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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_compositions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_compositions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 First compositions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_compositions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Composing_for_radio,_television,_and_pop_artists" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Composing_for_radio,_television,_and_pop_artists"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1.1 Composing for radio, television, and pop artists </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Composing_for_radio,_television,_and_pop_artists-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-First_film_scores" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_film_scores"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1.2 First film scores </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_film_scores-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Group_and_New_Consonance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Group_and_New_Consonance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 The Group and New Consonance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Group_and_New_Consonance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Film_music_genres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film_music_genres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Film music genres </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film_music_genres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Comedy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comedy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.1 Comedy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comedy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Westerns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Westerns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.2 Westerns </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Westerns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Association_with_Sergio_Leone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Association_with_Sergio_Leone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.2.1 Association with Sergio Leone </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Association_with_Sergio_Leone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Dollars_Trilogy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Dollars_Trilogy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.2.2 The Dollars Trilogy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Dollars_Trilogy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Once_Upon_a_Time_in_the_West_and_others" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Once_Upon_a_Time_in_the_West_and_others"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.2.3 Once Upon a Time in the West and others </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Once_Upon_a_Time_in_the_West_and_others-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Association_with_Sergio_Corbucci_and_Sergio_Sollima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Association_with_Sergio_Corbucci_and_Sergio_Sollima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.2.4 Association with Sergio Corbucci and Sergio Sollima </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Association_with_Sergio_Corbucci_and_Sergio_Sollima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_westerns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_westerns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.3 Other westerns </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_westerns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dramas_and_political_movies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dramas_and_political_movies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.4 Dramas and political movies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dramas_and_political_movies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Giallo_and_Horror" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Giallo_and_Horror"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.5 Giallo and Horror </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Giallo_and_Horror-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hollywood_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hollywood_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Hollywood career </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hollywood_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1970–1985:_From_Two_Mules_to_Red_Sonja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1970–1985:_From_Two_Mules_to_Red_Sonja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4.1 1970–1985: From Two Mules to Red Sonja </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1970–1985:_From_Two_Mules_to_Red_Sonja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1986–2020:_From_The_Mission_to_The_Hateful_Eight" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1986–2020:_From_The_Mission_to_The_Hateful_Eight"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4.2 1986–2020: From The Mission to The Hateful Eight </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1986–2020:_From_The_Mission_to_The_Hateful_Eight-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Association_with_De_Palma_and_Levinson" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Association_with_De_Palma_and_Levinson"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4.3 Association with De Palma and Levinson </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Association_with_De_Palma_and_Levinson-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_notable_Hollywood_scores" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_notable_Hollywood_scores"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4.4 Other notable Hollywood scores </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_notable_Hollywood_scores-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Association_with_Quentin_Tarantino" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Association_with_Quentin_Tarantino"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4.5 Association with Quentin Tarantino </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Association_with_Quentin_Tarantino-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Composer_for_Giuseppe_Tornatore" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Composer_for_Giuseppe_Tornatore"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Composer for Giuseppe Tornatore </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Composer_for_Giuseppe_Tornatore-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television_series_and_last_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television_series_and_last_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 Television series and last works </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television_series_and_last_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Live_performances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Live_performances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Live performances </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Live_performances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life_and_death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life_and_death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Personal life and death </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life_and_death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Influence </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Discography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Awards and honors </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 General sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Ennio Morricone</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 83 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-83" aria-hidden="true" > 83 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A" title="إنيو موريكوني – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إنيو موريكوني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%B6%D5%AB%D6%85_%D5%84%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AB%D6%84%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A7" title="Էնիօ Մորիքոնէ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Էնիօ Մորիքոնէ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morrikone" title="Ennio Morrikone – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ennio Morrikone" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87" title="انیو موریکونه – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="انیو موریکونه" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%93_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87" title="এননিও মোররিকোনে – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="এননিও মোররিকোনে" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8D" title="Эніа Марыконэ – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Эніа Марыконэ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%91_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8D" title="Эньё Марыконэ – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Эньё Марыконэ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Енио Мориконе – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Енио Мориконе" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%AD%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE" title="Морриконе Эннио – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Морриконе Эннио" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%88%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CE%9C%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B5" title="Ένιο Μορικόνε – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ένιο Μορικόνε" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87" title="انیو موریکونه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انیو موریکونه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%94%EB%8B%88%EC%98%A4_%EB%AA%A8%EB%A6%AC%EC%BD%94%EB%84%A4" title="엔니오 모리코네 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="엔니오 모리코네" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%B8_%D5%84%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A5" title="Էնիո Մորիկոնե – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էնիո Մորիկոնե" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%94" title="אניו מוריקונה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אניו מוריקונה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94" title="ენიო მორიკონე – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ენიო მორიკონე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennius_Morricone" title="Ennius Morricone – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ennius Morricone" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morrikone" title="Ennio Morrikone – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ennio Morrikone" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Енио Мориконе – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Енио Мориконе" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94" title="ენიო მორიკონე – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ენიო მორიკონე" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D9%89" title="انيو موريكونى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="انيو موريكونى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Эннио Морриконе – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Эннио Морриконе" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B3%E3%83%8B%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A2%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8D" title="エンニオ・モリコーネ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エンニオ・モリコーネ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%90%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%93_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A8" title="ਐਨੀਓ ਮੋਰੀਕੋਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਐਨੀਓ ਮੋਰੀਕੋਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5,_%D0%AD%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE" title="Морриконе, Эннио – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Морриконе, Эннио" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enniu_Morriconi" title="Enniu Morriconi – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Enniu Morriconi" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Енио Мориконе – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Енио Мориконе" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD_%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99" title="เอนนิโอ มอร์ริโคเน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เอนนิโอ มอร์ริโคเน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8E_%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Эннию Муррикуне – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Эннию Муррикуне" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ennio Morricone" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Енніо Морріконе – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Енніо Морріконе" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Italian composer and conductor (1928–2020)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard plainlist"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de; font-size: 125%;"><div class="">Ennio Morricone</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 78%; font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Merit_of_the_Italian_Republic" title="Order of Merit of the Italian Republic">OMRI</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Ennio_Morricone_Cannes_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Morricone in 2007"><img alt="Morricone in 2007" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Ennio_Morricone_Cannes_2007.jpg/220px-Ennio_Morricone_Cannes_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="332" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Ennio_Morricone_Cannes_2007.jpg/330px-Ennio_Morricone_Cannes_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Ennio_Morricone_Cannes_2007.jpg/440px-Ennio_Morricone_Cannes_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1371" data-file-height="2067" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Morricone in 2007</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de">Background information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Birth name</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Ennio Morricone</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Also known as</th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Maestro</li><li>Dan Savio</li><li>Leo Nichols</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">(1928-11-10)10 November 1928 <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">6 July 2020(2020-07-06) (aged 91) Rome, Italy</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genres</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_score" title="Film score">Film score</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Classical_music" title="Classical music">classical</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Absolute_music" title="Absolute music">absolute music</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Pop_music" title="Pop music">pop</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music" title="Rock music">rock</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Avant-garde_music" title="Avant-garde music">avant-garde</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Composer</li><li><a href="/wiki/Orchestrator" class="mw-redirect" title="Orchestrator">orchestrator</a></li><li>conductor</li><li>musician</li><li>producer</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Instruments</th><td class="infobox-data note">Trumpet, piano</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1946–2020</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Maria Travia</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1956)</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de"></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://enniomorricone.org">enniomorricone.org</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:EM-Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/EM-Signature.svg/150px-EM-Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/EM-Signature.svg/225px-EM-Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/EM-Signature.svg/300px-EM-Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="281" data-file-height="61" /></a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Musical artist</div> Ennio Morricone <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Merit_of_the_Italian_Republic" title="Order of Merit of the Italian Republic">OMRI</a><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style>Italian: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian" title="Help:IPA/Italian">[ˈɛnnjo morriˈkoːne]</a>; 10 November 1928 – 6 July 2020) was an Italian composer, <a href="/wiki/Orchestration" title="Orchestration">orchestrator</a>, conductor, trumpeter, and pianist who wrote music in a wide range of styles. With more than 400 <a href="/wiki/Film_score" title="Film score">scores</a> for cinema and television, as well as more than 100 classical works, Morricone is widely considered one of the most prolific and greatest <a href="/wiki/List_of_film_score_composers" title="List of film score composers">film composers</a> of all time.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> He received <a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Ennio_Morricone" title="List of awards and nominations received by Ennio Morricone">numerous accolades</a> including two <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a>, three <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Awards" title="Grammy Awards">Grammy Awards</a>, three <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Globe">Golden Globes</a>, six <a href="/wiki/BAFTA" class="mw-redirect" title="BAFTA">BAFTAs</a>, ten <a href="/wiki/David_di_Donatello" title="David di Donatello">David di Donatello</a>, eleven <a href="/wiki/Nastro_d%27Argento" title="Nastro d'Argento">Nastro d'Argento</a>, two <a href="/wiki/European_Film_Awards" title="European Film Awards">European Film Awards</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Lion" title="Golden Lion">Golden Lion Honorary Award</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Polar_Music_Prize" title="Polar Music Prize">Polar Music Prize</a> in 2010. His filmography includes more than 70 award-winning films, all <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Leone" title="Sergio Leone">Sergio Leone</a>'s films since <a href="/wiki/A_Fistful_of_Dollars" title="A Fistful of Dollars">A Fistful of Dollars</a>, all <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Tornatore" title="Giuseppe Tornatore">Giuseppe Tornatore</a>'s films since <a href="/wiki/Cinema_Paradiso" title="Cinema Paradiso">Cinema Paradiso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dario_Argento" title="Dario Argento">Dario Argento</a>'s Animal Trilogy, as well as <a href="/wiki/The_Battle_of_Algiers" title="The Battle of Algiers">The Battle of Algiers</a> (1968), <a href="/wiki/1900_(film)" title="1900 (film)">1900</a> (1976), <a href="/wiki/La_Cage_aux_Folles_(film)" title="La Cage aux Folles (film)">La Cage aux Folles</a> (1978), <a href="/wiki/The_Professional_(1981_film)" title="The Professional (1981 film)">Le Professionnel</a> (1981), <a href="/wiki/The_Thing_(1982_film)" title="The Thing (1982 film)">The Thing</a> (1982), <a href="/wiki/The_Key_(1983_film)" title="The Key (1983 film)">The Key</a> (1983) by <a href="/wiki/Tinto_Brass" title="Tinto Brass">Tinto Brass</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tie_Me_Up!_Tie_Me_Down!" title="Tie Me Up! Tie Me Down!">Tie Me Up! Tie Me Down!</a> (1989). He received <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Academy Award for Best Original Score">Academy Award for Best Original Score</a> nominations for <a href="/wiki/Days_of_Heaven" title="Days of Heaven">Days of Heaven</a> (1978), <a href="/wiki/The_Mission_(1986_film)" title="The Mission (1986 film)">The Mission</a> (1986), <a href="/wiki/The_Untouchables_(film)" title="The Untouchables (film)">The Untouchables</a> (1987), <a href="/wiki/Bugsy" title="Bugsy">Bugsy</a> (1991), <a href="/wiki/Mal%C3%A8na_(film)" title="Malèna (film)">Malèna</a> (2000) and <a href="/wiki/The_Hateful_Eight" title="The Hateful Eight">The Hateful Eight</a> (2015), winning for the latter.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> He won the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Honorary_Award" title="Academy Honorary Award">Academy Honorary Award</a> in 2007.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> His <a href="/wiki/The_Good,_the_Bad_and_the_Ugly_(soundtrack)" title="The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (soundtrack)">score to The Good, the Bad and the Ugly</a> (1966) is regarded as one of the most recognizable and influential soundtracks in history.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> It was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Hall_of_Fame" title="Grammy Hall of Fame">Grammy Hall of Fame</a>.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> After playing the trumpet in jazz bands in the 1940s, he became a studio arranger for <a href="/wiki/RCA_Victor" class="mw-redirect" title="RCA Victor">RCA Victor</a> and in 1955 started <a href="/wiki/Ghost_writing" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghost writing">ghost writing</a> for film and theatre.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> Throughout his career, he composed music for artists such as <a href="/wiki/Paul_Anka" title="Paul Anka">Paul Anka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mina_(Italian_singer)" title="Mina (Italian singer)">Mina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Milva" title="Milva">Milva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zucchero" class="mw-redirect" title="Zucchero">Zucchero</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Bocelli" title="Andrea Bocelli">Andrea Bocelli</a>. From 1960 to 1975, Morricone gained international fame for composing music for <a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Western" title="Spaghetti Western">Westerns</a> and—with an estimated 10 million copies sold—<a href="/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_in_the_West_(soundtrack)" title="Once Upon a Time in the West (soundtrack)">Once Upon a Time in the West</a> is one of the best-selling scores worldwide.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> From 1966 to 1980, he was a main member of <a href="/wiki/Il_Gruppo" class="mw-redirect" title="Il Gruppo">Il Gruppo</a>, one of the first <a href="/wiki/Experimental_music" title="Experimental music">experimental</a> composers collectives, and in 1969 he co-founded <a href="/wiki/Forum_Music_Village" title="Forum Music Village">Forum Music Village</a>, a prestigious recording studio. He continued to compose music for European productions, such as <a href="/wiki/Marco_Polo_(1982_TV_series)" title="Marco Polo (1982 TV series)">Marco Polo</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_piovra" title="La piovra">La piovra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nostromo_(TV_series)" title="Nostromo (TV series)">Nostromo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fateless_(film)" title="Fateless (film)">Fateless</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karol:_The_Pope,_The_Man" title="Karol: The Pope, The Man">Karol</a>, and <a href="/wiki/En_mai,_fais_ce_qu%27il_te_plait" class="mw-redirect" title="En mai, fais ce qu'il te plait">En mai, fais ce qu'il te plait</a>. Morricone composed for <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States" title="Cinema of the United States">Hollywood</a> directors such as <a href="/wiki/Don_Siegel" title="Don Siegel">Don Siegel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Nichols" title="Mike Nichols">Mike Nichols</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_De_Palma" title="Brian De Palma">Brian De Palma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barry_Levinson" title="Barry Levinson">Barry Levinson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Carpenter" title="John Carpenter">John Carpenter</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a>. He has also worked with directors such as <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Bertolucci" title="Bernardo Bertolucci">Bernardo Bertolucci</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mauro_Bolognini" title="Mauro Bolognini">Mauro Bolognini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tinto_Brass" title="Tinto Brass">Tinto Brass</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giuliano_Montaldo" title="Giuliano Montaldo">Giuliano Montaldo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roland_Joff%C3%A9" title="Roland Joffé">Roland Joffé</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henri_Verneuil" title="Henri Verneuil">Henri Verneuil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mario_Bava" title="Mario Bava">Mario Bava</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lucio_Fulci" title="Lucio Fulci">Lucio Fulci</a>, <a href="/wiki/Umberto_Lenzi" title="Umberto Lenzi">Umberto Lenzi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gillo_Pontecorvo" title="Gillo Pontecorvo">Gillo Pontecorvo</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pier_Paolo_Pasolini" title="Pier Paolo Pasolini">Pier Paolo Pasolini</a>. His best-known compositions include "<a href="/wiki/The_Ecstasy_of_Gold" title="The Ecstasy of Gold">The Ecstasy of Gold</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Se_telefonando" title="Se telefonando">Se telefonando</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_in_the_West_(soundtrack)" title="Once Upon a Time in the West (soundtrack)">Man with a Harmonica</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Here%27s_to_You_(song)" title="Here's to You (song)">Here's to You</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Chi_Mai" title="Chi Mai">Chi Mai</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Gabriel%27s_Oboe" title="Gabriel's Oboe">Gabriel's Oboe</a>", and "<a href="/wiki/E_Pi%C3%B9_Ti_Penso" title="E Più Ti Penso">E Più Ti Penso</a>". He has influenced many artists including <a href="/wiki/Hans_Zimmer" title="Hans Zimmer">Hans Zimmer</a>,<a href="#cite_note-telegraph.co.uk-10">[10]</a> <a href="/wiki/Danger_Mouse_(musician)" title="Danger Mouse (musician)">Danger Mouse</a>,<a href="#cite_note-What_influenced_Danger_Mouse-11">[11]</a> <a href="/wiki/Dire_Straits" title="Dire Straits">Dire Straits</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Mark_Knopfler_of_Dire_Straits-12">[12]</a> <a href="/wiki/Muse_(band)" title="Muse (band)">Muse</a>,<a href="#cite_note-gigwise.com-13">[13]</a> <a href="/wiki/Metallica" title="Metallica">Metallica</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Omnibus_Press-14">[14]</a> <a href="/wiki/Fields_of_the_Nephilim" title="Fields of the Nephilim">Fields of the Nephilim</a>,<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Radiohead" title="Radiohead">Radiohead</a>.<a href="#cite_note-The_Mojo_Collection:_4th_Edition-16">[16]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education">edit</a>]</div> Morricone was born in Rome, the son of Libera Ridolfi and Mario Morricone, a musician. At the time of his birth <a href="/wiki/Fascist_Italy_(1922%E2%80%931943)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fascist Italy (1922–1943)">Italy</a> was under <a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">fascist</a> rule.<a href="#cite_note-Leinberger-17">[17]</a> Morricone had four siblings – Adriana, Aldo,<a href="#cite_note-19">[a]</a> Maria, and Franca – and lived in <a href="/wiki/Trastevere" title="Trastevere">Trastevere</a> in the centre of Rome. His father was a professional trumpeter who performed in light-music orchestras while his mother set up a small textile business.<a href="#cite_note-filmreference.com-18">[18]</a> During his early schooldays, Morricone was also a classmate of his later collaborator <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Leone" title="Sergio Leone">Sergio Leone</a>.<a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a> Morricone's father first taught him to read music and to play several instruments. He entered the <a href="/wiki/Conservatorio_Santa_Cecilia" title="Conservatorio Santa Cecilia">Saint Cecilia Conservatory</a> to take trumpet lessons under the guidance of Umberto Semproni.<a href="#cite_note-Leinberger-17">[17]</a> He formally entered the conservatory in 1940 at age 12, enrolling in a four-year harmony program that he completed within six months. He studied the trumpet, composition, and <a href="/wiki/Choral_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Choral music">choral music</a> under the direction of <a href="/wiki/Goffredo_Petrassi" title="Goffredo Petrassi">Goffredo Petrassi</a>, to whom Morricone would later dedicate concert pieces. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Goffredo.petrassi2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Goffredo.petrassi2.jpg/170px-Goffredo.petrassi2.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Goffredo.petrassi2.jpg/255px-Goffredo.petrassi2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Goffredo.petrassi2.jpg/340px-Goffredo.petrassi2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="470" data-file-height="630" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Goffredo_Petrassi" title="Goffredo Petrassi">Goffredo Petrassi</a>, Morricone's teacher</figcaption></figure> In 1941 Morricone was chosen among the students of the Saint Cecilia Conservatory to be a part of the Orchestra of the Opera, directed by <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Zecchi" title="Carlo Zecchi">Carlo Zecchi</a> on the occasion of a tour of the <a href="/wiki/Veneto" title="Veneto">Veneto</a> region.<a href="#cite_note-21">[20]</a> He received his diploma in trumpet in 1946,<a href="#cite_note-22">[21]</a> continuing to work in classical composition and arrangement.<a href="#cite_note-Leinberger-17">[17]</a> Morricone received the Diploma in Instrumentation for Band Arrangement with a mark of 9/10 in 1952. His studies concluded at the Conservatory of Santa Cecilia in 1954 when he obtained a final 9.5/10 in his Diploma in Composition under Petrassi.<a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_compositions">First compositions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: First compositions">edit</a>]</div> Morricone wrote his first compositions when he was six years old and he was encouraged to develop his natural talents.<a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a> In 1946, he composed "Il Mattino" ("The Morning") for voice and piano on a text by Fukuko, first in a group of seven "youth" Lieder.<a href="#cite_note-pytheas-25">[24]</a> In the following years, he continued to write music for the theatre as well as classical music for voice and piano, such as "Imitazione", based on a text by Italian poet <a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Leopardi" title="Giacomo Leopardi">Giacomo Leopardi</a>, "Intimità", based on a text by Olinto Dini, "Distacco I" and "Distacco II" with words by R. Gnoli, "Oboe Sommerso" for baritone and five instruments with words by poet <a href="/wiki/Salvatore_Quasimodo" title="Salvatore Quasimodo">Salvatore Quasimodo</a>, and "Verrà la Morte", for alto and piano, based on a text by novelist <a href="/wiki/Cesare_Pavese" title="Cesare Pavese">Cesare Pavese</a>.<a href="#cite_note-pytheas-25">[24]</a> In 1953, Morricone was asked by <a href="/wiki/Gorni_Kramer" title="Gorni Kramer">Gorni Kramer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lelio_Luttazzi" title="Lelio Luttazzi">Lelio Luttazzi</a> to write an arrangement for some medleys in an American style for a series of evening radio shows. The composer continued with the composition of other 'serious' classical pieces, thus demonstrating the flexibility and eclecticism that always has been an integral part of his character. Many orchestral and chamber compositions date, in fact, from the period between 1954 and 1959: Musica per archi e pianoforte (1954), Invenzione, Canone e Ricercare per piano; Sestetto per flauto, oboe, fagotto, violino, viola, e violoncello (1955), Dodici Variazione per oboe, violoncello, e piano; Trio per clarinetto, corno, e violoncello; Variazione su un tema di Frescobaldi (1956); Quattro pezzi per chitarra (1957); Distanze per violino, violoncello, e piano; Musica per undici violini, Tre Studi per flauto, clarinetto, e fagotto (1958); and the Concerto per orchestra (1957), dedicated to his teacher <a href="/wiki/Goffredo_Petrassi" title="Goffredo Petrassi">Goffredo Petrassi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-pytheas-25">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[25]</a> Morricone soon gained popularity by writing his first background music for radio dramas and quickly moved into film.<a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Composing_for_radio,_television,_and_pop_artists">Composing for radio, television, and pop artists</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Composing for radio, television, and pop artists">edit</a>]</div> Morricone's career as an arranger began in 1950, by arranging the piece Mamma Bianca (Narciso Parigi).<a href="#cite_note-28">[27]</a> On occasion of the "<a href="/wiki/Jubilaeum_Maximum" class="mw-redirect" title="Jubilaeum Maximum">Anno Santo</a>" (<a href="/wiki/Jubilee_(Christianity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jubilee (Christianity)">Holy Year</a>), he arranged a long group of popular songs of devotion for radio broadcasting.<a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a> In 1956, Morricone started to support his family by playing in a <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a> band and <a href="/wiki/Arrangement" title="Arrangement">arranging</a> pop songs for the Italian broadcasting service <a href="/wiki/RAI" title="RAI">RAI</a>. He was hired by <a href="/wiki/Radiotelevisione_Italiana" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiotelevisione Italiana">RAI</a> in 1958 but quit his job on his first day at work when he was told that broadcasting of music composed by employees was forbidden by a company rule. Subsequently, Morricone became a top studio arranger at RCA Victor, working with <a href="/wiki/Renato_Rascel" title="Renato Rascel">Renato Rascel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rita_Pavone" title="Rita Pavone">Rita Pavone</a>, Domenico Modugno, and <a href="/wiki/Mario_Lanza" title="Mario Lanza">Mario Lanza</a>. Throughout his career, Morricone composed songs for several national and international jazz and pop artists, including <a href="/wiki/Gianni_Meccia" title="Gianni Meccia">Gianni Meccia</a> (Il barattolo, 1960), <a href="/wiki/Gianni_Morandi" title="Gianni Morandi">Gianni Morandi</a> (Go Kart Twist, 1962; Non son degno di te, 1964), <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Lionello" title="Alberto Lionello">Alberto Lionello</a> (La donna che vale, 1959), <a href="/wiki/Edoardo_Vianello" title="Edoardo Vianello">Edoardo Vianello</a> (Ornella, 1960; Cicciona cha-cha, 1960; Faccio finta di dormire, 1961; T'ho conosciuta, 1963; and also Pinne, fucine ed occhiali, I Watussi and Guarda come dondolo<a href="#cite_note-30">[29]</a>), Nora Orlandi (Arianna, 1960), <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Fontana" title="Jimmy Fontana">Jimmy Fontana</a> (Twist no. 9; Nicole, 1962), <a href="/wiki/Rita_Pavone" title="Rita Pavone">Rita Pavone</a> (Come te non c'e' nessuno and Pel di carota from 1962, arranged by <a href="/wiki/Luis_Bacalov" title="Luis Bacalov">Luis Bacalov</a>), <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Spaak" title="Catherine Spaak">Catherine Spaak</a> (Penso a te; Questi vent'anni miei, 1964), <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Tenco" title="Luigi Tenco">Luigi Tenco</a> (Quello che conta; Tra tanta gente; 1962), <a href="/wiki/Gino_Paoli" title="Gino Paoli">Gino Paoli</a> (Nel corso from 1963, written by Morricone with Paoli), <a href="/wiki/Renato_Rascel" title="Renato Rascel">Renato Rascel</a> (Scirocco, 1964), <a href="/wiki/Paul_Anka" title="Paul Anka">Paul Anka</a> (Ogni Volta), Amii Stewart, <a href="/wiki/Rosy_Armen" title="Rosy Armen">Rosy Armen</a> (L'Amore Gira), <a href="/wiki/Milva" title="Milva">Milva</a> (Ridevi, Metti Una Sera A Cena), <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise_Hardy" title="Françoise Hardy">Françoise Hardy</a> (Je changerais d'avis, 1966), <a href="/wiki/Mireille_Mathieu" title="Mireille Mathieu">Mireille Mathieu</a> (Mon ami de toujours; Pas vu, pas pris, 1971; J'oublie la pluie et le soleil, 1974), and <a href="/wiki/Demis_Roussos" title="Demis Roussos">Demis Roussos</a> (I Like The World, 1970).<a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a> In 1963, the composer co-wrote (with Roby Ferrante) the music for the composition "Ogni volta" ("Every Time"), a song that was performed by <a href="/wiki/Paul_Anka" title="Paul Anka">Paul Anka</a> for the first time during the <a href="/wiki/Festival_della_canzone_italiana" class="mw-redirect" title="Festival della canzone italiana">Festival di Sanremo</a> in 1964. This song was arranged and conducted by Morricone and sold more than three million copies worldwide, including one million copies in Italy alone.<a href="#cite_note-33">[32]</a> Another success was his composition "Se telefonando". Performed by <a href="/wiki/Mina_(Italian_singer)" title="Mina (Italian singer)">Mina</a>, it was a track on <a href="/wiki/Studio_Uno_66" title="Studio Uno 66">Studio Uno 66</a>, the 4th studio album by Mina. Morricone's sophisticated arrangement of "Se telefonando" was a combination of melodic trumpet lines, <a href="/wiki/Hal_Blaine" title="Hal Blaine">Hal Blaine</a>–style drumming, a string set, a 1960s <a href="/wiki/Europop" title="Europop">Europop</a> female <a href="/wiki/Choir" title="Choir">choir</a>, and intensive subsonic-sounding trombones. The Italian Hitparade No. 7 song had eight transitions of <a href="/wiki/Tonality" title="Tonality">tonality</a> building tension throughout the chorus. During the following decades, the song was recorded by several performers in Italy and abroad including covers by <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise_Hardy" title="Françoise Hardy">Françoise Hardy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iva_Zanicchi" title="Iva Zanicchi">Iva Zanicchi</a> (1966), <a href="/wiki/Delta-V_(musical_group)" title="Delta-V (musical group)">Delta V</a> (2005), <a href="/wiki/Vanessa_and_the_O%27s" title="Vanessa and the O's">Vanessa and the O's</a> (2007), and <a href="/wiki/Neil_Hannon" title="Neil Hannon">Neil Hannon</a> (2008).<a href="#cite_note-34">[33]</a> Françoise Hardy – Mon amie la rose site in the reader's poll conducted by the newspaper <a href="/wiki/La_Repubblica" title="La Repubblica">la Repubblica</a> to celebrate Mina's 70th anniversary in 2010, 30,000 voters picked the track as the best song ever recorded by Mina.<a href="#cite_note-35">[34]</a> In 1987, Morricone co-wrote <a href="/wiki/It_Couldn%27t_Happen_Here_(song)" class="mw-redirect" title="It Couldn't Happen Here (song)">It Couldn't Happen Here</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Pet_Shop_Boys" title="Pet Shop Boys">Pet Shop Boys</a>. Other compositions for international artists include: La metà di me and Immagina (1988) by <a href="/wiki/Ruggero_Raimondi" title="Ruggero Raimondi">Ruggero Raimondi</a>, Libera l'amore (1989) performed by <a href="/wiki/Zucchero" class="mw-redirect" title="Zucchero">Zucchero</a>, Love Affair (1994) by <a href="/wiki/K.d._lang" title="K.d. lang">k.d. lang</a>, Ha fatto un sogno (1997) by <a href="/wiki/Antonello_Venditti" title="Antonello Venditti">Antonello Venditti</a>, Di Più (1997) by <a href="/wiki/Tiziana_Tosca_Donati" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiziana Tosca Donati">Tiziana Tosca Donati</a>, Come un fiume tu (1998), Un Canto (1998) and Conradian (2006) by <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Bocelli" title="Andrea Bocelli">Andrea Bocelli</a>, Ricordare (1998) and Salmo (2000) by <a href="/wiki/Angelo_Branduardi" title="Angelo Branduardi">Angelo Branduardi</a>, and My heart and I (2001) by <a href="/wiki/Sting_(musician)" title="Sting (musician)">Sting</a>.