Facilities and Infrastructure | NSF - National Science Foundation

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</div> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item researchgov"> <a href="https://www.research.gov/"> <span>Research.gov</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item grantsgov"> <a href="https://www.grants.gov/"> <span>Grants.gov</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item baamnsfgov"> <a href="https://baam.nsf.gov/s/"> <span>Baam.nsf.gov</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item our-directorates--offices"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/about/directorates-offices"> <span>Our Directorates & Offices</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item manage-your-award"> <button type="button" class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mega-nav-section-2"> <span>Manage Your Award</span> </button> <div id="basic-mega-nav-section-2" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden=""> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-3"> <div class="usa-col "> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <span class="usa-nav__submenu-item-dupe-parent">Guidance For Awardees</span> </div> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item getting-started"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/awards/manage"> <span>Getting Started</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item request-a-change-to-your-award"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/awards/request-a-change"> <span>Request a Change to Your Award</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item report-your-outcomes"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/awards/report-your-outcomes"> <span>Report Your Outcomes</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item proposal--award-policies--procedures-guide-pappg"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/policies/pappg"> <span>Proposal & Award Policies & Procedures Guide (PAPPG)</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="usa-col "> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <span class="usa-nav__submenu-item-dupe-parent">Additional Resources</span> </div> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item researchgov"> <a href="https://www.research.gov/"> <span>Research.gov</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item nsf-public-access-repository-par"> <a href="https://par.nsf.gov/"> <span>NSF Public Access Repository (PAR)</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item our-directorates--offices"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/about/directorates-offices"> <span>Our Directorates & Offices</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item search-funded-projects-awards"> <a href="https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/"> <span>Search Funded Projects (Awards)</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item focus-areas"> <button type="button" class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link usa-current" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mega-nav-section-3"> <span>Focus Areas</span> </button> <div id="basic-mega-nav-section-3" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden=""> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-3"> <div class="usa-col "> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <span class="usa-nav__submenu-item-dupe-parent">Areas We Fund</span> </div> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item arctic--antarctic"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/focus-areas/arctic-antarctic"> <span>Arctic & Antarctic</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item astronomy--space"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/focus-areas/astronomy-space"> <span>Astronomy & Space</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item biology"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/focus-areas/biology"> <span>Biology</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item chemistry"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/focus-areas/chemistry"> <span>Chemistry</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item computing"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/focus-areas/computing"> <span>Computing</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item diversity-in-stem"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/funding/initiatives/broadening-participation"> <span>Diversity in STEM</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item earth--environment"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/focus-areas/earth-environment"> <span>Earth & Environment</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item education--training"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/focus-areas/education"> <span>Education & Training</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item engineering"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/focus-areas/engineering"> <span>Engineering</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item facilities--infrastructure"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/focus-areas/infrastructure"> <span>Facilities & Infrastructure</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item materials-research"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/focus-areas/materials"> <span>Materials Research</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item mathematics"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/focus-areas/mathematics"> <span>Mathematics</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item people--society"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/focus-areas/people-society"> <span>People & Society</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item physics-"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/focus-areas/physics"> <span>Physics </span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item research-partnerships"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/focus-areas/research-partnerships"> <span>Research Partnerships</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item technology"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/focus-areas/technology"> <span>Technology</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item explore-all-focus-areas"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/focus-areas"> <span>Explore all Focus Areas</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="usa-col "> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <span class="usa-nav__submenu-item-dupe-parent">Additional Resources</span> </div> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item