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<span>Composition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Composition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Role" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Role"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Role</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Role-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Role subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Role-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Powers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Powers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Powers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Powers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Limitations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Limitations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Limitations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Limitations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Committees" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Committees"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Committees</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Committees-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Predecessors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Predecessors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Predecessors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Predecessors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Broadcasting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Broadcasting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Broadcasting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Broadcasting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Houses_of_the_Oireachtas_family_day" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Houses_of_the_Oireachtas_family_day"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Houses of the Oireachtas family day</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Houses_of_the_Oireachtas_family_day-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Northern_Ireland_representation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Northern_Ireland_representation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Northern Ireland representation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Northern_Ireland_representation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Houses_of_the_Oireachtas_Commission" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Houses_of_the_Oireachtas_Commission"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Houses of the Oireachtas Commission</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Houses_of_the_Oireachtas_Commission-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Oireachtas</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 45 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-45" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">45 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="أويرياشتاس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أويرياشتاس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Ойрахтас – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ойрахтас" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Ойрахтас – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ойрахтас" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Ирландын Парламент – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Ирландын Парламент" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamento_de_Irlando" title="Parlamento de Irlando – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Parlamento de Irlando" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_tOireachtas" title="An tOireachtas – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An tOireachtas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamento_de_Irlanda" title="Parlamento de Irlanda – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Parlamento de Irlanda" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%9F%AC%ED%81%AC%ED%84%B0%EC%8A%A4" title="에러크터스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="에러크터스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%98%D7%A1" title="אירכטס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אירכטס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ირლანდიის პარლამენტი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ირლანდიის პარლამენტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irachtas" title="Irachtas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Irachtas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A9%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BF%E3%82%B9" title="ウラクタス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウラクタス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlandiya_parlamenti" title="Irlandiya parlamenti – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Irlandiya parlamenti" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas_%C3%89ireann" title="Oireachtas Éireann – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Oireachtas Éireann" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Парламент Ирландии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Парламент Ирландии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%DA%AA%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="اريڪتاس – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اريڪتاس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Oireachtas" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlands_parlament" title="Irlands parlament – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Irlands parlament" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Ерахтас – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ерахтас" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%B3" title="اراکتس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اراکتس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%E1%BB%91c_h%E1%BB%99i_C%E1%BB%99ng_h%C3%B2a_Ireland" title="Quốc hội Cộng hòa Ireland – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quốc hội Cộng hòa Ireland" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng 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For alternative meanings, see <a href="/wiki/Oireachtas_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Oireachtas (disambiguation)">Oireachtas (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irish_parliament_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Irish parliament (disambiguation)">Irish parliament (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%; border-top: 2px solid #08a04b; border-bottom: 2px solid #08a04b"><div style="display:inline" class="fn org">Oireachtas</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HousesOireachtasLogo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/HousesOireachtasLogo.png/250px-HousesOireachtasLogo.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/HousesOireachtasLogo.png/375px-HousesOireachtasLogo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/HousesOireachtasLogo.png/500px-HousesOireachtasLogo.png 2x" data-file-width="679" data-file-height="288" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #08a04b; border-bottom: 2px solid #08a04b">Type</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.3em;"><div style="display:inline" class="category"><a href="/wiki/Bicameral" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicameral">Bicameral</a></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Houses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil Éireann</a> (<a href="/wiki/33rd_D%C3%A1il" title="33rd Dáil">33rd</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Seanad_%C3%89ireann" title="Seanad Éireann">Seanad Éireann</a> (<a href="/wiki/26th_Seanad" title="26th Seanad">26th</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #08a04b; border-bottom: 2px solid #08a04b">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">29 December 1937 (<a href="/wiki/Adoption_of_the_Constitution_of_Ireland#Plebiscite" title="Adoption of the Constitution of Ireland">Modern form</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Oireachtas_(Irish_Free_State)" title="Oireachtas (Irish Free State)">Irish Free State Oireachtas</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #08a04b; border-bottom: 2px solid #08a04b">Leadership</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/President_of_Ireland" title="President of Ireland">President of Ireland</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Michael_D._Higgins" title="Michael D. Higgins">Michael D. Higgins</a> <br />since <a href="/wiki/2011_Irish_presidential_election" title="2011 Irish presidential election">11 November 2011</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Ceann_Comhairle" title="Ceann Comhairle">Ceann Comhairle</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_%C3%93_Feargha%C3%ADl" title="Seán Ó Fearghaíl">Seán Ó Fearghaíl</a> <br />since <a href="/wiki/2016_Ceann_Comhairle_election" title="2016 Ceann Comhairle election">10 March 2016</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Ceann_Comhairle#Leas-Cheann_Chomhairle" title="Ceann Comhairle">Leas-Cheann Comhairle</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Connolly" title="Catherine Connolly">Catherine Connolly</a>, <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician_(Ireland)" title="Independent politician (Ireland)">Ind</a> <br />since 23 July 2020 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Cathaoirleach" title="Cathaoirleach">Cathaoirleach</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Buttimer" title="Jerry Buttimer">Jerry Buttimer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fine_Gael" title="Fine Gael">FG</a> <br />since <a href="/wiki/26th_Seanad" title="26th Seanad">16 December 2022</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Cathaoirleach#Leas_Chathaoirleach" title="Cathaoirleach">Leas-Chathaoirleach</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Daly_(politician)" title="Mark Daly (politician)">Mark Daly</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fianna_F%C3%A1il" title="Fianna Fáil">FF</a> <br />since 16 December 2022 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Taoiseach" title="Taoiseach">Taoiseach</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Simon_Harris" title="Simon Harris">Simon Harris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fine_Gael" title="Fine Gael">FG</a> <br />since <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_33rd_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 33rd Dáil">9 April 2024</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1naiste" title="Tánaiste">Tánaiste</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Miche%C3%A1l_Martin" title="Micheál Martin">Micheál Martin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fianna_F%C3%A1il" title="Fianna Fáil">FF</a> <br />since <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_33rd_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 33rd Dáil">17 December 2022</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Ireland)" title="Leader of the Opposition (Ireland)">Leader of the Opposition</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Lou_McDonald" title="Mary Lou McDonald">Mary Lou McDonald</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">SF</a> <br />since 27 June 2020 </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #08a04b; border-bottom: 2px solid #08a04b">Structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Seats</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><b>Dáil Éireann</b>: 160</li><li><b>Seanad Éireann</b>: 60</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Current_D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann_composition.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Current_D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann_composition.svg/250px-Current_D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann_composition.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Current_D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann_composition.svg/375px-Current_D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann_composition.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Current_D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann_composition.svg/500px-Current_D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann_composition.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1615" data-file-height="1674" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil</a></div> political groups</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><b><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_33rd_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 33rd Dáil">Government</a> (79)</b> <dl><dd><span class="legend nowrap" style="page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;border:1px solid darkgray;background-color:#66BB66"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Fianna_F%C3%A1il" title="Fianna Fáil">Fianna Fáil</a></span> (35)</dd> <dd><span class="legend nowrap" style="page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;border:1px solid darkgray;background-color:#6699FF"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Fine_Gael" title="Fine Gael">Fine Gael</a></span> (32)</dd> <dd><span class="legend nowrap" style="page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;border:1px solid darkgray;background-color:#22AC6F"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(Ireland)" title="Green Party (Ireland)">Green</a></span> (12)</dd></dl> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Opposition_(politics)" title="Opposition (politics)">Opposition</a> (75)</b> </p> <dl><dd><span class="legend nowrap" style="page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;border:1px solid darkgray;background-color:#326760"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a></span> (33)</dd> <dd><span class="legend nowrap" style="page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;border:1px solid darkgray;background-color:#CC0000"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Ireland)" title="Labour Party (Ireland)">Labour</a></span> (6)</dd> <dd><span class="legend nowrap" style="page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;border:1px solid darkgray;background-color:#752F8B"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democrats_(Ireland)" title="Social Democrats (Ireland)">Social Democrats</a></span> (6)</dd> <dd><span class="legend nowrap" style="page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;border:1px solid darkgray;background-color:#8E2420"> </span> <a href="/wiki/People_Before_Profit%E2%80%93Solidarity" title="People Before Profit–Solidarity">PBP–Solidarity</a></span> (5)</dd> <dd><span class="legend nowrap" style="page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;border:1px solid darkgray;background-color:#3BEE56"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Independent_Ireland" title="Independent Ireland">Independent Ireland</a></span> (3)</dd> <dd><span class="legend nowrap" style="page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;border:1px solid darkgray;background-color:#44532A"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Aont%C3%BA" title="Aontú">Aontú</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Peadar_T%C3%B3ib%C3%ADn" title="Peadar Tóibín">1</a>)</dd> <dd><span class="legend nowrap" style="page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;border:1px solid darkgray;background-color:#EE4035"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Right_to_Change" title="Right to Change">Right to Change</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Joan_Collins_(politician)" title="Joan Collins (politician)">1</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dd><span class="legend nowrap" style="page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;border:1px solid darkgray;background-color:#DDDDDD"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician_(Ireland)" title="Independent politician (Ireland)">Independent</a></span> (20)</dd></dl> <p><b>Vacant</b> </p> <dl><dd><span class="legend nowrap" style="page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;border:1px solid darkgray;background-color:#FFFFFF"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Casual_vacancy" title="Casual vacancy">Vacant</a></span> (5)</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Ceann_Comhairle" title="Ceann Comhairle">Ceann Comhairle</a></dt> <dd><span class="legend nowrap" style="page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;border:1px solid darkgray;background-color:#000000"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Ceann_Comhairle" title="Ceann Comhairle">Ceann Comhairle</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_%C3%93_Feargha%C3%ADl" title="Seán Ó Fearghaíl">1</a>)</dd></dl> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Current_Seanad_%C3%89ireann_composition.