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mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko" class=""><span>기부</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다" class=""><span>계정 만들기</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>로그인</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="더 많은 옵션" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="개인 도구" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">개인 도구</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="사용자 메뉴" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko"><span>기부</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>계정 만들기</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>로그인</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 로그아웃한 편집자를 위한 문서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C" aria-label="편집에 관해 더 알아보기"><span>더 알아보기</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC" title="이 IP 주소의 편집 목록 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>기여</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0" title="현재 사용하는 IP 주소에 대한 토론 문서 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="목차" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">목차</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">처음 위치</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-역사" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#역사"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>역사</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-역사-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-정의" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#정의"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>정의</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-정의-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-종류" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#종류"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>종류</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-종류-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-세계_현황" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#세계_현황"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>세계 현황</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-세계_현황-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>세계 현황 하위섹션 토글하기</span> </button> <ul id="toc-세계_현황-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-미국의_특허" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#미국의_특허"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>미국의 특허</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-미국의_특허-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-비판" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#비판"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>비판</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-비판-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-행정법의_특허" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#행정법의_특허"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>행정법의 특허</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-행정법의_특허-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>행정법의 특허 하위섹션 토글하기</span> </button> <ul id="toc-행정법의_특허-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-판례" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#판례"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>판례</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-판례-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-존속기간" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#존속기간"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>존속기간</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-존속기간-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-같이_보기" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#같이_보기"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>같이 보기</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-같이_보기-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-각주" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#각주"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>각주</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-각주-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-외부_링크" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#외부_링크"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>외부 링크</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-외부_링크-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>외부 링크 하위섹션 토글하기</span> </button> <ul id="toc-외부_링크-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-특허를_확인할_수_있는_매체" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#특허를_확인할_수_있는_매체"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>특허를 확인할 수 있는 매체</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-특허를_확인할_수_있는_매체-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">특허</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="다른 언어로 문서를 방문합니다. 