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vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_Brunswick"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>New Brunswick</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_Brunswick-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nova_Scotia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nova_Scotia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>Nova Scotia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nova_Scotia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ontario" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ontario"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.3</span> <span>Ontario</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ontario-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Quebec" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Quebec"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.4</span> <span>Quebec</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Quebec-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Manitoba" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manitoba"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.5</span> <span>Manitoba</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manitoba-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-China" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#China"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>China</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-China-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Denmark" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Denmark"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Denmark</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Denmark-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Finland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Finland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Germany" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Germany"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Germany</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Germany-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greece" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greece"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>Greece</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greece-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hungary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hungary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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href="#Portugal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.16</span> <span>Portugal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Portugal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sweden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sweden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.17</span> <span>Sweden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sweden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.18</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Category:Politics" title="Category:Politics">Politics series</a></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="border-top:1px #fafafa solid; border-bottom:1px #fafafa solid; background:#efefef; background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Politics" title="Politics">Politics</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above" style="display:block; margin-bottom:0.5em; background:transparent;"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science" title="Outline of political science">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_politics_articles" title="Index of politics articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics" title="Category:Politics">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed plainlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Primary topics</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science" title="Outline of political science">Outline of political science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_politics_articles" title="Index of politics articles">Index of politics articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics by country">Politics by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_country_subdivisions" title="Politics of country subdivisions">Politics by subdivision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_economy" title="Political economy">Political economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_history" title="Political history">Political history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_history_of_the_world" title="Political history of the world">Political history of the world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_philosophy" title="Political philosophy">Political philosophy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Political_system" title="Political system">Political systems</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchy" title="Anarchy">Anarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City-state" title="City-state">City-state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_leadership" title="Collective leadership">Collective leadership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confessional_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Confessional system">Confessional system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictatorship" title="Dictatorship">Dictatorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorial_system" title="Directorial system">Directorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federacy" title="Federacy">Federacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feudalism" title="Feudalism">Feudalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_regime" title="Hybrid regime">Hybrid regime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meritocracy" title="Meritocracy">Meritocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy" title="Monarchy">Monarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_system" title="Parliamentary