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class="vector-toc-text">Algus</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Keele_uurimine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keele_uurimine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Keele uurimine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Keele_uurimine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Keele_teke" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keele_teke"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Keele teke</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Keele_teke-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Keele_muutumine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keele_muutumine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Keele muutumine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Keele_muutumine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Keelte_mitmekesisus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keelte_mitmekesisus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Keelte mitmekesisus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Keelte_mitmekesisus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vaata_ka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vaata_ka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Vaata ka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vaata_ka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Välislingid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Välislingid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Välislingid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Välislingid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sisukord" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Sisukord" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Lülita sisukord ümber" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lülita sisukord ümber</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Keel</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mine teises keeles artiklisse. Saadaval 263 keeles" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-263" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">263 keelt</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahsa" title="Bahsa – atšehi" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Bahsa" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="atšehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="eeskujulik artikkel"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taal" title="Taal – afrikaani" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Taal" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprache" title="Sprache – šveitsisaksa" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Sprache" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="šveitsisaksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Тил – altai" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Тил" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="altai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Алтай тил</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%8B%E1%8A%95%E1%89%8B" title="ቋንቋ – amhara" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቋንቋ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amhara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiel%C3%A2" title="Kielâ – Inari saami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Kielâ" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari saami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spr%C3%A6c" title="Spræc – vanainglise" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Spræc" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="vanainglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9" title="لغة – araabia" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لغة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luengache" title="Luengache – aragoni" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Luengache" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A0%DC%AB%DC%A2%DC%90_(%DC%A1%DC%A1%DC%A0%DC%A0%DC%90)" title="ܠܫܢܐ (ܡܡܠܠܐ) – aramea" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܠܫܢܐ (ܡܡܠܠܐ)" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="aramea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%B8%D6%82" title="Լեզու – läänearmeenia" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Լեզու" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="läänearmeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limb%C3%A2" title="Limbâ – aromuuni" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Limbâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromuuni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengoua" title="Lengoua – frankoprovansi" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Lengoua" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="frankoprovansi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="ভাষা – assami" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ভাষা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llinguaxe" title="Llinguaxe – astuuria" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Llinguaxe" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astuuria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="भाषा – avadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="भाषा" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="avadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91e%27%E1%BA%BDte" title="Ñe'ẽte – guaranii" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ñe'ẽte" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaranii" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%86%D3%80" title="МацӀ – avaari" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="МацӀ" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avaari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aru" title="Aru – aimara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Aru" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aimara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dil" title="Dil – aserbaidžaani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dil" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbaidžaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84" title="دیل – lõunaaserbaidžaani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دیل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="lõunaaserbaidžaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa" title="Bahasa – gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Bahasa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa" title="Bahasa – indoneesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa" title="Bahasa – malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa" title="Basa – bali" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Basa" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="bali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kan" title="Kan – bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Kan" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="ভাষা – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langue" title="Langue – bandžari" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Langue" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="bandžari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%C3%A2n-g%C3%BA" title="Giân-gú – lõunamini" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Giân-gú" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="lõunamini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa" title="Basa – Banyumasi murre" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Basa" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasi murre" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB_(%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Тел (лингвистика) – baškiiri" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Тел (лингвистика)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškiiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Мова – valgevene" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="valgevene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Мова – valgevene (taraškievitsa)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="valgevene (taraškievitsa)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bh%C3%A2sa" title="Bhâsa – madura" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Bhâsa" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="madura" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="भाषा – bihaari" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="भाषा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="bihaari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tataramon" title="Tataramon – keskbikoli" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tataramon" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="keskbikoli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sproch" title="Sproch – baieri" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Sproch" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="baieri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="སྐད་རིགས། – tiibeti" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སྐད་རིགས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tiibeti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jezik" title="Jezik – bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Jezik" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yezh" title="Yezh – bretooni" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Yezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretooni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA_(%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Език (лингвистика) – bulgaaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Език (лингвистика)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Хэлэн – burjaadi" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Хэлэн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="burjaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llenguatge" title="Llenguatge – katalaani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llenguatge" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinulongan" title="Pinulongan – sebu" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Pinulongan" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="sebu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%C4%95%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B5" title="Чĕлхе – tšuvaši" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Чĕлхе" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tšuvaši" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazyk_(lingvistika)" title="Jazyk (lingvistika) – tšehhi" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jazyk (lingvistika)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tšehhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenggu%C3%A5hi" title="Lengguåhi – tšamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Lengguåhi" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="tšamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguaje" title="Lenguaje – Zamboanga tšavakano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Lenguaje" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Zamboanga tšavakano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutauro" title="Mutauro – šona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mutauro" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="šona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iaith" title="Iaith – kõmri" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Iaith" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="kõmri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C9%9Bt%C9%94%C9%A3ili" title="Yɛtɔɣili – dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Yɛtɔɣili" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprog" title="Sprog – taani" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sprog" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="taani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%A9" title="لوغة – Maroko araabia" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لوغة" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Maroko araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giella" title="Giella – põhjasaami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Giella" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="põhjasaami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schprooch" title="Schprooch – Pennsylvania saksa" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Schprooch" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania saksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprache" title="Sprache – saksa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sprache" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="saksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%84%DE%A6%DE%90%DE%B0" title="ބަސް – maldiivi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ބަސް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="maldiivi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="भाषा – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="भाषा" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8D" title="སྐད་ཡིག། – dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="སྐད་ཡིག།" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Γλώσσα – kreeka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γλώσσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="kreeka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langua" title="Langua – emiilia-romanja" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Langua" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="emiilia-romanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="hea artikkel"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language" title="Language – inglise" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguaje" title="Lenguaje – hispaania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lenguaje" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingvo" title="Lingvo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguagi" title="Lenguagi – estremenju" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Lenguagi" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="estremenju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mintzaira" title="Mintzaira – baski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mintzaira" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زبان – pärsia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="pärsia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhasa" title="Bhasa – Fidži hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Bhasa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fidži hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1l" title="Mál – fääri" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Mál" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="fääri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langage" title="Langage – prantsuse" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Langage" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="prantsuse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taal" title="Taal – läänefriisi" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Taal" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="läänefriisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga%C3%A7" title="Lengaç – friuuli" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Lengaç" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friuuli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teanga" title="Teanga – iiri" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Teanga" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87hengey_(%C3%A7haghteraght)" title="Çhengey (çhaghteraght) – mänksi" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Çhengey (çhaghteraght)" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mänksi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gagana" title="Gagana – samoa" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Gagana" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="samoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A0nan" title="Cànan – gaeli" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Cànan" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaeli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguaxe" title="Linguaxe – galeegi" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Linguaxe" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galeegi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Мотт – inguši" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Мотт" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="inguši" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="語言 – kani" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="語言" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="kani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زوان – gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="زوان" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AA%BE" title="ભાષા – gudžarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ભાષા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gudžarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B6%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰 – gooti" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="gooti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="भास आनी भासविज्ञान – Goa konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="भास आनी भासविज्ञान" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goa konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C3%AE-ngi%C3%A8n" title="Ngî-ngièn – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ngî-ngièn" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%96%B8%EC%96%B4" title="언어 – korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="언어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harshe_(yare)" title="Harshe (yare) – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Harshe (yare)" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%B8%D6%82" title="Լեզու – armeenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լեզու" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="भाषा – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="भाषा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jezik" title="Jezik – horvaadi" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguo" title="Linguo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Linguo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/As%E1%BB%A5s%E1%BB%A5" title="Asụsụ – ibo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Asụsụ" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="ibo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagsasao" title="Pagsasao – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pagsasao" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguage" title="Linguage – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Linguage" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingue" title="Lingue – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Lingue" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uqautchit" title="Uqautchit – injupiaki" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Uqautchit" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="injupiaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Æвзаг – osseedi" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Æвзаг" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osseedi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulwimi" title="Ulwimi – koosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Ulwimi" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="koosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izilimi" title="Izilimi – suulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Izilimi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="suulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungum%C3%A1l" title="Tungumál – islandi" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tungumál" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguaggio" title="Linguaggio – itaalia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Linguaggio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itaalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%94" title="שפה – heebrea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שפה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="heebrea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa" title="Basa – jaava" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Basa" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="jaava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oqaatsit" title="Oqaatsit – grööni" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Oqaatsit" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="grööni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%86" title="ಭಾಷೆ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಭಾಷೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amanu" title="Amanu – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Amanu" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Тил – karatšai-balkaari" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Тил" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karatšai-balkaari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ენა – gruusia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%8E%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زَبان – kašmiiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="زَبان" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kašmiiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%96%D0%BB_(%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Тіл (лингвистика) – kasahhi" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тіл (лингвистика)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasahhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeth" title="Yeth – korni" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Yeth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="korni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Тил – kirgiisi" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Тил" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lugha" title="Lugha – suahiili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Lugha" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahiili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Кыв – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Кыв" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nd%C3%AEnga" title="Ndînga – kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Ndînga" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lang_(paw%C3%B2l)" title="Lang (pawòl) – haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Lang (pawòl)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanng" title="Lanng – Guajaana kreoolkeel" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lanng" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guajaana kreoolkeel" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman" title="Ziman – kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Ziman" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingaz" title="Lingaz – ladiini" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Lingaz" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="ladiini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Маз – laki" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Маз" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="laki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2" title="ພາສາ – lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ພາສາ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua" title="Lingua – ladina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ladina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vol%C5%ABda" title="Volūda – latgali" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Volūda" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="latgali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valoda" title="Valoda – läti" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="läti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprooch" title="Sprooch – letseburgi" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Sprooch" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="letseburgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="ЧӀал – lesgi" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="ЧӀал" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lesgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalba" title="Kalba – leedu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="leedu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li" title="Li – niasi" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Li" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="niasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taol" title="Taol – limburgi" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Taol" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lok%C3%B3t%C3%A1" title="Lokótá – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Lokótá" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua" title="Lingua – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Lingua" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/bangu" title="bangu – ložban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="bangu" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="ložban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma" title="Idioma – lombardi" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Idioma" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyelv" title="Nyelv – ungari" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="भाषा – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="भाषा" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Јазик – makedoonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedoonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_(heviny_mivelatra)" title="Fiteny (heviny mivelatra) – malagassi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny (heviny mivelatra)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagassi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="ഭാഷ – malajalami" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഭാഷ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingwa" title="Lingwa – malta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Lingwa" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="malta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="भाषा – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="भाषा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ნინა – megreli" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ნინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="megreli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%87" title="لغه – Egiptuse araabia" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لغه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egiptuse araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86" title="زوون – mazandaraani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="زوون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandaraani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9C" title="ꯂꯣꯜ – manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯂꯣꯜ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahaso" title="Bahaso – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bahaso" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%E1%B9%B3%CC%84-ngi%C3%B2ng" title="Ngṳ̄-ngiòng – idamini" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ngṳ̄-ngiòng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="idamini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Кяль – mokša" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Кяль" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokša" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Хэл – mongoli" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="ဘာသာစကား – birma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဘာသာစကား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vosa" title="Vosa – fidži" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Vosa" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fidži" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taal" title="Taal – hollandi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Taal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taol" title="Taol – Hollandi alamsaksa" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Taol" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Hollandi alamsaksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="भाषा – nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8D" title="भाय् – nevari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="भाय्" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="nevari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E" title="言語 – jaapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="言語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="jaapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua" title="Lengua – napoli" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Lengua" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napoli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%9E%DF%8A%DF%B2" title="ߞߊ߲ – nkoo" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߞߊ߲" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="nkoo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Мотт – tšetšeeni" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Мотт" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tšetšeeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spr%C3%A4ke_(iinjt%C3%A5l)" title="Spräke (iinjtål) – põhjafriisi" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Spräke (iinjtål)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="põhjafriisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spr%C3%A5k" title="Språk – norra bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Språk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norra bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spr%C3%A5k" title="Språk – uusnorra" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Språk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="uusnorra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laungue" title="Laungue – Normandia" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Laungue" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Normandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingues" title="Lingues – noviaal" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Lingues" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="noviaal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengatge" title="Lengatge – oksitaani" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lengatge" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Йылме – niidumari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Йылме" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="niidumari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AD%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B7%E0%AC%BE" title="ଭାଷା – oria" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଭାଷା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="oria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Til" title="Til – usbeki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Til" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbeki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਭਾਸ਼ਾ – pandžabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਭਾਸ਼ਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="भाषा – paali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="भाषा" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="paali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sowal" title="Sowal – amise" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Sowal" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="amise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="بولی – lahnda" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بولی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="lahnda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F%E1%80%84%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%84%E1%80%BD%E1%80%AB" title="ဘာႏသာႏငဝ်းငွါ – paoo" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဘာႏသာႏငဝ်းငွါ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="paoo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma" title="Idioma – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Idioma" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87" title="ژبه – puštu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ژبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="puštu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languij" title="Languij – Jamaica kreoolkeel" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Languij" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaica kreoolkeel" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Кыв – permikomi" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Кыв" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="permikomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6" title="ភាសា – khmeeri" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ភាសា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmeeri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langache" title="Langache – pikardi" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Langache" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="pikardi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langagi" title="Langagi – piemonte" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Langagi" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemonte" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pwn mw-list-item"><a href="https://pwn.wikipedia.org/wiki/kai" title="kai – paivani" lang="pwn" hreflang="pwn" data-title="kai" data-language-autonym="Pinayuanan" data-language-local-name="paivani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pinayuanan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spraak" title="Spraak – alamsaksa" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Spraak" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="alamsaksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_(mowa)" title="Język (mowa) – poola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język (mowa)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguagem" title="Linguagem – portugali" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Linguagem" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Til" title="Til – krimmitatari" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Til" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="krimmitatari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprooch" title="Sprooch – kölni" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Sprooch" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="kölni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limb%C4%83_(comunicare)" title="Limbă (comunicare) – rumeenia" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limbă (comunicare)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chib" title="Chib – Valahhia mustlaskeel" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Chib" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Valahhia mustlaskeel" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua" title="Lingua – romanši" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Lingua" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="romanši" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rimay" title="Rimay – ketšua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Rimay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="ketšua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Язык – russiini" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Язык" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="russiini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Язык – vene" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="vene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8B%D0%BB_(%D1%81%D0%B0%D2%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%80)" title="Тыл (саҥарар) – jakuudi" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Тыл (саҥарар)" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakuudi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/kamu" title="kamu – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="kamu" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="भाषा – sanskriti" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="भाषा" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskriti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C3%A2ng%C3%A2k%C3%B6d%C3%B6r%C3%B6" title="Yângâködörö – sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Yângâködörö" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زبان – seraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="زبان" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="seraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limbas" title="Limbas – sardi" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Limbas" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leid" title="Leid – šoti" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Leid" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="šoti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kari" title="Kari – taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Kari" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sproake" title="Sproake – saterfriisi" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Sproake" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterfriisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipuo" title="Dipuo – lõunasotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Dipuo" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="lõunasotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_(komunikim)" title="Gjuha (komunikim) – albaania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha (komunikim)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_(parr%C3%A0ta)" title="Lingua (parràta) – sitsiilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Lingua (parràta)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sitsiilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="භාෂාව – singali" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="භාෂාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language" title="Language – lihtsustatud inglise" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Language" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="lihtsustatud inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" title="ٻولي – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ٻولي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazyk_(jazykoveda)" title="Jazyk (jazykoveda) – slovaki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Jazyk (jazykoveda)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jezik_(sredstvo_sporazumevanja)" title="Jezik (sredstvo sporazumevanja) – sloveeni" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Jezik (sredstvo sporazumevanja)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D1%A8%EA%99%81%EA%99%91%D0%BA%D1%8A" title="Ѩꙁꙑкъ – kirikuslaavi" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Ѩꙁꙑкъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="kirikuslaavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godka" title="Godka – sileesia" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Godka" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="sileesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luuqad_(Af)" title="Luuqad (Af) – somaali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Luuqad (Af)" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زمان – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زمان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongo" title="Tongo – sranani" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Tongo" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="sranani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Језик – serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Језик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jezik" title="Jezik – serbia-horvaadi" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbia-horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa" title="Basa – sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Basa" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kieli" title="Kieli – soome" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="soome" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spr%C3%A5k" title="Språk – rootsi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Språk" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="rootsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutlayt" title="Tutlayt – šilha" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tutlayt" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="šilha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wika" title="Wika – tagalogi" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wika" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalogi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF" title="மொழி – tamili" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மொழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutlayt" title="Tutlayt – kabiili" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tutlayt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabiili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Тел – tatari" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Тел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B7" title="భాష – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="భాష" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2" title="ภาษา – tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C3%B4n_ng%E1%BB%AF" title="Ngôn ngữ – vietnami" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ngôn