explore-our-impacts"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/impacts"> <span>Explore Our Impacts</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item search-funded-projects-awards"> <a href="https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/"> <span>Search Funded Projects (Awards)</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item nsf-by-the-numbers"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/about/about-nsf-by-the-numbers"> <span>NSF by the Numbers</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item our-directorates--offices"> <a href="https://new.nsf.gov/about/directorates-offices"> <span>Our Directorates & Offices</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item news--events"> <button type="button" class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mega-nav-section-4"> <span>News & Events</span> </button> <div id="basic-mega-nav-section-4" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden=""> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-3"> <div class="usa-col "> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <span 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srcset="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/hero/s3/2023-04/xBD201805-00354-042_CC.jpg.webp?VersionId=CCaPAukxMlYQkx8X5Si7qzda_7RBOvzE&itok=FBdMKu_U" media="(min-width: 1204px)" type="image/webp" /> <source srcset="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/hero_medium/s3/2023-04/xBD201805-00354-042_CC.jpg.webp?VersionId=WrVfPiqQsn2c_o88RVXJjHKWUQ8mgrgy&itok=OWYtpi3P" media="(min-width: 580px)" type="image/webp" /> <img class="hero__image-image" src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/hero_small/s3/2023-04/xBD201805-00354-042_CC.jpg.webp?VersionId=FCfagwUQlGs9AUyh2Fq08Hh5r1N2AfNy&itok=yeO4a9IT" alt="Nighttime scene of a hilly area with five buildings, including observatories, against a background of a star-filled sky." /> </picture> <span class="hero__overlay"></span> <div class="hero hero--default hero--style-dynamic-image-overlay hero--media-type-image"> <div class="hero__content hero__content--default "> <div class="hero__content-inner"> <div class="hero__meta"> </div> <h1 class="hero__title hero-heading">Facilities and Infrastructure</h1> <div class="hero__tagline"> Empowering scientists, engineers and educators to explore, experiment and discover new frontiers. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="hero-credit-caption__wrapper"> <div class="hero-credit-caption"> <div class="hero-credit-caption__content"> <span aria-hidden="true"> <div class="icon__camera"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="3.2" fill="#005EA2" /><path d="M9 2L7.17 4H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v12c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h16c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V6c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2h-3.17L15 2H9zm3 15c-2.76 0-5-2.24-5-5s2.24-5 5-5 5 2.24 5 5-2.24 5-5 5z" fill="#005EA2"/></svg> </div> </span> <div class="hero-credit-caption__text"> <a class="credit__link" href="#image-caption-credit-block" > View image credit & caption</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <section class="usa-section uswds-middle-section"> <div class="grid-container"> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-lg"> <div class="mobile-lg:grid-col-fill"> <div class="region region-breadcrumb"> <div id="block-nsf-theme-breadcrumbs" class="block block-system block-system-breadcrumb-block block-nsf-theme-breadcrumbs"> <nav id="system-breadcrumb" aria-label="Breadcrumb" class="breadcrumbs"> <ol class="breadcrumbs__list"> <li class="breadcrumbs__item "> <a href="https://www.nsf.gov" class="breadcrumbs__item--url" > <span >Home</span> </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumbs__item breadcrumbs__item--has-arrow "> <a href="/focus-areas" class="breadcrumbs__item--url" > <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="64" height="64" viewBox="0 0 64 64"> <title>arrow-left</title> <path fill="currentColor" d="M32.582 0c.566 0 1.067.212 1.502.64l3.265 3.206c.434.427.651.919.651 1.476 0 .554-.216 1.047-.651 1.474L15.759 28h46.048c.538 0 1.005.154 1.4.461l.145.122c.424.39.636.861.636 1.417v4c0 .556-.212 1.028-.636 1.417-.424.389-.94.583-1.545.583H15.76l21.586 21.203c.387.38.602.81.645 1.292l.008.183c0 .555-.218 1.047-.653 1.475l-3.263 3.205c-.435.428-.936.642-1.502.642s-1.066-.213-1.502-.641L.653 33.475C.218 33.048 0 32.555 0 32c0-.556.218-1.048.653-1.474L31.08.639C31.515.212 32.016 0 32.582 0z"/> </svg> <span >Our Focus Areas</span> </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumbs__item "> <span class="breadcrumbs__item--current" aria-current="page">Facilities and Infrastructure</span> </li> </ol> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <main class="uswds-main-content-wrapper grid-container not-search-page three-col-layout"> <div class="grid-row"> </div> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-6"> <div class="region-content full-width-container tablet:grid-col-12"> <div id="content-article-wrap"> <div class="region region-content"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <div id="block-nsf-theme-content" class="block block-system block-system-main-block block-nsf-theme-content"> <article class="node node--type-layout-builder-page node--promoted node--view-mode-full"> <div class="node__content"> <article class="node text__container node--type-layout-builder-page node--promoted node--view-mode-pre-layout-fields"> <div class="node_view"></div> </article> <div class="layout-container--wrapper nsf-layout nsf-layout--twocol-60-40 constrained-width"> <div class="nsf-layout--outer"> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> </div> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-text nsf-component"> <section class="text__container"> <div class="body-1"><p>We support cutting-edge research facilities and infrastructure that span the globe, from mountaintop observatories and ocean vessels to powerful electromagnets and supercomputers.</p></div> <div class="text__content text-formatted"><p>Every day, researchers use NSF's facilities and infrastructure to devise new materials for manufacturing and medicine, improve responses to natural catastrophes, understand weather and climate patterns, and explore extreme environments — from celestial bodies to the Earth's poles and ocean depths.