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Current_Seanad_%C3%89ireann_composition.svg/250px-Current_Seanad_%C3%89ireann_composition.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Current_Seanad_%C3%89ireann_composition.svg/375px-Current_Seanad_%C3%89ireann_composition.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Current_Seanad_%C3%89ireann_composition.svg/500px-Current_Seanad_%C3%89ireann_composition.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Seanad_%C3%89ireann" title="Seanad Éireann">Seanad</a></div> political groups</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><b><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_33rd_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 33rd Dáil">Government</a> (41)</b> <dl><dd><span class="legend nowrap" style="page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;border:1px solid darkgray;background-color:#66BB66"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Fianna_F%C3%A1il" title="Fianna Fáil">Fianna Fáil</a></span> (20)</dd> <dd><span class="legend nowrap" style="page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;border:1px solid darkgray;background-color:#6699FF"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Fine_Gael" title="Fine Gael">Fine Gael</a></span> (16)</dd> <dd><span class="legend nowrap" style="page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;border:1px solid darkgray;background-color:#22AC6F"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(Ireland)" title="Green Party (Ireland)">Green</a></span> (5)</dd></dl> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Opposition_(politics)" title="Opposition (politics)">Opposition</a> (16)</b> </p> <dl><dd><span class="legend nowrap" style="page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;border:1px solid darkgray;background-color:#CC0000"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Ireland)" title="Labour Party (Ireland)">Labour</a></span> (4)</dd> <dd><span class="legend nowrap" style="page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;border:1px solid darkgray;background-color:#326760"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a></span> (2)</dd> <dd><span class="legend nowrap" style="page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;border:1px solid darkgray;background-color:#DDDDDD"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician_(Ireland)" title="Independent politician (Ireland)">Independent</a></span> (11)</dd></dl> <p><b>Vacant</b> </p> <dl><dd><span class="legend nowrap" style="page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;border:1px solid darkgray;background-color:#FFFFFF"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Casual_vacancy" title="Casual vacancy">Vacant</a></span> (2)</dd></dl> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Joint committees</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/Committees_of_the_Oireachtas" title="Committees of the Oireachtas">20</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Agriculture, Food and the Marine </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Autism </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Children, Disability, Equality, Integration, and Youth </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Disability Matters </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Education, Further and Higher Education, Research, Innovation, and Science </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Enterprise, Trade and Employment </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Environment and Climate Action </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">European Union Affairs </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Finance, Public Expenditure and Reform, and Taoiseach </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Foreign Affairs and Defence </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Gender Equality </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Implementation of the Good Friday Agreement </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Irish Language, Gaeltacht and the Irish-speaking Community </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Health </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Housing, Local Government and Heritage </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Justice </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Public Petitions </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Social Protection, Community and Rural Development and the Islands </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Transport and Communications </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Tourism, Culture, Arts, Sport and Media </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Length of term</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Not exceeding 5 years</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Authority</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/cons/en/html#part4.">Articles 15−27, Constitution of Ireland</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Salary</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>€105,271 per year + expenses (<a href="/wiki/Teachta%C3%AD_D%C3%A1la" class="mw-redirect" title="Teachtaí Dála">TDs</a>)</li><li>€73,726 per year + expenses (<a href="/wiki/Seanad_%C3%89ireann" title="Seanad Éireann">Senators</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #08a04b; border-bottom: 2px solid #08a04b">Elections</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil</a></div> <a href="/wiki/Electoral_system" title="Electoral system">voting system</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Proportional_representation" title="Proportional representation">Proportional representation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Single_transferable_vote" title="Single transferable vote">single transferable vote</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Seanad_%C3%89ireann" title="Seanad Éireann">Seanad</a></div> <a href="/wiki/Electoral_system" title="Electoral system">voting system</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Indirect_election" title="Indirect election">Indirect election</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Last <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil</a></div> election</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/2020_Irish_general_election" title="2020 Irish general election">8 February 2020</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Last <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Seanad_%C3%89ireann" title="Seanad Éireann">Seanad</a></div> election</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/2020_Seanad_election" title="2020 Seanad election">31 March 2020</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Next general election</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/2024_Irish_general_election" title="2024 Irish general election">29 November 2024</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #08a04b; border-bottom: 2px solid #08a04b">Meeting place</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:20130810_dublin214.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/20130810_dublin214.JPG/220px-20130810_dublin214.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/20130810_dublin214.JPG/330px-20130810_dublin214.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/20130810_dublin214.JPG/440px-20130810_dublin214.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data label"><a href="/wiki/Leinster_House" title="Leinster House">Leinster House</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kildare_Street" title="Kildare Street">Kildare Street</a>, Dublin</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #08a04b; border-bottom: 2px solid #08a04b">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oireachtas.ie/">www<wbr />.oireachtas<wbr />.ie</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #08a04b; border-bottom: 2px solid #08a04b">Constitution</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ireland" title="Constitution of Ireland">Constitution of Ireland</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #08a04b; border-bottom: 2px solid #08a04b">Rules</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/parliamentaryBusiness/standingOrders/dail/2021/2021-01-27_consolidated-dail-eireann-standing-orders-january-2021_en.pdf.">Dáil Éireann – Standing Orders Relative to Public Business 2020</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/parliamentaryBusiness/standingOrders/seanad/2020/2020-04-15_seanad-eireann-standing-orders-relative-to-public-business-2020_en.pdf.">Seanad Éireann – Standing Orders Relative to Public Business 2020</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Politics of the Republic of Ireland">Politics of the Republic of Ireland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Coat of arms of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="830" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ireland" title="Constitution of Ireland">Constitution</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amendments_to_the_Constitution_of_Ireland" title="Amendments to the Constitution of Ireland">Amendments</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Presidency</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/President_of_Ireland" title="President of Ireland">President</a></b></div> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Michael_D._Higgins" title="Michael D. Higgins">Michael D. Higgins</a></div> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_State_(Ireland)" title="Council of State (Ireland)">Council of State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Commission_(Ireland)" title="Presidential Commission (Ireland)">Presidential Commission</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ireland" title="Government of Ireland">Government</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_33rd_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 33rd Dáil">Cabinet</a></b></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Taoiseach" title="Taoiseach">Taoiseach</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Simon_Harris" title="Simon Harris">Simon Harris</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1naiste" title="Tánaiste">Tánaiste</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Miche%C3%A1l_Martin" title="Micheál Martin">Micheál Martin</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_State_(Ireland)" title="Department of State (Ireland)">Departments of State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_service_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Public service of the Republic of Ireland">Public Service</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Civil_Service_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Civil Service of the Republic of Ireland">Civil Service</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/State_Agencies_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="State Agencies of the Republic of Ireland">State Agencies</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Ireland" title="Attorney General of Ireland">Attorney General</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Rossa_Fanning" title="Rossa Fanning">Rossa Fanning</a></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Oireachtas</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil Éireann</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Ceann_Comhairle" title="Ceann Comhairle">Ceann Comhairle</a>: <a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_%C3%93_Feargha%C3%ADl" title="Seán Ó Fearghaíl">Seán Ó Fearghaíl</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seanad_%C3%89ireann" title="Seanad Éireann">Seanad Éireann</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Cathaoirleach" title="Cathaoirleach">Cathaoirleach</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Buttimer" title="Jerry Buttimer">Jerry Buttimer</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in_Front_Bench" title="Sinn Féin Front Bench">Opposition</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Ireland)" title="Leader of the Opposition (Ireland)">Leader</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mary_Lou_McDonald" title="Mary Lou McDonald">Mary Lou McDonald</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committees_of_the_Oireachtas" title="Committees of the Oireachtas">Committees</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Courts_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Courts of the Republic of Ireland">Courts</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Ireland" title="Supreme Court of Ireland">Supreme Court</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_Ireland" title="Chief Justice of Ireland">Chief Justice</a>: <a href="/wiki/Donal_O%27Donnell" title="Donal O'Donnell">Donal O'Donnell</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeal_(Ireland)" title="Court of Appeal (Ireland)">Court of Appeal</a> <dl><dd>President: <a href="/wiki/George_Birmingham" title="George Birmingham">George Birmingham</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Court_(Ireland)" title="High