<a href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="First_film_scores">First film scores</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: First film scores">edit</a>]</div> After graduation in 1954, Morricone started to write and arrange music as a <a href="/wiki/Ghost_writing" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghost writing">ghost writer</a> for films credited to already well-known composers, while also arranging for many light music orchestras of the RAI television network, working especially with <a href="/wiki/Armando_Trovajoli" title="Armando Trovajoli">Armando Trovajoli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Cicognini" title="Alessandro Cicognini">Alessandro Cicognini</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Savina" title="Carlo Savina">Carlo Savina</a>. He occasionally adopted Anglicized pseudonyms, such as Dan Savio and Leo Nichols.<a href="#cite_note-37">[36]</a> In 1959, Morricone was the conductor (and uncredited co-composer) for <a href="/wiki/Mario_Nascimbene" title="Mario Nascimbene">Mario Nascimbene</a>'s score to Morte di un amico (<a href="/wiki/Death_of_a_Friend" title="Death of a Friend">Death of a Friend</a>), an Italian drama directed by <a href="/wiki/Franco_Rossi_(director)" title="Franco Rossi (director)">Franco Rossi</a>. In the same year, he composed music for the theatre show Il lieto fine by <a href="/wiki/Luciano_Salce" title="Luciano Salce">Luciano Salce</a>. 1961 marked his real film debut with Luciano Salce's <a href="/wiki/The_Fascist" title="The Fascist">Il Federale (The Fascist)</a>. In an interview with American composer <a href="/wiki/Fred_Karlin" title="Fred Karlin">Fred Karlin</a>, Morricone discussed his beginnings, stating, "My first films were light comedies or costume movies that required simple musical scores that were easily created, a genre that I never completely abandoned even when I went on to much more important films with major directors".<a href="#cite_note-Biography_of_Ennio_Morricone-38">[37]</a> With Il Federale Morricone began a long-run collaboration with Luciano Salce. In 1962, Morricone composed the jazz-influenced score for Salce's comedy <a href="/wiki/Crazy_Desire" title="Crazy Desire">La voglia matta (Crazy Desire)</a>. That year Morricone also arranged Italian singer <a href="/wiki/Edoardo_Vianello" title="Edoardo Vianello">Edoardo Vianello</a>'s summer hit "Pinne, fucile, e occhiali", a cha-cha song, peppered with added water effects, unusual instrumental sounds and unexpected stops and starts.<a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a> Morricone wrote works for the concert hall in a more avant-garde style.<a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a> Some of these have been recorded, such as Ut, a trumpet concerto dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Mauro_Maur" title="Mauro Maur">Mauro Maur</a>.<a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Group_and_New_Consonance">The Group and New Consonance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: The Group and New Consonance">edit</a>]</div> From 1964 up to their eventual disbandment in 1980, Morricone was part of <a href="/wiki/Gruppo_di_Improvvisazione_Nuova_Consonanza" title="Gruppo di Improvvisazione Nuova Consonanza">Gruppo di Improvvisazione Nuova Consonanza</a> (G.I.N.C.), a group of composers who performed and recorded <a href="/wiki/Avant-garde" title="Avant-garde">avant-garde</a> free improvisations. The Rome-based avant-garde ensemble was dedicated to the development of <a href="/wiki/Improvisation" title="Improvisation">improvisation</a> and new music methods. The ensemble functioned as a laboratory of sorts, working with anti-musical systems and sound techniques in an attempt to redefine the new music ensemble and explore "New Consonance".<a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a> Known as "The Group" or "Il Gruppo", they released seven albums across the <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Grammophon" title="Deutsche Grammophon">Deutsche Grammophon</a>, RCA, and Cramps labels: Gruppo di Improvvisazione Nuova Consonanza (1966), The Private Sea of Dreams (1967), Improvisationen (1968), The Feedback (1970), Improvvisazioni a Formazioni Variate (1973), Nuova Consonanza (1975), and Musica su Schemi (1976). Perhaps the most famous of these is their album entitled The Feed-back, which combines <a href="/wiki/Free_jazz" title="Free jazz">free jazz</a> and avant-garde classical music with <a href="/wiki/Funk" title="Funk">funk</a>; the album frequently is sampled by <a href="/wiki/Hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip hop">hip hop</a> DJs and is considered to be one of the most collectable records in existence, often fetching more than $1,000 at auction.<a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gruppoimprovvisazione.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Gruppoimprovvisazione.jpg/220px-Gruppoimprovvisazione.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Gruppoimprovvisazione.jpg/330px-Gruppoimprovvisazione.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Gruppoimprovvisazione.jpg/440px-Gruppoimprovvisazione.jpg 2x" data-file-width="556" data-file-height="352" /></a><figcaption>Morricone in 1978 with <a href="/wiki/Gruppo_di_Improvvisazione_Nuova_Consonanza" title="Gruppo di Improvvisazione Nuova Consonanza">Gruppo di Improvvisazione Nuova Consonanza</a></figcaption></figure> Morricone played a key role in The Group and was among the core members in its revolving line-up; in addition to serving as their trumpet player, he directed them on many occasions and they can be heard on a large number of his scores.<a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a> Held in high regard in avant-garde music circles, they are considered to be the first experimental composers collective, their only peers being the British improvisation collective <a href="/wiki/AMM_(group)" class="mw-redirect" title="AMM (group)">AMM</a>. Their influence can be heard in free improvising ensembles from the European movements including the <a href="/wiki/Evan_Parker" title="Evan Parker">Evan Parker Electro-Acoustic Ensemble</a>, the Swiss electronic free improvisation group <a href="/wiki/Voice_Crack" title="Voice Crack">Voice Crack</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Zorn" title="John Zorn">John Zorn</a>,<a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a> and in the techniques of modern classical music and avant-garde jazz groups. The ensemble's groundbreaking work informed their work in composition. The ensemble also performed in varying capacities with Morricone, contributing to some of his 1960s and 1970s Italian soundtracks, including <a href="/wiki/A_Quiet_Place_in_the_Country" title="A Quiet Place in the Country">A Quiet Place in the Country</a> (1969) and <a href="/wiki/Cold_Eyes_of_Fear" title="Cold Eyes of Fear">Cold Eyes of Fear</a> (1971).<a href="#cite_note-46">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film_music_genres">Film music genres</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Film music genres">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Comedy">Comedy</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Comedy">edit</a>]</div> Morricone's earliest scores were Italian light comedy and costume pictures, where he learned to write simple, memorable themes. During the 1960s and 1970s he composed the scores for comedies such as <a href="/wiki/Eighteen_in_the_Sun" title="Eighteen in the Sun">Eighteen in the Sun</a> (Diciottenni al sole, 1962), <a href="/wiki/Il_Successo" title="Il Successo">Il Successo</a> (1963), <a href="/wiki/Lina_Wertm%C3%BCller" title="Lina Wertmüller">Lina Wertmüller</a>'s <a href="/wiki/I_basilischi" title="I basilischi">I basilischi</a> (The Basilisks/The Lizards, 1963),<a href="#cite_note-Biography_of_Ennio_Morricone-38">[37]</a> <a href="/wiki/Slalom_(1965_film)" title="Slalom (1965 film)">Slalom</a> (1965), <a href="/wiki/Menage_all%27italiana" title="Menage all'italiana">Menage all'italiana</a> (Menage Italian Style, 1965), <a href="/wiki/How_I_Learned_to_Love_Women" title="How I Learned to Love Women">How I Learned to Love Women</a> (Come imparai ad amare le donne, 1966), <a href="/wiki/Her_Harem" title="Her Harem">Her Harem</a> (L'harem, 1967), <a href="/wiki/A_Fine_Pair" title="A Fine Pair">A Fine Pair</a> (Ruba al prossimo tuo, 1968), <a href="/wiki/Alibi_(1969_film)" title="Alibi (1969 film)">L'Alibi</a> (1969), <a href="/wiki/This_Kind_of_Love_(film)" title="This Kind of Love (film)">This Kind of Love</a> (Questa specie d'amore, 1972), <a href="/wiki/Winged_Devils" title="Winged Devils">Winged Devils</a> (Forza "G", 1972), and <a href="/wiki/Fiorina_la_vacca" title="Fiorina la vacca">Fiorina la vacca</a> (1972). His best-known scores for comedies includes <a href="/wiki/La_Cage_aux_Folles_(film)" title="La Cage aux Folles (film)">La Cage aux Folles</a> (1978) and <a href="/wiki/La_Cage_aux_Folles_II" title="La Cage aux Folles II">La Cage aux Folles II</a> (1980), both directed by <a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Molinaro" title="Édouard Molinaro">Édouard Molinaro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Il_ladrone" title="Il ladrone">Il ladrone</a> (The Good Thief, 1980), <a href="/wiki/Georges_Lautner" title="Georges Lautner">Georges Lautner</a>'s <a href="/wiki/La_Cage_aux_Folles_3:_The_Wedding" title="La Cage aux Folles 3: The Wedding">La Cage aux Folles 3: The Wedding</a> (1985), <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Almod%C3%B3var" title="Pedro Almodóvar">Pedro Almodóvar</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Tie_Me_Up!_Tie_Me_Down!" title="Tie Me Up! Tie Me Down!">Tie Me Up! Tie Me Down!</a> (1990) and Warren Beatty's Bulworth (1998). Morricone never ceased to arrange and write music for comedies. In 2007, he composed a lighthearted score for the Italian romantic comedy Tutte le Donne della mia Vita by <a href="/wiki/Simona_Izzo" title="Simona Izzo">Simona Izzo</a>, the director who co-wrote the Morricone-scored religious mini-series Il Papa Buono.<a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Westerns">Westerns</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Westerns">edit</a>]</div> Although his first films were undistinguished,[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>] Morricone's arrangement of an American folk song intrigued director and former schoolmate <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Leone" title="Sergio Leone">Sergio Leone</a>. Before being associated with Leone, Morricone already had composed some music for less-known western movies such as <a href="/wiki/Duello_nel_Texas" title="Duello nel Texas">Duello nel Texas</a> (aka Gunfight at Red Sands) (1963). In 1962, Morricone met American folksinger <a href="/wiki/Peter_Tevis" title="Peter Tevis">Peter Tevis</a>, with the two collaborating on a version of <a href="/wiki/Woody_Guthrie" title="Woody Guthrie">Woody Guthrie</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Pastures_of_Plenty" title="Pastures of Plenty">Pastures of Plenty</a>". Tevis is credited with singing the lyrics of Morricone's songs such as "A Gringo Like Me" (from Gunfight at Red Sands) and "Lonesome Billy" (from Bullets Don't Argue).<a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a> Tevis later recorded a vocal version of A Fistful of Dollars that was not used in the film. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Association_with_Sergio_Leone">Association with Sergio Leone</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Association with Sergio Leone">edit</a>]</div> The turning point in Morricone's career took place in 1964, the year in which his third child, <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Morricone" title="Andrea Morricone">Andrea Morricone</a>, who would also become a film composer, was born. Film director and former schoolmate Sergio Leone hired Morricone, and together they created a distinctive score to accompany Leone's <a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Western" title="Spaghetti Western">different version</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Western_(genre)" title="Western (genre)">Western</a>, <a href="/wiki/A_Fistful_of_Dollars" title="A Fistful of Dollars">A Fistful of Dollars</a> (1964).<a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="The_Dollars_Trilogy">The Dollars Trilogy</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: The Dollars Trilogy">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Dollars_Trilogy" title="Dollars Trilogy">Dollars Trilogy</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Good,_the_Bad_and_the_Ugly_(soundtrack)" title="The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (soundtrack)">The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (soundtrack)</a></div> Because budget strictures limited Morricone's access to a full orchestra, he used gunshots, cracking whips, whistle, voices, <a href="/wiki/Jew%27s_harp" title="Jew's harp">jew's harp</a>, trumpets, and the new Fender electric guitar, instead of orchestral arrangements of Western standards à la <a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a>. Morricone used his special effects to punctuate and comically tweak the action—cluing in the audience to the <a href="/wiki/Silence" title="Silence">taciturn</a> man's ironic stance.<a href="#cite_note-Leinberger-17">[17]</a>: 69–77  As memorable as Leone's <a href="/wiki/Close-up" title="Close-up">close-ups</a>, harsh violence, and black comedy, Morricone's work helped to expand the musical possibilities of film scoring. Initially, Morricone was billed on the film as Dan Savio, a name they had used on <a href="/wiki/Duello_nel_Texas" title="Duello nel Texas">Duello nel Texas</a> to help its appeal on the international market. A Fistful of Dollars came out in Italy in 1964 and was released in America three years later, greatly popularising the so-called <a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Western" title="Spaghetti Western">Spaghetti Western</a> genre. For the American release, Sergio Leone followed Morricone and <a href="/wiki/Massimo_Dallamano" title="Massimo Dallamano">Massimo Dallamano</a>'s lead and decided to adopt an American-sounding name, Bob Robertson. Over the film's theatrical release, it grossed more than any other Italian film up to that point.<a href="#cite_note-Hughes7-50">[49]</a> The film debuted in the United States in January 1967, where it grossed <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>4.5 million for the year.<a href="#cite_note-Hughes7-50">[49]</a> It eventually grossed $14.5 million in its American release,<a href="#cite_note-Hughes7-50">[49]</a> against its budget of US$200,000.<a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a> With the score of A Fistful of Dollars, Morricone began his 20-year collaboration with his childhood friend <a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Alessandroni" title="Alessandro Alessandroni">Alessandro Alessandroni</a> and his Cantori Moderni.<a href="#cite_note-53">[52]</a> Alessandroni provided the whistling and the twanging guitar on the film scores, while his Cantori Moderni were a flexible troupe of modern singers. Morricone in particular drew on the solo <a href="/wiki/Soprano" title="Soprano">soprano</a> of the group, <a href="/wiki/Edda_Dell%27Orso" title="Edda Dell'Orso">Edda Dell'Orso</a>, at the height of her powers "an extraordinary voice at my disposal".<a href="#cite_note-54">[53]</a> The composer subsequently scored Leone's other two <a href="/wiki/Dollars_Trilogy" title="Dollars Trilogy">Dollars Trilogy</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Man_with_No_Name" title="Man with No Name">Man with No Name Trilogy</a>) spaghetti westerns: <a href="/wiki/For_a_Few_Dollars_More" title="For a Few Dollars More">For a Few Dollars More</a> (1965) and The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly (1966). All three films starred the American actor <a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> as The Man With No Name and depicted Leone's own intense vision of the mythical West. Morricone commented in 2007: "Some of the music was written before the film, which was unusual. Leone's films were made like that because he wanted the music to be an important part of it; he kept the scenes longer because he did not want the music to end." According to Morricone this explains "why the films are so slow".<a href="#cite_note-55">[54]</a> Despite the small film budgets, the Dollars Trilogy was a box-office success. The available budget for The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly was about US$1.2 million, but it became the most successful film of the Dollars Trilogy, grossing US$25.1 million in the United States and more than <a href="/wiki/Italian_lira" title="Italian lira">Lire </a>2.3 billion (1.2 million EUR) in Italy alone. Morricone's score became a major success and sold more than three million copies worldwide. On 14 August 1968 the original score was certified by the <a href="/wiki/RIAA" class="mw-redirect" title="RIAA">RIAA</a> with a golden record for the sale of 500,000 copies in the United States alone.<a href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a> The main theme to The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly, also titled "The Good, the Bad and the Ugly", was a hit in 1968 for <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Montenegro" title="Hugo Montenegro">Hugo Montenegro</a>, whose rendition was a No.2 Billboard pop single in the U.S. and a U.K. No.1 single (for four weeks from mid-November that year).<a href="#cite_note-57">[56]</a> "<a href="/wiki/The_Ecstasy_of_Gold" title="The Ecstasy of Gold">The Ecstasy of Gold</a>" became one of Morricone's best-known compositions. The opening scene of <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Tremaine" title="Jeff Tremaine">Jeff Tremaine</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Jackass_Number_Two" title="Jackass Number Two">Jackass Number Two</a> (2006), in which the cast is chased through a suburban neighbourhood by bulls, is accompanied by this piece. While punk rock band The <a href="/wiki/Ramones" title="Ramones">Ramones</a> used "The Ecstasy of Gold" as a closing theme during their live performances, <a href="/wiki/Metallica" title="Metallica">Metallica</a> uses "The Ecstasy of Gold" as the introductory music for its concerts since 1983.<a href="#cite_note-58">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a> This composition is also included on Metallica's live symphonic album <a href="/wiki/S%26M_(album)" title="S&M (album)">S&M</a> as well as the live album <a href="/wiki/Live_Shit:_Binge_%26_Purge" title="Live Shit: Binge & Purge">Live Shit: Binge & Purge</a>. An instrumental metal cover by Metallica (with minimal vocals by lead singer <a href="/wiki/James_Hetfield" title="James Hetfield">James Hetfield</a>) appeared on the 2007 Morricone tribute album <a href="/wiki/We_All_Love_Ennio_Morricone" title="We All Love Ennio Morricone">We All Love Ennio Morricone</a>. This metal version was nominated for a <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Grammy Award">Grammy Award</a> in the category of <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Rock_Instrumental_Performance" title="Grammy Award for Best Rock Instrumental Performance">Best Rock Instrumental Performance</a>. In 2009, the Grammy Award-winning hip-hop artist <a href="/wiki/Coolio" title="Coolio">Coolio</a> extensively sampled the theme for his song "Change".<a href="#cite_note-60">[59]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Once_Upon_a_Time_in_the_West_and_others">Once Upon a Time in the West and others</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Once Upon a Time in the West and others">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_in_the_West_(soundtrack)" title="Once Upon a Time in the West (soundtrack)">Once Upon a Time in the West (soundtrack)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Foto_Mauro_Maur_e_Maestro_Ennio_Morricone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Foto_Mauro_Maur_e_Maestro_Ennio_Morricone.jpg/260px-Foto_Mauro_Maur_e_Maestro_Ennio_Morricone.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Foto_Mauro_Maur_e_Maestro_Ennio_Morricone.jpg/390px-Foto_Mauro_Maur_e_Maestro_Ennio_Morricone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Foto_Mauro_Maur_e_Maestro_Ennio_Morricone.jpg/520px-Foto_Mauro_Maur_e_Maestro_Ennio_Morricone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7009" data-file-height="4743" /></a><figcaption>Ennio Morricone while recording a soundtrack with his favorite trumpet player and friend <a href="/wiki/Mauro_Maur" title="Mauro Maur">Mauro Maur</a> – Forum Studios in Rome</figcaption></figure>Subsequent to the success of the Dollars trilogy, Morricone also composed the scores for Once Upon a Time in the West (1968) and Leone's last credited western film <a href="/wiki/A_Fistful_of_Dynamite" class="mw-redirect" title="A Fistful of Dynamite">A Fistful of Dynamite</a> (1971),<a href="#cite_note-61">[60]</a> as well as the score for <a href="/wiki/My_Name_Is_Nobody" title="My Name Is Nobody">My Name Is Nobody</a> (1973).<a href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a> Morricone's score for <a href="/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_in_the_West_(soundtrack)" title="Once Upon a Time in the West (soundtrack)">Once Upon a Time in the West</a> is one of the best-selling original instrumental scores in the world today, with as many as 10 million copies sold, including one million copies in France,<a href="#cite_note-63">[62]</a> and more than 800,000 copies in the Netherlands.<a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[65]</a> The collaboration with Leone is considered one of the exemplary <a href="/wiki/List_of_noted_film_director_and_composer_collaborations" class="mw-redirect" title="List of noted film director and composer collaborations">collaborations between a director and a composer</a>. Morricone's last score for Leone was for his last film, the gangster drama <a href="/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_in_America" title="Once Upon a Time in America">Once Upon a Time in America</a> (1984). Leone died on 30 April 1989 of a heart attack at the age of 60. Before his death in 1989, Leone was part-way through planning a film on the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Leningrad" title="Siege of Leningrad">Siege of Leningrad</a>, set during World War II. By 1989, Leone had been able to acquire US$100 million in financing from independent backers for the war epic. He had convinced Morricone to compose the film score. The project was cancelled when Leone died two days before he was to officially sign on for the film. In early 2003, Italian filmmaker <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Tornatore" title="Giuseppe Tornatore">Giuseppe Tornatore</a> announced he would direct a film called Leningrad.<a href="#cite_note-67">[66]</a> The film has yet to go into production and Morricone was cagey as to details on account of Tornatore's superstitious nature.<a href="#cite_note-68">[67]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Association_with_Sergio_Corbucci_and_Sergio_Sollima">Association with Sergio Corbucci and Sergio Sollima</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Association with Sergio Corbucci and Sergio Sollima">edit</a>]</div> Two years after the start of his collaboration with Sergio Leone, Morricone also started to score music for another Spaghetti Western director, <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Corbucci" title="Sergio Corbucci">Sergio Corbucci</a>. The composer wrote music for Corbucci's <a href="/wiki/Navajo_Joe" title="Navajo Joe">Navajo Joe</a> (1966), <a href="/wiki/The_Hellbenders" title="The Hellbenders">The Hellbenders</a> (1967), <a href="/wiki/The_Mercenary_(film)" title="The Mercenary (film)">The Mercenary/The Professional Gun</a> (1968), <a href="/wiki/The_Great_Silence" title="The Great Silence">The Great Silence</a> (1968), <a href="/wiki/Compa%C3%B1eros_(film)" title="Compañeros (film)">Compañeros</a> (1970), <a href="/wiki/Sonny_and_Jed" title="Sonny and Jed">Sonny and Jed</a> (1972), and <a href="/wiki/What_Am_I_Doing_in_the_Middle_of_the_Revolution%3F" class="mw-redirect" title="What Am I Doing in the Middle of the Revolution?">What Am I Doing in the Middle of the Revolution?</a> (1972).<a href="#cite_note-scian-69">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a> In addition, Morricone composed music for the western films by <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Sollima" title="Sergio Sollima">Sergio Sollima</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Big_Gundown" title="The Big Gundown">The Big Gundown</a> (with <a href="/wiki/Lee_Van_Cleef" title="Lee Van Cleef">Lee Van Cleef</a>, 1966), <a href="/wiki/Face_to_Face_(1967_film)" title="Face to Face (1967 film)">Face to Face</a> (1967), and <a href="/wiki/Run,_Man,_Run" title="Run, Man, Run">Run, Man, Run</a> (1968), as well as the 1970 crime thriller <a href="/wiki/Citt%C3%A0_violenta" class="mw-redirect" title="Città violenta">Violent City</a> (with <a href="/wiki/Charles_Bronson" title="Charles Bronson">Charles Bronson</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/Poliziotteschi" title="Poliziotteschi">poliziottesco</a> film <a href="/wiki/Revolver_(1973_film)" title="Revolver (1973 film)">Revolver</a> (1973).<a href="#cite_note-scian-69">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[71]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_westerns">Other westerns</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Other westerns">edit</a>]</div> Other relevant scores for less popular Spaghetti Westerns include <a href="/wiki/Duello_nel_Texas" title="Duello nel Texas">Duello nel Texas</a> (1963), <a href="/wiki/Bullets_Don%27t_Argue" title="Bullets Don't Argue">Bullets Don't Argue</a> (1964), <a href="/wiki/A_Pistol_for_Ringo" title="A Pistol for Ringo">A Pistol for Ringo</a> (1965), <a href="/wiki/The_Return_of_Ringo" title="The Return of Ringo">The Return of Ringo</a> (1965), <a href="/wiki/Seven_Guns_for_the_MacGregors" title="Seven Guns for the MacGregors">Seven Guns for the MacGregors</a> (1966), <a href="/wiki/The_Hills_Run_Red_(1966_film)" title="The Hills Run Red (1966 film)">The Hills Run Red</a> (1966), <a href="/wiki/Giulio_Petroni" title="Giulio Petroni">Giulio Petroni</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Death_Rides_a_Horse" title="Death Rides a Horse">Death Rides a Horse</a> (1967) and <a href="/wiki/Tepepa" title="Tepepa">Tepepa</a> (1968), <a href="/wiki/A_Bullet_for_the_General" title="A Bullet for the General">A Bullet for the General</a> (1967), <a href="/wiki/Guns_for_San_Sebastian" title="Guns for San Sebastian">Guns for San Sebastian</a> (with <a href="/wiki/Charles_Bronson" title="Charles Bronson">Charles Bronson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Quinn" title="Anthony Quinn">Anthony Quinn</a>, 1968), <a href="/wiki/A_Sky_Full_of_Stars_for_a_Roof" title="A Sky Full of Stars for a Roof">A Sky Full of Stars for a Roof</a> (1968), <a href="/wiki/The_Five_Man_Army" title="The Five Man Army">The Five Man Army</a> (1969), <a href="/wiki/Don_Siegel" title="Don Siegel">Don Siegel</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Two_Mules_for_Sister_Sara" title="Two Mules for Sister Sara">Two Mules for Sister Sara</a> (1970), <a href="/wiki/Life_Is_Tough,_Eh_Providence%3F" title="Life Is Tough, Eh Providence?">Life Is Tough, Eh Providence?</a> (1972), and <a href="/wiki/Buddy_Goes_West" title="Buddy Goes West">Buddy Goes West</a> (1981).<a href="#cite_note-Leinberger-17">[17]</a>: 115–117  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dramas_and_political_movies">Dramas and political movies</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Dramas and political movies">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ennio_Morricone_Cannes_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Ennio_Morricone_Cannes_2012.jpg/150px-Ennio_Morricone_Cannes_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Ennio_Morricone_Cannes_2012.jpg/225px-Ennio_Morricone_Cannes_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Ennio_Morricone_Cannes_2012.jpg/300px-Ennio_Morricone_Cannes_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Morricone in 2012</figcaption></figure> With Leone's films, Ennio Morricone's name had been put firmly on the map. Most of Morricone's film scores of the 1960s were composed outside the Spaghetti Western genre, while still using Alessandroni's team. Their music included the themes for Il Malamondo (1964), Slalom (1965), and Listen, Let's Make Love (1967). In 1968, Morricone reduced his work outside the movie business and wrote scores for 20 films in the same year. The scores included psychedelic accompaniment for <a href="/wiki/Mario_Bava" title="Mario Bava">Mario Bava</a>'s superhero romp <a href="/wiki/Danger:_Diabolik" title="Danger: Diabolik">Danger: Diabolik</a> (1968).<a href="#cite_note-73">[72]</a> Morricone collaborated with <a href="/wiki/Marco_Bellocchio" title="Marco Bellocchio">Marco Bellocchio</a> (<a href="/wiki/Fists_in_the_Pocket" title="Fists in the Pocket">Fists in the Pocket</a>, 1965), <a href="/wiki/Gillo_Pontecorvo" title="Gillo Pontecorvo">Gillo Pontecorvo</a> (<a href="/wiki/The_Battle_of_Algiers" title="The Battle of Algiers">The Battle of Algiers</a> (1966), and <a href="/wiki/Burn!_(1969_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Burn! (1969 film)">Queimada!</a> (1969) with <a href="/wiki/Marlon_Brando" title="Marlon Brando">Marlon Brando</a>), <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Faenza" title="Roberto Faenza">Roberto Faenza</a> (H2S, 1968), Giuliano Montaldo (<a href="/wiki/Sacco_e_Vanzetti_(1971_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacco e Vanzetti (1971 film)">Sacco e Vanzetti</a>, 1971), <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Patroni_Griffi" title="Giuseppe Patroni Griffi">Giuseppe Patroni Griffi</a> (<a href="/wiki/%27Tis_Pity_She%27s_a_Whore_(film)" title="'Tis Pity She's a Whore (film)">'Tis Pity She's a Whore</a>, 1971), Mauro Bolognini (<a href="/wiki/Drama_of_the_Rich" class="mw-redirect" title="Drama of the Rich">Drama of the Rich</a>, 1974), <a href="/wiki/Umberto_Lenzi" title="Umberto Lenzi">Umberto Lenzi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Almost_Human_(1974_film)" title="Almost Human (1974 film)">Almost Human</a>, 1974), <a href="/wiki/Pier_Paolo_Pasolini" title="Pier Paolo Pasolini">Pier Paolo Pasolini</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sal%C3%B2,_or_the_120_Days_of_Sodom" title="Salò, or the 120 Days of Sodom">Salò, or the 120 Days of Sodom</a>, 1975), Bernardo Bertolucci (<a href="/wiki/1900_(film)" title="1900 (film)">Novecento</a>, 1976), and <a href="/wiki/Tinto_Brass" title="Tinto Brass">Tinto Brass</a> (<a href="/wiki/The_Key_(1983_film)" title="The Key (1983 film)">The Key</a>, 1983 and <a href="/wiki/Senso_%2745" title="Senso '45">Senso '45</a>, 2002).<a href="#cite_note-Leinberger-17">[17]</a>: 115–116  In 1970, Morricone wrote the score for Violent City. That same year, he received his first <a href="/wiki/Nastro_d%27Argento" title="Nastro d'Argento">Nastro d'Argento</a> for the music in <a href="/wiki/Metti_una_sera_a_cena" class="mw-redirect" title="Metti una sera a cena">Metti una sera a cena</a> (<a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Patroni_Griffi" title="Giuseppe Patroni Griffi">Giuseppe Patroni Griffi</a>, 1969) and his second only a year later for <a href="/wiki/Sacco_e_Vanzetti_(1971_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacco e Vanzetti (1971 film)">Sacco e Vanzetti</a> (Giuliano Montaldo, 1971), in which he collaborated with the legendary American folk singer and activist <a href="/wiki/Joan_Baez" title="Joan Baez">Joan Baez</a>. His soundtrack for Sacco e Vanzetti contains another well-known composition by Morricone, the folk song "<a href="/wiki/Here%27s_to_You_(song)" title="Here's to You (song)">Here's to You</a>", sung by Baez. For the writing of the lyrics, Baez was inspired by a letter from Bartolomeo Vanzetti: "Father, yes, I am a prisoner / Fear not to relay my crime". The song was later included in movies such as <a href="/wiki/The_Life_Aquatic_with_Steve_Zissou" title="The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou">The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou</a>.<a href="#cite_note-74">[73]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Giallo_and_Horror">Giallo and Horror</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Giallo and Horror">edit</a>]</div> Morricone's eclecticism found its way to films in the horror genre, such as the giallo thrillers of <a href="/wiki/Dario_Argento" title="Dario Argento">Dario Argento</a>, from <a href="/wiki/The_Bird_with_the_Crystal_Plumage" title="The Bird with the Crystal Plumage">The Bird with the Crystal Plumage</a> (1970), <a href="/wiki/The_Cat_o%27_Nine_Tails" title="The Cat o' Nine Tails">The Cat o' Nine Tails</a> (1971), and <a href="/wiki/Four_Flies_on_Grey_Velvet" title="Four Flies on Grey Velvet">Four Flies on Grey Velvet</a> (1971) to <a href="/wiki/The_Stendhal_Syndrome" title="The Stendhal Syndrome">The Stendhal Syndrome</a> (1996) and <a href="/wiki/The_Phantom_of_the_Opera_(1998_film)" title="The Phantom of the Opera (1998 film)">The Phantom of the Opera</a> (1998). His other horror scores include <a href="/wiki/Nightmare_Castle" title="Nightmare Castle">Nightmare Castle</a> (1965), <a href="/wiki/A_Quiet_Place_in_the_Country" title="A Quiet Place in the Country">A Quiet Place in the Country</a> (1968), <a href="/wiki/The_Antichrist_(film)" title="The Antichrist (film)">The Antichrist</a> (1974), and <a href="/wiki/Last_Stop_on_the_Night_Train" title="Last Stop on the Night Train">Night Train Murders</a> (1975). In addition, Morricone composed music for many popular and cult Italian <a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">giallo</a> films, such as <a href="/wiki/Senza_sapere_niente_di_lei" title="Senza sapere niente di lei">Unknown Woman</a> (1969), <a href="/wiki/Le_foto_proibite_di_una_signora_per_bene" title="Le foto proibite di una signora per bene">Forbidden Photos of a Lady Above Suspicion</a> (1970), <a href="/wiki/A_Lizard_in_a_Woman%27s_Skin" title="A Lizard in a Woman's Skin">A Lizard in a Woman's Skin</a> (1971), <a href="/wiki/Cold_Eyes_of_Fear" title="Cold Eyes of Fear">Cold Eyes of Fear</a> (1971), <a href="/wiki/The_Fifth_Cord" title="The Fifth Cord">The Fifth Cord</a> (1971), <a href="/wiki/Short_Night_of_Glass_Dolls" title="Short Night of Glass Dolls">Short Night of Glass Dolls</a> (1971), <a href="/wiki/Black_Belly_of_the_Tarantula" title="Black Belly of the Tarantula">The Black Belly of the Tarantula</a> (1971) <a href="/wiki/My_Dear_Killer" title="My Dear Killer">My Dear Killer</a> (1972), <a href="/wiki/What_Have_You_Done_to_Solange%3F" title="What Have You Done to Solange?">What Have You Done to Solange?</a> (1972), <a href="/wiki/Who_Saw_Her_Die%3F" title="Who Saw Her Die?">Who Saw Her Die?</a> (1972), <a href="/wiki/Spasmo" title="Spasmo">Spasmo</a> (1974), and <a href="/wiki/Autopsy_(1975_film)" title="Autopsy (1975 film)">Autopsy</a> (1975). In 1977 Morricone scored <a href="/wiki/John_Boorman" title="John Boorman">John Boorman</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Exorcist_II:_The_Heretic" title="Exorcist II: The Heretic">Exorcist II: The Heretic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alberto_De_Martino" title="Alberto De Martino">Alberto De Martino</a>'s apocalyptic horror film <a href="/wiki/Holocaust_2000" title="Holocaust 2000">Holocaust 2000</a>, starring <a href="/wiki/Kirk_Douglas" title="Kirk Douglas">Kirk Douglas</a>. In 1982 he composed the score for <a href="/wiki/John_Carpenter" title="John Carpenter">John Carpenter</a>'s science fiction horror movie <a href="/wiki/The_Thing_(1982_film)" title="The Thing (1982 film)">The Thing</a>.<a href="#cite_note-AFI-75">[74]</a> Morricone's main theme for the film was reflected in <a href="/wiki/Marco_Beltrami" title="Marco Beltrami">Marco Beltrami</a>'s film's score of <a href="/wiki/The_Thing_(2011_film)" title="The Thing (2011 film)">prequel of the 1982 film</a>, which was released in 2011. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hollywood_career">Hollywood career</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Hollywood career">edit</a>]</div> The Dollars Trilogy was not released in the United States until 1967 when <a href="/wiki/United_Artists" title="United Artists">United Artists</a>, who had already enjoyed success distributing the British-produced <a href="/wiki/James_Bond_in_film" class="mw-redirect" title="James Bond in film">James Bond</a> films in the United States, decided to release Sergio Leone's Spaghetti Westerns. The American release gave Morricone an exposure in America and his film music became quite popular in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-76">[75]</a> One of Morricone's first contributions to an American director concerned his music for the religious epic film <a href="/wiki/The_Bible:_In_the_Beginning..." title="The Bible: In the Beginning...">The Bible: In the Beginning...</a> by <a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a>. According to Sergio Miceli's book Morricone, la musica, il cinema, Morricone wrote about 15 or 16 minutes of music, which were recorded for a screen test and conducted by <a href="/wiki/Franco_Ferrara" title="Franco Ferrara">Franco Ferrara</a>. At first Morricone's teacher <a href="/wiki/Goffredo_Petrassi" title="Goffredo Petrassi">Goffredo Petrassi</a> had been engaged to write the score for the great big-budget epic, but Huston preferred another composer. <a href="/wiki/RCA_Records" title="RCA Records">RCA Records</a> then proposed Morricone who was under contract with them, but a conflict between the film's producer <a href="/wiki/Dino_De_Laurentiis" title="Dino De Laurentiis">Dino De Laurentiis</a> and RCA occurred. The producer wanted to have exclusive rights for the soundtrack, while RCA still had the monopoly on Morricone at that time and did not want to release the composer. Subsequently, Morricone's work was rejected because he did not get permission from RCA to work for Dino De Laurentiis alone. The composer reused the parts of his unused score for The Bible: In the Beginning in such films as <a href="/wiki/The_Return_of_Ringo" title="The Return of Ringo">The Return of Ringo</a> (1965) by <a href="/wiki/Duccio_Tessari" title="Duccio Tessari">Duccio Tessari</a> and Alberto Negrin's <a href="/wiki/The_Secret_of_the_Sahara" title="The Secret of the Sahara">The Secret of the Sahara</a> (1987). Morricone never left Rome to compose his music and never learned to speak English. But given that the composer always worked in a wide field of composition genres, from "<a href="/wiki/Absolute_music" title="Absolute music">absolute music</a>", which he always produced, to "applied music", working as orchestrator as well as conductor in the recording field, and then as a composer for theatre, radio, and cinema, the impression arises that he never really cared that much about his standing in the eyes of Hollywood.<a href="#cite_note-77">[76]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1970–1985:_From_Two_Mules_to_Red_Sonja">1970–1985: From Two Mules to Red Sonja</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: 1970–1985: From Two Mules to Red Sonja">edit</a>]</div> In 1970, Morricone composed the music for <a href="/wiki/Don_Siegel" title="Don Siegel">Don Siegel</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Two_Mules_for_Sister_Sara" title="Two Mules for Sister Sara">Two Mules for Sister Sara</a>, an American-Mexican western film starring <a href="/wiki/Shirley_MacLaine" title="Shirley MacLaine">Shirley MacLaine</a> and Clint Eastwood. The same year the composer also delivered the title theme The Men from Shiloh for the American Western television series <a href="/wiki/The_Virginian_(TV_series)" title="The Virginian (TV series)">The Virginian</a>.<a href="#cite_note-78">[77]</a> In 1974–1975 Morricone wrote music for Spazio 1999, an Italian-produced compilation movie made to launch the Italian-British television series <a href="/wiki/Space:_1999" title="Space: 1999">Space: 1999</a>,<a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a> while the original episodes featured music by <a href="/wiki/Barry_Gray" title="Barry Gray">Barry Gray</a>. A soundtrack album was only released on CD in 2016<a href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a> and on <a href="/wiki/LP_record" title="LP record">LP</a> in 2017.