class="max-w-[100%]" alt="The best Black Friday deals including a jackery generator, airpods, a TV arranged on a plain background." srcset="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg 1600w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg?w=768&h=432 768w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg?w=1536&h=864 1536w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg?w=800&h=450 800w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg?w=356&h=200 356w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg?w=1173&h=660 1173w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg?w=711&h=400 711w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg?w=1486&h=836 1486w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg?w=1227&h=690 1227w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg?w=384&h=216 384w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg?w=718&h=404 718w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg?w=1589&h=894 1589w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg?w=1337&h=752 1337w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg?w=1234&h=694 1234w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg?w=280&h=158 280w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg?w=1440&h=810 1440w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg?w=289&h=163 289w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg?w=370&h=208 370w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg?w=308&h=173 308w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/24/black-friday-2023-header.jpg?w=50&h=28 50w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> </div> <div class="ml-0 md:ml-10 md:w-8/12 w-full"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> SEE LATEST GIFT GUIDES </h3> <div class="commerce-widget-content mb-4"> <p>Shopping for, well, anyone? 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https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/burmese-python.png?w=308&h=173 308w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/burmese-python.png?w=50&h=28 50w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" loading="lazy" fetchpriority="auto" alt="a close up of a burmese python." /> </div> </a> <div class="post-content relative text-left"> <a class="card-post-title-link" href="https://www.popsci.com/science/florida-python-challenge/"> <h3 class="card-post-title font-primary font-bold text-base lg:text-xl text-secondary-900 leading-tight"> <span class="mobile lg:hidden hover-link"> The 2024 Florida Python Challenge begins </span> <span class="desktop hidden lg:inline-block hover-link">The 2024 Florida Python Challenge begins</span> </h3> </a> <p class="card-post-byline font-secondary font-semibold text-secondary-900 text-sm leading-tighter mt-2"> <span class="recurrent-byline"><span class="byline-segment"><span class="byline-text">By </span><a class="hover-link no-underline hover:underline" href="https://www.popsci.com/authors/laura-baisas/">Laura Baisas</a></span></span> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mb-3"> <div class="card-post linkpack-post"> <a class="card-post-image-link block mb-4" aria-hidden tabindex="-1" href="https://www.popsci.com/environment/hurricane-idalia-florida/"> <div class="relative"> <img class="archive-post-thumb w-full aspect-thumbnail object-cover rounded-grid-post" src="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?quality=85&w=649" srcset="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?w=768&h=533 768w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?w=1536&h=1065 1536w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?w=2048&h=1420 2048w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?w=649&h=450 649w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?w=288&h=200 288w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?w=952&h=660 952w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?w=577&h=400 577w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?w=1206&h=836 1206w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?w=995&h=690 995w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?w=312&h=216 312w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?w=583&h=404 583w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?w=1289&h=894 1289w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?w=1085&h=752 1085w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?w=1001&h=694 1001w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?w=280&h=194 280w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?w=1440&h=998 1440w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?w=289&h=200 289w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?w=370&h=257 370w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?w=308&h=214 308w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/30/hurricane-idalia-flooding-scaled.jpg?w=50&h=35 50w" sizes="(max-width: 649px) 100vw, 649px" loading="lazy" fetchpriority="auto" alt="A truck passes through flooded streets caused by Hurricane Idalia passing offshore on August 30, 2023 in Tarpon Springs, Florida." /> </div> </a> <div class="post-content relative text-left"> <a class="card-post-title-link" href="https://www.popsci.com/environment/hurricane-idalia-florida/"> <h3 class="card-post-title font-primary font-bold text-base lg:text-xl text-secondary-900 leading-tight"> <span class="mobile lg:hidden hover-link"> Category 3 Hurricane Idalia makes landfall on Florida’s Gulf Coast </span> <span class="desktop hidden lg:inline-block hover-link">Category 3 Hurricane Idalia makes landfall on Florida’s Gulf Coast</span> </h3> </a> <p class="card-post-byline font-secondary font-semibold text-secondary-900 text-sm leading-tighter mt-2"> <span class="recurrent-byline"><span class="byline-segment"><span class="byline-text">By </span><a class="hover-link no-underline hover:underline" href="https://www.popsci.com/authors/laura-baisas/">Laura Baisas</a></span></span> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mb-3"> <div class="card-post linkpack-post"> <a class="card-post-image-link block mb-4" aria-hidden tabindex="-1" href="https://www.popsci.com/science/bird-evolution-wrong/"> <div class="relative"> <img class="archive-post-thumb w-full aspect-thumbnail object-cover rounded-grid-post" src="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png?quality=85&w=800" srcset="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png 2000w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png?w=768&h=432 768w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png?w=1536&h=864 1536w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png?w=800&h=450 800w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png?w=356&h=200 356w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png?w=1173&h=660 