82개 언어로 읽을 수 있습니다" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-82" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">82개 언어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="알찬 글"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" title="Patent – 아프리칸스어" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Patent" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="아프리칸스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweotolgewrit" title="Sweotolgewrit – 고대 영어" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Sweotolgewrit" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="고대 영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B9" title="براءة اختراع – 아랍어" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="براءة اختراع" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patente" title="Patente – 아스투리아어" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Patente" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="아스투리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" title="Patent – 아제르바이잔어" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Patent" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="아제르바이잔어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" title="Patent – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Patent" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Патэнт – 벨라루스어" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Патэнт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="벨라루스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Патэнт – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Патэнт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Патент – 불가리아어" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Патент" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="불가리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC" title="কৃতিস্বত্ব – 벵골어" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কৃতিস্বত্ব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="벵골어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" title="Patent – 보스니아어" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Patent" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="보스니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" title="Patent – 카탈로니아어" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Patent" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="카탈로니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%AA%E1%8E%B7%E1%8F%A9%E1%8F%9B%E1%8E%B2_%E1%8E%A2%E1%8E%AC%E1%8F%81%E1%8F%97" title="ᎪᎷᏩᏛᎲ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ – 체로키어" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎪᎷᏩᏛᎲ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="체로키어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" title="Patent – 체코어" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Patent" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="체코어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breinlen" title="Breinlen – 웨일스어" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Breinlen" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="웨일스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" title="Patent – 덴마크어" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Patent" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="덴마크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" title="Patent – 독일어" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Patent" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="독일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ευρεσιτεχνία – 그리스어" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ευρεσιτεχνία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="그리스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" title="Patent – 영어" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Patent" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patento" title="Patento – 에스페란토어" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Patento" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="에스페란토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patente" title="Patente – 스페인어" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Patente" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="스페인어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" title="Patent – 에스토니아어" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Patent" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="에스토니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patente" title="Patente – 바스크어" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Patente" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="바스크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AB%D8%A8%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B9" title="ثبت اختراع – 페르시아어" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ثبت اختراع" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="페르시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patentti" title="Patentti – 핀란드어" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Patentti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="핀란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brevet_d%27invention" title="Brevet d'invention – 프랑스어" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Brevet d'invention" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="프랑스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktroai" title="Oktroai – 서부 프리지아어" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Oktroai" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="서부 프리지아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paitinn" title="Paitinn – 아일랜드어" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Paitinn" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="아일랜드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patente" title="Patente – 갈리시아어" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Patente" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="갈리시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F" title="પેટન્ટ – 구자라트어" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="પેટન્ટ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="구자라트어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%98" title="פטנט – 