<a href="#cite_note-81">[80]</a> In 1975 he scored the <a href="/wiki/George_Kennedy" title="George Kennedy">George Kennedy</a> revenge thriller <a href="/wiki/The_%22Human%22_Factor_(1975_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The "Human" Factor (1975 film)">The "Human" Factor</a>, which was the final film of director <a href="/wiki/Edward_Dmytryk" title="Edward Dmytryk">Edward Dmytryk</a>. Two years later he composed the score for the sequel to <a href="/wiki/William_Friedkin" title="William Friedkin">William Friedkin</a>'s 1973 film <a href="/wiki/The_Exorcist_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Exorcist (film)">The Exorcist</a>, directed by <a href="/wiki/John_Boorman" title="John Boorman">John Boorman</a>: <a href="/wiki/Exorcist_II:_The_Heretic" title="Exorcist II: The Heretic">Exorcist II: The Heretic</a>. The horror film was a major disappointment at the box office. The film grossed US$30,749,142 in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-82">[81]</a> In 1978, the composer worked with <a href="/wiki/Terrence_Malick" title="Terrence Malick">Terrence Malick</a> for <a href="/wiki/Days_of_Heaven" title="Days of Heaven">Days of Heaven</a> starring <a href="/wiki/Richard_Gere" title="Richard Gere">Richard Gere</a>, for which he earned his first nomination at the Oscars for Best Original Score.<a href="#cite_note-83">[82]</a> Despite the fact that Morricone had produced some of the most popular and widely imitated film music ever written throughout the 1960s and 1970s, Days of Heaven earned him his first <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Oscar nomination</a> for <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Academy Award for Best Original Score">Best Original Score</a>, with his score up against <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Goldsmith" title="Jerry Goldsmith">Jerry Goldsmith</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Boys_from_Brazil_(film)" title="The Boys from Brazil (film)">The Boys from Brazil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dave_Grusin" title="Dave Grusin">Dave Grusin</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Heaven_Can_Wait_(1978_film)" title="Heaven Can Wait (1978 film)">Heaven Can Wait</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Moroder" title="Giorgio Moroder">Giorgio Moroder</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Midnight_Express_(film)" title="Midnight Express (film)">Midnight Express</a> (the eventual winner), and <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Superman_(1978_film)" title="Superman (1978 film)">Superman: The Movie</a> at the <a href="/wiki/51st_Academy_Awards" title="51st Academy Awards">Oscar ceremonies</a> in 1979.<a href="#cite_note-84">[83]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1986–2020:_From_The_Mission_to_The_Hateful_Eight">1986–2020: From The Mission to The Hateful Eight</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: 1986–2020: From The Mission to The Hateful Eight">edit</a>]</div> Association with Roland Joffé <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/The_Mission_(soundtrack)" title="The Mission (soundtrack)">The Mission (soundtrack)</a></div> The Mission, directed by Joffé, was about a piece of history considerably more distant, as <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of Jesus">Spanish Jesuit</a> <a href="/wiki/Missionary" title="Missionary">missionaries</a> see their work undone as a tribe of Paraguayan natives fall within a territorial dispute between the Spanish and Portuguese. At one point the score was one of the world's best-selling film scores, selling over 3 million copies worldwide.<a href="#cite_note-85">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[85]</a> Morricone finally received a second Oscar nomination for The Mission.<a href="#cite_note-oscars.org-87">[86]</a> Morricone's original score lost out to <a href="/wiki/Herbie_Hancock" title="Herbie Hancock">Herbie Hancock</a>'s coolly arranged jazz on <a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Tavernier" title="Bertrand Tavernier">Bertrand Tavernier</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Round_Midnight_(film)" title="Round Midnight (film)">Round Midnight</a>. It was considered a surprising win and a controversial one, given that much of the music in the film was pre-existing.<a href="#cite_note-hitfix.com-88">[87]</a> Morricone stated the following during a 2001 interview with <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>: "I definitely felt that I should have won for The Mission. Especially when you consider that the Oscar winner that year was Round Midnight, which was not an original score. It had a very good arrangement by Herbie Hancock, but it used existing pieces. So there could be no comparison with The Mission. There was a theft!"<a href="#cite_note-Sweeting_interview-89">[88]</a> His score for The Mission was ranked at number 1 in a poll of the all-time greatest film scores. The top 10 list was compiled by 40 film composers such as <a href="/wiki/Michael_Giacchino" title="Michael Giacchino">Michael Giacchino</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carter_Burwell" title="Carter Burwell">Carter Burwell</a>.<a href="#cite_note-hitfix.com-88">[87]</a> The score is ranked 23rd on the AFI's list of 25 greatest film scores of all time.<a href="#cite_note-90">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Association_with_De_Palma_and_Levinson">Association with De Palma and Levinson</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Association with De Palma and Levinson">edit</a>]</div> On three occasions, Brian De Palma worked with Morricone: <a href="/wiki/The_Untouchables_(film)" title="The Untouchables (film)">The Untouchables</a> (1987), the 1989 war drama <a href="/wiki/Casualties_of_War" title="Casualties of War">Casualties of War</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_film" title="Science fiction film">science fiction film</a> <a href="/wiki/Mission_to_Mars" title="Mission to Mars">Mission to Mars</a> (2000).<a href="#cite_note-AFI-75">[74]</a> Morricone's score for The Untouchables resulted in his third nomination for <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Academy Award for Best Original Score">Academy Award for Best Original Score</a>.<a href="#cite_note-91">[90]</a> In a 2001 interview with <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>, Morricone stated that he had good experiences with De Palma: "De Palma is delicious! He respects music, he respects composers. For The Untouchables, everything I proposed to him was fine, but then he wanted a piece that I didn't like at all, and of course, we didn't have an agreement on that. It was something I didn't want to write – a triumphal piece for the police. I think I wrote nine different pieces for this in total and I said, 'Please don't choose the sixth!' because it was the worst. And guess what he chose? The sixth one. But it really suits the movie."<a href="#cite_note-Sweeting_interview-89">[88]</a> Another American director, Barry Levinson, commissioned the composer on two occasions. First, for the crime-drama Bugsy, starring Warren Beatty, which received ten Oscar nominations,<a href="#cite_note-92">[91]</a> winning two for <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Production_Design" title="Academy Award for Best Production Design">Best Art Direction-Set Decoration</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dennis_Gassner" title="Dennis Gassner">Dennis Gassner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Haigh" title="Nancy Haigh">Nancy Haigh</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design" title="Academy Award for Best Costume Design">Best Costume Design</a>.<a href="#cite_note-93">[92]</a> "He doesn't have a piano in his studio, I always thought that with composers, you sit at the piano, and you try to find the melody. There's no such thing with Morricone. He hears a melody, and he writes it down. He hears the orchestration completely done", said Levinson in an interview.<a href="#cite_note-94">[93]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_notable_Hollywood_scores">Other notable Hollywood scores</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Other notable Hollywood scores">edit</a>]</div> During his career in Hollywood, Morricone was approached for numerous other projects, including the <a href="/wiki/Gregory_Nava" title="Gregory Nava">Gregory Nava</a> drama <a href="/wiki/A_Time_of_Destiny" title="A Time of Destiny">A Time of Destiny</a> (1988),<a href="#cite_note-95">[94]</a> <a href="/wiki/Frantic_(film)" title="Frantic (film)">Frantic</a> by Polish-French director <a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a> (1988, starring <a href="/wiki/Harrison_Ford" title="Harrison Ford">Harrison Ford</a>), <a href="/wiki/Franco_Zeffirelli" title="Franco Zeffirelli">Franco Zeffirelli</a>'s 1990 drama film <a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1990_film)" title="Hamlet (1990 film)">Hamlet</a> (starring <a href="/wiki/Mel_Gibson" title="Mel Gibson">Mel Gibson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Close" title="Glenn Close">Glenn Close</a>), the <a href="/wiki/Neo-noir" title="Neo-noir">neo-noir</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[95]</a> <a href="/wiki/Crime_film" title="Crime film">crime film</a> <a href="/wiki/State_of_Grace_(1990_film)" title="State of Grace (1990 film)">State of Grace</a> by <a href="/wiki/Phil_Joanou" title="Phil Joanou">Phil Joanou</a> (1990, starring <a href="/wiki/Sean_Penn" title="Sean Penn">Sean Penn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ed_Harris" title="Ed Harris">Ed Harris</a>),<a href="#cite_note-97">[96]</a> <a href="/wiki/Rampage_(1987_film)" title="Rampage (1987 film)">Rampage</a> (1992) by <a href="/wiki/William_Friedkin" title="William Friedkin">William Friedkin</a>,<a href="#cite_note-98">[97]</a> and the romantic drama <a href="/wiki/Love_Affair_(1994_film)" title="Love Affair (1994 film)">Love Affair</a> (1994) by Warren Beatty.<a href="#cite_note-99">[98]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Association_with_Quentin_Tarantino">Association with Quentin Tarantino</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Association with Quentin Tarantino">edit</a>]</div> In 2009, Tarantino originally wanted Morricone to compose the film score for <a href="/wiki/Inglourious_Basterds" title="Inglourious Basterds">Inglourious Basterds</a>.<a href="#cite_note-100">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[100]</a> Morricone was unable to, because the film's sped-up production schedule conflicted with his scoring of Giuseppe Tornatore's <a href="/wiki/Baar%C3%ACa_(film)" title="Baarìa (film)">Baarìa</a>.<a href="#cite_note-102">[101]</a> However, Tarantino did use eight tracks composed by Morricone in the film, with four of them included on the <a href="/wiki/Inglourious_Basterds_(soundtrack)" title="Inglourious Basterds (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a>. The tracks came originally from Morricone's scores for <a href="/wiki/The_Big_Gundown" title="The Big Gundown">The Big Gundown</a> (1966), <a href="/wiki/Revolver_(1973_film)" title="Revolver (1973 film)">Revolver</a> (1973) and <a href="/wiki/Allonsanf%C3%A0n" title="Allonsanfàn">Allonsanfàn</a> (1974).<a href="#cite_note-103">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[103]</a> In 2012, Morricone composed the song "Ancora Qui" with lyrics by Italian singer <a href="/wiki/Elisa_(Italian_singer)" title="Elisa (Italian singer)">Elisa</a> for Tarantino's <a href="/wiki/Django_Unchained" title="Django Unchained">Django Unchained</a>, a track that appeared together with three existing music tracks composed by Morricone on the <a href="/wiki/Django_Unchained_(soundtrack)" title="Django Unchained (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a>. "Ancora Qui" was one of the contenders for an Academy Award nomination in the Best Original Song category, but eventually the song was not nominated.<a href="#cite_note-105">[104]</a> On 4 January 2013 Morricone presented Tarantino with a Life Achievement Award at a special ceremony being cast as a continuation of the <a href="/wiki/Rome_Film_Festival" title="Rome Film Festival">International Rome Film Festival</a>.<a href="#cite_note-106">[105]</a> In 2014, Morricone was misquoted as claiming that he would "never work" with Tarantino again,<a href="#cite_note-107">[106]</a> and later agreed to write an original film score for Tarantino's <a href="/wiki/The_Hateful_Eight" title="The Hateful Eight">The Hateful Eight</a>, which won him an Academy Award in 2016 in the Best Original Score category.<a href="#cite_note-Brigden-108">[107]</a> His nomination for this film marked him at that time as the second oldest nominee in Academy history, behind <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Stuart" title="Gloria Stuart">Gloria Stuart</a>.<a href="#cite_note-109">[108]</a> Morricone's win marked his first competitive Oscar, and at the age of 87, he became the oldest person at the time to win a competitive Oscar.<a href="#cite_note-110">[109]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Composer_for_Giuseppe_Tornatore">Composer for Giuseppe Tornatore</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Composer for Giuseppe Tornatore">edit</a>]</div> In 1988, Morricone started an ongoing and very successful collaboration with Italian director Giuseppe Tornatore. His first score for Tornatore was for the drama film Cinema Paradiso. The international version of the film won the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Prix_(Cannes_Film_Festival)" title="Grand Prix (Cannes Film Festival)">Special Jury Prize</a> at the <a href="/wiki/1989_Cannes_Film_Festival" title="1989 Cannes Film Festival">1989 Cannes Film Festival</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[110]</a> and the 1989 <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Foreign_Language_Film" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film">Best Foreign Language Film</a> <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Oscar</a>. Morricone received a <a href="/wiki/BAFTA" class="mw-redirect" title="BAFTA">BAFTA</a> award with his son <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Morricone" title="Andrea Morricone">Andrea</a>, and a <a href="/wiki/David_di_Donatello" title="David di Donatello">David di Donatello</a> for his score. In 2002, the <a href="/wiki/Director%27s_cut" title="Director's cut">director's cut</a> 173-minute version was released (known in the US as Cinema Paradiso: The New Version).<a href="#cite_note-Brigden-108">[107]</a> After the success of Cinema Paradiso, the composer wrote the music for all subsequent films by Tornatore: the drama film <a href="/wiki/Everybody%27s_Fine_(1990_film)" title="Everybody's Fine (1990 film)">Everybody's Fine</a> (Stanno Tutti Bene, 1990), <a href="/wiki/A_Pure_Formality" title="A Pure Formality">A Pure Formality</a> (1994) starring <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Depardieu" title="Gérard Depardieu">Gérard Depardieu</a> and Roman Polanski, <a href="/wiki/The_Star_Maker_(1995_film)" title="The Star Maker (1995 film)">The Star Maker</a> (1995), <a href="/wiki/The_Legend_of_1900" title="The Legend of 1900">The Legend of 1900</a> (1998) starring <a href="/wiki/Tim_Roth" title="Tim Roth">Tim Roth</a>, the 2000 romantic drama <a href="/wiki/Mal%C3%A8na_(soundtrack)" title="Malèna (soundtrack)">Malèna</a> (which featured <a href="/wiki/Monica_Bellucci" title="Monica Bellucci">Monica Bellucci</a>) and the psychological thriller mystery film <a href="/wiki/La_sconosciuta" class="mw-redirect" title="La sconosciuta">La sconosciuta</a> (2006). Morricone also composed the scores for <a href="/wiki/Baar%C3%ACa_(film)" title="Baarìa (film)">Baarìa</a> (2009), <a href="/wiki/The_Best_Offer" title="The Best Offer">The Best Offer</a> (2013) starring <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Rush" title="Geoffrey Rush">Geoffrey Rush</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Sturgess" title="Jim Sturgess">Jim Sturgess</a> and <a href="/wiki/Donald_Sutherland" title="Donald Sutherland">Donald Sutherland</a> and the romantic drama <a href="/wiki/The_Correspondence" title="The Correspondence">The Correspondence</a> (2015)<a href="#cite_note-Brigden-108">[107]</a> The composer won several music awards for his scores in Tornatore's movies. Morricone received a fifth Academy Award nomination and a <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Globe">Golden Globe</a> nomination for Malèna. For Legend of 1900, he won a <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score">Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score</a>.<a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a> In September 2021 Tornatore presented out of competition at the <a href="/wiki/78th_Venice_International_Film_Festival" title="78th Venice International Film Festival">78th Venice International Film Festival</a> a documentary film about Morricone, <a href="/wiki/Ennio_(film)" title="Ennio (film)">Ennio</a>.<a href="#cite_note-113">[112]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television_series_and_last_works">Television series and last works</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Television series and last works">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mattarella_Morricone_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Mattarella_Morricone_2016.jpg/220px-Mattarella_Morricone_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Mattarella_Morricone_2016.jpg/330px-Mattarella_Morricone_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Mattarella_Morricone_2016.jpg/440px-Mattarella_Morricone_2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2378" data-file-height="1598" /></a><figcaption>Morricone with the Italian President, <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Mattarella" title="Sergio Mattarella">Sergio Mattarella</a>, in 2016</figcaption></figure> Morricone wrote the score for <a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Mafia" title="Sicilian Mafia">the Mafia</a> television series <a href="/wiki/La_piovra" title="La piovra">La piovra</a> seasons 2 to 10 from 1985 to 2001, including the themes "Droga e sangue" ("Drugs and Blood"), "La Morale", and "L'Immorale". Morricone worked as the conductor of seasons 3 to 5 of the series. He also worked as the music supervisor for the television project La bibbia ("The Bible").<a href="#cite_note-114">[113]</a> In the late 1990s, he collaborated with his son Andrea on the Ultimo crime dramas, resulting in Ultimo (1998), Ultimo 2 – La sfida (1999), Ultimo 3 – L'infiltrato (2004) and Ultimo 4 – L'occhio del falco (2013).<a href="#cite_note-115">[114]</a> For <a href="/wiki/Canone_inverso" title="Canone inverso">Canone inverso</a> (2000) based on the music-themed novel of the same name by the <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Maurensig" title="Paolo Maurensig">Paolo Maurensig</a>, directed by <a href="/wiki/Ricky_Tognazzi" title="Ricky Tognazzi">Ricky Tognazzi</a> and starring <a href="/wiki/Hans_Matheson" title="Hans Matheson">Hans Matheson</a>, Morricone won Best Score awards in the <a href="/wiki/David_di_Donatello" title="David di Donatello">David di Donatello Awards</a> and <a href="/wiki/Silver_Ribbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Silver Ribbon">Silver Ribbons</a>.<a href="#cite_note-116">[115]</a> In the 2000s, Morricone continued to compose music for successful television series such as <a href="/wiki/Il_Cuore_nel_Pozzo" title="Il Cuore nel Pozzo">Il Cuore nel Pozzo</a> (2005), <a href="/wiki/Karol:_A_Man_Who_Became_Pope" title="Karol: A Man Who Became Pope">Karol: A Man Who Became Pope</a> (2005), La provinciale (2006), <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Falcone" title="Giovanni Falcone">Giovanni Falcone</a> (2007), Pane e libertà (2009) and Come Un Delfino 1–2 (2011–2013).<a href="#cite_note-117">[116]</a> Morricone provided the string arrangements on Morrissey's "Dear God Please Help Me" from the album <a href="/wiki/Ringleader_of_the_Tormentors" title="Ringleader of the Tormentors">Ringleader of the Tormentors</a> in 2006.<a href="#cite_note-118">[117]</a> In 2008, the composer recorded music for a <a href="/wiki/Lancia" title="Lancia">Lancia</a> commercial, featuring <a href="/wiki/Richard_Gere" title="Richard Gere">Richard Gere</a> and directed by <a href="/wiki/Harald_Zwart" title="Harald Zwart">Harald Zwart</a> (known for directing <a href="/wiki/The_Pink_Panther_2" title="The Pink Panther 2">The Pink Panther 2</a>).<a href="#cite_note-119">[118]</a> In spring and summer 2010, Morricone worked with <a href="/wiki/Hayley_Westenra" title="Hayley Westenra">Hayley Westenra</a> for a collaboration on her album <a href="/wiki/Paradiso_(Hayley_Westenra_album)" title="Paradiso (Hayley Westenra album)">Paradiso</a>.<a href="#cite_note-120">[119]</a> The album features new songs written by Morricone, as well as some of his best-known film compositions of the last 50 years.<a href="#cite_note-121">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[121]</a> Westenra recorded the album with Morricone's orchestra in Rome during the summer of 2010.<a href="#cite_note-123">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-124">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-125">[124]</a> Since 1995, he composed the music for several advertising campaigns of <a href="/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana" title="Dolce & Gabbana">Dolce & Gabbana</a>. The commercials were directed by Giuseppe Tornatore.<a href="#cite_note-126">[125]</a> In 2013, Morricone collaborated with Italian singer-songwriter <a href="/wiki/Laura_Pausini" title="Laura Pausini">Laura Pausini</a> on a new version of her hit single "<a href="/wiki/La_solitudine" title="La solitudine">La solitudine</a>" for her 20 years anniversary greatest hits album <a href="/wiki/20_%E2%80%93_The_Greatest_Hits_(Laura_Pausini_album)" title="20 – The Greatest Hits (Laura Pausini album)">20 – The Greatest Hits</a>.<a href="#cite_note-127">[126]</a> Morricone composed the music for The Best Offer (2013) by Giuseppe Tornatore.<a href="#cite_note-128">[127]</a> He wrote the score for Christian Carion's <a href="/wiki/En_mai,_fais_ce_qu%27il_te_plait" class="mw-redirect" title="En mai, fais ce qu'il te plait">En mai, fais ce qu'il te plait</a> (2015) and the most recent movie by Tornatore: <a href="/wiki/The_Correspondence" title="The Correspondence">The Correspondence</a> (2016), featuring <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Irons" title="Jeremy Irons">Jeremy Irons</a> and <a href="/wiki/Olga_Kurylenko" title="Olga Kurylenko">Olga Kurylenko</a>.<a href="#cite_note-129">[128]</a> In July 2015, Quentin Tarantino announced after the screening of footage of his movie The Hateful Eight at <a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Comic-Con" title="San Diego Comic-Con">San Diego Comic-Con</a> that Morricone would score the film, the first Western that Morricone scored since 1981.<a href="#cite_note-130">[129]</a> The score was critically acclaimed and won several awards including the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score">Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Academy Award for Best Original Score">Academy Award for Best Original Score</a>.<a href="#cite_note-131">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[131]</a> In June 2015, Morricone premiered his Missa Papae Francisci (Mass for Pope Francis) at Rome's <a href="/wiki/Chiesa_del_Ges%C3%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="Chiesa del Gesù">Chiesa del Gesù</a><a href="#cite_note-133">[132]</a> with the Orchestra Roma Sinfonietta and choruses from the Accademia Santa Cecilia and the Rome Opera Theater.<a href="#cite_note-134">[133]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Live_performances">Live performances</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Live performances">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Ennio_Morricone_concerts" title="List of Ennio Morricone concerts">List of Ennio Morricone concerts</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WP2015_EnnioMorricone_FFM.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/WP2015_EnnioMorricone_FFM.jpg/220px-WP2015_EnnioMorricone_FFM.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/WP2015_EnnioMorricone_FFM.jpg/330px-WP2015_EnnioMorricone_FFM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/WP2015_EnnioMorricone_FFM.jpg/440px-WP2015_EnnioMorricone_FFM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption>Morricone in the <a href="/wiki/Festhalle_Frankfurt" title="Festhalle Frankfurt">Festhalle Frankfurt</a> in 2015</figcaption></figure> Before receiving his diplomas in trumpet, composition and instrumentation from the conservatory, Morricone was already active as a trumpet player, often performing in an orchestra that specialised in music written for films. After completing his education at <a href="/wiki/Accademia_Nazionale_di_Santa_Cecilia" title="Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia">Saint Cecilia</a>, the composer honed his orchestration skills as an arranger for Italian radio and television. In order to support himself, he moved to RCA in the early sixties and entered the front ranks of the Italian recording industry.<a href="#cite_note-135">[134]</a> Since 1964, Morricone was also a founding member of the Rome-based avant-garde ensemble <a href="/wiki/Gruppo_di_Improvvisazione_Nuova_Consonanza" title="Gruppo di Improvvisazione Nuova Consonanza">Gruppo di Improvvisazione Nuova Consonanza</a>. During the existence of the group (until 1978), Morricone performed several times with the group as trumpet player.<a href="#cite_note-136">[135]</a> To ready his music for live performance, he joined smaller pieces of music together into longer <a href="/wiki/Suite_(music)" title="Suite (music)">suites</a>. Rather than single pieces, which would require the audience to applaud every few minutes, Morricone thought the best idea was to create a series of suites lasting from 15 to 20 minutes, which form a sort of <a href="/wiki/Symphony" title="Symphony">symphony</a> in various <a href="/wiki/Movement_(music)" title="Movement (music)">movements</a> – alternating successful pieces with personal favourites. In concert, Morricone normally had 180 to 200 musicians and vocalists under his baton, performing multiple genre-crossing collections of music. Rock, symphonic and traditional indigenous instruments share the stage.<a href="#cite_note-137">[136]</a> On 20 September 1984 Morricone conducted the <a href="/wiki/Orchestre_national_des_Pays_de_la_Loire" title="Orchestre national des Pays de la Loire">Orchestre national des Pays de la Loire</a> at Cinésymphonie '84 ("Première nuit de la musique de film/First night of film music") in the French concert hall <a href="/wiki/Salle_Pleyel" title="Salle Pleyel">Salle Pleyel</a> in Paris. He performed some of his best-known compositions such as <a href="/wiki/Metti_una_sera_a_cena" class="mw-redirect" title="Metti una sera a cena">Metti una sera a cena</a>, <a href="/wiki/1900_(film)" title="1900 (film)">Novecento</a> and The Good, the Bad and the Ugly.<a href="#cite_note-138">[137]</a> <a href="/wiki/Michel_Legrand" title="Michel Legrand">Michel Legrand</a> and <a href="/wiki/Georges_Delerue" title="Georges Delerue">Georges Delerue</a> performed on the same evening.<a href="#cite_note-139">[138]</a> On 15 October 1987 Morricone gave a concert in front of 12,000 people in the <a href="/wiki/Sportpaleis" title="Sportpaleis">Sportpaleis</a> in Antwerp, Belgium, with the Dutch <a href="/wiki/Metropole_Orchestra" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropole Orchestra">Metropole Orchestra</a> and the Italian operatic soprano <a href="/wiki/Alide_Maria_Salvetta" title="Alide Maria Salvetta">Alide Maria Salvetta</a>.<a href="#cite_note-140">[139]</a> A live-album with a recording of this concert was released in the same year.<a href="#cite_note-141">[140]</a> On 9 June 2000 Morricone went to the <a href="/wiki/Flanders_International_Film_Festival_Ghent" class="mw-redirect" title="Flanders International Film Festival Ghent">Flanders International Film Festival Ghent</a> to conduct his music together with the <a href="/wiki/National_Orchestra_of_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="National Orchestra of Belgium">National Orchestra of Belgium</a>.<a href="#cite_note-142">[141]</a> During the concert's first part, the screening of <a href="/wiki/Richard_III_(play)" title="Richard III (play)">The Life and Death of King Richard III</a> (1912) was accompanied with live music by Morricone. It was the very first time that the score was performed live in Europe. The second part of the evening consisted of an anthology of the composer's work. The event took place on the eve of <a href="/wiki/Euro_2000" class="mw-redirect" title="Euro 2000">Euro 2000</a>, the European Football Championship in Belgium and the Netherlands.<a href="#cite_note-143">[142]</a> Morricone performed over 250 concerts as of 2001.<a href="#cite_note-144">[143]</a> The composer started a world tour in 2001, the latter part sponsored by <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Armani" title="Giorgio Armani">Giorgio Armani</a>, with the <a href="/wiki/Orchestra_Roma_Sinfonietta" title="Orchestra Roma Sinfonietta">Orchestra Roma Sinfonietta</a>, touring London (Barbican 2001; 75th birthday Concerto, Royal Albert Hall 2003 with singer <a href="/wiki/Dulce_Pontes" title="Dulce Pontes">Dulce Pontes</a>), Paris, <a href="/wiki/Verona" title="Verona">Verona</a>, and Tokyo. Morricone performed his classic film scores at the <a href="/wiki/Gasteig" title="Gasteig">Gasteig</a> in Munich in 2004.<a href="#cite_note-145">[144]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Morricone_at_United_Nations_HQ.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Morricone_at_United_Nations_HQ.jpg/220px-Morricone_at_United_Nations_HQ.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Morricone_at_United_Nations_HQ.jpg/330px-Morricone_at_United_Nations_HQ.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Morricone_at_United_Nations_HQ.jpg/440px-Morricone_at_United_Nations_HQ.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Morricone at the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Headquarters" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Headquarters">United Nations Headquarters</a></figcaption></figure> He made his North American concert debut on 3 February 2007 at <a href="/wiki/Radio_City_Music_Hall" title="Radio City Music Hall">Radio City Music Hall</a> in New York City. The previous evening, Morricone had already presented at the United Nations a concert comprising some of his film themes, as well as the cantata Voci dal silenzio to welcome the new Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon. A <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a> review bemoaned the poor acoustics and opined of Morricone: "His stick technique is adequate, but his charisma as a conductor is zero."<a href="#cite_note-146">[145]</a> On 26 February 2012 Morricone made his Australian concert debut when he conducted the Western Australian Youth Orchestra together with a 100 voice chorus (made up primarily of <a href="/wiki/West_Australian_Symphony_Orchestra" title="West Australian Symphony Orchestra">West Australian Symphony Orchestra</a> chorus members) at the Burswood Theatre (part of <a href="/wiki/Crown_Perth" title="Crown Perth">Crown Perth</a> in Perth.<a href="#cite_note-147">[146]</a> On 2 March 2012 he conducted the <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Symphony_Orchestra" title="Adelaide Symphony Orchestra">Adelaide Symphony Orchestra</a> at <a href="/wiki/Elder_Park" title="Elder Park">Elder Park</a>, Adelaide, as part of the <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Festival_of_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Adelaide Festival of Arts">Adelaide Festival of Arts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-148">[147]</a> On 22 December 2012 Morricone conducted the 85-piece Belgian orchestra "Orkest der Lage Landen" and a 100-piece choir during a two-hour concert in the <a href="/wiki/Sportpaleis" title="Sportpaleis">Sportpaleis</a> in Antwerp.<a href="#cite_note-149">[148]</a> In November 2013 Morricone began a world tour to coincide with the 50th anniversary of his film music career and performed in locations such as the <a href="/wiki/Crocus_City_Hall" title="Crocus City Hall">Crocus City Hall</a> in Moscow, <a href="/wiki/Santiago" title="Santiago">Santiago</a>, Chile, Berlin, Germany (<a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Arena_(Berlin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercedes-Benz Arena (Berlin)">O2 World, Germany</a>), Budapest, Hungary, and Vienna (<a href="/wiki/Wiener_Stadthalle" title="Wiener Stadthalle">Stadthalle</a>). Back in June 2014, Morricone had to cancel a US tour in New York (<a href="/wiki/Barclays_Center" title="Barclays Center">Barclays Center</a>) and Los Angeles (<a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Theater" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Theater">Nokia Theatre LA Live</a>) due to a back procedure on 20 February. Morricone postponed the rest of his world tour.<a href="#cite_note-150">[149]</a> In November 2014 Morricone stated that he would resume his European tour starting from February 2015 along with Dulce Pontes.<a href="#cite_note-151">[150]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life_and_death">Personal life and death</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Personal life and death">edit</a>]</div> On 13 October 1956, Morricone married Maria Travia (born 31 December 1932), whom he had met in 1950. Travia wrote lyrics to complement her husband's pieces. Her works include the Latin texts for The Mission. Together, they had four children: Marco (b. 1957), Alessandra (b. 1961), conductor and film composer <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Morricone" title="Andrea Morricone">Andrea</a> (b. 1964) and Giovanni (b. 1966), a filmmaker who lives in New York City.<a href="#cite_note-152">[151]</a> They remained married for 63 years until his death. Morricone lived in Italy his entire life and never desired to live in Hollywood. He described himself as a <a href="/wiki/Christian_leftist" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian leftist">Christian leftist</a>,<a href="#cite_note-153">[152]</a> stating that he voted for the <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democracy_(Italy)" title="Christian Democracy (Italy)">Christian Democracy</a> (DC) for more than 40 years<a href="#cite_note-154">[153]</a> and then, after its dissolution in 1994, he approached the <a href="/wiki/Centre-left_coalition_(Italy)" title="Centre-left coalition (Italy)">centre-left coalition</a>.<a href="#cite_note-155">[154]</a> Morricone loved <a href="/wiki/Chess" title="Chess">chess</a>,<a href="#cite_note-156">[155]</a> having learned the game when he was 11. Before his musical career took off, he played in club tournaments in Rome in the mid-1950s. His first official tournament was in 1964, where he won a prize in the third category for amateurs. He was even coached by 12-time Italian champion <a href="/wiki/FIDE_titles#International_Master_(IM)" title="FIDE titles">IM</a> <a href="/wiki/Stefano_Tatai" title="Stefano Tatai">Stefano Tatai</a> for a while. Soon he got too busy for chess, but he would always keep a keen interest in the game and estimated his peak <a href="/wiki/Elo_rating" class="mw-redirect" title="Elo rating">Elo rating</a> to be nearly 1700.<a href="#cite_note-Ennio_Morricone_Plays_Chess_www-157">[156]</a> Over the years, Morricone played chess with many big names including GMs <a href="/wiki/Garry_Kasparov" title="Garry Kasparov">Garry Kasparov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Karpov" title="Anatoly Karpov">Anatoly Karpov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judit_Polgar" class="mw-redirect" title="Judit Polgar">Judit Polgar</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Peter_Leko" title="Peter Leko">Peter Leko</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Ennio_Morricone_Plays_Chess_www-157">[156]</a> He once held GM <a href="/wiki/Boris_Spassky" title="Boris Spassky">Boris Spassky</a> to a draw<a href="#cite_note-Ennio_Morricone_Plays_Chess_www-157">[156]</a> in a simultaneous competition with 27 players, where Morricone was the last one standing.<a href="#cite_note-158">[157]</a> On 6 July 2020, Morricone died at the <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_Campus_Bio-Medico" title="Università Campus Bio-Medico">Università Campus Bio-Medico</a> in Rome, aged 91, as a result of injuries sustained to his <a href="/wiki/Femur" title="Femur">femur</a> during a fall.<a href="#cite_note-159">[158]</a><a href="#cite_note-160">[159]</a> Following a private funeral in the hospital's chapel, he was entombed in Cimitero Laurentino.<a href="#cite_note-161">[160]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Influence">Influence</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Influence">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_cover_versions_and_samples_of_Ennio_Morricone_compositions" title="List of cover versions and samples of Ennio Morricone compositions">List of cover versions and samples of Ennio Morricone compositions</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-MOS plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-mos" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article needs editing to comply with Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">Manual of Style</a>. Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit">improve the content</a>. (January 2021) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> Ennio Morricone influenced many artists from other styles and genres, including <a href="/wiki/Danger_Mouse_(musician)" title="Danger Mouse (musician)">Danger Mouse</a>,<a href="#cite_note-What_influenced_Danger_Mouse-11">[11]</a> <a href="/wiki/Dire_Straits" title="Dire Straits">Dire Straits</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Mark_Knopfler_of_Dire_Straits-12">[12]</a> <a href="/wiki/Muse_(band)" title="Muse (band)">Muse</a>,<a href="#cite_note-gigwise.com-13">[13]</a> Metallica,<a href="#cite_note-Omnibus_Press-14">[14]</a> <a href="/wiki/Radiohead" title="Radiohead">Radiohead</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Mojo_Collection:_4th_Edition-16">[16]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hans_Zimmer" title="Hans Zimmer">Hans Zimmer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-telegraph.co.uk-10">[10]</a> <ul><li>Morricone's influence extends into the realm of pop music. <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Montenegro" title="Hugo Montenegro">Hugo Montenegro</a> had a hit with a version of the <a href="/wiki/The_Good,_the_Bad_and_the_Ugly_(theme)" title="The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (theme)">main theme</a> from The Good, the Bad and the Ugly in both the United Kingdom and the United States. This was followed by his album of Morricone's music in 1968.</li> <li>Morricone's film music was also recorded by many artists. <a href="/wiki/John_Zorn" title="John Zorn">John Zorn</a> recorded an album of Morricone's music, <a href="/wiki/The_Big_Gundown_(album)" title="The Big Gundown (album)">The Big Gundown</a>, with Keith Rosenberg in the mid-1980s.<a href="#cite_note-162">[161]</a></li> <li>Morricone's Sergio Leone Suite of haunting melodies from the scores he composed for several of the films by <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Leone" title="Sergio Leone">Leone</a>, and performed by Morricone, <a href="/wiki/Roma_Sinfonietta_Orchestra" class="mw-redirect" title="Roma Sinfonietta Orchestra">Roma Sinfonietta Orchestra</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Yo-Yo_Ma" title="Yo-Yo Ma">Yo-Yo Ma</a> on cello, was recorded by <a href="/wiki/CBS/Sony" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS/Sony">CBS/Sony</a> (93456) and is featured on Classical radio stations such as <a href="/wiki/WSMR_(FM)" title="WSMR (FM)">WSMR</a>,<a href="#cite_note-163">[162]</a> a <a href="/wiki/Sarasota,_Florida" title="Sarasota, Florida">Sarasota, Florida</a> radio station.</li> <li>Morricone collaborated with world music artists, such as Portuguese <a href="/wiki/Fado" title="Fado">fado</a> singer Dulce Pontes (in 2003 with Focus, an album praised by <a href="/wiki/Paulo_Coelho" title="Paulo Coelho">Paulo Coelho</a> and where his songbook can be sampled) and <a href="/wiki/Virtuoso" title="Virtuoso">virtuoso</a> cellist <a href="/wiki/Yo-Yo_Ma" title="Yo-Yo Ma">Yo-Yo Ma</a> (in 2004), who both recorded albums of Morricone classics with the Roma Sinfonietta Orchestra and Morricone himself conducting. The album <a href="/wiki/Yo-Yo_Ma_Plays_Ennio_Morricone" title="Yo-Yo Ma Plays Ennio Morricone">Yo-Yo Ma Plays Ennio Morricone</a> sold more than 130,000 copies in 2004.