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Evolution subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Evolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tie_hacking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tie_hacking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Tie hacking</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tie_hacking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_technology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_technology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Modern technology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_technology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Safety" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Safety"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Safety</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Safety-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Loggersports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Loggersports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Loggersports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Loggersports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lumberjack_fashion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lumberjack_fashion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Lumberjack fashion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lumberjack_fashion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Popular culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Popular_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Popular culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Folklore" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Folklore"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Folklore</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Folklore-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Songs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Songs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2.1</span> <span>Songs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Songs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Available in 32 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="حطاب – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حطاب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picador" title="Picador – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Picador" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llenyataire" title="Llenyataire – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llenyataire" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%99evorubec" title="Dřevorubec – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Dřevorubec" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holzf%C3%A4ller" title="Holzfäller – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Holzfäller" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metsat%C3%B6%C3%B6line" title="Metsatööline – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Metsatööline" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C3%B1ador" title="Leñador – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Leñador" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbohakisto" title="Arbohakisto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Arbohakisto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egurgile" title="Egurgile – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Egurgile" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%88%D8%A8%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="چوب‌بر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="چوب‌بر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BBcheron" title="Bûcheron – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bûcheron" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houtsjer" title="Houtsjer – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Houtsjer" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lom%C3%A1na%C3%AD" title="Lománaí – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Lománaí" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%82%98%EB%AC%B4%EA%BE%BC" title="나무꾼 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="나무꾼" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taglialegna" title="Taglialegna – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Taglialegna" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%95%D7%98%D7%91_%D7%A2%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%9D" title="חוטב עצים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חוטב עצים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mpasua_mbao" title="Mpasua mbao – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mpasua mbao" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houthakker" title="Houthakker – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Houthakker" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%B5" title="樵 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="樵" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B8mmerhogger" title="Tømmerhogger – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tømmerhogger" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B8mmerhoggar" title="Tømmerhoggar – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tømmerhoggar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drwal" title="Drwal – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Drwal" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenhador" title="Lenhador – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lenhador" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1" title="Лесоруб – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лесоруб" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuscaloru" title="Vuscaloru – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Vuscaloru" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumberjack" title="Lumberjack – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Lumberjack" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metsuri" title="Metsuri – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Metsuri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skogshuggare" title="Skogshuggare – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Skogshuggare" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1" title="Лісоруб – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лісоруб" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BB%81u_phu" title="Tiều phu – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiều phu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokion" title="Bokion – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Bokion" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%AC%E6%9F%B4%E4%BD%AC" title="斬柴佬 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="斬柴佬" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1124183#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Lumberjack" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Lumberjack" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content 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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Worker who performs the initial harvesting of trees</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Lumberjack_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Lumberjack (disambiguation)">Lumberjack (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Wood cutter" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Woodcutter_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Woodcutter (disambiguation)">Woodcutter (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_lumberjack_standing_at_the_base_of_a_huge_tree_showing_a_cut_in_the_tree,_ca.1900_(CHS-3368).