히브리어" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פטנט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="히브리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F" title="पेटेण्ट – 힌디어" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पेटेण्ट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="힌디어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" title="Patent – 크로아티아어" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Patent" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brev%C3%A8_envansyon" title="Brevè envansyon – 아이티어" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Brevè envansyon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="아이티어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szabadalom" title="Szabadalom – 헝가리어" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szabadalom" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="헝가리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paten" title="Paten – 인도네시아어" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Paten" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="인도네시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patento" title="Patento – 이도어" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Patento" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="이도어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einkaleyfi" title="Einkaleyfi – 아이슬란드어" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Einkaleyfi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="아이슬란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brevetto" title="Brevetto – 이탈리아어" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Brevetto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="이탈리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E8%A8%B1" title="特許 – 일본어" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="特許" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="일본어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="პატენტი – 조지아어" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პატენტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="조지아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Патент – 카자흐어" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Патент" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="카자흐어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A3" title="ಸ್ವಾಮ್ಯಪ್ರಮಾಣ – 칸나다어" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸ್ವಾಮ್ಯಪ್ರಮಾಣ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="칸나다어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diploma_inventionis" title="Diploma inventionis – 라틴어" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Diploma inventionis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="라틴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktroeaj" title="Oktroeaj – 림버거어" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Oktroeaj" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="림버거어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patentas" title="Patentas – 리투아니아어" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Patentas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="리투아니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patents" title="Patents – 라트비아어" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Patents" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="라트비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%82" title="നിർമ്മാണാവകാശം – 말라얄람어" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നിർമ്മാണാവകാശം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="말라얄람어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Патент – 몽골어" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Патент" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="몽골어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="एकस्व – 마라티어" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="एकस्व" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="마라티어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paten" title="Paten – 말레이어" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Paten" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="말레이어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F" title="पेटेन्ट – 네팔어" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पेटेन्ट" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="네팔어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octrooi" title="Octrooi – 네덜란드어" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Octrooi" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="네덜란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" title="Patent – 노르웨이어(니노르스크)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Patent" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(니노르스크)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" title="Patent – 노르웨이어(보크말)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Patent" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(보크말)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brevet" title="Brevet – 오크어" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Brevet" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="오크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%9F" title="ਪੇਟੈਂਟ – 펀잡어" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪੇਟੈਂਟ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="펀잡어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" title="Patent – 폴란드어" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Patent" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="폴란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patente" title="Patente – 포르투갈어" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Patente" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="포르투갈어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brevet_de_inven%C8%9Bie" title="Brevet de invenție – 루마니아어" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Brevet de invenție" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="루마니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Патент – 러시아어" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Патент" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="러시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" title="Patent – 세르비아-크로아티아어" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Patent" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="세르비아-크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" title="Patent – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Patent" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent_(pr%C3%A1vo_vyn%C3%A1lezcu)" title="Patent (právo vynálezcu) – 슬로바키아어" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Patent (právo vynálezcu)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="슬로바키아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" title="Patent – 슬로베니아어" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Patent" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="슬로베니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patenta" title="Patenta – 알바니아어" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Patenta" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="알바니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Патент – 세르비아어" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Патент" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="세르비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" title="Patent – 스웨덴어" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Patent" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="스웨덴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hataza" title="Hataza – 스와힐리어" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Hataza" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="스와힐리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="காப்புரிமம் – 타밀어" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="காப்புரிமம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="타밀어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D" title="పేటెంట్ – 텔루구어" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పేటెంట్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="텔루구어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3" title="สิทธิบัตร – 태국어" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สิทธิบัตร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="태국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patente" title="Patente – 타갈로그어" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Patente" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="타갈로그어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" title="Patent – 터키어" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Patent" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="터키어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Патент – 타타르어" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Патент" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="타타르어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Патент – 우크라이나어" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Патент" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="우크라이나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%AA" title="براءت – 우르두어" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="براءت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="우르두어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" title="Patent – 우즈베크어" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Patent" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="우즈베크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BA%B1ng_s%C3%A1ng_ch%E1%BA%BF" title="Bằng sáng chế – 베트남어" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bằng sáng chế" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="베트남어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%93%E5%88%A9" title="专利 – 우어" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="专利" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="우어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%93%E5%88%A9" title="专利 – 중국어" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="专利" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="중국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%88%E5%88%A9" title="專利 – 광둥어" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="專利" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="광둥어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q253623#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="언어 간 링크 편집" class="wbc-editpage">링크 편집</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="이름공간"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected 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class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scale_of_justice_2.svg/100px-Scale_of_justice_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scale_of_justice_2.svg/150px-Scale_of_justice_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scale_of_justice_2.svg/200px-Scale_of_justice_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="204" data-file-height="208" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eeeeff;"> 기본 