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id="toc-Solferino,_Henry_Dunant_and_the_foundation_of_the_ICRC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Solferino,_Henry_Dunant_and_the_foundation_of_the_ICRC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Solferino, Henry Dunant and the foundation of the ICRC</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Solferino,_Henry_Dunant_and_the_foundation_of_the_ICRC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_I" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_I"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>World War I</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_I-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chaco_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chaco_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Chaco War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chaco_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rest_of_the_20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rest_of_the_20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Rest of the 20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rest_of_the_20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Holocaust_memorial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Holocaust_memorial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>The Holocaust memorial</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Holocaust_memorial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rules_for_cyberwarfare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rules_for_cyberwarfare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Rules for cyberwarfare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rules_for_cyberwarfare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Staff_fatalities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Staff_fatalities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Staff fatalities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Staff_fatalities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Characteristics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Characteristics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Characteristics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Characteristics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Characteristics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Characteristics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mission" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mission"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Mission</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mission-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legal_status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Legal status</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legal_status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legal_basis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_basis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Legal basis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legal_basis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Funding_and_financial_matters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funding_and_financial_matters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Funding and financial matters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funding_and_financial_matters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Responsibilities_within_the_movement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Responsibilities_within_the_movement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Responsibilities within the movement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Responsibilities_within_the_movement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Organization</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organization-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Organization subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Directorate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Directorate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Directorate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Directorate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Assembly" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assembly"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Assembly</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assembly-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Assembly_Council" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assembly_Council"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Assembly Council</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assembly_Council-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_President" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_President"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2</span> <span>The President</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_President-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Staff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Staff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Staff</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Staff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_ICRC_worldwide" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_ICRC_worldwide"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>The ICRC worldwide</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_ICRC_worldwide-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relationships_within_the_movement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relationships_within_the_movement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Relationships within the movement</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Relationships_within_the_movement-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Relationships within the movement subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Relationships_within_the_movement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Acceptance_of_Magen_David_Adom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acceptance_of_Magen_David_Adom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Acceptance of Magen David Adom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acceptance_of_Magen_David_Adom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_relationships" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_relationships"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>International relationships</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_relationships-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-People_who_have_worked_for_the_ICRC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#People_who_have_worked_for_the_ICRC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>People who have worked for the ICRC</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-People_who_have_worked_for_the_ICRC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Bibliography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Books</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Articles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Articles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">International Committee of the Red Cross</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 71 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-71" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">71 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D1%80_%D2%9E%D0%B0%D4%A5%D1%88%D1%8C_%D0%96%D3%99%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B6%D1%8C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8_%D0%90%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Аџьар Ҟаԥшь Жәларбжьаратәи Аилак – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Аџьар Ҟаԥшь Жәларбжьаратәи Аилак" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B1" title="اللجنة الدولية للصليب الأحمر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللجنة الدولية للصليب الأحمر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comit%C3%A2t_ent%C3%A8rnacion%C3%A2l_de_la_Crou%C3%A8x-Roge" title="Comitât entèrnacionâl de la Crouèx-Roge – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Comitât entèrnacionâl de la Crouèx-Roge" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyn%C9%99lxalq_Q%C4%B1rm%C4%B1z%C4%B1_Xa%C3%A7_Komit%C9%99si" title="Beynəlxalq Qırmızı Xaç Komitəsi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Beynəlxalq Qırmızı Xaç Komitəsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%B5%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A8_%DA%A9%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="میلتلرآراسی قیزیل صلیب کمیته‌سی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="میلتلرآراسی قیزیل صلیب کمیته‌سی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A1_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF" title="আন্তর্জাতিক রেড ক্রস কমিটি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আন্তর্জাতিক রেড ক্রস কমিটি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%82ng-si%CC%8Dp-j%C4%AB_Kok-ch%C3%A8_%C3%9Ai-o%C3%A2n-h%C5%8De" title="Âng-si̍p-jī Kok-chè Úi-oân-hōe – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Âng-si̍p-jī Kok-chè Úi-oân-hōe" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82_%D0%A7%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B6%D0%B0" title="Міжнародны камітэт Чырвонага Крыжа – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Міжнародны камітэт Чырвонага Крыжа" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82_%D0%A7%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B6%D0%B0" title="Міжнародны камітэт Чырвонага Крыжа – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Міжнародны камітэт Чырвонага Крыжа" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82" title="Международен комитет на Червения кръст – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Международен комитет на Червения кръст" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comit%C3%A8_Internacional_de_la_Creu_Roja" title="Comitè Internacional de la Creu Roja – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Comitè Internacional de la Creu Roja" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pwyllgor_Rhyngwladol_y_Groes_Goch" title="Pwyllgor Rhyngwladol y Groes Goch – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Pwyllgor Rhyngwladol y Groes Goch" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_Internationale_R%C3%B8de_Kors_Komit%C3%A9" title="Den Internationale Røde Kors Komité – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Den Internationale Røde Kors Komité" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationales_Komitee_vom_Roten_Kreuz" title="Internationales Komitee vom Roten Kreuz – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Internationales Komitee vom Roten Kreuz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahvusvaheline_Punase_Risti_Komitee" title="Rahvusvaheline Punase Risti Komitee – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rahvusvaheline Punase Risti Komitee" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comit%C3%A9_Internacional_de_la_Cruz_Roja" title="Comité Internacional de la Cruz Roja – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Comité Internacional de la Cruz Roja" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internacia_Komitato_de_la_Ru%C4%9Da_Kruco" title="Internacia Komitato de la Ruĝa Kruco – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Internacia Komitato de la Ruĝa Kruco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurutze_Gorriaren_Nazioarteko_Batzordea" title="Gurutze Gorriaren Nazioarteko Batzordea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gurutze Gorriaren Nazioarteko Batzordea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%B5%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%AE" title="کمیته بین‌المللی صلیب سرخ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کمیته بین‌المللی صلیب سرخ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comit%C3%A9_international_de_la_Croix-Rouge" title="Comité international de la Croix-Rouge – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Comité international de la Croix-Rouge" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ynternasjonale_Reade_Kr%C3%BAs" title="Ynternasjonale Reade Krús – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ynternasjonale Reade Krús" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%EC%A0%81%EC%8B%AD%EC%9E%90_%EC%9C%84%EC%9B%90%ED%9A%8C" title="국제 적십자 위원회 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="국제 적십자 위원회" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kungiyar_Agaji_Ta_Red_Cross_Ta_Duniya" title="Kungiyar Agaji Ta Red Cross Ta Duniya – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kungiyar Agaji Ta Red Cross Ta Duniya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%AB%D6%80_%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%B9%D5%AB_%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%BB%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A5" title="Կարմիր խաչի միջազգային կոմիտե – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կարմիր խաչի միջազգային կոմիտե" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_odbor_Crvenog_kri%C5%BEa" title="Međunarodni odbor Crvenog križa – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Međunarodni odbor Crvenog križa" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internaciona_Komitato_di_la_Reda_Kruco_en_Gen%C3%A8ve" title="Internaciona Komitato di la Reda Kruco en Genève – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Internaciona Komitato di la Reda Kruco en Genève" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komite_Internasional_Palang_Merah" title="Komite Internasional Palang Merah – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Komite Internasional Palang Merah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C3%BEj%C3%B3%C3%B0ar%C3%A1%C3%B0_Rau%C3%B0a_krossins_og_Rau%C3%B0a_h%C3%A1lfm%C3%A1nans" title="Alþjóðaráð Rauða krossins og Rauða hálfmánans – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Alþjóðaráð Rauða krossins og Rauða hálfmánans" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comitato_internazionale_della_Croce_Rossa" title="Comitato internazionale della Croce Rossa – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Comitato internazionale della Croce Rossa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%93_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9F-%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%9C%D7%91_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9D" title="הוועד הבין-לאומי של הצלב האדום – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הוועד הבין-לאומי של הצלב האדום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kama%C5%8Ba%C9%A3_k%C9%A9s%C9%9B%C9%9Bma%C9%A3_%C5%8Bgb%C9%9By%C9%9B" title="Kamaŋaɣ kɩsɛɛmaɣ ŋgbɛyɛ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kamaŋaɣ kɩsɛɛmaɣ ŋgbɛyɛ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A5%E0%B3%86" title="ಅಂತರರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ರೆಡ್ ಕ್ರಾಸ್ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಂತರರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ರೆಡ್ ಕ್ರಾಸ್ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Къызыл Къачны халкъла арасы комитети – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Къызыл Къачны халкъла арасы комитети" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%AF%E1%83%95%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="წითელი ჯვრის საერთაშორისო კომიტეტი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="წითელი ჯვრის საერთაშორისო კომიტეტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamati_ya_Kimataifa_ya_Msalaba_Mwekundu" title="Kamati ya Kimataifa ya Msalaba Mwekundu – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kamati ya Kimataifa ya Msalaba Mwekundu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xa%C3%A7a_Sor" title="Xaça Sor – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Xaça Sor" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%9A%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Эл аралык Кызыл Крест Комитети – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Эл аралык Кызыл Крест Комитети" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comitat_internazion%C3%A8l_de_la_Crousc_Ch%C3%A9cena" title="Comitat internazionèl de la Crousc Chécena – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Comitat internazionèl de la Crousc Chécena" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starptautisk%C4%81_Sarkan%C4%81_Krusta_komiteja" title="Starptautiskā Sarkanā Krusta komiteja – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Starptautiskā Sarkanā Krusta komiteja" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemzetk%C3%B6zi_V%C3%B6r%C3%B6skereszt" title="Nemzetközi Vöröskereszt – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nemzetközi Vöröskereszt" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%93%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A6%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82" title="Меѓународен комитет на Црвениот крст – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Меѓународен комитет на Црвениот крст" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B1_(ICRC)" title="اللجنه الدوليه للصليب الاحمر (ICRC) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اللجنه الدوليه للصليب الاحمر (ICRC)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawatankuasa_Antarabangsa_Palang_Merah" title="Jawatankuasa Antarabangsa Palang Merah – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Jawatankuasa Antarabangsa Palang Merah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comit%C3%A9_Anternacional_de_la_Cru%C3%A7_Burmeilha" title="Comité Anternacional de la Cruç Burmeilha – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Comité Anternacional de la Cruç Burmeilha" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%86%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AC_%E1%80%80%E1%80%BC%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%81%E1%80%BC%E1%80%B1%E1%80%94%E1%80%AE_%E1%80%80%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%90%E1%80%AE" title="အပြည်ပြည်ဆိုင်ရာ ကြက်ခြေနီ ကော်မတီ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အပြည်ပြည်ဆိုင်ရာ ကြက်ခြေနီ ကော်မတီ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationaal_Comit%C3%A9_van_het_Rode_Kruis" title="Internationaal Comité van het Rode Kruis – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Internationaal Comité van het Rode Kruis" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E5%8D%81%E5%AD%97%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E4%BC%9A" title="赤十字国際委員会 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="赤十字国際委員会" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_internasjonale_R%C3%B8de_Kors-komiteen" title="Den internasjonale Røde Kors-komiteen – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Den internasjonale Røde Kors-komiteen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%87_%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87_%D9%BC%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D9%87" title="د سره صليب نړيواله ټولنه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د سره صليب نړيواله ټولنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C4%99dzynarodowy_Komitet_Czerwonego_Krzy%C5%BCa" title="Międzynarodowy Komitet Czerwonego Krzyża – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Międzynarodowy Komitet Czerwonego Krzyża" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comit%C3%AA_Internacional_da_Cruz_Vermelha" title="Comitê Internacional da Cruz Vermelha – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Comitê Internacional da Cruz Vermelha" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Международный комитет Красного Креста – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Международный комитет Красного Креста" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8B%D2%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8D%D1%81_%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B0%D2%95%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8D" title="Кыһыл Кириэс аан дойдутааҕы кэмитиэтэ – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Кыһыл Кириэс аан дойдутааҕы кэмитиэтэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komiteti_Nd%C3%ABrkomb%C3%ABtar_i_Kryqit_t%C3%AB_Kuq" title="Komiteti Ndërkombëtar i Kryqit të Kuq – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Komiteti Ndërkombëtar i Kryqit të Kuq" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross" title="International Committee of the Red Cross – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="International Committee of the Red Cross" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A_%D8%B1%D9%8A%DA%8A%DA%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3_%DA%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%BD%D9%8A" title="عالمي ريڊڪراس ڪاميٽي – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="عالمي ريڊڪراس ڪاميٽي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%98%D9%86%DB%95%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%8E%D9%88%D9%86%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%88%DB%95%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D8%A7%DA%86%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1" title="لیژنەی نێونەتەوەییی خاچی سوور – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="لیژنەی نێونەتەوەییی خاچی سوور" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%92%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%A6%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Међународни комитет Црвеног крста – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Међународни комитет Црвеног крста" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_odbor_Crvenog_kri%C5%BEa" title="Međunarodni odbor Crvenog križa – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Međunarodni odbor Crvenog križa" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punaisen_Ristin_kansainv%C3%A4linen_komitea" title="Punaisen Ristin kansainvälinen komitea – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Punaisen Ristin kansainvälinen komitea" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationella_R%C3%B6dakorskommitt%C3%A9n" title="Internationella Rödakorskommittén – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Internationella Rödakorskommittén" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%9E%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பன்னாட்டு செஞ்சிலுவைச் சங்கம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பன்னாட்டு செஞ்சிலுவைச் சங்கம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BB_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%87_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Халыкара Кызыл Хач комитеты – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Халыкара Кызыл Хач комитеты" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8" title="คณะกรรมการกาชาดระหว่างประเทศ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คณะกรรมการกาชาดระหว่างประเทศ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%85" title="Кумитаи байналмиллалии Салиби Сурх – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Кумитаи байналмиллалии Салиби Сурх" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_K%C4%B1z%C4%B1lha%C3%A7_Komitesi" title="Uluslararası Kızılhaç Komitesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Uluslararası Kızılhaç Komitesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Міжнародний комітет Червоного Хреста – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Міжнародний комітет Червоного Хреста" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%B9%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D8%B5%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B1" title="عالمی کمیٹی برائے صلیب احمر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عالمی کمیٹی برائے صلیب احمر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BB%A6y_ban_Ch%E1%BB%AF_th%E1%BA%ADp_%C4%91%E1%BB%8F_qu%E1%BB%91c_t%E1%BA%BF" title="Ủy ban Chữ thập đỏ quốc tế – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ủy ban Chữ thập đỏ quốc tế" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E5%8D%81%E5%AD%97%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="红十字国际委员会 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="红十字国际委员会" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&params=46_13_40_N_6_8_14_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">46°13′40″N</span> <span class="longitude">6°8′14″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">46.22778°N 6.13722°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">46.22778; 6.13722</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Humanitarian institution based in Geneva, Switzerland</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"ICRC" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/ICRC_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="ICRC (disambiguation)">ICRC (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">International Committee of the Red Cross</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="nickname" lang="fr"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Comité international de la Croix-Rouge</i></span><br /><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Comité Internacional de la Cruz Roja</i></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_ICRC.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Emblem_of_the_ICRC.svg/180px-Emblem_of_the_ICRC.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Emblem_of_the_ICRC.svg/270px-Emblem_of_the_ICRC.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Emblem_of_the_ICRC.svg/360px-Emblem_of_the_ICRC.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data note">17 February 1863<span class="noprint">; 161 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1863-02-17</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/International_non-governmental_organization" title="International non-governmental organization">International NGO</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Purpose</th><td class="infobox-data">Protecting victims of conflicts and providing them with assistance</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, Switzerland</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&params=46_13_40_N_6_8_14_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">46°13′40″N</span> <span class="longitude">6°8′14″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">46.22778°N 6.13722°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">46.22778; 6.13722</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Region served </div></th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Field</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Humanitarianism" title="Humanitarianism">Humanitarianism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">President</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mirjana_Spoljaric_Egger" title="Mirjana Spoljaric Egger">Mirjana Spoljaric Egger</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Vice President</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gilles_Carbonnier" title="Gilles Carbonnier">Gilles Carbonnier</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Director-General</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Kr%C3%A4henb%C3%BChl" title="Pierre Krähenbühl">Pierre Krähenbühl</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Budget </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Swiss_franc" title="Swiss franc">CHF</a> 1576.7 million (2016)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />203.7 m for headquarters<br />1462.0 m for field operations</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Staff</th><td class="infobox-data">15,448 (average number of ICRC staff in 2016)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Award(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1917, 1944, 1963)</span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icrc.org/">www<wbr />.icrc<wbr />.org</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>International Committee of the Red Cross</b><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<b>ICRC</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Aid_agency" title="Aid agency">humanitarian organization</a> based in <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, Switzerland, and is a three-time <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> laureate. The organization has played an instrumental role in the development of <a href="/wiki/Law_of_war" title="Law of war">rules of war</a> and promoting <a href="/wiki/Humanitarianism" title="Humanitarianism">humanitarian norms</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>State parties (signatories) to the <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Convention" class="mw-redirect" title="Geneva Convention">Geneva Convention</a> of 1949 and its Additional Protocols of 1977 (<a href="/wiki/Protocol_I" title="Protocol I">Protocol I</a>, <a href="/wiki/Protocol_II" title="Protocol II">Protocol II</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Protocol_III" title="Protocol III">2005</a> have given the ICRC a mandate to protect victims of international and internal <a href="/wiki/War" title="War">armed conflicts</a>. Such victims include war wounded persons, <a href="/wiki/Prisoner" title="Prisoner">prisoners</a>, <a href="/wiki/Refugee" title="Refugee">refugees</a>, <a href="/wiki/Civilian" title="Civilian">civilians</a>, and other <a href="/wiki/Non-combatant" title="Non-combatant">non-combatants</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The ICRC is part of the <a href="/wiki/International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement" title="International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement">International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement</a>, along with the <a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies</a> (IFRC) and 191 <a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="List of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">National Societies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the oldest and most honoured organization within the movement and one of the most widely recognized organizations in the world, having won three <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prizes</a> (in 1917, 1944, and 1963).<sup id="cite_ref-NobelFactsorg_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NobelFactsorg-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Solferino,_Henry_Dunant_and_the_foundation_of_the_ICRC"><span id="Solferino.2C_Henry_Dunant_and_the_foundation_of_the_ICRC"></span>Solferino, Henry Dunant and the foundation of the ICRC</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Solferino, Henry Dunant and the foundation of the ICRC"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jean_Henri_Dunant.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Jean_Henri_Dunant.jpg/170px-Jean_Henri_Dunant.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Jean_Henri_Dunant.jpg/255px-Jean_Henri_Dunant.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Jean_Henri_Dunant.jpg/340px-Jean_Henri_Dunant.jpg 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="819" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Henry_Dunant" title="Henry Dunant">Henry Dunant</a>, author of <i><a href="/wiki/A_Memory_of_Solferino" title="A Memory of Solferino">A Memory of Solferino</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p>Up until the middle of the <a href="/wiki/19th_century" title="19th century">19th century</a>, there were no organized and well-established army <a href="/wiki/Nursing" title="Nursing">nursing</a> systems for casualties and no safe and protected institutions to accommodate and treat those who were wounded on the battlefield. In June 1859, the Swiss businessman <a href="/wiki/Henry_Dunant" title="Henry Dunant">Henry Dunant</a> travelled to Italy to meet French emperor <a href="/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoléon III">Napoléon III</a> with the intention of discussing difficulties in conducting business in Algeria, at that time occupied by France. When he arrived in the small <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italian</a> town of <a href="/wiki/Solferino" title="Solferino">Solferino</a> on the evening of 24 June, he witnessed the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Solferino" title="Battle of Solferino">Battle of Solferino</a>, an engagement in the <a href="/wiki/Second_Italian_War_of_Independence" title="Second Italian War of Independence">Second Italian War of Independence</a>. In a single day, about 40,000 soldiers on both sides died or were left wounded on the field. Henry Dunant was shocked by the terrible aftermath of the battle, the suffering of the wounded soldiers, and the near-total lack of medical attendance and basic care. He completely abandoned the original intent of his trip and for several days he devoted himself to helping with the treatment and care for the wounded. He succeeded in organizing an overwhelming level of relief assistance by motivating the local population to aid without discrimination. Back in his home in <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, he decided to write a book titled <i><a href="/wiki/A_Memory_of_Solferino" title="A Memory of Solferino">A Memory of Solferino</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which he published with his own money in 1862. He sent copies of the book to leading political and military figures throughout Europe. In addition to penning a vivid description of his experiences in Solferino in 1859, he explicitly advocated the formation of national voluntary relief organizations to help nurse wounded soldiers in the case of war. In addition, he called for the development of international treaties to guarantee the neutrality and protection of those wounded on the battlefield as well as medics and field hospitals. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Original_Geneva_Conventions.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Original_Geneva_Conventions.jpg/220px-Original_Geneva_Conventions.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Original_Geneva_Conventions.jpg/330px-Original_Geneva_Conventions.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Original_Geneva_Conventions.jpg/440px-Original_Geneva_Conventions.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1882" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Original document of the <a href="/wiki/First_Geneva_Convention" title="First Geneva Convention">first Geneva Convention</a>, 1864</figcaption></figure> <p>On 9 February 1863, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geneva_Society_for_Public_Welfare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geneva Society for Public Welfare (page does not exist)">Geneva Society for Public Welfare</a> held a meeting where it was decided to give serious consideration to the suggestions made in Dunant's book and appointed five of its members to form a Sub-committee charged with the preparation of a Memorandum on these matters for submission to the Welfare Congress to be held in Berlin in September 1863. The members of this Sub-committee, aside from Dunant himself, were <a href="/wiki/Gustave_Moynier" title="Gustave Moynier">Gustave Moynier</a>, lawyer and chairman of the Geneva Society for Public Welfare; physician <a href="/wiki/Louis_Appia" title="Louis Appia">Louis Appia</a>, who had significant experience working as a field surgeon; Appia's friend and colleague <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Maunoir" title="Théodore Maunoir">Théodore Maunoir</a>, from the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geneva_Hygiene_and_Health_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geneva Hygiene and Health Commission (page does not exist)">Geneva Hygiene and Health Commission</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Henri_Dufour" title="Guillaume Henri Dufour">Guillaume-Henri Dufour</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Swiss Army">Swiss Army</a> general of great renown. </p><p>Eight days later, on 17 February 1863, the five men held the first meeting of the Sub-committee and decided the Sub-committee should declare itself constituted a "Permanent International Committee", which would thus continue to exist as an "International Committee for Relief of Wounded in the event of War" after its mandate from the Geneva Society for Public Welfare had expired.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among other activities, the Committee organized an international conference in Geneva in October (26–29) 1863 to develop possible measures to improve medical services on the battlefield. The conference was attended by 36 individuals: eighteen official delegates from national governments, six delegates from other non-governmental organizations, seven non-official foreign delegates, and the five members of the committee. The states and kingdoms represented by official delegates were <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Baden" title="Grand Duchy of Baden">Grand Duchy of Baden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bavaria" title="Kingdom of Bavaria">Kingdom of Bavaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">Second French Empire</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hanover" title="Kingdom of Hanover">Kingdom of Hanover</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Hesse" title="Grand Duchy of Hesse">Grand Duchy of Hesse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands">Kingdom of the Netherlands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Kingdom of Prussia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Saxony" title="Kingdom of Saxony">Kingdom of Saxony</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdoms_of_Sweden_and_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway">United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the proposals written in the final resolutions of the conference, adopted on 29 October 1863, were: </p> <ul><li>The foundation of national relief societies for wounded soldiers;</li> <li>Neutrality and protection for wounded soldiers;</li> <li>The utilization of volunteer forces for relief assistance on the battlefield;</li> <li>The organization of additional conferences to enact these concepts in legally binding international treaties; and</li> <li>The introduction of a common distinctive protection symbol for medical personnel in the field, namely a white armlet bearing a red cross, honouring the history of neutrality of Switzerland and of its own Swiss organizers by reversing the Swiss flag's colours.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rotes_Kreuz_1864.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Rotes_Kreuz_1864.jpg/220px-Rotes_Kreuz_1864.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Rotes_Kreuz_1864.jpg/330px-Rotes_Kreuz_1864.