system">Parliamentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_system" title="Presidential system">Presidential</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-parliamentary_system" title="Semi-parliamentary system">Semi-parliamentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-presidential_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-presidential system">Semi-presidential</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theocracy" title="Theocracy">Theocracy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed plainlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Academic disciplines</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em; line-height:1.15em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_science" title="Political science">Political science</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/List_of_political_scientists" title="List of political scientists">political scientists</a>)</span></div></li> <li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em; line-height:1.15em;"><a href="/wiki/International_relations" title="International relations">International relations</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/International_relations_theory" title="International relations theory">theory</a>)</span></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_politics" title="Comparative politics">Comparative politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_science" title="Election science">Election science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psephology" title="Psephology">Political analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_philosophy" title="Political philosophy">Political theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Policy_studies" title="Policy studies">Policy studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_psychology" title="Political psychology">Political psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_sociology" title="Political sociology">Political sociology</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed plainlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Public_administration" title="Public administration">Public administration</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureaucracy" title="Bureaucracy">Bureaucracy</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Street-level_bureaucracy" title="Street-level bureaucracy">street-level</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technocracy" title="Technocracy">Technocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adhocracy" title="Adhocracy">Adhocracy</a></li> <li>Service <ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/Public_service" title="Public service">Public</a> / <a href="/wiki/Civil_service" title="Civil service">Civil</a>)</li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Policy" title="Policy">Policy</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_policy" title="Public policy">Public policy</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Public_policy_doctrine" title="Public policy doctrine">doctrine</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_policy" title="Domestic policy">Domestic policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy" title="Foreign policy">Foreign policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_society" title="Civil society">Civil society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_interest" title="Public interest">Public interest</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed plainlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Government branches</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers" title="Separation of powers">Separation of powers</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">Legislature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_(government)" title="Executive (government)">Executive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary" title="Judiciary">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_commission" title="Election commission">Election commission</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed plainlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Related topics</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polity" title="Polity">Polity</a> / <a href="/wiki/State_(polity)" title="State (polity)">State</a> / <a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theories_of_political_behavior" title="Theories of political behavior">Theories of political behavior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biology_and_political_orientation" title="Biology and political orientation">Biology and political orientation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_organisation" title="Political organisation">Political organisations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critique_of_political_economy" title="Critique of political economy">Critique of political economy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed plainlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Subseries</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system" title="Electoral system">Electoral systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election" title="Election">Elections</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Voting" title="Voting">voting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_unitarism" title="Political unitarism">Unitarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalism" title="Federalism">Federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">Government</a> <ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_forms_of_government" title="List of forms of government">forms</a> / <a href="/wiki/Governance" title="Governance">Governance</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideology" title="Ideology">Ideology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_culture" title="Political culture">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_campaign" title="Political campaign">Political