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/A_lumberjack_standing_at_the_base_of_a_huge_tree_showing_a_cut_in_the_tree%2C_ca.1900_%28CHS-3368%29.jpg/250px-A_lumberjack_standing_at_the_base_of_a_huge_tree_showing_a_cut_in_the_tree%2C_ca.1900_%28CHS-3368%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/A_lumberjack_standing_at_the_base_of_a_huge_tree_showing_a_cut_in_the_tree%2C_ca.1900_%28CHS-3368%29.jpg/375px-A_lumberjack_standing_at_the_base_of_a_huge_tree_showing_a_cut_in_the_tree%2C_ca.1900_%28CHS-3368%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/A_lumberjack_standing_at_the_base_of_a_huge_tree_showing_a_cut_in_the_tree%2C_ca.1900_%28CHS-3368%29.jpg/500px-A_lumberjack_standing_at_the_base_of_a_huge_tree_showing_a_cut_in_the_tree%2C_ca.1900_%28CHS-3368%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3546" data-file-height="4543" /></a><figcaption>A lumberjack <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1900</span></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Lumberjack</b> is a mostly <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North American</a> term for workers in the <a href="/wiki/Logging" title="Logging">logging</a> industry who perform the initial harvesting and transport of trees. The term usually refers to loggers in the era before 1945 in the United States, when trees were felled using hand tools and dragged by oxen to rivers. </p><p>The work was difficult, dangerous, intermittent, low-paying, and involved living in primitive conditions. However, the men built a traditional culture that celebrated strength, <a href="/wiki/Masculinity" title="Masculinity">masculinity</a>, confrontation with danger, and resistance to modernization.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Term">Term</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumberjack&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Term"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:285px;max-width:285px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:153px;max-width:153px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jigger_Johnson.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Jigger_Johnson.jpg/151px-Jigger_Johnson.jpg" decoding="async" width="151" height="322" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Jigger_Johnson.jpg/227px-Jigger_Johnson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Jigger_Johnson.jpg/302px-Jigger_Johnson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="861" data-file-height="1835" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Jigger_Johnson" title="Jigger Johnson">Jigger Johnson</a> (d. 1935), the fabled <a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a> woodsman whom historians <a href="/wiki/Stewart_Holbrook" title="Stewart Holbrook">Stewart Holbrook</a> and Robert E. Pike call "the last lumberjack"<sup id="cite_ref-Holbrook_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holbrook-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:128px;max-width:128px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jos_Montferrand.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Jos_Montferrand.jpg/126px-Jos_Montferrand.jpg" decoding="async" width="126" height="322" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Jos_Montferrand.jpg/189px-Jos_Montferrand.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Jos_Montferrand.jpg/252px-Jos_Montferrand.jpg 2x" data-file-width="257" data-file-height="656" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Montferrand" title="Joseph Montferrand">Joseph Montferrand</a>, legendary <a href="/wiki/Canadians" title="Canadians">Canadian</a> lumberjack</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The term <b>lumberjack</b> is of Canadian derivation. The first attested use of the term combining its two components comes from an 1831 letter to the <a href="/wiki/Cobourg,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Cobourg, Ontario">Cobourg, Ontario</a>, <i>Star and General Advertiser</i> in the following passage: "my misfortunes have been brought upon me chiefly by an incorrigible, though perhaps useful, race of mortals called lumberjacks, whom, however, I would name the <a href="/wiki/Cossacks" title="Cossacks">Cossacks</a> of <a href="/wiki/Upper_Canada" title="Upper Canada">Upper Canada</a>, who, having been reared among the oaks and pines of the wild forest, have never been subjected to the salutary restraint of laws."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term <i>lumberjack</i> is primarily historical, and of colloquial contemporary usage; <b>logger</b> is commonly used by workers in the 21st century.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When lumberjack is used, it usually refers to a logger from an earlier time before the advent of <a href="/wiki/Chainsaw" title="Chainsaw">chainsaws</a>, <a href="/wiki/Feller-buncher" class="mw-redirect" title="Feller-buncher">feller-bunchers</a> and other modern logging equipment. Other terms for the occupation include <b>woodcutter</b>, <b>shanty boy</b><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the regional <b>woodhick</b> of Pennsylvania, United States.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In Australia, the occupation is referred to as <b>timber cutter</b><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or cool cutters.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A logger employed in driving logs down a river was known locally in northern North America as a <b>river pig</b>, <b>river hog</b>, <b>river rat</b>, or <b>catty-man</b>. The term <b>lumberjill</b> has been used for a woman lumberjack; for example, in Britain during World War II.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumberjack&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lifestyle">Lifestyle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumberjack&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Lifestyle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Maine_Logging_Camp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/A_Maine_Logging_Camp.jpg/220px-A_Maine_Logging_Camp.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/A_Maine_Logging_Camp.jpg/330px-A_Maine_Logging_Camp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/A_Maine_Logging_Camp.jpg/440px-A_Maine_Logging_Camp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="754" data-file-height="566" /></a><figcaption>A Maine logging camp in 1906</figcaption></figure> <p>Lumberjacks worked in <a href="/wiki/Lumber_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Lumber camp">lumber camps</a> and often lived a migratory life, following timber harvesting jobs as they opened.