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Rotes_Kreuz_1864.jpg/440px-Rotes_Kreuz_1864.jpg 2x" data-file-width="828" data-file-height="531" /></a><figcaption>The Red Cross in action in 1864</figcaption></figure> <p>Only one year later, the Swiss government invited the governments of all European countries, as well as the United States, Brazil, and Mexico, to attend an official diplomatic conference. Sixteen countries sent a total of twenty-six delegates to Geneva. On 22 August 1864, the conference adopted the first <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conventions" title="Geneva Conventions">Geneva Convention</a> "for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded in Armies in the Field". Representatives of 12 states and kingdoms signed the convention:<sup id="cite_ref-convention_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-convention-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/17px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/26px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/34px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span>  </span><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Swiss Confederation</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_Baden_1862.svg/23px-Flag_of_Baden_1862.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_Baden_1862.svg/35px-Flag_of_Baden_1862.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_Baden_1862.svg/45px-Flag_of_Baden_1862.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="240" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Baden" title="Grand Duchy of Baden">Grand Duchy of Baden</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Royal_ensign_of_Belgium_%281858%29.svg/23px-Royal_ensign_of_Belgium_%281858%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Royal_ensign_of_Belgium_%281858%29.svg/35px-Royal_ensign_of_Belgium_%281858%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Royal_ensign_of_Belgium_%281858%29.svg/45px-Royal_ensign_of_Belgium_%281858%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Kingdom of Belgium</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="yes"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/23px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/35px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/46px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Danish_Realm" title="Danish Realm">Kingdom of Denmark</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Kingdom of Spain</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">French Empire</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Flagge_Gro%C3%9Fherzogtum_Hessen_ohne_Wappen.svg/23px-Flagge_Gro%C3%9Fherzogtum_Hessen_ohne_Wappen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Flagge_Gro%C3%9Fherzogtum_Hessen_ohne_Wappen.svg/35px-Flagge_Gro%C3%9Fherzogtum_Hessen_ohne_Wappen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Flagge_Gro%C3%9Fherzogtum_Hessen_ohne_Wappen.svg/46px-Flagge_Gro%C3%9Fherzogtum_Hessen_ohne_Wappen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Hesse" title="Grand Duchy of Hesse">Grand Duchy of Hesse</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands">Kingdom of the Netherlands</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_Portugal_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_Portugal_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_Portugal_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Portugal" title="Kingdom of Portugal">Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281803-1892%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281803-1892%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281803-1892%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281803-1892%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281803-1892%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281803-1892%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Kingdom of Prussia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg/23px-Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg/35px-Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg/46px-Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Kingdom of Württemberg">Kingdom of Württemberg</a></li></ul> </div> <p>The convention contained ten articles, establishing for the first time legally binding rules guaranteeing neutrality and protection for wounded soldiers, field medical personnel, and specific humanitarian institutions in an armed conflict. Furthermore, the convention defined two specific requirements for recognition of a national relief society by the International Committee: </p> <ul><li>The national society must be recognized by its own national government as a relief society according to the convention, and</li> <li>The national government of the respective country must be a state party to the Geneva Convention.</li></ul> <p>Directly following the establishment of the Geneva Convention, the first national societies were founded in Belgium, Denmark, France, <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Oldenburg" title="Grand Duchy of Oldenburg">Oldenburg</a>, Prussia, Spain, and Württemberg. Also in 1864, Louis Appia and <a href="/wiki/Charles_William_Meredith_van_de_Velde" title="Charles William Meredith van de Velde">Charles van de Velde</a>, a captain of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_Army" title="Royal Netherlands Army">Dutch Army</a>, became the first independent and neutral delegates to work under the symbol of the Red Cross in an armed conflict. Three years later in 1867, the first <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Conference_of_National_Aid_Societies_for_the_Nursing_of_the_War_Wounded&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Conference of National Aid Societies for the Nursing of the War Wounded (page does not exist)">International Conference of National Aid Societies for the Nursing of the War Wounded</a> was convened. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gedenkstein-rotes-kreuz-1864.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Gedenkstein-rotes-kreuz-1864.jpg/170px-Gedenkstein-rotes-kreuz-1864.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Gedenkstein-rotes-kreuz-1864.jpg/255px-Gedenkstein-rotes-kreuz-1864.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Gedenkstein-rotes-kreuz-1864.jpg/340px-Gedenkstein-rotes-kreuz-1864.jpg 2x" data-file-width="492" data-file-height="621" /></a><figcaption>Memorial commemorating the first use of the Red Cross symbol in an armed conflict during the Battle of <a href="/wiki/Dybb%C3%B8l" title="Dybbøl">Dybbøl</a> (Denmark) in 1864; jointly erected in 1989 by the national Red Cross societies of Denmark and <a href="/wiki/German_Red_Cross" title="German Red Cross">Germany</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Also in 1867, Henry Dunant was forced to declare bankruptcy due to business failures in Algeria, partly because he had neglected his business interests during his tireless activities for the International Committee. The controversy surrounding Dunant's business dealings and the resulting negative public opinion, combined with an ongoing conflict with Gustave Moynier, led to Dunant's expulsion from his position as a member and secretary.<sup id="cite_ref-Dromi2020_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dromi2020-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was charged with fraudulent bankruptcy and a warrant for his arrest was issued. Thus, he was forced to leave Geneva and never returned to his home city. </p><p>In the following years, national societies were founded in nearly every country in Europe. The project resonated well with patriotic sentiments that were on the rise in the late-nineteenth-century, and national societies were often encouraged as signifiers of national moral superiority.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1876, the committee adopted the name "International Committee of the Red Cross" (ICRC), which is still its official designation today. Five years later, the <a href="/wiki/American_Red_Cross" title="American Red Cross">American Red Cross</a> was founded through the efforts of <a href="/wiki/Clara_Barton" title="Clara Barton">Clara Barton</a>. More and more countries signed the Geneva Convention and began to respect it in practice during armed conflicts. In a rather short period of time, the Red Cross gained huge momentum as an internationally respected movement, and the national societies became increasingly popular as a venue for volunteer work. </p><p>When the first <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> was awarded in 1901, the <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Nobel_Committee" title="Norwegian Nobel Committee">Norwegian Nobel Committee</a> opted to give it jointly to Henry Dunant and <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Passy" title="Frédéric Passy">Frédéric Passy</a>, a leading international pacifist. More significant than the honour of the prize itself, the official congratulation from the International Committee of the Red Cross marked the overdue rehabilitation of Henry Dunant and represented a tribute to his key role in the formation of the Red Cross. Dunant died nine years later in the small Swiss health resort of <a href="/wiki/Heiden,_Switzerland" title="Heiden, Switzerland">Heiden</a>. Only two months earlier his long-standing adversary Gustave Moynier had also died, leaving a mark in the history of the committee as its longest-serving President ever. </p><p>In 1906, the 1864 Geneva Convention was revised for the first time. One year later, the <a href="/wiki/Hague_Conventions_(1899_and_1907)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hague Conventions (1899 and 1907)">Hague Convention X</a>, adopted at the Second International Peace Conference in <a href="/wiki/The_Hague" title="The Hague">The Hague</a>, extended the scope of the Geneva Convention to naval warfare. Shortly before the beginning of the First World War in 1914, 50 years after the foundation of the ICRC and the adoption of the first Geneva Convention, there were already 45 national relief societies throughout the world. The movement had extended itself beyond Europe and North America to Central and South America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Cuba, Mexico, Peru, El Salvador, Uruguay, Venezuela), Asia (the Republic of China, Japan, Korea, <a href="/wiki/Siam" class="mw-redirect" title="Siam">Siam</a>), and Africa (South Africa). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_I">World War I</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: World War I"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Honneur_%C3%A0_la_Croix-Rouge-1915.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Honneur_%C3%A0_la_Croix-Rouge-1915.JPG/170px-Honneur_%C3%A0_la_Croix-Rouge-1915.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="273" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Honneur_%C3%A0_la_Croix-Rouge-1915.JPG/255px-Honneur_%C3%A0_la_Croix-Rouge-1915.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Honneur_%C3%A0_la_Croix-Rouge-1915.JPG/340px-Honneur_%C3%A0_la_Croix-Rouge-1915.JPG 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="568" /></a><figcaption>French postcard celebrating the role of Red Cross nurses during the First World War, 1915.</figcaption></figure> <p>With the outbreak of <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, the ICRC found itself confronted with enormous challenges which it could only handle by working closely with the national Red Cross societies. Red Cross nurses from around the world, including the United States and Japan, came to support the medical services of the armed forces of the European countries involved in the war. On 15 October 1914, immediately after the start of the war, the ICRC set up its International Prisoners-of-War (<a href="/wiki/POW" class="mw-redirect" title="POW">POW</a>) Agency, which had about 1,200 mostly volunteer staff members by the end of 1914. By the end of the war, the Agency had transferred about 20 million letters and messages, 1.9 million parcels, and about 18 million <a href="/wiki/Swiss_francs" class="mw-redirect" title="Swiss francs">Swiss francs</a> in monetary donations to POWs of all affected countries. Furthermore, due to the intervention of the Agency, about 200,000 prisoners were exchanged between the warring parties, released from captivity and returned to their home country. The organizational card index of the Agency accumulated about 7 million records from 1914 to 1923, each card representing an individual prisoner or missing person. The card index led to the identification of about 2 million POWs and the ability to contact their families, as part of the <a href="/wiki/Restoring_Family_Links" title="Restoring Family Links">Restoring Family Links</a> effort of the organization. The complete index is on loan today from the ICRC to the <a href="/wiki/International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Museum" title="International Red Cross and Red Crescent Museum">International Red Cross and Red Crescent Museum</a> in Geneva. The right to access the index is still strictly restricted to the ICRC. </p><p>During the entire war, the ICRC monitored warring parties' compliance with the Geneva Conventions of the 1907 revision and forwarded complaints about violations to the respective country. When <a href="/wiki/Chemical_weapons" class="mw-redirect" title="Chemical weapons">chemical weapons</a> were used in this war for the first time in history, the ICRC vigorously protested against this new type of warfare. Even without having a mandate from the Geneva Conventions, the ICRC tried to ameliorate the suffering of civil populations. In territories that were officially designated as "occupied territories," the ICRC could assist the civilian population on the basis of the <a href="/wiki/Hague_Conventions_(1899_and_1907)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hague Conventions (1899 and 1907)">Hague Convention</a>'s "Laws and Customs of War on Land" of 1907. This convention was also the legal basis for the ICRC's work for prisoners of war. In addition to the work of the International Prisoner-of-War Agency as described above this included inspection visits to <a href="/wiki/POW_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="POW camp">POW camps</a>. A total of 524 camps throughout Europe were visited by 41 delegates from the ICRC until the end of the war. </p><p>Between 1916 and 1918, the ICRC published a number of <a href="/wiki/Postcard" title="Postcard">postcards</a> with scenes from the POW camps. The pictures showed the prisoners in day-to-day activities such as the distribution of letters from home. The intention of the ICRC was to provide the families of the prisoners with some hope and solace and to alleviate their uncertainties about the fate of their loved ones. After the end of the war, the ICRC organized the return of about 420,000 prisoners to their home countries. In 1920, the task of repatriation was handed over to the newly founded <a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations" title="League of Nations">League of Nations</a>, which appointed the Norwegian diplomat and scientist <a href="/wiki/Fridtjof_Nansen" title="Fridtjof Nansen">Fridtjof Nansen</a> as its "High Commissioner for Repatriation of the War Prisoners". His legal mandate was later extended to support and care for war refugees and displaced persons when his office became that of the League of Nations "<a href="/wiki/High_Commissioner_for_Refugees" class="mw-redirect" title="High Commissioner for Refugees">High Commissioner for Refugees</a>". Nansen, who invented the <i><a href="/wiki/Nansen_passport" title="Nansen passport">Nansen passport</a></i> for stateless refugees and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1922, appointed two delegates from the ICRC as his deputies. </p><p>A year before the end of the war, the ICRC received the 1917 Nobel Peace Prize for its outstanding wartime work. It was the only Nobel Peace Prize awarded in the period from 1914 to 1918. </p><p>After the war ended, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Pomeroy_Davison" title="Henry Pomeroy Davison">Henry Pomeroy Davison</a>, who had been Chairman of the War Council of the <a href="/wiki/American_Red_Cross" title="American Red Cross">American Red Cross</a> pressed for the creation of an international organization to coordinate the work of the different national Red Cross societies.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Based on his recommendation, the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Red_Cross_Societies" class="mw-redirect" title="League of Red Cross Societies">League of Red Cross Societies</a> was founded on 15 May 1919, by the societies of <a href="/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain">Great Britain</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. Davison, wanted the League of Red Cross Societies to supersede the ICRC in controlling the Red Cross action in international affairs. He argued that: </p> <blockquote><p>It should be in reality, and not merely in name an International Committee, a Committee on which there will be representatives from all countries, instead of, as at present, a committee consisting of amiable but somewhat ineffective Geneva gentlemen. That which calls itself "international" has grown rather provincial… New blood, new methods, a new and more comprehensive outlook, these things are necessary.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The League was established in 1919 with Davison as its chairman. However, "Swiss aloofness or unilateralism was hard to overcome",<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the relationship between the ICRC and the League became, and remained, a problem for years to come. The untimely death of Davison in 1922 after an operation will undoubtedly have had an adverse impact on the league’s ability to counter what he saw as Swiss intransigence. </p><p>In 1923, the Committee adopted a change in its policy regarding the selection of new members. Until then, only citizens from the city of Geneva could serve in the committee. This limitation was expanded to include Swiss citizens. As a direct consequence of World War I, an additional protocol to the Geneva Convention was adopted in 1925 which outlawed the use of suffocating or poisonous gases and biological agents as weapons. Four years later, the original Convention was revised and the second Geneva Convention "relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War" was established. The events of World War I and the respective activities of the ICRC significantly increased the reputation and authority of the Committee among the international community and led to an extension of its competencies. </p><p>As early as in 1934, a draft proposal for an additional convention for the protection of the civil population during an armed conflict was adopted by the International Red Cross Conference. Unfortunately, most governments had little interest in implementing this convention, and it was thus prevented from entering into force before the beginning of World War II. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chaco_War">Chaco War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Chaco War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Interwar_period" title="Interwar period">Interwar period</a>, Bolivia and Paraguay were disputing possession of the <a href="/wiki/Gran_Chaco" title="Gran Chaco">Gran Chaco</a> - a desert region between the two countries. The dispute escalated into a <a href="/wiki/Chaco_War" title="Chaco War">full-scale conflict</a> in 1932. During the war the ICRC visited 18,000 Bolivian prisoners of war and 2,500 Paraguayan detainees. With the help of the ICRC both countries made improvements to the conditions of the detainees. <sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Theresienstadt_concentration_camp_and_the_Red_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Theresienstadt concentration camp and the Red Cross">Theresienstadt concentration camp and the Red Cross</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HZwLazarecie1940.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/HZwLazarecie1940.jpg/220px-HZwLazarecie1940.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/HZwLazarecie1940.jpg/330px-HZwLazarecie1940.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/HZwLazarecie1940.jpg/440px-HZwLazarecie1940.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="2245" /></a><figcaption>Red Cross message from <a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA" title="Łódź">Łódź</a>, Poland, 1940.</figcaption></figure> <p>The most reliable primary source on the role of the Red Cross during World War II are the three volumes of the "Report of the International Committee of the Red Cross on its activities during the second world war (September 1, 1939 – June 30, 1947)" written by the International Committee of the Red Cross itself. The report can be read online.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The legal basis of the work of the ICRC during World War II was the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geneva_Convention_(1929)_(disambiguation)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geneva Convention (1929) (disambiguation) (page does not exist)">Geneva Conventions (1929)</a> revision, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Convention_relating_to_the_International_Status_of_Refugees" class="mw-redirect" title="Convention relating to the International Status of Refugees">Convention relating to the International Status of Refugees</a>, of 28 October 1933.<sup id="cite_ref-jaeger01_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jaeger01-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The activities of the committee were similar to those during World War I: visiting and monitoring POW camps, organizing relief assistance for civilian populations, and administering the exchange of messages regarding prisoners and missing persons. By the end of the war, 179 delegates had conducted 12,750 visits to POW camps in 41 countries. The Central Information Agency on Prisoners-of-War (<i>Zentralauskunftsstelle für Kriegsgefangene</i>) had a staff of 3,000, the card index tracking prisoners contained 45 million cards, and 120 million messages were exchanged by the Agency. One major obstacle was that the <a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazi</a>-controlled <a href="/wiki/German_Red_Cross" title="German Red Cross">German Red Cross</a> refused to cooperate with the Geneva statutes including blatant violations such as the deportation of Jews from Germany and the <a href="/wiki/Holocaust" class="mw-redirect" title="Holocaust">mass murders</a> conducted in the <a href="/wiki/Concentration_camps" class="mw-redirect" title="Concentration camps">concentration camps</a> run by the German government.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moreover, two other main parties to the conflict, the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> and <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, were not party to the 1929 Geneva Conventions and were not legally required to follow the rules of the conventions. </p><p>During the war, the ICRC failed to obtain an agreement with Nazi Germany about the treatment of detainees in concentration camps, and it eventually abandoned applying pressure to avoid disrupting its work with POWs. There was no public condemnation of treatment in concentration camps, and a proposed 1942 appeal on the conduct of hostilities was abandoned.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the ICRC failed to develop a response to reliable information about the extermination camps and the mass killing of European Jews. This is still considered the greatest failure of the ICRC in its history.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (February 2024)">by whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>After November 1943, the ICRC achieved permission to send parcels to concentration camp detainees with known names and locations. Because the notices of receipt for these parcels were often signed by other inmates, the ICRC managed to register the identities of about 105,000 detainees in the concentration camps and delivered about 1.1 million parcels, primarily to the camps <a href="/wiki/Dachau_concentration_camp" title="Dachau concentration camp">Dachau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buchenwald" class="mw-redirect" title="Buchenwald">Buchenwald</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ravensbr%C3%BCck" class="mw-redirect" title="Ravensbrück">Ravensbrück</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sachsenhausen_concentration_camp" title="Sachsenhausen concentration camp">Sachsenhausen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Marcel_Junod-5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Marcel_Junod-5.jpg/220px-Marcel_Junod-5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Marcel_Junod-5.jpg/330px-Marcel_Junod-5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Marcel_Junod-5.jpg/440px-Marcel_Junod-5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="589" data-file-height="390" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Junod" title="Marcel Junod">Marcel Junod</a>, delegate of the ICRC, visiting POWs in <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a>.<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Benoit Junod, Switzerland)</span></figcaption></figure> <p>Swiss historian Jean-Claude Favez, who conducted an 8-year review of the Red Cross records, says that even though the Red Cross knew by November 1942 about the Nazi's annihilation plans for the Jews – and even discussed it with U.S. officials – the group did nothing to inform the public, maintaining silence even in the face of pleas by Jewish groups.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because the Red Cross was based in Geneva and largely funded by the Swiss government, it was very sensitive to Swiss wartime attitudes and policies. In October 1942, the Swiss government and the Red Cross' board of members vetoed a proposal by several Red Cross board members to condemn the persecution of civilians by the Nazis. For the rest of the war, the Red Cross took its cues from Switzerland in avoiding acts of opposition or confrontation with the Nazis.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Liberation_of_Eindhoven,_Holland,_20_September_1944_TR2369.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/The_Liberation_of_Eindhoven%2C_Holland%2C_20_September_1944_TR2369.jpg/220px-The_Liberation_of_Eindhoven%2C_Holland%2C_20_September_1944_TR2369.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/The_Liberation_of_Eindhoven%2C_Holland%2C_20_September_1944_TR2369.jpg/330px-The_Liberation_of_Eindhoven%2C_Holland%2C_20_September_1944_TR2369.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/The_Liberation_of_Eindhoven%2C_Holland%2C_20_September_1944_TR2369.jpg/440px-The_Liberation_of_Eindhoven%2C_Holland%2C_20_September_1944_TR2369.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2666" data-file-height="1772" /></a><figcaption>The Red Cross during liberation of <a href="/wiki/Eindhoven" title="Eindhoven">Eindhoven</a> in 1944.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_sick_Polish_survivor_in_the_Hannover-Ahlem_concentration_camp_receives_medicine_from_a_German_Red_Cross_worker.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/A_sick_Polish_survivor_in_the_Hannover-Ahlem_concentration_camp_receives_medicine_from_a_German_Red_Cross_worker.jpg/220px-A_sick_Polish_survivor_in_the_Hannover-Ahlem_concentration_camp_receives_medicine_from_a_German_Red_Cross_worker.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/A_sick_Polish_survivor_in_the_Hannover-Ahlem_concentration_camp_receives_medicine_from_a_German_Red_Cross_worker.jpg/330px-A_sick_Polish_survivor_in_the_Hannover-Ahlem_concentration_camp_receives_medicine_from_a_German_Red_Cross_worker.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/A_sick_Polish_survivor_in_the_Hannover-Ahlem_concentration_camp_receives_medicine_from_a_German_Red_Cross_worker.jpg/440px-A_sick_Polish_survivor_in_the_Hannover-Ahlem_concentration_camp_receives_medicine_from_a_German_Red_Cross_worker.jpg 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="370" /></a><figcaption>A sick Polish survivor in the Hannover-Ahlem concentration camp receives medicine from a German Red Cross worker, April 1945</figcaption></figure> <p>On 12 March 1945, ICRC President Jacob Burckhardt received a message from SS General <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Kaltenbrunner" title="Ernst Kaltenbrunner">Ernst Kaltenbrunner</a> accepting the ICRC's demand to allow delegates to visit the concentration camps. This agreement was bound by the condition that these delegates would have to stay in the camps until the end of the war. Ten delegates, among them <a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Haefliger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis Haefliger (page does not exist)">Louis Haefliger</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mauthausen-Gusen_concentration_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp">Mauthausen Camp</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Dunant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Dunant (page does not exist)">Paul Dunant</a> (<a href="/wiki/Concentration_camp_Theresienstadt" class="mw-redirect" title="Concentration camp Theresienstadt">Theresienstadt Camp</a>) and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Victor_Maurer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Victor Maurer (page does not exist)">Victor Maurer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dachau_concentration_camp" title="Dachau concentration camp">Dachau Camp</a>), accepted the assignment and visited the camps. Louis Haefliger prevented the forceful eviction or blasting of Mauthausen-Gusen by alerting American troops, thereby saving the lives of about 60,000 inmates. His actions were condemned by the ICRC because they were deemed as acting unduly on his own authority and risking the ICRC's neutrality. Only in 1990 was his reputation finally rehabilitated by ICRC President <a href="/wiki/Cornelio_Sommaruga" title="Cornelio Sommaruga">Cornelio Sommaruga</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-Starmühler_2008_p._25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Starmühler_2008_p.-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1944, the ICRC received its second Nobel Peace Prize. As in World War I, it received the only Peace Prize awarded during the main period of war, 1939 to 1945. At the end of the war, the ICRC worked with national Red Cross societies to organize relief assistance to those countries most severely affected. In 1948, the Committee published a report reviewing its war-era activities from 1 September 1939 to 30 June 1947. Since January 1996, the ICRC archive for this period has been open to academic and public research. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rest_of_the_20th_century">Rest of the 20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Rest of the 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In December 1948 the ICRC was invited, along with the <a href="/wiki/IFRC" class="mw-redirect" title="IFRC">IFRC</a> and <a href="/wiki/American_Friends_Service_Committee" title="American Friends Service Committee">AFSC</a>, by the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> to take part in a $32 million emergency relief programme working with <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_refugee" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian refugee">Palestinian</a> refugees. The ICRC was given responsibility for the areas that are now the <a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a> and <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 12 August 1949, further revisions to the existing two Geneva Conventions were adopted. An additional convention "for the Amelioration of the Condition of Wounded, Sick and Shipwrecked Members of Armed Forces at Sea", now called the second Geneva Convention, was brought under the Geneva Convention umbrella as a successor to the <a href="/wiki/Hague_Conventions_(1899_and_1907)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hague Conventions (1899 and 1907)">1907 Hague Convention X</a>. The 1929 Geneva convention "relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War" may have been the second Geneva Convention from a historical point of view (because it was actually formulated in Geneva), but after 1949 it came to be called the third Convention because it came later chronologically than the Hague Convention. Reacting to the experience of World War II, the <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Geneva_Convention" title="Fourth Geneva Convention">Fourth Geneva Convention</a>, a new Convention "relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War," was established. Also, the additional protocols of 8 June 1977 were intended to make the conventions apply to internal conflicts such as civil wars. Today, the four conventions and their added protocols contain more than 600 articles, a remarkable expansion when compared to the mere 10 articles in the first 1864 convention. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross,_Geneva_(46907115094).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross%2C_Geneva_%2846907115094%29.jpg/220px-International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross%2C_Geneva_%2846907115094%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross%2C_Geneva_%2846907115094%29.jpg/330px-International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross%2C_Geneva_%2846907115094%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross%2C_Geneva_%2846907115094%29.jpg/440px-International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross%2C_Geneva_%2846907115094%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5700" data-file-height="3783" /></a><figcaption>The ICRC Headquarters in Geneva</figcaption></figure> <p>In celebration of its centennial in 1963, the ICRC, together with the <a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">League of Red Cross Societies</a>, received its third Nobel Peace Prize. Since 1993, non-Swiss individuals have been allowed to serve as Committee delegates abroad, a task which was previously restricted to Swiss citizens. Indeed, since then, the share of staff without Swiss citizenship has increased to about 35%. </p><p>On 16 October 1990, the <a href="/wiki/UN_General_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="UN General Assembly">UN General Assembly</a> decided to grant the ICRC <a href="/wiki/Observer_status" title="Observer status">observer status</a> for its assembly sessions and sub-committee meetings, the first observer status given to a private organization. The resolution was jointly proposed by 138 member states and introduced by the Italian ambassador, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vieri_Traxler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vieri Traxler (page does not exist)">Vieri Traxler</a>, in memory of the organization's origins in the Battle of Solferino. An agreement with the Swiss government signed on 19 March 1993, affirmed the already long-standing policy of full independence of the committee from any possible interference by Switzerland. The agreement protects the full sanctity of all ICRC property in Switzerland including its headquarters and archive, grants members and staff legal immunity, exempts the ICRC from all taxes and fees, guarantees the protected and duty-free transfer of goods, services, and money, provides the ICRC with secure communication privileges at the same level as foreign embassies, and simplifies Committee travel in and out of Switzerland. </p><p>The ICRC continued its activities throughout the 1990s. It broke its customary media silence when it denounced the <a href="/wiki/Rwandan_genocide" title="Rwandan genocide">Rwandan genocide</a> in 1994. It struggled to prevent the crimes that happened in and around <a href="/wiki/Srebrenica" title="Srebrenica">Srebrenica</a> in 1995 but admitted, "We must acknowledge that despite our efforts to help thousands of civilians forcibly expelled from the town and despite the dedication of our colleagues on the spot, the ICRC's impact on the unfolding of the tragedy was extremely limited."<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It went public once again in 2007 to decry "major human rights abuses" by Burma's military government including forced labour, starvation, and murder of men, women, and children.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Holocaust_memorial">The Holocaust memorial</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: The Holocaust memorial"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By taking part in the 1995 ceremony to commemorate the liberation of the <a href="/wiki/Auschwitz_concentration_camp" title="Auschwitz concentration camp">Auschwitz concentration camp</a>, the President of the ICRC, <a href="/wiki/Cornelio_Sommaruga" title="Cornelio Sommaruga">Cornelio Sommaruga</a>, sought to show that the organization was fully aware of the gravity of <a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">The Holocaust</a> and the need to keep the memory of it alive, so as to prevent any repetition of it. He paid tribute to all those who had suffered or lost their lives during the war and publicly regretted the past mistakes and shortcomings of the Red Cross with regard to the victims of the concentration camps.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2002, an ICRC official outlined some of the lessons the organization has learned from the failure: </p> <ul><li>from a legal point of view, the work that led to the adoption of the Geneva Convention relative to the protection of civilian persons in time of war;</li> <li>from an ethical point of view, the adoption of the declaration of the Fundamental Principles of the Red Cross and Red Crescent, building on the distinguished work of <a href="/wiki/Max_Huber_(statesman)" title="Max Huber (statesman)">Max Huber</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jean_Pictet" title="Jean Pictet">Jean Pictet</a>, to prevent any more abuses such as those that occurred within the movement after <a href="/wiki/Hitler" class="mw-redirect" title="Hitler">Hitler</a> rose to power in 1933;</li> <li>on a political level, the ICRC's relationship with Switzerland was redesigned to ensure its independence;</li> <li>with a view to keeping memories alive, the ICRC accepted, in 1955, to take over the direction of the <a href="/wiki/International_Tracing_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="International Tracing Service">International Tracing Service</a> where records from concentration camps are maintained;</li> <li>finally, to establish the historical facts of the case, the ICRC invited Jean-Claude Favez to carry out an independent investigation of its activities on behalf of the victims of Nazi persecution, and gave him unfettered access to the <a href="/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross_archives" title="International Committee of the Red Cross archives">ICRC archives</a> relating to this period; out of concern for transparency, the ICRC also decided to give all other historians access to its <a href="/wiki/Archive" title="Archive">archives</a> dating back more than 50 years; having gone over the conclusions of Favez's work, the ICRC acknowledged its past failings and expressed its regrets in this regard.