campaigning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_party" title="Political party">Political parties</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="background:#efefef;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/24px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/32px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_sidebar" title="Template:Politics sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_sidebar" title="Template talk:Politics sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>merger</b>, <b>consolidation</b> or <b>amalgamation</b>, in a political or administrative sense, is the combination of two or more political or administrative entities, such as <a href="/wiki/Municipality" title="Municipality">municipalities</a> (in other words <a href="/wiki/City" title="City">cities</a>, <a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">towns</a>, etc.), <a href="/wiki/County" title="County">counties</a>, <a href="/wiki/District" title="District">districts</a>, etc., into a single entity. This term is used when the process occurs within a sovereign entity. </p><p>Unbalanced growth or outward expansion of one neighbor may necessitate an administrative decision to merge (see <a href="/wiki/Urban_sprawl" title="Urban sprawl">urban sprawl</a>). In some cases, common perception of continuity may be a factor in prompting such a process (see <a href="/wiki/Conurbation" title="Conurbation">conurbation</a>). Some cities (see <a href="#Notable_municipal_mergers">below</a>) that have gone through amalgamation or a similar process had several administrative sub-divisions or jurisdictions, each with a separate <a href="/wiki/Mayor" title="Mayor">person in charge</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Annexation" title="Annexation">Annexation</a> is similar to amalgamation, but differs in being applied mainly to two cases: </p> <ol><li>The units joined are sovereign entities before the process, as opposed to being units of a single political entity.</li> <li>A city's boundaries are expanded by adding territories not already incorporated as cities or villages.</li></ol> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_municipal_mergers">Notable municipal mergers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Notable municipal mergers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The act of merging two or more <a href="/wiki/Municipality" title="Municipality">municipalities</a> into a single new municipality may be done for a variety of reasons, including urban growth, reducing the cost of local government and improving the efficiency of municipal service delivery. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Belgium">Belgium</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Belgium"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1977, the 2,359 <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Belgium" title="Municipalities of Belgium">municipalities of Belgium</a> were merged to 596 new municipalities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brazil">Brazil</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Brazil"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1975, the <a href="/wiki/Guanabara_(state)" title="Guanabara (state)">state of Guanabara</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro_(state)" title="Rio de Janeiro (state)">state of Rio de Janeiro</a> in Brazil were merged. The former consisted of only the territorial limits of the city of Rio de Janeiro, formerly the <a href="/wiki/Federal_District_(Brazil)" title="Federal District (Brazil)">Federal District</a> as <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazilian</a> capital until 1960 when it was moved to newly built <a href="/wiki/Bras%C3%ADlia" title="Brasília">Brasília</a>. When merged, Guanabara became the <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rio de Janeiro (city)">municipality of Rio de Janeiro</a> within the new state. In geographical terms, it would seem the state of Rio would have incorporated Guanabara; but, as the administrative and financial resources of the former capital were significant and even larger than the rest of the state, the change was more correctly referred to as a merger (<i>fusão</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canada">Canada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, the 1990s saw the forced amalgamation of several municipal entities in the provinces of <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> and <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a> into larger new municipalities. Even in cases where a central city merged with its suburbs, the amalgamated city was legally a new municipality, even if it was given the central city's name and was in effect a defacto annexation by the central city. The process created what was labeled a <i>megacity</i> by the media, although none of the created municipalities fit in the definition of a megacity in the international sense and some of them have fewer than a million inhabitants. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="New_Brunswick">New Brunswick</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: New Brunswick"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_amalgamations_in_New_Brunswick" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal amalgamations in New Brunswick">Municipal amalgamations in New Brunswick</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Nova_Scotia">Nova Scotia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Nova Scotia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_amalgamations_in_Nova_Scotia" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal amalgamations in Nova Scotia">Municipal amalgamations in Nova Scotia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ontario">Ontario</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Ontario"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Amalgamation_of_Toronto" title="Amalgamation of Toronto">Amalgamation of Toronto</a></div> <p>In the early 1970s, the various towns, villages, and townships surrounding <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Toronto" title="Metropolitan Toronto">Metropolitan Toronto</a> that were undergoing suburbanization were amalgamated into various new municipalities; among them <a href="/wiki/Mississauga" title="Mississauga">Mississauga</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vaughan" title="Vaughan">Vaughan</a>. Later, the provincial government of <a href="/wiki/Mike_Harris" title="Mike Harris">Mike Harris</a> undertook an extensive province-wide program of municipal mergers between 1996 and 2002. The province had 815 municipalities in 1996; by 2002, this had been reduced to just 447.