</p></div> </section> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <section data-component-id="nsf_theme:related-links" class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockrelated-links-with-files nsf-component"> <div class="related-links nsf-component related-links--chevron"> <ul class="link-list"> <li class="link-list__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--attachment paragraph--view-mode--ief-table"> <div class="grid-col-fill"> <div class="field field-para-attachment-link"><a href="/funding/opportunities?sort_bef_combine=search_api_relevance_DESC&fields_selected%5Btitle%5D=title&fields_selected%5Bsubtitle%5D=subtitle&fields_selected%5Bsynopsis-main%5D=synopsis-main&search_api_fulltext=infrastructure&query=infrastructure&sort=search_api_relevance_DESC">Find funding for research infrastructure</a></div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="link-list__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--attachment paragraph--view-mode--ief-table"> <div class="grid-col-fill"> <div class="field field-para-attachment-link"><a href="https://www.nsf.gov/div/index.jsp?div=OAC">Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure</a></div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="link-list__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--attachment paragraph--view-mode--ief-table"> <div class="grid-col-fill"> <div class="field field-para-attachment-link"><a href="https://www.nsf.gov/div/index.jsp?div=DBI">Division of Biological Infrastructure</a></div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="link-list__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--attachment paragraph--view-mode--ief-table"> <div class="grid-col-fill"> <div class="field field-para-attachment-link"><a href="https://www.nsf.gov/bfa/lfo/">Research Infrastructure Office</a></div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </section> </div> </div> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout-container--wrapper nsf-layout nsf-layout--threecol full-browser-width"> <div class="nsf-layout--outer"> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--headline"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-text nsf-component"> <section class="text__container"> <div class="body-1"><h2>What we support</h2></div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div class="cta block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" data-media-id="9586" data-is-footer-caption-credit data-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/2023-07/PF7118_summit_h.jpg?VersionId=5Q61kCUpGYfJ645Zx2H8L7zmpYV.j2nx" data-footer-caption-credit-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/image_credit_caption_block_130x78_/s3/2023-07/PF7118_summit_h.jpg?VersionId=97ZIgY9hX5OWiQ7XHPx_LbeGY2HKWX.Y&amp;itok=JL1jba1t" data-caption="Science technician Marci Beitch launches a radiosonde in high winds at Summit Station, Greenland, as part of the National Science Foundation-sponsored program, Integrated Characterization of Energy, Clouds, Atmospheric state, and Precipitation at Summit (ICECAPS). More about this image ICECAPS has been operating since 2010 to better understand atmospheric and cloud processes over Greenland. The project includes researchers from Washington State University, the University of Colorado, Boulder, the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Vanderbilt University, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Learn more about the ICECAPS experiment Here. [Research supported by NSF grant OPP 14-14314.]" data-credit="August Allen, Polar Field Services" data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__image"> <img class="cta__img--full" src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/cta_image/s3/2023-07/PF7118_summit_h.jpg?VersionId=o2BLqT8PWcvymOkP4kGTmNfrpFtBznns&itok=yWHS_mJx" alt="" /> </div> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><h3>Enabling discovery and innovation</h3> <p>By providing state-of-the-art research facilities and infrastructure, we empower scientists and engineers to explore, experiment and discover new frontiers.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cta " data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><p>Our programs include:</p> <ul> <li><a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="61c6a4f1-0e41-44da-a6f8-c428b3250757" href="/funding/opportunities/mri-major-research-instrumentation-program/5260" title="Major Research Instrumentation Program (MRI)">Major Research Instrumentation (MRI)</a></li> <li><a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="fbf0d825-0e88-4367-823b-f4d04008dfd2" href="/funding/opportunities/mid-scale-ri-1-mid-scale-research-infrastructure-1/505602" title="Mid-scale Research Infrastructure-1 (Mid-scale RI-1)">Mid-scale Research Infrastructure-1 (Mid-scale RI-1)</a></li> <li><a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="53ffc2f6-d5f4-4bfe-9db2-bf35e08b5540" href="/funding/opportunities/mid-scale-ri-2-mid-scale-research-infrastructure-2" title="Mid-scale Research Infrastructure-2 (Mid-scale RI-2)">Mid-scale Research Infrastructure-2 (Mid-scale RI-2)</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div class="cta block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" data-media-id="7878" data-is-footer-caption-credit data-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/2023-04/PF5046%20_1021_SOIL-4-WEB-2.jpg?VersionId=9bLA.OVkZK.3ahyuIGD_qMjdD8JDFdiV" data-footer-caption-credit-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/image_credit_caption_block_130x78_/s3/2023-04/PF5046%20_1021_SOIL-4-WEB-2.jpg?VersionId=7sHnYuWP0PPo5pHymUsLgeFE5ORMT01b&amp;itok=RKvb5kE6" data-caption="Scientists have discovered that plants "call" for nutrients, using bacteria in soils as a delivery service. Rice U. scientists learn how plants manipulate their soil environment to assure a cheap, steady supply of nutrients. Rice University graduate student Ilenne Del Valle holds samples of soil with various concentrations of organic carbon and proteins produced by plants that regulate the acquisition of nutrients and pest control." data-credit="Jeff Fitlow/Rice University" data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__image"> <img class="cta__img--full" src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/cta_image/s3/2023-04/PF5046%20_1021_SOIL-4-WEB-2.jpg?VersionId=EUTzWlPWeZr8nsf5DHRw6a86lvC9JG6f&itok=kYxC9z8D" alt="" /> </div> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><h3>Addressing societal challenges</h3> <p>Our research facilities and infrastructure help researchers address societal challenges such as biosecurity, U.S. competitiveness, climate change, and socioeconomic and regional inequities.