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Being a lumberjack was seasonal work. Lumberjacks were exclusively men. They usually lived in <a href="/wiki/Bunkhouse" title="Bunkhouse">bunkhouses</a> or tents. Common equipment included the <a href="/wiki/Axe" title="Axe">axe</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Cross-cut_saw" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-cut saw">cross-cut saw</a>. Lumberjacks could be found wherever there were vast forests to be harvested and a demand for wood, most likely in Scandinavia, Canada, and parts of the United States. In the U.S., many lumberjacks were of Scandinavian ancestry, continuing the family tradition. American lumberjacks were first centred in north-eastern states such as Maine. They then followed the general <a href="/wiki/American_frontier" title="American frontier">westward migration</a> on the continent to the <a href="/wiki/Upper_Midwest" title="Upper Midwest">Upper Midwest</a>, and finally the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest" title="Pacific Northwest">Pacific Northwest</a>. <a href="/wiki/Stewart_Holbrook" title="Stewart Holbrook">Stewart Holbrook</a> documented the emergence and <a href="/wiki/American_frontier" title="American frontier">westward migration</a> of the classic American lumberjack in his first book, <i>Holy Old Mackinaw: A Natural History of the American Lumberjack</i>. He often wrote colourfully about lumberjacks in his subsequent books, romanticizing them as hard-drinking, hard-working men. Logging camps were slowly phased out between World War II and the early 1960s as crews could by then be transported to remote logging sites in motor vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Division_of_labour">Division of labour</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumberjack&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Division of labour"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Felling_axe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Felling_axe.jpg/170px-Felling_axe.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Felling_axe.jpg/255px-Felling_axe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Felling_axe.jpg/340px-Felling_axe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Felling axes</figcaption></figure> <p>Despite the common perception that all loggers cut trees, the actual felling and bucking of trees were specialized job positions done by fallers and buckers. Faller and bucker were once two separate job titles, but they are now combined.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The natural division of labour in lumber camps led to other specialized jobs on logging crews, such as whistle punk, high climber, and chaser.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The whistle punk's job was to sound a whistle (usually at the <a href="/wiki/Steam_donkey" title="Steam donkey">Steam donkey</a>) as a signal to the <a href="/wiki/Yarder" title="Yarder">yarder</a> operator controlling the movement of logs. He also had to act as a safety lookout. A good whistle punk had to be alert and think fast as others' safety depended on him. The high climber (also known as a tree topper) established a <a href="/wiki/Spar_(tree)" title="Spar (tree)">spar</a> tree so logs could be skidded into the landing. Using tree climbing gaffs and rope to ascend a tall tree in the landing area of the logging site, he would chop off limbs as he climbed, chop off the top of the tree, then attach pulleys and rigging to the tree for the yarder. High climbers and whistle punks began to be phased out in the 1960s to early 1970s when portable steel towers began to replace spar trees and radio equipment supplemented whistles for communication. The choker setters attached steel cables (or chokers) to downed logs so they could be dragged into the landing by the yarder, and still do today. The chasers remove the chokers once the logs are at the landing. Choker setters and chasers are often entry-level positions on logging crews, with more experienced loggers seeking to move up to more skill-intensive positions such as yarder operator or supervisory positions such as hook tender. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Machinery">Machinery</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumberjack&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Machinery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before the era of modern diesel or gasoline powered equipment, the existing machinery was steam powered. Animal or steam-powered <a href="/wiki/Skidder" title="Skidder">skidders</a> could be used to haul harvested logs to nearby rail roads for shipment to <a href="/wiki/Sawmill" title="Sawmill">sawmills</a>. Horse driven <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michigan_logging_wheels&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michigan logging wheels (page does not exist)">logging wheels</a> were a means used for moving logs out of the woods. Another way for transporting logs to sawmills was to float them down a body of water or a specially-constructed <a href="/wiki/Log_flume" title="Log flume">log flume</a>. <a href="/wiki/Log_rolling" class="mw-redirect" title="Log rolling">Log rolling</a>, the art of staying on top of a floating log while "rolling" the log by walking, was another skill much in demand among lumberjacks. Spiked boots known as <a href="/wiki/Caulk_boots" title="Caulk boots">"caulks" or "corks"</a> were used for log rolling and often worn by lumberjacks as their regular footwear. </p><p>The term "<a href="/wiki/Skid_row" title="Skid row">skid row</a>", which today means a poor city neighbourhood frequented by <a href="/wiki/Homeless" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeless">homeless</a> people, derives from a way harvested logs were once transported. Logs would be "skidded" down hills or along a <a href="/wiki/Corduroy_road" title="Corduroy road">corduroy road</a>. One such street in <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a> was named Skid Road. This street later became frequented by people down on their luck, and both the name and its meaning morphed into the modern term.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Logging_Scene_Near_Bellingham,_WA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Logging_Scene_Near_Bellingham%2C_WA.jpg/220px-Logging_Scene_Near_Bellingham%2C_WA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Logging_Scene_Near_Bellingham%2C_WA.jpg/330px-Logging_Scene_Near_Bellingham%2C_WA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Logging_Scene_Near_Bellingham%2C_WA.jpg/440px-Logging_Scene_Near_Bellingham%2C_WA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="777" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Lumberjacks near Bellingham, Washington, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1910</span></figcaption></figure> <p>Among the <a href="/wiki/Living_history" title="Living history">living history</a> museums that preserve and interpret the <a href="/wiki/Forest_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Forest industry">forest industry</a> are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BC_Forest_Discovery_Centre" title="BC Forest Discovery Centre">BC Forest Discovery Centre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duncan,_British_Columbia" title="Duncan, British Columbia">Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_Five_Museum" title="Camp Five Museum">Camp Five Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laona,_Wisconsin" title="Laona, Wisconsin">Laona, Wisconsin</a> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Lumberjack_Steam_Train" title="Lumberjack Steam Train">Lumberjack Steam Train</a>, a passenger excursion train, operates as part of the museum.