<a href="#cite_note-164">[163]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metallica" title="Metallica">Metallica</a> has used Morricone's "<a href="/wiki/The_Ecstasy_of_Gold" title="The Ecstasy of Gold">The Ecstasy of Gold</a>" as an intro at their concerts since 1983 (shock jocks <a href="/wiki/Opie_and_Anthony" title="Opie and Anthony">Opie and Anthony</a> also used the song at the start of their <a href="/wiki/XM_Satellite_Radio" title="XM Satellite Radio">XM Satellite Radio</a> and <a href="/wiki/CBS_Radio" title="CBS Radio">CBS Radio</a> shows.) The <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Symphony_Orchestra" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco Symphony Orchestra">San Francisco Symphony Orchestra</a> also played it on Metallica's live albums <a href="/wiki/S%26M_(album)" title="S&M (album)">S&M</a> and <a href="/wiki/S%26M2" title="S&M2">S&M2</a>.<a href="#cite_note-165">[164]</a> The theme from A Fistful of Dollars is also used as a concert intro by <a href="/wiki/The_Mars_Volta" title="The Mars Volta">The Mars Volta</a>.<a href="#cite_note-166">[165]</a></li> <li>Morricone inspired the namesake of <a href="/wiki/Morricone_Youth" title="Morricone Youth">Morricone Youth</a>, a New York band dedicated to playing music from film and television, founded by musician and radio host Devon E. Levins in 1999. In addition to composers like <a href="/wiki/Lalo_Schifrin" title="Lalo Schifrin">Lalo Schifrin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Goldsmith" title="Jerry Goldsmith">Jerry Goldsmith</a>, the band has performed music from a large spectrum of Morricone's film career, ranging from his work in the spaghetti westerns to The Exorcist II, as well as original Morricone-inspired pieces.<a href="#cite_note-167">[166]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Western_Orchestra" title="Spaghetti Western Orchestra">Spaghetti Western Orchestra</a> is an Australian tribute band that started in 2004.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiohead" title="Radiohead">Radiohead</a> drew inspiration from the recording style of Morricone for their 1997 album <a href="/wiki/OK_Computer" title="OK Computer">OK Computer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-168">[167]</a></li> <li>Singer and composer <a href="/wiki/Mike_Patton" title="Mike Patton">Mike Patton</a> was heavily influenced by Morricone's more experimental oeuvre<a href="#cite_note-169">[168]</a> and in 2005 he commissioned a compilation album, <a href="/wiki/Crime_and_Dissonance" title="Crime and Dissonance">Crime and Dissonance</a>, of the lesser-known soundtracks by "E Maestro" that was released on his own <a href="/wiki/Ipecac_Recordings" title="Ipecac Recordings">Ipecac Recordings</a> label.<a href="#cite_note-170">[169]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnarls_Barkley" title="Gnarls Barkley">Gnarls Barkley</a>'s hit single "<a href="/wiki/Crazy_(Gnarls_Barkley_song)" title="Crazy (Gnarls Barkley song)">Crazy</a>" (2006) was musically inspired by Morricone.<a href="#cite_note-171">[170]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muse_(band)" title="Muse (band)">Muse</a> cites Morricone as an influence for the songs "City of Delusion", "Hoodoo", and "<a href="/wiki/Knights_of_Cydonia" title="Knights of Cydonia">Knights of Cydonia</a>" on their 2006 album <a href="/wiki/Black_Holes_and_Revelations" title="Black Holes and Revelations">Black Holes and Revelations</a>. The band went on to perform the song "Man with a Harmonica" live played by Chris Wolstenholme, as an intro to "Knights of Cydonia".<a href="#cite_note-172">[171]</a></li> <li>In 2007, the tribute album <a href="/wiki/We_All_Love_Ennio_Morricone" title="We All Love Ennio Morricone">We All Love Ennio Morricone</a> was released, featuring performances by various artists, including <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Brightman" title="Sarah Brightman">Sarah Brightman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Bocelli" title="Andrea Bocelli">Andrea Bocelli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Celine_Dion" title="Celine Dion">Celine Dion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Springsteen" title="Bruce Springsteen">Bruce Springsteen</a> and Metallica.<a href="#cite_note-173">[172]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Turner_(musician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alex Turner (musician)">Alex Turner</a> has noted Morricone's influence on his writing, in particular on <a href="/wiki/The_Last_Shadow_Puppets" title="The Last Shadow Puppets">The Last Shadow Puppets</a> album <a href="/wiki/The_Age_of_the_Understatement" title="The Age of the Understatement">The Age of the Understatement</a> of 2008.<a href="#cite_note-174">[173]</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Lovers_on_the_Sun" title="Lovers on the Sun">Lovers on the Sun</a>", a song released in 2014 by French music producer <a href="/wiki/David_Guetta" title="David Guetta">David Guetta</a>, is influenced by Morricone's western scores.<a href="#cite_note-175">[174]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Prodigy" title="The Prodigy">The Prodigy</a> repurposed Morricone's score from 1966's La Resa Dei Conti (Seconda Caccia) for "<a href="/wiki/The_Big_Gundown" title="The Big Gundown">The Big Gundown</a>" on 2009's <a href="/wiki/Invaders_Must_Die" title="Invaders Must Die">Invaders Must Die</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Calvi" title="Anna Calvi">Anna Calvi</a> has cited Morricone as an influence.<a href="#cite_note-176">[175]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_Girls" title="Sea Girls">Sea Girls</a>' song "<a href="/wiki/Homesick_(Sea_Girls_album)" title="Homesick (Sea Girls album)">Lonely</a>" was written on the day of Morricone's death and is influenced by his music, particularly on the film The Good, the Bad and the Ugly. It was released as a single in February 2022.<a href="#cite_note-177">[176]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ennio_(film)" title="Ennio (film)">Ennio</a>, a 156-minute documentary by Giuseppe Tornatore was released on 22 April 2022 in cinemas and on digital platforms.<a href="#cite_note-178">[177]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabaton_(band)" title="Sabaton (band)">Sabaton</a>, famous for their history based music, based their song on "Audie Murphy (To Hell and Back)" partly on Ennio Morricone's style, according to the band's singer.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discography">Discography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Discography">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_compositions_by_Ennio_Morricone" title="List of compositions by Ennio Morricone">List of compositions by Ennio Morricone</a></div> Morricone sold well over 70 million records worldwide during his career that spanned over seven decades,<a href="#cite_note-179">[178]</a><a href="#cite_note-180">[179]</a> including 6.5 million albums and singles in France,<a href="#cite_note-181">[180]</a> over three million in the United States and more than two million albums in South Korea.<a href="#cite_note-182">[181]</a> In 1971, the composer received his first golden record (disco d'oro) for the sale of 1,000,000 records in Italy<a href="#cite_note-183">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-184">[183]</a> and a "Targa d'Oro" (<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Targa_d%27oro" class="extiw" title="it:Targa d'oro">it</a>) for the worldwide sales of 22 million.<a href="#cite_note-Musicaedischi.it-185">[184]</a> Selected long-time collaborations with directors <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" style="width:175px;">Director </th> <th scope="col" style="width:75px;">Period </th> <th scope="col" style="width:60px;">No. of films </th> <th scope="col" style="width:175px;">Film genre(s) </th> <th scope="col" style="width:450px;">Film titles </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mauro_Bolognini" title="Mauro Bolognini">Mauro Bolognini</a> (°1922–2001) </td> <td>1967–91 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>historical/drama/documentary </td> <td>including <a href="/wiki/Le_streghe" class="mw-redirect" title="Le streghe">Le streghe</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%27assoluto_naturale" title="L'assoluto naturale">L'assoluto naturale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Un_bellissimo_novembre" class="mw-redirect" title="Un bellissimo novembre">Un bellissimo novembre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metello" title="Metello">Metello</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Venetian_Woman" title="The Venetian Woman">The Venetian Woman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Farewell_Moscow" title="Farewell Moscow">Farewell Moscow</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Negrin" title="Alberto Negrin">Alberto Negrin</a> (1940–) </td> <td>1987–2013 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>crime/historic/drama </td> <td>including <a href="/wiki/The_Secret_of_the_Sahara" title="The Secret of the Sahara">The Secret of the Sahara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Voyage_of_Terror:_The_Achille_Lauro_Affair" title="Voyage of Terror: The Achille Lauro Affair">Voyage of Terror: The Achille Lauro Affair</a> and <a href="/wiki/Il_Cuore_nel_Pozzo" title="Il Cuore nel Pozzo">Il Cuore nel Pozzo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Tornatore" title="Giuseppe Tornatore">Giuseppe Tornatore</a> (1956–) </td> <td>1988–2016 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>historical/drama/documentary/advertising campaigns </td> <td>including <a href="/wiki/Cinema_Paradiso" title="Cinema Paradiso">Cinema Paradiso</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Legend_of_1900" title="The Legend of 1900">The Legend of 1900</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mal%C3%A8na_(film)" title="Malèna (film)">Malèna</a>, Baaria and <a href="/wiki/The_Best_Offer" title="The Best Offer">The Best Offer</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Giuliano_Montaldo" title="Giuliano Montaldo">Giuliano Montaldo</a> (1930–2023) </td> <td>1967–2008 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>crime/historic/drama </td> <td>including <a href="/wiki/Grand_Slam_(1967_film)" title="Grand Slam (1967 film)">Grand Slam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sacco_e_Vanzetti_(1971_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacco e Vanzetti (1971 film)">Sacco e Vanzetti</a>, <a href="/wiki/A_Dangerous_Toy" title="A Dangerous Toy">A Dangerous Toy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marco_Polo_(1982_TV_series)" title="Marco Polo (1982 TV series)">Marco Polo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tempo_di_uccidere" class="mw-redirect" title="Tempo di uccidere">Tempo di uccidere</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Luciano_Salce" title="Luciano Salce">Luciano Salce</a> (1922–1989) </td> <td>1959–66 </td> <td>11 </td> <td>comedy/drama/historical </td> <td>including <a href="/wiki/Il_Federale" class="mw-redirect" title="Il Federale">Il Federale</a>, <a href="/wiki/El_Greco_(1966_film)" title="El Greco (1966 film)">El Greco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slalom_(1965_film)" title="Slalom (1965 film)">Slalom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Come_imparai_ad_amare_le_donne" class="mw-redirect" title="Come imparai ad amare le donne">Come imparai ad amare le donne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aldo_Lado" title="Aldo Lado">Aldo Lado</a> (1934–2023) </td> <td>1971–81 </td> <td>9 </td> <td>mystery/thriller </td> <td>including <a href="/wiki/Chi_l%27ha_vista_morire%3F" class="mw-redirect" title="Chi l'ha vista morire?">Chi l'ha vista morire?</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sepolta_viva" class="mw-redirect" title="Sepolta viva">Sepolta viva</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%27ultimo_treno_della_notte" class="mw-redirect" title="L'ultimo treno della notte">L'ultimo treno della notte</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Humanoid_(1979_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Humanoid (1979 film)">L'umanoide</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Faenza" title="Roberto Faenza">Roberto Faenza</a> (1943–) </td> <td>1968–95 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>crime/horror/historical </td> <td>including <a href="/wiki/Escalation_(1968_Italian_film)" title="Escalation (1968 Italian film)">Escalation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Si_salvi_chi_vuole" title="Si salvi chi vuole">Si salvi chi vuole</a>, <a href="/wiki/Copkiller" title="Copkiller">Copkiller</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sostiene_Pereira" title="Sostiene Pereira">Sostiene Pereira</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Leone" title="Sergio Leone">Sergio Leone</a> (1929–1989) </td> <td>1964–84 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>western/crime </td> <td>including the <a href="/wiki/Dollars_Trilogy" title="Dollars Trilogy">Dollars Trilogy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_in_the_West" title="Once Upon a Time in the West">Once Upon a Time in the West</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duck,_You_Sucker!" title="Duck, You Sucker!">Duck, You Sucker!</a>, <a href="/wiki/My_Name_Is_Nobody" title="My Name Is Nobody">My Name Is Nobody</a> and <a href="/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_in_America" title="Once Upon a Time in America">Once Upon a Time in America</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Corbucci" title="Sergio Corbucci">Sergio Corbucci</a> (1927–1990) </td> <td>1966–72 </td> <td>7 </td> <td>western/comedy </td> <td>including <a href="/wiki/Navajo_Joe" title="Navajo Joe">Navajo Joe</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Hellbenders" title="The Hellbenders">The Hellbenders</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Mercenary_(film)" title="The Mercenary (film)">The Mercenary</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Great_Silence" title="The Great Silence">The Great Silence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Compa%C3%B1eros_(film)" title="Compañeros (film)">Compañeros</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sonny_and_Jed" title="Sonny and Jed">Sonny and Jed</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alberto_De_Martino" title="Alberto De Martino">Alberto De Martino</a> (1929–2015) </td> <td>1966–72 </td> <td>7 </td> <td>crime/war/horror </td> <td>including <a href="/wiki/Dirty_Heroes" title="Dirty Heroes">Dirty Heroes</a>, <a href="/wiki/O.K._Connery" title="O.K. Connery">O.K. Connery</a> and <a href="/wiki/Holocaust_2000" title="Holocaust 2000">Holocaust 2000</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pier_Paolo_Pasolini" title="Pier Paolo Pasolini">Pier Paolo Pasolini</a> (1922–1975) </td> <td>1965–1975 </td> <td>7 </td> <td>mystery/historical </td> <td>including <a href="/wiki/The_Hawks_and_the_Sparrows" title="The Hawks and the Sparrows">The Hawks and the Sparrows</a>, <a href="/wiki/Teorema_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Teorema (film)">Teorema</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Decameron_(1971_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Decameron (1971 film)">The Decameron</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Canterbury_Tales_(film)" title="The Canterbury Tales (film)">The Canterbury Tales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Nights_(1974_film)" title="Arabian Nights (1974 film)">Arabian Nights</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sal%C3%B2,_or_the_120_Days_of_Sodom" title="Salò, or the 120 Days of Sodom">Salò, or the 120 Days of Sodom</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elio_Petri" title="Elio Petri">Elio Petri</a> (1929–1982) </td> <td>1968–79 </td> <td>7 </td> <td>crime/horror/historical </td> <td>including <a href="/wiki/A_Quiet_Place_in_the_Country" title="A Quiet Place in the Country">A Quiet Place in the Country</a>, <a href="/wiki/Investigation_of_a_Citizen_Above_Suspicion" title="Investigation of a Citizen Above Suspicion">Investigation of a Citizen Above Suspicion</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Working_Class_Goes_to_Heaven" title="The Working Class Goes to Heaven">The Working Class Goes to Heaven</a> and <a href="/wiki/Todo_modo" title="Todo modo">Todo modo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dario_Argento" title="Dario Argento">Dario Argento</a> (1940–) </td> <td>1968–98 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>horror/gangster/thriller </td> <td>including <a href="/wiki/The_Bird_with_the_Crystal_Plumage" title="The Bird with the Crystal Plumage">The Bird with the Crystal Plumage</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Cat_o%27_Nine_Tails" title="The Cat o' Nine Tails">The Cat o' Nine Tails</a>, <a href="/wiki/Four_Flies_on_Grey_Velvet" title="Four Flies on Grey Velvet">Four Flies on Grey Velvet</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Stendhal_Syndrome" title="The Stendhal Syndrome">The Stendhal Syndrome</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Phantom_of_the_Opera_(1998_film)" title="The Phantom of the Opera (1998 film)">The Phantom of the Opera</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Lizzani" title="Carlo Lizzani">Carlo Lizzani</a> (1922–2013) </td> <td>1965–76 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>comedy/crime/drama </td> <td>including <a href="/wiki/Thrilling_(film)" title="Thrilling (film)">Thrilling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Svegliati_e_uccidi" class="mw-redirect" title="Svegliati e uccidi">Svegliati e uccidi</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Hills_Run_Red_(1966_film)" title="The Hills Run Red (1966 film)">The Hills Run Red</a> and <a href="/wiki/San_Babila-8_P.M." title="San Babila-8 P.M.">San Babila-8 P.M.</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Sollima" title="Sergio Sollima">Sergio Sollima</a> (1921–2015) </td> <td>1966–73 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>western/crime/thriller </td> <td>including <a href="/wiki/The_Big_Gundown" title="The Big Gundown">The Big Gundown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Faccia_a_faccia" class="mw-redirect" title="Faccia a faccia">Faccia a faccia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Run,_Man,_Run" title="Run, Man, Run">Run, Man, Run</a>, <a href="/wiki/Citt%C3%A0_violenta" class="mw-redirect" title="Città violenta">Città violenta</a> and <a href="/wiki/Revolver_(1973_film)" title="Revolver (1973 film)">Revolver</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Henri_Verneuil" title="Henri Verneuil">Henri Verneuil</a> (1920–2002) </td> <td>1968–1979 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>thriller/crime </td> <td><a href="/wiki/La_Bataille_de_San_Sebastian" class="mw-redirect" title="La Bataille de San Sebastian">La Bataille de San Sebastian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Le_clan_des_siciliens" class="mw-redirect" title="Le clan des siciliens">Le clan des siciliens</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Burglars" title="The Burglars">Le Casse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Night_Flight_from_Moscow" title="Night Flight from Moscow">Le Serpent</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peur_sur_la_ville" class="mw-redirect" title="Peur sur la ville">Peur sur la ville</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Giulio_Petroni" title="Giulio Petroni">Giulio Petroni</a> (1917–2010) </td> <td>1968–79 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>western/comedy </td> <td>including <a href="/wiki/Tepepa" title="Tepepa">Tepepa</a>, <a href="/wiki/A_Sky_Full_of_Stars_for_a_Roof" title="A Sky Full of Stars for a Roof">A Sky Full of Stars for a Roof</a> and <a href="/wiki/Death_Rides_a_Horse" title="Death Rides a Horse">Death Rides a Horse</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Bertolucci" title="Bernardo Bertolucci">Bernardo Bertolucci</a> (1940–2018) </td> <td>1964–81 </td> <td>5 </td> <td>drama/historical </td> <td>including <a href="/wiki/Before_the_Revolution" title="Before the Revolution">Before the Revolution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Partner_(1968_film)" title="Partner (1968 film)">Partner</a>, <a href="/wiki/1900_(film)" title="1900 (film)">Novecento</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tragedy_of_a_Ridiculous_Man" title="Tragedy of a Ridiculous Man">Tragedy of a Ridiculous Man</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pasquale_Festa_Campanile" title="Pasquale Festa Campanile">Pasquale Festa Campanile</a> (1927–1986) </td> <td>1967–80 </td> <td>5 </td> <td>comedy/crime </td> <td>including <a href="/wiki/The_Girl_and_the_General" title="The Girl and the General">The Girl and the General</a>, <a href="/wiki/When_Women_Had_Tails" title="When Women Had Tails">When Women Had Tails</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hitch-Hike_(film)" title="Hitch-Hike (film)">Hitch-Hike</a> and <a href="/wiki/Il_ladrone" title="Il ladrone">Il ladrone</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Damiano_Damiani" title="Damiano Damiani">Damiano Damiani</a> (1922–2013) </td> <td>1960–75 </td> <td>5 </td> <td>drama/thriller/western </td> <td>including <a href="/wiki/The_Most_Beautiful_Wife" title="The Most Beautiful Wife">The Most Beautiful Wife</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Case_Is_Closed,_Forget_It" title="The Case Is Closed, Forget It">The Case Is Closed, Forget It</a> and <a href="/wiki/A_Genius,_Two_Partners_and_a_Dupe" title="A Genius, Two Partners and a Dupe">A Genius, Two Partners and a Dupe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (1963–) </td> <td>2001–2015 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>action/thriller/western </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kill_Bill" class="mw-redirect" title="Kill Bill">Kill Bill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Death_Proof" title="Death Proof">Death Proof</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inglourious_Basterds_(soundtrack)" title="Inglourious Basterds (soundtrack)">Inglourious Basterds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Django_Unchained_(soundtrack)" title="Django Unchained (soundtrack)">Django Unchained</a>*<a href="#cite_note-186">[185]</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Hateful_Eight" title="The Hateful Eight">The Hateful Eight</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Duccio_Tessari" title="Duccio Tessari">Duccio Tessari</a> (1926–1994) </td> <td>1965–90 </td> <td>5 </td> <td>western/action/adventure </td> <td>including <a href="/wiki/A_Pistol_for_Ringo" title="A Pistol for Ringo">A Pistol for Ringo</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Return_of_Ringo" title="The Return of Ringo">The Return of Ringo</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Awards and honors">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Ennio_Morricone" title="List of awards and nominations received by Ennio Morricone">List of awards and nominations received by Ennio Morricone</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Per_artem_ad_deum_morricone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Per_artem_ad_deum_morricone.jpg/220px-Per_artem_ad_deum_morricone.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Per_artem_ad_deum_morricone.jpg/330px-Per_artem_ad_deum_morricone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Per_artem_ad_deum_morricone.jpg/440px-Per_artem_ad_deum_morricone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="552" /></a><figcaption>Morricone receives the <a href="/wiki/Per_Artem_ad_Deum_Medal" title="Per Artem ad Deum Medal">Per Artem ad Deum Medal</a> (English: "Through Arts to God") from Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Gianfranco_Ravasi" title="Gianfranco Ravasi">Gianfranco Ravasi</a>.</figcaption></figure> Morricone received his first <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Award</a> nomination in 1979 for the score to Days of Heaven (<a href="/wiki/Terrence_Malick" title="Terrence Malick">Terrence Malick</a>, 1978).<a href="#cite_note-oscars.org-87">[86]</a> He received his second Oscar nomination for <a href="/wiki/The_Mission_(1986_film)" title="The Mission (1986 film)">The Mission</a>.<a href="#cite_note-oscars.org-87">[86]</a> He also received Oscar nominations for his scores to <a href="/wiki/The_Untouchables_(film)" title="The Untouchables (film)">The Untouchables</a> (1987), <a href="/wiki/Bugsy" title="Bugsy">Bugsy</a> (1991), <a href="/wiki/Mal%C3%A8na_(film)" title="Malèna (film)">Malèna</a> (2000), and <a href="/wiki/The_Hateful_Eight" title="The Hateful Eight">The Hateful Eight</a> (2016).<a href="#cite_note-oscars.org-87">[86]</a> In February 2016, Morricone won his first competitive Academy Award for his score to <a href="/wiki/The_Hateful_Eight" title="The Hateful Eight">The Hateful Eight</a>.<a href="#cite_note-187">[186]</a> Morricone and <a href="/wiki/Alex_North" title="Alex North">Alex North</a> are the only composers to receive the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Honorary_Award" title="Academy Honorary Award">Academy Honorary Award</a> since its introduction in 1928.<a href="#cite_note-188">[187]</a> He received the award in February 2007, "for his magnificent and multifaceted contributions to the art of film music."<a href="#cite_note-189">[188]</a> In 2005, four film scores by Ennio Morricone were nominated by the <a href="/wiki/American_Film_Institute" title="American Film Institute">American Film Institute</a> for an honoured place in the AFI's <a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years_of_Film_Scores" title="AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores">Top 25 of Best American Film Scores of All Time</a>.<a href="#cite_note-190">[189]</a> His score for The Mission was ranked 23rd in the Top 25 list.<a href="#cite_note-191">[190]</a> Morricone was nominated seven times for a <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Grammy Award">Grammy Award</a>. In 2009 The Recording Academy inducted his score for The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly (1966) into the <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Hall_of_Fame" title="Grammy Hall of Fame">Grammy Hall of Fame</a>.<a href="#cite_note-192">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-193">[192]</a> In 2010 Ennio Morricone and Icelandic singer <a href="/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rk" title="Björk">Björk</a> won the <a href="/wiki/Polar_Music_Prize" title="Polar Music Prize">Polar Music Prize</a>. The Polar Music Prize is Sweden's biggest music award and is typically shared by a pop artist and a classical musician. It was founded by Stig Anderson, manager of Swedish pop group <a href="/wiki/ABBA" title="ABBA">ABBA</a>, in 1989. A <a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a> poll of 40 top current film composers selected The Mission as the greatest film score of all time.<a href="#cite_note-194">[193]</a> In 1971, he received a "<a href="/wiki/Targa_d%27Oro" class="mw-redirect" title="Targa d'Oro">Targa d'Oro</a>" for worldwide sales of 22 million,<a href="#cite_note-Musicaedischi.it-185">[184]</a> and by 2016 Morricone had sold more than 70 million records worldwide.<a href="#cite_note-195">[194]</a> In 2007, he received the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Honorary_Award" title="Academy Honorary Award">Academy Honorary Award</a> "for his magnificent and multifaceted contributions to the art of film music". He was nominated for a further six <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Oscars</a>, and in 2016, received his only competitive Academy Award for his score to Quentin Tarantino's film The Hateful Eight, at the time becoming the oldest person ever to win a competitive Oscar.<a href="#cite_note-196">[195]</a> His other achievements include three <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Awards" title="Grammy Awards">Grammy Awards</a>, three <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Globe">Golden Globes</a>, six <a href="/wiki/BAFTA" class="mw-redirect" title="BAFTA">BAFTAs</a>, ten <a href="/wiki/David_di_Donatello" title="David di Donatello">David di Donatello</a>, eleven <a href="/wiki/Nastro_d%27Argento" title="Nastro d'Argento">Nastro d'Argento</a>, two <a href="/wiki/European_Film_Awards" title="European Film Awards">European Film Awards</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Lion" title="Golden Lion">Golden Lion Honorary Award</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Polar_Music_Prize" title="Polar Music Prize">Polar Music Prize</a> in 2010. The soundtrack for <a href="/wiki/The_Mission_(soundtrack)" title="The Mission (soundtrack)">The Mission</a> (1986) was certified <a href="/wiki/RIAA_certification" title="RIAA certification">gold</a> in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-197">[196]</a> The album <a href="/wiki/Yo-Yo_Ma_Plays_Ennio_Morricone" title="Yo-Yo Ma Plays Ennio Morricone">Yo-Yo Ma Plays Ennio Morricone</a> stayed for 105 weeks on the Billboard Top Classical Albums.<a href="#cite_note-198">[197]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_sources">General sources</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: General sources">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Morricone, Ennio; De Rosa, Alessandro. Ennio Morricone: In His Own Words. Ennio Morricone in conversation with Alessandro De Rosa. Translated from the Italian by M. Corbella. Oxford University Press (2019–2020). <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-068103-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-068103-6">978-0-19-068103-6</a>.</li> <li>Horace, B. Music from the Movies, film music journal double issue 45/46, 2005: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0967-8131">0967-8131</a>.</li> <li>Miceli, Sergio. Morricone, la musica, il cinema. Milan: Mucchi/Ricordi, 1994: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-7592-398-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-7592-398-3">978-88-7592-398-3</a>.</li> <li>Miceli, Sergio. "Morricone, Ennio". <a href="/wiki/The_New_Grove_Dictionary_of_Music_and_Musicians" title="The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians">The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians</a>, 2nd edition, edited by <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Sadie" title="Stanley Sadie">Stanley Sadie</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Tyrrell_(musicologist)" title="John Tyrrell (musicologist)">John Tyrrell</a>. London: Macmillan Publishers.</li> <li>Poppi, R., M. Pecorari. Dizionario del cinema italiano. I film vol. 3. Dal 1960 al 1969. Gremese, 1993: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-7605-593-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-7605-593-5">978-88-7605-593-5</a>.</li> <li>Poppi, R., M. Pecorari. Dizionario del cinema italiano. I film vol. 4. Dal 1970 al 1979* A/L. Gremese, 1996: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-7605-935-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-7605-935-3">978-88-7605-935-3</a>.</li> <li>Poppi, R., M. Pecorari. Dizionario del cinema italiano. I film vol. 4. Dal 1970 al 1979** M/Z. Gremese, 1996: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-7605-969-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-7605-969-8">978-88-7605-969-8</a>.</li> <li>Poppi, R., M. Pecorari. Dizionario del cinema italiano. I film vol. 5. Dal 1980 al 1989* A/L. Gremese, 2000: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-7742-423-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-7742-423-5">978-88-7742-423-5</a>.</li> <li>Poppi, R., M. Pecorari. Dizionario del cinema italiano. I film vol. 5. Dal 1980 al 1989** M/Z. Gremese, 2000: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-7742-429-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-7742-429-7">978-88-7742-429-7</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> Aldo died age three after his nanny mistakenly fed him cherries, to which he was severely <a href="/wiki/Food_allergy" title="Food allergy">allergic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-filmreference.com-18">[18]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quirinale.it/onorificenze/insigniti/120343">"Morricone Sig. Ennio"</a>. www.quirinale.it. 27 December 2017. Retrieved 17 October 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Morricone+Sig.+Ennio&rft.pub=www.quirinale.it&rft.date=2017-12-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.quirinale.it%2Fonorificenze%2Finsigniti%2F120343&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/08/arts/music/ennio-morricone-john-zorn.html">"Ennio Morricone Was More Than Just a Great Film Composer"</a> by <a href="/wiki/John_Zorn" title="John Zorn">John Zorn</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, 8 July 2020 </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/style/article/ennio-morricone-prolific-italian-composer-best-music-intl-scli/index.html">The film scores of Ennio Morricone: Five tracks you need to hear by the late, great composer</a>, CNN Style </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/jul/11/quentin-tarantino-sergio-leone-the-hateful-eight">"Quentin Tarantino says The Hateful Eight will have Ennio Morricone score"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. 11 July 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Quentin+Tarantino+says+The+Hateful+Eight+will+have+Ennio+Morricone+score&rft.date=2015-07-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ffilm%2F2015%2Fjul%2F11%2Fquentin-tarantino-sergio-leone-the-hateful-eight&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-morricone/italian-composer-morricone-scores-honorary-oscar-idUSN2320197220070223">"Italian composer Morricone scores honorary Oscar"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. 23 February 2007. Retrieved 3 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Italian+composer+Morricone+scores+honorary+Oscar&rft.date=2007-02-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-morricone%2Fitalian-composer-morricone-scores-honorary-oscar-idUSN2320197220070223&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCormack2011" class="citation news cs1">McCormack, Neil (13 May 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/8509293/10-most-influential-film-soundtracks.html">"10 most influential film soundtracks"</a>. The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 31 December 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=10+most+influential+film+soundtracks&rft.date=2011-05-13&rft.aulast=McCormack&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fculture%2Fmusic%2F8509293%2F10-most-influential-film-soundtracks.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140726033617/http://www.uncut.co.uk/the-police/the-police-queen-morricone-honoured-at-grammy-hall-of-fame-news">"The Police, Queen, Morricone Honoured at Grammy Hall of Fame"</a>. Uncut. 1 December 2008. 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Retrieved 28 January 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ennio+Morricone&rft.pub=classicfm.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.classicfm.co.uk%2Fmusic%2Fcomposers%2Fh-m%2Fennio-morricone%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chimai.com/index.cfm?module=MUS&mode=ALB&id=5418">Chimai.com, Mamma Bianco</a>, Retrieved on 17 July 2016 </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160817071614/http://text.wz.cz/em/articles/miceli_bio_en.htm">"Ennio Morricone biography, retrieved July 17, 2016"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://text.wz.cz/em/articles/miceli_bio_en.htm">the original</a> on 17 August 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ennio+Morricone+biography%2C+retrieved+July+17%2C+2016&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftext.wz.cz%2Fem%2Farticles%2Fmiceli_bio_en.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> The master Morricone linked female singers to <a href="/wiki/Trombone" title="Trombone">trombones</a> and the male ones to <a href="/wiki/Bugle" title="Bugle">bugles</a>. See: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdinolfi2021" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Adinolfi, Francesco (3 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JV8uEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT328">Mondo Exotica: Suoni, visioni e manie della rivoluzione lounge</a> (in Italian). Marsilio. p. 328. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-297-1274-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-297-1274-8"><bdi>978-88-297-1274-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/797724833">797724833</a>. Retrieved 2 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mondo+Exotica%3A+Suoni%2C+visioni+e+manie+della+rivoluzione+lounge&rft.pages=328&rft.pub=Marsilio&rft.date=2021-06-03&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F797724833&rft.isbn=978-88-297-1274-8&rft.aulast=Adinolfi&rft.aufirst=Francesco&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJV8uEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT328&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chimai.com/index.cfm?module=MUS&mode=ALB&id=718">The Ennio Morricone Chronicles</a> Retrieved on 4 February 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.soundtrackcollector.com/title/61523/Ennio+Morricone+Chronicles,+The">Ennio Morricone Chronicles, The (2000)</a>, Retrieved on 4 February 2013 </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vervemusicgroup.com/paulanka/bio/">Paul Anka biography</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090929082302/http://www.vervemusicgroup.com/paulanka/bio/">Archived</a> 29 September 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Verve Music Group, retrieved 6 February 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110714180742/http://mon-amie-hardy-rose.nice-topic.com/Reprises-de-Se-telefonando-h63.htm">"Se telefonando"</a>. Mon-amie-hardy-rose.nice-topic.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mon-amie-hardy-rose.nice-topic.com/Reprises-de-Se-telefonando-h63.htm">the original</a> on 14 July 2011. Retrieved 24 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Se+telefonando&rft.pub=Mon-amie-hardy-rose.nice-topic.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmon-amie-hardy-rose.nice-topic.com%2FReprises-de-Se-telefonando-h63.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.repubblica.it/spettacoli-e-cultura/2010/03/25/news/mina-pani-2888803/">Mamma Mina cestinò i complimenti dei Beatles</a> <a href="/wiki/La_Repubblica" title="La Repubblica">La Repubblica</a>, Gino Castaldo, 25 March 2010 </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chimai.com/index.cfm?module=MUS&mode=SON">Songs and Arrangements by Morricone</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150501040113/http://www.chimai.com/index.cfm?module=MUS&mode=SON">Archived</a> 1 May 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved on 4 February 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBelategui2019" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Belategui, Oskar (8 January 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elcorreo.com/butaca/cine/morricone-cuelga-batuta-20190108124758-ntrc.html">"Morricone cuelga la batuta"</a>. <a href="/wiki/El_Correo" title="El Correo">El Correo</a> (in Spanish). <a href="/wiki/Vocento" class="mw-redirect" title="Vocento">Vocento</a>. Retrieved 13 June 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Correo&rft.atitle=Morricone+cuelga+la+batuta&rft.date=2019-01-08&rft.aulast=Belategui&rft.aufirst=Oskar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elcorreo.com%2Fbutaca%2Fcine%2Fmorricone-cuelga-batuta-20190108124758-ntrc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Biography_of_Ennio_Morricone-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Biography_of_Ennio_Morricone_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Biography_of_Ennio_Morricone_38-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130105110247/http://ennio-morricone.com/#/biography.html">"Biography of Ennio Morricone"</a>. ennio-morricone.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ennio-morricone.com/#/biography.html">the original</a> on 5 January 2013. Retrieved 22 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biography+of+Ennio+Morricone&rft.pub=ennio-morricone.