Court (Ireland)">High Court</a> <dl><dd>President: <a href="/wiki/David_Barniville" title="David Barniville">David Barniville</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Criminal_Court" title="Special Criminal Court">Special Criminal Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circuit_Court_(Ireland)" title="Circuit Court (Ireland)">Circuit Court</a> <dl><dd>President: <a href="/wiki/Patricia_Ryan_(judge)" title="Patricia Ryan (judge)">Patricia Ryan</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_Court_(Ireland)" title="District Court (Ireland)">District Court</a> <dl><dd>President: <a href="/wiki/District_Court_(Ireland)#President_of_District_Court" title="District Court (Ireland)">Paul Kelly</a></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Elections in the Republic of Ireland">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_constituencies" title="Dáil constituencies">Constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="List of political parties in the Republic of Ireland">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_D%C3%A1il_by-elections" title="List of Dáil by-elections">By-elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Commission_(Ireland)" title="Electoral Commission (Ireland)">Electoral Commission</a></li> <li>Recent elections</li></ul> <table class="infobox" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%;text-align:right;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">General</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Irish_general_election" title="2016 Irish general election">2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Irish_general_election" title="2020 Irish general election">2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Irish_general_election" title="2024 Irish general election">2024</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%;text-align:right;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Presidential</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_Irish_presidential_election" title="2004 Irish presidential election">2004</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2011_Irish_presidential_election" title="2011 Irish presidential election">2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2018_Irish_presidential_election" title="2018 Irish presidential election">2018</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%;text-align:right;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Local</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/2014_Irish_local_elections" title="2014 Irish local elections">2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2019_Irish_local_elections" title="2019 Irish local elections">2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Irish_local_elections" title="2024 Irish local elections">2024</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%;text-align:right;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">European</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="2014 European Parliament election in Ireland">2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="2019 European Parliament election in Ireland">2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="2024 European Parliament election in Ireland">2024</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Administrative geography</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Ireland" title="Counties of Ireland">Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Local government in the Republic of Ireland">Local government</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Ireland" title="Foreign relations of Ireland">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Ireland)" title="Department of Foreign Affairs (Ireland)">Department of Foreign Affairs</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Ireland)">Minister</a>: <a href="/wiki/Miche%C3%A1l_Martin" title="Micheál Martin">Micheál Martin</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_neutrality" title="Irish neutrality">Irish neutrality</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Ireland" title="List of diplomatic missions of Ireland">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Ireland" title="List of diplomatic missions in Ireland">in Ireland</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_nationality_law" title="Irish nationality law">Nationality law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_passport" title="Irish passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Irish_citizens" title="Visa requirements for Irish citizens">Visa requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Ireland" title="Visa policy of Ireland">Visa policy</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ireland%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Ireland–United Kingdom relations">Ireland–United Kingdom relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Politics of Northern Ireland">Politics of Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Friday_Agreement" title="Good Friday Agreement">Good Friday Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_border" title="Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border">Ireland–UK border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_and_the_Irish_border" title="Brexit and the Irish border">Brexit and the Irish border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British%E2%80%93Irish_Council" title="British–Irish Council">British–Irish Council</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Ireland_relations" title="Australia–Ireland relations">Australia–Ireland relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ireland%E2%80%93New_Zealand_relations" title="Ireland–New Zealand relations">Ireland–New Zealand relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Ireland_relations" title="Canada–Ireland relations">Canada–Ireland relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ireland%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Ireland–United States relations">Ireland–United States relations</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_European_Union" title="Politics of the European Union">Politics of the European Union</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Four_Provinces_Flag.svg/16px-Four_Provinces_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Four_Provinces_Flag.svg/24px-Four_Provinces_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Four_Provinces_Flag.svg/32px-Four_Provinces_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1320" data-file-height="680" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ireland" title="Portal:Ireland">Ireland portal</a></span></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Template:Politics of the Republic of Ireland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Template talk:Politics of the Republic of Ireland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of the Republic of Ireland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Oireachtas</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ɛr/: 'err' in 'merry'">ɛr</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">EH</span>-rək-təs</i></a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Irish:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ga-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Irish" title="Help:IPA/Irish">[ˈɛɾʲaxt̪ˠəsˠ]</a></span>), sometimes referred to as <b>Oireachtas Éireann</b>, is the <a href="/wiki/Bicameralism" title="Bicameralism">bicameral</a> <a href="/wiki/Parliament" title="Parliament">parliament</a> of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Oireachtas consists of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Ireland" title="President of Ireland">president of Ireland</a> and the two houses of the Oireachtas (<a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish</a>: <i lang="ga">Tithe an Oireachtais</i>):<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <a href="/wiki/House_of_representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="House of representatives">house of representatives</a> called <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil Éireann</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Senate" title="Senate">senate</a> called <a href="/wiki/Seanad_%C3%89ireann" title="Seanad Éireann">Seanad Éireann</a>. </p><p>The houses of the Oireachtas sit in <a href="/wiki/Leinster_House" title="Leinster House">Leinster House</a> in <a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a>, an eighteenth-century <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">ducal</a> <a href="/wiki/Palace" title="Palace">palace</a>. The directly elected Dáil is the more powerful of the houses of the Oireachtas. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oireachtas&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">oireachtas</i></span> comes from the <a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish</a> word <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">airecht</i></span>/<span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">oireacht</i></span> ("deliberative assembly of freemen; assembled freemen; assembly, gathering; patrimony, territory"), ultimately from the word <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">airig</i></span> ("freeman").<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its first recorded use as the name of a legislative body was within the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Free_State" title="Irish Free State">Irish Free State</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Composition">Composition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oireachtas&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Composition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dáil Éireann is directly elected under <a href="/wiki/Universal_suffrage" title="Universal suffrage">universal suffrage</a> of all Irish citizens who are residents and at least eighteen years old; non-Irish citizens may be enfranchised by law, which currently extends to British citizens. By law, a Dáil term may last no longer than five years; however, the house can be dissolved by the president at any time at the request of the <a href="/wiki/Taoiseach" title="Taoiseach">Taoiseach</a> (head of government). Dáil elections use the <a href="/wiki/Electoral_system" title="Electoral system">electoral system</a> of <a href="/wiki/Proportional_representation" title="Proportional representation">proportional representation</a> by means of a <a href="/wiki/Single_transferable_vote" title="Single transferable vote">single transferable vote</a>. The Dáil has 160 members. </p><p>The Seanad is not directly elected but consists of a mixture of members selected in a number of different ways. There are 60 senators: 43 are elected by councillors and parliamentarians, 11 are appointed by the Taoiseach, and six are elected by two <a href="/wiki/University_constituencies" class="mw-redirect" title="University constituencies">university constituencies</a>. </p><p>The president is directly elected once every seven years, and may serve a maximum of two terms; where there is only one candidate for president, no ballot will be taken, and the candidate will be deemed elected at the close of nominations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Role">Role</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oireachtas&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Role"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>To become law, a <a href="/wiki/Bill_(proposed_law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill (proposed law)">bill</a> must first be approved by both the Dáil and in most circumstances the Seanad (although the Dáil can override a Seanad refusal to pass a bill), and then signed into law by the president. Bills to amend the Constitution must also be approved by the people in a referendum prior to being presented to the President. In most circumstances, the president is in effect obliged to sign all laws approved by the Houses of the Oireachtas, although the president has the power to <a href="/wiki/Advisory_opinion" title="Advisory opinion">refer most bills to the Supreme Court for a ruling on constitutionality.</a> The powers of the Seanad are in effect limited to delay rather than veto. It is the Dáil, therefore, that is the supreme tier of the Irish legislature. The general <a href="/wiki/Enacting_formula" class="mw-redirect" title="Enacting formula">enacting formula</a> for <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_the_Oireachtas" class="mw-redirect" title="Acts of the Oireachtas">Acts of the Oireachtas</a> is: "Be it enacted by the Oireachtas as follows:—", for an act with a preamble this enacting formula is, instead, "Be it therefore enacted by the Oireachtas as follows:—". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Powers">Powers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oireachtas&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Powers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Oireachtas has exclusive power to: </p> <ul><li>Legislate, including a power vested in the Dáil of approving the financial resolutions relevant to the budget. However, the courts<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> have allowed the Oireachtas to delegate limited legislative powers to other entities, such as Government Ministers.</li> <li>Create subordinate legislatures.</li> <li>Propose changes to the constitution (must be initiated in the Dáil), which must then be submitted to a <a href="/wiki/Referendum" title="Referendum">referendum</a>.</li> <li>Raise military or armed forces.</li> <li>Allow international agreements to become part of the domestic law of the state.</li> <li>Pass certain laws having an extraterritorial effect (in accordance with the similar practices of other states).</li> <li>Enact, when it considers a <a href="/wiki/State_of_emergency" title="State of emergency">state of emergency</a> to exist, almost any law it deems necessary, with the imposition of capital punishment being the only absolutely excluded act in all circumstances.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Limitations">Limitations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oireachtas&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Limitations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Laws are invalid if, and to the extent that, they contradict the constitution.</li> <li>In the event of a conflict, <a href="/wiki/EU_law" class="mw-redirect" title="EU law">EU law</a> also takes precedence over acts of the Oireachtas, as is common throughout the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>.</li> <li>It may not retrospectively criminalise acts that were not illegal at the time they were committed.</li> <li>It may not enact any law providing for the imposition of the <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment" title="Capital punishment">death penalty</a>, even during a state of emergency.