</li></ul></li> <li>Central New Brunswick Woodsmen's Museum, <a href="/wiki/Boiestown,_New_Brunswick" title="Boiestown, New Brunswick">Boiestown, New Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coos_County_Logging_Museum" title="Coos County Logging Museum">Coos County Logging Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myrtle_Point,_Oregon" title="Myrtle Point, Oregon">Myrtle Point, Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biltmore_Forest_School" title="Biltmore Forest School">Cradle of Forestry in America</a> historic site, near <a href="/wiki/Asheville,_North_Carolina" title="Asheville, North Carolina">Asheville, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_History_Center" title="Forest History Center">Forest History Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_Minnesota" title="Grand Rapids, Minnesota">Grand Rapids, Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartwick_Pines_State_Park" title="Hartwick Pines State Park">Hartwick Pines Logging Museum</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Grayling,_Michigan" title="Grayling, Michigan">Grayling, Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumberman%27s_Monument" title="Lumberman's Monument">Lumberman's Monument</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Oscoda,_Michigan" title="Oscoda, Michigan">Oscoda, Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maine_Forest_%26_Logging_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Maine Forest & Logging Museum">Maine Forest & Logging Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bradley,_Maine" title="Bradley, Maine">Bradley, Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Lumber_Museum" title="Pennsylvania Lumber Museum">Pennsylvania Lumber Museum</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Galeton,_Pennsylvania" title="Galeton, Pennsylvania">Galeton, Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algonquin_Provincial_Park#Algonquin_Logging_Museum" title="Algonquin Provincial Park">Algonquin Logging Museum</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in <a href="/wiki/Algonquin_Provincial_Park" title="Algonquin Provincial Park">Algonquin Provincial Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumberjack&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hodler_Holzf%C3%A4ller.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Hodler_Holzf%C3%A4ller.jpg/170px-Hodler_Holzf%C3%A4ller.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Hodler_Holzf%C3%A4ller.jpg/255px-Hodler_Holzf%C3%A4ller.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Hodler_Holzf%C3%A4ller.jpg/340px-Hodler_Holzf%C3%A4ller.jpg 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="452" /></a><figcaption><i>Lumberjack</i>, painting by <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Hodler" title="Ferdinand Hodler">Ferdinand Hodler</a>, 1910</figcaption></figure> <p>Tomczik (2008) has investigated the lifestyle of lumberjacks from 1840 to 1940, using records from mostly Maine and Minnesota logging camps. In a period of industrial development and modernization in urban areas, logging remained a traditional business in which the workers exhibited pride in their craft, masculinity, and closely-guarded individualism. Their camps were a bastion of the traditional workplace, as they intentionally defied modern rationalized management. At the peak in 1906 there were 500,000 lumberjacks. Logging camps were located in isolated areas that provided room and board as well as a workplace. There were usually few women present other than the wives of cooks and foremen. Men earned praise for their skill, competitiveness, and aggression. When not at work, they played rough games, told <a href="/wiki/Tall_tale" title="Tall tale">tall tales</a>, and built up their reputations by <a href="/wiki/Cookhouse" title="Cookhouse">consuming large amounts of food</a>. By 1940, the business was undergoing major changes, as access roads and automobiles ended residential logging camps, chain saws replaced crosscut saws, and managers installed industrial methods of logging.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evolution">Evolution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumberjack&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Evolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tie_hacking">Tie hacking</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumberjack&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Tie hacking"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A specialty form of logging involving the felling of trees for the production of <a href="/wiki/Railroad_tie" title="Railroad tie">railroad ties</a> was known as tie hacking. These lumberjacks, called tie hacks, used saws to fell trees and cut to length, and a <a href="/wiki/Broad-axe" class="mw-redirect" title="Broad-axe">broad-axe</a> to flatten two or all four sides of the log to create railroad ties. Later, portable saw mills were used to cut and shape ties. Tie hacking was an important form of logging in Wyoming and northern Colorado and the remains of tie hacking camps can be found on National Forest land. The remains of flumes can be seen near <a href="/wiki/Dubois,_Wyoming" title="Dubois, Wyoming">Dubois, Wyoming</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Old_Roach,_Colorado" title="Old Roach, Colorado">Old Roach</a>, Colorado. In addition, a decaying splash dam exists near the Old Roach site as well. There, tie hacks attempted to float logs down to the Laramie River for the annual spring tie drives, and the splash dam was used to collect winter snow-melt to increase the water flow for the tie drive.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_technology">Modern technology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumberjack&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Modern technology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Logging" title="Logging">Logging</a></div> <p>Modern technology changed the job of the modern logger considerably. Although the basic task of harvesting trees is still the same, the machinery and tasks are no longer the same. Many of the old job specialties on logging crews are now obsolete. </p><p>Chainsaws, <a href="/wiki/Harvester_(forestry)" title="Harvester (forestry)">harvesters</a>, and feller bunchers are now used to cut or fell trees. The tree is turned into logs by removing the limbs (delimbing) and cutting it into logs of optimal length (bucking). The felled tree or logs are moved from the stump to the landing. Ground vehicles such as a <a href="/wiki/Skidder" title="Skidder">skidder</a> or <a href="/wiki/Forwarder" title="Forwarder">forwarder</a> can pull, carry, or shovel the logs. Cable systems "cars" can pull logs to the landing. Logs can also be flown to the landing by helicopter. Logs are commonly transported to the sawmill using trucks. Harvesting methods may include <a href="/wiki/Clear_cutting" class="mw-redirect" title="Clear cutting">clear cutting</a> or <a href="/wiki/Selective_cutting" class="mw-redirect" title="Selective cutting">selective cutting</a>. Concerns over the environmental impact have led to controversy about modern logging practices. In certain areas of forest loggers re-plant their crop for future generations. </p><p>A <i>Wall Street Journal</i> survey on the best jobs in the United States ended by listing being a logger as the "worst" <i><a href="/wiki/Dirty,_Dangerous_and_Demeaning" class="mw-redirect" title="Dirty, Dangerous and Demeaning">3D's</a></i> job,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> citing "work instability, poor income, and pure <a href="/wiki/Occupational_safety_and_health" title="Occupational safety and health">danger</a>". According to a Wall St. review studying the 71 most dangerous jobs, the most dangerous job was identified as that of logging workers in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Safety">Safety</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumberjack&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Safety"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lumberjacks and loggers have one of the most dangerous jobs in the United States. The constant danger of being around heavy equipment and chainsaws in unsafe areas maximizes the danger. Proper protective equipment consists of eye protection, head protection, <a href="/wiki/Hearing_protection_device" title="Hearing protection device">ear protection</a>, long sleeves, chaps (if working with a chainsaw), and steel toe boots. When entering this profession, it is emphasized to be on one's toes because individuals are responsible for their own safety to guard against many uncontrollable hazards in the timber. For example, the weather can cause a dangerous situation quicker than one may realize.