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Ontario" title="List of municipalities in Ontario">list of municipalities in Ontario</a> is updated regularly. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a> – In 1967, the towns of <a href="/wiki/Leaside" title="Leaside">Leaside</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mimico" title="Mimico">Mimico</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Toronto" title="New Toronto">New Toronto</a> and <a href="/wiki/Weston,_Toronto" title="Weston, Toronto">Weston</a> and the villages of <a href="/wiki/Forest_Hill,_Toronto" title="Forest Hill, Toronto">Forest Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Long_Branch,_Toronto" title="Long Branch, Toronto">Long Branch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Swansea,_Toronto" title="Swansea, Toronto">Swansea</a> amalgamated into the city and various boroughs comprising <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Toronto" title="Metropolitan Toronto">Metropolitan Toronto</a>. In 1998, the former boroughs within Metropolitan Toronto were merged into a new <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">City of Toronto</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Ontario" title="Cambridge, Ontario">Cambridge</a> – In 1973, the provincial government created the new City of Cambridge by amalgamating the City of Galt, the towns of <a href="/wiki/Preston,_Ontario" title="Preston, Ontario">Preston</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hespeler,_Ontario" title="Hespeler, Ontario">Hespeler</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunder_Bay" title="Thunder Bay">Thunder Bay</a> – On 1 January 1970, the twin cities of <a href="/wiki/Fort_William,_Ontario" title="Fort William, Ontario">Fort William</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Port_Arthur,_Ontario" title="Port Arthur, Ontario">Port Arthur</a>, merged into one city.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a> – In 2001, the municipalities of Ottawa, <a href="/wiki/Cumberland,_Ontario" title="Cumberland, Ontario">Cumberland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Osgoode_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Osgoode Township, Ontario">Osgoode</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rideau_Township,_Ontario" title="Rideau Township, Ontario">Rideau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goulbourn_Township,_Ontario" title="Goulbourn Township, Ontario">Goulbourn</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Carleton_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="West Carleton Township, Ontario">West Carleton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nepean,_Ontario" title="Nepean, Ontario">Nepean</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanata,_Ontario" title="Kanata, Ontario">Kanata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gloucester,_Ontario" title="Gloucester, Ontario">Gloucester</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vanier,_Ontario" title="Vanier, Ontario">Vanier</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rockcliffe_Park,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Rockcliffe Park, Ontario">Rockcliffe Park</a> amalgamated into a new City of Ottawa.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Sudbury" title="Greater Sudbury">Greater Sudbury</a> – resulted from the merger of the former <a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Sudbury" title="Regional Municipality of Sudbury">Regional Municipality of Sudbury</a> in 2001; the regional municipality itself was created by a series of municipal amalgamations in 1973.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Ontario" title="Hamilton, Ontario">Hamilton</a> – In 2001, the former City of <a href="/wiki/Stoney_Creek,_Ontario" title="Stoney Creek, Ontario">Stoney Creek</a> and the former towns of <a href="/wiki/Ancaster,_Ontario" title="Ancaster, Ontario">Ancaster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dundas,_Ontario" title="Dundas, Ontario">Dundas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flamborough,_Ontario" title="Flamborough, Ontario">Flamborough</a> and <a href="/wiki/Glanbrook,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Glanbrook, Ontario">Glanbrook</a> merged to create the new City of Hamilton.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temiskaming_Shores" title="Temiskaming Shores">Temiskaming Shores</a> – In 2004, the towns of New Liskeard and Haileybury, along with the township of Dymond, merged to create the new town of Temiskaming Shores.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Quebec">Quebec</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Quebec"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Reorganization_of_Montreal" class="mw-redirect" title="Reorganization of Montreal">Reorganization of Montreal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Municipal_reorganization_in_Quebec" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal reorganization in Quebec">Municipal reorganization in Quebec</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gatineau" title="Gatineau">Gatineau</a> – five municipalities in southwestern Quebec (Gatineau, <a href="/wiki/Hull,_Quebec" title="Hull, Quebec">Hull</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aylmer,_Quebec" title="Aylmer, Quebec">Aylmer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buckingham,_Quebec" title="Buckingham, Quebec">Buckingham</a> and <a href="/wiki/Masson-Angers,_Quebec" class="mw-redirect" title="Masson-Angers, Quebec">Masson-Angers</a>) were merged into a new city of Gatineau in 2002.