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fennio-morricone.com%2F%23%2Fbiography.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEnrico_Deregibus2010" class="citation book cs1">Enrico Deregibus (8 October 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QBko1XW9KOUC&pg=PA464">Dizionario completo della Canzone Italiana</a>. Enrico Deregibus. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-09-75625-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-09-75625-0"><bdi>978-88-09-75625-0</bdi></a>. Retrieved 22 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dizionario+completo+della+Canzone+Italiana&rft.pub=Enrico+Deregibus&rft.date=2010-10-08&rft.isbn=978-88-09-75625-0&rft.au=Enrico+Deregibus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQBko1XW9KOUC%26pg%3DPA464&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetridis" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alexis_Petridis" title="Alexis Petridis">Petridis, Alexis</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2020/jul/06/ennio-morricone-10-of-his-greatest-compositions">"Ennio Morricone: 10 of his greatest compositions"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. Retrieved 6 July 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Ennio+Morricone%3A+10+of+his+greatest+compositions&rft.aulast=Petridis&rft.aufirst=Alexis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmusic%2F2020%2Fjul%2F06%2Fennio-morricone-10-of-his-greatest-compositions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">La Tromba. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/36806200">36806200</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+Tromba&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F36806200&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/gruppo-di-improvvisazione-nuova-consonanza-mn0001409455">Gruppo di Improvvisazione Nuova Consonanza</a>, biography, Allmusic, Sylvie Harrison. Retrieved 24 January 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> Alvin Lucia, liner notes, Niente. (The Omni Recording Corporation/The Roundtable), 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSciannameo2020" class="citation book cs1">Sciannameo, Franco (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=b2_KDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA77">Reflections on the Music of Ennio Morricone: Fame and Legacy</a>. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 77–79. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4985-6901-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4985-6901-9"><bdi>978-1-4985-6901-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reflections+on+the+Music+of+Ennio+Morricone%3A+Fame+and+Legacy&rft.pages=77-79&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-1-4985-6901-9&rft.aulast=Sciannameo&rft.aufirst=Franco&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Db2_KDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA77&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dangerousminds.net/comments/ennio_morricones_noise_ensemble_gruppo_di_improvvisazione_di_nuova_consonan">Ennio Morricone's noise ensemble: Gruppo di Improvvisazione di Nuova Consonanza</a> dangerousminds.net, 5 November 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpencer2014" class="citation book cs1">Spencer, Kristopher (10 January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Wz2dxDNaEDgC&pg=PA267">Film And Television Scores, 1950–1979: A Critical Survey by Genre, Kristopher Spencer, McFarland, September 9, 2008</a>. McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-5228-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-5228-6"><bdi>978-0-7864-5228-6</bdi></a>. 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Retrieved 24 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Morricone%3A+%27I+can+do+anything%27&rft.date=2007-02-15&rft.aulast=Vivarelli&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2007%2Ffilm%2Fnews%2Fmorricone-i-can-do-anything-1117959621%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=z9Tjh55dlDUC&q=morricone+first+western+films&pg=PA147">Christopher Frayling, Spaghetti Westerns: Cowboys and Europeans from Karl May to Sergio Leone</a>, I. B. Tauris, 2 April 2006. </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adnkronos.com/intrattenimento/spettacolo/2020/07/06/morricone-musica-per-compagno-scuola-sergio-leone_66Md0LxcNpUYJufDdnzD7M.html">"Morricone, la musica per il compagno di scuola Sergio Leone"</a>. Adnkronos (in Italian). 6 July 2020. Retrieved 7 July 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Adnkronos&rft.atitle=Morricone%2C+la+musica+per+il+compagno+di+scuola+Sergio+Leone&rft.date=2020-07-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adnkronos.com%2Fintrattenimento%2Fspettacolo%2F2020%2F07%2F06%2Fmorricone-musica-per-compagno-scuola-sergio-leone_66Md0LxcNpUYJufDdnzD7M.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hughes7-50">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hughes7_50-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hughes7_50-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hughes7_50-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHughes2009" class="citation book cs1">Hughes, Howard (30 July 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PbWKDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA7">Aim for the Heart: The Films of Clint Eastwood</a>. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85771-021-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85771-021-5"><bdi>978-0-85771-021-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Aim+for+the+Heart%3A+The+Films+of+Clint+Eastwood&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2009-07-30&rft.isbn=978-0-85771-021-5&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPbWKDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGiddins2010" class="citation book cs1">Giddins, Gary (19 April 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DuYHM-Ltkx4C&pg=PA122">Warning Shadows: Home Alone with Classic Cinema</a>. W. W. Norton. p. 122. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-393-33792-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-393-33792-1"><bdi>978-0-393-33792-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Warning+Shadows%3A+Home+Alone+with+Classic+Cinema&rft.pages=122&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton&rft.date=2010-04-19&rft.isbn=978-0-393-33792-1&rft.aulast=Giddins&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDuYHM-Ltkx4C%26pg%3DPA122&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSterritt2014" class="citation book cs1">Sterritt, David (25 November 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zfrpBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA42">The Cinema of Clint Eastwood: Chronicles of America</a>. Columbia University Press. p. 42. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-85071-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-85071-1"><bdi>978-0-231-85071-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cinema+of+Clint+Eastwood%3A+Chronicles+of+America&rft.pages=42&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2014-11-25&rft.isbn=978-0-231-85071-1&rft.aulast=Sterritt&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzfrpBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrachanMask2014" class="citation book cs1">Strachan, Ian Gregory; Mask, Mia (27 November 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kEogBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT268">Poitier Revisited: Reconsidering a Black Icon in the Obama Age</a>. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 268. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-62356-923-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-62356-923-5"><bdi>978-1-62356-923-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Poitier+Revisited%3A+Reconsidering+a+Black+Icon+in+the+Obama+Age&rft.pages=268&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2014-11-27&rft.isbn=978-1-62356-923-5&rft.aulast=Strachan&rft.aufirst=Ian+Gregory&rft.au=Mask%2C+Mia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkEogBQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT268&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.italyonthisday.com/2018/02/edda-dellorso-Italian-vocalist-Morricone-Spaghetti-westerns-sergio-leone.html">Edda Dell'Orso – vocalist / Soprano was wordless voice of Morricone soundtracks</a> italyonthisday.com 16 February 2018 </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2007/mar/18/features.musicmonthly10">"Q&A – Ennio Morricone"</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>, 18 March 2007 </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?content_selector=gold-platinum-searchable-database">RIAA, Gold and Platinum – The Good, the Bad & the Ugly</a>, Retrieved 24 January 2013 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130331234333/http://riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?content_selector=gold-platinum-searchable-database">Archived</a> 31 March 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-chart/19681113/7501/">"Official [U.K.] Singles Chart Top 50: 13–19 November 1968"</a>. The Official UK Charts Company. 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Rowman & Littlefield. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4985-6901-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4985-6901-9"><bdi>978-1-4985-6901-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reflections+on+the+Music+of+Ennio+Morricone%3A+Fame+and+Legacy&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-1-4985-6901-9&rft.aulast=Sciannameo&rft.aufirst=Franco&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Db2_KDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoberman2018" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/J._Hoberman" title="J. Hoberman">Hoberman, J.</a> (28 December 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/28/movies/sergio-corbucci-the-great-silence.html">"'68 Rides Again: The Return of Sergio Corbucci"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220101/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/28/movies/sergio-corbucci-the-great-silence.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 January 2022. 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McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-5228-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-5228-6"><bdi>978-0-7864-5228-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Film+and+Television+Scores%2C+1950%E2%80%931979%3A+A+Critical+Survey+by+Genre&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2014-01-10&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-5228-6&rft.aulast=Spencer&rft.aufirst=Kristopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWz2dxDNaEDgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrozdanovic2015" class="citation web cs1">Grozdanovic, Nikola (10 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiewire.com/2015/11/the-30-best-film-scores-by-ennio-morricone-106032/">"The 30 Best Film Scores By Ennio Morricone"</a>. 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Retrieved 8 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Ennio+Morricone+to+Be+Honored+at+Special+Golden+Globes+Ceremony+in+Rome&rft.date=2016-01-28&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Ariston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fnews%2F6858432%2Fennio-morricone-special-golden-globes-ceremony-rome&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/forget-leo-ennio-morricone-finally-won-oscar-after-500-movie-credits-a6904671.html">"Forget Leo, Ennio Morricone finally won an Oscar after 500 movies"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a>. 2 March 2016. Retrieved 10 August 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Forget+Leo%2C+Ennio+Morricone+finally+won+an+Oscar+after+500+movies&rft.date=2016-03-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Farts-entertainment%2Ffilms%2Fnews%2Fforget-leo-ennio-morricone-finally-won-oscar-after-500-movie-credits-a6904671.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2012/music/news/pros-score-all-time-classics-1118061959/">"Pros score all-time classics"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a>. 14 November 2012. Retrieved 31 December 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Pros+score+all-time+classics&rft.date=2012-11-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2012%2Fmusic%2Fnews%2Fpros-score-all-time-classics-1118061959%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/charts/classical-albums/2006-03-18">"Billboard Classical Albums"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a>. 18 March 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Billboard+Classical+Albums&rft.date=2006-03-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Fcharts%2Fclassical-albums%2F2006-03-18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Fagen" title="Donald Fagen">Fagen, Donald</a>. "A Talk With Ennio Morricone". In: Fagen, Donald: Eminent Hipsters. Penguin Group, 2013. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-670-02551-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-670-02551-0">978-0-670-02551-0</a>, pp. 59–62.</li> <li>Lhassa, Anne, and Jean Lhassa: Ennio Morricone: biographie. Les Planches. Lausanne: Favre; [Paris]: [diff. Inter-forum], 1989. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-8289-0418-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-8289-0418-0">978-2-8289-0418-0</a>.</li> <li>Morricone, Ennio; De Rosa, Alessandro. "Ennio Morricone: In His Own Words. Ennio Morricone in conversation with Alessandro De Rosa". Translated from the Italian by M. Corbella. Oxford University Press (2019–2020). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-068103-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-068103-6">978-0-19-068103-6</a></li> <li>Sorce Keller, Marcello. "The Morricone Paradox: A Film Music Genius Who Missed Writing Symphonies". Asian-European Music Research Journal (AEMR). 6 (2020): 111–113.</li> <li>Sorbo, Lorenzo: "The Dramatic Functions of Italian Spaghetti Western Soundtracks: A Comparison between Ennio Morricone and Francesco De Masi" In: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Stoppe, Sebastian (2014). Film in Concert. Film Scores and their Relation to Classical Concert Music. Glücksstadt, Germany: VWH Verlag. pp. 161–174. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.25969%2Fmediarep%2F16802">10.25969/mediarep/16802</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-86488-060-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-86488-060-5"><bdi>978-3-86488-060-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Film+in+Concert.+Film+Scores+and+their+Relation+to+Classical+Concert+Music&rft.place=Gl%C3%BCcksstadt%2C+Germany&rft.pages=161-174&rft.pub=VWH+Verlag&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.25969%2Fmediarep%2F16802&rft.isbn=978-3-86488-060-5&rft.aulast=Stoppe&rft.aufirst=Sebastian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnnio+Morricone" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Wagner, Thorsten. "Improvisation als 'weiteste Ausdehnung des Begriffs der aleatorischen Musik': Franco Evangelisti und die Improvisationsgruppe Nuova Consonanza". In ... hin zu einer neuen Welt: Notate zu Franco Evangelisti, edited by Harald Muenz.48–60, 2002. Saarbrücken: Pfau-Verlag. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-89727-177-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-89727-177-7">978-3-89727-177-7</a>.</li> <li>Webb, Michael D. Italian 20th Century Music: The Quest for Modernity. London: Kahn & Averill. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-871082-89-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-871082-89-0">978-1-871082-89-0</a>.</li> <li>Wenguang Han: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vip.morricone.cn/ns-notes/ns-notes-006-eng.htm">Ennio Morricone Fans Handbook</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191226100212/http://vip.morricone.cn/ns-notes/ns-notes-006-eng.htm">Archived</a> 26 December 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 2013 (China). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-988-16794-2-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-988-16794-2-0">978-988-16794-2-0</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output 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title="Discogs">Discogs</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.myspace.com/morriconemood">Ennio Morricone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myspace" title="Myspace">Myspace</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101227210530/http://www.latimesmagazine.com/2009/11/ttette-ennio-morricone.html">Tête-à-Tête: Ennio Morricone</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived 27 December 2010)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130730074510/http://morricone.cn/index-eng.htm">Morricone Fans</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived 30 July 2013)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://acousmata.com/post/79412633/the-man-with-the-harmonica">Streaming audio of Morricone's "The Man with the Harmonica", from his soundtrack to Once upon a Time in the West</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ennio_Morricone" title="Template:Ennio Morricone"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ennio_Morricone" title="Template talk:Ennio Morricone"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ennio_Morricone" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ennio Morricone"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ennio_Morricone" class="fn" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Soundtracks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Good,_the_Bad_and_the_Ugly_(soundtrack)" title="The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (soundtrack)">The Good, The Bad and The Ugly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_in_the_West_(soundtrack)" title="Once Upon a Time in the West (soundtrack)">Once Upon a Time in the West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Piovra_(soundtrack)" title="La Piovra (soundtrack)">La Piovra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mission_(soundtrack)" title="The Mission (soundtrack)">The Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Legend_of_1900_(soundtrack)" title="The Legend of 1900 (soundtrack)">The Legend of 1900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mal%C3%A8na_(soundtrack)" title="Malèna (soundtrack)">Malèna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hateful_Eight_(soundtrack)" title="The Hateful Eight (soundtrack)">The Hateful Eight</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Compilations and tribute albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pearls_%E2%80%93_Amii_Stewart_Sings_Ennio_Morricone" title="Pearls – Amii Stewart Sings Ennio Morricone">Pearls – Amii Stewart Sings Ennio Morricone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Big_Gundown_(album)" title="The Big Gundown (album)">The Big Gundown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/We_All_Love_Ennio_Morricone" title="We All Love Ennio Morricone">We All Love Ennio Morricone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yo-Yo_Ma_Plays_Ennio_Morricone" title="Yo-Yo Ma Plays Ennio Morricone">Yo-Yo Ma Plays Ennio Morricone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradiso_(Hayley_Westenra_album)" title="Paradiso (Hayley Westenra album)">Paradiso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_and_Dissonance" title="Crime and Dissonance">Crime and Dissonance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pieces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Se_telefonando" title="Se telefonando">Se telefonando</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Chi_Mai" title="Chi Mai">Chi Mai</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Gabriel%27s_Oboe" title="Gabriel's Oboe">Gabriel's Oboe</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Here%27s_to_You_(song)" title="Here's to You (song)">Here's to You</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Nella_Fantasia" title="Nella Fantasia">Nella Fantasia</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Ecstasy_of_Gold" title="The Ecstasy of Gold">The Ecstasy of Gold</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Good,_the_Bad_and_the_Ugly_(theme)" title="The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (theme)">The Good, the Bad and the Ugly</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_a_Soldier" title="The Story of a Soldier">The Story of a Soldier</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_compositions_by_Ennio_Morricone" title="List of compositions by Ennio Morricone">Compositions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ennio_Morricone_concerts" title="List of Ennio Morricone concerts">Concerts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Ennio_Morricone" title="List of awards and nominations received by Ennio Morricone">Accolades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauro_Maur" title="Mauro Maur">Mauro Maur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Morricone" title="Andrea Morricone">Andrea Morricone</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Western_Orchestra" title="Spaghetti Western Orchestra">Spaghetti Western Orchestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ennio_(film)" title="Ennio (film)">Ennio (film)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Ennio_Morricone" title="Category:Ennio Morricone">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Awards_for_Ennio_Morricone" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Awards_for_Ennio_Morricone" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Ennio_Morricone" title="List of awards and nominations received by Ennio Morricone">Awards for Ennio Morricone</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #EEDD82"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Template:Academy Award for Best Original Score"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Template talk:Academy Award for Best Original Score"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Academy Award for Best Original Score"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Academy Award for Best Original Score">Academy Award for Best Original Score</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1930s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Silvers" title="Louis Silvers">Louis Silvers</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Steiner" title="Max Steiner">Max Steiner</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_F._Forbstein" title="Leo F. Forbstein">Leo F. Forbstein</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Previn" title="Charles Previn">Charles Previn</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Wolfgang_Korngold" title="Erich Wolfgang Korngold">Erich Wolfgang Korngold</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newman" title="Alfred Newman">Alfred Newman</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Stothart" title="Herbert Stothart">Herbert Stothart</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Hageman" title="Richard Hageman">Richard Hageman</a>, <a href="/wiki/W._Franke_Harling" title="W. Franke Harling">W. Franke Harling</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Leipold" title="John Leipold">John Leipold</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leo_Shuken" title="Leo Shuken">Leo Shuken</a> (1939)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1940s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leigh_Harline" title="Leigh Harline">Leigh Harline</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Smith_(composer)" title="Paul Smith (composer)">Paul J. Smith</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ned_Washington" title="Ned Washington">Ned Washington</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newman" title="Alfred Newman">Alfred Newman</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Herrmann" title="Bernard Herrmann">Bernard Herrmann</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frank_Churchill" title="Frank Churchill">Frank Churchill</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Wallace" title="Oliver Wallace">Oliver Wallace</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Steiner" title="Max Steiner">Max Steiner</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ray_Heindorf" title="Ray Heindorf">Ray Heindorf</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heinz_Roemheld" title="Heinz Roemheld">Heinz Roemheld</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newman" title="Alfred Newman">Alfred Newman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ray_Heindorf" title="Ray Heindorf">Ray Heindorf</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Steiner" title="Max Steiner">Max Steiner</a> / <a href="/wiki/Morris_Stoloff" title="Morris Stoloff">Morris Stoloff</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carmen_Dragon" title="Carmen Dragon">Carmen Dragon</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_R%C3%B3zsa" title="Miklós Rózsa">Miklos Rozsa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Georgie_Stoll" title="Georgie Stoll">Georgie Stoll</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Friedhofer" title="Hugo Friedhofer">Hugo Friedhofer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Morris_Stoloff" title="Morris Stoloff">Morris Stoloff</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_R%C3%B3zsa" title="Miklós Rózsa">Miklos Rozsa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newman" title="Alfred Newman">Alfred Newman</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Easdale" title="Brian Easdale">Brian Easdale</a> / <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Green" title="Johnny Green">Johnny Green</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roger_Edens" title="Roger Edens">Roger Edens</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Copland" title="Aaron Copland">Aaron Copland</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roger_Edens" title="Roger Edens">Roger Edens</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lennie_Hayton" title="Lennie Hayton">Lennie Hayton</a> (1949)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Waxman" title="Franz Waxman">Franz Waxman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Adolph_Deutsch" title="Adolph Deutsch">Adolph Deutsch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roger_Edens" title="Roger Edens">Roger Edens</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Waxman" title="Franz Waxman">Franz Waxman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Green" title="Johnny Green">Johnny Green</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saul_Chaplin" title="Saul Chaplin">Saul Chaplin</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitri_Tiomkin" title="Dimitri Tiomkin">Dimitri Tiomkin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newman" title="Alfred Newman">Alfred Newman</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronis%C5%82aw_Kaper" title="Bronisław Kaper">Bronislau Kaper</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newman" title="Alfred Newman">Alfred Newman</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitri_Tiomkin" title="Dimitri Tiomkin">Dimitri Tiomkin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Adolph_Deutsch" title="Adolph Deutsch">Adolph Deutsch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saul_Chaplin" title="Saul Chaplin">Saul Chaplin</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newman" title="Alfred Newman">Alfred Newman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Russell_Bennett" title="Robert Russell Bennett">Robert Russell Bennett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jay_Blackton" title="Jay Blackton">Jay Blackton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adolph_Deutsch" title="Adolph Deutsch">Adolph Deutsch</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Young" title="Victor Young">Victor Young</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newman" title="Alfred Newman">Alfred Newman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ken_Darby" title="Ken Darby">Ken Darby</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Arnold" title="Malcolm Arnold">Malcolm Arnold</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitri_Tiomkin" title="Dimitri Tiomkin">Dimitri Tiomkin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andre_Previn" class="mw-redirect" title="Andre Previn">Andre Previn</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_R%C3%B3zsa" title="Miklós Rózsa">Miklos Rozsa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andre_Previn" class="mw-redirect" title="Andre Previn">Andre Previn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ken_Darby" title="Ken Darby">Ken Darby</a> (1959)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Gold" title="Ernest Gold">Ernest Gold</a> / <a href="/wiki/Morris_Stoloff" title="Morris Stoloff">Morris Stoloff</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harry_Sukman" title="Harry Sukman">Harry Sukman</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Mancini" title="Henry Mancini">Henry Mancini</a> / <a href="/wiki/Saul_Chaplin" title="Saul Chaplin">Saul Chaplin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Green" title="Johnny Green">Johnny Green</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sid_Ramin" title="Sid Ramin">Sid Ramin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irwin_Kostal" title="Irwin Kostal">Irwin Kostal</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Jarre" title="Maurice Jarre">Maurice Jarre</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ray_Heindorf" title="Ray Heindorf">Ray Heindorf</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Addison" title="John Addison">John Addison</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andre_Previn" class="mw-redirect" title="Andre Previn">Andre Previn</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_M._Sherman" title="Richard M. Sherman">Richard M. Sherman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Sherman" title="Robert B. Sherman">Robert B. Sherman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andre_Previn" class="mw-redirect" title="Andre Previn">Andre Previn</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Jarre" title="Maurice Jarre">Maurice Jarre</a> / <a href="/wiki/Irwin_Kostal" title="Irwin Kostal">Irwin Kostal</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Barry_(composer)" title="John Barry (composer)">John Barry</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ken_Thorne" title="Ken Thorne">Ken Thorne</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmer_Bernstein" title="Elmer Bernstein">Elmer Bernstein</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newman" title="Alfred Newman">Alfred Newman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ken_Darby" title="Ken Darby">Ken Darby</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Barry_(composer)" title="John Barry (composer)">John Barry</a> / <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Green" title="Johnny Green">Johnny Green</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burt_Bacharach" title="Burt Bacharach">Burt Bacharach</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lennie_Hayton" title="Lennie Hayton">Lennie Hayton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Newman" title="Lionel Newman">Lionel Newman</a> (1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Lai" title="Francis Lai">Francis Lai</a> / <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a> (<a href="/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon">John Lennon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ringo_Starr" title="Ringo Starr">Ringo Starr</a>) (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Legrand" title="Michel Legrand">Michel Legrand</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Rasch" title="Raymond Rasch">Raymond Rasch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Larry_Russell" title="Larry Russell">Larry Russell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Burns" title="Ralph Burns">Ralph Burns</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Hamlisch" title="Marvin Hamlisch">Marvin Hamlisch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marvin_Hamlisch" title="Marvin Hamlisch">Marvin Hamlisch</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nino_Rota" title="Nino Rota">Nino Rota</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carmine_Coppola" title="Carmine Coppola">Carmine Coppola</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Riddle" title="Nelson Riddle">Nelson Riddle</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Rosenman" title="Leonard Rosenman">Leonard Rosenman</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Goldsmith" title="Jerry Goldsmith">Jerry Goldsmith</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Rosenman" title="Leonard Rosenman">Leonard Rosenman</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Tunick" title="Jonathan Tunick">Jonathan Tunick</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Moroder" title="Giorgio Moroder">Giorgio Moroder</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joe_Renzetti" title="Joe Renzetti">Joe Renzetti</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Delerue" title="Georges Delerue">Georges Delerue</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Burns" title="Ralph Burns">Ralph Burns</a> (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gore" title="Michael Gore">Michael Gore</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vangelis" title="Vangelis">Vangelis</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> / <a href="/wiki/Henry_Mancini" title="Henry Mancini">Henry Mancini</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leslie_Bricusse" title="Leslie Bricusse">Leslie Bricusse</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Conti" title="Bill Conti">Bill Conti</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michel_Legrand" title="Michel Legrand">Michel Legrand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_and_Marilyn_Bergman" title="Alan and Marilyn Bergman">Alan and Marilyn Bergman</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Jarre" title="Maurice Jarre">Maurice Jarre</a> / <a href="/wiki/Prince_(musician)" title="Prince (musician)">Prince</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Barry_(composer)" title="John Barry (composer)">John Barry</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbie_Hancock" title="Herbie Hancock">Herbie Hancock</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryuichi_Sakamoto" title="Ryuichi Sakamoto">Ryuichi Sakamoto</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Byrne" title="David Byrne">David Byrne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cong_Su" title="Cong Su">Cong Su</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Grusin" title="Dave Grusin">Dave Grusin</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Menken" title="Alan Menken">Alan Menken</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Barry_(composer)" title="John Barry (composer)">John Barry</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Menken" title="Alan Menken">Alan Menken</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Menken" title="Alan Menken">Alan Menken</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Zimmer" title="Hans Zimmer">Hans Zimmer</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Bacalov" title="Luis Bacalov">Luis Bacalov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alan_Menken" title="Alan Menken">Alan Menken</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Schwartz" title="Stephen Schwartz">Stephen Schwartz</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Yared" title="Gabriel Yared">Gabriel Yared</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Portman" title="Rachel Portman">Rachel Portman</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Horner" title="James Horner">James Horner</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anne_Dudley" title="Anne Dudley">Anne Dudley</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Piovani" title="Nicola Piovani">Nicola Piovani</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Warbeck" title="Stephen Warbeck">Stephen Warbeck</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Corigliano" title="John Corigliano">John Corigliano</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tan_Dun" title="Tan Dun">Tan Dun</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Shore" title="Howard Shore">Howard Shore</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliot_Goldenthal" title="Elliot Goldenthal">Elliot Goldenthal</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Shore" title="Howard Shore">Howard Shore</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_A._P._Kaczmarek" title="Jan A. P. Kaczmarek">Jan A. P. Kaczmarek</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Santaolalla" title="Gustavo Santaolalla">Gustavo Santaolalla</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Santaolalla" title="Gustavo Santaolalla">Gustavo Santaolalla</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dario_Marianelli" title="Dario Marianelli">Dario Marianelli</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._R._Rahman" title="A. R. Rahman">A. R. Rahman</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Giacchino" title="Michael Giacchino">Michael Giacchino</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Reznor" title="Trent Reznor">Trent Reznor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Atticus_Ross" title="Atticus Ross">Atticus Ross</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludovic_Bource" title="Ludovic Bource">Ludovic Bource</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mychael_Danna" title="Mychael Danna">Mychael Danna</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Price_(composer)" title="Steven Price (composer)">Steven Price</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a> (2014)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Hurwitz" title="Justin Hurwitz">Justin Hurwitz</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_G%C3%B6ransson" title="Ludwig Göransson">Ludwig Göransson</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildur_Gu%C3%B0nad%C3%B3ttir" title="Hildur Guðnadóttir">Hildur Guðnadóttir</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Reznor" title="Trent Reznor">Trent Reznor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atticus_Ross" title="Atticus Ross">Atticus Ross</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jon_Batiste" title="Jon Batiste">Jon Batiste</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Zimmer" title="Hans Zimmer">Hans Zimmer</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hauschka" title="Hauschka">Volker Bertelmann</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_G%C3%B6ransson" title="Ludwig Göransson">Ludwig Göransson</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Academy_Honorary_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #EEDD82"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Academy_Honorary_Award" title="Template:Academy Honorary Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Academy_Honorary_Award" title="Template talk:Academy Honorary Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Academy_Honorary_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Academy Honorary Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Academy_Honorary_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Honorary_Award" title="Academy Honorary Award">Academy Honorary Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1928–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Temple" title="Shirley Temple">Shirley Temple</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._W._Griffith" title="D. W. Griffith">D. W. Griffith</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_March_of_Time" title="The March of Time">The March of Time</a> / <a href="/wiki/W._Howard_Greene" title="W. Howard Greene">W. Howard Greene</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harold_Rosson" title="Harold Rosson">Harold Rosson</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Bergen" title="Edgar Bergen">Edgar Bergen</a> / <a href="/wiki/W._Howard_Greene" title="W. Howard Greene">W. Howard Greene</a> / <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art_Department_of_Film" title="Museum of Modern Art Department of Film">Museum of Modern Art Film Library</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mack_Sennett" title="Mack Sennett">Mack Sennett</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_A._Ball_(inventor)" title="Joseph A. Ball (inventor)">J. Arthur Ball</a> / <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a> / <a href="/wiki/Deanna_Durbin" title="Deanna Durbin">Deanna Durbin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mickey_Rooney" title="Mickey Rooney">Mickey Rooney</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Jennings" title="Gordon Jennings">Gordon Jennings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jan_Domela" title="Jan Domela">Jan Domela</a>, Devereaux Jennings, Irmin Roberts, Art Smith, <a href="/wiki/Farciot_Edouart" title="Farciot Edouart">Farciot Edouart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loyal_Griggs" title="Loyal Griggs">Loyal Griggs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loren_L._Ryder" title="Loren L. Ryder">Loren L. Ryder</a>, Harry D. Mills, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Mesenkop" title="Louis Mesenkop">Louis Mesenkop</a>, Walter Oberst / <a href="/wiki/Oliver_T._Marsh" title="Oliver T. Marsh">Oliver T. Marsh</a> and Allen Davey / <a href="/wiki/Harry_Warner" title="Harry Warner">Harry Warner</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Fairbanks" title="Douglas Fairbanks">Douglas Fairbanks</a> / <a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Cameron_Menzies" title="William Cameron Menzies">William Cameron Menzies</a> / <a href="/wiki/Motion_Picture_%26_Television_Fund" title="Motion Picture & Television Fund">Motion Picture Relief Fund</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jean_Hersholt" title="Jean Hersholt">Jean Hersholt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Morgan" title="Ralph Morgan">Ralph Morgan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Block" title="Ralph Block">Ralph Block</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conrad_Nagel" title="Conrad Nagel">Conrad Nagel</a>) / <a href="/wiki/Vantiva" title="Vantiva">Technicolor SA</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nathan_Levinson" title="Nathan Levinson">Nathan Levinson</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Garity" title="William Garity">William Garity</a>, John N. A. Hawkins, and the <a href="/wiki/RCA" title="RCA">RCA Manufacturing Company</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leopold_Stokowski" title="Leopold Stokowski">Leopold Stokowski</a> and his associates / Rey Scott / <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Information_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Information (United Kingdom)">British Ministry of Information</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Boyer" title="Charles Boyer">Charles Boyer</a> / <a href="/wiki/No%C3%ABl_Coward" title="Noël Coward">Noël Coward</a> / <a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Pal" title="George Pal">George Pal</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> / <a href="/wiki/Margaret_O%27Brien" title="Margaret O'Brien">Margaret O'Brien</a> (1944)</li> <li>Republic Studio, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_J._Bloomberg" title="Daniel J. Bloomberg">Daniel J. Bloomberg</a>, and the Republic Studio Sound Department / <a href="/wiki/Walter_Wanger" title="Walter Wanger">Walter Wanger</a> / <a href="/wiki/The_House_I_Live_In_(1945_film)" title="The House I Live In (1945 film)">The House I Live In</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peggy_Ann_Garner" title="Peggy Ann Garner">Peggy Ann Garner</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Russell" title="Harold Russell">Harold Russell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Laurence Olivier</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Lubitsch" title="Ernst Lubitsch">Ernst Lubitsch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Claude_Jarman_Jr." title="Claude Jarman Jr.">Claude Jarman Jr.