권리</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%80%EC%9E%91%EA%B6%8C" title="저작권">저작권</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">특허</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%83%81%ED%91%9C" title="상표">상표</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%9E%90%EC%9D%B8%EA%B6%8C" title="디자인권">디자인권</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A4%EC%9A%A9%EC%8B%A0%EC%95%88" 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href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A7%80%EC%8B%9D_%EC%9E%AC%EC%82%B0%EA%B6%8C%EC%9D%98_%EB%B9%84%ED%8F%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="지식 재산권의 비평 (없는 문서)">지식 재산권의 비평</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%80%EC%8B%9D_%EC%9E%AC%EC%82%B0%EA%B6%8C_%EA%B4%80%EB%A0%A8_%EC%A3%BC%EC%A0%9C_%EB%AA%A9%EB%A1%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="지식 재산권 관련 주제 목록">지식 재산권 관련 주제 목록</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EC%A0%95_%EC%9D%B4%EC%9A%A9" title="공정 이용">공정 이용</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34311309">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ 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href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%EC%A7%80%EC%8B%9D%EC%9E%AC%EC%82%B0%EA%B6%8C" title="특수:문서편집/틀:지식재산권"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable floatright" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%;"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Scale_of_justice_2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scale_of_justice_2.svg/100px-Scale_of_justice_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scale_of_justice_2.svg/150px-Scale_of_justice_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scale_of_justice_2.svg/200px-Scale_of_justice_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="204" data-file-height="208" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#66ccff; padding: 3px 5px 3px 5px;"><b><a href="/wiki/%ED%96%89%EC%A0%95%ED%96%89%EC%9C%84" title="행정행위">행정행위</a></b> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#66ccff;">행정행위의 분류 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#66ccff; padding: 3px 5px 3px 5px;">법률행위적 행정행위 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%AA%85" title="하명">하명</a>  · <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%88%EA%B0%80" title="허가">허가</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%EB%A9%B4%EC%A0%9C" title="면제">면제</a>  · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">특허</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EB%A6%AC" title="대리">대리</a>  · <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%EA%B0%80" title="인가">인가</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#66ccff; padding: 3px 5px 3px 5px;">준법률행위적 행정행위 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%ED%99%95%EC%9D%B8%ED%96%89%EC%9C%84" title="확인행위">확인행위</a>  · <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B3%B5%EC%A6%9D%ED%96%89%EC%9C%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="공증행위 (없는 문서)">공증행위</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%ED%86%B5%EC%A7%80%ED%96%89%EC%9C%84" class="mw-redirect" title="통지행위">통지행위</a>  · <a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%EB%A6%AC%ED%96%89%EC%9C%84" class="mw-redirect" title="수리행위">수리행위</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#66ccff;">성립요건 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%EC%A3%BC%EC%B2%B4" class="mw-disambig" title="주체">주체</a>  · <a href="/wiki/%EB%82%B4%EC%9A%A9" class="mw-disambig" title="내용">내용</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%88%EC%B0%A8" title="절차">절차</a>  · <a href="/wiki/%ED%98%95%EC%8B%9D" title="형식">형식</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#66ccff;"><a href="/wiki/%ED%96%89%EC%A0%95%ED%96%89%EC%9C%84%EC%9D%98_%EB%B6%80%EA%B4%80" title="행정행위의 부관">행정행위의 부관</a>의 종류 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EA%B1%B4" title="조건">조건</a>  · <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%9C" title="기한">기한</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%80%EB%8B%B4" class="mw-disambig" title="부담">부담</a>  · <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%B7%A8%EC%86%8C%EA%B6%8C_%EC%9C%A0%EB%B3%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="취소권 유보 (없는 문서)">취소권 유보</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%95%EB%A5%A0%ED%9A%A8%EA%B3%BC%EC%9D%98_%EC%9D%BC%EB%B6%80%EB%B0%B0%EC%A0%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="법률효과의 일부배제 (없는 문서)">법률효과의 일부배제</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34311307">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox" style="width: fit-content;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ccf;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">특허</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88%EB%B2%95" title="특허법">특허법</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%ED%86%A0%ED%83%80%EC%9E%85" title="프로토타입">프로토타입</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88_%EA%B8%B0%EC%86%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="특허 기소 (없는 문서)">특허 기소</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88_%EC%B6%9C%EC%9B%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="특허 출원 (없는 문서)">특허 출원</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88%EC%84%B1" title="특허성">특허성</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88_%EC%B9%A8%ED%95%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="특허 침해 (없는 