ngữ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Забон – tadžiki" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Забон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokples" title="Tokples – uusmelaneesia" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Tokples" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="uusmelaneesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%AC%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%AF%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%97" title="ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ – tšerokii" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="tšerokii" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%86" title="ಬಾಸೆ – tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಬಾಸೆ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dil" title="Dil – türgi" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Dil" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="türgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dil" title="Dil – türkmeeni" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Dil" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="türkmeeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasa" title="Kasa – tvii" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Kasa" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="tvii" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1lyem_(nwap)" title="A̱lyem (nwap) – tjapi" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱lyem (nwap)" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tjapi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Мова – ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زبان – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="زبان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%84" title="تىل – uiguuri" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="تىل" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uiguuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vah" title="Vah – tšuangi" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Vah" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="tšuangi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguajo" title="Lenguajo – veneti" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Lenguajo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="veneti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kel%27" title="Kel' – vepsa" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kel'" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepsa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%BCk" title="Pük – volapüki" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Pük" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapüki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiil_(keeletiid%C3%BCs)" title="Kiil (keeletiidüs) – võru" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Kiil (keeletiidüs)" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingaedje" title="Lingaedje – vallooni" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Lingaedje" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallooni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="語言 – klassikaline hiina" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="語言" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="klassikaline hiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yinaknan" title="Yinaknan – varai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Yinaknan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A0llaama" title="Kàllaama – volofi" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Kàllaama" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="volofi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="語言 – uu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="語言" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="uu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ririmi" title="Ririmi – tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Ririmi" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9A" title="שפראך – jidiši" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="שפראך" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiši" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88d%C3%A8" title="Èdè – joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Èdè" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="語言 – kantoni" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="語言" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C4%B1wan_(l%C4%B1san)" title="Zıwan (lısan) – dõmli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Zıwan (lısan)" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="dõmli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taele" title="Taele – zeelandi" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Taele" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="zeelandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalba" title="Kalba – žemaidi" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Kalba" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="žemaidi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="hea artikkel"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="語言 – hiina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="語言" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="hiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hata" title="Hata – bataki" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Hata" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="bataki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa" title="Basa – betavi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Basa" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saro" title="Saro – Mandailingi bataki" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Saro" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Mandailingi bataki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaku" title="Jaku – ibani" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Jaku" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="ibani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa" title="Basa – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Basa" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-knc mw-list-item"><a href="https://knc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language" title="Language – Central Kanuri" lang="knc" hreflang="knc" data-title="Language" data-language-autonym="Yerwa Kanuri" data-language-local-name="Central Kanuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yerwa Kanuri</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zyvon" title="Zyvon – talõši" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Zyvon" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talõši" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%9C" title="ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵜ – tamasikti (Maroko)" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="tamasikti (Maroko)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q315#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Muuda keelelinke" class="wbc-editpage">Muuda linke</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nimeruumid"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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leheküljele</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eri:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fet.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKeel"><span>Hangi lühendatud URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eri:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fet.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKeel"><span>Laadi alla QR-kood</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Teistes projektides </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Language" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikiquote.org/wiki/Keel" hreflang="et"><span>Vikitsitaadid</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q315" title="Link andmehoidla seonduva üksuse juurde [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Andmeüksus</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Lehekülje tööriistad"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Ilme"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ilme</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">vii külgpaanile</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">peida</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Allikas: Vikipeedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="et" dir="ltr"><table> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></span></span> </td> <td> <i>See artikkel räägib inimeste peamisest suhtlusvahendist; teiste tähenduste kohta vaata lehekülge <a href="/wiki/Keel_(t%C3%A4psustus)" class="mw-disambig" title="Keel (täpsustus)">Keel (täpsustus)</a>.