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longueuil" title="Longueuil">Longueuil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a> – In the <a href="/wiki/Reorganization_of_Montreal" class="mw-redirect" title="Reorganization of Montreal">Montreal Merger</a> on 1 January 2002, the <a href="/wiki/Parti_Qu%C3%A9b%C3%A9cois" title="Parti Québécois">Parti Québécois</a> provincial government merged all municipalities on the <a href="/wiki/Island_of_Montreal" title="Island of Montreal">Island of Montreal</a> into a new City of Montreal. On 1 January 2006, a partial demerger occurred.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_City" title="Quebec City">Quebec City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rouyn-Noranda" title="Rouyn-Noranda">Rouyn-Noranda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saguenay,_Quebec" title="Saguenay, Quebec">Saguenay</a> – The cities of <a href="/wiki/Chicoutimi" title="Chicoutimi">Chicoutimi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jonqui%C3%A8re" title="Jonquière">Jonquière</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Baie,_Quebec" class="mw-redirect" title="La Baie, Quebec">La Baie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Laterri%C3%A8re,_Quebec" title="Laterrière, Quebec">Laterrière</a>, along with the municipalities of Lac-Kénogami and Shipshaw and part of the township of Tremblay, were amalgamated into the City of Saguenay in 2002.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherbrooke" title="Sherbrooke">Sherbrooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trois-Rivi%C3%A8res" title="Trois-Rivières">Trois-Rivières</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val-d%27Or" title="Val-d'Or">Val-d'Or</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Manitoba">Manitoba</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Manitoba"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Winnipeg" title="Winnipeg">Winnipeg</a>: in 1971, the municipalities of <a href="/wiki/Transcona,_Winnipeg" class="mw-redirect" title="Transcona, Winnipeg">Transcona</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Boniface,_Manitoba" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Boniface, Manitoba">St. Boniface</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Vital,_Winnipeg" title="St. Vital, Winnipeg">St. Vital</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Kildonan" title="West Kildonan">West Kildonan</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Kildonan,_Winnipeg" class="mw-redirect" title="East Kildonan, Winnipeg">East Kildonan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tuxedo,_Winnipeg" title="Tuxedo, Winnipeg">Tuxedo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Old_Kildonan" title="Old Kildonan">Old Kildonan</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Kildonan" title="North Kildonan">North Kildonan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fort_Garry,_Winnipeg" title="Fort Garry, Winnipeg">Fort Garry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charleswood,_Winnipeg" title="Charleswood, Winnipeg">Charleswood</a>, and <a href="/wiki/St._James,_Manitoba" class="mw-redirect" title="St. James, Manitoba">St. James</a> were amalgamated via the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Winnipeg_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="City of Winnipeg Act">City of Winnipeg Act</a>. The word <i>unicity</i> is used more commonly than megacity to describe that particular amalgamation.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="China">China</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: China"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The two previously independent cities <a href="/wiki/Hankou" title="Hankou">Hankou</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wuchang_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Wuchang District">Wuchang</a>, as well as the county of <a href="/wiki/Hanyang_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyang District">Hanyang</a>, were merged into one city by the name <a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a> in 1927. Wuhan was named China's first <a href="/wiki/Direct-controlled_municipality" title="Direct-controlled municipality">direct-controlled municipality</a>, and briefly served as a capital of China twice, <a href="/wiki/Wuhan_Nationalist_government" title="Wuhan Nationalist government">first</a> by left-wing <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Nationalists</a>, later during the <a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">Sino-Japanese War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-历史沿革_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-历史沿革-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-江汉综述_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-江汉综述-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Denmark">Denmark</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Denmark"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1970, mergers brought the number of <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Denmark" title="Municipalities of Denmark">municipalities of Denmark</a> from 1,098 to 277. In 2007, the (by then) 270 municipalities were consolidated into 98 municipalities, most of them the result of mergers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Finland">Finland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Finland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sastamala_kuntaliitokset.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Sastamala_kuntaliitokset.svg/170px-Sastamala_kuntaliitokset.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Sastamala_kuntaliitokset.svg/255px-Sastamala_kuntaliitokset.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Sastamala_kuntaliitokset.svg/340px-Sastamala_kuntaliitokset.