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Additionally, logs and trees often plummet down a mountainside with no regard for what is in the way. In the United States, the <a href="/wiki/Occupational_Safety_and_Health_Administration" title="Occupational Safety and Health Administration">Occupational Safety and Health Administration</a> (OSHA) has resources dedicated for logging safety,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_for_Occupational_Safety_and_Health" title="National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health">National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health</a> (NIOSH) has identified logging as a priority area of safety research under the <a href="/wiki/National_Occupational_Research_Agenda" title="National Occupational Research Agenda">National Occupational Research Agenda</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Loggersports">Loggersports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumberjack&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Loggersports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lexington_Barbecue_Festival_-_lumberjack_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Lexington_Barbecue_Festival_-_lumberjack_2.jpg/220px-Lexington_Barbecue_Festival_-_lumberjack_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Lexington_Barbecue_Festival_-_lumberjack_2.jpg/330px-Lexington_Barbecue_Festival_-_lumberjack_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Lexington_Barbecue_Festival_-_lumberjack_2.jpg/440px-Lexington_Barbecue_Festival_-_lumberjack_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Double cut competition at the <a href="/wiki/Lexington_Barbecue_Festival" title="Lexington Barbecue Festival">Lexington Barbecue Festival</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Andy_Colle_standing_block_chop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Andy_Colle_standing_block_chop.jpg/220px-Andy_Colle_standing_block_chop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Andy_Colle_standing_block_chop.jpg/330px-Andy_Colle_standing_block_chop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Andy_Colle_standing_block_chop.jpg/440px-Andy_Colle_standing_block_chop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Standing block chop event at the <a href="/wiki/Great_Alaskan_Lumberjack_Show" title="Great Alaskan Lumberjack Show">Great Alaskan Lumberjack Show</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The sport of Loggersports grew out of competitions in lumber camps aimed at determining the best woodcutters. Today, these competitions are used to acknowledge the rich history of <a href="/wiki/Forestry" title="Forestry">forestry</a> and logging and to keep traditions alive. </p><p><b>STIHL Timbersports Series - Worldwide</b> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Stihl_Timbersports_Series" title="Stihl Timbersports Series">STIHL Timbersports Series</a> was founded in 1985, and brings competitors from across the world to compete in six <a href="/wiki/Woodsman" title="Woodsman">woodsman</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wood-chopping" class="mw-redirect" title="Wood-chopping">wood chopping</a> competitions. The events are broadcast worldwide on a variety of networks, including ESPN, ABC, and Eurosport.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Squamish Days Loggers Sports - Canada</b> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, Squamish Days Loggers Sports in <a href="/wiki/Squamish,_British_Columbia" title="Squamish, British Columbia">Squamish, British Columbia</a>, attracts the finest competitors to its weekend festival in August each year. The event has entertainers such as <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Cash" title="Johnny Cash">Johnny Cash</a>, who, in 1991, performed at the 5,000-seat Loggers Sports grounds during his Roadshow tour.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>The Woodsmen's Days - New York, United States</b> </p><p>The Woodsmen's Days events at <a href="/wiki/Tupper_Lake,_New_York" title="Tupper Lake, New York">Tupper Lake, New York</a> commemorate the lumberjack with logging competitions and demonstrations during mid-July. Many colleges have woodsmen teams or forestry clubs who compete regionally, nationally, and internationally. The Association of Southern Forestry Clubs, for example, sponsors an annual <a href="/wiki/Forestry_Conclave" class="mw-redirect" title="Forestry Conclave">Forestry Conclave</a> with 250 contestants and a variety of events. </p><p><b>Lumberjack Tours - United States</b> </p><p>There are also lumberjack shows which tour the United States, demonstrating traditional logging practices to the general public. The annual <a href="/wiki/Lumberjack_World_Championships" class="mw-redirect" title="Lumberjack World Championships">Lumberjack World Championships</a> have been held in <a href="/wiki/Hayward,_Wisconsin" title="Hayward, Wisconsin">Hayward, Wisconsin</a> since 1960.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over 12,000 visitors come to the event each year in late July to watch men and women compete in 21 different events, including log rolling, chopping, timed <a href="/wiki/Hot_Saw" title="Hot Saw">hot (power)</a> and bucksaw cutting, and <a href="/wiki/Tree_climbing" title="Tree climbing">tree climbing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lumberjack_fashion">Lumberjack fashion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumberjack&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Lumberjack fashion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lightning_presentation_Wikipedia_Day_Chicago_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Lightning_presentation_Wikipedia_Day_Chicago_4.jpg/170px-Lightning_presentation_Wikipedia_Day_Chicago_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="278" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Lightning_presentation_Wikipedia_Day_Chicago_4.jpg/255px-Lightning_presentation_Wikipedia_Day_Chicago_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Lightning_presentation_Wikipedia_Day_Chicago_4.jpg/340px-Lightning_presentation_Wikipedia_Day_Chicago_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1813" data-file-height="2966" /></a><figcaption>Example of urban lumberjack fashion</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2014, the term "<b>lumbersexual</b>" emerged in online culture due to an observation that outdoor gear was used because of its aesthetics, not function.