</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Baskett" title="James Baskett">James Baskett</a> / <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Armat" title="Thomas Armat">Thomas Armat</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Selig" title="William Selig">William Nicholas Selig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albert_E._Smith_(producer)" title="Albert E. Smith (producer)">Albert E. Smith</a>, and <a href="/wiki/George_Kirke_Spoor" title="George Kirke Spoor">George Kirke Spoor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bill_and_Coo" title="Bill and Coo">Bill and Coo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Shoeshine_(film)" title="Shoeshine (film)">Shoeshine</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Wanger" title="Walter Wanger">Walter Wanger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Monsieur_Vincent" title="Monsieur Vincent">Monsieur Vincent</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sid_Grauman" title="Sid Grauman">Sid Grauman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Adolph_Zukor" title="Adolph Zukor">Adolph Zukor</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Hersholt" title="Jean Hersholt">Jean Hersholt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fred_Astaire" title="Fred Astaire">Fred Astaire</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cecil_B._DeMille" title="Cecil B. DeMille">Cecil B. DeMille</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_Thieves" title="Bicycle Thieves">The Bicycle Thief</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer">Louis B. Mayer</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Murphy" title="George Murphy">George Murphy</a> / <a href="/wiki/The_Walls_of_Malapaga" title="The Walls of Malapaga">The Walls of Malapaga</a> (1950)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly">Gene Kelly</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rashomon" title="Rashomon">Rashomon</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merian_C._Cooper" title="Merian C. Cooper">Merian C. Cooper</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harold_Lloyd" title="Harold Lloyd">Harold Lloyd</a> / George Mitchell / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_M._Schenck" title="Joseph M. Schenck">Joseph M. Schenck</a> / <a href="/wiki/Forbidden_Games" title="Forbidden Games">Forbidden Games</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Studios" title="20th Century Studios">20th Century-Fox Film Corporation</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bell_%26_Howell" title="Bell & Howell">Bell & Howell Company</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Breen" title="Joseph Breen">Joseph Breen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pete_Smith_(film_producer)" title="Pete Smith (film producer)">Pete Smith</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bausch_%26_Lomb" title="Bausch & Lomb">Bausch & Lomb Optical Company</a> / <a href="/wiki/Danny_Kaye" title="Danny Kaye">Danny Kaye</a> / Kemp Niver / <a href="/wiki/Greta_Garbo" title="Greta Garbo">Greta Garbo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jon_Whiteley" title="Jon Whiteley">Jon Whiteley</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vincent_Winter" title="Vincent Winter">Vincent Winter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gate_of_Hell_(film)" title="Gate of Hell (film)">Gate of Hell</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samurai_I:_Musashi_Miyamoto" title="Samurai I: Musashi Miyamoto">Samurai I: Musashi Miyamoto</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Cantor" title="Eddie Cantor">Eddie Cantor</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Motion_Picture_and_Television_Engineers" title="Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers">Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers</a> / <a href="/wiki/Broncho_Billy_Anderson" title="Broncho Billy Anderson">Gilbert M. "Broncho Billy" Anderson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_Brackett" title="Charles Brackett">Charles Brackett</a> / <a href="/wiki/B._B._Kahane" title="B. B. Kahane">B. B. Kahane</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Chevalier" title="Maurice Chevalier">Maurice Chevalier</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buster_Keaton" title="Buster Keaton">Buster Keaton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lee_de_Forest" title="Lee de Forest">Lee de Forest</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Cooper" title="Gary Cooper">Gary Cooper</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stan_Laurel" title="Stan Laurel">Stan Laurel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hayley_Mills" title="Hayley Mills">Hayley Mills</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_L._Hendricks" title="William L. Hendricks">William L. Hendricks</a> / Fred L. Metzler / <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Robbins" title="Jerome Robbins">Jerome Robbins</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Tuttle" title="William J. Tuttle">William J. Tuttle</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakima_Canutt" title="Yakima Canutt">Yakima Canutt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Y._Frank_Freeman" title="Y. Frank Freeman">Y. Frank Freeman</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Freed" title="Arthur Freed">Arthur Freed</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Chambers_(make-up_artist)" title="John Chambers (make-up artist)">John Chambers</a> / <a href="/wiki/Onna_White" title="Onna White">Onna White</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cary_Grant" title="Cary Grant">Cary Grant</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lillian_Gish" title="Lillian Gish">Lillian Gish</a> / <a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> (1971)</li> <li>Charles S. Boren / <a href="/wiki/Edward_G._Robinson" title="Edward G. Robinson">Edward G. Robinson</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Langlois" title="Henri Langlois">Henri Langlois</a> / <a href="/wiki/Groucho_Marx" title="Groucho Marx">Groucho Marx</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Hawks" title="Howard Hawks">Howard Hawks</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jean_Renoir" title="Jean Renoir">Jean Renoir</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Pickford" title="Mary Pickford">Mary Pickford</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Booth" title="Margaret Booth">Margaret Booth</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Lantz" title="Walter Lantz">Walter Lantz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Laurence Olivier</a> / <a href="/wiki/King_Vidor" title="King Vidor">King Vidor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="Museum of Modern Art">Museum of Modern Art Department of Film</a> (1978)</li> <li>Hal Elias / <a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fonda" title="Henry Fonda">Henry Fonda</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Stanwyck" title="Barbara Stanwyck">Barbara Stanwyck</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mickey_Rooney" title="Mickey Rooney">Mickey Rooney</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hal_Roach" title="Hal Roach">Hal Roach</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a> / <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Arts" title="National Endowment for the Arts">National Endowment for the Arts</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Newman" title="Paul Newman">Paul Newman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alex_North" title="Alex North">Alex North</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Bellamy" title="Ralph Bellamy">Ralph Bellamy</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak" title="Kodak">Eastman Kodak Company</a> / <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Board_of_Canada" title="National Film Board of Canada">National Film Board of Canada</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophia_Loren" title="Sophia Loren">Sophia Loren</a> / <a href="/wiki/Myrna_Loy" title="Myrna Loy">Myrna Loy</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyajit_Ray" title="Satyajit Ray">Satyajit Ray</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deborah_Kerr" title="Deborah Kerr">Deborah Kerr</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Antonioni" title="Michelangelo Antonioni">Michelangelo Antonioni</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirk_Douglas" title="Kirk Douglas">Kirk Douglas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Jones" title="Chuck Jones">Chuck Jones</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kidd" title="Michael Kidd">Michael Kidd</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Donen" title="Stanley Donen">Stanley Donen</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Wajda" title="Andrzej Wajda">Andrzej Wajda</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Cardiff" title="Jack Cardiff">Jack Cardiff</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lehman" title="Ernest Lehman">Ernest Lehman</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Poitier" title="Sidney Poitier">Sidney Poitier</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_O%27Toole" title="Peter O'Toole">Peter O'Toole</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blake_Edwards" title="Blake Edwards">Blake Edwards</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lumet" title="Sidney Lumet">Sidney Lumet</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman">Robert Altman</a> (2005)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Boyle" title="Robert F. Boyle">Robert F. Boyle</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauren_Bacall" title="Lauren Bacall">Lauren Bacall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roger_Corman" title="Roger Corman">Roger Corman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Willis" title="Gordon Willis">Gordon Willis</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Brownlow" title="Kevin Brownlow">Kevin Brownlow</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Godard" title="Jean-Luc Godard">Jean-Luc Godard</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eli_Wallach" title="Eli Wallach">Eli Wallach</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones" title="James Earl Jones">James Earl Jones</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dick_Smith_(make-up_artist)" title="Dick Smith (make-up artist)">Dick Smith</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._A._Pennebaker" title="D. A. Pennebaker">D. A. Pennebaker</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hal_Needham" title="Hal Needham">Hal Needham</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Stevens_Jr." title="George Stevens Jr.">George Stevens Jr.</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Lansbury" title="Angela Lansbury">Angela Lansbury</a> / <a href="/wiki/Steve_Martin" title="Steve Martin">Steve Martin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Piero_Tosi" title="Piero Tosi">Piero Tosi</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Carri%C3%A8re" title="Jean-Claude Carrière">Jean-Claude Carrière</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hayao_Miyazaki" title="Hayao Miyazaki">Hayao Miyazaki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maureen_O%27Hara" title="Maureen O'Hara">Maureen O'Hara</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_Lee" title="Spike Lee">Spike Lee</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gena_Rowlands" title="Gena Rowlands">Gena Rowlands</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Chan" title="Jackie Chan">Jackie Chan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lynn_Stalmaster" title="Lynn Stalmaster">Lynn Stalmaster</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anne_V._Coates" title="Anne V. Coates">Anne V. Coates</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Wiseman" title="Frederick Wiseman">Frederick Wiseman</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Burnett_(director)" title="Charles Burnett (director)">Charles Burnett</a> / <a href="/wiki/Owen_Roizman" title="Owen Roizman">Owen Roizman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Donald_Sutherland" title="Donald Sutherland">Donald Sutherland</a> / <a href="/wiki/Agn%C3%A8s_Varda" title="Agnès Varda">Agnès Varda</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Levy_(publicist)" title="Marvin Levy (publicist)">Marvin Levy</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lalo_Schifrin" title="Lalo Schifrin">Lalo Schifrin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cicely_Tyson" title="Cicely Tyson">Cicely Tyson</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wes_Studi" title="Wes Studi">Wes Studi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lina_Wertm%C3%BCller" title="Lina Wertmüller">Lina Wertmüller</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Jackson" title="Samuel L. Jackson">Samuel L. Jackson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Elaine_May" title="Elaine May">Elaine May</a> / <a href="/wiki/Liv_Ullmann" title="Liv Ullmann">Liv Ullmann</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euzhan_Palcy" title="Euzhan Palcy">Euzhan Palcy</a> / <a href="/wiki/Diane_Warren" title="Diane Warren">Diane Warren</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Weir" title="Peter Weir">Peter Weir</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Bassett" title="Angela Bassett">Angela Bassett</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mel_Brooks" title="Mel Brooks">Mel Brooks</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carol_Littleton" title="Carol Littleton">Carol Littleton</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quincy_Jones" title="Quincy Jones">Quincy Jones</a> / <a href="/wiki/Juliet_Taylor" title="Juliet Taylor">Juliet Taylor</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Original_Music" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #BDB76B"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Original_Music" title="Template:BAFTA Award for Best Original Music"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Original_Music" title="Template talk:BAFTA Award for Best Original Music"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Original_Music" title="Special:EditPage/Template:BAFTA Award for Best Original Music"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Original_Music" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Original_Music" title="BAFTA Award for Best Original Music">BAFTA Award for Best Original Music</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BDB76B;width:1%;background: #C5B358">1968–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Barry_(composer)" title="John Barry (composer)">John Barry</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikis_Theodorakis" title="Mikis Theodorakis">Mikis Theodorakis</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burt_Bacharach" title="Burt Bacharach">Burt Bacharach</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Legrand" title="Michel Legrand">Michel Legrand</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nino_Rota" title="Nino Rota">Nino Rota</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Price" title="Alan Price">Alan Price</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rodney_Bennett" title="Richard Rodney Bennett">Richard Rodney Bennett</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Herrmann" title="Bernard Herrmann">Bernard Herrmann</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Addison" title="John Addison">John Addison</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1978)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Davis" title="Carl Davis">Carl Davis</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryuichi_Sakamoto" title="Ryuichi Sakamoto">Ryuichi Sakamoto</a> (1983)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Jarre" title="Maurice Jarre">Maurice Jarre</a> (1985)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (1986)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Jarre" title="Maurice Jarre">Maurice Jarre</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Morricone" title="Andrea Morricone">Andrea</a> and <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Petit" title="Jean-Claude Petit">Jean-Claude Petit</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hirschfelder" title="David Hirschfelder">David Hirschfelder</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Was" title="Don Was">Don Was</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Bacalov" title="Luis Bacalov">Luis Bacalov</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Yared" title="Gabriel Yared">Gabriel Yared</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nellee_Hooper" title="Nellee Hooper">Nellee Hooper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Craig_Armstrong_(composer)" title="Craig Armstrong (composer)">Craig Armstrong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marius_de_Vries" title="Marius de Vries">Marius de Vries</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hirschfelder" title="David Hirschfelder">David Hirschfelder</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Newman" title="Thomas Newman">Thomas Newman</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tan_Dun" title="Tan Dun">Tan Dun</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BDB76B;width:1%;background: #C5B358">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Armstrong_(composer)" title="Craig Armstrong (composer)">Craig Armstrong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marius_de_Vries" title="Marius de Vries">Marius de Vries</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Glass" title="Philip Glass">Philip Glass</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T_Bone_Burnett" title="T Bone Burnett">T Bone Burnett</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Yared" title="Gabriel Yared">Gabriel Yared</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Santaolalla" title="Gustavo Santaolalla">Gustavo Santaolalla</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Santaolalla" title="Gustavo Santaolalla">Gustavo Santaolalla</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Gunning" title="Christopher Gunning">Christopher Gunning</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._R._Rahman" title="A. R. Rahman">A. R. Rahman</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Giacchino" title="Michael Giacchino">Michael Giacchino</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludovic_Bource" title="Ludovic Bource">Ludovic Bource</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Newman" title="Thomas Newman">Thomas Newman</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Price_(composer)" title="Steven Price (composer)">Steven Price</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a> (2014)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Hurwitz" title="Justin Hurwitz">Justin Hurwitz</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradley_Cooper" title="Bradley Cooper">Bradley Cooper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lady_Gaga" title="Lady Gaga">Lady Gaga</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lukas_Nelson_%26_Promise_of_the_Real" title="Lukas Nelson & Promise of the Real">Lukas Nelson</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildur_Gu%C3%B0nad%C3%B3ttir" title="Hildur Guðnadóttir">Hildur Guðnadóttir</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Batiste" title="Jon Batiste">Jon Batiste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trent_Reznor" title="Trent Reznor">Trent Reznor</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Atticus_Ross" title="Atticus Ross">Atticus Ross</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Zimmer" title="Hans Zimmer">Hans Zimmer</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Bertelmann" class="mw-redirect" title="Volker Bertelmann">Volker Bertelmann</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_G%C3%B6ransson" title="Ludwig Göransson">Ludwig Göransson</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chicago_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chicago_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Template:Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Original Score"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chicago_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Template talk:Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Original Score"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Original Score"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chicago_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Original Score">Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Original Score</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Nyman" title="Michael Nyman">Michael Nyman</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Newman" title="Randy Newman">Randy Newman</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Zimmer" title="Hans Zimmer">Hans Zimmer</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carter_Burwell" title="Carter Burwell">Carter Burwell</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Horner" title="James Horner">James Horner</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkhard_Dallwitz" title="Burkhard Dallwitz">Burkhard Dallwitz</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trey_Parker" title="Trey Parker">Trey Parker</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marc_Shaiman" title="Marc Shaiman">Marc Shaiman</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tan_Dun" title="Tan Dun">Tan Dun</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Shore" title="Howard Shore">Howard Shore</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmer_Bernstein" title="Elmer Bernstein">Elmer Bernstein</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Shore" title="Howard Shore">Howard Shore</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Shore" title="Howard Shore">Howard Shore</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Santaolalla" title="Gustavo Santaolalla">Gustavo Santaolalla</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Mansell" title="Clint Mansell">Clint Mansell</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Hansard" title="Glen Hansard">Glen Hansard</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mark%C3%A9ta_Irglov%C3%A1" title="Markéta Irglová">Markéta Irglová</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Newman" title="Thomas Newman">Thomas Newman</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Giacchino" title="Michael Giacchino">Michael Giacchino</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Mansell" title="Clint Mansell">Clint Mansell</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliff_Martinez" title="Cliff Martinez">Cliff Martinez</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonny_Greenwood" title="Jonny Greenwood">Jonny Greenwood</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arcade_Fire" title="Arcade Fire">Arcade Fire</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micachu" class="mw-redirect" title="Micachu">Micachu</a> (2014)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micachu" class="mw-redirect" title="Micachu">Micachu</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonny_Greenwood" title="Jonny Greenwood">Jonny Greenwood</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Britell" title="Nicholas Britell">Nicholas Britell</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Reznor" title="Trent Reznor">Trent Reznor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atticus_Ross" title="Atticus Ross">Atticus Ross</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jon_Batiste" title="Jon Batiste">Jon Batiste</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonny_Greenwood" title="Jonny Greenwood">Jonny Greenwood</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Hurwitz" title="Justin Hurwitz">Justin Hurwitz</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robbie_Robertson" title="Robbie Robertson">Robbie Robertson</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Critics&#039;_Choice_Movie_Award_for_Best_Score" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Broadcast_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Score" title="Template:Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Score"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Broadcast_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Score" title="Template talk:Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Score"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Broadcast_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Score" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Score"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Critics&#039;_Choice_Movie_Award_for_Best_Score" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Critics%27_Choice_Movie_Award_for_Best_Score" title="Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Score">Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Score</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Yared" title="Gabriel Yared">Gabriel Yared</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Gerrard" title="Lisa Gerrard">Lisa Gerrard</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hans_Zimmer" title="Hans Zimmer">Hans Zimmer</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Shore" title="Howard Shore">Howard Shore</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Shore" title="Howard Shore">Howard Shore</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Shore" title="Howard Shore">Howard Shore</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Glass" title="Philip Glass">Philip Glass</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonny_Greenwood" title="Jonny Greenwood">Jonny Greenwood</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._R._Rahman" title="A. R. Rahman">A. R. Rahman</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Giacchino" title="Michael Giacchino">Michael Giacchino</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Reznor" title="Trent Reznor">Trent Reznor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Atticus_Ross" title="Atticus Ross">Atticus Ross</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludovic_Bource" title="Ludovic Bource">Ludovic Bource</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Price_(composer)" title="Steven Price (composer)">Steven Price</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_S%C3%A1nchez_(drummer)" title="Antonio Sánchez (drummer)">Antonio Sánchez</a> (2014)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Hurwitz" title="Justin Hurwitz">Justin Hurwitz</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Hurwitz" title="Justin Hurwitz">Justin Hurwitz</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildur_Gu%C3%B0nad%C3%B3ttir" title="Hildur Guðnadóttir">Hildur Guðnadóttir</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Reznor" title="Trent Reznor">Trent Reznor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atticus_Ross" title="Atticus Ross">Atticus Ross</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jon_Batiste" title="Jon Batiste">Jon Batiste</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Zimmer" title="Hans Zimmer">Hans Zimmer</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildur_Gu%C3%B0nad%C3%B3ttir" title="Hildur Guðnadóttir">Hildur Guðnadóttir</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_G%C3%B6ransson" title="Ludwig Göransson">Ludwig Göransson</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="David_di_Donatello_Award_for_Best_Score" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #DDBF5F"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:David_di_Donatello_Best_Score" title="Template:David di Donatello Best Score"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:David_di_Donatello_Best_Score" title="Template talk:David di Donatello Best Score"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:David_di_Donatello_Best_Score" title="Special:EditPage/Template:David di Donatello Best Score"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="David_di_Donatello_Award_for_Best_Score" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/David_di_Donatello_for_Best_Score" title="David di Donatello for Best Score">David di Donatello Award for Best Score</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #DDBF5F;width:1%">1975–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piero_Piccioni" title="Piero Piccioni">Piero Piccioni</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_Mannino" title="Franco Mannino">Franco Mannino</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nino_Rota" title="Nino Rota">Nino Rota</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armando_Trovajoli" title="Armando Trovajoli">Armando Trovajoli</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiorenzo_Carpi" title="Fiorenzo Carpi">Fiorenzo Carpi</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucio_Dalla" title="Lucio Dalla">Lucio Dalla</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabio_Liberatori&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fabio Liberatori (page does not exist)">Fabio Liberatori</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Branduardi" title="Angelo Branduardi">Angelo Branduardi</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armando_Trovajoli" title="Armando Trovajoli">Armando Trovajoli</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Cosma" title="Vladimir Cosma">Vladimir Cosma</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Savina" title="Carlo Savina">Carlo Savina</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riz_Ortolani" title="Riz Ortolani">Riz Ortolani</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nicola_Piovani" title="Nicola Piovani">Nicola Piovani</a> (1986)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (1988)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudio_Mattone" title="Claudio Mattone">Claudio Mattone</a> (1990)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_Piersanti" title="Franco Piersanti">Franco Piersanti</a> (1992)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Piovani" title="Nicola Piovani">Nicola Piovani</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_Piersanti" title="Franco Piersanti">Franco Piersanti</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_De_Sica" title="Manuel De Sica">Manuel De Sica</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Conte" title="Paolo Conte">Paolo Conte</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nino_D%27Angelo" title="Nino D'Angelo">Nino D'Angelo</a> (1998)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (1999)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #DDBF5F;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Piovani" title="Nicola Piovani">Nicola Piovani</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabio_Vacchi" title="Fabio Vacchi">Fabio Vacchi</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Guerra_(composer)" title="Andrea Guerra (composer)">Andrea Guerra</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banda_Osiris" title="Banda Osiris">Banda Osiris</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riz_Ortolani" title="Riz Ortolani">Riz Ortolani</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_Piersanti" title="Franco Piersanti">Franco Piersanti</a> (2006)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Buonvino" title="Paolo Buonvino">Paolo Buonvino</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teho_Teardo" title="Teho Teardo">Teho Teardo</a> (2009)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita_Marcotulli" title="Rita Marcotulli">Rita Marcotulli</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rocco_Papaleo" title="Rocco Papaleo">Rocco Papaleo</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Byrne" title="David Byrne">David Byrne</a> (2012)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pivio_and_Aldo_De_Scalzi" title="Pivio and Aldo De Scalzi">Pivio and Aldo De Scalzi</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuliano_Taviani" title="Giuliano Taviani">Giuliano Taviani</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lang_(composer)" title="David Lang (composer)">David Lang</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enzo_Avitabile" title="Enzo Avitabile">Enzo Avitabile</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pivio_and_Aldo_De_Scalzi" title="Pivio and Aldo De Scalzi">Pivio and Aldo De Scalzi</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apparat_(musician)" title="Apparat (musician)">Sascha Ring</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philipp_Thimm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philipp Thimm (page does not exist)">Philipp Thimm</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchestra_di_Piazza_Vittorio" title="Orchestra di Piazza Vittorio">Orchestra di Piazza Vittorio</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gatto_Ciliegia_contro_il_Grande_Freddo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gatto Ciliegia contro il Grande Freddo (page does not exist)">Gatto Ciliegia contro il Grande Freddo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Boys_(band)" title="Downtown Boys (band)">Downtown Boys</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Piovani" title="Nicola Piovani">Nicola Piovani</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefano_Bollani" title="Stefano Bollani">Stefano Bollani</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subsonica" title="Subsonica">Subsonica</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:European_Film_Award_for_Best_Composer" title="Template:European Film Award for Best Composer"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#FFCC00">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:European_Film_Award_for_Best_Composer" title="Template talk:European Film Award for Best Composer"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#FFCC00">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:European_Film_Award_for_Best_Composer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:European Film Award for Best Composer"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#FFCC00">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="European_Film_Award_for_Best_Composer" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/European_Film_Award_for_Best_Composer" title="European Film Award for Best Composer">European Film Award for Best Composer</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yuri_Khanon" title="Yuri Khanon">Yuri Khanon</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Dickson" title="Andrew Dickson">Andrew Dickson</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilmar_%C3%96rn_Hilmarsson" title="Hilmar Örn Hilmarsson">Hilmar Örn Hilmarsson</a> (1991)</li> <li>Vincent van Warmerdam (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Coulais" title="Bruno Coulais">Bruno Coulais</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupert_Gregson-Williams" title="Rupert Gregson-Williams">Rupert Gregson-Williams</a> and <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Guerra_(composer)" title="Andrea Guerra (composer)">Andrea Guerra</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Iglesias" title="Alberto Iglesias">Alberto Iglesias</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Richter" title="Max Richter">Max Richter</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Iglesias" title="Alberto Iglesias">Alberto Iglesias</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludovic_Bource" title="Ludovic Bource">Ludovic Bource</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Iglesias" title="Alberto Iglesias">Alberto Iglesias</a> (2012)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micachu" class="mw-redirect" title="Micachu">Mica Levi</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faris_Badwan" title="Faris Badwan">Faris Badwan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Zeffira" title="Rachel Zeffira">Rachel Zeffira</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evgueni_and_Sacha_Galperine" class="mw-redirect" title="Evgueni and Sacha Galperine">Evgueni and Sacha Galperine</a> (2017)</li> <li>Christoph M. Kaiser and Julian Maas (2018)</li> <li>John Gürtler (2019)</li> <li>Dascha Dauenhauer (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Br%C3%B6tzmann" title="Peter Brötzmann">Peter Brötzmann</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nils_Petter_Molv%C3%A6r" title="Nils Petter Molvær">Nils Petter Molvær</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawe%C5%82_Mykietyn" title="Paweł