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>In an official statement made on 27 January 2005, the 60th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz, the ICRC stated: </p> <blockquote><p>Auschwitz also represents the greatest failure in the history of the ICRC, aggravated by its lack of decisiveness in taking steps to aid the victims of Nazi persecution. This failure will remain part of the ICRC's memory, as will the courageous acts of individual ICRC delegates at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rules_for_cyberwarfare">Rules for cyberwarfare</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Rules for cyberwarfare"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 4 October 2023 the committee issued a <a href="/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross_rules_of_engagement_for_civilian_hackers" title="International Committee of the Red Cross rules of engagement for civilian hackers">set of rules for civilian hackers to abide by</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc-rules-of-engagement-issued-to-hacktivists_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-rules-of-engagement-issued-to-hacktivists-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wp-red-cross-officials-want-civilian-hackers-to-follow-rules-admid-war_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp-red-cross-officials-want-civilian-hackers-to-follow-rules-admid-war-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Staff_fatalities">Staff fatalities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Staff fatalities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the end of the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>, the ICRC's work actually became more dangerous. In the 1990s, more delegates lost their lives than at any point in its history, especially when working in local and internal armed conflicts. These incidents often demonstrated a lack of respect for the rules of the Geneva Conventions and their protection symbols. Among the slain delegates were: </p> <ul><li>Richard Heider. He was killed on 9 June 1942 in Greece.</li> <li>Matthaeus Vischer. He was killed on 20 December 1943 in Indonesia.</li> <li>Johann Jovanovits. He was killed on 4 February 1946 in Germany.</li> <li>Otto Anderegg. He was killed on 16 May 1946 in Indonesia.</li> <li>Charles Huber. He was killed on 19 November 1946 in Germany.</li> <li>Georges Olivet. He was killed on 13 December 1961 in the Democratic Republic of Congo.</li> <li>Robert Carlsson. He was killed on 30 July 1968 in Nigeria.</li> <li>Dragan Hercog. He was killed on 30 July 1968 in Nigeria.</li> <li>Jacob Sturzenegger. He was killed on 12 March 1975 in Vietnam.</li> <li>Louis Gaulis. He was killed on 29 March 1978 in Lebanon.</li> <li>Alain Bieri, André Tieche, Charles Chatora. They were killed on 18 March 1978 in Zimbabwe.</li> <li>Christine Rieben. She was killed on 17 January 1980 in Uganda.</li> <li>Jürg Baumann. He was killed on 21 September 1980 in Sudan.</li> <li>André Redard. He was killed on 12 May 1982 in Angola.</li> <li>Alain Jossi. He was killed on 28 October 1984 in Ethiopia.</li> <li>Michel Zufferey. He was killed on 5 January 1985 in Sudan.</li> <li>Marc Blaser. He was killed on 16 December 1985 in Angola.</li> <li>Catherine Chappuis, Nuno Ferreira. They were killed on 14 October 1987 in Angola.</li> <li>Pernette Zehnder. She was killed on 18 October 1987 in Lebanon.</li> <li>Juanito Patong, Walter Berweger. They were killed on 19 January 1990 in the Philippines.</li> <li>Mohammad Zamany. He was killed on 16 August 1990 in Afghanistan.</li> <li>Yar Faqir. He was killed on 1 September 1990 in Afghanistan.</li> <li>Peter Altwegg. He was killed on 6 October 1990 in Somalia.</li> <li>Rais Khan, Mostu Khan. They were killed on 9 July 1991 in Afghanistan.</li> <li>Anthony Arulanthu. He was killed on 24 October 1991 in Sri Lanka.</li> <li>Wim Van-Boxelaere. He was killed on 14 December 1991 in Somalia.</li> <li>Jón Karlsson. He was killed on 22 April 1992 in Afghanistan.</li> <li>Frédéric Maurice. He died on 19 May 1992 at the age of 39, one day after a Red Cross transport he was escorting was attacked in the former <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavian</a> city of <a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a>.</li> <li>Solomon Jarboe. He was killed on 26 August 1992 in Liberia.</li> <li>Kurt Lustenberger. He was killed on 14 January 1993 in Somalia.</li> <li>Sarah Leomy, Suzanne Buser. They were killed on 27 August 1993 in Sierra Leone.</li> <li>Michel Kuhn. He was killed on 28 August 1993 in Tajikistan.</li> <li>Antoine Munderere. He was killed on 13 October 1993 in Rwanda.</li> <li>Angela Gago-Gallego, Julia Narrea. They were killed on 25 February 1994 in Peru.</li> <li>Kiew Sambath. He was killed on 11 April 1994 in Cambodia.</li> <li>Rodrigues Cambiote. He was killed on 13 August 1994 in Angola.</li> <li>Fernanda Calado (Spain), Ingeborg Foss (Norway), Nancy Malloy (Canada), Gunnhild Myklebust (Norway), Sheryl Thayer (New Zealand), and Hans Elkerbout (Netherlands). They were shot at point-blank range while sleeping in the early hours of 17 December 1996 in the ICRC field hospital in the <a href="/wiki/Chechnya" title="Chechnya">Chechen</a> city of <a href="/wiki/Nowije_Atagi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nowije Atagi">Nowije Atagi</a> near <a href="/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny">Grozny</a>. Their murderers have never been caught and there was no apparent motive for the killings.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Rita Fox (Switzerland), Véronique Saro (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Republic of Congo">Democratic Republic of Congo</a>, formerly Zaire), Julio Delgado (Colombia), Unen Ufoirworth (DR Congo), Aduwe Boboli (DR Congo), and Jean Molokabonge (DR Congo). On 26 April 2001, they were en route with two cars on a relief mission in the northeast of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Republic of Congo">Democratic Republic of Congo</a> when they came under fatal fire from unknown attackers.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ricardo_Mungu%C3%ADa_(aid_worker)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ricardo Munguía (aid worker) (page does not exist)">Ricardo Munguia</a> (El Salvador). He was working as a water engineer in Afghanistan and travelling from <a href="/wiki/Kandahar" title="Kandahar">Kandahar</a> to <a href="/wiki/Tirin_Kot" class="mw-redirect" title="Tirin Kot">Tirin Kot</a> with local colleagues on 27 March 2003 when their car was stopped by unknown armed men. He was killed execution-style at point-blank range while his colleagues were allowed to escape. He was 39 years old. The killing prompted the ICRC to temporarily suspend operations across Afghanistan.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thereby the assumption that ICRC's reputation for neutrality and effective work in Afghanistan over the past thirty years would protect its delegates was shattered.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Vatche Arslanian (Canada). Since 2001, he worked as a logistics coordinator for the ICRC mission in Iraq. He died when he was travelling through Baghdad together with members of the Iraqi Red Crescent. Their car accidentally came into the crossfire of fighting in the city.</li> <li>Nadisha Yasassri Ranmuthu (Sri Lanka). He was killed by unknown attackers on 22 July 2003, when his car was fired upon near the city of <a href="/wiki/Hilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Hilla">Hilla</a> in the south of <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a>.</li> <li>Emmerich Pregetter (Austria). He was an ICRC Logistics Specialist who was killed by a swarm of bees on 11 August 2008. Emmerich was participating in a field trip along with the ICRC Water and Habitat team on a convoy which was delivering construction material for reconstruction of a rural surgical health clinic in the area of Jebel Marra, West Darfur, Sudan.</li> <li>Kristofer Scott. He was killed on 25 January 2011 in Liberia.</li> <li>Khalil Dale. He was killed on 29 April 2012 in Pakistan.</li> <li>Hussein Saleh. He was killed on 20 June 2012 in Yemen.</li> <li>Abdul Bashir-Khan. He was killed on 29 May 2013 in Afghanistan.</li> <li>Dieudonné Ruhamanyi, Pascal Barholere. They were killed on 20 November 2013 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.</li> <li>Siradjou Mamadou. He was killed on 8 March 2014 in the Central African Republic.</li> <li>Michael Greub. He was killed on 4 June 2014 in Libya.</li> <li>Laurent Du Pasquier (Switzerland). He was an Administration and Finance Manager in the city of Donetsk in Eastern Ukraine. He was killed by a shell which landed close to the ICRC's office on 2 October 2014. He was 38 years old.</li> <li>Hamadoun Daou. He was killed on 30 March 2015 in Mali.</li> <li>Mohammed Al-Hakami, Abdulkarem Ghazi. They were killed on 2 September 2015 in Yemen.</li> <li>Alexis Marboua. He was killed on 12 October 2016 in the Central African Republic.</li> <li>Emmanuel Lukudu, Ghulam Maqsood, Ghulam Rasoul, Ghulam Mortaza, Ahmad Khalid, Najibullah Sahebzada, Sayed Shah-Agha. They were killed on 8 February 2017 in Afghanistan.</li> <li>Lorena Enebral-Perez. She was a physiotherapy specialist and requested a mission in Afghanistan where she could focus on children with disabilities. On 11 September 2017, while working at the ICRC's physical rehabilitation centre in Mazar-i-Sharif, Lorena was shot by a patient in a wheelchair. She was 38 years old.</li> <li>Atteyipe Youssouf. He was killed on 4 November 2017 in the Central African Republic.</li> <li>Hanna Lahoud. He was killed on 21 April 2018 in Yemen.</li> <li>Saifura Hussaini. She was killed on 16 September 2019 in Nigeria.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hauwa_Liman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hauwa Liman (page does not exist)">Hauwa Liman</a>. She was killed on 16 October 2019 in Nigeria.</li> <li>Saidi Kayiranga, Ahmed Wazir, Hamid Al-Qadami, John Kaka. They were killed on 20 March 2020 in South Sudan.</li> <li>Diomede Nzobambona. He was killed on 23 August 2021 in Cameroon.</li> <li>On 12 September 2024, three ICRC staff were killed after shelling hit an aid distribution site in Donetsk region. Another two were wounded. Their names have not yet been disclosed to the public.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>In 2011, ICRC launched the <a href="/wiki/Health_Care_In_Danger" title="Health Care In Danger">Health Care In Danger</a> campaign to highlight risks to humanitarian healthcare workers.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_ICRC.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Emblem_of_the_ICRC.svg/220px-Emblem_of_the_ICRC.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Emblem_of_the_ICRC.svg/330px-Emblem_of_the_ICRC.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Emblem_of_the_ICRC.svg/440px-Emblem_of_the_ICRC.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption>The emblem of the International Committee of the Red Cross (French: <i>Comité international de la Croix-Rouge</i>)</figcaption></figure> <p>The original motto of the International Committee of the Red Cross was <i>Inter Arma Caritas</i> ("Amidst War, Charity"). It has preserved this motto while other Red Cross organizations have adopted others. Due to Geneva's location in the French-speaking part of Switzerland, the ICRC is also known under its initial French name <i>Comité international de la Croix-Rouge</i> (CICR). However, the ICRC has three official languages (English, French and Spanish). The official symbol of the ICRC is the Red Cross on white background (the inverse of the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Switzerland" title="Flag of Switzerland">Swiss flag</a>) with the words "COMITE INTERNATIONAL GENEVE" circling the cross. </p><p>Under the Geneva Convention, the red cross, red crescent and red crystal emblems provide protection for military medical services and relief workers in armed conflicts and is to be placed on humanitarian and medical vehicles and buildings. The original emblem that has a red cross on a white background is the exact reverse of the flag of neutral Switzerland. It was later supplemented by two others which are the <a href="/wiki/Red_Crescent" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Crescent">Red Crescent</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Red_Crystal" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Crystal">Red Crystal</a>. The Red Crescent was adopted by the Ottoman Empire during the Russo-Turkish war and the Red Crystal by the governments in 2005, as an additional emblem devoid of any national, political or religious connotation.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mission">Mission</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Mission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The official mission statement says that: "The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is an impartial, neutral, and independent organization whose exclusively humanitarian mission is to protect the lives and dignity of victims of war and internal violence and to provide them with assistance." It also conducts and coordinates international <a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_aid" title="Humanitarian aid">relief</a> and works to promote and strengthen <a href="/wiki/International_humanitarian_law" title="International humanitarian law">international humanitarian law</a> and universal humanitarian principles.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The core tasks of the committee, which are derived from the Geneva Conventions and its own statutes<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are: </p> <ul><li>to monitor compliance of warring parties with the Geneva Conventions</li> <li>to organize nursing and care for those who are wounded on the battlefield</li> <li>to supervise the treatment of prisoners of war and make confidential interventions with detaining authorities</li> <li>to help with the search for missing persons in an armed conflict (<a href="/wiki/Restoring_Family_Links" title="Restoring Family Links">tracing service</a>)</li> <li>to organize <a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_protection" title="Humanitarian protection">protection</a> and care for civil populations</li> <li>to act as a neutral intermediary between warring parties</li></ul> <p>The ICRC drew up seven fundamental principles in 1965 that were adopted by the entire Red Cross Movement.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are humanity, impartiality, neutrality, independence, volunteerism, unity, and universality.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legal_status">Legal status</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Legal status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The ICRC is the only institution explicitly named in <a href="/wiki/International_humanitarian_law" title="International humanitarian law">international humanitarian law</a> as a controlling authority. The legal mandate of the ICRC stems from the four <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conventions" title="Geneva Conventions">Geneva Conventions</a> of 1949, as well as its own Statutes. The ICRC also undertakes tasks that are not specifically mandated by law, such as visiting political prisoners outside of conflict and providing relief in <a href="/wiki/Natural_disaster" title="Natural disaster">natural disasters</a>. </p><p>The ICRC is a private <a href="/wiki/Swiss_association" title="Swiss association">Swiss association</a> that has enjoyed various degrees of special privileges and legal <a href="/wiki/Charitable_immunity" title="Charitable immunity">immunities</a> within the territory of Switzerland for many years.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (November 2010)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> On 19 March 1993, a legal foundation for this special treatment was created by a formal agreement between the Swiss government and the ICRC. This agreement protects the full sanctity of all ICRC property in Switzerland including its headquarters and archive, grants members and staff legal immunity, exempts the ICRC from all taxes and fees, guarantees protected and duty-free transfer of goods, services, and money, provides the ICRC with secure communication privileges at the same level as foreign <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_mission" title="Diplomatic mission">embassies</a>, and simplifies Committee travel in and out of Switzerland. On the other hand, Switzerland does not recognize ICRC-issued passports.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Contrary to popular belief, the ICRC is not a sovereign entity like the <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta" title="Sovereign Military Order of Malta">Sovereign Military Order of Malta</a>. The ICRC limits its membership to Swiss nationals only, and also <span class="citation-needed-content" style="padding-left:0.1em; padding-right:0.1em; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); border:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle, #c8ccd1);">unlike most NGOs</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> it does not have a policy of open and unrestricted membership for individuals as its new members are selected by the Committee itself (a process called cooptation). However, since the early 1990s, the ICRC employs persons from all over the world to serve in its field mission and at Headquarters. In 2007, almost half of ICRC staff was non-Swiss. The ICRC has special privileges and legal immunities in many countries,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too vague attribution or weasel words. (November 2010)">which?</span></a></i>]</sup> based on national law in these countries, based on agreements between the ICRC and the respective governments, or, in some cases, based on international jurisprudence (such as the right of ICRC delegates not to bear witness in front of international tribunals). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legal_basis">Legal basis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Legal basis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The ICRC's operations are generally based on <a href="/wiki/International_humanitarian_law" title="International humanitarian law">international humanitarian law</a>, primarily comprising the four Geneva Conventions of 1949, their two Additional Protocols of 1977 and Additional Protocol III of 2005, the Statutes of the <a href="/wiki/International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement" title="International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement">International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement</a>, and the resolutions of the International Conferences of the Red Cross and Red Crescent.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>International humanitarian law is founded upon the Geneva conventions, the first of which was signed in 1864 by 16 countries. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=First_Geneva_Convention_of_1949&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="First Geneva Convention of 1949 (page does not exist)">First Geneva Convention of 1949</a> covers the protection for the wounded and sick of armed conflict on land. The <a href="/wiki/Second_Geneva_Convention" title="Second Geneva Convention">Second Geneva Convention</a> asks for the protection and care for the wounded, sick and shipwrecked of armed conflict at sea. The <a href="/wiki/Third_Geneva_Convention" title="Third Geneva Convention">Third Geneva Convention</a> concerns the treatment of prisoners of war. The <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Geneva_Convention" title="Fourth Geneva Convention">Fourth Geneva Convention</a> concerns the protection of civilians in time of war. In addition, there are many more customary international laws that come into effect when necessary. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Funding_and_financial_matters">Funding and financial matters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Funding and financial matters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 2023 budget of the ICRC amounts to 2.5 billion Swiss francs. Most of that money comes from states, including Switzerland in its capacity as the depositary state of the Geneva Conventions, from national Red Cross societies, the signatory states of the Geneva Conventions, and from international organizations like the European Union. All payments to the ICRC are voluntary and are received as donations based on two types of appeals issued by the committee: an annual Headquarters Appeal to cover its internal costs and Emergency Appeals for its individual missions. In 2023, Ukraine is the ICRC's biggest humanitarian operation (at 316.5 million Swiss francs), followed by Afghanistan (218 million francs) and Syria (171.7 million francs).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 2021, the top donors (>10 million Swiss Francs) to the ICRC were: the United States (544) followed by Germany (247), Switzerland (156), the United Kingdom (153), the European Commission (129), Sweden (93), Norway (87), Canada (66), Japan (51), the Netherlands (46), France (45), Australia (35), Denmark (26), Belgium (25), Ireland (18), Austria (17), Luxembourg (14), Finland (13), Spain (12), Italy (12), and New Zealand (10). The ICRC budget is becoming increasingly fragile due to its over-reliance on European and North American governments, little private contributions and very little funding from <a href="/wiki/BRICS" title="BRICS">BRICS</a> countries. By way of example, in 2021, the United States provided the ICRC over 544 million Swiss Francs, while the Russian Federation provided 1 million, China 710,000, South Africa 225,106 and Brasil made no contribution.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2023, the ICRC had reported a serious decline in contributions and announced cuts of CHF430 million for 2023 and 2024 with a resulting lay-off of 1,800 jobs at the headquarters and in delegations worldwide. The overall budget has almost doubled in ten years from CHF1.18 billion in 2012. But fewer donations in 2022 had put serious financial pressures on the world's leading international NGO that also supports the fair treatment of POWs during global conflicts. The recent overrepresentation of the Ukrainian conflict in the international press had reduced the influx of donations to the international Red Cross. In May 2023, with a generous support by the <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Geneva" title="Canton of Geneva">Canton of Geneva</a>, the ICRC is receiving 40 million CHF in additional donations to support its crucial and life-saving activities on all continents.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Responsibilities_within_the_movement">Responsibilities within the movement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Responsibilities within the movement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The ICRC is responsible for legally recognizing a relief society as an official national <a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="List of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">Red Cross or Red Crescent society</a> and thus accepting it into the movement. The exact rules for recognition are defined in the statutes of the movement. After recognition by the ICRC, a national society is admitted as a member to the <a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies</a> (the Federation, or IFRC). The ICRC and the Federation cooperate with the individual national societies in their international missions, especially with human, material, and financial resources and organizing on-site logistics. According to the 1997 <a href="/wiki/Seville_Agreement" title="Seville Agreement">Seville Agreement</a>, the ICRC is the lead Red Cross agency in conflicts while other organizations within the movement take the lead in non-war situations. National societies will be given the lead especially when a conflict is happening within their own country. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization">Organization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The ICRC is headquartered in the Swiss city of <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has external offices called Delegations (or in rare cases, "missions") in about eighty countries. Each delegation is under the responsibility of a Head of delegation who is the official representative of the ICRC in the country. Of its 3,000 professional employees, roughly 1,000 work in its Geneva headquarters and 2,000 expatriates work in the field. About half of the field workers serve as delegates managing ICRC operations, while the other half are specialists such as doctors, <a href="/wiki/Agronomist" class="mw-redirect" title="Agronomist">agronomists</a>, engineers, or <a href="/wiki/Interpreters" class="mw-redirect" title="Interpreters">interpreters</a>. In the delegations, the international staff are assisted by some 15,000 national employees, bringing the total staff under the authority of the ICRC to roughly 18,000. Delegations also often work closely with the National Red Cross Societies of the countries where they are based, and thus can call on the volunteers of the National Red Cross to assist in some of the ICRC's operations. </p><p>The organizational structure of the ICRC is not well understood by outsiders. This is partly because of organizational secrecy, but also because the structure itself has been prone to frequent change. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>The Assembly and Presidency are two long-standing institutions, but the Assembly Council and Directorate were created only in the latter part of the twentieth century. Decisions are often made in a collective way, so authority and power relationships are not set in stone. Today, the leading organs are the Directorate and the Assembly.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Directorate">Directorate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Directorate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Directorate is the executive body of the ICRC. It attends to the daily management of the ICRC, whereas the Assembly sets policy. The Directorate consists of a Director-General and five directors in the areas of "Operations", "Human Resources", "Financial Resources and Logistics ", "Communication and Information Management", and "International Law and Cooperation within the Movement". The members of the Directorate are appointed by the Assembly to serve for four years. The Director-General has assumed more personal responsibility in recent years, much like a CEO, where he was formerly more of a first among equals at the Directorate.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Assembly">Assembly</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Assembly"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FrederickBoissonas_MargueriteFrickCramer1942.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/FrederickBoissonas_MargueriteFrickCramer1942.jpg/220px-FrederickBoissonas_MargueriteFrickCramer1942.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="304" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/FrederickBoissonas_MargueriteFrickCramer1942.jpg/330px-FrederickBoissonas_MargueriteFrickCramer1942.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/FrederickBoissonas_MargueriteFrickCramer1942.jpg 2x" data-file-width="419" data-file-height="579" /></a><figcaption>Marguerite Frick-Cramer, the first ever female member of the ICRC</figcaption></figure> <p>The Assembly (also called the committee) convenes on a regular basis and is responsible for defining aims, guidelines, and strategies and for supervising the financial matters of the committee. The Assembly has a membership of a maximum of twenty-five Swiss citizens. Members must speak the house language of French, but many also speak English and German as well. These Assembly members are <a href="/wiki/Co-option" title="Co-option">co-opted</a> for a period of four years, and there is no limit to the number of terms an individual member can serve. A three-quarters majority vote from all members is required for re-election after the third term, which acts as a motivation for members to remain active and productive. </p><p>In the early years, every Committee member was Genevan, Protestant, <a href="/wiki/White_people" title="White people">white</a>, and male. The first woman, the <a href="/wiki/Historian" title="Historian">historian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jurist" title="Jurist">legal scholar</a> <a href="/wiki/Marguerite_Frick-Cramer" title="Marguerite Frick-Cramer">Renée-Marguerite Cramer</a> (1887-1963), was co-opted in 1918, but resigned already in 1922 when she moved to Germany. She was succeeded by the <a href="/wiki/Nursing" title="Nursing">nurse</a> and <a href="/wiki/Suffragette" title="Suffragette">suffragette</a> <a href="/wiki/Pauline_Chaponni%C3%A8re-Chaix" title="Pauline Chaponnière-Chaix">Pauline Chaponnière-Chaix</a> (1850-1934). The third female member was the <a href="/wiki/Music_education" title="Music education">music educator</a> <a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Ferri%C3%A8re" title="Suzanne Ferrière">Suzanne Ferrière</a> (1886-1970) in 1925, followed by the nurses <a href="/wiki/Lucie_Odier" title="Lucie Odier">Lucie Odier</a> (1886-1984) in 1930 and <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9e_Bordier" title="Renée Bordier">Renée Bordier</a> (1902-2000) in 1938. </p><p>In recent decades, several women have attained the Vice Presidency, and the female proportion after the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> has been about 15%. The first non-Genevans were admitted in 1923, and one Jew has served in the Assembly.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While the rest of the Red Cross Movement may be multi-national, the Committee believes that its mono-national nature is an asset because the nationality in question is Swiss. Thanks to permanent Swiss <a href="/wiki/Neutral_country" title="Neutral country">neutrality</a>, conflicting parties can be sure that no one from "the enemy" will be setting policy in Geneva.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Franco-Prussian_War" title="Franco-Prussian War">Franco-Prussian War</a> of 1870–71 showed that even Red Cross actors (in this case National Societies) can be so bound by nationalism that they are unable to sustain neutral humanitarianism.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Assembly_Council">Assembly Council</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Assembly Council"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Furthermore, the Assembly elects a five-member Assembly Council that constitutes an especially active core of the Assembly. The Council meets at least ten times per year and has the authority to decide on behalf of the full Assembly in some matters. The council is also responsible for organizing the Assembly meetings and for facilitating communication between the Assembly and the Directorate. The Assembly Council normally includes the President, two Vice Presidents and two elected members. While one of the Vice Presidents is elected for a four-year term, the other is appointed permanently, his tenure ending by retirement from the vice presidency or from the committee. Currently<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (January 2013)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Olivier_Vodoz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Olivier Vodoz (page does not exist)">Olivier Vodoz</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Beerli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christine Beerli (page does not exist)">Christine Beerli</a><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are the Vice Presidents.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019, Christine Beerli retired and Gilles Carbonnier was appointed vice-president. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_President">The President</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: The President"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Assembly also selects, for a term of four years, one individual to act as President of the ICRC. The President is both a member of the Assembly and the leader of the ICRC, and has always been included on the Council since its formation. The President automatically becomes a member of both the Council and the Assembly, but does not necessarily come from within the ICRC. There is a strong faction within the Assembly that wants to reach outside the organization to select a President from Swiss government or professional circles (such as banking or medicine).<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In fact, the four most recent Presidents were all previously officials for the Swiss government. The President's influence and role are not well-defined, and change depending upon the times and each President's personal style. </p><p>From 2000 to 2012, the President of the ICRC was <a href="/wiki/Jakob_Kellenberger" title="Jakob Kellenberger">Jakob Kellenberger</a>, a reclusive man who rarely made diplomatic appearances, but was quite skilled in personal negotiation and comfortable with the dynamics of the Assembly.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since July 2012, the President has been Peter Maurer, a Swiss citizen who is a former Secretary for Foreign Affairs. He was appointed by the Assembly for a renewable four-year term.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Mirjana_Spoljaric_Egger" title="Mirjana Spoljaric Egger">Mirjana Spoljaric Egger</a> took over the office from Peter Maurer on 1 October 2022, becoming the first woman to serve in this position.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Presidents of the ICRC have been: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li>1863–1864: <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Henri_Dufour" title="Guillaume Henri Dufour">Henri Dufour</a></li> <li>1864–1910: <a href="/wiki/Gustave_Moynier" title="Gustave Moynier">Gustave Moynier</a></li> <li>1910–1928: <a href="/wiki/Gustave_Ador" title="Gustave Ador">Gustave Ador</a></li> <li>1928–1944: <a href="/wiki/Max_Huber_(statesman)" title="Max Huber (statesman)">Max Huber</a></li> <li>1945–1948: <a href="/wiki/Carl_Jacob_Burckhardt" title="Carl Jacob Burckhardt">Carl Jacob Burckhardt</a></li> <li>1948–1955: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Ruegger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Ruegger (page does not exist)">Paul Ruegger</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Ruegger" class="extiw" title="de:Paul Ruegger">de</a>]</span></li> <li>1955–1964: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leopold_Boissier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leopold Boissier (page does not exist)">Leopold Boissier</a></li> <li>1964–1969: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Gonard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samuel Gonard (page does not exist)">Samuel Gonard</a></li> <li>1969–1973: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcel_Naville&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcel Naville (page does not exist)">Marcel Naville</a></li> <li>1973–1976: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eric_Martin_(physician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eric Martin (physician) (page does not exist)">Eric Martin (physician)</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Martin_(Mediziner)" class="extiw" title="de:Eric Martin (Mediziner)">de</a>]</span></li> <li>1976–1987: <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Hay" title="Alexandre Hay">Alexandre Hay</a></li> <li>1987–1999: <a href="/wiki/Cornelio_Sommaruga" title="Cornelio Sommaruga">Cornelio Sommaruga</a></li> <li>2000–2012: <a href="/wiki/Jakob_Kellenberger" title="Jakob Kellenberger">Jakob Kellenberger</a></li> <li>2012–2022: <a href="/wiki/Peter_Maurer" title="Peter Maurer">Peter Maurer</a></li> <li>2022–present: <a href="/wiki/Mirjana_Spoljaric_Egger" title="Mirjana Spoljaric Egger">Mirjana Spoljaric Egger</a></li></ul> </div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 107.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 105.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Guillaume_Henri_Dufour_(Irminger).png" class="mw-file-description" title="Guillaume Dufour, (1787-1875)"><img alt="Guillaume Dufour, (1787-1875)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Guillaume_Henri_Dufour_%28Irminger%29.png/158px-Guillaume_Henri_Dufour_%28Irminger%29.png" decoding="async" width="106" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Guillaume_Henri_Dufour_%28Irminger%29.png/237px-Guillaume_Henri_Dufour_%28Irminger%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Guillaume_Henri_Dufour_%28Irminger%29.png/316px-Guillaume_Henri_Dufour_%28Irminger%29.png 2x" data-file-width="618" data-file-height="820" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Guillaume Dufour,<br />(1787-1875)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 102px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 100px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gustave_Moynier.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gustave Moynier, (1826-1910)"><img alt="Gustave Moynier, (1826-1910)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Gustave_Moynier.jpg/150px-Gustave_Moynier.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Gustave_Moynier.jpg/225px-Gustave_Moynier.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Gustave_Moynier.jpg/300px-Gustave_Moynier.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="699" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gustave Moynier,<br />(1826-1910)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 110.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 108.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GustaveAdor.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gustave Ador, (1845-1928)"><img alt="Gustave Ador, (1845-1928)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/GustaveAdor.jpg/163px-GustaveAdor.jpg" decoding="async" width="109" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/GustaveAdor.jpg/244px-GustaveAdor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/GustaveAdor.jpg/326px-GustaveAdor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="447" data-file-height="576" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gustave Ador,<br />(1845-1928)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 102.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 100.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Max_Huber.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Max Huber, (1874-1960)"><img alt="Max Huber, (1874-1960)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Max_Huber.jpg/151px-Max_Huber.jpg" decoding="async" width="101" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Max_Huber.jpg/226px-Max_Huber.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Max_Huber.jpg/302px-Max_Huber.jpg 2x" data-file-width="497" data-file-height="692" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Max Huber,<br />(1874-1960)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 103.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 101.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carl_Burckhardt.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Carl Burckhardt, (1891-1974)"><img alt="Carl Burckhardt, (1891-1974)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Carl_Burckhardt.jpg/152px-Carl_Burckhardt.jpg" decoding="async" width="102" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Carl_Burckhardt.jpg/228px-Carl_Burckhardt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Carl_Burckhardt.jpg/304px-Carl_Burckhardt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="644" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Carl Burckhardt,<br />(1891-1974)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 106px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 104px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alexandre_Hay.