</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <hr /> <p><b>Keel</b> on <a href="/wiki/Inimene" title="Inimene">inimeste</a> kasutatav <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4rgis%C3%BCsteem" title="Märgisüsteem">märgisüsteem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kommunikatsioon" title="Kommunikatsioon">kommunikatsiooni</a> või <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B5tlemine" title="Mõtlemine">mõtlemise</a> vahend, milles kasutatakse <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCmbol_(Peirce)" title="Sümbol (Peirce)">sümboleid</a> ja teisi <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4rk" title="Märk">märke</a> ning nende kombineerimise <a href="/wiki/Reegel" title="Reegel">reegleid</a>. Sümboleid – <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDest" title="Žest">žeste</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A4%C3%A4litsus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Häälitsus (pole veel kirjutatud)">häälitsusi</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B5na" title="Sõna">sõnu</a> – kasutatakse keeles <a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%B5te&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mõte (pole veel kirjutatud)">mõtete</a> ja <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A4hendus" title="Tähendus">tähenduste</a> edasiandmiseks. </p><p>Keeli kui märgisüsteeme on kasutusel palju. Nad erinevad märkide (eelkõige <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B5navara" title="Sõnavara">sõnavara</a>) ja reeglite (eelkõige <a href="/wiki/Grammatika" title="Grammatika">grammatika</a>) valiku poolest. Keeled jagunevad <a href="/wiki/Loomulik_keel" title="Loomulik keel">loomulikeks</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Tehiskeel" title="Tehiskeel">tehiskeelteks</a>. </p><p><b>Keeleks</b> võidakse nimetada ka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kognitiivne_v%C3%B5ime&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kognitiivne võime (pole veel kirjutatud)">kognitiivset võimet</a> <a href="/wiki/Keele_omandamine" title="Keele omandamine">keelt õppida (omandada)</a> ja kasutada, keeles kehtivaid reegleid,või nende reeglite väljendusvõimaluste hulka <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B5ne" title="Kõne">kõnes</a>. </p><p>Kõik keeled tuginevad <a href="/wiki/Keelem%C3%A4rk" title="Keelemärk">keelemärkide</a> ja tähenduste ühendamisel <a href="/wiki/Semioos" title="Semioos">semioosile</a> ehk märgiprotsessile ja samuti sotsiaalsetele <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kokkulepe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kokkulepe (pole veel kirjutatud)">kokkulepetele</a> ja õppimisele. </p><p>Keelte esmane väljendusvorm on <a href="/wiki/Suuline_k%C3%B5ne" class="mw-redirect" title="Suuline kõne">suuline kõne</a> (või <a href="/wiki/Viipekeel" title="Viipekeel">viipekeelte</a> puhul <a href="/w/index.php?title=Viiplemine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Viiplemine (pole veel kirjutatud)">viiplemine</a>), kuid iga keelt saab <a href="/wiki/Kodeerimine" title="Kodeerimine">kodeerida</a> teisesesse väljendusvormi: auditoorsesse (näiteks <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vilekood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vilekood (pole veel kirjutatud)">vilekood</a>), visuaalsesse (näiteks visuaalne <a href="/wiki/Kiri_(keeleteadus)" title="Kiri (keeleteadus)">kiri</a>) või taktiilsesse (näiteks <a href="/wiki/Braille_kiri" title="Braille kiri">Braille kiri</a>). See on võimalik sellepärast, et keel on nendest väljendusvormidest sõltumatu. </p><p>Keele omaduste seas on <a href="/w/index.php?title=Produktiivsus_(keeleteadus)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Produktiivsus (keeleteadus) (pole veel kirjutatud)">produktiivsus</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rekursiivsus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rekursiivsus (pole veel kirjutatud)">rekursiivsus</a> ja võimalus käsitleda asju, mida ei ole olemas või mis ei ole parasjagu keelekasutaja jaoks füüsiliselt kohal. </p><p>Keelteks nimetatakse analoogia põhjal ka <a href="/wiki/Loom" title="Loom">loomade</a> märgisüsteeme, mida uurib <a href="/wiki/Zoosemiootika" title="Zoosemiootika">zoosemiootika</a>, ning <a href="/wiki/Matemaatika" title="Matemaatika">matemaatikas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loogika" title="Loogika">loogikas</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Informaatika" title="Informaatika">informaatikas</a> tuntud <a href="/w/index.php?title=Formaalne_keel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Formaalne keel (pole veel kirjutatud)">formaalseid keeli</a>, sealhulgas <a href="/wiki/Programmeerimiskeel" title="Programmeerimiskeel">programmeerimiskeeli</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Keele_uurimine">Keele uurimine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keel&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Keele uurimine"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keel&action=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Keele uurimine" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Inimkeelt üldiselt ja eri keeli uurib <a href="/wiki/Keeleteadus" title="Keeleteadus">keeleteadus</a> ehk lingvistika. Tuntumate keeleteadlaste seas on olnud <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_de_Saussure" title="Ferdinand de Saussure">Ferdinand de Saussure</a>, <a href="/wiki/Noam_Chomsky" title="Noam Chomsky">Noam Chomsky</a> ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Stokoe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Stokoe (pole veel kirjutatud)">William Stokoe</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Keelefilosoofia" title="Keelefilosoofia">Keelefilosoofiasse</a> kuuluvad küsimused, nagu näiteks küsimus, kas sõnad saavad esindada <a href="/wiki/Kogemus" title="Kogemus">kogemusi</a>, on huvitanud juba <a href="/wiki/Gorgias" title="Gorgias">Gorgiast</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platonit</a> <a href="/wiki/Vana-Kreeka" title="Vana-Kreeka">Vana-Kreekas</a>. Mõned mõtlejad, näiteks <a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau">Jean-Jacques Rousseau</a>, on arvanud, et keel lähtub emotsioonidest, samas kui teised, näiteks <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Kant</a>, et ratsionaalsest ja loogilisest mõtlemisest. 20. sajandi filosoofid, näiteks <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Wittgenstein" title="Ludwig Wittgenstein">Wittgenstein</a>, on pidanud filosoofiat tegelikult teaduseks keelest. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Keele_teke">Keele teke</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keel&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Keele teke"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keel&action=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Keele teke" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="disambig"><i>Vaata ka: <a href="/wiki/Keele_teke" title="Keele teke">Keele teke</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Ei ole täpselt teada, millal inimene <a href="/wiki/F%C3%BClogenees" title="Fülogenees">fülogeneesi</a> käigus keelt kasutama hakkas; arvamused varieeruvad paarist miljonist neljakümne tuhande aastani tagasi. Üldiselt arvatakse, et kui inimene umbes 100 000 aastat tagasi Aafrikast üle maailma laiali levima hakkas, kõneles ta juba täiesti arenenud sõnavara ja <a href="/wiki/Grammatika" title="Grammatika">grammatikaga</a> keelt. Keele arengu käigus sai areneda ka inimese teadvus ja <a href="/wiki/Maailmapilt" title="Maailmapilt">maailmapilt</a>. Loomast kujunes inimene. Arenes tema kultuur, usund (religioon), teadus. </p><p>Koos keele arenguga arenes inimese võime teadvusteooria kujundamiseks. See on arusaam, et endal ja teistel on teadvusseisundid (uskumused, kavatsused, soovid, teadmised) ja et enda ja teiste teadvusseisundid on lahusseisvad ja erinevad. </p><p>Inimesed omandavad keele varases lapsepõlves sotsiaalse läbikäimise abil ning tavaliselt valdavad nad keelt umbes kolme aasta vanusena. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Keele_muutumine">Keele muutumine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keel&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Keele muutumine"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keel&action=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Keele muutumine" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6739384">.mw-parser-output th.mbox-text,.mw-parser-output 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decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>Artiklis ei ole piisavalt <a href="/wiki/Vikipeedia:Viitamine" title="Vikipeedia:Viitamine">viiteid</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"> <br /><small>Palun aita väiteid kontrollida ja <a class="external text" href="https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Keel&action=edit">viiteid lisada</a></small>. <small>(<a href="/wiki/Juhend:Toimetusm%C3%A4rkuste_eemaldamine" title="Juhend:Toimetusmärkuste eemaldamine">Kuidas ja millal see märkus eemaldada?</a>)</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Inimtegevus kogu ulatuses ja sügavuses on võimalik ainult tänu keele olemasolule ning sellele, et keel on oma olemuses erakordselt paindlik ja arenemisvõimeline. Keel on sündinud inimese suhtlusvajadusest ning on selles mõttes olnud asendamatu nii primitiivses kui ka arenenud ühiskonnas. </p><p>Keel peab suutma kaasas käia ühiskonna arenguga, olles nii suhtlus- ja tunnetusvahend kui ka ühiskonna mälu hoidja. Keele arenemine ja uuenemine on midagi niisugust, mida iga inimene peaks käsitama loomuliku nähtusena. Paraku esineb üsna sageli selliseid mõtteavaldusi, mis näitavad, et keele arenemist vahel võõrastatakse. Üks keelekorraldajate ülesandeid ongi selgitada muutumise loomulikkust. </p><p>Iga keelend on kord uus: üks on seda olnud saja aasta eest, teine 50 aastat tagasi, kolmas alustab oma teed alles praegu. Muutub tegelikkus, muutuvad keelelised vajadused ja peab muutuma keel. Selle arenemisel on keelevälised ja -sisesed tingimused ja põhjused. </p><p>Keeleväliseid põhjusi on eelkõige kaks: </p> <ul><li>Väljendusvajadus. Muutuv ühiskond nõuab väljendusmuutusi ja -uuendusi. Poliitilised, majanduslikud ja kultuurilised muutused ning teaduse ja tehnika arend esitavad keelele uusi nõudeid.</li> <li>Teiste keelte mõju. Sellest muutumispõhjusest tavatsetakse kõige rohkem rääkida. Muutumise keelesisesed põhjused ei ole harilikult nii silmatorkavad.</li></ul> <p>Grammatikauuendusi soodustavad järgmised keelesisesed tingimused: </p> <ul><li>Keelelise lähtematerjali olemasolu.</li> <li>Struktuurisse sobivus.</li> <li>Kasutuspotentsiaal.</li> <li>Tendentsisobivus.</li></ul> <p>Keele arenedes muutub keeleline maitse. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Keelte_mitmekesisus">Keelte mitmekesisus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keel&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Muuda alaosa "Keelte mitmekesisus"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keel&action=edit&section=4" title="Muuda alaosa "Keelte mitmekesisus" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Inimkeeled jagunevad <a href="/wiki/Keelesugulus" title="Keelesugulus">keelesuguluse</a> järgi <a href="/wiki/Keelkond" title="Keelkond">keelkondadeks</a>. Teadlased pole üksmeelel, kas tänapäeval kõneldavad keeled on kõik arenenud ühisest <a href="/wiki/Algkeel" title="Algkeel">algkeelest</a> ning lahknenud "<a href="/wiki/Keelepuu" title="Keelepuu">keelepuu</a>" eri harudeks või on keel tekkinud eri aegadel ja eri kohtades ning keelkonnad on kujunenud hoopis lähedastel aladel kõneldud keelte sarnastumise käigus. Esimene ehk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Divergents_(keeleteadus)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Divergents (keeleteadus) (pole veel kirjutatud)">divergentsi</a> teooria on levinum, teist ehk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konvergents_(keeleteadus)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konvergents (keeleteadus) (pole veel kirjutatud)">konvergentsi</a> teooriat pooldab keeleteadlaste vähemik. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keelepiir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keelepiir (pole veel kirjutatud)">Keelepiirid</a> võivad tänapäevalgi olla hägused. Võib esineda <a href="/wiki/Murre" title="Murre">murrete</a> ehk dialektide kontiinum (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Murdekontiinum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murdekontiinum (pole veel kirjutatud)">murdekontiinum</a>), kus geograafiliselt lähedastel aladel kõneldavad murded on üksteisega väga sarnased ja vastastikune arusaadavus väheneb sujuvalt vahemaa suurenedes. Ühemõtteline eristus keele ja murde vahel puudub, lisaks keeleteaduslikele kaalutlustele arvestatakse keelte ja murrete eristuses ka geograafilisi ja poliitilisi. Osalt seetõttu, et keele ja murde eristamine on tihti problemaatiline, on keeruline määrata keelte täpset arvu. Hinnangud maailma keelte arvu kohta jäävad enamasti 5000 ja 7000 vahele. </p><p>Lisaks geograafiliselt eristatud murretele võivad keele sees eksisteerida eri <a href="/wiki/Sotsiaalne_grupp" class="mw-redirect" title="Sotsiaalne grupp">sotsiaalsete gruppide</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sotsiaalne_klass" title="Sotsiaalne klass">klasside</a> või <a href="/wiki/Subkultuur" title="Subkultuur">subkultuuride</a> kõneldavad allkeeled ehk sotsiolektid (ka <a href="/wiki/Sl%C3%A4ng" title="Släng">släng</a>, argoo, žargoon). <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Cksikisik" class="mw-redirect" title="Üksikisik">Üksikisiku</a> keelekasutust nimetatakse <a href="/wiki/Idiolekt" title="Idiolekt">idiolektiks</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vaata_ka">Vaata ka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keel&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Muuda alaosa "Vaata ka"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keel&action=edit&section=5" title="Muuda alaosa "Vaata ka" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Keelkondade_loend" title="Keelkondade loend">keelkondade loend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B5ne_(keeleteadus)" title="Kõne (keeleteadus)">kõne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maailma_keelte_loend" class="mw-redirect" title="Maailma keelte loend">maailma keelte loend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riigikeel" title="Riigikeel">riigikeel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehiskeelte_loend" title="Tehiskeelte loend">tehiskeelte loend</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Välislingid"><span id="V.C3.A4lislingid"></span>Välislingid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keel&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Muuda alaosa "Välislingid"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keel&action=edit&section=6" title="Muuda alaosa "Välislingid" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://novaator.err.ee/1608533755/uuring-inimkeel-algas-muhatuste-asemel-zestidest">Uuring: inimkeel algas mühatuste asemel žestidest</a>. <a href="/wiki/ERR_Novaator" title="ERR Novaator">ERR Novaator</a>, 16. märts 2022</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6724296">.mw-parser-output table.side-box{margin:4px 0;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output th.side-box-text,.mw-parser-output td.side-box-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output td.side-box-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 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<td class="side-box-text">Pildid, videod ja helifailid Commonsis: <b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Language?uselang=et">Keel</a></b></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Pärit leheküljelt "<a dir="ltr" href="https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Keel&oldid=6568003">https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Keel&oldid=6568003</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Eri:Kategooriad" title="Eri:Kategooriad">Kategooriad</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategooria:Keeleteadus" title="Kategooria:Keeleteadus">Keeleteadus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategooria:Kommunikatsioon" 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