1173w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png?w=711&h=400 711w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png?w=1486&h=836 1486w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png?w=1227&h=690 1227w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png?w=384&h=216 384w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png?w=718&h=404 718w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png?w=1589&h=894 1589w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png?w=1337&h=752 1337w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png?w=1234&h=694 1234w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png?w=280&h=158 280w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png?w=1440&h=810 1440w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png?w=289&h=163 289w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png?w=370&h=208 370w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png?w=308&h=173 308w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01/flamingo.png?w=50&h=28 50w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" loading="lazy" fetchpriority="auto" alt="a flock of flamingoes standing" /> </div> </a> <div class="post-content relative text-left"> <a class="card-post-title-link" href="https://www.popsci.com/science/bird-evolution-wrong/"> <h3 class="card-post-title font-primary font-bold text-base lg:text-xl text-secondary-900 leading-tight"> <span class="mobile lg:hidden hover-link"> We were very wrong about birds </span> <span class="desktop hidden lg:inline-block hover-link">We were very wrong about birds</span> </h3> </a> <p class="card-post-byline font-secondary font-semibold text-secondary-900 text-sm leading-tighter mt-2"> <span class="recurrent-byline"><span class="byline-segment"><span class="byline-text">By </span><a class="hover-link no-underline hover:underline" href="https://www.popsci.com/authors/laura-baisas/">Laura Baisas</a></span></span> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mb-3"> <div class="card-post linkpack-post"> <a class="card-post-image-link block mb-4" aria-hidden tabindex="-1" href="https://www.popsci.com/environment/antaecetus-ancient-whale-manatee/"> <div class="relative"> <img class="archive-post-thumb w-full aspect-thumbnail object-cover rounded-grid-post" src="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg?quality=85&w=675" srcset="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg 2000w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg?w=768&h=512 768w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg?w=1536&h=1024 1536w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg?w=675&h=450 675w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg?w=300&h=200 300w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg?w=990&h=660 990w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg?w=600&h=400 600w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg?w=1254&h=836 1254w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg?w=1035&h=690 1035w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg?w=324&h=216 324w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg?w=606&h=404 606w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg?w=1341&h=894 1341w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg?w=1128&h=752 1128w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg?w=1041&h=694 1041w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg?w=280&h=187 280w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg?w=1440&h=960 1440w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg?w=289&h=193 289w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg?w=370&h=247 370w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg?w=308&h=205 308w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/27/Manatee_124065566.jpg?w=50&h=33 50w" sizes="(max-width: 675px) 100vw, 675px" loading="lazy" fetchpriority="auto" alt="Manatee" /> </div> </a> <div class="post-content relative text-left"> <a class="card-post-title-link" href="https://www.popsci.com/environment/antaecetus-ancient-whale-manatee/"> <h3 class="card-post-title font-primary font-bold text-base lg:text-xl text-secondary-900 leading-tight"> <span class="mobile lg:hidden hover-link"> These now-extinct whales were kind of like manatees </span> <span class="desktop hidden lg:inline-block hover-link">These now-extinct whales were kind of like manatees</span> </h3> </a> <p class="card-post-byline font-secondary font-semibold text-secondary-900 text-sm leading-tighter mt-2"> <span class="recurrent-byline"><span class="byline-segment"><span class="byline-text">By </span><a class="hover-link no-underline hover:underline" href="https://www.popsci.com/authors/laura-baisas/">Laura Baisas</a></span></span> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mb-3"> <div class="card-post linkpack-post"> <a class="card-post-image-link block mb-4" aria-hidden tabindex="-1" href="https://www.popsci.com/environment/hurricane-ian-florida-2/"> <div class="relative"> <img class="archive-post-thumb w-full aspect-thumbnail object-cover rounded-grid-post" src="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg?quality=85&w=696" srcset="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg 2000w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg?w=768&h=497 768w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg?w=1536&h=994 1536w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg?w=696&h=450 696w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg?w=309&h=200 309w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg?w=1020&h=660 1020w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg?w=618&h=400 618w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg?w=1292&h=836 1292w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg?w=1066&h=690 1066w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg?w=334&h=216 334w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg?w=624&h=404 624w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg?w=1382&h=894 1382w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg?w=1162&h=752 1162w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg?w=1073&h=694 1073w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg?w=280&h=181 280w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg?w=1440&h=932 1440w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg?w=289&h=187 289w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg?w=370&h=239 370w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg?w=308&h=199 308w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/29/HurricaneIan2.jpg?w=50&h=32 50w" sizes="(max-width: 696px) 100vw, 696px" loading="lazy" fetchpriority="auto" alt="Category 4 Hurricane Ian hits Florida, bringing historic storm surge" /> </div> </a> <div class="post-content relative text-left"> <a