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--third"> <div class="cta block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" data-media-id="8062" data-is-footer-caption-credit data-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/2023-04/ENG-LASER-TEC_h.jpg?VersionId=qbCHzHfAcY0EBpl6FXsIHNMIrmDp9C6K" data-footer-caption-credit-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/image_credit_caption_block_130x78_/s3/2023-04/ENG-LASER-TEC_h.jpg?VersionId=tgDFWJXaoLhNTaZv4zwc0y82Xhx.UvB1&amp;itok=lRmPZbiX" data-caption="At the Center for Laser and Fiber Optics Education, a U.S. National Science Foundation Advanced Technological Education center, a student learns how to measure output power from a laser." data-credit="Photo from ATE Impacts 2020-2021" data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__image"> <img class="cta__img--full" src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/cta_image/s3/2023-04/ENG-LASER-TEC_h.jpg?VersionId=ubX4keCwcP2jWTR82wEoKHB0EVKzT5si&itok=SJ-vVwkc" alt="" /> </div> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><h3>Enhancing training and workforce development</h3> <p>We provide access to research facilities and infrastructure across the U.S., ensuring the nation educates and maintains a skilled, diverse and forward-thinking science and engineering workforce.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="palette palette--light-gray layout-container--wrapper nsf-layout nsf-layout--threecol full-browser-width"> <div class="nsf-layout--outer"> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--headline"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-text nsf-component"> <section class="text__container"> <div class="body-1"><h2 id="our-major-facilities-b3d">Our major facilities</h2></div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div class="cta block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" data-media-id="9913" data-is-footer-caption-credit data-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/2023-04/12_3_LastDay-2.JPG?VersionId=yRvR9l2YBqnF9AadbFphbUcSriS4W0ZW" data-footer-caption-credit-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/image_credit_caption_block_130x78_/s3/2023-04/12_3_LastDay-2.JPG?VersionId=9evUftKRTq_VDVm7UTKvc1DW_MTVoD0.&amp;itok=mE_BMsuX" data-caption="" data-credit="Amanda Kowalski" data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__image"> <img class="cta__img--full" src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/cta_image/s3/2023-04/12_3_LastDay-2.JPG?VersionId=psbnW..ibILi9mV.HyIFhmP9ptv0ofts&itok=jWWt9sMs" alt="" /> </div> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><h3>U.S. Academic Research Fleet</h3> <p>Featuring over a dozen research vessels ranging in size, endurance and capabilities, the U.S. Academic Research Fleet supports research on the structure, dynamics, chemistry and biology of the ocean.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div class="cta block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" data-media-id="7892" data-is-footer-caption-credit data-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/2023-04/PF4039_gould-rigid-hull-ship-HR.jpg?VersionId=H.ExdlIMP8fxky_BtSeQENiBeHC6kZn1" data-footer-caption-credit-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/image_credit_caption_block_130x78_/s3/2023-04/PF4039_gould-rigid-hull-ship-HR.jpg?VersionId=PbYZAeUY28jOl7mUZpP8c7_hHei4uh3T&amp;itok=hs2RbjfW" data-caption="The research vessel Laurence M. Gould attempts to sail through ice-choked waters near Palmer Station off the Antarctic Peninsula." data-credit="Cynthia Spence, National Science Foundation" data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__image"> <img class="cta__img--full" src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/cta_image/s3/2023-04/PF4039_gould-rigid-hull-ship-HR.jpg?VersionId=PovCQmUDgVrxI_nn89R6GKU7z6GqAQA.&itok=6dHWglfX" alt="" /> </div> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><h3>U.S. Antarctic Program</h3> <p>NSF has managed the U.S. science presence across the Antarctic continent for more than 60 years. NSF-managed facilities and infrastructure there include:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.nsf.gov/geo/opp/support/southp.jsp">Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.nsf.gov/geo/opp/support/mcmurdo.jsp">McMurdo Station</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.nsf.gov/geo/opp/support/palmerst.jsp">Palmer Station</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.nsf.gov/geo/opp/support/gould.jsp">R/V Laurence M. Gould</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.nsf.gov/geo/opp/support/nathpalm.jsp">R/V Nathaniel B. Palmer</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="cta__link"> <a href="https://www.usap.gov/" > Learn more about the U.S. Antarctic Program</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--third"> <div class="cta block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" data-media-id="7317" data-is-footer-caption-credit data-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/media_hub/Zoom_black_wave_logo_v03.jpg?VersionId=YSBK8oFofUDWKeuEDcTcKSznMRmnMXSx" data-footer-caption-credit-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/image_credit_caption_block_130x78_/s3/media_hub/Zoom_black_wave_logo_v03.jpg?VersionId=jYymIFyQCLNJEerlxRYB.Mb9ayFN8Gaf&amp;itok=mcuy171J" data-caption="" data-credit="U.S.National Science Foundation" data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__image"> <img class="cta__img--full" src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/cta_image/s3/media_hub/Zoom_black_wave_logo_v03.jpg?VersionId=fYWp57pS3CTYBiqpwa_imDKu2agCdRiu&itok=zEHN2sNJ" alt="" /> </div> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><h3>Geodetic Facility for the Advancement of Geosciences</h3> <p>GAGE is a distributed facility that enables a diverse research community to make advances in understanding Earth processes that would otherwise not be possible — providing broad access to geodetic instrumentation, field training and support, and data services.</p> </div> <div class="cta__link"> <a href="https://www.unavco.org/what-we-do/gage-facility/" > Learn more about GAGE</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="palette palette--light-gray layout-container--wrapper nsf-layout nsf-layout--threecol full-browser-width"> <div class="nsf-layout--outer"> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> </div> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div class="cta block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" data-media-id="9651" data-is-footer-caption-credit data-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/2023-04/GBO_Jay_Young_023.jpg?VersionId=fVFlWdz4ZvlxWKGCBEhiMXIn.vm9Ki8R" data-footer-caption-credit-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/image_credit_caption_block_130x78_/s3/2023-04/GBO_Jay_Young_023.jpg?VersionId=oO9y_MjHA6L8_rpJrbHCitSTZDoEGpFr&amp;itok=WsXnWd6e" data-caption="These photos were taken at the Green Bank Observatory in a restricted area under the supervision of Observatory staff. To protect our scientific observations of the Universe, no photography is permitted in restricted areas without this direct supervision." data-credit="NSF/GBO/Jay Young" data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__image"> <img class="cta__img--full" src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/cta_image/s3/2023-04/GBO_Jay_Young_023.jpg?VersionId=l5FCGofDaoa.emMeoGx8Smr6sLi_vXEw&itok=CzkRlym2" alt="" /> </div> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><h3>Green Bank Observatory</h3> <p>Since its inception in 1956, Green Bank Observatory — home to the largest fully steerable, single-dish radio telescope in the world — has advanced astronomy in countless ways, studying the origins and evolution of the universe and even searching for signs of intelligent alien life.