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Alexandre Hay, (1919-1991)"><img alt="Alexandre Hay, (1919-1991)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Alexandre_Hay.jpg/156px-Alexandre_Hay.jpg" decoding="async" width="104" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Alexandre_Hay.jpg/235px-Alexandre_Hay.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Alexandre_Hay.jpg/313px-Alexandre_Hay.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="671" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Alexandre Hay,<br />(1919-1991)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 102.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 100.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cornelio_Sommaruga.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cornelio Sommaruga, (1932-2024)"><img alt="Cornelio Sommaruga, (1932-2024)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Cornelio_Sommaruga.jpg/151px-Cornelio_Sommaruga.jpg" decoding="async" width="101" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Cornelio_Sommaruga.jpg/226px-Cornelio_Sommaruga.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Cornelio_Sommaruga.jpg/302px-Cornelio_Sommaruga.jpg 2x" data-file-width="497" data-file-height="692" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Cornelio Sommaruga,<br />(1932-2024)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 131.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 129.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jakob_Kellenberger.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jakob Kellenberger, (1944- )"><img alt="Jakob Kellenberger, (1944- )" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Jakob_Kellenberger.jpg/194px-Jakob_Kellenberger.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Jakob_Kellenberger.jpg/291px-Jakob_Kellenberger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Jakob_Kellenberger.jpg/388px-Jakob_Kellenberger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1653" data-file-height="1788" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Jakob Kellenberger,<br />(1944- )</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 95.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 93.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ICRC_president_Peter_Maurer_in_Syria_(7930973296).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Peter Maurer, (1956- )"><img alt="Peter Maurer, (1956- )" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/ICRC_president_Peter_Maurer_in_Syria_%287930973296%29.jpg/140px-ICRC_president_Peter_Maurer_in_Syria_%287930973296%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="94" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/ICRC_president_Peter_Maurer_in_Syria_%287930973296%29.jpg/210px-ICRC_president_Peter_Maurer_in_Syria_%287930973296%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/ICRC_president_Peter_Maurer_in_Syria_%287930973296%29.jpg/280px-ICRC_president_Peter_Maurer_in_Syria_%287930973296%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="5760" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Peter Maurer,<br />(1956- )</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 126px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 124px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mirjana_Spoljaric_Egger(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mirjana Spoljaric Egger, (1972- )"><img alt="Mirjana Spoljaric Egger, (1972- )" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Mirjana_Spoljaric_Egger%28cropped%29.jpg/186px-Mirjana_Spoljaric_Egger%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Mirjana_Spoljaric_Egger%28cropped%29.jpg/279px-Mirjana_Spoljaric_Egger%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Mirjana_Spoljaric_Egger%28cropped%29.jpg/373px-Mirjana_Spoljaric_Egger%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2640" data-file-height="2976" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mirjana Spoljaric Egger,<br />(1972- )</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Staff">Staff</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Staff"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As the ICRC has grown and become more directly involved in conflicts, it has seen an increase in professional staff rather than volunteers over the years. The ICRC had only twelve employees in 1914<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 1,900 in the Second World War complemented its 1,800 volunteers.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The number of paid staff dropped off after both wars, but has increased once again in the last few decades, averaging 500 field staff in the 1980s and over a thousand in the 1990s. Beginning in the 1970s, the ICRC became more systematic in training to develop a more professional staff.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ICRC offers attractive careers for university graduates, especially in Switzerland,<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the workload as an ICRC employee is demanding. 15% of the staff leaves each year and 75% of employees stay less than three years.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ICRC staff is multi-national and averaged about 50% non-Swiss citizens in 2004. The ICRC's international staff are assisted in their work by some 15,000 national employees hired in the countries where the delegations are based. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_ICRC_worldwide">The ICRC worldwide</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: The ICRC worldwide"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The ICRC operates in over 80 countries with a total number of 18,000 employed people worldwide. The extensive network of ICRC missions and delegations can help to relieve nations affected by conflict and violence. Over the past few years, the ICRC's largest operations have typically been in Yemen, Syria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, Iraq and more recently, Ethiopia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relationships_within_the_movement">Relationships within the movement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Relationships within the movement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg/220px-Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg/330px-Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg/440px-Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption> </figcaption></figure> <p>By virtue of its age and its special position under <a href="/wiki/International_humanitarian_law" title="International humanitarian law">international humanitarian law</a>, the ICRC is the lead agency in the <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Cross Movement">Red Cross Movement</a>, but it has weathered some power struggles within the movement. The ICRC has come into conflict with the Federation and certain national societies at various times. The American Red Cross threatened to supplant the ICRC with its creation of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies as "a real international Red Cross" after the First World War.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Elements of the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Red_Cross" title="Swedish Red Cross">Swedish Red Cross</a> desired to supplant the Swiss authority of the ICRC after WWII.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over time the Swedish sentiments subsided, and the IFRC grew to work more harmoniously with the ICRC after years of organizational discord.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Currently, the IFRC's Movement Cooperation division organizes interaction and cooperation with the ICRC. </p><p>In 1997, the ICRC and the IFRC signed the <a href="/wiki/Seville_Agreement" title="Seville Agreement">Seville Agreement</a> which further defined the responsibilities of both organizations within the movement. According to the agreement, the Federation is the lead agency of the movement in any emergency situation which does not take place as part of an armed conflict. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Acceptance_of_Magen_David_Adom">Acceptance of Magen David Adom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Acceptance of Magen David Adom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From its inception in 1930 until 2006, the <a href="/wiki/Magen_David_Adom" title="Magen David Adom">Magen David Adom</a> organization, the Israeli equivalent to the Red Cross, was not accepted as part of the Federation, as it used the <a href="/wiki/Star_of_David" title="Star of David">Star of David</a>, which the ICRC refused to accept as a protective symbol due to its ostensibly religious symbolism in a country marred by ethno-religious conflicts. This meant that although ambulances operated by Red Crescent societies were protected by the Geneva Conventions, those displaying the Star of David were not. In protest over the ICRC's stance, the American Red Cross withdrew its financial support. In 2005, at a meeting of nations party to the Geneva Conventions, the ICRC adopted a new symbol called <a href="/wiki/Emblems_of_the_International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement#Red_Crystal" title="Emblems of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement">Red Crystal</a>. Magen David Adom then reworked their symbol by placing the Star of David sign inside the Red Crystal shape, following which it was accepted as a full member of the Movement in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_relationships">International relationships</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: International relationships"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Friedensnobelpreis-1963.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Friedensnobelpreis-1963.jpg/220px-Friedensnobelpreis-1963.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Friedensnobelpreis-1963.jpg/330px-Friedensnobelpreis-1963.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Friedensnobelpreis-1963.jpg/440px-Friedensnobelpreis-1963.jpg 2x" data-file-width="531" data-file-height="350" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> ceremony in 1963 when the prize was jointly awarded to the ICRC and the Federation. From left to right: <a href="/wiki/Olav_V_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Olav V of Norway">King Olav</a> of Norway, ICRC President Leopold Boissier, League Chairman <a href="/wiki/John_MacAulay" title="John MacAulay">John MacAulay</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The ICRC prefers to engage <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">states</a> directly and relies on low-key and confidential negotiations<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to lobby for access to <a href="/wiki/Prisoners_of_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Prisoners of war">prisoners of war</a> and improvement in their treatment. Its findings are not available to the general public but are shared only with the relevant government. This is in contrast to related organizations like <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9decins_Sans_Fronti%C3%A8res" title="Médecins Sans Frontières">Doctors Without Borders</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> who are more willing to expose abuses and apply public pressure to governments. The ICRC reasons that this approach allows it greater access and cooperation from governments in the long run. </p><p>When granted only partial access, the ICRC takes what it can get and keeps discreetly lobbying for greater access. In the era of <a href="/wiki/History_of_South_Africa_in_the_apartheid_era" class="mw-redirect" title="History of South Africa in the apartheid era">apartheid South Africa</a>, it was granted access to prisoners like <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a> serving sentences, but not to those under <a href="/wiki/Interrogation" title="Interrogation">interrogation</a> and awaiting trial.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After his release, Mandela publicly praised the Red Cross.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The presence of respectable <a href="/wiki/Aid_agency" title="Aid agency">aid organizations</a> can make weak <a href="/wiki/Form_of_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Form of government">regimes</a> appear more <a href="/wiki/Legitimacy_(political_science)" class="mw-redirect" title="Legitimacy (political science)">legitimate</a>, according to Fiona Terry, head of ICRC's operational research centre. Terry contends that "this is particularly true of [the] ICRC, whose mandate, reputation, and discretion imbue its presence with a particularly affirming quality."<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Recognizing this power, the ICRC can pressure weak governments to change their behaviour by threatening to withdraw. As mentioned above, Nelson Mandela acknowledged that the ICRC compelled better treatment of prisoners<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and had leverage over his South African captors because "avoiding international condemnation was the authorities' main goal."<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="People_who_have_worked_for_the_ICRC">People who have worked for the ICRC</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: People who have worked for the ICRC"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Appia" title="Louis Appia">Louis Appia</a> (1818-1898), co-founder</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orianne_Aymard" title="Orianne Aymard">Orianne Aymard</a> (1978), author, lecturer and himalayist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Boissier" title="Laurence Boissier">Laurence Boissier</a> (1965-2022), writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Born" title="Friedrich Born">Friedrich Born</a> (1903-1963), diplomat</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Jacob_Burckhardt" title="Carl Jacob Burckhardt">Carl Jacob Burckhardt</a> (1891- 1974), diplomat, historian and writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Cormon" title="Pierre Cormon">Pierre Cormon</a> (1965), journalist and writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Danzi" title="Patricia Danzi">Patricia Danzi</a> senior civil servant</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Dunant" title="Henry Dunant">Henry Dunant</a> (1828-1910), founder</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marguerite_Frick-Cramer" title="Marguerite Frick-Cramer">Marguerite Frick-Cramer</a> (1887-1963), historian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Gomez" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfonso Gomez">Alfonso Gomez</a> (1960), politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Huber_(statesman)" title="Max Huber (statesman)">Max Huber</a> (1874-1960), jurist, president of the ICRC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Junod" title="Marcel Junod">Marcel Junod</a> (1904-1961), physician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakob_Kellenberger" title="Jakob Kellenberger">Jakob Kellenberger</a> (1944), diplomat, president of the ICRC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Koch_(physician)" title="Daniel Koch (physician)">Daniel Koch</a> (1955), physician and senior civil servant</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Kr%C3%A4henb%C3%BChl" title="Pierre Krähenbühl">Pierre Krähenbühl</a> (1966), Director General</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Lazzarini" title="Philippe Lazzarini">Philippe Lazzarini</a> (1964), Commissioner-General of the <a href="/wiki/UNRWA" title="UNRWA">UNRWA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Maunoir" title="Théodore Maunoir">Théodore Maunoir</a> (1806-1869), surgeon, co-founder of the ICRC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Maurer" title="Peter Maurer">Peter Maurer</a> (1956), historian, specialist in <a href="/wiki/International_Humanitarian_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="International Humanitarian Law">International Humanitarian Law</a>, president of the ICRC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustave_Moynier" title="Gustave Moynier">Gustave Moynier</a> (1826-1910), jurist, co-founder of the ICRC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Pictet" title="Jean Pictet">Jean Pictet</a> (1914-2002), Doctor of Law</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelio_Sommaruga" title="Cornelio Sommaruga">Cornelio Sommaruga</a> (1932-2024), diplomat, president of the ICRC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirjana_Spoljaric_Egger" title="Mirjana Spoljaric Egger">Mirjana Spoljaric Egger</a> (1971), diplomat, president of the ICRC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Comité International de la Croix-Rouge</i>, <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Comité Internacional de la Cruz Roja</i></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icrc.org/data/files/annual-report-2016/ICRC-2016-annual-report.pdf">"Annual Report 2016, Key facts and figures"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200814084607/https://www.icrc.org/data/files/annual-report-2016/ICRC-2016-annual-report.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 14 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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March 1963. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://international-review.icrc.org/articles/foundation-red-cross">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 3 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Review+of+the+Red+Cross&rft.atitle=The+foundation+of+the+Red+Cross&rft.date=1963-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finternational-review.icrc.org%2Farticles%2Ffoundation-red-cross&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Angela Bennett: The Geneva Convention. The Hidden Origins of the Red Cross. Sutton Publishing, Gloucestershire 2005, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7509-4147-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-7509-4147-2">0-7509-4147-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-convention-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-convention_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/States.xsp?xp_viewStates=XPages_NORMStatesParties&xp_treatySelected=120">"Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded in Armies in the Field. Geneva, 22 August 1864"</a>. Geneva, Switzerland: International Committee of the Red Cross ICRC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200215213954/https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/States.xsp?xp_viewStates=XPages_NORMStatesParties&xp_treatySelected=120">Archived</a> from the original on 15 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Convention+for+the+Amelioration+of+the+Condition+of+the+Wounded+in+Armies+in+the+Field.+Geneva%2C+22+August+1864&rft.place=Geneva%2C+Switzerland&rft.pub=International+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross+ICRC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fihl-databases.icrc.org%2Fapplic%2Fihl%2Fihl.nsf%2FStates.xsp%3Fxp_viewStates%3DXPages_NORMStatesParties%26xp_treatySelected%3D120&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dromi2020-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dromi2020_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDromi2020" class="citation book cs1">Dromi, Shai M. (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/A/bo46479924.html"><i>Above the fray : the Red Cross and the making of the humanitarian NGO sector</i></a>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 34. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780226680248" title="Special:BookSources/9780226680248"><bdi>9780226680248</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201029213404/https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/A/bo46479924.html">Archived</a> from the original on 29 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Above+the+fray+%3A+the+Red+Cross+and+the+making+of+the+humanitarian+NGO+sector&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=34&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=9780226680248&rft.aulast=Dromi&rft.aufirst=Shai+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpress.uchicago.edu%2Fucp%2Fbooks%2Fbook%2Fchicago%2FA%2Fbo46479924.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDromi2016" class="citation journal cs1">Dromi, Shai M. (2016). "For good and country: nationalism and the diffusion of humanitarianism in the late nineteenth century". <i>The Sociological Review</i>. <b>64</b> (2): 79–97. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F2059-7932.12003">10.1002/2059-7932.12003</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sociological+Review&rft.atitle=For+good+and+country%3A+nationalism+and+the+diffusion+of+humanitarianism+in+the+late+nineteenth+century&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=79-97&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F2059-7932.12003&rft.aulast=Dromi&rft.aufirst=Shai+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDromi2020" class="citation book cs1">Dromi, Shai M. (2020). <i>Above the fray: The Red Cross and the making of the humanitarian NGO sector</i>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 119. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-68038-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-68038-5"><bdi>978-0-226-68038-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Above+the+fray%3A+The+Red+Cross+and+the+making+of+the+humanitarian+NGO+sector&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=119&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-0-226-68038-5&rft.aulast=Dromi&rft.aufirst=Shai+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Moorehead, Caroline, <i>Dunant's Dream</i>, Carroll & Graf, New York, 1998, p.259</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Forsythe, David P., <i>The Humanitarians</i>, Cambridge University Press, 2005 p.36</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icrc.org/eng/resources/documents/misc/5gkebj.htm">"The Chaco war (1932-1935)"</a>. 25 January 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305134121/https://www.icrc.org/eng/resources/documents/misc/5gkebj.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Chaco+war+%281932-1935%29&rft.date=2005-01-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icrc.org%2Feng%2Fresources%2Fdocuments%2Fmisc%2F5gkebj.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://library.icrc.org/library/search/notice?noticeNr=6962"><i>The Report of the International Committee of the Red Cross on its activities during the second world war (September 1, 1939 – June 30, 1947) Geneva 1948</i></a>. 1948.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Report+of+the+International+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross+on+its+activities+during+the+second+world+war+%28September+1%2C+1939+%E2%80%93+June+30%2C+1947%29+Geneva+1948&rft.date=1948&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibrary.icrc.org%2Flibrary%2Fsearch%2Fnotice%3FnoticeNr%3D6962&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jaeger01-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jaeger01_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJaeger2001" class="citation journal cs1">Jaeger, Gilbert (September 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icrc.org/ar/doc/assets/files/other/727_738_jaeger.pdf">"On the history of the international protection of refugees"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>International Review of the Red Cross</i>. <b>83</b> (843): 727–737. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS1560775500119285">10.1017/S1560775500119285</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145129127">145129127</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220620044445/https://www.icrc.org/ar/doc/assets/files/other/727_738_jaeger.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 20 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Review+of+the+Red+Cross&rft.atitle=On+the+history+of+the+international+protection+of+refugees&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=843&rft.pages=727-737&rft.date=2001-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS1560775500119285&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145129127%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Jaeger&rft.aufirst=Gilbert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icrc.org%2Far%2Fdoc%2Fassets%2Ffiles%2Fother%2F727_738_jaeger.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icrc.org/en/document/icrc-wwii-holocaust">"The ICRC in World War Two: The Holocaust"</a>. 15 September 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231222103905/https://www.icrc.org/en/document/icrc-wwii-holocaust">Archived</a> from the original on 22 December 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+ICRC+in+World+War+Two%3A+The+Holocaust&rft.date=2017-09-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icrc.org%2Fen%2Fdocument%2Ficrc-wwii-holocaust&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBugnion2002" class="citation web cs1">Bugnion, François (5 November 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icrc.org/en/doc/resources/documents/misc/6ayg86.htm">"Dialogue with the past: the ICRC and the Nazi death camps - ICRC"</a>. <i>www.icrc.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171024095848/https://www.icrc.org/eng/resources/documents/misc/6ayg86.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 24 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.icrc.org&rft.atitle=Dialogue+with+the+past%3A+the+ICRC+and+the+Nazi+death+camps+-+ICRC&rft.date=2002-11-05&rft.aulast=Bugnion&rft.aufirst=Fran%C3%A7ois&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icrc.org%2Fen%2Fdoc%2Fresources%2Fdocuments%2Fmisc%2F6ayg86.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFavez1999" class="citation book cs1">Favez, Jean-Claude (1999). <i>The Red Cross and the Holocaust</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-41587-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-41587-3"><bdi>978-0-521-41587-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Red+Cross+and+the+Holocaust&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-521-41587-3&rft.aulast=Favez&rft.aufirst=Jean-Claude&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span>p. 75.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFavez1999" class="citation book cs1">Favez, Jean-Claude (1999). <i>The Red Cross and the Holocaust</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-41587-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-41587-3"><bdi>978-0-521-41587-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Red+Cross+and+the+Holocaust&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-521-41587-3&rft.aulast=Favez&rft.aufirst=Jean-Claude&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span>p. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFavez1999" class="citation book cs1">Favez, Jean-Claude (1999). <i>The Red Cross and the Holocaust</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-41587-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-41587-3"><bdi>978-0-521-41587-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Red+Cross+and+the+Holocaust&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-521-41587-3&rft.aulast=Favez&rft.aufirst=Jean-Claude&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span>p. 88.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Starmühler_2008_p.-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Starmühler_2008_p._25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStarmühler2008" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Starmühler, Johannes (2008). "Louis Haefliger und die Befreiung des Konzentrationslagers Mauthausen" (in German). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.25365%2FTHESIS.447">10.25365/THESIS.447</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Louis+Haefliger+und+die+Befreiung+des+Konzentrationslagers+Mauthausen&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.25365%2FTHESIS.447&rft.aulast=Starm%C3%BChler&rft.aufirst=Johannes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gallagher, Nancy (2007) <i>Quakers in the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: The Dilemmas of NGO Humanitarian Activism</i> The American University in Cairo Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/977-416-105-X" title="Special:BookSources/977-416-105-X">977-416-105-X</a> p. 51</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeldman2018" class="citation book cs1">Feldman, Ilana (2018). <i>Life Lived in Relief: Humanitarian Predicaments and Palestinian Refugee Politics</i>. University of California Press. p. 6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Life+Lived+in+Relief%3A+Humanitarian+Predicaments+and+Palestinian+Refugee+Politics&rft.pages=6&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Feldman&rft.aufirst=Ilana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mégevand-Roggo, Béatrice. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icrc.org/Web/Eng/siteeng0.nsf/html/srebrenica-editorial-050705">Srebrenica – remembering the missing</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930201107/http://www.icrc.org/Web/Eng/siteeng0.nsf/html/srebrenica-editorial-050705">Archived</a> 30 September 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. 5 July 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Red Cross Condemns Burman 'Abuses'" <i>BBC News.</i> 29 June 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6252024.stm">http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6252024.stm</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070922061717/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6252024.stm">Archived</a> 22 September 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icrc.org/eng/resources/documents/misc/history-holocauste-020205.htm">"ICRC in WW II: the Holocaust"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120904035727/http://www.icrc.org/eng/resources/documents/misc/history-holocauste-020205.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 4 September 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ICRC+in+WW+II%3A+the+Holocaust&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icrc.org%2Feng%2Fresources%2Fdocuments%2Fmisc%2Fhistory-holocauste-020205.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuignion2002" class="citation web cs1">Buignion, François (5 November 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icrc.org/web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/html/6ayg86">"Dialogue with the past: the ICRC and the Nazi death camps"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070906112141/http://www.icrc.org/web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/html/6ayg86">Archived</a> from the original on 6 September 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dialogue+with+the+past%3A+the+ICRC+and+the+Nazi+death+camps&rft.date=2002-11-05&rft.aulast=Buignion&rft.aufirst=Fran%C3%A7ois&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icrc.org%2Fweb%2Feng%2Fsiteeng0.nsf%2Fhtml%2F6ayg86&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icrc.org/web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/html/68zeb2?opendocument">"Commemorating the liberation of Auschwitz"</a>. <i>ICRC: Official Statement</i>. 27 January 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120709105257/http://www.icrc.org/eng/resources/documents/misc/68zeb2.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ICRC%3A+Official+Statement&rft.atitle=Commemorating+the+liberation+of+Auschwitz&rft.date=2005-01-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icrc.org%2Fweb%2Feng%2Fsiteeng0.nsf%2Fhtml%2F68zeb2%3Fopendocument&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc-rules-of-engagement-issued-to-hacktivists-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bbc-rules-of-engagement-issued-to-hacktivists_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTidy2023" class="citation news cs1">Tidy, Joe (4 October 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-66998064">"Rules of engagement issued to hacktivists after chaos"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231015173135/https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-66998064">Archived</a> from the original on 15 October 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Rules+of+engagement+issued+to+hacktivists+after+chaos&rft.date=2023-10-04&rft.aulast=Tidy&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Ftechnology-66998064&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wp-red-cross-officials-want-civilian-hackers-to-follow-rules-admid-war-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wp-red-cross-officials-want-civilian-hackers-to-follow-rules-admid-war_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStarksDiMolfetta2023" class="citation news cs1">Starks, Tim; DiMolfetta, David (5 October 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/10/05/red-cross-wants-civilian-hackers-follow-rules-heres-why/">"Red Cross officials want civilian hackers to follow rules amid war. Here's why"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Post">Washington Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Red+Cross+officials+want+civilian+hackers+to+follow+rules+amid+war.+Here%27s+why.&rft.date=2023-10-05&rft.aulast=Starks&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft.au=DiMolfetta%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fpolitics%2F2023%2F10%2F05%2Fred-cross-wants-civilian-hackers-follow-rules-heres-why%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrançois_Budnion1997" class="citation web cs1">François Budnion (30 April 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icrc.org/eng/resources/documents/article/other/57jnj3.htm">"17 December 1996 : Six ICRC delegates assassinated in Chechnya"</a>. <i>www.icrc.org</i>. ICRC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161221113149/https://www.icrc.org/eng/resources/documents/article/other/57jnj3.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 21 December 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.icrc.org&rft.atitle=17+December+1996+%3A+Six+ICRC+delegates+assassinated+in+Chechnya&rft.date=1997-04-30&rft.au=Fran%C3%A7ois+Budnion&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icrc.org%2Feng%2Fresources%2Fdocuments%2Farticle%2Fother%2F57jnj3.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irinnews.org/news/2003/03/28/swiss-icrc-delegate-murdered">"Swiss ICRC delegate murdered"</a>. <i>www.irinnews.org</i>. IRIN. 28 March 2003. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160308233547/http://www.irinnews.org/news/2003/03/28/swiss-icrc-delegate-murdered">Archived</a> from the original on 8 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 March</span> 2016</span>. <q>Ricardo Munguia, a Swiss citizen of Salvadorian origin was travelling with Afghan colleagues on an assignment to improve the water supply to the district. He was shot in cold blood on Thursday by a group of unidentified assailants who stopped the vehicles transporting them...the assailants had shot the 39-year-old water and habitat engineer in the head and burned one car, warning two Afghans accompanying him not to work for foreigners...Asked what action [the] ICRC was taking, Bouvier explained that 'for the time being, the ICRC has decided to temporarily freeze all field trips in Afghanistan, calling all staff to the main delegation's offices.'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.irinnews.org&rft.atitle=Swiss+ICRC+delegate+murdered&rft.date=2003-03-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irinnews.org%2Fnews%2F2003%2F03%2F28%2Fswiss-icrc-delegate-murdered&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Terry, F. (2011). The international committee of the red cross in Afghanistan: Reasserting the neutrality of humanitarian action. International Review of the Red Cross, 93(881), 175. doi:<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1816383111000026">https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1816383111000026</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240623064109/https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-review-of-the-red-cross/article/abs/international-committee-of-the-red-cross-in-afghanistan-reasserting-the-neutrality-of-humanitarian-action/D2A267AA151B572CBE4390ADEE2FE356">Archived</a> 23 June 2024 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFICRC2024" class="citation web cs1">ICRC (12 September 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icrc.org/en/news-release/ukraine-3-icrc-staff-killed-after-shelling-hits-aid-distribution-site-donetsk">"Ukraine: 3 ICRC staff killed after shelling hits aid distribution site in Donetsk region"</a>. <i>www.icrc.org</i>. ICRC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.icrc.org&rft.atitle=Ukraine%3A+3+ICRC+staff+killed+after+shelling+hits+aid+distribution+site+in+Donetsk+region&rft.date=2024-09-12&rft.au=ICRC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icrc.org%2Fen%2Fnews-release%2Fukraine-3-icrc-staff-killed-after-shelling-hits-aid-distribution-site-donetsk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWebster2011" class="citation journal cs1">Webster, Paul Christopher (20 September 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cmaj.ca/content/183/13/E981">"The deadly effects of violence against medical workers in war zones"</a>. <i>CMAJ</i>. <b>183</b> (13): E981–E982. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1503%2Fcmaj.109-3964">10.1503/cmaj.109-3964</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0820-3946">0820-3946</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3176880">3176880</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21859874">21859874</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220129141659/https://www.cmaj.ca/content/183/13/E981">Archived</a> from the original on 29 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CMAJ&rft.atitle=The+deadly+effects+of+violence+against+medical+workers+in+war+zones&rft.volume=183&rft.issue=13&rft.pages=E981-E982&rft.date=2011-09-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3176880%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=0820-3946&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21859874&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1503%2Fcmaj.109-3964&rft.aulast=Webster&rft.aufirst=Paul+Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cmaj.ca%2Fcontent%2F183%2F13%2FE981&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icrc.org/eng/war-and-law/emblem/index.jsp">"Emblem"</a>. <i>International Committee of the Red Cross</i>. 28 July 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140707141743/http://www.icrc.org/eng/war-and-law/emblem/index.jsp">Archived</a> from the original on 7 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross&rft.atitle=Emblem&rft.date=2014-07-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icrc.org%2Feng%2Fwar-and-law%2Femblem%2Findex.jsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">ICRC. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icrc.org/HOME.NSF/060a34982cae624ec12566fe00326312/125ffe2d4c7f68acc1256ae300394f6e?OpenDocument">The Mission.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140522015932/http://www.icrc.org/HOME.NSF/060a34982cae624ec12566fe00326312/125ffe2d4c7f68acc1256ae300394f6e?OpenDocument">Archived</a> 22 May 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>. 7 May 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icrc.org/Web/Eng/siteeng0.nsf/iwpList130/E1B071F72AF9BAB4C1256B66005C48D6">"International Committee of the Red Cross"</a>. 3 October 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060719064447/http://www.icrc.org/web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/iwpList130/E1B071F72AF9BAB4C1256B66005C48D6">Archived</a> from the original on 19 July 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=International+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross&rft.date=2013-10-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icrc.org%2FWeb%2FEng%2Fsiteeng0.nsf%2FiwpList130%2FE1B071F72AF9BAB4C1256B66005C48D6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">David P Forsythe, <i>The Humanitarians: The International Committee of the Red Cross</i>, (Cambridge, NY:Cambridge University Press, 2005), 161.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">ICRC. 1 January 1995. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icrc.org/web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/htmlall/57jmft?opendocument">The Fundamental Principles</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061021005753/http://www.icrc.org/web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/htmlall/57jmft?opendocument">Archived</a> 21 October 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.udiregelverk.no/~/media/Images/Rettskilder/Visa%20Code/Visa%20Code%20vedlegg%2010%20a.ashx">Council of the European Union – Schengen Visa Working Party – Table of travel documents</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120114115244/http://www.udiregelverk.no/~/media/Images/Rettskilder/Visa%20Code/Visa%20Code%20vedlegg%2010%20a.ashx">Archived</a> 14 January 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120509025118/http://www.icrc.org/eng/resources/documents/annual-report/annual-report-legal-bases-2009.htm">"Legal bases : Extract from ICRC Annual Report 2009"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icrc.org/eng/resources/documents/annual-report/annual-report-legal-bases-2009.htm">the original</a> on 9 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Legal+bases+%3A+Extract+from+ICRC+Annual+Report+2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icrc.org%2Feng%2Fresources%2Fdocuments%2Fannual-report%2Fannual-report-legal-bases-2009.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://library.icrc.org/library/docs/DOC/icrc-annual-report-2021-2.pdf">"ICRC Annual Report 2021, Volume II"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Geneva, Switzerland: ICRC. June 2022. pp. 536–538. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240623064102/https://library.icrc.org/library/docs/DOC/icrc-annual-report-2021-2.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 23 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ICRC+Annual+Report+2021%2C+Volume+II&rft.place=Geneva%2C+Switzerland&rft.pages=536-538&rft.pub=ICRC&rft.date=2022-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibrary.icrc.org%2Flibrary%2Fdocs%2FDOC%2Ficrc-annual-report-2021-2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/politics/canton-geneva-promises-chf40-million-to-troubled-red-cross/48610700">“Canton Geneva promises CHF40 million to troubled Red Cross”</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240623064106/https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/politics/canton-geneva-promises-chf40-million-to-troubled-red-cross/48610700">Archived</a> 23 June 2024 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Swissinfo Foreign Affairs. Accessed 27 September 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRTS/SRF/sb2020" class="citation web cs1">RTS/SRF/sb (16 September 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/red-cross-faces-covid-related-job-cuts-in-geneva/46038796">"Red Cross faces Covid-related job cuts in Geneva"</a>. <i>SWI swissinfo.ch</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201030160741/https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/red-cross-faces-covid-related-job-cuts-in-geneva/46038796">Archived</a> from the original on 30 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SWI+swissinfo.ch&rft.atitle=Red+Cross+faces+Covid-related+job+cuts+in+Geneva&rft.date=2020-09-16&rft.au=RTS%2FSRF%2Fsb&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.swissinfo.ch%2Feng%2Fred-cross-faces-covid-related-job-cuts-in-geneva%2F46038796&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Forsythe, <i>The Humanitarians</i>, 225.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Forsythe, <i>The Humanitarians</i>, 203-6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Forsythe, <i>The Humanitarians</i>, 208.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bugnion, <i>La Protection</i>, 1138–41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">ICRC. 27 April 2007. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.icrc.org/web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/html/vice-president-news-270407">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071012165640/http://www.icrc.org/web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/html/vice-president-news-270407">Archived</a> 12 October 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">ICRC. 1 January 2006. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icrc.org/Web/Eng/siteeng0.nsf/html/icrc-members-biography-250108">The members of the International Committee of the Red Cross</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100808014204/http://www.icrc.org/web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/html/icrc-members-biography-250108">Archived</a> 8 August 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Forsythe, <i>The Humanitarians</i>, 211.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Forsythe, <i>The Humanitarians</i>, 219.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icrc.org/eng/resources/documents/news-release/2011/geneva-news-2011-10-19.htm">ICRC names new president</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240623064107/https://www.icrc.org/en/doc/resources/documents/news-release/2011/geneva-news-2011-10-19.htm">Archived</a> 23 June 2024 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. 19 October 2011. Retrieved 4 January 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icrc.org/en/icrc-elects-new-president">"The International Committee of the Red Cross elects Mirjana Spoljaric Egger as next president"</a>. Geneva, Switzerland: ICRC. 25 November 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231211000437/https://www.icrc.org/en/icrc-elects-new-president">Archived</a> from the original on 11 December 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+International+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross+elects+Mirjana+Spoljaric+Egger+as+next+president&rft.date=2021-11-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icrc.org%2Fen%2Ficrc-elects-new-president&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icrc.org/en/document/mirjana-spoljaric-egger-assumes-presidency-international-committee-red-cross">"Mirjana Spoljaric Egger assumes the presidency of the International Committee of the Red Cross"</a>. Geneva, Switzerland: ICRC. 1 October 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231001184813/https://www.icrc.org/en/document/mirjana-spoljaric-egger-assumes-presidency-international-committee-red-cross">Archived</a> from the original on 1 October 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Mirjana+Spoljaric+Egger+assumes+the+presidency+of+the+International+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross&rft.date=2022-10-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icrc.org%2Fen%2Fdocument%2Fmirjana-spoljaric-egger-assumes-presidency-international-committee-red-cross&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.srf.ch/news/schweiz/nachfolge-von-peter-maurer-erstmals-uebernimmt-eine-frau-das-ikrk-praesidium">"Erstmals übernimmt eine Frau das IKRK-Präsidium"</a> (in German). Zurich, Switzerland: SRG, German Swiss Broadcasting Corporation. 25 November 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220118182443/https://www.srf.ch/news/schweiz/nachfolge-von-peter-maurer-erstmals-uebernimmt-eine-frau-das-ikrk-praesidium">Archived</a> from the original on 18 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Erstmals+%C3%BCbernimmt+eine+Frau+das+IKRK-Pr%C3%A4sidium&rft.date=2021-11-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.srf.ch%2Fnews%2Fschweiz%2Fnachfolge-von-peter-maurer-erstmals-uebernimmt-eine-frau-das-ikrk-praesidium&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Philippe Ryfman, <i>La question humanitaire</i> (Paris:Ellipses, 1999), 38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ryfman, <i>La question humanitaire</i>, 129.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Georges Willemin and Roger Heacock, <i>The International Committee of the Red Cross</i>, (Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1984).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Le CICR manqué de bras," <i>LM</i>, 20 July 2002, 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Forsythe, <i>The Humanitarians</i>, 231.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andre Durand, <i>History of the International Committee of the Red Cross: From Sarajevo to Hiroshima</i>, (Geneva:ICRC, 1984), 147.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Forsythe, <i>The Humanitarians</i>, 52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Forsythe, <i>The Humanitarians</i>, 37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ultimate-tech-news.com/mda-symbol-on-ambulances-in-yesha-still-unresolved/">"MDA symbol on ambulances in Yesha still unresolved"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111108132102/http://www.jewishtribune.ca/TribuneV2/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=4893&Itemid=53">Archived</a> from the original on 8 November 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MDA+symbol+on+ambulances+in+Yesha+still+unresolved&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ultimate-tech-news.com%2Fmda-symbol-on-ambulances-in-yesha-still-unresolved%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMersonBlackMills2006" class="citation cs2">Merson, M. H.; Black, R. E.; Mills, A. J., eds. (2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780763729677/page/497"><i>International Public Health: Diseases, Programs, Systems, and Policies</i></a> (2nd ed.), Boston: Jones and Barlett, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780763729677/page/497">497</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7637-2967-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7637-2967-7"><bdi>978-0-7637-2967-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=International+Public+Health%3A+Diseases%2C+Programs%2C+Systems%2C+and+Policies&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=497&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Jones+and+Barlett&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-7637-2967-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780763729677%2Fpage%2F497&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFForsythe1993" class="citation cs2">Forsythe, David P. (1993), "Choices More Ethical Than Legal: The International Committee of the Red Cross and Human Rights", <i>Ethics and International Affairs</i>, <b>7</b> (1): 139–140, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1747-7093.1993.tb00147.x">10.1111/j.1747-7093.1993.tb00147.x</a>, <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145620765">145620765</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ethics+and+International+Affairs&rft.atitle=Choices+More+Ethical+Than+Legal%3A+The+International+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross+and+Human+Rights&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=139-140&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1747-7093.1993.tb00147.x&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145620765%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Forsythe&rft.aufirst=David+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMandela2003" class="citation cs2">Mandela, Nelson (10 July 2003), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icrc.org/web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/iwpList265/C6B8A8882CDE0122C1256D67004BCA54"><i>Speech before the British Red Cross, London</i></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060720020347/http://www.icrc.org/web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/iwpList265/C6B8A8882CDE0122C1256D67004BCA54">archived</a> from the original on 20 July 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2006</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Speech+before+the+British+Red+Cross%2C+London&rft.date=2003-07-10&rft.aulast=Mandela&rft.aufirst=Nelson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icrc.org%2Fweb%2Feng%2Fsiteeng0.nsf%2FiwpList265%2FC6B8A8882CDE0122C1256D67004BCA54&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTerry2002" class="citation cs2">Terry, Fiona (2002), <i>Condemned to Repeat? The Paradox of Humanitarian Action</i>, London: Cornell University Press, p. 45, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-3960-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-3960-5"><bdi>978-0-8014-3960-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Condemned+to+Repeat%3F+The+Paradox+of+Humanitarian+Action&rft.place=London&rft.pages=45&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-8014-3960-5&rft.aulast=Terry&rft.aufirst=Fiona&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMandela2000" class="citation cs2">Mandela, Nelson (16 May 2000), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070228074749/http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0005/16/lkl.00.html"><i>Interview on Larry King Live</i></a>, CNN, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0005/16/lkl.00.html">the original</a> on 28 February 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2006</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Interview+on+Larry+King+Live&rft.pub=CNN&rft.date=2000-05-16&rft.aulast=Mandela&rft.aufirst=Nelson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftranscripts.cnn.com%2FTRANSCRIPTS%2F0005%2F16%2Flkl.00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMandela1994" class="citation cs2">Mandela, Nelson (1994), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/longwalktofreedo00mand"><i>Long Walk to Freedom</i></a>, London: Little, Brown, p. 396, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-316-54585-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-316-54585-3"><bdi>978-0-316-54585-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Long+Walk+to+Freedom&rft.place=London&rft.pages=396&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-316-54585-3&rft.aulast=Mandela&rft.aufirst=Nelson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flongwalktofreedo00mand&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Books">Books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Forsythe, David P. and B. Rieffer-Flanagan. <i>The International Committee of the Red Cross- A Neutral Humanitarian Actor</i> (Routledge, 2007)</li> <li>Forsythe, David P. <i>The Humanitarians. The International Committee of the Red Cross.</i> (2nd ed. Cambridge UP, 2005), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-61281-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-61281-0">0-521-61281-0</a></li> <li>Dunant, Henry. <i>A Memory of Solferino.</i> ICRC, Geneva 1986, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-88145-006-7" title="Special:BookSources/2-88145-006-7">2-88145-006-7</a></li> <li>Haug, Hans. <i>Humanity for all: the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.</i> Henry Dunant Institute, Geneva in association with Paul Haupt Publishers, Bern 1993, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-258-04719-7" title="Special:BookSources/3-258-04719-7">3-258-04719-7</a></li> <li>Willemin, Georges and Roger Heacock: <i>International Organization and the Evolution of World Society. Volume 2: The International Committee of the Red Cross.</i> Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Boston 1984, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-247-3064-3" title="Special:BookSources/90-247-3064-3">90-247-3064-3</a></li> <li>Pierre Boissier: <i>History of the International Committee of the Red Cross. Volume I: From Solferino to Tsushima.</i> Henry Dunant Institute, Geneva 1985, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-88044-012-2" title="Special:BookSources/2-88044-012-2">2-88044-012-2</a></li> <li>André Durand: <i>History of the International Committee of the Red Cross. Volume II: From Sarajevo to Hiroshima.</i> Henry Dunant Institute, Geneva 1984, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-88044-009-2" title="Special:BookSources/2-88044-009-2">2-88044-009-2</a></li> <li>International Committee of the Red Cross: <i>Handbook of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.</i> 13th edition, ICRC, Geneva 1994, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-88145-074-1" title="Special:BookSources/2-88145-074-1">2-88145-074-1</a></li> <li>Hutchinson, John F. <i>Champions of Charity: War and the Rise of the Red Cross.</i> Westview Press, Boulder 1997, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8133-3367-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-8133-3367-9">0-8133-3367-9</a></li> <li>Moorehead, Caroline. <i>Dunant's dream: War, Switzerland and the history of the Red Cross.</i> HarperCollins, London 1998, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-00-255141-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-00-255141-1">0-00-255141-1</a> (Hardcover edition); HarperCollins, London 1999, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-00-638883-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-00-638883-3">0-00-638883-3</a> (Paperback edition)</li> <li>François Bugnion: <i>The International Committee of the Red Cross and the protection of war victims.</i> ICRC & Macmillan (ref. 0503), Geneva 2003, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-333-74771-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-333-74771-2">0-333-74771-2</a></li> <li>Angela Bennett: <i>The Geneva Convention: The Hidden Origins of the Red Cross.</i> Sutton Publishing, Gloucestershire 2005, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7509-4147-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-7509-4147-2">0-7509-4147-2</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFavez,_Jean-Claude1999" class="citation book cs1">Favez, Jean-Claude (1999). <i>The Red Cross and the Holocaust</i>. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-41587-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-41587-3"><bdi>978-0-521-41587-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Red+Cross+and+the+Holocaust&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+UK&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-521-41587-3&rft.au=Favez%2C+Jean-Claude&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Dominique-D. Junod : "<i>The Imperiled Red Cross and the Palestine Eretz Yisrael Conflict: The Influence of Institutional Concerns on A Humanitarian Operation.</i>" 344 pages. Kegan Paul International. @ The Graduate Institute of International Studies Geneva. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7103-0519-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-7103-0519-2">0-7103-0519-2</a>, 1995.</li> <li>Dromi, Shai M. <i>Above the Fray: The Red Cross and the Making of the Humanitarian NGO Sector</i> (Univ. of Chicago Press, 2020) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780226680248" title="Special:BookSources/9780226680248">9780226680248</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles">Articles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Articles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>François Bugnion: <i>The emblem of the Red Cross: a brief history.</i> ICRC (ref. 0316), Geneva 1977</li> <li>Jean-Philippe Lavoyer, Louis Maresca: <i>The Role of the ICRC in the Development of International Humanitarian Law.</i> In: <i>International Negotiation.</i> 4(3)/1999. Brill Academic Publishers, p. 503–527, ISSN 1382-340X</li> <li>Neville Wylie: <i>The Sound of Silence: The History of the International Committee of the Red Cross as Past and Present.</i> In: <i>Diplomacy and Statecraft.</i> 13(4)/2002. Routledge/ Taylor & Francis, p. 186–204, ISSN 0959-2296</li> <li>David P. Forsythe: "The International Committee of the Red Cross and International Humanitarian Law." In: <i>Humanitäres Völkerrecht – Informationsschriften. The Journal of International Law of Peace and Armed Conflict.</i> 2/2003, German Red Cross and Institute for International Law of Peace and Armed Conflict, p. 64–77, ISSN 0937-5414</li> <li>François Bugnion: <i>Towards a comprehensive Solution to the Question of the Emblem.</i> Revised third edition. ICRC (ref. 0778), Geneva 2005</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icrc.org/Web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/html/p0790">International Committee of the Red Cross: "Discover the ICRC", ICRC, Geneva, 2007, 2nd edition, 53 pp.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100429045403/http://www.icrc.org/web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/html/p0790">Archived</a> 29 April 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.journals.cambridge.org/irc">International Review of the Red Cross</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240623064109/https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-review-of-the-red-cross">Archived</a> 23 June 2024 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> An unrivalled source of international research, analysis and debate on all aspects of humanitarian law, in armed conflict and other situations of collective violence.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:International Committee of the Red Cross">International Committee of the Red Cross</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icrc.org">International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icrc.org/eng/resources/documents/audiovisuals/video/2014/rules-of-war.htm">Rules of war (in a nutshell)</a>- vidéo</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20121220215255/http://www.legacymemorybank.org/">Legacy</a> Dr. <a href="/wiki/Cornelio_Sommaruga" title="Cornelio Sommaruga">Cornelio Sommaruga</a>, President of the ICRC from 1987 to 1999, donated four hours of high-definition audiovisual life story interviews to Legacy. 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href="/wiki/Humanitarian_principles" title="Humanitarian principles">Humanitarian principles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_humanitarian_law" title="International humanitarian law">International humanitarian law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1850s, Creation of<br />the Red Cross</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Dunant" title="Henry Dunant">Henry Dunant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Solferino" title="Battle of Solferino">Battle of Solferino</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Memory_of_Solferino" title="A Memory of Solferino">A Memory of Solferino</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement" title="International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement">Red Cross Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conventions" title="Geneva Conventions">Geneva Conventions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Humanitarian_Fact-Finding_Commission" title="International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission">International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post <a href="/wiki/WWII" class="mw-redirect" title="WWII">WWII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_Nations" title="History of the United Nations">History of the United Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_Relating_to_the_Status_of_Refugees" title="Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees">1951 Refugee Convention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">21st-century<br />reform attempts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Humanitarian_Summit" title="World Humanitarian Summit">World Humanitarian Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Bargain_(humanitarian_reform)" title="Grand Bargain (humanitarian reform)">Grand Bargain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Localisation_(humanitarian_practice)" title="Localisation (humanitarian practice)">Localisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian-Development_Nexus" title="Humanitarian-Development Nexus">Humanitarian-Development Nexus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-Agency_Standing_Committee" title="Inter-Agency Standing Committee">Inter-Agency Standing Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_Cluster_System" title="Humanitarian Cluster System">Humanitarian Cluster System</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Humanitarian<br />organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">UN agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commission_for_Refugees" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations High Commission for Refugees">UNHCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_for_the_Coordination_of_Humanitarian_Affairs" title="United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs">OCHA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Migration" title="International Organization for Migration">IOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Food_Programme" title="World Food Programme">WFP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNICEF" title="UNICEF">UNICEF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">WHO</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement" title="International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement">Red Cross Movement</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seville_Agreement" title="Seville Agreement">Seville Agreement</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">ICRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">The Federation (IFRC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="List of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">National Societies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblems_of_the_International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement" title="Emblems of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement">Protective Emblems</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_Against_Hunger" title="Action Against Hunger">Action Against Hunger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Relief_Services" title="Catholic Relief Services">Catholic Relief Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CARE_International" title="CARE International">CARE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_Refugee_Council" title="Danish Refugee Council">Danish Refugee Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Medical_Corps" title="International Medical Corps">International Medical Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Rescue_Committee" title="International Rescue Committee">International Rescue Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Relief" title="Islamic Relief">Islamic Relief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9decins_du_Monde" title="Médecins du Monde">Médecins du Monde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9decins_Sans_Fronti%C3%A8res" title="Médecins Sans Frontières">Médecins Sans Frontières</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercy_Corps" title="Mercy Corps">Mercy Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Refugee_Council" title="Norwegian Refugee Council">Norwegian Refugee Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxfam" title="Oxfam">Oxfam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardian_Girls_International" title="Guardian Girls International">Guardian Girls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Save_the_Children_International" title="Save the Children International">Save the Children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Vision_International" title="World Vision International">World Vision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koyamada_International_Foundation" title="Koyamada International Foundation">Koyamada International Foundation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Consortiums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Network_for_Empowered_Aid_Response" title="Network for Empowered Aid Response">NEAR Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CALP_Network" title="CALP Network">CALP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Refugee-Led_Network" title="Global Refugee-Led Network">Global Refugee-Led Network</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Local agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BRAC_(organisation)" title="BRAC (organisation)">BRAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adeso" title="Adeso">Adeso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_for_Refugee_Voices" title="Network for Refugee Voices">Network for Refugee Voices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemen_Relief_and_Reconstruction_Foundation" title="Yemen Relief and Reconstruction Foundation">Yemen Relief and Reconstruction Foundation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Analysis and reporting</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_Development_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Overseas Development Institute">ODI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ALNAP" title="ALNAP">ALNAP</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_State_of_the_Humanitarian_System" title="The State of the Humanitarian System">The State of the Humanitarian System</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_Humanitarian" title="The New Humanitarian">The New Humanitarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ReliefWeb" title="ReliefWeb">ReliefWeb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Humanitarian_Overview" title="Global Humanitarian Overview">Global Humanitarian Overview</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Degan_Ali" title="Degan Ali">Degan Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Egeland" title="Jan Egeland">Jan Egeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christos_Christou" title="Christos Christou">Christos Christou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winnie_Byanyima" title="Winnie Byanyima">Winnie Byanyima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Griffiths" title="Martin Griffiths">Martin Griffiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jemilah_Mahmood" title="Jemilah Mahmood">Jemilah Mahmood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Slim" title="Hugo Slim">Hugo Slim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Maurer" title="Peter Maurer">Peter Maurer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Orbinski" title="James Orbinski">James Orbinski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Kiddell-Monroe" title="Rachel Kiddell-Monroe">Rachel Kiddell-Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott">MacKenzie Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melinda_Gates" class="mw-redirect" title="Melinda Gates">Melinda Gates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamshedji_Tata" title="Jamshedji Tata">Jamshedji Tata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Bloomberg" title="Michael Bloomberg">Michael Bloomberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Buffett" title="Warren Buffett">Warren Buffett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Gates" title="Bill Gates">Bill Gates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Donors and funding</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Emergency_Response_Fund" title="Central Emergency Response Fund">CERF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Agency_for_International_Development" title="United States Agency for International Development">USAID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_International_Cooperation_Agency" title="Japan International Cooperation Agency">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign,_Commonwealth_and_Development_Office" title="Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office">FCDO (UK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Agency_for_Development_Cooperation" title="Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_European_Civil_Protection_and_Humanitarian_Aid_Operations" title="Directorate-General for European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations">ECHO (EU)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_International_Development_Agency" title="Canadian International Development Agency">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Cooperation_and_Coordination_Agency" title="Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Development_Agency" title="French Development Agency">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">OECD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_and_Melinda_Gates_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation">Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yield_Giving" title="Yield Giving">Yield Giving</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major emergencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Chinese_Famine_of_1876%E2%80%931879" title="Northern Chinese Famine of 1876–1879">Chinese Famine of 1870s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Famine_of_1876%E2%80%9378" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Famine of 1876–78">Great Indian Famine of 1870s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983%E2%80%9385_famine_in_Ethiopia" class="mw-redirect" title="1983–85 famine in Ethiopia">Ethiopian famine 1980s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake_and_tsunami" title="2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami">2004 tsunami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Haiti_earthquake" title="2010 Haiti earthquake">2010 Haiti earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_East_Africa_drought" title="2011 East Africa drought">2011 East Africa drought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Haiyan" title="Typhoon Haiyan">Typhoon Haiyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Civil_War" title="Central African Republic Civil War">Central African Republic Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_African_Ebola_virus_epidemic" class="mw-redirect" title="Western African Ebola virus epidemic">Western African Ebola outbreak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Iraq_(2013%E2%80%932017)" title="War in Iraq (2013–2017)">Iraq War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudanese_Civil_War" title="South Sudanese Civil War">South Sudanese Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohingya_genocide" title="Rohingya genocide">Rohingya genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present)" title="Yemeni civil war (2014–present)">Yemeni Civil War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Standards,<br />power, abuse</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CHS_Alliance" title="CHS Alliance">CHS Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_exploitation_and_abuse_in_humanitarian_response" title="Sexual exploitation and abuse in humanitarian response">Sexual exploitation and abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Core_Humanitarian_Standard_on_Quality_and_Accountability" title="Core Humanitarian Standard on Quality and Accountability">Core Humanitarian Standard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sphere_(organization)" title="Sphere (organization)">Sphere (organization)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sphere_Handbook" class="mw-redirect" title="Sphere Handbook">Sphere Handbook</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_State_of_the_World%27s_Cash_2020" title="The State of the World's Cash 2020">The State of the World's Cash 2020</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aid worker safety</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attacks_on_humanitarian_workers" title="Attacks on humanitarian workers">Attacks on humanitarian workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aid_Worker_Security_Database" title="Aid Worker Security Database">Aid Worker Security Database</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Humanitarian_Day" title="World Humanitarian Day">World Humanitarian Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_Care_In_Danger" title="Health Care In Danger">Health Care In Danger Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunduz_hospital_airstrike" title="Kunduz hospital airstrike">Kunduz hospital airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airstrikes_on_Yemen" title="Airstrikes on Yemen">Airstrikes on Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolo_hospital_airstrike" title="Dolo hospital airstrike">Dolo hospital airstrike</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_Rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Human Rights">Human Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_development" title="International development">International development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peacekeeping" title="Peacekeeping">Peacekeeping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neocolonialism" title="Neocolonialism">Neocolonialism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015_European_migrant_crisis" title="2015 European migrant crisis">2015 European migrant crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detention_Centres_in_Libya" class="mw-redirect" title="Detention Centres in Libya">Detention Centres in Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crisis_mapping" title="Crisis mapping">Crisis mapping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_Networks_and_Partnerships_Weeks" title="Humanitarian Networks and Partnerships Weeks">Humanitarian Networks and Partnerships Weeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="United Nations response to the COVID-19 pandemic">United Nations response to the COVID-19 pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aid_effectiveness" title="Aid effectiveness">Aid effectiveness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/16px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/24px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/32px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3002" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:World" title="Portal:World">World portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="International_human_rights_organisations_and_institutions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:International_human_rights_organizations" title="Template:International