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whereas similar terms such as "the Urban Woodsman" existed since 2012,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the term "lumbersexual" became popular in fashion magazines and online outlets during 2015 and 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term "lumbersexual" is a near <a href="/wiki/Antonym" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonym">antonymous</a> play on the earlier "<a href="/wiki/Metrosexual" title="Metrosexual">metrosexual</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a metropolitan-heterosexual man who values appearances, apparel and aesthetics. Unlike the metrosexual, the lumbersexual is a man who adopted the stylistic traits of outdoor gear, namely a <a href="/wiki/Beard" title="Beard">beard</a>, plaid shirt, and work boots, in urban environments.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Media reports show lumbersexuals adorned by neck and sleeve tattoos. Whereas commentators discussed whether the lumbersexual is an attempt to "reclaim masculinity",<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> researchers show that the term is a media representation that very few people actually use for self identification.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Popular_culture">Popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumberjack&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Bunyan_Statue_in_Portland_Oregon_in_2004.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Paul_Bunyan_Statue_in_Portland_Oregon_in_2004.jpg/170px-Paul_Bunyan_Statue_in_Portland_Oregon_in_2004.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Paul_Bunyan_Statue_in_Portland_Oregon_in_2004.jpg/255px-Paul_Bunyan_Statue_in_Portland_Oregon_in_2004.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Paul_Bunyan_Statue_in_Portland_Oregon_in_2004.jpg/340px-Paul_Bunyan_Statue_in_Portland_Oregon_in_2004.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2920" data-file-height="4446" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Paul_Bunyan_(Portland,_Oregon)" title="Statue of Paul Bunyan (Portland, Oregon)">Statue of Paul Bunyan (Portland, Oregon)</a>, listed on the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:N%C3%A4tti-Jussi_portrait.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/N%C3%A4tti-Jussi_portrait.jpeg/170px-N%C3%A4tti-Jussi_portrait.jpeg" decoding="async" width="170" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/N%C3%A4tti-Jussi_portrait.jpeg/255px-N%C3%A4tti-Jussi_portrait.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/N%C3%A4tti-Jussi_portrait.jpeg/340px-N%C3%A4tti-Jussi_portrait.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="851" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>"<a href="/wiki/N%C3%A4tti-Jussi" title="Nätti-Jussi">Nätti-Jussi</a>" ("Pretty-John") was a legendary <a href="/wiki/Finns" title="Finns">Finnish</a> forest laborer and lumberjack. The stories told by Nätti made him a very famous figure, particularly in <a href="/wiki/Lapland_(Finland)" title="Lapland (Finland)">Lapland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Popular_culture" title="Popular culture">popular culture</a>, the stereotypical lumberjack is a strong, burly, usually bearded man who lives to brave the <a href="/wiki/Natural_environment" title="Natural environment">natural environment</a>. He is depicted as wearing <a href="/wiki/Suspenders" title="Suspenders">suspenders</a>, a long-sleeved plaid <a href="/wiki/Flannel" title="Flannel">flannel</a> shirt, and heavy spiked <a href="/wiki/Caulk_boots" title="Caulk boots">caulk boots</a>, and is often characterized as having a voracious appetite, especially for <a href="/wiki/Flapjack_(pancake)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flapjack (pancake)">flapjacks</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He works by cutting down trees with either an axe or with the help of another lumberjack and a crosscut saw, as opposed to the modern chainsaw.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Folklore">Folklore</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumberjack&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Folklore"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The most famous depiction of a lumberjack in folklore is <a href="/wiki/Paul_Bunyan" title="Paul Bunyan">Paul Bunyan</a>. Several towns claim to have been Paul Bunyan's home and have constructed statues of Bunyan and his blue ox "Babe".<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Known for their many exploits, many real life loggers have become renowned for their extraordinary strength, intuition, and knowledge of the woods. Men such as <a href="/wiki/Jigger_Johnson" title="Jigger Johnson">Jigger Johnson</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a> woodsman who supposedly kicked knots off frozen logs barefooted,<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Holbrook_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holbrook-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Montferrand" title="Joseph Montferrand">Joseph Montferrand</a> (better known as <a href="/wiki/Big_Joe_Mufferaw" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Joe Mufferaw">Big Joe Mufferaw</a>), the <a href="/wiki/French-Canadian" class="mw-redirect" title="French-Canadian">French-Canadian</a> known for his physical prowess and desire to protect the French-speaking logger,<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> have been celebrated as <a href="/wiki/Folk_hero" title="Folk hero">folk heroes</a> throughout <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>, and have contributed to the <a href="/wiki/Folklore" title="Folklore">myths</a> of the lumberjack.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumberjack&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Songs">Songs</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumberjack&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Songs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Lumberjacks rapidly developed their own distinctive musical culture of <a href="/wiki/Work_songs" class="mw-redirect" title="Work songs">work songs</a>. Many were based on traditional European folk tunes, with lyrics that reflected the lives, experiences and concerns of lumberjacks, with the themes of cutting, hauling, rolling, and driving, as well as narrative songs that involved romance.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Big Joe Mufferaw</i>, a song recorded and performed by <a href="/wiki/Stompin%27_Tom_Connors" title="Stompin' Tom Connors">Stompin' Tom Connors</a>, one of Canada's most prolific and well-known country and folk singer-songwriters, about legendary folk hero <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Montferrand" title="Joseph Montferrand">Joseph Montferrand</a>, a French-Canadian logger. This song appears on the album <i>Stompin' Tom Meets Big Joe Mufferaw</i> (1970), on the live album <i>Live At The Horseshoe</i> (1971), and on the album <i>Move Along With Stompin' Tom</i> (1999).