Mykietyn">Paweł Mykietyn</a> (2022)</li> <li>Markus Binder (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puce_Mary" title="Puce Mary">Frederikke Hoffmeier</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="European_Film_Academy_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#003399; color:#FFCC00;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:European_Film_Academy_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="Template:European Film Academy Lifetime Achievement Award"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#FFCC00">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:European_Film_Academy_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="Template talk:European Film Academy Lifetime Achievement Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#FFCC00">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:European_Film_Academy_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:European Film Academy Lifetime Achievement Award"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#FFCC00">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="European_Film_Academy_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/European_Film_Academy_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="European Film Academy Lifetime Achievement Award">European Film Academy Lifetime Achievement Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li> <a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1988)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Marcello_Mastroianni" title="Marcello Mastroianni">Marcello Mastroianni</a> (1988)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> (1989)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Wajda" title="Andrzej Wajda">Andrzej Wajda</a> (1990)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Trauner" title="Alexandre Trauner">Alexandre Trauner</a> (1991)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder">Billy Wilder</a> (1992)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Antonioni" title="Michelangelo Antonioni">Michelangelo Antonioni</a> (1993)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bresson" title="Robert Bresson">Robert Bresson</a> (1994)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Carn%C3%A9" title="Marcel Carné">Marcel Carné</a> (1995)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a> (1996)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Moreau" title="Jeanne Moreau">Jeanne Moreau</a> (1997)</li> <li> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (1999)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Harris" title="Richard Harris">Richard Harris</a> (2000)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Monty_Python" title="Monty Python">Monty Python</a> (2001)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Tonino_Guerra" title="Tonino Guerra">Tonino Guerra</a> (2002)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Claude_Chabrol" title="Claude Chabrol">Claude Chabrol</a> (2003)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Saura" title="Carlos Saura">Carlos Saura</a> (2004)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Sean_Connery" title="Sean Connery">Sean Connery</a> (2005)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a> (2006)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Godard" title="Jean-Luc Godard">Jean-Luc Godard</a> (2007)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Judi_Dench" title="Judi Dench">Judi Dench</a> (2008)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Ken_Loach" title="Ken Loach">Ken Loach</a> (2009)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Ganz" title="Bruno Ganz">Bruno Ganz</a> (2010)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Frears" title="Stephen Frears">Stephen Frears</a> (2011)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Bertolucci" title="Bernardo Bertolucci">Bernardo Bertolucci</a> (2012)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Deneuve" title="Catherine Deneuve">Catherine Deneuve</a> (2013)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Agn%C3%A8s_Varda" title="Agnès Varda">Agnès Varda</a> (2014)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Rampling" title="Charlotte Rampling">Charlotte Rampling</a> (2015)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Carri%C3%A8re" title="Jean-Claude Carrière">Jean-Claude Carrière</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Sokurov" title="Alexander Sokurov">Alexander Sokurov</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmen_Maura" title="Carmen Maura">Carmen Maura</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Herzog" title="Werner Herzog">Werner Herzog</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1rta_M%C3%A9sz%C3%A1ros" title="Márta Mészáros">Márta Mészáros</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margarethe_von_Trotta" title="Margarethe von Trotta">Margarethe von Trotta</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanessa_Redgrave" title="Vanessa Redgrave">Vanessa Redgrave</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wim_Wenders" title="Wim Wenders">Wim Wenders</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#003399; color:#FFCC00;;width:1%">Award of Merit (Special Achievement Award)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Attenborough" title="Richard Attenborough">Richard Attenborough</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Irons" title="Jeremy Irons">Jeremy Irons</a> (1998)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#003399; color:#FFCC00;;width:1%">Honorary Award</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manoel_de_Oliveira" title="Manoel de Oliveira">Manoel de Oliveira</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Piccoli" title="Michel Piccoli">Michel Piccoli</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Caine" title="Michael Caine">Michael Caine</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Wajda" title="Andrzej Wajda">Andrzej Wajda</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costa-Gavras" title="Costa-Gavras">Costa-Gavras</a> (2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #CFB53B"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Template:Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Template talk:Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score">Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #CFB53B;width:1%;background: #CFB53B">1940s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Life_with_Father_(film)" title="Life with Father (film)">Life with Father</a> – <a href="/wiki/Max_Steiner" title="Max Steiner">Max Steiner</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Red_Shoes_(1948_film)" title="The Red Shoes (1948 film)">The Red Shoes</a> – <a href="/wiki/Brian_Easdale" title="Brian Easdale">Brian Easdale</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Inspector_General_(1949_film)" title="The Inspector General (1949 film)">The Inspector General</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Green" title="Johnny Green">Johnny Green</a> (1949)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #CFB53B;width:1%;background: #CFB53B">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunset_Boulevard_(soundtrack)" title="Sunset Boulevard (soundtrack)">Sunset Boulevard</a> – <a href="/wiki/Franz_Waxman" title="Franz Waxman">Franz Waxman</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_Affair" title="September Affair">September Affair</a> – <a href="/wiki/Victor_Young" title="Victor Young">Victor Young</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Noon" title="High Noon">High Noon</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dimitri_Tiomkin" title="Dimitri Tiomkin">Dimitri Tiomkin</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_the_Beach_(1959_film)" title="On the Beach (1959 film)">On the Beach</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Gold" title="Ernest Gold">Ernest Gold</a> (1959)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #CFB53B;width:1%;background: #CFB53B">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Alamo_(1960_film)" title="The Alamo (1960 film)">The Alamo</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dimitri_Tiomkin" title="Dimitri Tiomkin">Dimitri Tiomkin</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Guns_of_Navarone_(film)" title="The Guns of Navarone (film)">The Guns of Navarone</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dimitri_Tiomkin" title="Dimitri Tiomkin">Dimitri Tiomkin</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/To_Kill_a_Mockingbird_(film)" title="To Kill a Mockingbird (film)">To Kill a Mockingbird</a> – <a href="/wiki/Elmer_Bernstein" title="Elmer Bernstein">Elmer Bernstein</a> (1962)</li> <li>(1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fall_of_the_Roman_Empire_(film)" title="The Fall of the Roman Empire (film)">The Fall of the Roman Empire</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dimitri_Tiomkin" title="Dimitri Tiomkin">Dimitri Tiomkin</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Zhivago_(soundtrack)" title="Doctor Zhivago (soundtrack)">Doctor Zhivago</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Jarre" title="Maurice Jarre">Maurice Jarre</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaii_(1966_film)" title="Hawaii (1966 film)">Hawaii</a> – <a href="/wiki/Elmer_Bernstein" title="Elmer Bernstein">Elmer Bernstein</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camelot_(film)" title="Camelot (film)">Camelot</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Loewe" title="Frederick Loewe">Frederick Loewe</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Shoes_of_the_Fisherman_(film)" title="The Shoes of the Fisherman (film)">The Shoes of the Fisherman</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alex_North" title="Alex North">Alex North</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butch_Cassidy_and_the_Sundance_Kid" title="Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid">Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid</a> – <a href="/wiki/Burt_Bacharach" title="Burt Bacharach">Burt Bacharach</a> (1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #CFB53B;width:1%;background: #CFB53B">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Love_Story_(1970_film)" title="Love Story (1970 film)">Love Story</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francis_Lai" title="Francis Lai">Francis Lai</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaft_(Isaac_Hayes_album)" title="Shaft (Isaac Hayes album)">Shaft</a> – <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Hayes" title="Isaac Hayes">Isaac Hayes</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Godfather_(soundtrack)" title="The Godfather (soundtrack)">The Godfather</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nino_Rota" title="Nino Rota">Nino Rota</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Livingston_Seagull_(film)" title="Jonathan Livingston Seagull (film)">Jonathan Livingston Seagull</a> – <a href="/wiki/Neil_Diamond" title="Neil Diamond">Neil Diamond</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Little_Prince_(1974_film)" title="The Little Prince (1974 film)">The Little Prince</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alan_Jay_Lerner" title="Alan Jay Lerner">Alan Jay Lerner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Loewe" title="Frederick Loewe">Frederick Loewe</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaws_(soundtrack)" title="Jaws (soundtrack)">Jaws</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Star_Is_Born_(1976_soundtrack)" title="A Star Is Born (1976 soundtrack)">A Star is Born</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Ascher" title="Kenneth Ascher">Kenneth Ascher</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Williams_(songwriter)" title="Paul Williams (songwriter)">Paul Williams</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_(soundtrack)" title="Star Wars (soundtrack)">Star Wars</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midnight_Express_(film)" title="Midnight Express (film)">Midnight Express</a> – <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Moroder" title="Giorgio Moroder">Giorgio Moroder</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apocalypse_Now" title="Apocalypse Now">Apocalypse Now</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carmine_Coppola" title="Carmine Coppola">Carmine Coppola</a> and <a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #CFB53B;width:1%;background: #CFB53B">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Stunt_Man" title="The Stunt Man">The Stunt Man</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dominic_Frontiere" title="Dominic Frontiere">Dominic Frontiere</a> (1980)</li> <li>No Award (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/E.T._the_Extra-Terrestrial_(soundtrack)" title="E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (soundtrack)">E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flashdance" title="Flashdance">Flashdance</a> – <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Moroder" title="Giorgio Moroder">Giorgio Moroder</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Passage_to_India_(film)" title="A Passage to India (film)">A Passage to India</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Jarre" title="Maurice Jarre">Maurice Jarre</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Out_of_Africa_(film)" title="Out of Africa (film)">Out of Africa</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Barry_(composer)" title="John Barry (composer)">John Barry</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mission_(soundtrack)" title="The Mission (soundtrack)">The Mission</a> – <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Emperor_(album)" title="The Last Emperor (album)">The Last Emperor</a> – <a href="/wiki/David_Byrne" title="David Byrne">David Byrne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ryuichi_Sakamoto" title="Ryuichi Sakamoto">Ryuichi Sakamoto</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cong_Su" title="Cong Su">Cong Su</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorillas_in_the_Mist" title="Gorillas in the Mist">Gorillas in the Mist</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Jarre" title="Maurice Jarre">Maurice Jarre</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Little_Mermaid_(1989_soundtrack)" title="The Little Mermaid (1989 soundtrack)">The Little Mermaid</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alan_Menken" title="Alan Menken">Alan Menken</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #CFB53B;width:1%;background: #CFB53B">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Sheltering_Sky_(soundtrack)" title="The Sheltering Sky (soundtrack)">The Sheltering Sky</a> – <a href="/wiki/Richard_Horowitz" title="Richard Horowitz">Richard Horowitz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ryuichi_Sakamoto" title="Ryuichi Sakamoto">Ryuichi Sakamoto</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beauty_and_the_Beast_(1991_soundtrack)" title="Beauty and the Beast (1991 soundtrack)">Beauty and the Beast</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alan_Menken" title="Alan Menken">Alan Menken</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aladdin_(1992_soundtrack)" title="Aladdin (1992 soundtrack)">Aladdin</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alan_Menken" title="Alan Menken">Alan Menken</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heaven_%26_Earth_(soundtrack)" title="Heaven & Earth (soundtrack)">Heaven & Earth</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kitar%C5%8D" title="Kitarō">Kitarō</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lion_King_(1994_soundtrack)" title="The Lion King (1994 soundtrack)">The Lion King</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hans_Zimmer" title="Hans Zimmer">Hans Zimmer</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Walk_in_the_Clouds_(soundtrack)" title="A Walk in the Clouds (soundtrack)">A Walk in the Clouds</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Jarre" title="Maurice Jarre">Maurice Jarre</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_English_Patient_(soundtrack)" title="The English Patient (soundtrack)">The English Patient</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Yared" title="Gabriel Yared">Gabriel Yared</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titanic:_Music_from_the_Motion_Picture" title="Titanic: Music from the Motion Picture">Titanic</a> – <a href="/wiki/James_Horner" title="James Horner">James Horner</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Truman_Show:_Music_from_the_Motion_Picture" title="The Truman Show: Music from the Motion Picture">The Truman Show</a> – <a href="/wiki/Burkhard_Dallwitz" title="Burkhard Dallwitz">Burkhard Dallwitz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philip_Glass" title="Philip Glass">Philip Glass</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Legend_of_1900_(soundtrack)" title="The Legend of 1900 (soundtrack)">The Legend of 1900</a> – <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #CFB53B;width:1%;background: #CFB53B">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gladiator_(2000_soundtrack)" title="Gladiator (2000 soundtrack)">Gladiator</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Gerrard" title="Lisa Gerrard">Lisa Gerrard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hans_Zimmer" title="Hans Zimmer">Hans Zimmer</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moulin_Rouge!" title="Moulin Rouge!">Moulin Rouge!</a> – <a href="/wiki/Craig_Armstrong_(composer)" title="Craig Armstrong (composer)">Craig Armstrong</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frida_(soundtrack)" title="Frida (soundtrack)">Frida</a> – <a href="/wiki/Elliot_Goldenthal" title="Elliot Goldenthal">Elliot Goldenthal</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings:_The_Return_of_the_King_(soundtrack)" title="The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (soundtrack)">The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King</a> – <a href="/wiki/Howard_Shore" title="Howard Shore">Howard Shore</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Aviator_(soundtrack)" title="The Aviator (soundtrack)">The Aviator</a> – <a href="/wiki/Howard_Shore" title="Howard Shore">Howard Shore</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memoirs_of_a_Geisha_(soundtrack)" title="Memoirs of a Geisha (soundtrack)">Memoirs of a Geisha</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Painted_Veil_(soundtrack)" title="The Painted Veil (soundtrack)">The Painted Veil</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atonement_(soundtrack)" title="Atonement (soundtrack)">Atonement</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dario_Marianelli" title="Dario Marianelli">Dario Marianelli</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slumdog_Millionaire:_Music_from_the_Motion_Picture" title="Slumdog Millionaire: Music from the Motion Picture">Slumdog Millionaire</a> – <a href="/wiki/A._R._Rahman" title="A. R. Rahman">A. R. Rahman</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Up_(soundtrack)" title="Up (soundtrack)">Up</a> – <a href="/wiki/Michael_Giacchino" title="Michael Giacchino">Michael Giacchino</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #CFB53B;width:1%;background: #CFB53B">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Social_Network_(soundtrack)" title="The Social Network (soundtrack)">The Social Network</a> – <a href="/wiki/Trent_Reznor" title="Trent Reznor">Trent Reznor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Atticus_Ross" title="Atticus Ross">Atticus Ross</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Artist_(soundtrack)" title="The Artist (soundtrack)">The Artist</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ludovic_Bource" title="Ludovic Bource">Ludovic Bource</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_of_Pi_(soundtrack)" title="Life of Pi (soundtrack)">Life of Pi</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mychael_Danna" title="Mychael Danna">Mychael Danna</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Is_Lost" title="All Is Lost">All Is Lost</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alex_Ebert" title="Alex Ebert">Alex Ebert</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Theory_of_Everything_(soundtrack)" title="The Theory of Everything (soundtrack)">The Theory of Everything</a> – <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3hann_J%C3%B3hannsson" title="Jóhann Jóhannsson">Jóhann Jóhannsson</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hateful_Eight_(soundtrack)" title="The Hateful Eight (soundtrack)">The Hateful Eight</a> – <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_La_Land_(soundtrack)" title="La La Land (soundtrack)">La La Land</a> – <a href="/wiki/Justin_Hurwitz" title="Justin Hurwitz">Justin Hurwitz</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Shape_of_Water_(soundtrack)" title="The Shape of Water (soundtrack)">The Shape of Water</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Man_(soundtrack)" title="First Man (soundtrack)">First Man</a> – <a href="/wiki/Justin_Hurwitz" title="Justin Hurwitz">Justin Hurwitz</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joker_(soundtrack)" title="Joker (soundtrack)">Joker</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hildur_Gu%C3%B0nad%C3%B3ttir" title="Hildur Guðnadóttir">Hildur Guðnadóttir</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #CFB53B;width:1%;background: #CFB53B">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soul_(soundtrack)" title="Soul (soundtrack)">Soul</a> – <a href="/wiki/Trent_Reznor" title="Trent Reznor">Trent Reznor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atticus_Ross" title="Atticus Ross">Atticus Ross</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jon_Batiste" title="Jon Batiste">Jon Batiste</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Dune_(2021_film)" title="Music of Dune (2021 film)">Dune</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hans_Zimmer" title="Hans Zimmer">Hans Zimmer</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babylon_(soundtrack)" title="Babylon (soundtrack)">Babylon</a> – <a href="/wiki/Justin_Hurwitz" title="Justin Hurwitz">Justin Hurwitz</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oppenheimer_(soundtrack)" title="Oppenheimer (soundtrack)">Oppenheimer</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_G%C3%B6ransson" title="Ludwig Göransson">Ludwig Göransson</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement" title="Template:Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement" title="Template talk:Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement" title="Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement">Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1969–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Luis Buñuel</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Carn%C3%A9" title="Marcel Carné">Marcel Carné</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anatoli_Golovnya" title="Anatoli Golovnya">Anatoli Golovnya</a> / <a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder">Billy Wilder</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Blasetti" title="Alessandro Blasetti">Alessandro Blasetti</a> / <a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Luis Buñuel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frank_Capra" title="Frank Capra">Frank Capra</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Cukor" title="George Cukor">George Cukor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Godard" title="Jean-Luc Godard">Jean-Luc Godard</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kluge" title="Alexander Kluge">Alexander Kluge</a> / <a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Powell" title="Michael Powell">Michael Powell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Satyajit_Ray" title="Satyajit Ray">Satyajit Ray</a> / <a href="/wiki/King_Vidor" title="King Vidor">King Vidor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Yutkevich" title="Sergei Yutkevich">Sergei Yutkevich</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cesare_Zavattini" title="Cesare Zavattini">Cesare Zavattini</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Antonioni" title="Michelangelo Antonioni">Michelangelo Antonioni</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_and_Vittorio_Taviani" title="Paolo and Vittorio Taviani">Paolo and Vittorio Taviani</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Comencini" title="Luigi Comencini">Luigi Comencini</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Mankiewicz" title="Joseph L. Mankiewicz">Joseph L. Mankiewicz</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joris_Ivens" title="Joris Ivens">Joris Ivens</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bresson" title="Robert Bresson">Robert Bresson</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_Jancs%C3%B3" title="Miklós Jancsó">Miklós Jancsó</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marcello_Mastroianni" title="Marcello Mastroianni">Marcello Mastroianni</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Monicelli" title="Mario Monicelli">Mario Monicelli</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gian_Maria_Volont%C3%A9" title="Gian Maria Volonté">Gian Maria Volonté</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Moreau" title="Jeanne Moreau">Jeanne Moreau</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Villaggio" title="Paolo Villaggio">Paolo Villaggio</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Cardinale" title="Claudia Cardinale">Claudia Cardinale</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a> / <a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suso_Cecchi_d%27Amico" title="Suso Cecchi d'Amico">Suso Cecchi d'Amico</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ken_Loach" title="Ken Loach">Ken Loach</a> / <a href="/wiki/Al_Pacino" title="Al Pacino">Al Pacino</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_De_Santis" title="Giuseppe De Santis">Giuseppe De Santis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Goffredo_Lombardo" title="Goffredo Lombardo">Goffredo Lombardo</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alain_Resnais" title="Alain Resnais">Alain Resnais</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Sordi" title="Alberto Sordi">Alberto Sordi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Monica_Vitti" title="Monica Vitti">Monica Vitti</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman">Robert Altman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Gassman" title="Vittorio Gassman">Vittorio Gassman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dustin_Hoffman" title="Dustin Hoffman">Dustin Hoffman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mich%C3%A8le_Morgan" title="Michèle Morgan">Michèle Morgan</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Depardieu" title="Gérard Depardieu">Gérard Depardieu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alida_Valli" title="Alida Valli">Alida Valli</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sophia_Loren" title="Sophia Loren">Sophia Loren</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Wajda" title="Andrzej Wajda">Andrzej Wajda</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Lewis" title="Jerry Lewis">Jerry Lewis</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ric_Rohmer" title="Éric Rohmer">Éric Rohmer</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dino_Risi" title="Dino Risi">Dino Risi</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dino_De_Laurentiis" title="Dino De Laurentiis">Dino De Laurentiis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Omar_Sharif" title="Omar Sharif">Omar Sharif</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manoel_de_Oliveira" title="Manoel de Oliveira">Manoel de Oliveira</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Donen" title="Stanley Donen">Stanley Donen</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayao_Miyazaki" title="Hayao Miyazaki">Hayao Miyazaki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stefania_Sandrelli" title="Stefania Sandrelli">Stefania Sandrelli</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Burton" title="Tim Burton">Tim Burton</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ermanno_Olmi" title="Ermanno Olmi">Ermanno Olmi</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lasseter" title="John Lasseter">John Lasseter</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Woo" title="John Woo">John Woo</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Bellocchio" title="Marco Bellocchio">Marco Bellocchio</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Rosi" title="Francesco Rosi">Francesco Rosi</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Friedkin" title="William Friedkin">William Friedkin</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelma_Schoonmaker" title="Thelma Schoonmaker">Thelma Schoonmaker</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Wiseman" title="Frederick Wiseman">Frederick Wiseman</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Tavernier" title="Bertrand Tavernier">Bertrand Tavernier</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Belmondo" title="Jean-Paul Belmondo">Jean-Paul Belmondo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Skolimowski" title="Jerzy Skolimowski">Jerzy Skolimowski</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg">David Cronenberg</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vanessa_Redgrave" title="Vanessa Redgrave">Vanessa Redgrave</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Almod%C3%B3var" title="Pedro Almodóvar">Pedro Almodóvar</a> / <a href="/wiki/Julie_Andrews" title="Julie Andrews">Julie Andrews</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Hui" title="Ann Hui">Ann Hui</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tilda_Swinton" title="Tilda Swinton">Tilda Swinton</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Benigni" title="Roberto Benigni">Roberto Benigni</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jamie_Lee_Curtis" title="Jamie Lee Curtis">Jamie Lee Curtis</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Deneuve" title="Catherine Deneuve">Catherine Deneuve</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Schrader" title="Paul Schrader">Paul Schrader</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liliana_Cavani" title="Liliana Cavani">Liliana Cavani</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tony_Leung_Chiu-wai" title="Tony Leung Chiu-wai">Tony Leung Chiu-wai</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigourney_Weaver" title="Sigourney Weaver">Sigourney Weaver</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Weir" title="Peter Weir">Peter Weir</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Grammy_Award_for_Best_Score_Soundtrack_for_Visual_Media" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Grammy_Award_for_Best_Score_Soundtrack_for_Visual_Media" title="Template:Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Grammy_Award_for_Best_Score_Soundtrack_for_Visual_Media" title="Template talk:Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Grammy_Award_for_Best_Score_Soundtrack_for_Visual_Media" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Grammy_Award_for_Best_Score_Soundtrack_for_Visual_Media" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Score_Soundtrack_for_Visual_Media" title="Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media">Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>No Award (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatomy_of_a_Murder" title="Anatomy of a Murder">Anatomy of a Murder</a> – <a href="/wiki/Duke_Ellington" title="Duke Ellington">Duke Ellington</a> (1959)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exodus_(soundtrack)" title="Exodus (soundtrack)">Exodus</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Gold" title="Ernest Gold">Ernest Gold</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakfast_at_Tiffany%27s:_Music_from_the_Motion_Picture" title="Breakfast at Tiffany's: Music from the Motion Picture">Breakfast at Tiffany's</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_Mancini" title="Henry Mancini">Henry Mancini</a> (1961)</li> <li>No Award (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Jones_(1963_film)" title="Tom Jones (1963 film)">Tom Jones</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Addison" title="John Addison">John Addison</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Poppins:_Original_Cast_Soundtrack" title="Mary Poppins: Original Cast Soundtrack">Mary Poppins</a> – <a href="/wiki/Richard_M._Sherman" title="Richard M. Sherman">Richard M. Sherman</a> & <a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Sherman" title="Robert B. Sherman">Robert B. Sherman</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sandpiper" title="The Sandpiper">The Sandpiper</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Mandel" title="Johnny Mandel">Johnny Mandel</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Zhivago_(soundtrack)" title="Doctor Zhivago (soundtrack)">Doctor Zhivago</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Jarre" title="Maurice Jarre">Maurice Jarre</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_from_Mission:_Impossible" title="Music from Mission: Impossible">Music from Mission: Impossible</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lalo_Schifrin" title="Lalo Schifrin">Lalo Schifrin</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Graduate_(soundtrack)" title="The Graduate (soundtrack)">The Graduate</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dave_Grusin" title="Dave Grusin">Dave Grusin</a> & <a href="/wiki/Paul_Simon" title="Paul Simon">Paul Simon</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butch_Cassidy_and_the_Sundance_Kid" title="Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid">Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid</a> – <a href="/wiki/Burt_Bacharach" title="Burt Bacharach">Burt Bacharach</a> (1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Let_It_Be_(album)" title="Let It Be (album)">Let It Be</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a> (<a href="/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon">John Lennon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a> & <a href="/wiki/Ringo_Starr" title="Ringo Starr">Ringo Starr</a>) (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaft_(Isaac_Hayes_album)" title="Shaft (Isaac Hayes album)">Shaft</a> – <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Hayes" title="Isaac Hayes">Isaac Hayes</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Godfather_(soundtrack)" title="The Godfather (soundtrack)">The Godfather</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nino_Rota" title="Nino Rota">Nino Rota</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Livingston_Seagull_(soundtrack)" title="Jonathan Livingston Seagull (soundtrack)">Jonathan Livingston Seagull</a> – <a href="/wiki/Neil_Diamond" title="Neil Diamond">Neil Diamond</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Way_We_Were:_Original_Soundtrack_Recording" title="The Way We Were: Original Soundtrack Recording">The Way We Were: Original Soundtrack Recording</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alan_and_Marilyn_Bergman" title="Alan and Marilyn Bergman">Alan and Marilyn Bergman</a> & <a href="/wiki/Marvin_Hamlisch" title="Marvin Hamlisch">Marvin Hamlisch</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaws_(soundtrack)" title="Jaws (soundtrack)">Jaws</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Car_Wash_(soundtrack)" title="Car Wash (soundtrack)">Car Wash</a> – <a href="/wiki/Norman_Whitfield" title="Norman Whitfield">Norman Whitfield</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_(soundtrack)" title="Star Wars (soundtrack)">Star Wars</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Close_Encounters_of_the_Third_Kind_(soundtrack)" title="Close Encounters of the Third Kind (soundtrack)">Close Encounters of the Third Kind</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superman_(1978_film)" title="Superman (1978 film)">Superman</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Empire_Strikes_Back_(soundtrack)" title="The Empire Strikes Back (soundtrack)">The Empire Strikes Back</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark_(soundtrack)" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark (soundtrack)">Raiders of the Lost Ark</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/E.T._the_Extra-Terrestrial_(soundtrack)" title="E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (soundtrack)">E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flashdance_(soundtrack)" title="Flashdance (soundtrack)">Flashdance</a> – <a href="/wiki/Michael_Boddicker" title="Michael Boddicker">Michael Boddicker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irene_Cara" title="Irene Cara">Irene Cara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kim_Carnes" title="Kim Carnes">Kim Carnes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doug_Cotler" title="Doug Cotler">Doug Cotler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keith_Forsey" title="Keith Forsey">Keith Forsey</a>, Richard Gilbert, <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Hey" title="Jerry Hey">Jerry Hey</a>, Duane Hitchings, <a href="/wiki/Craig_Krampf" title="Craig Krampf">Craig Krampf</a>, Ronald Magness, Dennis Matkosky, <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Moroder" title="Giorgio Moroder">Giorgio Moroder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phil_Ramone" title="Phil Ramone">Phil Ramone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Sembello" title="Michael Sembello">Michael Sembello</a> & <a href="/wiki/Shandi_Sinnamon" title="Shandi Sinnamon">Shandi Sinnamon</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purple_Rain_(album)" title="Purple Rain (album)">Purple Rain</a> – <a href="/wiki/Prince_(musician)" title="Prince (musician)">Prince</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Revolution_(band)" title="The Revolution (band)">the Revolution</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills_Cop_(soundtrack)" title="Beverly Hills Cop (soundtrack)">Beverly Hills Cop</a> – Marc Benno, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Faltermeyer" title="Harold Faltermeyer">Harold Faltermeyer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keith_Forsey" title="Keith Forsey">Keith Forsey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Micki_Free" title="Micki Free">Micki Free</a>, John Gilutin Hawk, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Hewett" title="Howard Hewett">Howard Hewett</a>, Bunny Hull, Howie Rice, <a href="/wiki/Sharon_Robinson_(songwriter)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharon Robinson (songwriter)">Sharon Robinson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Danny_Sembello" title="Danny Sembello">Danny Sembello</a>, Sue Sheridan, Richard Theisen & <a href="/wiki/Allee_Willis" title="Allee Willis">Allee Willis</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Out_of_Africa_(film)" title="Out of Africa (film)">Out of Africa</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Barry_(composer)" title="John Barry (composer)">John Barry</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Untouchables_(film)" title="The Untouchables (film)">The Untouchables</a> – <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Emperor_(album)" title="The Last Emperor (album)">The Last Emperor</a> – <a href="/wiki/David_Byrne" title="David Byrne">David Byrne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cong_Su" title="Cong Su">Cong Su</a> & <a href="/wiki/Ryuichi_Sakamoto" title="Ryuichi Sakamoto">Ryuichi Sakamoto</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fabulous_Baker_Boys_(Motion_Picture_Soundtrack)" title="The Fabulous Baker Boys (Motion Picture Soundtrack)">The Fabulous Baker Boys</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dave_Grusin" title="Dave Grusin">Dave Grusin</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glory_(1989_film)" title="Glory (1989 film)">Glory</a> – <a href="/wiki/James_Horner" title="James Horner">James Horner</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dances_with_Wolves_(soundtrack)" title="Dances with Wolves (soundtrack)">Dances with Wolves</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Barry_(composer)" title="John Barry (composer)">John