human rights organizations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:International_human_rights_organizations" title="Template talk:International human rights organizations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:International_human_rights_organizations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:International human rights organizations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="International_human_rights_organisations_and_institutions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">International <a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">human rights</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_human_rights_organisations" title="List of human rights organisations">organisations</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_human_rights_institution" title="National human rights institution">institutions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em;font-weight:normal;">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_group" title="Human rights group">Human rights group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_commission" title="Human rights commission">Human rights commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_human_rights_institution" title="National human rights institution">Human rights institutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truth_commission" title="Truth commission">Truth and reconciliation commission</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em;font-weight:normal;">International<br />institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Committee_on_the_Rights_of_the_Child" title="Committee on the Rights of the Child">Committee on the Rights of the Child</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_on_the_Rights_of_Persons_with_Disabilities" title="Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities">Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights" title="Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights">Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Committee" title="United Nations Human Rights Committee">UN Human Rights Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council" title="United Nations Human Rights Council">UN Human Rights Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">UN Security Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em;font-weight:normal;">Regional bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Commission_on_Human_and_Peoples%27_Rights" title="African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights">African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Court_on_Human_and_Peoples%27_Rights" title="African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights">African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Justice_of_the_African_Union" title="Court of Justice of the African Union">African Court of Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Court_of_Human_Rights" title="European Court of Human Rights">European Court of Human Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_the_Prevention_of_Torture" title="Committee for the Prevention of Torture">European Committee for the Prevention of Torture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Commission_on_Human_Rights" title="Inter-American Commission on Human Rights">Inter-American Commission on Human Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Court_of_Human_Rights" title="Inter-American Court of Human Rights">Inter-American Court of Human Rights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em;font-weight:normal;">Multi-lateral<br />bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Europe" title="Council of Europe">Council of Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_Democratic_Institutions_and_Human_Rights" title="Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights">Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_American_States" title="Organization of American States">Organisation of American States (OAS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees">UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_for_the_Coordination_of_Humanitarian_Affairs" title="United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs">UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Labour_Organization" title="International Labour Organization">International Labour Organization (ILO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization (WHO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_United_Nations_Programme_on_HIV/AIDS" title="Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS">Joint UN Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs" title="United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs">UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Commission_on_the_Status_of_Women" title="United Nations Commission on the Status of Women">Commission on the Status of Women (CSW)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Population_Fund" title="United Nations Population Fund">UN Population Fund (UNFPA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNICEF" title="UNICEF">UN Children's Fund (UNICEF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Fund_for_Women" title="United Nations Development Fund for Women">UN Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" title="United Nations Development Programme">UN Development Programme (UNDP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization" title="Food and Agriculture Organization">Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Settlements_Programme" title="United Nations Human Settlements Programme">UN Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em;font-weight:normal;">Major <a href="/wiki/Non-governmental_organization" title="Non-governmental organization">NGOs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_for_Human_Rights" title="International Federation for Human Rights">FIDH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_(organization)" title="Emergency (organization)">Emergency NGO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_First" title="Human Rights First">Human Rights First</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em;font-weight:normal;">ICRC – organization with<br />special status based<br />on <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conventions" title="Geneva Conventions">Geneva Conventions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Humanitarian_partners_of_the_European_Commission" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Humanitarian_partners_of_the_European_Commission" title="Template:Humanitarian partners of the European Commission"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Humanitarian_partners_of_the_European_Commission" title="Template talk:Humanitarian partners of the European Commission"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Humanitarian_partners_of_the_European_Commission" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Humanitarian partners of the European Commission"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Humanitarian_partners_of_the_European_Commission" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_aid" title="Humanitarian aid">Humanitarian</a> partners of the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow plainlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/echo/partnerships/humanitarian-partners_en">Humanitarian partners</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_European_Civil_Protection_and_Humanitarian_Aid_Operations" title="Directorate-General for European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations">DG ECHO</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">NGOs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_Against_Hunger" title="Action Against Hunger">Action Against Hunger</a> (France, Spain)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventist_Development_and_Relief_Agency" title="Adventist Development and Relief Agency">ADRA</a> (Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CARE_International" title="CARE International">CARE International</a> (Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, Netherlands, Norway)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caritas_Europa" title="Caritas Europa">Caritas Europa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Caritas_Austria" title="Caritas Austria">Austria</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caritas_Belgium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caritas Belgium (page does not exist)">Belgium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caritas_Czech_Republic" title="Caritas Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caritas_Denmark" title="Caritas Denmark">Denmark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Secours_catholique" title="Secours catholique">France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caritas_Germany" title="Caritas Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%B3caire" title="Trócaire">Ireland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caritas_Luxembourg" title="Caritas Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cordaid" title="Cordaid">Netherlands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caritas_Spain" title="Caritas Spain">Spain</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement" title="International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement">ICRC</a> (<a href="/wiki/Austrian_Red_Cross" title="Austrian Red Cross">Austria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgian_Red_Cross" title="Belgian Red Cross">Belgium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Danish_Red_Cross" title="Danish Red Cross">Denmark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Red_Cross" title="Finnish Red Cross">Finland</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_Red_Cross" title="French Red Cross">France</a>, <a href="/wiki/German_Red_Cross" title="German Red Cross">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_Red_Cross" title="Luxembourg Red Cross">Luxembourg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italian_Red_Cross" title="Italian Red Cross">Italy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netherlands_Red_Cross" title="Netherlands Red Cross">Netherlands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Red_Cross" title="Norwegian Red Cross">Norway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Red_Cross" title="Spanish Red Cross">Spain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Red_Cross" title="Swedish Red Cross">Sweden</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Relief" title="Islamic Relief">Islamic Relief</a> (Germany, Sweden)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxfam" title="Oxfam">Oxfam</a> (Belgium, Italy, Netherlands, Spain)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plan_International" title="Plan International">Plan International</a> (Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Save_the_Children" title="Save the Children">Save the Children</a> (Denmark, Finland, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solidarit%C3%A9s_international" title="Solidarités international">Solidarités international</a> (France, Spain)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOS_Children%27s_Villages" title="SOS Children's Villages">SOS Children's Villages</a> (Austria, Netherlands)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terre_des_hommes" title="Terre des hommes">Terre des hommes</a> (Italy, Netherlands)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Vision" class="mw-redirect" title="World Vision">World Vision</a> (Austria, Finland, Netherlands)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9decins_du_Monde" title="Médecins du Monde">MDM</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Veterinarians_Without_Borders&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veterinarians Without Borders (page does not exist)">VSF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_in_Need" title="People in Need">PIN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_Committee_for_Aid_to_Afghan_Refugees" title="Danish Committee for Aid to Afghan Refugees">DACAAR</a> · <a href="/wiki/DanChurchAid" title="DanChurchAid">DanChurchAid</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dansk_Folkehj%C3%A6lp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dansk Folkehjælp (page does not exist)">DPA</a> · <a href="/wiki/Danish_Refugee_Council" title="Danish Refugee Council">DRC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonian_Refugee_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estonian Refugee Council (page does not exist)">Estonian Refugee Council</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=MT%C3%9C_Mondo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MTÜ Mondo (page does not exist)">MTÜ Mondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fida_International" title="Fida International">Fida International</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kirkon_ulkomaanapu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kirkon ulkomaanapu (page does not exist)">FinnChurchAid</a> · <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Refugee_Council" title="Finnish Refugee Council">FRC</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mannerheim_League_for_Child_Welfare" title="Mannerheim League for Child Welfare">Mannerheim League for Child Welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agency_for_Technical_Cooperation_and_Development" title="Agency for Technical Cooperation and Development">ACTED</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_alliance_for_international_medical_action&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The alliance for international medical action (page does not exist)">ALIMA</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agronomes_et_v%C3%A9t%C3%A9rinaires_sans_fronti%C3%A8res&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agronomes et vétérinaires sans frontières (page does not exist)">AVSF</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Institut_Bioforce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institut Bioforce (page does not exist)">Institut Bioforce</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=La_Cha%C3%AEne_de_l%27espoir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La Chaîne de l'espoir (page does not exist)">CDE</a> · <a href="/wiki/Humanity_%26_Inclusion" title="Humanity & Inclusion">Federation Handicap</a> · <a href="/wiki/Groupe_de_Recherches_et_d%27Echanges_Technologiques" title="Groupe de Recherches et d'Echanges Technologiques">GRET</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=IMMAP_France&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IMMAP France (page does not exist)">iMMAP</a> · <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9decins_du_Monde" title="Médecins du Monde">MDM</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%92uvre_d%27Orient&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Œuvre d'Orient (page does not exist)">Œuvre d'Orient</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Premi%C3%A8re_Urgence_Internationale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Première Urgence Internationale (page does not exist)">PUI</a> · <a href="/wiki/Relief_International" title="Relief International">Relief International</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Secours_islamique_France&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Secours islamique France (page does not exist)">Secours Islamique</a> · <a href="/wiki/Secours_populaire_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Secours populaire français">SPF</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Triangle_G%C3%A9n%C3%A9ration_humanitaire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Triangle Génération humanitaire (page does not exist)">Triangle</a> · <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9l%C3%A9coms_Sans_Fronti%C3%A8res" title="Télécoms Sans Frontières">TSF</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arche_noVa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arche noVa (page does not exist)">arche noVa</a> · <a href="/wiki/Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund_Deutschland" title="Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund Deutschland">ASB</a> · <a href="/wiki/Diakonie_Deutschland" title="Diakonie Deutschland">Diakonie Deutschland</a> · <a href="/wiki/Johanniter-Unfall-Hilfe" title="Johanniter-Unfall-Hilfe">Die Johanniter</a> · <a href="/wiki/Welthungerhilfe" title="Welthungerhilfe">GAC</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Help_%E2%80%93_Hilfe_zur_Selbsthilfe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help – Hilfe zur Selbsthilfe (page does not exist)">HELP</a> · <a href="/wiki/International_Rescue_Committee" title="International Rescue Committee">International Rescue Committee</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malteser_Hilfsdienst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malteser Hilfsdienst (page does not exist)">Malteser Hilfsdienst</a> · <a href="/wiki/Medair" title="Medair">Medair</a> · <a href="/wiki/Medico_International" title="Medico International">MI</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sign_of_Hope&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sign of Hope (page does not exist)">Sign of Hope</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Veterinarians_Without_Borders&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veterinarians Without Borders (page does not exist)">VSF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concern_Worldwide" title="Concern Worldwide">Concern Worldwide</a> · <a href="/wiki/GOAL_(organization)" class="mw-redirect" title="GOAL (organization)">GOAL</a> · <a href="/wiki/Self_Help_Africa" title="Self Help Africa">SHA</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%B3caire" title="Trócaire">Trócaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ActionAid" title="ActionAid">ActionAid</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Associazione_Italiana_per_la_Solidariet%C3%A0_tra_i_Popoli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Associazione Italiana per la Solidarietà tra i Popoli (page does not exist)">AISPO</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=AVSI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AVSI (page does not exist)">AVSI</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cesvi" title="Cesvi">Cesvi</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Comitato_Internazionale_per_lo_Sviluppo_dei_Popoli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Comitato Internazionale per lo Sviluppo dei Popoli (page does not exist)">CISP</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cooperazione_Internazionale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cooperazione Internazionale (page does not exist)">COOPI</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fondazione_Opera_San_Francesco_Saverio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fondazione Opera San Francesco Saverio (page does not exist)">CUAMM</a> · <a href="/wiki/Emergency_(organization)" title="Emergency (organization)">Emergency</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fondazione_L%27Albero_della_Vita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fondazione L'Albero della Vita (page does not exist)">FADV</a> · <a href="/wiki/Intersos" title="Intersos">INTERSOS</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Servizio_Dei_Gesuiti_per_l_Rifugiati&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Servizio Dei Gesuiti per l Rifugiati (page does not exist)">JRS</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=LVIA-Associazione_Internazionale_Volontari_Laici&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LVIA-Associazione Internazionale Volontari Laici (page does not exist)">LVIA</a> · <a href="/wiki/Un_Ponte_Per" title="Un Ponte Per">Un Ponte Per</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Volontariato_Internazionale_per_lo_Sviluppo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volontariato Internazionale per lo Sviluppo (page does not exist)">VIS</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=WeWorld&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WeWorld (page does not exist)">WeWorld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cordaid" title="Cordaid">Cordaid</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorcas_Aid_International&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dorcas Aid International (page does not exist)">DAI</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=HealthNet_TPO&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HealthNet TPO (page does not exist)">HNTPO</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_NGO_Safety_Organisation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International NGO Safety Organisation (page does not exist)">INSO</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mercy_Corps" title="Mercy Corps">Mercy Corps</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_een_Kind&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red een Kind (page does not exist)">REK</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stichting_Vluchteling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stichting Vluchteling (page does not exist)">Stichting Vluchteling</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tearfund" title="Tearfund">Tearfund Netherlands</a> · <a href="/wiki/War_Child_(charity)" title="War Child (charity)">War Child Netherlands</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=ZOA_(organization)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ZOA (organization) (page does not exist)">ZOA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Church_Aid" title="Norwegian Church Aid">NCA</a> · <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_People%27s_Aid" title="Norwegian People's Aid">NPA</a> · <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Refugee_Council" title="Norwegian Refugee Council">NRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Humanitarian_Action" title="Polish Humanitarian Action">PAH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Funda%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Aga_Khan_Portugal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fundação Aga Khan Portugal (page does not exist)">AKF PRT</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asamblea_de_Cooperaci%C3%B3n_por_la_Paz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asamblea de Cooperación por la Paz (page does not exist)">ACPP</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ayuda_en_Acci%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ayuda en Acción (page does not exist)">Ayuda en Acción</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fundaci%C3%B3n_Educaci%C3%B3n_y_Cooperaci%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fundación Educación y Cooperación (page does not exist)">EDUCO</a> · <a href="/wiki/Entreculturas" title="Entreculturas">Entreculturas</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Farmac%C3%A9uticos_Mundi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Farmacéuticos Mundi (page does not exist)">Farmacéuticos Mundi</a> · <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9decins_du_Monde" title="Médecins du Monde">MDM</a> · <a href="/wiki/Medicus_Mundi_International" title="Medicus Mundi International">Medicus Mundi</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Movimiento_Por_La_Paz,_el_Desarme_y_la_Libertad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Movimiento Por La Paz, el Desarme y la Libertad (page does not exist)">MPDL</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fundaci%C3%B3n_Mundubat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fundación Mundubat (page does not exist)">Mundubat</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Solidaridad_Internacional_Andalucia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solidaridad Internacional Andalucia (page does not exist)">SIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Sweden" title="Church of Sweden">COS</a> · <a href="/wiki/Diakonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Diakonia">Diakonia</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A4karmissionen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Läkarmissionen (page does not exist)">Läkarmissionen</a> · <a href="/wiki/PMU_Interlife" class="mw-redirect" title="PMU Interlife">PMU Interlife</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=SWEDO_-_The_Swedish_Development_Aid_Organization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SWEDO - The Swedish Development Aid Organization (page does not exist)">SWEDO</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">ICRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">IFRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization" title="Food and Agriculture Organization">FAO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Labour_Organization" title="International Labour Organization">ILO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Migration" title="International Organization for Migration">IOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_the_Coordination_of_Humanitarian_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs">OCHA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_UN_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights">OHCHR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_American_Health_Organization" title="Pan American Health Organization">PAHO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" title="United Nations Development Programme">UNDP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNDP_Multi_Partner_Trust_Fund_Office&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UNDP Multi Partner Trust Fund Office (page does not exist)">UNDP MPTFO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_for_Disaster_Risk_Reduction" title="United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction">UNDRR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacific" title="United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific">UNESCAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNICEF" title="UNICEF">UNICEF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Population_Fund" title="United Nations Population Fund">UNFPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Settlements_Programme" title="United Nations Human Settlements Programme">UN-HABITAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees">UNHCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mine_Action_Service" title="United Nations Mine Action Service">UNMAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_on_Drugs_and_Crime" title="United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime">UNODC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_for_Project_Services" title="United Nations Office for Project Services">UNOPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNRWA" title="UNRWA">UNRWA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Office_of_the_United_Nations_Security_Coordinator&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Office of the United Nations Security Coordinator (page does not exist)">UNSECOORD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UN_Women" title="UN Women">UN Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Food_Programme" title="World Food Programme">WFP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">WHO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Agency_for_International_Development_Cooperation" title="Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation">AECID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Civil_Protection_and_Emergencies" title="Directorate-General for Civil Protection and Emergencies">DGPCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_Emergency_Management_Agency" title="Danish Emergency Management Agency">DEMA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Direction_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale_de_la_s%C3%A9curit%C3%A9_civile_et_de_la_gestion_de_crise&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Direction générale de la sécurité civile et de la gestion de crise (page does not exist)">DGSCGC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protezione_Civile" title="Protezione Civile">Protezione Civile</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enabel_-_Belgian_development_agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enabel - Belgian development agency (page does not exist)">Enabel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agence_Fran%C3%A7aise_d%27expertise_Technique_international&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agence Française d'expertise Technique international (page does not exist)">Expertise France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Gesellschaft_f%C3%BCr_Internationale_Zusammenarbeit" title="Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit">GIZ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Secretariat_for_Civil_Protection&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Secretariat for Civil Protection (page does not exist)">GSCP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungary_Helps_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hungary Helps Agency (page does not exist)">Hungary Helps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITF_Enhancing_Human_Security" title="ITF Enhancing Human Security">ITF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Civil_Contingencies_Agency" title="Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency">MSB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technisches_Hilfswerk" title="Technisches Hilfswerk">THW</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/32px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/48px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/64px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:European_Union" title="Portal:European Union">European Union portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Red_Cross_Red_Crescent_Movement" title="Template:Red Cross Red Crescent Movement"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Red_Cross_Red_Crescent_Movement" title="Template talk:Red Cross Red Crescent Movement"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Red_Cross_Red_Crescent_Movement" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Red Cross Red Crescent Movement"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement" title="International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement">International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Red_Crescent.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Red_Crescent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Red_Crescent.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Red_Crescent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Red_Crescent.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Red_Crescent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_the_Red_Crystal.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Red_Crystal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_the_Red_Crystal.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Red_Crystal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_the_Red_Crystal.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Red_Crystal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="International_Organisations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">International Organisations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">International Committee of the Red Cross</a> (ICRC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies</a> (IFRC)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="National_Societies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="List of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">National Societies</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:33%;"><div> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan"><img alt="Afghanistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Afghan_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Afghan Red Crescent Society">Afghanistan</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania"><img alt="Albania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/42px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Red_Cross" title="Albanian Red Cross">Albania</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria"><img alt="Algeria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Algerian_Red_Crescent" title="Algerian Red Crescent">Algeria</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra"><img alt="Andorra" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/22px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/33px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/43px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Andorran_Red_Cross" title="Andorran Red Cross">Andorra</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola"><img alt="Angola" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/23px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/35px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/45px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Angola_Red_Cross" title="Angola Red Cross">Angola</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda"><img alt="Antigua and Barbuda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antigua_and_Barbuda_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antigua and Barbuda Red Cross (page does not exist)">Antigua and Barbuda</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina"><img alt="Argentina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Argentine_Red_Cross" title="Argentine Red Cross">Argentina</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia"><img alt="Armenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Red_Cross_Society" title="Armenian Red Cross Society">Armenia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Australian_Red_Cross" title="Australian Red Cross">Australia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Red_Cross" title="Austrian Red Cross">Austria</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan"><img alt="Azerbaijan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Azerbaijan Red Crescent Society">Azerbaijan</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas"><img alt="The Bahamas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Bahamas_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Bahamas Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">The Bahamas</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain"><img alt="Bahrain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bahrain_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Bahrain Red Crescent Society">Bahrain</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh"><img alt="Bangladesh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Bangladesh Red Crescent Society">Bangladesh</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados"><img alt="Barbados" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/23px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/35px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/45px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Barbados_Red_Cross_Society" title="Barbados Red Cross Society">Barbados</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus"><img alt="Belarus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Belarus_Red_Cross" title="Belarus Red Cross">Belarus</a> (suspended) <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Belgian_Red_Cross" title="Belgian Red Cross">Belgium</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize"><img alt="Belize" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Belize_Red_Cross_Society" title="Belize Red Cross Society">Belize</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin"><img alt="Benin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/23px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/35px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/45px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_of_Benin" title="Red Cross of Benin">Benin</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan"><img alt="Bhutan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Flag_of_Bhutan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bhutan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Flag_of_Bhutan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bhutan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Flag_of_Bhutan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Bhutan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bhutan_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bhutan Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Bhutan</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia"><img alt="Bolivia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/34px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bolivian_Red_Cross" title="Bolivian Red Cross">Bolivia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina"><img alt="Bosnia and Herzegovina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_Society_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Red Cross Society of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana"><img alt="Botswana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Botswana_Red_Cross_Society" title="Botswana Red Cross Society">Botswana</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil"><img alt="Brazil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Red_Cross" title="Brazilian Red Cross">Brazil</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei"><img alt="Brunei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Brunei_Darussalam_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Brunei Darussalam Red Crescent Society">Brunei</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Red_Cross" title="Bulgarian Red Cross">Bulgaria</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso"><img alt="Burkina Faso" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/23px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/35px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/45px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Burkinabe_Red_Cross_Society" title="Burkinabe Red Cross Society">Burkina Faso</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi"><img alt="Burundi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/46px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Burundi_Red_Cross" title="Burundi Red Cross">Burundi</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia"><img alt="Cambodia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cambodian_Red_Cross" title="Cambodian Red Cross">Cambodia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon"><img alt="Cameroon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cameroon_Red_Cross_Society" title="Cameroon Red Cross Society">Cameroon</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Red_Cross" title="Canadian Red Cross">Canada</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde"><img alt="Cape Verde" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_of_Cape_Verde" title="Red Cross of Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic"><img