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Committees">Committees</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oireachtas&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Committees"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Committees_of_the_Oireachtas" title="Committees of the Oireachtas">Committees of the Oireachtas</a></div> <p>The Oireachtas has a number of <a href="/wiki/Joint_committee_(legislative)" title="Joint committee (legislative)">joint committees</a> that include members of both houses. There are currently fifteen of these: </p> <ul><li>Joint Committee on Agriculture and the Marine</li> <li>Joint Committee on Children, Disability, Equality and Integration</li> <li>Joint Committee on Climate Action</li> <li>Joint Committee on Education, Further and Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Science</li> <li>Joint Committee on Enterprise, Trade and Employment</li> <li>Joint Committee on European Union Affairs</li> <li>Joint Committee on Finance, Public Expenditure and Reform, and Taoiseach</li> <li>Joint Committee on Foreign Affairs and Defence</li> <li>Joint Committee on Health</li> <li>Joint Committee on Housing, Local Government and Heritage</li> <li>Joint Committee on the Implementation of the Good Friday Agreement</li> <li>Joint Committee on Justice</li> <li>Joint Committee on Media, Tourism, Arts, Culture, Sport and the Gaeltacht</li> <li>Joint Committee on Social Protection, Community and Rural Development and the Islands</li> <li>Joint Committee on Transport and Communications Networks</li> <li>Working Group of Committee Chairmen</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Predecessors">Predecessors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oireachtas&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Predecessors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Oireachtas</i> has been the title of two parliaments in <a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland" title="History of Ireland">Irish history</a>: the current Oireachtas of Ireland, since 1937, and, immediately before that, the <a href="/wiki/Oireachtas_of_the_Irish_Free_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Oireachtas of the Irish Free State">Oireachtas of the Irish Free State</a> of 1922 to 1937. </p><p>The earliest parliament in Ireland was the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Ireland" title="Parliament of Ireland">Parliament of Ireland</a>, which was founded in the thirteenth century as the supreme legislative body of the lordship of Ireland and was in existence until 1801. This parliament governed the English-dominated part of Ireland, which at first was limited to Dublin and surrounding cities, but later grew to include the entire island. The Irish Parliament was, from the passage of <a href="/wiki/Poynings%27_Law_(on_certification_of_acts)" title="Poynings' Law (on certification of acts)">Poynings' Law</a> in 1494 until its repeal in 1782, subordinate to the English, and later British, <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament</a>. This Parliament consisted of the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Ireland" title="Monarchy of Ireland">King of Ireland</a>, who was the same person as the King of England, a <a href="/wiki/Irish_House_of_Lords" title="Irish House of Lords">House of Lords</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Irish_House_of_Commons" title="Irish House of Commons">House of Commons</a>. In 1800 the Irish Parliament approved its own abolition when it enacted the <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1800" title="Acts of Union 1800">Act of Union</a>, which came into effect from 1 January 1801. </p><p>The next legislature to exist in Ireland came into being in 1919. This was a <a href="/wiki/Unicameralism" title="Unicameralism">unicameral</a> parliament established by <a href="/wiki/Irish_republicanism" title="Irish republicanism">Irish republicans</a>, known simply as <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann_(Irish_Republic)" title="Dáil Éireann (Irish Republic)">Dáil Éireann</a>. This revolutionary Dáil was notionally a legislature for the whole island of Ireland. In 1920, in parallel to the Dáil, the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Government of the United Kingdom">British government</a> created a <a href="/wiki/Home_rule" title="Home rule">home rule</a> legislature called the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Southern_Ireland" title="Parliament of Southern Ireland">Parliament of Southern Ireland</a>. However, this parliament was boycotted by most Irish politicians. It was made up of the King, the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Southern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Commons of Southern Ireland">House of Commons of Southern Ireland</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Southern_Ireland" title="Senate of Southern Ireland">Senate of Southern Ireland</a>. The Parliament of Southern Ireland was formally abolished in 1922, with the establishment of the Oireachtas under the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Irish_Free_State" title="Constitution of the Irish Free State">Constitution of the Irish Free State</a>. </p><p>The Oireachtas of the Irish Free State consisted of the <a href="/wiki/Irish_head_of_state_from_1922_to_1949" title="Irish head of state from 1922 to 1949">King</a> (represented by a <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_the_Irish_Free_State" title="Governor-General of the Irish Free State">Governor-General</a>) and two houses: Dáil Éireann (described as a "Chamber of Deputies") and Seanad Éireann. However, the <a href="/wiki/Seanad_%C3%89ireann_(Irish_Free_State)" title="Seanad Éireann (Irish Free State)">Free State Senate</a> was abolished in May 1936 and the role of the monarch was removed in December 1936. The modern Oireachtas came into being in December 1937, on the <a href="/wiki/Adoption_of_the_Constitution_of_Ireland" title="Adoption of the Constitution of Ireland">adoption of the Constitution of Ireland</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Broadcasting">Broadcasting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oireachtas&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Broadcasting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first Oireachtas radio and television broadcasts were of <a href="/wiki/List_of_addresses_to_the_Oireachtas" title="List of addresses to the Oireachtas">ceremonial addresses from dignitaries</a>, beginning with that of <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> during his 1963 state visit.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Regular radio broadcasting of edited Oireachtas proceedings began in October 1986, although <a href="/wiki/Government_budget" title="Government budget">budget</a> statements had already been broadcast live.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Television coverage of Dáil, Seanad, and committee proceedings began in 1990, 1991, and 1993 respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 2005 the proceedings of both houses have been made available over the internet by <a href="/wiki/HEAnet" title="HEAnet">HEAnet</a> and the <a href="/wiki/EDemocracy" class="mw-redirect" title="EDemocracy">eDemocracy</a> Unit of the Office of the Houses of the Oireachtas.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Houses_of_the_Oireachtas_Channel" class="mw-redirect" title="Houses of the Oireachtas Channel">Houses of the Oireachtas Channel</a> (publicly known as Oireachtas TV) is a digital television channel in Ireland.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It broadcasts Committee and Houses and other parliament proceedings following its establishment under the <a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_Act_2009" title="Broadcasting Act 2009">Broadcasting Act 2009</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 15 November 2011, it began broadcasting a pilot service on <a href="/wiki/UPC_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="UPC Ireland">UPC Ireland</a>. On 22 September 2014, the Houses launched the dedicated television channel Oireachtas TV, bringing unfiltered access to the parliamentary process to over one million households nationwide. The service is available free of charge on UPC Channel 207 and Sky Channel 574.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, the Oireachtas launched its first e-consultation.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Houses_of_the_Oireachtas_family_day">Houses of the Oireachtas family day</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oireachtas&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Houses of the Oireachtas family day"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 28 June 2008, the first Houses of the Oireachtas family day was held.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This initiative by the <a href="/wiki/Ceann_Comhairle" title="Ceann Comhairle">Ceann Comhairle</a> of <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil Éireann</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_O%27Donoghue_(politician)" title="John O'Donoghue (politician)">John O'Donoghue</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Cathaoirleach" title="Cathaoirleach">Cathaoirleach</a> of <a href="/wiki/Seanad_%C3%89ireann" title="Seanad Éireann">Seanad Éireann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pat_Moylan_(politician)" title="Pat Moylan (politician)">Pat Moylan</a> aimed to increase public awareness in the work of the Houses of the Oireachtas. It included tours of both chambers of the Oireachtas, lectures on the history of Oireachtas, historic political speeches recited by actors and a hot air balloon – commemorating the balloon flight which took place in 1785 from Leinster Lawn. The Oireachtas family day took place again in 2009,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but it has not been held since then.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Northern_Ireland_representation">Northern Ireland representation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oireachtas&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Northern Ireland representation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although, as adopted in 1937, Article 3 of the constitution asserted the "right of the parliament and government established by this constitution to exercise jurisdiction" over the whole of Ireland, it also provided that pending the "re-integration of the national territory"<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Acts of the Oireachtas would not apply to Northern Ireland. Therefore, no serious attempts have been made for the representation of Northern Ireland in the Dáil. As Taoiseach, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89amon_de_Valera" title="Éamon de Valera">Éamon de Valera</a>, while a staunch opponent of partition, and who had been elected to represent a Northern constituency in the <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann_(Irish_Republic)" title="Dáil Éireann (Irish Republic)">First Dáil</a>, did not pursue the idea of seats in the Dáil for Northern Ireland, on the grounds that this would amount to representation "without taxation or responsibility".<sup id="cite_ref-Coogan2015_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coogan2015-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beginning with <a href="/wiki/Seamus_Mallon" title="Seamus Mallon">Seamus Mallon</a> in 1982, one or more from Northern Ireland have been included among the eleven <a href="/wiki/Nominated_members_of_Seanad_%C3%89ireann" title="Nominated members of Seanad Éireann">Senators nominated by the Taoiseach</a> after most elections. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a> has advocated that Northern Ireland <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Northern Ireland Assembly">MLAs</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_House_of_Commons" class="mw-redirect" title="British House of Commons">MPs</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Member of the European Parliament">MEPs</a> should have the right to participate in Dáil debates, if not vote.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2005 the Taoiseach, <a href="/wiki/Bertie_Ahern" title="Bertie Ahern">Bertie Ahern</a>, proposed that Northern Ireland MPs should be able to address a <a href="/wiki/Committee_of_the_whole" title="Committee of the whole">committee of the whole</a> Dáil. However, <a href="/wiki/Fine_Gael" title="Fine Gael">Fine Gael</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Ireland)" title="Labour Party (Ireland)">Labour Party</a>, and Ahern's coalition partners, the <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Democrats" title="Progressive Democrats">Progressive Democrats</a>, all opposed the idea,<sup id="cite_ref-ill_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ill-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as did the <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(Ireland)" title="Green Party (Ireland)">Green Party</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(Ireland)" title="Socialist Party (Ireland)">Socialist Party</a> and some Oireachtas members from <a href="/wiki/Fianna_F%C3%A1il" title="Fianna Fáil">Fianna Fáil</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only Sinn Féin, the party that stood to gain most from the proposal, supported it, while the more moderate <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Labour_Party" title="Social Democratic and Labour Party">Social Democratic and Labour Party</a> (SDLP) described it as a step forward.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The proposal was also criticised widely in the media, with an editorial in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Irish_Times" title="The Irish Times">The Irish Times</a></i>, declaring that: "The overwhelming democratic imperative is that the institutions of this State should represent and serve the people of the State."<sup id="cite_ref-ill_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ill-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 2011, Northern Ireland MEPs had the same automatic right as MEPs from the Republic to participate in meetings of the Seanad's European committee, whereas other MEPs require an invitation.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This ended in 2020 when the United Kingdom left the EU, which consequently meant all UK MEPs left office. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Houses_of_the_Oireachtas_Commission">Houses of the Oireachtas Commission</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oireachtas&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Houses of the Oireachtas Commission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Commission"></span> While each house is empowered to organise its own business, they have always co-operated in practical matters arising from the fact that they share Leinster House as a common building complex. The <b>Houses of the Oireachtas Commission</b> was established by statute in 2003 to provide a formal structure for this, which was previously done by a joint committee. Non-political support staff, such as ushers and the English–Irish translation staff, are employed by this Commission and treated as part of the <a href="/wiki/Civil_Service_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland#Civil_Service_of_the_State" title="Civil Service of the Republic of Ireland">Civil Service of the State</a>. The Commission's <a href="/wiki/Chairperson" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairperson">chairperson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chief_executive" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief executive">chief executive</a> are the <a href="/wiki/Ceann_Comhairle" title="Ceann Comhairle">Ceann Comhairle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clerk_(legislature)" title="Clerk (legislature)">clerk</a> of the Dáil respectively; other members are the <a href="/wiki/Cathaoirleach" title="Cathaoirleach">Cathaoirleach</a> of the Seanad, one appointed by the <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Finance" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister for Finance">Minister for Finance</a>, four by the Dáil, and three by the Seanad.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Commission, through the translation department, is responsible for periodic updates to <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/An_Caighde%C3%A1n_Oifigi%C3%BAil" title="An Caighdeán Oifigiúil">An Caighdeán Oifigiúil</a></i></span>, the official standard form of the <a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish language</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oireachtas&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bicameralism" title="Bicameralism">Bicameralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_acts_of_the_Oireachtas" title="List of acts of the Oireachtas">List of acts of the Oireachtas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Records_of_members_of_the_Oireachtas" title="Records of members of the Oireachtas">Records of members of the Oireachtas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Families_in_the_Oireachtas" title="Families in the Oireachtas">Families in the Oireachtas</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oireachtas&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/dublin-td-joan-collins-leaves-i4c-to-found-new-party-right-to-change-8cf70tw9b">"Dublin TD Joan Collins leaves I4C to found new party Right to Change"</a>. <i>The Times</i>. 31 May 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200625084606/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/dublin-td-joan-collins-leaves-i4c-to-found-new-party-right-to-change-8cf70tw9b">Archived</a> from the original on 25 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Dublin+TD+Joan+Collins+leaves+I4C+to+found+new+party+Right+to+Change&rft.date=2020-05-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fdublin-td-joan-collins-leaves-i4c-to-found-new-party-right-to-change-8cf70tw9b&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOireachtas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806004610/https://www.lexico.com/definition/oireachtas">"Oireachtas"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Lexico" title="Lexico">Lexico</a> UK English Dictionary</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lexico.com/definition/Oireachtas">the original</a> on 6 August 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Oireachtas&rft.btitle=Lexico+UK+English+Dictionary&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexico.com%2Fdefinition%2FOireachtas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOireachtas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Oireachtas is described as the "National Parliament" in Article 15 of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ireland" title="Constitution of Ireland">Constitution of Ireland</a>, though this term is not an alternative official title.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ga-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Irish" title="Help:IPA/Irish">[ˈtʲɪhə<span class="wrap"> </span>ənˠ<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈɛɾʲaxt̪ˠəʃ]</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoodyCróinínMartinByrne1976" class="citation book cs1">Moody, Theodore William; Cróinín, Dáibhí Ó; Martin, Francis X.; Byrne, Francis John; Cosgrove, Art (5 May 1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2rwRDAAAQBAJ&q=oireacht&pg=PA878"><i>A New History of Ireland: Prehistoric and early Ireland</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780198217374" title="Special:BookSources/9780198217374"><bdi>9780198217374</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210922130543/https://books.google.com/books?id=2rwRDAAAQBAJ&q=oireacht&pg=PA878">Archived</a> from the original on 22 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2020</span> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+New+History+of+Ireland%3A+Prehistoric+and+early+Ireland&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1976-05-05&rft.isbn=9780198217374&rft.aulast=Moody&rft.aufirst=Theodore+William&rft.au=Cr%C3%B3in%C3%ADn%2C+D%C3%A1ibh%C3%AD+%C3%93&rft.au=Martin%2C+Francis+X.&rft.au=Byrne%2C+Francis+John&rft.au=Cosgrove%2C+Art&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2rwRDAAAQBAJ%26q%3Doireacht%26pg%3DPA878&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOireachtas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.courts.ie/Judgments.nsf/bce24a8184816f1580256ef30048ca50/ad1638c8122f48ef80257e04003f88df?OpenDocument">"Bederev -v- Ireland & ors : Judgments & Determinations"</a>. <i>Courts Service of Ireland</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151008051534/http://www.courts.ie/Judgments.nsf/bce24a8184816f1580256ef30048ca50/ad1638c8122f48ef80257e04003f88df?OpenDocument">Archived</a> from the original on 8 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Courts+Service+of+Ireland&rft.atitle=Bederev+-v-+Ireland+%26+ors+%3A+Judgments+%26+Determinations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.courts.ie%2FJudgments.nsf%2Fbce24a8184816f1580256ef30048ca50%2Fad1638c8122f48ef80257e04003f88df%3FOpenDocument&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOireachtas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rte.ie/archives/exhibitions/1722-john-f-kennedy/451915-president-kennedy-arrives-at-the-dil/">"President Kennedy Arrives at the Dáil"</a>. <i>RTÉ Archives</i>. 28 June 1963. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200407144904/https://www.rte.ie/archives/exhibitions/1722-john-f-kennedy/451915-president-kennedy-arrives-at-the-dil/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RT%C3%89+Archives&rft.atitle=President+Kennedy+Arrives+at+the+D%C3%A1il&rft.date=1963-06-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rte.ie%2Farchives%2Fexhibitions%2F1722-john-f-kennedy%2F451915-president-kennedy-arrives-at-the-dil%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOireachtas" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rte.ie/archives/2019/0110/1022429-first-dail-50th-anniversary/">"50th Anniversary of the First Dáil Marked at Mansion House"</a>. <i>RTÉ Archives</i>. 21 January 1969. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200407144940/https://www.rte.ie/archives/2019/0110/1022429-first-dail-50th-anniversary/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RT%C3%89+Archives&rft.atitle=50th+Anniversary+of+the+First+D%C3%A1il+Marked+at+Mansion+House&rft.date=1969-01-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rte.ie%2Farchives%2F2019%2F0110%2F1022429-first-dail-50th-anniversary%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOireachtas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/debate/seanad/1986-10-01/3/">"Broadcasting of Seanad Proceedings: Statement"</a>. <i>Seanad Éireann (17th Seanad) debates</i>. Oireachtas. 1 October 1986. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200407144900/https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/debate/seanad/1986-10-01/3/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Seanad+%C3%89ireann+%2817th+Seanad%29+debates&rft.atitle=Broadcasting+of+Seanad+Proceedings%3A+Statement&rft.date=1986-10-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oireachtas.ie%2Fen%2Fdebates%2Fdebate%2Fseanad%2F1986-10-01%2F3%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOireachtas" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rte.ie/archives/2016/1013/823818-oireachtas-broadcasting-service/">"Radio Transmissions From Oireachtas, 1986"</a>. <i>RTÉ Archives</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200407144904/https://www.rte.ie/archives/2016/1013/823818-oireachtas-broadcasting-service/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RT%C3%89+Archives&rft.atitle=Radio+Transmissions+From+Oireachtas%2C+1986&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rte.ie%2Farchives%2F2016%2F1013%2F823818-oireachtas-broadcasting-service%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOireachtas" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoriarty1986" class="citation news cs1">Moriarty, Theresa (8 October 1986). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/archive/1986/1008/Pg025.html#Ar02507">"Mikes make Oireachtas media-shy"</a></span>. <i>The Irish Times</i>. p. 25<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oireachtas+TV+documentaries&rft.atitle=Through+a+Lens+%E2%80%94+Leinster+House+25+Years+on+TV&rft.date=2015-12-31&rft.aulast=Bowman&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oireachtas.ie%2Fen%2Foireachtas-tv%2Foireachtas-tv-productions%2Foireachtas-tv-documentaries%2F1008%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOireachtas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080504112212/http://www.oir.ie/ViewDoc.asp?fn=%2Fdocuments%2Flivewebcast%2FWeb-Live.htm&CatID=83&m=w">"live broadcasts"</a>. Oireachtas. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sunday+Business+Post&rft.atitle=D%C3%A1il+TV+station+to+be+unveiled+this+week&rft.date=2008-05-11&rft.aulast=Kehoe&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.tcm.ie%2Fbusinesspost%2F2008%2F05%2F11%2Fstory32805.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOireachtas" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged March 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=/documents/bills28/acts/2009/a1809.pdf">"(Number 29 of 2008) – Tithe an Oireachtais"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%28Number+29+of+2008%29+%E2%80%93+Tithe+an+Oireachtais&rft.pub=Oireachtas&rft.date=2009-11-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oireachtas.ie%2Fviewdoc.asp%3Ffn%3D%2Fdocuments%2Fbills28%2Facts%2F2009%2Fa1809.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOireachtas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irlgov.ie/oireachtas/leaflet/tv.html">"Parliamentary Televising"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal.ie&rft.atitle=Open+the+D%C3%A1il+and+Seanad+chambers+to+the+public%2C+says+TD&rft.date=2012-02-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejournal.ie%2Fopen-the-dail-and-seanad-chambers-to-the-public-says-td-349891-Feb2012%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOireachtas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160209115852/https://www.constitution.ie/Documents/Bhunreacht_na_hEireann_web.pdf">"CONSTITUTION OF IRELAND"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Constitution.ie</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Constitution.ie&rft.atitle=CONSTITUTION+OF+IRELAND&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.constitution.ie%2FDocuments%2FBhunreacht_na_hEireann_web.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOireachtas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Coogan2015-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Coogan2015_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoogan2015" class="citation book cs1">Coogan, Tim Pat (16 December 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5CFlCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT693"><i>De Valera: Long Fellow, Long Shadow</i></a>. Head of Zeus. p. 644. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781784975371" title="Special:BookSources/9781784975371"><bdi>9781784975371</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170423152127/https://books.google.com/books?id=5CFlCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT693">Archived</a> from the original on 23 April 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=De+Valera%3A+Long+Fellow%2C+Long+Shadow&rft.pages=644&rft.pub=Head+of+Zeus&rft.date=2015-12-16&rft.isbn=9781784975371&rft.aulast=Coogan&rft.aufirst=Tim+Pat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5CFlCwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT693&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOireachtas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.agendani.com/dail-reform-committee-says-no-to-northern-oireachtas-representation/">Dáil Reform Committee says no to northern Oireachtas representation</a>, agendaNi, September 2022</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ill-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ill_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ill_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/ahern-proposal-on-mps-ill-advised-1.1261957">Ahern proposal on MPs ill-advised</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180322081817/https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/ahern-proposal-on-mps-ill-advised-1.1261957">Archived</a> 22 March 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Irish_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Times">Irish Times</a></i>, 29 October 2005</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/most-deputies-oppose-dail-speaking-rights-for-mps-26211440.html">Most deputies oppose Dail speaking rights for MPs</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180322082010/https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/most-deputies-oppose-dail-speaking-rights-for-mps-26211440.html">Archived</a> 22 March 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Sunday_Independent_(Ireland)" title="Sunday Independent (Ireland)">Sunday Independent</a></i>, 7 August 2005</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ahern-plan-to-give-north-mps-dail-rights-rejected-1.511570">Ahern plan to give North MPs Dail rights rejected</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180322081757/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ahern-plan-to-give-north-mps-dail-rights-rejected-1.511570">Archived</a> 22 March 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Irish_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Times">Irish Times</a></i>, 28 October 2005</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oireachtasdebates.oireachtas.ie/debates%20authoring/debateswebpack.nsf/takes/seanad2011061600007">"Standing Orders: Motion"</a>. <i>Seanad Éireann debates</i>. 16 June 2011. pp. Standing Order 70A(6). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160605111419/http://oireachtasdebates.oireachtas.ie/debates%20authoring/debateswebpack.nsf/takes/seanad2011061600007">Archived</a> from the original on 5 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Seanad+%C3%89ireann+debates&rft.atitle=Standing+Orders%3A+Motion&rft.pages=Standing+Order+70A%286%29&rft.date=2011-06-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foireachtasdebates.oireachtas.ie%2Fdebates%2520authoring%2Fdebateswebpack.nsf%2Ftakes%2Fseanad2011061600007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOireachtas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oireachtas.ie/parliament/about/commission/">"The Houses of the Oireachtas Commission"</a>. Oireachtas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160403093421/http://www.oireachtas.ie/parliament/about/commission/">Archived</a> from the original on 3 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Houses+of+the+Oireachtas+Commission&rft.pub=Oireachtas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oireachtas.ie%2Fparliament%2Fabout%2Fcommission%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOireachtas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2003/act/28/enacted/en/index.html">"Houses of the Oireachtas Commission Act 2003"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Irish_Statute_Book" title="Irish Statute Book">Irish Statute Book</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160409155506/http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2003/act/28/enacted/en/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Irish+Statute+Book&rft.atitle=Houses+of+the+Oireachtas+Commission+Act+2003&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishstatutebook.ie%2Feli%2F2003%2Fact%2F28%2Fenacted%2Fen%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOireachtas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2013/act/3/section/3/enacted/en/html#sec3">"Houses of the Oireachtas Commission (Amendment) Act 2013, Section 3"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Irish_Statute_Book" title="Irish Statute Book">Irish Statute Book</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160409151140/http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2013/act/3/section/3/enacted/en/html#sec3">Archived</a> from the original on 9 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Irish+Statute+Book&rft.atitle=Houses+of+the+Oireachtas+Commission+%28Amendment%29+Act+2013%2C+Section+3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishstatutebook.ie%2Feli%2F2013%2Fact%2F3%2Fsection%2F3%2Fenacted%2Fen%2Fhtml%23sec3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOireachtas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oireachtas&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Irish_history" title="Timeline of Irish history">Timeline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Ireland" title="Prehistoric Ireland">Prehistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protohistory_of_Ireland" title="Protohistory of Ireland">Protohistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(400%E2%80%93800)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Ireland (400–800)">Early history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Ireland" title="Gaelic Ireland">Gaelic Ireland</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lordship_of_Ireland" title="Lordship of Ireland">Lordship of Ireland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(800%E2%80%931169)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Ireland (800–1169)">800–1169</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(1169%E2%80%931536)" title="History of Ireland (1169–1536)">1169–1536</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Ireland" title="Kingdom of Ireland">Kingdom of Ireland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(1536%E2%80%931691)" title="History of Ireland (1536–1691)">1536–1691</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(1691%E2%80%931800)" title="History of Ireland (1691–1800)">1691–1800</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(1801%E2%80%931923)" title="History of Ireland (1801–1923)">1801–1923</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republic" title="Irish Republic">Irish Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ireland_(1921%E2%80%931922)" title="Southern Ireland (1921–1922)">Southern Ireland (1921–1922)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> (1921–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Northern_Ireland" title="History of Northern Ireland">since 1922</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Free_State" title="Irish Free State">Irish Free State (1922–1937)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="History of the Republic of Ireland">Ireland (since 1922)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tara_(Ireland)" title="Battle of Tara (Ireland)">Battles of Tara</a> / <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Glenmama" title="Battle of Glenmama">Glenmama</a> / <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Clontarf" title="Battle of Clontarf">Clontarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Norman_invasion_of_Ireland" title="Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland">Norman invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_campaign_in_Ireland" title="Bruce campaign in Ireland">Bruce campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Death" title="Black Death">Black Death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tudor_conquest_of_Ireland" title="Tudor conquest of Ireland">Tudor conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmond_Rebellions" title="Desmond Rebellions">Desmond Rebellions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armada_in_Ireland" title="Spanish Armada in Ireland">Spanish Armada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Years%27_War_(Ireland)" title="Nine Years' War (Ireland)">Tyrone's Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flight_of_the_Earls" title="Flight of the Earls">Flight of the Earls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plantation_of_Ulster" title="Plantation of Ulster">Plantation of Ulster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Rebellion_of_1641" title="Irish Rebellion of 1641">1641 Rebellion</a> / <a href="/wiki/Irish_Confederate_Wars" title="Irish Confederate Wars">Confederate War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cromwellian_conquest_of_Ireland" title="Cromwellian conquest of Ireland">Cromwellian conquest</a> / <a href="/wiki/Act_for_the_Settlement_of_Ireland_1652" title="Act for the Settlement of Ireland 1652">Settlement of 1652</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williamite_War_in_Ireland" title="Williamite War in Ireland">Williamite War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penal_laws_(Ireland)" title="Penal laws (Ireland)">Penal Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Famine_(1740%E2%80%931741)" title="Irish Famine (1740–1741)">First Great Famine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Rebellion_of_1798" title="Irish Rebellion of 1798">1798 Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1800" title="Acts of Union 1800">Act of Union (1800)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_rebellion_of_1803" title="Irish rebellion of 1803">1803 Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tithe_War" title="Tithe War">Tithe War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Famine_(Ireland)" title="Great Famine (Ireland)">Second Great Famine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_War" title="Land War">Land War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenian_Rising" title="Fenian Rising">Fenian Rising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dublin_lock-out" title="Dublin lock-out">Dublin lock-out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ireland_Act_1914" title="Government of Ireland Act 1914">Home Rule crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Rising" title="Easter Rising">Easter Rising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_War_of_Independence" title="Irish War of Independence">War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Irish_Treaty" title="Anglo-Irish Treaty">Anglo-Irish Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Civil_War" title="Irish Civil War">Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Emergency_(Ireland)" title="The Emergency (Ireland)">The Emergency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_campaign_(Irish_Republican_Army)" title="Northern campaign (Irish Republican Army)">IRA Northern Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_campaign_(Irish_Republican_Army)" title="Border campaign (Irish Republican Army)">IRA Border Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">The Troubles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_peace_process" title="Northern Ireland peace process">Peace process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Economy of the Republic of Ireland">Economy of the Republic of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Tiger" title="Celtic Tiger">Celtic Tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-2008_Irish_economic_downturn" title="Post-2008 Irish economic downturn">Post-2008 Irish economic downturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-2008_Irish_banking_crisis" title="Post-2008 Irish banking crisis">Post-2008 Irish banking crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_conflicts_in_Ireland" title="List of conflicts in Ireland">List of conflicts in Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Celtic_peoples_and_tribes#Goidels_/_Gaels_/_Hibernians" title="List of ancient Celtic peoples and tribes">List of Irish tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_kingdoms" title="List of Irish kingdoms">List of Irish kingdoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_High_Kings_of_Ireland" title="List of High Kings of Ireland">List of High Kings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Ireland#Dress" title="Gaelic Ireland">Gaelic clothing and fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the Republic of Ireland">List of World Heritage Sites in the Republic of Ireland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Geography" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Ireland" title="Geography of Ireland">Geography</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Natural</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Ireland" title="Climate of Ireland">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Climate change in the Republic of Ireland">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_landforms_of_Ireland" title="Coastal landforms of Ireland">Coastline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_points_of_Ireland" title="Extreme points of Ireland">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Ireland" title="Fauna of Ireland">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Ireland" title="List of islands of Ireland">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_loughs_of_Ireland" title="List of loughs of Ireland">Loughs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_mountains_in_Ireland" title="Lists of mountains in Ireland">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivers_of_Ireland" title="Rivers of Ireland">Rivers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Ireland" title="List of rivers of Ireland">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="List of national parks of the Republic of Ireland">List of national parks of the Republic of Ireland</a> / <a href="/wiki/National_parks_of_the_United_Kingdom#National_parks_in_Northern_Ireland" title="National parks of the United Kingdom">in Northern Ireland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Human</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Ireland" title="Architecture of Ireland">Architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_buildings_in_Ireland" title="List of buildings in Ireland">Notable buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_structures_in_Ireland" title="List of tallest structures in Ireland">Tallest buildings and structures</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_status_in_Ireland" title="City status in Ireland">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Ireland" title="Counties of Ireland">Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Demographics of the Republic of Ireland">Demographics of the Republic of Ireland</a> / <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Demographics of Northern Ireland">of Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ports_in_Ireland" title="List of ports in Ireland">Ports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Ireland" title="Provinces of Ireland">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_border" title="Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border">ROI–UK border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_towns_in_Ireland" title="Lists of towns in Ireland">Towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Tourism in the Republic of Ireland">Tourism in the Republic of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Ireland" title="List of tourist attractions in Ireland">Tourist attractions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Ireland" title="Transport in Ireland">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Politics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Politics of the Republic of Ireland">Politics</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Ideologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_nationalism" title="Irish nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_republicanism" title="Irish republicanism">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_loyalism" title="Ulster loyalism">Ulster loyalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_Ireland" title="Unionism in Ireland">Unionism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Politics of the Republic of Ireland">Republic of Ireland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ireland" title="Constitution of Ireland">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Economy of the Republic of Ireland">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Education in the Republic of Ireland">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Ireland" title="Foreign relations of Ireland">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ireland" title="Government of Ireland">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Local government in the Republic of Ireland">local</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Law of the Republic of Ireland">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the Republic of Ireland">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Oireachtas</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">parliament</span></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann"><i>Dáil