</p> </div> <div class="cta__link"> <a href="https://greenbankobservatory.org/" > Learn more about Green Bank Observatory</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div class="cta block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" data-media-id="9653" data-is-footer-caption-credit data-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/2023-04/PF7240_2018_h.jpg?VersionId=_lfoAWjkQlPY99o4WbdJ52CBis4bUphL" data-footer-caption-credit-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/image_credit_caption_block_130x78_/s3/2023-04/PF7240_2018_h.jpg?VersionId=_P2B13TCRoe4B7LFpL4BrNIlPwGcRmab&amp;itok=leFk7gMD" data-caption="A bright moon illuminates the IceCube South Pole Neutrino Observatory, located at the National Science Foundation's (NSF) Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station." data-credit="Raffaela Busse; ICECUBE/National Science Foundation" data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__image"> <img class="cta__img--full" src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/cta_image/s3/2023-04/PF7240_2018_h.jpg?VersionId=QEoHSpw3ID8AqId0TtcTJPBDurvCdiQ4&itok=uTt2kRBS" alt="" /> </div> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><h3>IceCube Neutrino Observatory</h3> <p>NSF's IceCube Neutrino Observatory is an enormous and unusual telescope: a grid of thousands of sensors embedded in a cubic kilometer of ice deep in the Antarctic ice sheet that allows it to detect tiny, elusive neutrinos — the least understood particles in the Standard Model of particle physics.</p> </div> <div class="cta__link"> <a href="https://icecube.wisc.edu/" > Learn more about IceCube</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--third"> <div class="cta block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" data-media-id="8624" data-is-footer-caption-credit data-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/2023-04/PF2400_IODP_h.jpg?VersionId=_0I3z2ZYIkWokPbXHoorNrRK24FcsNiI" data-footer-caption-credit-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/image_credit_caption_block_130x78_/s3/2023-04/PF2400_IODP_h.jpg?VersionId=kUCYGRZTxK85zynYXp3flDO5l65WQjbb&amp;itok=WpZ007Hq" data-caption="The <em>JOIDES Resolution</em> drillship collects core samples and collects measurements from under the seafloor, providing new insights into Earth’s history." data-credit="Shuhao Xie/IODP" data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__image"> <img class="cta__img--full" src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/cta_image/s3/2023-04/PF2400_IODP_h.jpg?VersionId=qrpiS8p2IoQwzoWEWA5mUN9g_usFjk5x&itok=sp6lUM4P" alt="" /> </div> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><h3>U.S. Sub-Seafloor Sampling Program</h3> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cta " data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><p>The S3P program (formerly the International Ocean Discovery  Program, or IODP) marks NSF’s shift to a model of scientific ocean drilling that uses mission-specific drilling platforms and technologies to that allow researchers to explore the ocean basins and help researchers better study Earth’s evolution and structure. </p> <p><a name="_msocom_1"></a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="palette palette--light-gray layout-container--wrapper nsf-layout nsf-layout--threecol full-browser-width"> <div class="nsf-layout--outer"> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> </div> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div class="cta block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" data-media-id="9699" data-is-footer-caption-credit data-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/2023-04/201902-108_13.jpg?VersionId=u47RhxA7jU2AKwDz9eUBHiZIPFBEfJfT" data-footer-caption-credit-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/image_credit_caption_block_130x78_/s3/2023-04/201902-108_13.jpg?VersionId=vzeKjhKV818QQc7gbCIcL1pDSPBED2OC&amp;itok=XB6xN1Bp" data-caption="LHC tunnel Pictures during LS2 2019-04-30" data-credit="CERN" data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__image"> <img class="cta__img--full" src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/cta_image/s3/2023-04/201902-108_13.jpg?VersionId=4DjbtvcBMkq6T0XYNcQ0E3a0pVbp1Fmw&itok=HGN32dUS" alt="" /> </div> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><h3>Large Hadron Collider</h3> <p>NSF supports two particle physics detectors — ATLAS and CMS — at the Large Hadron Collider in Switzerland. LHC is the most powerful particle accelerator ever constructed, making it the premier facility in the world for research in elementary particle physics.</p> </div> <div class="cta__link"> <a href="https://home.cern/science/accelerators/large-hadron-collider" > Learn more about the Large Hadron Collider</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div class="cta block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" data-media-id="9655" data-is-footer-caption-credit data-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/2023-04/LIGO_green_h.jpg?VersionId=YvxwLktytVieeuhcYvDjhiDThplg5lqF" data-footer-caption-credit-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/image_credit_caption_block_130x78_/s3/2023-04/LIGO_green_h.jpg?VersionId=cBkVLq9D.1zwICgpCRSGwSHL2e04MMgK&amp;itok=1QFhSbfM" data-caption="A Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory installation specialist checks the alignment of a test beam on the optical table of a transmission monitor system at the far end of one of LIGO's 4 kilometer detector arms. More about this image On Sept. 14, 2015, at 5:51 a.m. EDT (09:51 UTC), for the first time, scientists observed ripples in the fabric of spacetime, called gravitational waves, arriving at Earth from a cataclysmic event in the distant universe. This confirmed a major prediction of Albert Einstein's 1915 general theory of relativity and opens an unprecedented new window to the cosmos. The gravitational waves were detected by both of the twin Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) detectors, located