</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Log_Driver%27s_Waltz" title="The Log Driver's Waltz">The Log Driver's Waltz</a></i>, a 1956 song by <a href="/wiki/Wade_Hemsworth" title="Wade Hemsworth">Wade Hemsworth</a> on his album <i>Folk Songs of the Canadian North Woods</i><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Lumberjack</i>, a 1960 song by <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Cash" title="Johnny Cash">Johnny Cash</a> on his album <i><a href="/wiki/Ride_This_Train" title="Ride This Train">Ride This Train</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lumberjack_(Hal_Willis_song)" title="The Lumberjack (Hal Willis song)">The Lumberjack</a></i>, a song by <a href="/wiki/Hal_Willis_(singer)" title="Hal Willis (singer)">Hal Willis</a></li> <li><i>The Lumberjack</i>, a song featuring a chainsaw solo, by the American rock band <a href="/wiki/Jackyl" title="Jackyl">Jackyl</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lumberjack_Song" title="The Lumberjack Song">The Lumberjack Song</a></i>, a song by <a href="/wiki/Monty_Python" title="Monty Python">Monty Python</a>, known for its <a href="/wiki/Refrain" title="Refrain">refrain</a>: "I'm a lumberjack and I'm okay / I sleep all night and I work all day. ..."</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumberjack&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arborist" title="Arborist">Arborist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_boom" title="Log boom">Log boom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_driving" title="Log driving">Log driving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_scaler" title="Log scaler">Log scaler</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary_of_lumberjack_jargon" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Appendix:Glossary of lumberjack jargon">Glossary of lumberjack jargon</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumberjack&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHayner1945" class="citation journal cs1">Hayner, Norman S. (April 1945). "Taming the Lumberjack". <i>American Sociological Review</i>. <b>10</b> (2): 217–225. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2085640">10.2307/2085640</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2085640">2085640</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Sociological+Review&rft.atitle=Taming+the+Lumberjack&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=217-225&rft.date=1945-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2085640&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2085640%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Hayner&rft.aufirst=Norman+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALumberjack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Holbrook-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Holbrook_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Holbrook_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Holbrook, Stewart (1938). <i>Holy Old MacKinaw: A Natural History of the American Lumberjack</i>, The Macmillan Company, New York. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-112-55989-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-112-55989-2">1-112-55989-2</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>World Film News and Television Progress</i>, vol. 3, no. 6, London Cinema Contact Ltd., October 1938.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pike, Robert E. (1967). <i>Tall Trees, Tough Men</i>, <a href="/wiki/W._W._Norton_%26_Company" title="W. W. Norton & Company">W. W. Norton & Company</a>, New York. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0393319172" title="Special:BookSources/0393319172">0393319172</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Holbrook, Stewart (1961). <i>Yankee Loggers: A Recollection of Woodsmen, Cooks, and River Drivers</i>, The International Paper Company, New York. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781258435714" title="Special:BookSources/9781258435714">9781258435714</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ranawayfromthesubscriber.blogspot.ca/2012/05/occupational-image-lumberjacks.html">"Occupational Image: Lumberjacks"</a>. Tyler Rudd Putman. 2012-06-05. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140308121037/http://ranawayfromthesubscriber.blogspot.ca/2012/05/occupational-image-lumberjacks.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2014-03-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-05-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Occupational+Image%3A+Lumberjacks&rft.pub=Tyler+Rudd+Putman&rft.date=2012-06-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Franawayfromthesubscriber.blogspot.ca%2F2012%2F05%2Foccupational-image-lumberjacks.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALumberjack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vault.com/industries-professions/professions/l/logging-industry-workers/history">"Logging Industry Workers"</a>. <i>Vault</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201129140422/https://www.vault.com/industries-professions/professions/l/logging-industry-workers/history">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-11-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-09-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Govt+works+towards+timber+cutter+compo&rft.pub=ABC+News+%28Australian+Broadcasting+Corporation%29&rft.date=2005-05-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2Fstories%2F2005%2F05%2F17%2F1369978.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALumberjack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.environment.gov.au/heritage/ahc/publications/commission/books/ourhouse/qld04.html">"Our house: histories of Australian homes - Koongalba, The timber getter's residence"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=clutchaxes.com&rft.atitle=Michigan+Axe+Pattern%2C+Uses+and+Origin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fclutchaxes.com%2Fmichigan-axe-pattern-uses-and-origin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALumberjack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith (1972)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sorden and Vallier, 1986</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Radford (1987)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.algonquinpark.on.ca/visit/locations/algonquin-logging-museum.php">"Algonquin Logging Museum"</a>. <i>Algonquin Provincial Park</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Algonquin+Provincial+Park&rft.atitle=Algonquin+Logging+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.algonquinpark.on.ca%2Fvisit%2Flocations%2Falgonquin-logging-museum.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALumberjack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Adam Tomczik, "'He-men Could Talk to He-men in He-man Language'": Lumberjack Work Culture in Maine and Minnesota, 1840–1940," <i>Historian</i> Winter 2008, Vol. 70 Issue 4, pp 697-715</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPinkerton,_Joan1981" class="citation book cs1">Pinkerton, Joan (1981). <i>Knights of the Broadax; the Story of the Wyoming Tie Hack</i>. 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Dundurn Press. p. 158.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Canadian+literary+landmarks&rft.pages=158&rft.pub=Dundurn+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.au=Colombo%2C+J.+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALumberjack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Appalachia</i> Appalachian Mountain Club, 1964.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMood,_T._A.2004" class="citation book cs1">Mood, T. A. (2004). <i>American Regional Folklore: A Sourcebook and Research Guide</i>. ABC-CLIO. pp. 220–222.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Regional+Folklore%3A+A+Sourcebook+and+Research+Guide&rft.pages=220-222&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2004&rft.au=Mood%2C+T.