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="1030" /></a><figcaption>Map of the former municipalities that together merged the town of <a href="/wiki/Sastamala" title="Sastamala">Sastamala</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pirkanmaa" title="Pirkanmaa">Pirkanmaa</a>, Finland.</figcaption></figure> <p>An ongoing series of mergers has reduced the number of <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Finland" title="Municipalities of Finland">municipalities of Finland</a> from 432 in 2006 to 309 in 2021, from 2025 in 308 municipalities (<a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4ntyharju" title="Mäntyharju">Mäntyharju</a> merges with <a href="/wiki/Pertunmaa" title="Pertunmaa">Pertunmaa</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Germany">Germany</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Germany"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several <a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany">states</a> of <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a> carried out municipal merger programmes in the 1960s and 1970s. In <a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Baden-Württemberg">Baden-Württemberg</a>, the number of municipalities dropped from 3,379 to 1,110 between 1968 and 1975; in <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>, from roughly 7,000 to roughly 2,000 between 1972 and 1978; in <a href="/wiki/Hesse" title="Hesse">Hesse</a>, from 2,642 to 421 between 1972 and 1977; in <a href="/wiki/North_Rhine-Westphalia" title="North Rhine-Westphalia">North Rhine-Westphalia</a>, from 2,365 to 396 between 1967 and 1975; and in <a href="/wiki/Saarland" title="Saarland">Saarland</a>, from 345 to 50 in 1974. In the Bavarian town of <a href="/wiki/Ermershausen" title="Ermershausen">Ermershausen</a>, citizens occupied the town hall to resist the merger with <a href="/wiki/Maroldsweisach" title="Maroldsweisach">Maroldsweisach</a> – unsuccessfully, although Ermershausen was reconstituted as an independent municipality in 1994 – and <a href="/wiki/Horgau" title="Horgau">Horgau</a>, also in Bavaria, successfully appealed its merger with <a href="/wiki/Zusmarshausen" title="Zusmarshausen">Zusmarshausen</a> to the Constitutional Court of Bavaria (<i>Bayerischer Verfassungsgerichtshof</i>). Mergers have also taken place in the former <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a> after 1990, for example in <a href="/wiki/Brandenburg" title="Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a> in 2003. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Greece">Greece</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Greece"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Kallikratis_Plan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kallikratis Plan">Kallikratis Plan</a> replaced the 1033 <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_and_communities_of_Greece" title="Municipalities and communities of Greece">municipalities and communities of Greece</a> with 325 new municipalities in 2011. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hungary">Hungary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Hungary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a>, the capital and largest city in Hungary, was formed from the merger of the cities of Buda and Pest across the river Danube in 1873. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indonesia">Indonesia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Indonesia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There were mergers of administrative divisions in Indonesia. Merger of the <a href="/wiki/Special_Region_of_Surakarta" title="Special Region of Surakarta">Special Region of Surakarta</a> into <a href="/wiki/Central_Java" title="Central Java">Central Java</a> in 1946, is the only instance of provincial merger in the country. On 18 October 1951, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adikarto_Regency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adikarto Regency (page does not exist)">Adikarto Regency</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabupaten_Adikarto" class="extiw" title="id:Kabupaten Adikarto">id</a>]</span> was merged into <a href="/wiki/Kulon_Progo_Regency" title="Kulon Progo Regency">Kulon Progo Regency</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Special_Region_of_Yogyakarta" title="Special Region of Yogyakarta">Special Region of Yogyakarta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2003, several administrative cities (<span title="Indonesian-language text"><i lang="id">kota administratif</i></span>) in Indonesia were merged back to the parent regencies, due to the Government Regulation no. 33 of 2003 which removed their status.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All other administrative cities had become autonomous before 2003. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baturaja" title="Baturaja">Baturaja</a> into <a href="/wiki/Ogan_Komering_Ulu_Regency" title="Ogan Komering Ulu Regency">Ogan Komering Ulu Regency</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Sumatra" title="South Sumatra">South Sumatra</a></li> <li>Cilacap into <a href="/wiki/Cilacap_Regency" title="Cilacap Regency">Cilacap Regency</a>, Central Java</li> <li>Jember into <a href="/wiki/Jember_Regency" title="Jember Regency">Jember Regency</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Java" title="East Java">East Java</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kisaran" title="Kisaran">Kisaran</a> into <a href="/wiki/Asahan_Regency" title="Asahan Regency">Asahan Regency</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Sumatra" title="North Sumatra">North Sumatra</a></li> <li>Klaten into <a href="/wiki/Klaten_Regency" title="Klaten Regency">Klaten Regency</a>, Central Java</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purwokerto" title="Purwokerto">Purwokerto</a> into <a href="/wiki/Banyumas_Regency" title="Banyumas Regency">Banyumas Regency</a>, Central Java</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rantau_Prapat" title="Rantau Prapat">Rantau Prapat</a> into <a href="/wiki/Labuhanbatu_Regency" title="Labuhanbatu Regency">Labuhanbatu Regency</a>, North Sumatra</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watampone" title="Watampone">Watampone</a> into <a href="/wiki/Bone_Regency" title="Bone Regency">Bone Regency</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Sulawesi" title="South Sulawesi">South Sulawesi</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Israel">Israel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Israel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2003 the cities of <a href="/wiki/Baqa_al-Gharbiyye" title="Baqa al-Gharbiyye">Baqa al-Gharbiyye</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jatt,_Israel" title="Jatt, Israel">Jatt</a> joined to form the city of <a href="/wiki/Baqa-Jatt" title="Baqa-Jatt">Baqa-Jatt</a>, but the merger was dissolved in 2010. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japan">Japan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Japan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Municipal_mergers_and_dissolutions_in_Japan" title="Municipal mergers and dissolutions in Japan">Municipal mergers and dissolutions in Japan</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Malaysia">Malaysia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Malaysia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 21 April 2018, The Negeri Sembilan state government declared of <a href="/wiki/Seremban_Municipal_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Seremban Municipal Council">Seremban Municipal Council</a> (MPS) and <a href="/wiki/Nilai_Municipal_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Nilai Municipal Council">Nilai Municipal Council</a> (MPN) were to become Seremban City Council (MBS) effective in January 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="New_Zealand">New Zealand</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: New Zealand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In November 2010, the Seven Councils of Auckland City: Auckland City Council, Manukau City Council, Waitakere City Council, North Shore City Council, Papakura District Council, Rodney District Council and most of Franklin District Council has seen amalgamated to form Auckland City Council. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Philippines">Philippines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Philippines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the Philippines, <a href="/wiki/Iloilo_City" title="Iloilo City">Iloilo City</a> is a consolidation of former towns, which are now the geographical or <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_the_Philippines#Local_administrative_districts" title="Administrative divisions of the Philippines">administrative districts</a> consisting of: <a href="/wiki/Arevalo,_Iloilo_City" title="Arevalo, Iloilo City">Villa de Arevalo</a>, <a href="/wiki/City_Proper,_Iloilo_City" class="mw-redirect" title="City Proper, Iloilo City">Iloilo City Proper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jaro,_Iloilo_City" title="Jaro, Iloilo City">Jaro</a> (an independent city before), <a href="/wiki/La_Paz,_Iloilo_City" title="La Paz, Iloilo City">La Paz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mandurriao" title="Mandurriao">Mandurriao</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Molo,_Iloilo_City" title="Molo, Iloilo City">Molo</a>. The district of <a href="/wiki/Lapuz,_Iloilo_City" title="Lapuz, Iloilo City">Lapuz</a>, a former part of La Paz, was declared a separate district in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-thenewstoday.info_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thenewstoday.info-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Portugal">Portugal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Portugal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> was one of the first countries in the world to make an enlarged modern administrative reform, particularly during the 19th century. In the early 19th century, the country was divided into more than 800 municipalities. In 1832, during <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Portuguese Civil War">Portuguese Civil War</a>, a law from <a href="/wiki/Mouzinho_da_Silveira" title="Mouzinho da Silveira">Mouzinho da Silveira</a>, minister from the liberal <a href="/wiki/Government-in-exile" title="Government-in-exile">government-in-exile</a> (which then ruled only in the <a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a>) simplified the public administration, and reduced the number of municipalities to 796. In 1836, after the liberal victory, <a href="/wiki/Passos_Manuel" title="Passos Manuel">Passos Manuel</a>, minister from the government of the <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_de_S%C3%A1_Nogueira_de_Figueiredo,_1st_Marquess_of_S%C3%A1_da_Bandeira" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, 1st Marquess of Sá da Bandeira">Marquess of Sá da Bandeira</a> made a profound administrative reform which reduced significantly the number of municipalities, fixing it to 351. Passos Manuel's reform followed a trend very decentralist, creating an elected municipal administration. In 1855, another series of mergers reduced the number of municipalities to 254. In the rest of the 19th century, some series of mergers occurred (particularly during the 1890s), meanwhile other municipalities were restored. Thereafter, the changes to the municipal map focused mainly on the restoration and creation of new municipalities, particularly in the 20th century. Nowadays, there are 308 <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Portugal" title="Municipalities of Portugal">municipalities in Portugal</a>. The last alteration to the municipal map, occurred in 1998, with the creation of the municipalities of <a href="/wiki/Odivelas_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Odivelas Municipality">Odivelas</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Lisbon_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Lisbon district">Lisbon district</a>), <a href="/wiki/Trofa_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Trofa Municipality">Trofa</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Porto_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Porto district">Porto district</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Vizela_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Vizela Municipality">Vizela</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Braga_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Braga district">Braga district</a>). </p><p>In 2013, more than 1,000 <a href="/wiki/Parish" title="Parish">parishes</a>/<a href="/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia">freguesias</a> were merged. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sweden">Sweden</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Sweden"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many rural <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Sweden" title="Municipalities of Sweden">municipalities of Sweden</a> were merged in 1952; the number of them decreasing from 2,281 to 816. Another series of mergers, this time also including cities and market towns, reduced the total number of municipalities from roughly 1,000 in the early 1960s to 278 in 1974. As of 2013, Sweden has 290 municipalities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In United States politics, such a merged entity may be called a <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city%E2%80%93county" class="mw-redirect" title="Consolidated city–county">consolidated city–county</a>. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Greater_New_York" title="City of Greater New York">City of Greater New York</a> – The amalgamation of the five boroughs (<a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Bronx" title="The Bronx">The Bronx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn, New York">Brooklyn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Queens,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Queens, New York">Queens</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Staten_Island" title="Staten Island">Staten Island</a>) of New York.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unigov" title="Unigov">Unigov</a> – The local government amalgamation of <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Borough_of_Princeton,_New_Jersey" title="Borough of Princeton, New Jersey">Princeton Borough</a> and <a href="/wiki/Princeton_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Princeton Township, New Jersey">Princeton Township</a> became one municipality (<a href="/wiki/Princeton,_New_Jersey" title="Princeton, New Jersey">Princeton, New Jersey</a>), in January 2013, after voters passed a referendum in early November 2011, supported by residents of both municipalities.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_annexation" title="Municipal annexation">Municipal annexation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_agglomeration" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban agglomeration">Urban agglomeration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combined_statistical_area" title="Combined statistical area">Combined statistical area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conurbation" title="Conurbation">Conurbation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecumenopolis" title="Ecumenopolis">Ecumenopolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekistics" title="Ekistics">Ekistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_double_placenames" title="List of double placenames">List of double placenames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_city" title="Independent city">Independent city</a>, the opposite of a <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city%E2%80%93county" class="mw-redirect" title="Consolidated city–county">consolidated city–county</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City-state" title="City-state">City-state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalopolis" title="Megalopolis">Megalopolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megacity" title="Megacity">Megacity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metropolitan area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolis" title="Metropolis">Metropolis</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merger_(politics)&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archives.gov.on.ca/english/on-line-exhibits/maps/currentrestructure.aspx">Municipal restructuring since 1996</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121105084333/http://www.archives.gov.on.ca/english/on-line-exhibits/maps/currentrestructure.aspx">Archived</a> 5 November 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Archives of Ontario. Retrieved 1 January 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-历史沿革-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-历史沿革_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120625224752/http://www.jianghan.gov.cn/zoujinjianghan/lsyg/201202/t20120214_41133.html"><bdi lang="zh">历史沿革</bdi></a>. 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Thenewstoday.info (22 December 2008). Retrieved on 7 November 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_Mancuso/The_Times2011" class="citation web cs1">Michael Mancuso/The Times (9 November 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nj.com/mercer/index.ssf/2011/11/princeton_voters_approve_conso.html">"Princeton voters approve consolidation of borough, township into one municipality"</a>. NJ.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Princeton+voters+approve+consolidation+of+borough%2C+township+into+one+municipality&rft.pub=NJ.com&rft.date=2011-11-09&rft.au=Michael+Mancuso%2FThe+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nj.com%2Fmercer%2Findex.ssf%2F2011%2F11%2Fprinceton_voters_approve_conso.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMerger+%28politics%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q452440#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4151286-8">Germany</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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