in Livingston, Louisiana, and Hanford, Washington. The LIGO observatories are funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), and were conceived, built and are operated by the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Gravitational waves carry information about their dramatic origins and about the nature of gravity that cannot be obtained from elsewhere. Physicists have concluded that the detected gravitational waves were produced during the final fraction of a second of the merger of two black holes to produce a single, more massive spinning black hole. This collision of two black holes had been predicted but never observed. Based on the observed signals, LIGO scientists estimate that the black holes for this event were about 29 and 36 times the mass of the sun, and the event took place 1.3 billion years ago. About three times the mass of the sun was converted into gravitational waves in a fraction of a second -- with a peak power output about 50 times that of the whole visible universe. By looking at the time of arrival of the signals -- the detector in Livingston recorded the event 7 milliseconds before the detector in Hanford -- scientists can say that the source was located in the Southern Hemisphere. The new LIGO discovery is the first observation of gravitational waves themselves, made by measuring the tiny disturbances the waves make to space and time as they pass through the Earth." data-credit="LIGO Laboratory" data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__image"> <img class="cta__img--full" src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/cta_image/s3/2023-04/LIGO_green_h.jpg?VersionId=HqT7qimyv.W0v8bftrvSszFmpH14WoAD&itok=gRbKC6mP" alt="" /> </div> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><h3>Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory</h3> <p>LIGO is the most sophisticated detector of its kind ever created. In 2015, mere days after its advanced instruments were switched on, LIGO detected gravitational waves for the first time, confirming a major prediction of Albert Einstein's 1915 general theory of relativity.</p> </div> <div class="cta__link"> <a href="https://www.ligo.caltech.edu/" > Learn more about LIGO</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--third"> <div class="cta block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" data-media-id="9922" data-is-footer-caption-credit data-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/2023-04/NCAR%20Mesa%20Laboratory.jpg?VersionId=NqXgBxrdMnHZvkzgqmVzTyxYuEcoVWuv" data-footer-caption-credit-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/image_credit_caption_block_130x78_/s3/2023-04/NCAR%20Mesa%20Laboratory.jpg?VersionId=smmPczNl0Ih3sPszC7dzHu3iIOXiCmfu&amp;itok=4huwPDRF" data-caption="The Mesa Laboratory of the National Center for Atmospheric Research, located atop Table Mesa at the west end of Boulder, Colorado, is recognized as one of the major works of architect I.M. Pei. Completed in 1966, the laboratory strikes many viewers as futuristic, but its design was strongly influenced by the ancient Indian cliff dwellings of Mesa Verde National Park in Colorado." data-credit="University Corporation for Atmospheric Research" data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__image"> <img class="cta__img--full" src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/cta_image/s3/2023-04/NCAR%20Mesa%20Laboratory.jpg?VersionId=0RIY8ocLolfIOQWK9yKSkB.bn_h0Qias&itok=C6k6C2AV" alt="" /> </div> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><h3>National Center for Atmospheric Research</h3> <p>NCAR provides world-class research programs, services and facilities that support research in atmospheric and geospace science, environmental sciences and geosciences.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cta " data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><p>NCAR's facilities include the NCAR-Wyoming Supercomputing Center, the Mauna Loa Solar Observatory, two research aircraft, a transportable ground-based radar system, and a suite of sophisticated weather and climate models.</p> </div> <div class="cta__link"> <a href="https://ncar.ucar.edu/" > Learn more about NCAR</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="palette palette--light-gray layout-container--wrapper nsf-layout nsf-layout--threecol full-browser-width"> <div class="nsf-layout--outer"> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> </div> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div class="cta block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" data-media-id="9642" data-is-footer-caption-credit data-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/2023-04/Ordway-Swisher_NEON_site_010.jpg?VersionId=z4oxSasYh5gN4F4O8gbPOpd7HVY0jjWX" data-footer-caption-credit-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/image_credit_caption_block_130x78_/s3/2023-04/Ordway-Swisher_NEON_site_010.jpg?VersionId=obHUq59PBL3AOZbgc7naSJgyOU3cJ4FM&amp;itok=j4EhuW0-" data-caption="D03 field ecologists Jason and Kevin spent a beautiful Florida fall morning cleaning and inspecting tower sensors at the OSBS tower in Melrose, Florida. Preventative maintenance is an important part of ensuring the highest quality data for our users." data-credit="Photo courtesy of NEON operated by Battelle." data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__image"> <img class="cta__img--full" src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/cta_image/s3/2023-04/Ordway-Swisher_NEON_site_010.jpg?VersionId=x8IZ48m.EP0TTmUzwt1Yhich7NLK5Z3y&itok=d_WkJwTA" alt="" /> </div> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><h3>National Ecological Observatory Network</h3> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cta " data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><p>NEON is a continental-scale ecological observatory featuring cutting-edge sensor networks, instrumentation, observational sampling, natural history archive facilities and remote sensing. NEON enables research on the impacts of climate and land-use change, water use, and invasive species on the nation’s living ecosystems.