alt="Central African Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Red_Cross_Society" title="Central African Red Cross Society">Central African Republic</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad"><img alt="Chad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_of_Chad" title="Red Cross of Chad">Chad</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile"><img alt="Chile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chilean Red Cross (page does not exist)">Chile</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruz_Roja_Chilena" class="extiw" title="es:Cruz Roja Chilena">es</a>]</span> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_Society_of_China" title="Red Cross Society of China">China</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia"><img alt="Colombia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Colombian_Red_Cross" title="Colombian Red Cross">Colombia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros"><img alt="Comoros" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/The_Comoros_Red_Crescent" title="The Comoros Red Crescent">Comoros</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo"><img alt="Republic of the Congo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Congolese_Red_Cross_(Republic_of_the_Congo)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Congolese Red Cross (Republic of the Congo) (page does not exist)">Congo</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croce_Rossa_congolese" class="extiw" title="it:Croce Rossa congolese">it</a>]</span> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo"><img alt="Democratic Republic of the Congo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/31px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Red Cross of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo, Democratic Republic of the</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands"><img alt="Cook Islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cook_Islands_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cook Islands Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Cook Islands</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica"><img alt="Costa Rica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Costa_Rican_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Costa Rican Red Cross (page does not exist)">Costa Rica</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruz_Roja_Costarricense" class="extiw" title="es:Cruz Roja Costarricense">es</a>]</span> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast"><img alt="Ivory Coast" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/23px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/35px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/45px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of Côte d'Ivoire (page does not exist)">Côte d'Ivoire</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Red_Cross" title="Croatian Red Cross">Croatia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba"><img alt="Cuba" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cuban_Red_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuban Red Cross">Cuba</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruz_Roja_Cubana" class="extiw" title="es:Cruz Roja Cubana">es</a>]</span> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Red_Cross" title="Cyprus Red Cross">Cyprus</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Czech_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Czech Red Cross (page does not exist)">Czech Republic</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Danish_Red_Cross" title="Danish Red Cross">Denmark</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti"><img alt="Djibouti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/23px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/35px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/45px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Crescent_Society_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Crescent Society of Djibouti (page does not exist)">Djibouti</a> <br /> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:33%;"><div> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica"><img alt="Dominica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Dominica_Red_Cross_Society" title="Dominica Red Cross Society">Dominica</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic"><img alt="Dominican Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Red_Cross" title="Dominican Red Cross">Dominican Republic</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador"><img alt="Ecuador" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ecuadorian_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ecuadorian Red Cross (page does not exist)">Ecuador</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruz_Roja_Ecuatoriana" class="extiw" title="es:Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana">es</a>]</span> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt"><img alt="Egypt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Egyptian Red Crescent Society">Egypt</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador"><img alt="El Salvador" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/23px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/35px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/46px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1005" data-file-height="567" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvadorean_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salvadorean Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">El Salvador</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea"><img alt="Equatorial Guinea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/45px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_of_Equatorial_Guinea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross of Equatorial Guinea (page does not exist)">Equatorial Guinea</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea"><img alt="Eritrea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/46px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_Eritrea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of Eritrea (page does not exist)">Eritrea</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Red_Cross" title="Estonian Red Cross">Estonia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini"><img alt="Eswatini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/23px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/35px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/45px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baphalali_Eswatini_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baphalali Eswatini Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Eswatini</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia"><img alt="Ethiopia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Red_Cross_Society" title="Ethiopian Red Cross Society">Ethiopia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji"><img alt="Fiji" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/23px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/35px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/46px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Fiji_Red_Cross_Society" title="Fiji Red Cross Society">Fiji</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Red_Cross" title="Finnish Red Cross">Finland</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/French_Red_Cross" title="French Red Cross">France</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon"><img alt="Gabon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/20px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/31px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabonese_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gabonese Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Gabon</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia"><img alt="The Gambia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/23px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/35px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/45px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gambia_Red_Cross_Society" title="Gambia Red Cross Society">Gambia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)"><img alt="Georgia (country)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_Georgia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of Georgia (page does not exist)">Georgia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/German_Red_Cross" title="German Red Cross">Germany</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana"><img alt="Ghana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ghana_Red_Cross_Society" title="Ghana Red Cross Society">Ghana</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Red_Cross" title="Hellenic Red Cross">Greece</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada"><img alt="Grenada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/23px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/35px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/46px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grenada Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Grenada</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala"><img alt="Guatemala" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_Red_Cross" title="Guatemalan Red Cross">Guatemala</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea"><img alt="Guinea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/45px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_Guinea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of Guinea (page does not exist)">Guinea</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau"><img alt="Guinea-Bissau" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_Guinea-Bissau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of Guinea-Bissau (page does not exist)">Guinea-Bissau</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana"><img alt="Guyana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guyana_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guyana Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Guyana</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti"><img alt="Haiti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/23px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/35px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/46px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haiti_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haiti Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Haiti</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras"><img alt="Honduras" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/23px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/35px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/46px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Honduran_Red_Cross" title="Honduran Red Cross">Honduras</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hungarian Red Cross (page does not exist)">Hungary</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland"><img alt="Iceland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/21px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/42px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Icelandic_Red_Cross" title="Icelandic Red Cross">Iceland</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Indian_Red_Cross_Society" title="Indian Red Cross Society">India</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia"><img alt="Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Red_Cross_Society" title="Indonesian Red Cross Society">Indonesia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran"><img alt="Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Iranian Red Crescent Society">Iran</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq"><img alt="Iraq" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/45px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Iraqi Red Crescent Society">Iraq</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Irish_Red_Cross_Society" title="Irish Red Cross Society">Ireland</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"><img alt="Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Magen_David_Adom" title="Magen David Adom">Israel</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Italian_Red_Cross" title="Italian Red Cross">Italy</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica"><img alt="Jamaica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Red_Cross" title="Jamaica Red Cross">Jamaica</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Red_Cross_Society" title="Japanese Red Cross Society">Japan</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan"><img alt="Jordan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jordan_National_Red_Crescent_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jordan National Red Crescent Society (page does not exist)">Jordan</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan"><img alt="Kazakhstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazakh_Red_Crescent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kazakh Red Crescent (page does not exist)">Kazakhstan</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya"><img alt="Kenya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kenya_Red_Cross_Society" title="Kenya Red Cross Society">Kenya</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati"><img alt="Kiribati" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kiribati.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kiribati.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kiribati.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kiribati.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kiribati.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kiribati.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kiribati_Red_Cross_Society" title="Kiribati Red Cross Society">Kiribati</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea"><img alt="North Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_Society_of_the_Democratic_People%27s_Republic_of_Korea" title="Red Cross Society of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea">Korea, North</a><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Korean_Red_Cross" title="Korean Red Cross">Korea, South</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait"><img alt="Kuwait" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kuwait_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Kuwait Red Crescent Society">Kuwait</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan"><img alt="Kyrgyzstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Crescent_Society_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Crescent Society of Kyrgyzstan (page does not exist)">Kyrgyzstan</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos"><img alt="Laos" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/23px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/35px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/45px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lao_Red_Cross_Society" title="Lao Red Cross Society">Laos</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Latvian_Red_Cross" title="Latvian Red Cross">Latvia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon"><img alt="Lebanon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Red_Cross" title="Lebanese Red Cross">Lebanon</a> <br /> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:33%;"><div> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho"><img alt="Lesotho" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lesotho_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lesotho Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Lesotho</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia"><img alt="Liberia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberian_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberian Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Liberia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya"><img alt="Libya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/23px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/35px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/46px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Libyan_Red_Crescent" class="mw-redirect" title="Libyan Red Crescent">Libya</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein"><img alt="Liechtenstein" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/23px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/35px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/46px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein_Red_Cross" title="Liechtenstein Red Cross">Liechtenstein</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Red_Cross_Society" title="Lithuanian Red Cross Society">Lithuania</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_Red_Cross" title="Luxembourg Red Cross">Luxembourg</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar"><img alt="Madagascar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malagasy_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malagasy Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Madagascar</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi"><img alt="Malawi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malawi_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malawi Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Malawi</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia"><img alt="Malaysia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Malaysian Red Crescent Society">Malaysia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives"><img alt="Maldives" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/23px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/35px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/45px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Maldivian_Red_Crescent" title="Maldivian Red Crescent">Maldives</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali"><img alt="Mali" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mali_Red_Cross" title="Mali Red Cross">Mali</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malta_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malta Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Malta</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands" title="Marshall Islands"><img alt="Marshall Islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marshall_Islands_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marshall Islands Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Marshall Islands</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania"><img alt="Mauritania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mauritanian_Red_Crescent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mauritanian Red Crescent (page does not exist)">Mauritania</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius"><img alt="Mauritius" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mauritius_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mauritius Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Mauritius</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"><img alt="Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Red_Cross" title="Mexican Red Cross">Mexico</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia"><img alt="Federated States of Micronesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Micronesia_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Micronesia Red Cross (page does not exist)">Micronesia, Federated States of</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova"><img alt="Moldova" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/23px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/35px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/46px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_the_Republic_of_Moldova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of the Republic of Moldova (page does not exist)">Moldova</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco"><img alt="Monaco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Monaco.svg/19px-Flag_of_Monaco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Monaco.svg/29px-Flag_of_Monaco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Monaco.svg/38px-Flag_of_Monaco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_of_Monaco" title="Red Cross of Monaco">Monaco</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia"><img alt="Mongolia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Red_Cross_Society" title="Mongolian Red Cross Society">Mongolia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro"><img alt="Montenegro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/35px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/46px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_of_Montenegro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross of Montenegro (page does not exist)">Montenegro</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco"><img alt="Morocco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moroccan_Red_Crescent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moroccan Red Crescent (page does not exist)">Morocco</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique"><img alt="Mozambique" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mozambique_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mozambique Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Mozambique</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar"><img alt="Myanmar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Myanmar_Red_Cross_Society" title="Myanmar Red Cross Society">Myanmar</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia"><img alt="Namibia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Namibia_Red_Cross_Society" title="Namibia Red Cross Society">Namibia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal"><img alt="Nepal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/16px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/25px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="885" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nepal_Red_Cross_Society" title="Nepal Red Cross Society">Nepal</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands_Red_Cross" title="Netherlands Red Cross">Netherlands</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand"><img alt="New Zealand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Red_Cross" title="New Zealand Red Cross">New Zealand</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua"><img alt="Nicaragua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nicaraguan_Red_Cross" title="Nicaraguan Red Cross">Nicaragua</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger"><img alt="Niger" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/18px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/27px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/35px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_Society_of_Niger" title="Red Cross Society of Niger">Niger</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria"><img alt="Nigeria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Red_Cross_Society" title="Nigerian Red Cross Society">Nigeria</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia"><img alt="North Macedonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_of_the_Republic_of_North_Macedonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross of the Republic of North Macedonia (page does not exist)">North Macedonia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Red_Cross" title="Norwegian Red Cross">Norway</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan"><img alt="Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Pakistan Red Crescent Society">Pakistan</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau"><img alt="Palau" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Palau_Red_Cross_Society" title="Palau Red Cross Society">Palau</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine"><img alt="State of Palestine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Palestine_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Palestine Red Crescent Society">Palestine</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama"><img alt="Panama" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/23px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/35px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/45px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_Panama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of Panama (page does not exist)">Panama</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea"><img alt="Papua New Guinea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/31px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea_Red_Cross_Society" title="Papua New Guinea Red Cross Society">Papua New Guinea</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay"><img alt="Paraguay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/46px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="660" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paraguayan_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paraguayan Red Cross (page does not exist)">Paraguay</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru"><img alt="Peru" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peruvian_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peruvian Red Cross (page does not exist)">Peru</a> (suspended) <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines"><img alt="Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Red_Cross" title="Philippine Red Cross">Philippines</a><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Polish_Red_Cross" title="Polish Red Cross">Poland</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Portuguese_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portuguese Red Cross (page does not exist)">Portugal</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruz_Vermelha_Portuguesa" class="extiw" title="pt:Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa">pt</a>]</span> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar"><img alt="Qatar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/46px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="550" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Qatar_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Qatar Red Crescent Society">Qatar</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republika_Srpska" title="Republika Srpska"><img alt="Republika Srpska" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_of_Republika_Srpska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross of Republika Srpska (page does not exist)">Republika Srpska</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Romanian_Red_Cross" title="Romanian Red Cross">Romania</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Red_Cross_Society" title="Russian Red Cross Society">Russia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda"><img alt="Rwanda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rwandan_Red_Cross" title="Rwandan Red Cross">Rwanda</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis"><img alt="Saint Kitts and Nevis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis_Red_Cross_Society" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis Red Cross Society">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a> <br /> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:33%;"><div> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia"><img alt="Saint Lucia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia_Red_Cross" title="Saint Lucia Red Cross">Saint Lucia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"><img alt="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Red Cross (page does not exist)">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa"><img alt="Samoa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/23px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/35px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/46px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Samoa_Red_Cross_Society" title="Samoa Red Cross Society">Samoa</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/San_Marino" title="San Marino"><img alt="San Marino" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/20px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/31px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/40px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_of_the_Republic_of_San_Marino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross of the Republic of San Marino (page does not exist)">San Marino</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe"><img alt="São Tomé and Príncipe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/23px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/35px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/46px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe_Red_Cross" title="São Tomé and Príncipe Red Cross">São Tomé and Príncipe</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia"><img alt="Saudi Arabia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Red_Crescent_Authority" title="Saudi Red Crescent Authority">Saudi Arabia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal"><img alt="Senegal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Senegalese_Red_Cross_Society" title="Senegalese Red Cross Society">Senegal</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia"><img alt="Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_of_Serbia" title="Red Cross of Serbia">Serbia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles"><img alt="Seychelles" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/23px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/35px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/46px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seychelles Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Seychelles</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone"><img alt="Sierra Leone" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/45px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone_Red_Cross_Society" title="Sierra Leone Red Cross Society">Sierra Leone</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore"><img alt="Singapore" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Singapore_Red_Cross_Society" title="Singapore Red Cross Society">Singapore</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slovak_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slovak Red Cross (page does not exist)">Slovakia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Red_Cross" title="Slovenian Red Cross">Slovenia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands"><img alt="Solomon Islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Solomon_Islands_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Solomon Islands Red Cross (page does not exist)">Solomon Islands</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia"><img alt="Somalia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Somali_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Somali Red Crescent Society">Somalia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa"><img alt="South Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_South_African_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The South African Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">South Africa</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan"><img alt="South Sudan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/46px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="570" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Sudan_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="South Sudan Red Cross (page does not exist)">South Sudan</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Red_Cross" title="Spanish Red Cross">Spain</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka"><img alt="Sri Lanka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Sri_Lanka_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Sri Lanka Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Sri Lanka</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan"><img alt="Sudan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sudanese_Red_Crescent" title="Sudanese Red Crescent">Sudan</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname"><img alt="Suriname" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/23px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/35px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/45px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriname_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suriname Red Cross (page does not exist)">Suriname</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Red_Cross" title="Swedish Red Cross">Sweden</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland"><img alt="Switzerland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Red_Cross" title="Swiss Red Cross">Switzerland</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria"><img alt="Syria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Arab_Red_Crescent" title="Syrian Arab Red Crescent">Syria</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan"><img alt="Taiwan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_Society_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Red Cross Society of the Republic of China">Taiwan (Republic of China)</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan"><img alt="Tajikistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Red_Crescent_Society_of_Tajikistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Crescent Society of Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania"><img alt="Tanzania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tanzania_Red_Cross_National_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tanzania Red Cross National Society (page does not exist)">Tanzania</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand"><img alt="Thailand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Thai_Red_Cross_Society" title="Thai Red Cross Society">Thailand</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/East_Timor" title="East Timor"><img alt="East Timor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Timor_Leste_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timor Leste Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Timor-Leste</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo"><img alt="Togo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Togolese_Red_Cross" title="Togolese Red Cross">Togo</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga"><img alt="Tonga" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tonga_Red_Cross_Society" title="Tonga Red Cross Society">Tonga</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago"><img alt="Trinidad and Tobago" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/23px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/35px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/46px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago_Red_Cross_Society" title="Trinidad and Tobago Red Cross Society">Trinidad and Tobago</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia"><img alt="Tunisia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tunisian_Red_Crescent" title="Tunisian Red Crescent">Tunisia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Red_Crescent" title="Turkish Red Crescent">Turkey</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan"><img alt="Turkmenistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Red_Crescent_Society_of_Turkmenistan" title="Red Crescent Society of Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu"><img alt="Tuvalu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tuvalu_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tuvalu Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Tuvalu</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda"><img alt="Uganda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Uganda_Red_Cross_Society" title="Uganda Red Cross Society">Uganda</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Red_Cross_Society" title="Ukrainian Red Cross Society">Ukraine</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates"><img alt="United Arab Emirates" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Red_Crescent_Society_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Red Crescent Society of the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/British_Red_Cross" title="British Red Cross">United Kingdom</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/American_Red_Cross" title="American Red Cross">United States</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay"><img alt="Uruguay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/45px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Uruguayan_Red_Cross" title="Uruguayan Red Cross">Uruguay</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan"><img alt="Uzbekistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Crescent_Society_of_Uzbekistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Crescent Society of Uzbekistan (page does not exist)">Uzbekistan</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu"><img alt="Vanuatu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/46px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Vanuatu_Red_Cross_Society" title="Vanuatu Red Cross Society">Vanuatu</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela"><img alt="Venezuela" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/23px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/35px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/45px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Venezuelan_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Venezuelan Red Cross (page does not exist)">Venezuela</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam"><img alt="Vietnam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Viet_Nam_Red_Cross_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Viet Nam Red Cross Society">Viet Nam</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen"><img alt="Yemen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/45px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Yemen_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Yemen Red Crescent Society">Yemen</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia"><img alt="Zambia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Zambia_Red_Cross_Society" title="Zambia Red Cross Society">Zambia</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe"><img alt="Zimbabwe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/46px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe_Red_Cross_Society" title="Zimbabwe Red Cross Society">Zimbabwe</a> <br /> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Non-members_and_affiliate_societies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Non-members and affiliate societies</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:33%;"><div> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia"><img alt="Abkhazia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of the Republic of Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(no-member)</span> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Northern