Éireann</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(lower house)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seanad_%C3%89ireann" title="Seanad Éireann"><i>Seanad Éireann</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(upper house)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Ireland" title="President of Ireland">President</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Taxation in the Republic of Ireland">Taxation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Politics of Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Northern Ireland Assembly">Assembly</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt method</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Economy of Northern Ireland">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Education in Northern Ireland">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Executive" title="Northern Ireland Executive">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Local government in Northern Ireland">local</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Northern_Ireland" title="LGBT rights in Northern Ireland">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_peace_process" title="Northern Ireland peace process">Peace process</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Culture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Ireland" title="Culture of Ireland">Culture</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Irish_cuisine" title="Irish cuisine">Cuisine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Food</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_dishes" title="List of Irish dishes">List of dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barmbrack" title="Barmbrack">Barmbrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacon_and_cabbage" title="Bacon and cabbage">Bacon and cabbage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxty" title="Boxty">Boxty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champ_(food)" title="Champ (food)">Champ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coddle" title="Coddle">Coddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colcannon" title="Colcannon">Colcannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drisheen" title="Drisheen">Drisheen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_breakfast#Ireland" title="Full breakfast">Irish fry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skirts_and_kidneys" title="Skirts and kidneys">Skirts and kidneys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soda_bread" title="Soda bread">Soda bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spice_bag" title="Spice bag">Spice Bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_stew" title="Irish stew">Stew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3-in-1_(fast_food_dish)" title="3-in-1 (fast food dish)">Three-in-One</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Drinks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_coffee" title="Irish coffee">Coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_cream" title="Irish cream">Cream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinness" title="Guinness">Guinness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Mist" title="Irish Mist">Mist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poit%C3%ADn" title="Poitín">Poitín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_breakfast_tea" title="Irish breakfast tea">Tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_whiskey" title="Irish whiskey">Whiskey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Irish_dance" title="Irish dance">Dance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jig" title="Jig">Jig</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sean-n%C3%B3s_dance" title="Sean-nós dance">Sean-nós</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_set_dancing" title="Irish set dancing">Set dancing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_stepdance" title="Irish stepdance">Stepdance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Festivals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imbolc" title="Imbolc">Imbolc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Patrick%27s_Day" title="Saint Patrick's Day">Saint Patrick's Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beltane" title="Beltane">Bealtaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Twelfth" title="The Twelfth">The Twelfth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lughnasadh" title="Lughnasadh">Lúnasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_of_Tralee_(festival)" title="Rose of Tralee (festival)">Rose of Tralee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samhain" title="Samhain">Samhain</a> / <a href="/wiki/Halloween" title="Halloween">Halloween</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wren_Day" title="Wren Day">Wren Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Ireland" title="Languages of Ireland">Languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hiberno-English" title="Hiberno-English">Hiberno-English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelta" title="Shelta">Shelta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Scots_dialect" title="Ulster Scots dialect">Ulster Scots</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Irish_literature" title="Irish literature">Literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_annals" title="Irish annals">Annals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_prose_fiction" title="Irish prose fiction">Fiction</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Modern_literature_in_Irish" title="Modern literature in Irish">Gaeilge</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_poetry" title="Irish poetry">Poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_theatre" title="Irish theatre">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triads_of_Ireland" title="Triads of Ireland">Triads</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Ireland" title="Music of Ireland">Music</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_ballads" title="List of Irish ballads">Ballads</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A8ilidh" title="Cèilidh">Céilí</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_traditional_music" title="Irish traditional music">Folk music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_traditional_music_session" title="Irish traditional music session">session</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Irish_musical_instruments" title="Category:Irish musical instruments">Instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Ireland" title="Rock music in Ireland">Rock music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Irish_singing" title="Traditional Irish singing">Traditional singing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Irish_mythology" title="Irish mythology">Mythology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_mythology#Mythological_cycle" title="Irish mythology">Cycles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mythological_Cycle" title="Mythological Cycle">Mythological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenian_Cycle" title="Fenian Cycle">Fenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Cycle" title="Ulster Cycle">Ulster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycles_of_the_Kings" title="Cycles of the Kings">Kings</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aos_S%C3%AD" title="Aos Sí">Aos Sí</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Echtra" title="Echtra">Echtrai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Immram" title="Immram">Immrama</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tuatha_D%C3%A9_Danann" title="Tuatha Dé Danann">Tuatha Dé Danann</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Firbolg" class="mw-redirect" title="Firbolg">Firbolg</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fomorians" title="Fomorians">Fomorians</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Irish_legendary_creatures" title="Category:Irish legendary creatures">Legendary creatures</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Irish_people" title="Irish people">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Irish_people" title="Anglo-Irish people">Anglo-Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaels" title="Gaels">Gaels</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Ireland" title="Gaelic Ireland">Gaelic Ireland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normans_in_Ireland" title="Normans in Ireland">Hiberno-Normans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_diaspora" title="Irish diaspora">Irish diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_people" title="List of Irish people">List of Irish people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Travellers" title="Irish Travellers">Travellers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Scots_people" title="Ulster Scots people">Ulster Scots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yola_people" title="Yola people">Yola</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Ireland" title="Sport in Ireland">Sport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_football_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Association football in the Republic of Ireland">Association football in the Republic of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_football_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Association football in Northern Ireland">Association football in Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camogie" title="Camogie">Camogie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_football" title="Gaelic football">Gaelic football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_handball" title="Gaelic handball">Gaelic handball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurling" title="Hurling">Hurling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_martial_arts" title="Irish martial arts">Martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_road_bowling" title="Irish road bowling">Road bowling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rounders" title="Rounders">Rounders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_union_in_Ireland" title="Rugby union in Ireland">Rugby union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Category:National_symbols_of_Ireland" title="Category:National symbols of Ireland">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brigid%27s_cross" title="Brigid's cross">Brighid's Cross</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Celtic_harp" title="Celtic harp">Cláirseach</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_Ireland" title="Armorial of Ireland">County coats of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_flags_of_Ireland" title="List of flags of Ireland">Flags</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_flags_issue" title="Northern Ireland flags issue">Northern Ireland flags issue</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Wolfhound" title="Irish Wolfhound">Irish Wolfhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland" title="Coat of arms of Ireland">National coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hand_of_Ulster" title="Red Hand of Ulster">Red Hand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamrock" title="Shamrock">Shamrock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_calendar" title="Irish calendar">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_castles_in_Ireland" title="List of castles in Ireland">Castles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Ireland" title="Cinema of Ireland">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the Republic of Ireland">Heritage Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historic_houses_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="List of historic houses in the Republic of Ireland">Historic houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Ireland" title="Homelessness in Ireland">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Mass media in the Republic of Ireland">Mass media (Republic)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monastic_houses_in_Ireland" title="List of monastic houses in Ireland">Monastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_name" title="Irish name">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_names_in_Ireland" title="Place names in Ireland">Place names</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_place_names_in_other_countries" title="List of Irish place names in other countries">outside Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Prostitution in the Republic of Ireland">Prostitution (Republic)</a> / <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Prostitution in Northern Ireland">in Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Public holidays in the Republic of Ireland">Public holidays in the Republic of Ireland</a> / <a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_United_Kingdom#Dates_in_England,_Northern_Ireland,_and_Wales" title="Public holidays in the United Kingdom">in Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_pub" title="Irish pub">Public houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting_in_Ireland" title="Squatting in Ireland">Squatting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Four_Provinces_Flag.svg/32px-Four_Provinces_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Four_Provinces_Flag.svg/48px-Four_Provinces_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Four_Provinces_Flag.svg/64px-Four_Provinces_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1320" data-file-height="680" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ireland" title="Portal:Ireland">Ireland portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_bicameral_legislatures" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_bicameral_legislatures" title="Template:National bicameral legislatures"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_bicameral_legislatures" title="Template talk:National bicameral legislatures"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_bicameral_legislatures" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National bicameral legislatures"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_bicameral_legislatures" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">National <a href="/wiki/Bicameralism" title="Bicameralism">bicameral</a> <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislatures</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federation" title="Federation">Federal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Argentina" title="National Congress of Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Australia" title="Parliament of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Parliament" title="Austrian Parliament">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Federal_Parliament" title="Belgian Federal