</p> </div> <div class="cta__link"> <a href="/focus-areas/infrastructure/national-ecological-observatory-network" > Learn more about NEON</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div class="cta block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" data-media-id="8382" data-is-footer-caption-credit data-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/2023-04/magnetic_field_laboratory_signage.jpg?VersionId=jjXop3tj0NXhBJsucaWoVQuj9Xc0G2i7" data-footer-caption-credit-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/image_credit_caption_block_130x78_/s3/2023-04/magnetic_field_laboratory_signage.jpg?VersionId=MUs2EO1dWvDl4pUbVEnqMQLph06Zdgkh&amp;itok=---4eqkH" data-caption="Exterior signage at NSF’s National High Magnetic Field Laboratory headquarters building, located on Florida State University's Southwest Campus." data-credit="Stephen Bilenky/National MagLab" data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__image"> <img class="cta__img--full" src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/cta_image/s3/2023-04/magnetic_field_laboratory_signage.jpg?VersionId=ml252VURO3e.it8n6b9.0hlskMagXcgc&itok=NvyQkd4i" alt="" /> </div> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><h3>National High Magnetic Field Laboratory</h3> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cta " data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><p>MagLab is the largest and highest-powered magnet laboratory in the world, used by thousands of scientists to probe fundamental questions about materials, energy, life and the environment. It is an international leader in magnet design, development and construction, including the development of new superconducting materials.</p> </div> <div class="cta__link"> <a href="https://nationalmaglab.org/" > Learn more about MagLab</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--third"> <div class="cta block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" data-media-id="9491" data-is-footer-caption-credit data-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/2023-04/potw1108a.jpg?VersionId=aO5MjoOT9XlNi4VEskPv80KKQS6C9No0" data-footer-caption-credit-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/image_credit_caption_block_130x78_/s3/2023-04/potw1108a.jpg?VersionId=o.9SBwhME72j7YZX2nZ48v65YL6WcVvL&amp;itok=V1CeMS3p" data-caption="Four antennas of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) gaze up at the star-filled night sky, in anticipation of the work that lies ahead. The Moon lights the scene on the right, while the band of the Milky Way stretches across the upper left. ALMA is being constructed at an altitude of 5000 m on the Chajnantor plateau in the Atacama Desert in Chile. This is one of the driest places on Earth and this dryness, combined with the thin atmosphere at high altitude, offers superb conditions for observing the Universe at millimetre and submillimetre wavelengths. At these long wavelengths, astronomers can probe, for example, molecular clouds, which are dense regions of gas and dust where new stars are born when a cloud collapses under its own gravity. Currently, the Universe remains relatively unexplored at submillimetre wavelengths, so astronomers expect to uncover many new secrets about star formation, as well as the origins of galaxies and planets, when ALMA is operational. The ALMA project is a partnership of Europe, North America and East Asia in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. This picture was taken by ESO Photo Ambassador José Francisco Salgado. Links ESO Photo Ambassadors webpage." data-credit="ESO/José Francisco Salgado (jos" data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__image"> <img class="cta__img--full" src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/cta_image/s3/2023-04/potw1108a.jpg?VersionId=2u3sKBw9oiMG8Q46mwZvjxB01ltiJwsi&itok=iEgIksaX" alt="" /> </div> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><h3>NSF's National Radio Astronomy Observatory</h3> <p>NSF's National Radio Astronomy Observatory designs, builds and operates state-of-the-art radio telescopes used by scientists from around the world. Its facilities include:</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cta " data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><ul> <li><a href="https://public.nrao.edu/telescopes/alma/">Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array</a></li> <li><a href="https://public.nrao.edu/cdl/">Central Development Laboratory</a></li> <li><a href="https://public.nrao.edu/telescopes/vla/">Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array</a></li> <li><a href="https://public.nrao.edu/telescopes/vlba/">Very Long Baseline Array</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="cta__link"> <a href="https://public.nrao.edu/" > Learn more about NSF's National Radio Astronomy Observatory</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="palette palette--light-gray layout-container--wrapper nsf-layout nsf-layout--threecol full-browser-width"> <div class="nsf-layout--outer"> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> </div> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div class="cta block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" data-media-id="9608" data-is-footer-caption-credit data-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/2023-04/NSO_DKIST_poster_a.jpg?VersionId=mnZY5OErAsX_vdW1ZchIFGnMye.f6xU0" data-footer-caption-credit-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/image_credit_caption_block_130x78_/s3/2023-04/NSO_DKIST_poster_a.jpg?VersionId=w2LgEp6GdCEb5ykuNjos5TVRvHV5MbLq&amp;itok=pYodH8Bk" data-caption="The Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) is under construction on the summit of Haleakalā on Maui, Hawaii. The site was chosen out of a world-wide search due to the exceptional "coronal sky." Since DKIST will be observing the sunÕs corona, or outer atmosphere, the sky above the telescope needs to be as free of dust, aerosols and pollutants as possible. The isolated islands of Hawaii provide optimal conditions for clear, coronal skies. DKIST is funded by the National Science Foundation and operated by the National Solar Observatory." data-credit="NSO/AURA/NSF" data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__image"> <img class="cta__img--full" src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/cta_image/s3/2023-04/NSO_DKIST_poster_a.jpg?VersionId=XNppmMeyjRi7Scx_LFPZ5rO_2u19JX8E&itok=zikG6TBV" alt="" /> </div> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><h3>NSF's National Solar Observatory</h3> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cta " data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><p>NSO advances understanding of the sun — as a star, the heart of the solar system and the biggest external influence for life on Earth. It operates the new Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope: the largest, most powerful, solar telescope on Earth, which recently provided the most detailed images of the solar surface ever recorded.