문서)">특허 침해</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EC%84%A0%EC%8A%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="라이선스">라이선스</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1988%EB%85%84%EC%9D%98_%EC%A0%80%EC%9E%91%EA%B6%8C,_%EB%94%94%EC%9E%90%EC%9D%B8,_%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88%EB%B2%95" title="1988년의 저작권, 디자인, 특허법">유럽 특허법</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B8_%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88%EB%B2%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="일본 특허법 (없는 문서)">일본 특허법</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4-%EB%8F%8C_%EB%B2%95%EC%95%88" title="바이-돌 법안">미국 특허법</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88%EB%B2%95_%EA%B0%9C%EB%85%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="특허법 개념 (없는 문서)">특허법 개념</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88%EB%B2%95" title="분류:특허법">분류:특허법</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r34311309"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88%EB%B2%95" title="틀:특허법"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88%EB%B2%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="틀토론:특허법 (없는 문서)"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88%EB%B2%95" title="특수:문서편집/틀:특허법"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>특허</b>(特許, <span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%96%B4" title="영어">영어</a>: </span><span lang="en">patent</span>)는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%9C%EB%AA%85" title="발명">발명</a>을 한 자 또는 그의 정당한 승계인에게 그 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%9C%EB%AA%85" title="발명">발명</a>을 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%A4%91" title="대중">대중</a>에게 공개한 대가로 일정 기간 동안 배타적인 권리를 주는 <a href="/wiki/%ED%96%89%EC%A0%95%ED%96%89%EC%9C%84" title="행정행위">행정행위</a>를 말한다. 특허를 주는 절차 및 특허권자가 되기 위한 주체적 요건, 특허권에 대한 배타적 효력의 범위는 나라마다 각각 법률에 규정한 바가 다르다. 그러나 특허 출원 신청은 일반적으로 한 개 이상의 발명으로 이루어진 청구항들로 이루어져 있어야 하며, 각각의 발명은 신규성과 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%84%EB%B3%B4%EC%84%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="진보성">진보성</a>, 그리고 산업상 이용가능성을 갖추어야 한다. 대부분의 나라에서는 특허권자에게 그 특허발명에 대해서 생산, 사용, 양도, 대여, 수입, 양도 또는 대여의 청약을 할 배타적 권한을 부여한다. 특허 제도의 목적은 타인의 부당한 특허권 침해에 대해 민·형사적 제재를 인정함으로써 공정한 기술경쟁을 유도하며, 독점배타권인 특허권을 부여함으로써 발명의 보호·육성에 따른 기술진보를 촉진시켜 결국 산업발전에 이르도록 하고자 함이다. (출원 공개 제도는 발명을 비밀상태에서 해제하여 누구라도 활용할 수 있도록 함으로써 문헌정보를 통한 기술발전에 이바지한다.) </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="역사"><span id=".EC.97.AD.EC.82.AC"></span>역사</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88&action=edit&section=1" title="부분 편집: 역사"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34311305">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/18px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/27px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/36px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> 이 부분의 본문은 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88%EB%B2%95%EC%9D%98_%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="특허법의 역사 (없는 문서)">특허법의 역사</a>입니다.</div> <p>어떠한 형태의 특허권이 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%8B%9C%EB%B0%94%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="시바리스 (없는 문서)">시바리스</a>의 그리스 도시의 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EB%8C%80_%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4" title="고대 그리스">고대 그리스</a>에서 인지되었으나, 법으로 정한 최초의 특허 시스템은 일반적으로 1474년의 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%A0%EB%8B%88%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88_%EC%A1%B0%EB%A1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="베니스 특허 조례 (없는 문서)">베니스 특허 조례</a>(Venetian Patent Statute)로 간주된다. 1474년 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EB%8B%88%EC%8A%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="베니스">베니스</a>에서 특허가 체계적으로 제공되었다. 보호 기간은 10년이었다.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="정의"><span id=".EC.A0.95.EC.9D.98"></span>정의</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88&action=edit&section=2" title="부분 편집: 정의"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>특허란 보통 새롭고 유용한 물건이나 그 물건의 제조방법, 물질의 새로운 결합방법이나 물질의 유용한 용도를 발명한 자는 누구나 받을 수 있는 권리를 의미한다. 특허를 받을 수 있는 발명은 자연법칙을 이용한 기술적 사상의 창작으로서 고도한 것이어야 한다. </p><p>기존의 발명을 다소간 변형하였으나 그 실질에 있어서는 기존의 발명과 동일한 경우에는 동일성의 범위 내에 있는 것으로서 신규성이 없다.<sup id="cite_ref-정상조_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-정상조-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="reference" style="white-space: nowrap;"><sup>:310</sup></span> 특허 출원된 발명에 신규성이 없다고 하기 위해서는 그 발명과 출원 전에 공지된 발명이 동일한 것이어야 한다. 동일성은 실질적 동일성을 의미하므로 특허청구범위에 기재된 기술적 사상과 문언적 형식적으로 같을 뿐 아니라, 발명의 기본이 되는 사상에 실질적으로 영향을 미치지 않는 비본질적인 사항에만 차이가 있는 정도에 지나지 않는다면 동일성이 있는 것으로 본다.<sup id="cite_ref-정상조_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-정상조-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="reference" style="white-space: nowrap;"><sup>:310</sup></span> 두 발명이 부분적으로만 일치하더라도 그 일치하는 부분을 제외한 나머지 부분만으로 별개의 발명을 이루지 않는 한 두 발명은 동일한 발명이다. (대법원 1995.6.9.선고 93후1940판결) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="종류"><span id=".EC.A2.85.EB.A5.98"></span>종류</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88&action=edit&section=3" title="부분 편집: 종류"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>물질특허, 제법특허, 용도 특허 등의 말을 쉽게 접하게 되어 이것들이 특허의 종류로 보일 수는 있으나, 이것은 특허의 종류라기보다 특허의 성격을 나타내는 용어이다. 특허를 보면 맨 마지막 부분에 '청구의 범위'란 항목이 존재하는데, 이 소항목들 하나하나가 그 특허가 보호 받고자 하는 내용들을 주장하고 있다. 