class="card-post-title-link" href="https://www.popsci.com/environment/hurricane-ian-florida-2/"> <h3 class="card-post-title font-primary font-bold text-base lg:text-xl text-secondary-900 leading-tight"> <span class="mobile lg:hidden hover-link"> Category 4 Hurricane Ian hits Florida, bringing historic storm surge </span> <span class="desktop hidden lg:inline-block hover-link">Category 4 Hurricane Ian hits Florida, bringing historic storm surge</span> </h3> </a> <p class="card-post-byline font-secondary font-semibold text-secondary-900 text-sm leading-tighter mt-2"> <span class="recurrent-byline"><span class="byline-segment"><span class="byline-text">By </span><a class="hover-link no-underline hover:underline" href="https://www.popsci.com/authors/laura-baisas/">Laura Baisas</a></span></span> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mb-3"> <div class="card-post linkpack-post"> <a class="card-post-image-link block mb-4" aria-hidden tabindex="-1" href="https://www.popsci.com/story/environment/us-tropicalizing/"> <div class="relative"> <img class="archive-post-thumb w-full aspect-thumbnail object-cover rounded-grid-post" src="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?quality=85&w=673" srcset="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?w=768&h=514 768w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?w=1536&h=1028 1536w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?w=2048&h=1370 2048w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?w=673&h=450 673w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?w=299&h=200 299w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?w=986&h=660 986w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?w=598&h=400 598w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?w=1249&h=836 1249w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?w=1031&h=690 1031w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?w=323&h=216 323w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?w=604&h=404 604w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?w=1336&h=894 1336w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?w=1124&h=752 1124w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?w=1037&h=694 1037w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?w=280&h=187 280w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?w=1440&h=964 1440w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?w=289&h=193 289w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?w=370&h=248 370w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?w=308&h=206 308w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/14/manatee-387195-scaled.jpg?w=50&h=33 50w" sizes="(max-width: 673px) 100vw, 673px" loading="lazy" fetchpriority="auto" alt="manatee underwater" /> </div> </a> <div class="post-content relative text-left"> <a class="card-post-title-link" href="https://www.popsci.com/story/environment/us-tropicalizing/"> <h3 class="card-post-title font-primary font-bold text-base lg:text-xl text-secondary-900 leading-tight"> <span class="mobile lg:hidden hover-link"> The US is tropicalizing, and you’ve probably already noticed the change </span> <span class="desktop hidden lg:inline-block hover-link">The US is tropicalizing, and you’ve probably already noticed the change</span> </h3> </a> <p class="card-post-byline font-secondary font-semibold text-secondary-900 text-sm leading-tighter mt-2"> <span class="recurrent-byline"><span class="byline-segment"><span class="byline-text">By </span><a class="hover-link no-underline hover:underline" href="https://www.popsci.com/authors/philip-kiefer/">Philip Kiefer</a></span></span> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mb-3"> <div class="card-post linkpack-post"> <a class="card-post-image-link block mb-4" aria-hidden tabindex="-1" href="https://www.popsci.com/story/science/louisiana-formosa-chemical-construction-slave-cemetery/"> <div class="relative"> <img class="archive-post-thumb w-full aspect-thumbnail object-cover rounded-grid-post" src="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/13/KX4OBQOBCNA77IP5YHHKUA3ANI.jpg?quality=85&w=675" srcset="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/13/KX4OBQOBCNA77IP5YHHKUA3ANI.jpg 1772w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/13/KX4OBQOBCNA77IP5YHHKUA3ANI.jpg?w=768&h=512 768w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/13/KX4OBQOBCNA77IP5YHHKUA3ANI.jpg?w=1536&h=1024 1536w, 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Gannon</a></span></span> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mb-3"> <div class="card-post linkpack-post"> <a class="card-post-image-link block mb-4" aria-hidden tabindex="-1" href="https://www.popsci.com/story/animals/cold-florida-falling-iguanas/"> <div class="relative"> <img class="archive-post-thumb w-full aspect-thumbnail object-cover rounded-grid-post" src="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg?quality=85&w=675" srcset="https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg 1999w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg?w=768&h=512 768w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg?w=1536&h=1024 1536w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg?w=675&h=450 675w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg?w=300&h=200 300w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg?w=990&h=660 990w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg?w=600&h=400 600w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg?w=1254&h=836 1254w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg?w=1035&h=690 1035w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg?w=324&h=216 324w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg?w=606&h=404 606w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg?w=1341&h=894 1341w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg?w=1128&h=752 1128w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg?w=1041&h=694 1041w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg?w=280&h=187 280w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg?w=1440&h=960 1440w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg?w=289&h=193 289w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg?w=370&h=247 370w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg?w=308&h=205 308w, https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/24/2MSIC7UVUVHNDJM5O2RMWEU3EU.jpg?w=50&h=33 50w" sizes="(max-width: 675px) 100vw, 675px" loading="lazy" fetchpriority="auto" alt="A green iguana on a palm tree trunk in Key West, Florida." /> </div> </a> <div class="post-content relative text-left"> <a class="card-post-title-link" href="https://www.popsci.com/story/animals/cold-florida-falling-iguanas/"> <h3 class="card-post-title font-primary font-bold text-base lg:text-xl 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