Parliament">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Assembly_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Brazil" title="National Congress of Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Canada" title="Parliament of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Egypt" title="Parliament of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Parliamentary_Assembly" title="Federal Parliamentary Assembly">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_India" title="Parliament of India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Malaysia" title="Parliament of Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Union" title="Congress of the Union">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Parliament_of_Nepal" title="Federal Parliament of Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Nigeria)" title="National Assembly (Nigeria)">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Pakistan" title="Parliament of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Assembly_(Russia)" title="Federal Assembly (Russia)">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Parliament_of_Somalia" title="Federal Parliament of Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Legislature_(South_Sudan)" title="National Legislature (South Sudan)">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Legislature_(Sudan)" title="National Legislature (Sudan)">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Assembly_(Switzerland)" title="Federal Assembly (Switzerland)">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Algeria" title="Parliament of Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Parliament of Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Bahamas" title="Parliament of the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Bahrain)" title="National Assembly (Bahrain)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Barbados" title="Parliament of Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_the_Republic_of_Belarus" title="National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Belize)" title="National Assembly (Belize)">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Bhutan" title="Parliament of Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plurinational_Legislative_Assembly" title="Plurinational Legislative Assembly">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Burundi" title="Parliament of Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Cambodia" title="Parliament of Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Cameroon" title="Parliament of Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Chile" title="National Congress of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Colombia" title="Congress of Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Parliament of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Parliament of the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Parliament of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Congress of the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Parliament of Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Eswatini" title="Parliament of Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Parliament" title="French Parliament">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Gabon" title="Parliament of Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Grenada" title="Parliament of Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Haiti)" title="National Assembly (Haiti)">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Consultative_Assembly" title="People's Consultative Assembly">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Parliament" title="Italian Parliament">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Ivory_Coast" title="Parliament of Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Jamaica" title="Parliament of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Diet" title="National Diet">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Jordan" title="Parliament of Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Kazakhstan" title="Parliament of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Kenya" title="Parliament of Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Lesotho" title="Parliament of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislature_of_Liberia" title="Legislature of Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Madagascar" title="Parliament of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Morocco" title="Parliament of Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyidaungsu_Hluttaw" title="Pyidaungsu Hluttaw">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Namibia" title="Parliament of Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/States_General_of_the_Netherlands" title="States General of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Oman" title="Council of Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palau_National_Congress" title="Palau National Congress">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Paraguay" title="Congress of Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="Congress of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Poland" title="Parliament of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Romania" title="Parliament of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Rwanda" title="Parliament of Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Parliament of Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Parliament" title="Slovenian Parliament">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa" title="Parliament of South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortes_Generales" title="Cortes Generales">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Assembly_(Tajikistan)" title="Supreme Assembly (Tajikistan)">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Thailand)" title="National Assembly (Thailand)">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Turkmenistan" title="National Council of Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_Uruguay" title="General Assembly of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliy_Majlis" title="Oliy Majlis">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Zimbabwe" title="Parliament of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent and<br />other territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa_Fono" title="American Samoa Fono">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Bermuda" title="Parliament of Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tynwald" title="Tynwald">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands_Commonwealth_Legislature" title="Northern Mariana Islands Commonwealth Legislature">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">Non-UN states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Somaliland" title="Parliament of Somaliland">Somaliland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Venezuela" title="Congress of Venezuela">Venezuela (1811-1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_Congress" title="Confederate States Congress">Confederate States (1862–1865)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Czechoslovakia)" title="National Assembly (Czechoslovakia)">Czechoslovakia (1920–1939)</a> <a href="/wiki/Federal_Assembly_(Czechoslovakia)" title="Federal Assembly (Czechoslovakia)">(1969–1992)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riigikogu#Division" title="Riigikogu">Estonia (1938–1940)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Serbia#History" class="mw-redirect" title="Assembly of Serbia">Serbia (1901–1903)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Soviet_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union">Soviet Union (1938–1991)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Republic_of_Texas" title="Congress of the Republic of Texas">Texas (1836–1845)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Yugoslavia" title="Assembly of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia (1931–1939, 1945–1963, 1974–1992)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliament of Serbia and Montenegro">FR Yugoslavia (1992–2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="General Assembly of the Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire (1876–1878, 1908–1920)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unicameralism" title="Unicameralism">Unicameralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricameralism" title="Tricameralism">Tricameralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multicameralism" title="Multicameralism">Multicameralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_legislatures_by_country" title="List of legislatures by country">List of legislatures by country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_unicameral_legislatures" title="Template:National unicameral legislatures">National unicameral legislatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_lower_houses" title="Template:National lower houses">National lower houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_upper_houses" title="Template:National upper houses">National upper houses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_legislatures_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Parliaments_in_Europe" title="Template:Parliaments in Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Parliaments_in_Europe" title="Template talk:Parliaments in Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Parliaments_in_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Parliaments in Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_legislatures_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">National legislatures in Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Albania" title="Parliament of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Council_(Andorra)" title="General Council (Andorra)">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Armenia)" title="National Assembly (Armenia)">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Parliament" title="Austrian Parliament">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Azerbaijan)" title="National Assembly (Azerbaijan)">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_the_Republic_of_Belarus" title="National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Federal_Parliament" title="Belgian Federal Parliament">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Assembly_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Bulgaria)" title="National Assembly (Bulgaria)">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Parliament" title="Croatian Parliament">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Cyprus)" title="House of Representatives (Cyprus)">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Parliament of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folketing" title="Folketing">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riigikogu" title="Riigikogu">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Finland" title="Parliament of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Parliament" title="French Parliament">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Georgia" title="Parliament of Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Parliament" title="Hellenic Parliament">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Hungary)" title="National Assembly (Hungary)">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Althing" title="Althing">Iceland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Parliament" title="Italian Parliament">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Kazakhstan" title="Parliament of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saeima" title="Saeima">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landtag_of_Liechtenstein" title="Landtag of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seimas" title="Seimas">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Luxembourg)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Luxembourg)">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Malta" title="Parliament of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Moldova" title="Parliament of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_(Monaco)" title="National Council (Monaco)">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Montenegro" title="Parliament of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/States_General_of_the_Netherlands" title="States General of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_North_Macedonia" title="Assembly of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storting" title="Storting">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Poland" title="Parliament of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Portugal)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Romania" title="Parliament of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Assembly_(Russia)" title="Federal Assembly (Russia)">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_and_General_Council" title="Grand and General Council">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Serbia)" title="National Assembly (Serbia)">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_(Slovakia)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Council (Slovakia)">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Parliament" title="Slovenian Parliament">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortes_Generales" title="Cortes Generales">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riksdag" title="Riksdag">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Assembly_(Switzerland)" title="Federal Assembly (Switzerland)">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_National_Assembly_of_Turkey" title="Grand National Assembly of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Northern Ireland Assembly">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament" title="Scottish Parliament">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senedd" title="Senedd">Wales</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Vatican_City_State" title="Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Assembly_of_Abkhazia" title="People's Assembly of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_of_Kosovo" title="Assembly of the Republic of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Northern_Cyprus)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Northern Cyprus)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Ossetia" title="Parliament of South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Council_(Transnistria)" title="Supreme Council (Transnistria)">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_%C3%85land" title="Parliament of Åland">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%B8gting" title="Løgting">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Parliament" title="Gibraltar Parliament">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/States_of_Guernsey" title="States of Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> 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