이 주장이 발명의 결과 탄생한 물질이면 물질특허, 만드는 방법이면 제법 특허, 그리고 새로운 용도이면 용도 특허, 효과를 증진시킬 수 있는 방법이면 제형 특허 등으로 지칭되는 것이다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="세계_현황"><span id=".EC.84.B8.EA.B3.84_.ED.98.84.ED.99.A9"></span>세계 현황</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88&action=edit&section=4" title="부분 편집: 세계 현황"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480376"><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation" style="margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; width:auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-empty-cell"></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">현재 이 문단은 주로 <b>미국에 한정된 내용</b>만을 다루고 있습니다.<span class="hide-when-compact"><br />다른 국가·지역에 대한 내용을 <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88&action=edit">보충</a></span></b>하여 문서의 균형을 맞추어 주세요. 내용에 대한 의견이 있으시면 <a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88" title="토론:특허">토론 문서</a>에서 나누어 주세요.</span> <span class="date-container">(<small><span class="date">2012년 11월</span></small>)</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="미국의_특허"><span id=".EB.AF.B8.EA.B5.AD.EC.9D.98_.ED.8A.B9.ED.97.88"></span>미국의 특허</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88&action=edit&section=5" title="부분 편집: 미국의 특허"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD" title="미국">미국</a>의 13 식민주 시절 발명가들이 독점을 얻어 발명품을 발명할 수 있었다. 이와같은 독점은 특정 식민주의회의 청원에 의해 주어졌다. </p><p>예를 들어, 1646년에 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%A4%EC%82%AC%EC%B6%94%EC%84%B8%EC%B8%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="매사추세츠">매사추세츠</a> 주는 발명가 조셉 젱크스에게 그가 개발한 빠른 엔진을 사용한 물레방아를 설치할 독점적인 권한을 주었다. 이 독점권은 14년간 운영되었다. </p><p>미국 의회의 특허와 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A7%80%EC%A0%81%EC%86%8C%EC%9C%A0%EA%B6%8C%EB%B2%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="지적소유권법 (없는 문서)">지적소유권법</a>은 1787년 제임스 매디슨과 찰스 코테스워스 핑크니가 제안하였다. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>연도</th> <th>발효년수 </th></tr> <tr> <td>-1789</td> <td>- </td></tr> <tr> <td>1790–1835</td> <td>14년 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1836–1860</td> <td>21년 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1861–1994</td> <td>17년 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1995-</td> <td>20년 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="비판"><span id=".EB.B9.84.ED.8C.90"></span>비판</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88&action=edit&section=6" title="부분 편집: 비판"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>경제학자 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%AF%B8%EC%BC%88%EB%A0%88_%EB%B3%BC%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="미켈레 볼드린 (없는 문서)">미켈레 볼드린</a>(Michele Boldrin)과 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%97_%EC%BC%80%EC%9D%B4_%EB%A0%88%EB%B9%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="데이빗 케이 레빈 (없는 문서)">데이빗 케이 레빈</a>(David K. Levine)은 저서 '지적 독점에 대항하여(Against Intellectual Monopoly)'을 통해 특허 및 저작권 시스템이 시장에 발명품이 진입하지 못하게 막고 있다고 비판했다. 공공정책의 관점에서 볼 때 특허법과 저작권법 폐지를 주장한 것이다. 레빈과 볼드린은 인터넷에서 음악을 다운로드했다고 고소당한 학생들의 사례와 특허소지자가 생산한 값비싼 의약품을 구입할 수 없어서 죽어가는 아프리카의 AIDS 환자들을 특허 시스템의 실패사례로 지적했다.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD" title="미국">미국</a>의 국제적인 시민단체 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%9E%90_%ED%94%84%EB%9F%B0%ED%8B%B0%EC%96%B4_%EC%9E%AC%EB%8B%A8" title="전자 프런티어 재단">전자 프런티어 재단</a>(EFF)과, <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%9F%BD" title="유럽">유럽</a>의 <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EC%A0%81%EB%8B%B9" title="해적당">해적당</a>(<a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EC%9B%A8%EB%8D%B4_%ED%95%B4%EC%A0%81%EB%8B%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="스웨덴 해적당">스웨덴 해적당</a>을 필두로 한 <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EC%A0%81%EB%8B%B9_%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0%EB%82%B4%EC%85%94%EB%84%90" class="mw-redirect" title="해적당 인터내셔널">해적당 인터내셔널</a>과 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC_%ED%95%B4%EC%A0%81%EB%8B%B9" title="독일 해적당">독일 해적당</a>)은 특허 제도의 폐지나 전면적인 개정을 주장하고 있다. </p><p>특히 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC_%ED%95%B4%EC%A0%81%EB%8B%B9" title="독일 해적당">독일 해적당</a>은 특허체제의 개혁을 주장하고 있다. 이들에 따르면 특허 체제는 혁신을 지원하기보다 방해할 뿐 아니라 시장과 소상인에 대한 부정적인 영향을 주는 독점을 형성하고 있다. 또한 이들은 특허체제가 다른 사람의 시장진입을 막는 목적으로 사용되고 있지 직접적 사용이나 효과가 있는 혁신을 재활용하는데 있지 않다고 본다. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD" title="미국">미국</a>의 유명 판사인 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EC%B2%98%EB%93%9C_%ED%8F%AC%EC%8A%A4%EB%84%88" title="리처드 포스너">리처드 포스너</a>는 ‘왜 미국에는 너무 많은 특허가 있을까?’라는 기고문으로 미국 특허 시스템에 일침을 가했다. 이 기고문은 2012년 기준으로 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%A0%ED%94%8C" title="애플">애플</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EA%B8%80" title="구글">구글</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%82%BC%EC%84%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="삼성">삼성</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%9C%EB%9D%BC" title="모토로라">모토로라</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EB%9D%BC%ED%81%B4_(%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%85)" title="오라클 (기업)">오라클</a> 등 모바일 관련 기술 특허의 소송이 끊이지 않고 장기화, 거대화 되는 중이라 눈길을 끌었다. 이 기고문에서 포스너 판사는 '미국에서는 회사가 소유한 특허를 바탕으로 특허권의 범위와 특허 차단 경쟁을 통해 시장을 독점할 수 있다는 이유로 기업들은 자신들의 특허를 보호하는 것과 특허 괴물로 불리는 특허 소송 전문 기업의 공격을 방어하기 위해 많은 돈을 쓴다. 그리고 이는 막대한 사회적 낭비로 이어진다'고 비판했다. 