</p> </div> <div class="cta__link"> <a href="https://nso.edu/" > Learn more about NSF's National Solar Observatory</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div class="cta block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" data-media-id="9677" data-is-footer-caption-credit data-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/2023-04/iotw2207a.jpg?VersionId=wTfOH8qCzUDCIwO0Dykl.iPLeAUjtX7W" data-footer-caption-credit-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/image_credit_caption_block_130x78_/s3/2023-04/iotw2207a.jpg?VersionId=1Yiq9TfSykRW6bm52xY_rLBOjX08nvpy&amp;itok=_tFYr7WY" data-caption="The NSF-DOE Vera C. Rubin Observatory on Cerro Pachón in Chile. The Rubin Observatory will observe the entire visible southern sky every few nights over the course of a decade, capturing about 1000 images of the sky every night." data-credit="NSF-DOE Rubin Observatory/AURA/B. Quint" data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__image"> <img class="cta__img--full" src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/cta_image/s3/2023-04/iotw2207a.jpg?VersionId=4AXHBow4Z8eHWxzs9zJsljyCz_ADB0KP&itok=uxGqsUxt" alt="" /> </div> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><h3>NSF's NOIRLab</h3> <p>NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory is the nexus for U.S. ground-based, nighttime optical and infrared astronomy. Its observatories include:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://noirlab.edu/public/programs/ctio/">Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory</a></li> <li> <p><a href="https://noirlab.edu/public/programs/gemini-observatory/">International Gemini Observatory</a></p> </li> <li> <p><a href="https://noirlab.edu/public/programs/kitt-peak-national-observatory/">Kitt Peak National Observatory</a></p> </li> <li> <p><a href="https://noirlab.edu/public/programs/vera-c-rubin-observatory/">Vera C. Rubin Observatory</a></p> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="cta__link"> <a href="https://noirlab.edu/" > Learn more about NSF's NOIRLab</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--third"> <div class="cta block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" data-media-id="9928" data-is-footer-caption-credit data-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/2023-04/Coastal%20Endurance%20Surface%20Buoy%20Deployment.JPG?VersionId=ZmKJ.fF8cBlVKQ437jxBeDYpFFxCJH2e" data-footer-caption-credit-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/image_credit_caption_block_130x78_/s3/2023-04/Coastal%20Endurance%20Surface%20Buoy%20Deployment.JPG?VersionId=V1zYBvGXhxPOMA_4GmKk3XxKmL3nhkrt&amp;itok=YS4nATPk" data-caption="" data-credit="OOI CGSN Team/WHOI" data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__image"> <img class="cta__img--full" src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/cta_image/s3/2023-04/Coastal%20Endurance%20Surface%20Buoy%20Deployment.JPG?VersionId=T52dxFVczrRWTJDocGgS9e7J8patVh.1&itok=XJTUJGnq" alt="" /> </div> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><h3>Ocean Observatories Initiative</h3> <p>The Ocean Observatories Initiative features a network of instruments, undersea cables and moorings that span the Western Hemisphere. The network supports research on the physical, chemical, geological and biological processes occurring in coastal and regional areas across the globe.</p> </div> <div class="cta__link"> <a href="https://oceanobservatories.org/" > Learn more about the Ocean Observatories Initiative</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="palette palette--light-gray layout-container--wrapper nsf-layout nsf-layout--threecol full-browser-width"> <div class="nsf-layout--outer"> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> </div> <div class="nsf-layout--inner"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div class="cta block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-blockcomponent-cta nsf-component" data-media-id="9929" data-is-footer-caption-credit data-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/2023-04/PF5040_image1_h.jpg?VersionId=Tzi56tvuVaTnPJXpuV4UB4BHKo_lci.I" data-footer-caption-credit-src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/image_credit_caption_block_130x78_/s3/2023-04/PF5040_image1_h.jpg?VersionId=YfVd.q5u_cnkdWBsfqxNu_BJkDo7Q9zv&amp;itok=2NchFMnp" data-caption="Three-dimensional, high-seismic wavespeed structures beneath East Asia from 50 km to 1000 km depths as viewed from the south. Surface topography with vertical exaggeration is superimposed for reference. Isosurfaces of high wavespeed anomalies in percent, referenced to a 1-D Earth model (STW105) at each depth, are plotted from 1 percent to 4 percent with 1 percent interval. Three cut planes show shear wavespeed maps at 410 km, 660 km and 1000 km depths. The highest elevations represent the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau. An international team of researchers using work based on 3-D supercomputer simulations of earthquake data has found hidden rock structures deep under East Asia. The team used seismic data from 227 East Asia earthquakes during 2007-2011, which they used to image depths to about 900 kilometers, or about 560 miles below ground. With the aid of computational experts and resources, Min Chen, a postdoctoral research associate in the Department of Earth Sciences at Rice University and the principal investigator and lead author of the study, and her colleagues ran simulations on the Stampede and Lonestar4 supercomputers at the Texas Advanced Computing Center through an allocation by XSEDE, the eXtreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment, funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF). "We are combining different kinds of seismic waves to render a more coherent image of the Earth," said Chen. "This process has been helped by supercomputing power that is provided by XSEDE." The researchers say their line of work could potentially help find hidden hydrocarbon resources and, on a broader scale, could help explore the Earth under East Asia and the rest of the world. NSF provided the study funding to produce the digital seismic 3-D model beneath East Asia (grant EAR 13-45096)." data-credit="Min Chen, Earth Science Department, Rice University" data-component-id="nsf_theme:cta"> <div class="cta__image"> <img class="cta__img--full" src="https://nsf-gov-resources.nsf.gov/styles/cta_image/s3/2023-04/PF5040_image1_h.jpg?VersionId=UAZeKTCafWhxpnbf3uaQ8wE4ej4jinBx&itok=Tx-e9mB-" alt="" /> </div> <div class="cta__content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field-block-cta-body"><h3>Seismological Facility for the Advancement of Geoscience</h3> <p>SAGE is a distributed national facility that develops and supports instrumentation for the earth sciences, earthquake research, global real-time earthquake monitoring, and nuclear test ban verification.</p> </div> <div class="cta__link"> <a href="https://www.iris.edu/hq/sage" > Learn more about SAGE</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div class="block 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