Cyprus"><img alt="Northern Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/North_Cyprus_Red_Crescent_Society" title="North Cyprus Red Crescent Society">Cyprus, North</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(non-member)</span> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong"><img alt="Hong Kong" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/45px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Red_Cross" title="Hong Kong Red Cross">Hong Kong</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(autonomous branch of the <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_Society_of_China" title="Red Cross Society of China">RCSC</a>)</span><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo"><img alt="Kosovo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/21px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/32px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/42px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_of_Kosovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross of Kosovo (page does not exist)">Kosovo</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(non-member)</span><br /> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:33%;"><div> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau"><img alt="Macau" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/23px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/35px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/45px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Macau_Red_Cross" title="Macau Red Cross">Macau</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(autonomous branch of the <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_Society_of_China" title="Red Cross Society of China">RCSC</a>)</span><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman"><img alt="Oman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/46px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oman_Red_Crescent_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oman Red Crescent Society (page does not exist)">Oman</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(non-member)</span> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia"><img alt="South Ossetia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/46px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_the_Republic_of_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of the Republic of South Ossetia (page does not exist)">Ossetia, South</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(non-member)</span><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic"><img alt="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sahrawi_Red_Crescent" title="Sahrawi Red Crescent">SADR</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(pending recognition and admission)</span> <br /> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:33%;"><div> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland"><img alt="Somaliland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Somaliland_Red_Crescent_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Somaliland Red Crescent Society (page does not exist)">Somaliland</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(non-member)</span> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan"><img alt="Taiwan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_Society_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Red Cross Society of the Republic of China">Taiwan</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(former member)</span><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Transnistria" title="Transnistria"><img alt="Transnistria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_the_Pridnestrovian_Moldavian_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (page does not exist)">Transnistria</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(non-member)</span><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City"><img alt="Vatican City" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_the_Vatican_City_State&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of the Vatican City State (page does not exist)">Vatican City</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(autonomous branch of the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Red_Cross" title="Italian Red Cross">Italian Red Cross</a>)</span> <br /> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nobel_Peace_Prize_laureates" title="Template:Nobel Peace Prize laureates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nobel_Peace_Prize_laureates" title="Template talk:Nobel Peace Prize laureates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nobel_Peace_Prize_laureates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nobel Peace Prize laureates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Laureates_of_the_Nobel_Peace_Prize" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_Peace_Prize_laureates" title="List of Nobel Peace Prize laureates">Laureates</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1901–1925</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1901_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1901 Nobel Peace Prize">1901</a>: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Dunant" title="Henry Dunant">Henry Dunant</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Passy" title="Frédéric Passy">Frédéric Passy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1902: <a href="/wiki/%C3%89lie_Ducommun" title="Élie Ducommun">Élie Ducommun</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_Albert_Gobat" title="Charles Albert Gobat">Charles Gobat</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1903: <a href="/wiki/Randal_Cremer" title="Randal Cremer">Randal Cremer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1904: <a href="/wiki/Institut_de_Droit_International" title="Institut de Droit International">Institut de Droit International</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1905: <a href="/wiki/Bertha_von_Suttner" title="Bertha von Suttner">Bertha von Suttner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1906: <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1907: <a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Teodoro_Moneta" title="Ernesto Teodoro Moneta">Ernesto Moneta</a> / <a href="/wiki/Louis_Renault_(jurist)" title="Louis Renault (jurist)">Louis Renault</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1908: <a href="/wiki/Klas_Pontus_Arnoldson" title="Klas Pontus Arnoldson">Klas Arnoldson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fredrik_Bajer" title="Fredrik Bajer">Fredrik Bajer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1909: <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Beernaert" title="Auguste Beernaert">A. M. F. Beernaert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Henri_Balluet_d%27Estournelles_de_Constant" title="Paul Henri Balluet d'Estournelles de Constant">Paul Estournelles de Constant</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1910: <a href="/wiki/International_Peace_Bureau" title="International Peace Bureau">International Peace Bureau</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1911: <a href="/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser">Tobias Asser</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hermann_Fried" title="Alfred Hermann Fried">Alfred Fried</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1912: <a href="/wiki/Elihu_Root" title="Elihu Root">Elihu Root</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1913: <a href="/wiki/Henri_La_Fontaine" title="Henri La Fontaine">Henri La Fontaine</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1914</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1915</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1916</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1917: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">International Committee of the Red Cross</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1918</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1919: <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1920: <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Bourgeois" title="Léon Bourgeois">Léon Bourgeois</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1921: <a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Branting" title="Hjalmar Branting">Hjalmar Branting</a> / <a href="/wiki/Christian_Lous_Lange" title="Christian Lous Lange">Christian Lange</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1922: <a href="/wiki/Fridtjof_Nansen" title="Fridtjof Nansen">Fridtjof Nansen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1923</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1924</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1925: <a href="/wiki/Austen_Chamberlain" title="Austen Chamberlain">Austen Chamberlain</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_G._Dawes" title="Charles G. Dawes">Charles Dawes</a></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/80px-Nobel_Prize.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/120px-Nobel_Prize.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/160px-Nobel_Prize.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1926–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1926: <a href="/wiki/Aristide_Briand" title="Aristide Briand">Aristide Briand</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Stresemann" title="Gustav Stresemann">Gustav Stresemann</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1927: <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Buisson" title="Ferdinand Buisson">Ferdinand Buisson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Quidde" title="Ludwig Quidde">Ludwig Quidde</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1928</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1929: <a href="/wiki/Frank_B._Kellogg" title="Frank B. Kellogg">Frank B. Kellogg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1930: <a href="/wiki/Nathan_S%C3%B6derblom" title="Nathan Söderblom">Nathan Söderblom</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1931: <a href="/wiki/Jane_Addams" title="Jane Addams">Jane Addams</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Murray_Butler" title="Nicholas Murray Butler">Nicholas Butler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1932</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1933: <a href="/wiki/Norman_Angell" title="Norman Angell">Norman Angell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1934: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Arthur Henderson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1935: <a href="/wiki/Carl_von_Ossietzky" title="Carl von Ossietzky">Carl von Ossietzky</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1936: <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Saavedra_Lamas" title="Carlos Saavedra Lamas">Carlos Saavedra Lamas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1937: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Cecil,_1st_Viscount_Cecil_of_Chelwood" title="Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood">Robert Cecil</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1938: <a href="/wiki/Nansen_International_Office_for_Refugees" title="Nansen International Office for Refugees">Nansen International Office for Refugees</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1939</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1940</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1941</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1942</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1943</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1944: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">International Committee of the Red Cross</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1945: <a href="/wiki/Cordell_Hull" title="Cordell Hull">Cordell Hull</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1946: <a href="/wiki/Emily_Greene_Balch" title="Emily Greene Balch">Emily Balch</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Mott" title="John Mott">John Mott</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1947: <a href="/wiki/Quaker_Peace_and_Social_Witness" title="Quaker Peace and Social Witness">Friends Service Council</a> / <a href="/wiki/American_Friends_Service_Committee" title="American Friends Service Committee">American Friends Service Committee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1948</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1949: <a href="/wiki/John_Boyd_Orr" title="John Boyd Orr">John Boyd Orr</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1950: <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Bunche" title="Ralph Bunche">Ralph Bunche</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1951: <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Jouhaux" title="Léon Jouhaux">Léon Jouhaux</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1952: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Schweitzer" title="Albert Schweitzer">Albert Schweitzer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1953: <a href="/wiki/George_C._Marshall" title="George C. Marshall">George C. Marshall</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1954: <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees">United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1955</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1956</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1957: <a href="/wiki/Lester_B._Pearson" title="Lester B. Pearson">Lester B. Pearson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1958: <a href="/wiki/Dominique_Pire" title="Dominique Pire">Georges Pire</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1959: <a href="/wiki/Philip_Noel-Baker" title="Philip Noel-Baker">Philip Noel-Baker</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1960: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Luthuli" title="Albert Luthuli">Albert Luthuli</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1961: <a href="/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld">Dag Hammarskjöld</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1962: <a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Linus Pauling</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1963: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">International Committee of the Red Cross</a> / <a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">League of Red Cross Societies</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1964_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1964 Nobel Peace Prize">1964</a>: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1965_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1965 Nobel Peace Prize">1965</a>: <a href="/wiki/UNICEF" title="UNICEF">UNICEF</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575"><a href="/wiki/1966_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1966 Nobel Peace Prize">1966</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575"><a href="/wiki/1967_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1967 Nobel Peace Prize">1967</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1968_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1968 Nobel Peace Prize">1968</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Cassin" title="René Cassin">René Cassin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1969_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1969 Nobel Peace Prize">1969</a>: <a href="/wiki/International_Labour_Organization" title="International Labour Organization">International Labour Organization</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1970_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1970 Nobel Peace Prize">1970</a>: <a href="/wiki/Norman_Borlaug" title="Norman Borlaug">Norman Borlaug</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1971_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1971 Nobel Peace Prize">1971</a>: <a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1972</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1973_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1973 Nobel Peace Prize">1973</a>: <i><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AA_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c_Th%E1%BB%8D" title="Lê Đức Thọ">Lê Đức Thọ</a> (declined award)</i> / <a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1974: <a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_MacBride" title="Seán MacBride">Seán MacBride</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eisaku_Sat%C5%8D" title="Eisaku Satō">Eisaku Satō</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1975: <a href="/wiki/Andrei_Sakharov" title="Andrei Sakharov">Andrei Sakharov</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1976: <a href="/wiki/Betty_Williams" title="Betty Williams">Betty Williams</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mairead_Maguire" title="Mairead Maguire">Mairead Corrigan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1977: <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1978: <a href="/wiki/Anwar_Sadat" title="Anwar Sadat">Anwar Sadat</a> / <a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin" title="Menachem Begin">Menachem Begin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1979: <a href="/wiki/Mother_Teresa" title="Mother Teresa">Mother Teresa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1980: <a href="/wiki/Adolfo_P%C3%A9rez_Esquivel" title="Adolfo Pérez Esquivel">Adolfo Pérez Esquivel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1981: <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees">United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1982: <a href="/wiki/Alva_Myrdal" title="Alva Myrdal">Alva Myrdal</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Garc%C3%ADa_Robles" title="Alfonso García Robles">Alfonso García Robles</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1983: <a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1984: <a href="/wiki/Desmond_Tutu" title="Desmond Tutu">Desmond Tutu</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1985: <a href="/wiki/International_Physicians_for_the_Prevention_of_Nuclear_War" title="International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War">International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1986: <a href="/wiki/Elie_Wiesel" title="Elie Wiesel">Elie Wiesel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1987: <a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Arias" title="Óscar Arias">Óscar Arias</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1988: <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_peacekeeping" title="United Nations peacekeeping">UN Peacekeeping Forces</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1989: <a href="/wiki/14th_Dalai_Lama" title="14th Dalai Lama">Tenzin Gyatso (14th Dalai Lama)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1990: <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1991: <a href="/wiki/Aung_San_Suu_Kyi" title="Aung San Suu Kyi">Aung San Suu Kyi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1992: <a href="/wiki/Rigoberta_Mench%C3%BA" title="Rigoberta Menchú">Rigoberta Menchú</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1993: <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a> / <a href="/wiki/F._W._de_Klerk" title="F. W. de Klerk">F. W. de Klerk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1994: <a href="/wiki/Shimon_Peres" title="Shimon Peres">Shimon Peres</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzhak Rabin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1995: <a href="/wiki/Pugwash_Conferences_on_Science_and_World_Affairs" title="Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs">Pugwash Conferences</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Rotblat" title="Joseph Rotblat">Joseph Rotblat</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1996: <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Filipe_Ximenes_Belo" title="Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo">Carlos Belo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ramos-Horta" title="José Ramos-Horta">José Ramos-Horta</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1997: <a href="/wiki/International_Campaign_to_Ban_Landmines" title="International Campaign to Ban Landmines">International Campaign to Ban Landmines</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jody_Williams" title="Jody Williams">Jody Williams</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1998: <a href="/wiki/John_Hume" title="John Hume">John Hume</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Trimble" title="David Trimble">David Trimble</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1999: <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9decins_Sans_Fronti%C3%A8res" title="Médecins Sans Frontières">Médecins Sans Frontières</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2000: <a href="/wiki/Kim_Dae-jung" title="Kim Dae-jung">Kim Dae-jung</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2001_Nobel_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2001 Nobel Peace Prize">2001</a>: <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kofi_Annan" title="Kofi Annan">Kofi Annan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2002_Nobel_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2002 Nobel Peace Prize">2002</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2003_Nobel_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2003 Nobel Peace Prize">2003</a>: <a href="/wiki/Shirin_Ebadi" title="Shirin Ebadi">Shirin Ebadi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2004_Nobel_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2004 Nobel Peace Prize">2004</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wangari_Maathai" class="mw-redirect" title="Wangari Maathai">Wangari Maathai</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2005_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2005 Nobel Peace Prize">2005</a>: <a href="/wiki/International_Atomic_Energy_Agency" title="International Atomic Energy Agency">International Atomic Energy Agency</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_ElBaradei" title="Mohamed ElBaradei">Mohamed ElBaradei</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2006_Nobel_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2006 Nobel Peace Prize">2006</a>: <a href="/wiki/Grameen_Bank" title="Grameen Bank">Grameen Bank</a> / <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Yunus" title="Muhammad Yunus">Muhammad Yunus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2007_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2007 Nobel Peace Prize">2007</a>: <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a> / <a href="/wiki/Intergovernmental_Panel_on_Climate_Change" title="Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change">Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2008_Nobel_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2008 Nobel Peace Prize">2008</a>: <a href="/wiki/Martti_Ahtisaari" title="Martti Ahtisaari">Martti Ahtisaari</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2009_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2009 Nobel Peace Prize">2009</a>: <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2010_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2010 Nobel Peace Prize">2010</a>: <a href="/wiki/Liu_Xiaobo" title="Liu Xiaobo">Liu Xiaobo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2011_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2011 Nobel Peace Prize">2011</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ellen_Johnson_Sirleaf" title="Ellen Johnson Sirleaf">Ellen Johnson Sirleaf</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leymah_Gbowee" title="Leymah Gbowee">Leymah Gbowee</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tawakkol_Karman" title="Tawakkol Karman">Tawakkol Karman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2012_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2012 Nobel Peace Prize">2012</a>: <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2013_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2013 Nobel Peace Prize">2013</a>: <a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_the_Prohibition_of_Chemical_Weapons" title="Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons">Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2014_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2014 Nobel Peace Prize">2014</a>: <a href="/wiki/Kailash_Satyarthi" title="Kailash Satyarthi">Kailash Satyarthi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Malala_Yousafzai" title="Malala Yousafzai">Malala Yousafzai</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2015_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2015 Nobel Peace Prize">2015</a>: <a href="/wiki/Tunisian_National_Dialogue_Quartet" title="Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet">Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2016_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2016 Nobel Peace Prize">2016</a>: <a href="/wiki/Juan_Manuel_Santos" title="Juan Manuel Santos">Juan Manuel Santos</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2017 Nobel Peace Prize">2017</a>: <a href="/wiki/International_Campaign_to_Abolish_Nuclear_Weapons" title="International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons">International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2018 Nobel Peace Prize">2018</a>: <a href="/wiki/Denis_Mukwege" title="Denis Mukwege">Denis Mukwege</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nadia_Murad" title="Nadia Murad">Nadia Murad</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2019_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2019 Nobel Peace Prize">2019</a>: <a href="/wiki/Abiy_Ahmed" title="Abiy Ahmed">Abiy Ahmed</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2020_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2020 Nobel Peace Prize">2020</a>: <a href="/wiki/World_Food_Programme" title="World Food Programme">World Food Programme</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2021_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2021 Nobel Peace Prize">2021</a>: <a href="/wiki/Maria_Ressa" title="Maria Ressa">Maria Ressa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Muratov" title="Dmitry Muratov">Dmitry Muratov</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2022_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2022 Nobel Peace Prize">2022</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ales_Bialiatski" title="Ales Bialiatski">Ales Bialiatski</a> / <a href="/wiki/Memorial_(society)" title="Memorial (society)">Memorial</a> / <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Civil_Liberties_(human_rights_organization)" title="Center for Civil Liberties (human rights organization)">Center for Civil Liberties</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2023_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2023 Nobel Peace Prize">2023</a>: <a href="/wiki/Narges_Mohammadi" title="Narges Mohammadi">Narges Mohammadi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2024_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2024 Nobel Peace Prize">2024</a>: <a href="/wiki/Nihon_Hidankyo" title="Nihon Hidankyo">Nihon Hidankyo</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="1917_Nobel_Prize_laureates" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1917_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1917 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1917_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template talk:1917 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1917_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1917 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="1917_Nobel_Prize_laureates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1917 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> laureates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>None</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Literature</a> (<a href="/wiki/1917_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1917 Nobel Prize in Literature">1917</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Adolph_Gjellerup" title="Karl Adolph Gjellerup">Karl Adolph Gjellerup</a> (Denmark)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Pontoppidan" title="Henrik Pontoppidan">Henrik Pontoppidan</a> (Denmark)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Peace</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">International Committee of the Red Cross</a> (Switzerland)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Physics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Glover_Barkla" title="Charles Glover Barkla">Charles Glover Barkla</a> (Great Britain)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Physiology or Medicine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>None</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates" title="List of Nobel laureates">Nobel Prize recipients</a></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1912_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1912 Nobel Prize winners">1912</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1913_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1913 Nobel Prize winners">1913</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1914_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1914 Nobel Prize winners">1914</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1915_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1915 Nobel Prize winners">1915</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1916_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1916 Nobel Prize winners">1916</a></dd> <dd><b>1917 </b></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1918_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1918 Nobel Prize winners">1918</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1919_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1919 Nobel Prize winners">1919</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1920_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1920 Nobel Prize winners">1920</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1921_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1921 Nobel Prize winners">1921</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1922_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1922 Nobel Prize winners">1922</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="1944_Nobel_Prize_laureates" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1944_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1944 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1944_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template talk:1944 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1944_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1944 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="1944_Nobel_Prize_laureates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1944 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> laureates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Hahn" title="Otto Hahn">Otto Hahn</a> (Germany)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Literature</a> (<a href="/wiki/1944_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1944 Nobel Prize in Literature">1944</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_V._Jensen" title="Johannes V. Jensen">Johannes Vilhelm Jensen</a> (Denmark)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Peace</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">International Committee of the Red Cross</a> (Switzerland)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Physics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isidor_Isaac_Rabi" title="Isidor Isaac Rabi">Isidor Isaac Rabi</a> (United States/Poland)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Physiology or Medicine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Erlanger" title="Joseph Erlanger">Joseph Erlanger</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Spencer_Gasser" title="Herbert Spencer Gasser">Herbert Spencer Gasser</a> (United States)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates" title="List of Nobel laureates">Nobel Prize recipients</a></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1939_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1939 Nobel Prize winners">1939</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:1940_Nobel_Prize_winners&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:1940 Nobel Prize winners (page does not exist)">1940</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:1941_Nobel_Prize_winners&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:1941 Nobel Prize winners (page does not exist)">1941</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:1942_Nobel_Prize_winners&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:1942 Nobel Prize winners (page does not exist)">1942</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1943_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1943 Nobel Prize winners">1943</a></dd> <dd><b>1944 </b></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1945_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1945 Nobel Prize winners">1945</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1946_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1946 Nobel Prize winners">1946</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1947_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1947 Nobel Prize winners">1947</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1948_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1948 Nobel Prize winners">1948</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1949_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1949 Nobel Prize winners">1949</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="1963_Nobel_Prize_laureates" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1963_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1963 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1963_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template talk:1963 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1963_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1963 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="1963_Nobel_Prize_laureates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1963 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> laureates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Ziegler" title="Karl Ziegler">Karl Ziegler</a> (Germany)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giulio_Natta" title="Giulio Natta">Giulio Natta</a> (Italy)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Literature</a> (<a href="/wiki/1963_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1963 Nobel Prize in Literature">1963</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giorgos_Seferis" title="Giorgos Seferis">Giorgos Seferis</a> (Greece)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Peace</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">International Committee of the Red Cross</a> (Switzerland)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies</a> (Switzerland)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Physics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Wigner" title="Eugene Wigner">Eugene Wigner</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Goeppert_Mayer" title="Maria Goeppert Mayer">Maria Goeppert Mayer</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Hans_D._Jensen" title="J. Hans D. Jensen">J. Hans D. Jensen</a> (Germany)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Physiology or Medicine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Eccles_(neurophysiologist)" title="John Eccles (neurophysiologist)">John Eccles</a> (Great Britain)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Hodgkin" title="Alan Hodgkin">Alan Lloyd Hodgkin</a> (Great Britain)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Huxley" title="Andrew Huxley">Andrew Huxley</a> (Australia)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates" title="List of Nobel laureates">Nobel Prize recipients</a></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1958_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1958 Nobel Prize winners">1958</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1959_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1959 Nobel Prize winners">1959</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1960_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1960 Nobel Prize winners">1960</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1961_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1961 Nobel Prize winners">1961</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1962_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1962 Nobel Prize winners">1962</a></dd> <dd><b>1963 </b></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1964_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1964 Nobel Prize winners">1964</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1965_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1965 Nobel Prize winners">1965</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1966_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1966 Nobel Prize winners">1966</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1967_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1967 Nobel Prize winners">1967</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1968_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1968 Nobel Prize winners">1968</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5987345#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5987345#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5987345#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/43195-3">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80158612">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11872097t">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11872097t">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00299594">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36135420">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Mezinárodní výbor Červeného kříže"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20040121008&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX138762">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/446710">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/98067966">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000070376&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000573235&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=143928">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAB201800504">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/sq47crpb0cdlr2z">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810570250605606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007347123705171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000010174">Finland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981060937460006706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01350314?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1218170">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span 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