포스너 판사는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%A0%ED%94%8C" title="애플">애플</a>이 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%9C%EB%9D%BC" title="모토로라">모토로라</a>가 4개의 특허를 침해했다며 제기한 소송과 그에 대한 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%9C%EB%9D%BC" title="모토로라">모토로라</a>의 맞소송에 대해 두 회사 모두 피해를 증명할만한 충분한 증거를 제시하지 않았다고 판결한 바 있다.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="행정법의_특허"><span id=".ED.96.89.EC.A0.95.EB.B2.95.EC.9D.98_.ED.8A.B9.ED.97.88"></span>행정법의 특허</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88&action=edit&section=7" title="부분 편집: 행정법의 특허"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="판례"><span id=".ED.8C.90.EB.A1.80"></span>판례</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88&action=edit&section=8" title="부분 편집: 판례"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>개인택시운송사업면허는 특정인에게 권리나 의무를 부여하는 것이므로 강학상 특허에 해당한다<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>공유수면의 점용, 사용 허가는 허가 상대방에게 제한을 해제하여 공유수면이용권을 부여하는 처분으로 강학상 허가에 해당한다.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="존속기간"><span id=".EC.A1.B4.EC.86.8D.EA.B8.B0.EA.B0.84"></span>존속기간</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88&action=edit&section=9" title="부분 편집: 존속기간"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>대한민국의 경우 특허권의 존속기간은 특허권을 설정등록한 날부터 특허출원일 후 20년이 되는 날까지로 한다.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="같이_보기"><span id=".EA.B0.99.EC.9D.B4_.EB.B3.B4.EA.B8.B0"></span>같이 보기</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88&action=edit&section=10" title="부분 편집: 같이 보기"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%80%EC%8B%9D_%EC%9E%AC%EC%82%B0%EA%B6%8C" title="지식 재산권">지식 재산권</a></li> <li><span title="대상 항목은 아직 없습니다. 신규 작성, 또는 다른 언어로부터의 번역이 필요합니다.]"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88%EC%97%90_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C_%EB%B9%84%ED%8C%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="특허에 대한 비판 (없는 문서)">특허에 대한 비판</a><span style="font-size: 0.77em; font-weight: normal;" class="noprint">(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_patents" class="extiw" title="en:Criticism of patents">영어판</a>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88%ED%98%91%EB%A0%A5%EC%A1%B0%EC%95%BD" title="특허협력조약">특허협력조약</a> (PCT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88%EB%B2%95%EC%A1%B0%EC%95%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="특허법조약">특허법조약</a> (PLT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EC%97%85%EC%86%8C%EC%9C%A0%EA%B6%8C%EB%B3%B4%ED%98%B8%EB%8F%99%EB%A7%B9%EC%A1%B0%EC%95%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="공업소유권보호동맹조약">공업소유권보호동맹조약</a> (또는 파리조약)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9E%A0%EC%88%98%ED%95%A8_%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="잠수함 특허 (없는 문서)">잠수함 특허</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A7%A4%EB%B3%B5_%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="매복 특허 (없는 문서)">매복 특허</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98" class="mw-redirect" title="특허분류">특허분류</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="각주"><span id=".EA.B0.81.EC.A3.BC"></span>각주</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88&action=edit&section=11" title="부분 편집: 각주"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r35556958">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wolfgang-pfaller.de/venedig.htm">“Wolfgang-Pfaller.de: Patentgesetz von Venedig”</a> (독일어이탈리아어).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wolfgang-Pfaller.de%3A+Patentgesetz+von+Venedig&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wolfgang-pfaller.de%2Fvenedig.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-정상조-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-정상조_2-0">가</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-정상조_2-1">나</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">정상조, 박성수 공편, 《특허법 주해 1》(박영사)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.newswise.com/articles/view/549822/?sc=dwhn">http://www.newswise.com/articles/view/549822/?sc=dwhn</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.zdnet.co.kr/news/news_view.asp?artice_id=20120713083805&type=xml">http://www.zdnet.co.kr/news/news_view.asp?artice_id=20120713083805&type=xml</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">2001두5637</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">2002두5016</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">대한민국 특허법 제88조</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="외부_링크"><span id=".EC.99.B8.EB.B6.80_.EB.A7.81.ED.81.AC"></span>외부 링크</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88&action=edit&section=12" title="부분 편집: 외부 링크"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> 위키미디어 공용에 <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Patents?uselang=ko">특허</a></span> 관련 미디어 분류가 있습니다.</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span> 위키인용집에 <a href="https://ko.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/특허">특허</a> 관련 문서가 있습니다.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="특허를_확인할_수_있는_매체"><span id=".ED.8A.B9.ED.97.88.EB.A5.BC_.ED.99.95.EC.9D.B8.ED.95.A0_.EC.88.98_.EC.9E.88.EB.8A.94_.EB.A7.A4.EC.B2.B4"></span>특허를 확인할 수 있는 매체</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88&action=edit&section=13" title="부분 편집: 특허를 확인할 수 있는 매체"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kipo.go.kr/ko/MainApp.do">특허청</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kipris.or.kr/khome/main.jsp">KIPRIS</a></li> <li><a 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