Barry</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beauty_and_the_Beast_(1991_soundtrack)" title="Beauty and the Beast (1991 soundtrack)">Beauty and the Beast</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alan_Menken" title="Alan Menken">Alan Menken</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aladdin_(1992_soundtrack)" title="Aladdin (1992 soundtrack)">Aladdin</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alan_Menken" title="Alan Menken">Alan Menken</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schindler%27s_List_(soundtrack)" title="Schindler's List (soundtrack)">Schindler's List</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimson_Tide_(film)" title="Crimson Tide (film)">Crimson Tide</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hans_Zimmer" title="Hans Zimmer">Hans Zimmer</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(1996_film)" title="Independence Day (1996 film)">Independence Day</a> – <a href="/wiki/David_Arnold" title="David Arnold">David Arnold</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_English_Patient_(soundtrack)" title="The English Patient (soundtrack)">The English Patient</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Yared" title="Gabriel Yared">Gabriel Yared</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saving_Private_Ryan_(soundtrack)" title="Saving Private Ryan (soundtrack)">Saving Private Ryan</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Bug%27s_Life_(soundtrack)" title="A Bug's Life (soundtrack)">A Bug's Life</a> – <a href="/wiki/Randy_Newman" title="Randy Newman">Randy Newman</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Beauty:_Original_Motion_Picture_Score" class="mw-redirect" title="American Beauty: Original Motion Picture Score">American Beauty</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Newman" title="Thomas Newman">Thomas Newman</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crouching_Tiger,_Hidden_Dragon_(soundtrack)" title="Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (soundtrack)">Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tan_Dun" title="Tan Dun">Tan Dun</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_The_Lord_of_the_Rings_film_series" title="Music of The Lord of the Rings film series">The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring</a> – <a href="/wiki/Howard_Shore" title="Howard Shore">Howard Shore</a> & John Kurlander (engineer/mixer) (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_The_Lord_of_the_Rings_film_series" title="Music of The Lord of the Rings film series">The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers</a> – <a href="/wiki/Howard_Shore" title="Howard Shore">Howard Shore</a>, John Kurlander (engineer/mixer) & <a href="/wiki/Peter_Cobbin" title="Peter Cobbin">Peter Cobbin</a> (engineer/mixer) (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_The_Lord_of_the_Rings_film_series" title="Music of The Lord of the Rings film series">The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King</a> – <a href="/wiki/Howard_Shore" title="Howard Shore">Howard Shore</a>, John Kurlander (engineer/mixer) & <a href="/wiki/Peter_Cobbin" title="Peter Cobbin">Peter Cobbin</a> (engineer/mixer) (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_(soundtrack)" title="Ray (soundtrack)">Ray</a> – <a href="/wiki/Craig_Armstrong_(composer)" title="Craig Armstrong (composer)">Craig Armstrong</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memoirs_of_a_Geisha_(soundtrack)" title="Memoirs of a Geisha (soundtrack)">Memoirs of a Geisha</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratatouille_(soundtrack)" title="Ratatouille (soundtrack)">Ratatouille</a> – <a href="/wiki/Michael_Giacchino" title="Michael Giacchino">Michael Giacchino</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Knight:_Original_Motion_Picture_Soundtrack" class="mw-redirect" title="The Dark Knight: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack">The Dark Knight</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hans_Zimmer" title="Hans Zimmer">Hans Zimmer</a> & <a href="/wiki/James_Newton_Howard" title="James Newton Howard">James Newton Howard</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Up_(soundtrack)" title="Up (soundtrack)">Up</a> – <a href="/wiki/Michael_Giacchino" title="Michael Giacchino">Michael Giacchino</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toy_Story_3_(soundtrack)" title="Toy Story 3 (soundtrack)">Toy Story 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Randy_Newman" title="Randy Newman">Randy Newman</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_King%27s_Speech_(soundtrack)" title="The King's Speech (soundtrack)">The King's Speech</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Girl_with_the_Dragon_Tattoo_(soundtrack)" title="The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (soundtrack)">The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo</a> – <a href="/wiki/Trent_Reznor" title="Trent Reznor">Trent Reznor</a> & <a href="/wiki/Atticus_Ross" title="Atticus Ross">Atticus Ross</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyfall:_Original_Motion_Picture_Soundtrack" class="mw-redirect" title="Skyfall: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack">Skyfall</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Newman" title="Thomas Newman">Thomas Newman</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Grand_Budapest_Hotel_(soundtrack)" title="The Grand Budapest Hotel (soundtrack)">The Grand Budapest Hotel</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birdman_(film_score)" class="mw-redirect" title="Birdman (film score)">Birdman</a> – <a href="/wiki/Antonio_S%C3%A1nchez_(drummer)" title="Antonio Sánchez (drummer)">Antonio Sánchez</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_Force_Awakens_(soundtrack)" title="Star Wars: The Force Awakens (soundtrack)">Star Wars: The Force Awakens</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_La_Land_(soundtrack)" title="La La Land (soundtrack)">La La Land</a> – <a href="/wiki/Justin_Hurwitz" title="Justin Hurwitz">Justin Hurwitz</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Panther_(soundtrack)" title="Black Panther (soundtrack)">Black Panther</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_G%C3%B6ransson" title="Ludwig Göransson">Ludwig Göransson</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernobyl:_Music_from_the_Original_TV_Series" title="Chernobyl: Music from the Original TV Series">Chernobyl</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hildur_Gu%C3%B0nad%C3%B3ttir" title="Hildur Guðnadóttir">Hildur Guðnadóttir</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joker_(soundtrack)" title="Joker (soundtrack)">Joker</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hildur_Gu%C3%B0nad%C3%B3ttir" title="Hildur Guðnadóttir">Hildur Guðnadóttir</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Queen%27s_Gambit:_Music_from_the_Netflix_Limited_Series" class="mw-redirect" title="The Queen's Gambit: Music from the Netflix Limited Series">The Queen's Gambit</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Rafael_Rivera" title="Carlos Rafael Rivera">Carlos Rafael Rivera</a> / <a href="/wiki/Soul_(soundtrack)" title="Soul (soundtrack)">Soul</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jon_Batiste" title="Jon Batiste">Jon Batiste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trent_Reznor" title="Trent Reznor">Trent Reznor</a> & <a href="/wiki/Atticus_Ross" title="Atticus Ross">Atticus Ross</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encanto_(soundtrack)" title="Encanto (soundtrack)">Encanto</a> – <a href="/wiki/Germaine_Franco" title="Germaine Franco">Germaine Franco</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oppenheimer_(soundtrack)" title="Oppenheimer (soundtrack)">Oppenheimer</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_G%C3%B6ransson" title="Ludwig Göransson">Ludwig Göransson</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Houston_Film_Critics_Society_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Houston_Film_Critics_Society_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Template:Houston Film Critics Society Award for Best Original Score"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Houston_Film_Critics_Society_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Template talk:Houston Film Critics Society Award for Best Original Score"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Houston_Film_Critics_Society_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Houston Film Critics Society Award for Best Original Score"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Houston_Film_Critics_Society_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Houston_Film_Critics_Society_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Houston Film Critics Society Award for Best Original Score">Houston Film Critics Society Award for Best Original Score</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dario_Marianelli" title="Dario Marianelli">Dario Marianelli</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terence_Blanchard" title="Terence Blanchard">Terence Blanchard</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Giacchino" title="Michael Giacchino">Michael Giacchino</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Zimmer" title="Hans Zimmer">Hans Zimmer</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludovic_Bource" title="Ludovic Bource">Ludovic Bource</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhold_Heil" title="Reinhold Heil">Reinhold Heil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Klimek" title="Johnny Klimek">Johnny Klimek</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tom_Tykwer" title="Tom Tykwer">Tom Tykwer</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Price_(composer)" title="Steven Price (composer)">Steven Price</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a> (2014)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Hurwitz" title="Justin Hurwitz">Justin Hurwitz</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Britell" title="Nicholas Britell">Nicholas Britell</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Newman" title="Thomas Newman">Thomas Newman</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Batiste" title="Jon Batiste">Jon Batiste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trent_Reznor" title="Trent Reznor">Trent Reznor</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Atticus_Ross" title="Atticus Ross">Atticus Ross</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonny_Greenwood" title="Jonny Greenwood">Jonny Greenwood</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hans_Zimmer" title="Hans Zimmer">Hans Zimmer</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a> (2022)</li></ul> 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href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nastro_d%27Argento_Best_Score" title="Template talk:Nastro d'Argento Best Score"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nastro_d%27Argento_Best_Score" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nastro d'Argento Best Score"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nastro_d&#039;Argento_Award_for_Best_Score" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Nastro_d%27Argento_for_Best_Score" title="Nastro d'Argento for Best Score">Nastro d'Argento Award for Best Score</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;width:1%">1947–1960</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renzo_Rossellini_(composer)" title="Renzo Rossellini (composer)">Renzo Rossellini</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renzo_Rossellini_(composer)" title="Renzo Rossellini (composer)">Renzo Rossellini</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Cicognini" title="Alessandro Cicognini">Alessandro Cicognini</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Vlad" title="Roman Vlad">Roman Vlad</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Fusco" title="Giovanni Fusco">Giovanni Fusco</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Nascimbene" title="Mario Nascimbene">Mario Nascimbene</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentino_Bucchi" title="Valentino Bucchi">Valentino Bucchi</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Zafred" title="Mario Zafred">Mario Zafred</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Francesco_Lavagnino" title="Angelo Francesco Lavagnino">Angelo Francesco Lavagnino</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Francesco_Lavagnino" title="Angelo Francesco Lavagnino">Angelo Francesco Lavagnino</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nino_Rota" title="Nino Rota">Nino Rota</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nino_Rota" title="Nino Rota">Nino Rota</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Rustichelli" title="Carlo Rustichelli">Carlo Rustichelli</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Nascimbene" title="Mario Nascimbene">Mario Nascimbene</a> (1960)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;width:1%">1961–1980</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Fusco" title="Giovanni Fusco">Giovanni Fusco</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Gaslini" title="Giorgio Gaslini">Giorgio Gaslini</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piero_Piccioni" title="Piero Piccioni">Piero Piccioni</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nino_Rota" title="Nino Rota">Nino Rota</a> (1964)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armando_Trovajoli" title="Armando Trovajoli">Armando Trovajoli</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Rustichelli" title="Carlo Rustichelli">Carlo Rustichelli</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Nascimbene" title="Mario Nascimbene">Mario Nascimbene</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nino_Rota" title="Nino Rota">Nino Rota</a> (1969)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stelvio_Cipriani" title="Stelvio Cipriani">Stelvio Cipriani</a> (1971)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guido_%26_Maurizio_De_Angelis" title="Guido & Maurizio De Angelis">Guido De Angelis and Maurizio De Angelis</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Renis" title="Tony Renis">Tony Renis</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giancarlo_Chiaramello" title="Giancarlo Chiaramello">Giancarlo Chiaramello</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adriano_Celentano" title="Adriano Celentano">Adriano Celentano</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Bongusto" title="Fred Bongusto">Fred Bongusto</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armando_Trovajoli" title="Armando Trovajoli">Armando Trovajoli</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nino_Rota" title="Nino Rota">Nino Rota</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Bongusto" title="Fred Bongusto">Fred Bongusto</a> (1980)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;width:1%">1981–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Riz_Ortolani" title="Riz Ortolani">Riz Ortolani</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucio_Dalla" title="Lucio Dalla">Lucio Dalla</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabio_Liberatori&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fabio Liberatori (page does not exist)">Fabio Liberatori</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Branduardi" title="Angelo Branduardi">Angelo Branduardi</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riz_Ortolani" title="Riz Ortolani">Riz Ortolani</a> (1984)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Esposito_(musician)" title="Tony Esposito (musician)">Tony Esposito</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armando_Trovajoli" title="Armando Trovajoli">Armando Trovajoli</a> / <a href="/wiki/Riz_Ortolani" title="Riz Ortolani">Riz Ortolani</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Giovanni_Nuti_(composer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giovanni Nuti (composer) (page does not exist)">Giovanni Nuti</a> (1987)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenio_Bennato" title="Eugenio Bennato">Eugenio Bennato</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_D%27Angi%C3%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carlo D'Angiò (page does not exist)">Carlo D'Angiò</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudio_Mattone" title="Claudio Mattone">Claudio Mattone</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Piovani" title="Nicola Piovani">Nicola Piovani</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pino_Daniele" title="Pino Daniele">Pino Daniele</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_De_Sica" title="Manuel De Sica">Manuel De Sica</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_De_Robertis" title="Federico De Robertis">Federico De Robertis</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Bacalov" title="Luis Bacalov">Luis Enríquez Bacalov</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucio_Dalla" title="Lucio Dalla">Lucio Dalla</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Conte" title="Paolo Conte">Paolo Conte</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nino_D%27Angelo" title="Nino D'Angelo">Nino D'Angelo</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenio_Bennato" title="Eugenio Bennato">Eugenio Bennato</a> (1999)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edoardo_Bennato" title="Edoardo Bennato">Edoardo Bennato</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Piovani" title="Nicola Piovani">Nicola Piovani</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Fresu" title="Paolo Fresu">Paolo Fresu</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banda_Osiris" title="Banda Osiris">Banda Osiris</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negramaro" title="Negramaro">Negramaro</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roy_Paci" title="Roy Paci">Roy Paci</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabio_Barovero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fabio Barovero (page does not exist)">Fabio Barovero</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simone_Fabbroni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simone Fabbroni (page does not exist)">Simone Fabbroni</a> / <a href="/wiki/Louis_Siciliano" title="Louis Siciliano">Louis Siciliano</a> (2006)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Buonvino" title="Paolo Buonvino">Paolo Buonvino</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Buonvino" title="Paolo Buonvino">Paolo Buonvino</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita_Marcotulli" title="Rita Marcotulli">Rita Marcotulli</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negramaro" title="Negramaro">Negramaro</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_Piersanti" title="Franco Piersanti">Franco Piersanti</a> (2012)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pivio_and_Aldo_De_Scalzi" title="Pivio and Aldo De Scalzi">Pivio and Aldo De Scalzi</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Piovani" title="Nicola Piovani">Nicola Piovani</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Virz%C3%AC" title="Carlo Virzì">Carlo Virzì</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enzo_Avitabile" title="Enzo Avitabile">Enzo Avitabile</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pivio_and_Aldo_De_Scalzi" title="Pivio and Aldo De Scalzi">Pivio and Aldo De Scalzi</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Piovani" title="Nicola Piovani">Nicola Piovani</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Laureates_of_the_Polar_Music_Prize" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#d3d3d3;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Polar_Music_Prize" title="Template:Polar Music Prize"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Polar_Music_Prize" title="Template talk:Polar Music Prize"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Polar_Music_Prize" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Polar Music Prize"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Laureates_of_the_Polar_Music_Prize" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Laureates of the <a href="/wiki/Polar_Music_Prize" title="Polar Music Prize">Polar Music Prize</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d3d3d3;;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a> / the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_states" title="Baltic states">Baltic states</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dizzy_Gillespie" title="Dizzy Gillespie">Dizzy Gillespie</a> / <a href="/wiki/Witold_Lutos%C5%82awski" title="Witold Lutosławski">Witold Lutosławski</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quincy_Jones" title="Quincy Jones">Quincy Jones</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Harnoncourt" title="Nikolaus Harnoncourt">Nikolaus Harnoncourt</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elton_John" title="Elton John">Elton John</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mstislav_Rostropovich" title="Mstislav Rostropovich">Mstislav Rostropovich</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joni_Mitchell" title="Joni Mitchell">Joni Mitchell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Boulez" title="Pierre Boulez">Pierre Boulez</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Springsteen" title="Bruce Springsteen">Bruce Springsteen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eric_Ericson" title="Eric Ericson">Eric Ericson</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Charles" title="Ray Charles">Ray Charles</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ravi_Shankar" title="Ravi Shankar">Ravi Shankar</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stevie_Wonder" title="Stevie Wonder">Stevie Wonder</a> / <a href="/wiki/Iannis_Xenakis" title="Iannis Xenakis">Iannis Xenakis</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d3d3d3;;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Stern" title="Isaac Stern">Isaac Stern</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burt_Bacharach" title="Burt Bacharach">Burt Bacharach</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Moog" title="Robert Moog">Robert Moog</a> / <a href="/wiki/Karlheinz_Stockhausen" title="Karlheinz Stockhausen">Karlheinz Stockhausen</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miriam_Makeba" title="Miriam Makeba">Miriam Makeba</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sofia_Gubaidulina" title="Sofia Gubaidulina">Sofia Gubaidulina</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Jarrett" title="Keith Jarrett">Keith Jarrett</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/B.B._King" class="mw-redirect" title="B.B. King">B.B. King</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Ligeti" title="György Ligeti">György Ligeti</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilberto_Gil" title="Gilberto Gil">Gilberto Gil</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dietrich_Fischer-Dieskau" title="Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau">Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Led_Zeppelin" title="Led Zeppelin">Led Zeppelin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Valery_Gergiev" title="Valery Gergiev">Valery Gergiev</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Rollins" title="Sonny Rollins">Sonny Rollins</a> / <a href="/wiki/Steve_Reich" title="Steve Reich">Steve Reich</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pink_Floyd" title="Pink Floyd">Pink Floyd</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9e_Fleming" title="Renée Fleming">Renée Fleming</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Gabriel" title="Peter Gabriel">Peter Gabriel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Antonio_Abreu" title="José Antonio Abreu">José Antonio Abreu</a> / <a href="/wiki/El_Sistema" title="El Sistema">El Sistema</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d3d3d3;;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rk" title="Björk">Björk</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kronos_Quartet" title="Kronos Quartet">Kronos Quartet</a> / <a href="/wiki/Patti_Smith" title="Patti Smith">Patti Smith</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Simon" title="Paul Simon">Paul Simon</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yo-Yo_Ma" title="Yo-Yo Ma">Yo-Yo Ma</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youssou_N%27Dour" title="Youssou N'Dour">Youssou N'Dour</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kaija_Saariaho" title="Kaija Saariaho">Kaija Saariaho</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Berry" title="Chuck Berry">Chuck Berry</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Sellars" title="Peter Sellars">Peter Sellars</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmylou_Harris" title="Emmylou Harris">Emmylou Harris</a> / <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Glennie" title="Evelyn Glennie">Evelyn Glennie</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Martin" title="Max Martin">Max Martin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cecilia_Bartoli" title="Cecilia Bartoli">Cecilia Bartoli</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sting_(musician)" title="Sting (musician)">Sting</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wayne_Shorter" title="Wayne Shorter">Wayne Shorter</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metallica" title="Metallica">Metallica</a> / <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan_National_Institute_of_Music" title="Afghanistan National Institute of Music">Afghanistan National Institute of Music</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grandmaster_Flash" title="Grandmaster Flash">Grandmaster Flash</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anne-Sophie_Mutter" title="Anne-Sophie Mutter">Anne-Sophie Mutter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Playing_for_Change" title="Playing for Change">Playing for Change</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d3d3d3;;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Netrebko" title="Anna Netrebko">Anna Netrebko</a> / <a href="/wiki/Diane_Warren" title="Diane Warren">Diane Warren</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iggy_Pop" title="Iggy Pop">Iggy Pop</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ensemble_intercontemporain" title="Ensemble intercontemporain">Ensemble intercontemporain</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Blackwell" title="Chris Blackwell">Chris Blackwell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ang%C3%A9lique_Kidjo" title="Angélique Kidjo">Angélique Kidjo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Arvo_P%C3%A4rt" title="Arvo Pärt">Arvo Pärt</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nile_Rodgers" title="Nile Rodgers">Nile Rodgers</a> / <a href="/wiki/Esa-Pekka_Salonen" title="Esa-Pekka Salonen">Esa-Pekka Salonen</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Laureates_of_the_Prince_or_Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_the_Arts" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#99d6ff;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_the_Arts" title="Template:Princess of Asturias Award for the Arts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_the_Arts" title="Template talk:Princess of Asturias Award for the Arts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_the_Arts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Princess of Asturias Award for the Arts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Laureates_of_the_Prince_or_Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_the_Arts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Laureates of the <a href="/wiki/Princess_of_Asturias_Awards" title="Princess of Asturias Awards">Prince or Princess of Asturias Award</a> for the Arts</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#addeff;"><div id="Prince_of_Asturias_Award_for_the_Arts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Prince of Asturias Award for the Arts</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1981: <a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_L%C3%B3pez_Cobos" title="Jesús López Cobos">Jesús López Cobos</a></li> <li>1982: <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Serrano" title="Pablo Serrano">Pablo Serrano</a></li> <li>1983: <a href="/wiki/Eusebio_Sempere" title="Eusebio Sempere">Eusebio Sempere</a></li> <li>1984: <a href="/wiki/Orfe%C3%B3n_Donostiarra" title="Orfeón Donostiarra">Orfeón Donostiarra</a></li> <li>1985: <a href="/wiki/Antonio_L%C3%B3pez_Garc%C3%ADa" title="Antonio López García">Antonio López García</a></li> <li>1986: <a href="/wiki/Luis_Garc%C3%ADa_Berlanga" title="Luis García Berlanga">Luis García Berlanga</a></li> <li>1987: <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Chillida" title="Eduardo Chillida">Eduardo Chillida</a></li> <li>1988: <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Oteiza" title="Jorge Oteiza">Jorge Oteiza</a></li> <li>1989: <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Niemeyer" title="Oscar Niemeyer">Oscar Niemeyer</a></li> <li>1990: <a href="/wiki/Antoni_T%C3%A0pies" title="Antoni Tàpies">Antoni Tàpies</a></li> <li>1991: <a href="/wiki/Victoria_de_los_%C3%81ngeles" title="Victoria de los Ángeles">Victoria de los Ángeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Teresa_Berganza" title="Teresa Berganza">Teresa Berganza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montserrat_Caball%C3%A9" title="Montserrat Caballé">Montserrat Caballé</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Carreras" title="José Carreras">José Carreras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pilar_Lorengar" title="Pilar Lorengar">Pilar Lorengar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Kraus" title="Alfredo Kraus">Alfredo Kraus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pl%C3%A1cido_Domingo" title="Plácido Domingo">Plácido Domingo</a></li> <li>1992: <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Matta" title="Roberto Matta">Roberto Matta</a></li> <li>1993: <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Javier_S%C3%A1enz_de_Oiza" title="Francisco Javier Sáenz de Oiza">Francisco Javier Sáenz de Oiza</a></li> <li>1994: <a href="/wiki/Alicia_de_Larrocha" title="Alicia de Larrocha">Alicia de Larrocha</a></li> <li>1995: <a href="/wiki/Fernando_Fern%C3%A1n_G%C3%B3mez" title="Fernando Fernán Gómez">Fernando Fernán Gómez</a></li> <li>1996: <a href="/wiki/Joaqu%C3%ADn_Rodrigo" title="Joaquín Rodrigo">Joaquín Rodrigo</a></li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Gassman" title="Vittorio Gassman">Vittorio Gassman</a></li> <li>1998: <a href="/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A3o_Salgado" title="Sebastião Salgado">Sebastião Salgado</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/Santiago_Calatrava" title="Santiago Calatrava">Santiago Calatrava</a></li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Hendricks" title="Barbara Hendricks">Barbara Hendricks</a></li> <li>2001: <a href="/wiki/Krzysztof_Penderecki" title="Krzysztof Penderecki">Krzysztof Penderecki</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a></li> <li>2003: <a href="/wiki/Miquel_Barcel%C3%B3" title="Miquel Barceló">Miquel Barceló</a></li> <li>2004: <a href="/wiki/Paco_de_Luc%C3%ADa" title="Paco de Lucía">Paco de Lucía</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/Maya_Plisetskaya" title="Maya Plisetskaya">Maya Plisetskaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tamara_Rojo" title="Tamara Rojo">Tamara Rojo</a></li> <li>2006: <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Almod%C3%B3var" title="Pedro Almodóvar">Pedro Almodóvar</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a></li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/El_Sistema" title="El Sistema">Sistema de Orquesta Juvenil e Infantil de Venezuela</a></li> <li>2009: <a href="/wiki/Norman_Foster,_Baron_Foster_of_Thames_Bank" title="Norman Foster, Baron Foster of Thames Bank">Norman Foster</a></li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Serra" title="Richard Serra">Richard Serra</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Muti" title="Riccardo Muti">Riccardo Muti</a></li> <li>2012: <a href="/wiki/Rafael_Moneo" title="Rafael Moneo">Rafael Moneo</a></li> <li>2013: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Haneke" title="Michael Haneke">Michael Haneke</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/Frank_Gehry" title="Frank Gehry">Frank Gehry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#addeff;"><div id="Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_the_Arts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Princess of Asturias Award for the Arts</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2015: <a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/N%C3%BAria_Espert" title="Núria Espert">Núria Espert</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/William_Kentridge" title="William Kentridge">William Kentridge</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a></li> <li>2019: <a href="/wiki/Peter_Brook" title="Peter Brook">Peter Brook</a></li> <li>2020: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ennio Morricone</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a></li> <li>2021: <a href="/wiki/Marina_Abramovi%C4%87" title="Marina Abramović">Marina Abramović</a></li> <li>2022: <a href="/wiki/Carmen_Linares" title="Carmen Linares">Carmen Linares</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Pag%C3%A9s" title="María Pagés">María Pagés</a></li> <li>2023: <a href="/wiki/Meryl_Streep" title="Meryl Streep">Meryl Streep</a></li> <li>2024: <a href="/wiki/Joan_Manuel_Serrat" title="Joan Manuel Serrat">Joan Manuel Serrat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/19px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/29px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/38px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:The_arts" title="Portal:The arts">The arts</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Audio_a.svg/21px-Audio_a.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Audio_a.svg/32px-Audio_a.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Audio_a.svg/42px-Audio_a.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="460" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Classical_music" title="Portal:Classical music">Classical music</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/19px-Video-x-generic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/29px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/38px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Film" title="Portal:Film">Film</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Blank_television_set.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Blank_television_set.svg/21px-Blank_television_set.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Blank_television_set.svg/32px-Blank_television_set.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Blank_television_set.svg/42px-Blank_television_set.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="92" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Television" title="Portal:Television">Television</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/21px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/32px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/42px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Italy" title="Portal:Italy">Italy</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Saxo_Boca1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Saxo_Boca1.JPG/18px-Saxo_Boca1.JPG" decoding="async" width="18" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Saxo_Boca1.JPG/28px-Saxo_Boca1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Saxo_Boca1.JPG/36px-Saxo_Boca1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="219" data-file-height="230" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Jazz" title="Portal:Jazz">Jazz</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/7px-GClef.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/10px-GClef.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/14px-GClef.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="41" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Music" title="Portal:Music">Music</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23848#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23848#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23848#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000368638409">ISNI</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000368638417">2</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121225602">3</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/17408291">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/64940/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJcKKXk6XBmqqbbGMtgkDq">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119011328">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80158240">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13897728t">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13897728t">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00924752">Japan</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV005318">Italy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35230098">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0002135&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX4578445">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070492840">Netherlands</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90855017">Norway</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000047811&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000069578&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000928524">Chile</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external 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href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA07879989?l=en">CiNii</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/a16e47f5-aa54-47fe-87e4-bb8af91a9fdd">MusicBrainz</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://brahms.ircam.fr/ennio-morricone">BRAHMS</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grammy.com/artists/ennio-morricone/13411">Grammy Awards</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/874113">Trove</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd119011328.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/119011328">DDB</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/077447115">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w61p1qp2">SNAC</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/people/30072475">RISM</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&oldid=1259304546">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ennio_Morricone&oldid=1259304546</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ennio_Morricone" title="Category:Ennio Morricone">Ennio Morricone</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1928_births" title="Category:1928 births">1928 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2020_deaths" title="Category:2020 deaths">2020 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_Italian_classical_composers" title="Category:20th-century Italian classical composers">20th-century Italian classical composers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_Italian_composers" title="Category:20th-century Italian composers">20th-century Italian composers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_Italian_conductors_(music)" title="Category:20th-century Italian conductors (music)">20th-century Italian conductors (music)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_Italian_male_musicians" title="Category:20th-century Italian male musicians">20th-century Italian male musicians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_Italian_classical_composers" title="Category:21st-century Italian classical composers">21st-century Italian classical composers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_Italian_conductors_(music)" title="Category:21st-century Italian conductors (music)">21st-century Italian conductors (music)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_Italian_male_musicians" title="Category:21st-century Italian male musicians">21st-century Italian male musicians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Academy_Honorary_Award_recipients" title="Category:Academy Honorary Award 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