+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALumberjack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevy2016" class="citation web cs1">Levy, Joel (December 8, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://torontoguardian.com/2016/12/nfb-history-log-drivers-waltz/">"The History of The Log Driver's Waltz"</a>. The Toronto Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161211141428/http://torontoguardian.com/2016/12/nfb-history-log-drivers-waltz/">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-12-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 28,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+History+of+The+Log+Driver%27s+Waltz&rft.pub=The+Toronto+Guardian&rft.date=2016-12-08&rft.aulast=Levy&rft.aufirst=Joel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftorontoguardian.com%2F2016%2F12%2Fnfb-history-log-drivers-waltz%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALumberjack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumberjack&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Brock, Emily K. <i>Money Trees: The Douglas Fir and American Forestry, 1900-1944</i> (Oregon State University Press, 2015). 272 pp.</li> <li>Chaney, Michael P. <i>White Pine on the Saco River: An Oral History of River Driving in Southern Maine</i> (University of Maine Press, 1993)</li> <li>Cox, Thomas R. <i>The Lumberman's Frontier: Three Centuries of Land Use, Society, and Change in America's Forests </i> (Oregon State University Press, 2010); 560 pages; examines successive frontier regions prized for lumber rather than farming, beginning with northern New England in the 17th century</li> <li>Griffiths, Bus. <i>Now You're Logging</i>, Harbour Publishing, 1978.</li> <li>Hayner, Norman S. "Taming the Lumberjack," <i>American Sociological Review,</i> Vol. 10, No. 2, (April, 1945), pp. 217–225 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2085640">in JSTOR</a>, description of lifestyle</li> <li>Holbrook, Stewart H. <i>Holy Old Mackinaw: A Natural History of the American Lumberjack</i>, 1938, popular <ul><li>Holbrook, Stewart H. <i>The American Lumberjack</i> (Collier Books, 1962), popular account</li></ul></li> <li>Karamanski, Theodore J. <i>Deep Woods Frontier: A History of Logging in Northern Michigan</i> (1989)</li> <li>Lee, David. <i>Lumber Kings and Shantymen</i>. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: 2006.</li> <li>Lemonds, James. <i>Deadfall: Generations of Logging in the Pacific Northwest</i>. Missoula: Mountain Press, 2001.</li> <li>Mackay, Donald. "The Canadian Logging Frontier," <i>Journal of Forest History</i> 1979 23(1): 4-17</li> <li>Radforth, Ian. <i>Bushworkers and Bosses: Logging in Northern Ontario, 1900–1980</i> (University of Toronto Press, 1987).</li> <li>Robbins, William G. <i>Lumberjacks and Legislators: Political Economy of the U.S. Lumber Industry, 1890-1941</i> (Texas A. & M. U. Press, 1982). 268 pp.</li> <li>Roberge, Earl. <i>Timber Country</i>. Caldwell, Idaho: Caxton Printers, 1973.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRohe1986" class="citation book cs1">Rohe, Randall E. (1986). <i>The Evolution of the Great Lakes Logging Camp, 1830-1930</i>. Journal of Forest History. Vol. 30. pp. 17–28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Evolution+of+the+Great+Lakes+Logging+Camp%2C+1830-1930&rft.series=Journal+of+Forest+History&rft.pages=17-28&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=Rohe&rft.aufirst=Randall+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALumberjack" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Smith, David C. <i>A History of Lumbering in Maine, 1861–1960</i> (University of Maine Press, 1972)</li> <li>Sorden, L. G. and Vallier, Jacque. <i>Lumberjack Lingo: A Dictionary of the Logging Era.</i> (Ashland, Wis.: NorthWord, 1986). 288 pp.</li> <li>Tomczik, Adam, "'He-men Could Talk to He-men in He-man Language'": Lumberjack Work Culture in Maine and Minnesota, 1840–1940," <i>Historian</i> Winter 2008, Vol. 70 Issue 4, pp 697–715</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumberjack&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/lumberjack" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/lumberjack">lumberjack</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lumberjacks" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Lumberjacks">Lumberjacks</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://history.lakemac.com.au/page-local-history.aspx?pid=1085&vid=20&tmpt=showmedia&narid=0&cat=Photograph&objid=3693">William Reed (Timber getter) c.1930</a> - photo from the Jones-Mashman Collection at Lake Macquarie Library.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.lib.washington.edu">University of Washington Libraries: Digital Collections</a>: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.lib.washington.edu/clarkkinseyweb/index.html">Clark Kinsey Photographs</a> Over 1000 images by commercial photographer Clark and his brother Darius Kinsey documenting the logging and milling camps and other forest related activities in Washington State, ca. 1910–1945.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitalcollections.lib.washington.edu/cdm/search/collection/indocc/searchterm/log*%20lumber%20plywood%20woodworkers/field/all/mode/any/conn/and/cosuppress/">Industry and Occupations Photographs</a> An ongoing and expanding collection devoted to the workers in the Pacific Northwest from the 1880s to the 1940s. Many occupations and industries are represented including the logging and lumber industry.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.lib.washington.edu/cmpweb/exhibits/logging">Man to Machine: Peninsula Logging</a> Online museum exhibit based upon the Clark Kinsey Logging Photographs Collection and the recollections of Harry C. Hall, who worked as a logger on the Olympic Peninsula in the early 20th century. Includes a video on the Hobi family logging history (late 19th century – early 20th century).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.osha.gov/logging">OSHA.gov</a> An overview of logging operations along with safety standards and other important safety links.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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aria-labelledby="Lumberjack_sports" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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href="/wiki/Pole_climbing" title="Pole climbing">Pole climbing</a></li> <li>Sawing <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bow_saw" title="Bow saw">bow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-man_saw" title="Two-man saw">crosscut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_Saw" title="Hot Saw">Hot Saw</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_chopping" class="mw-redirect" title="Wood chopping">Wood chopping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_splitting" title="Wood splitting">Wood splitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodsman" title="Woodsman">Woodsman</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lumberjack.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Lumberjack.JPG/150px-Lumberjack.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Lumberjack.JPG/225px-Lumberjack.JPG 1.5x, 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Championships">Axe Throwing World Championships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Bunyan_in_popular_culture#Tourist_attractions" title="Paul Bunyan in popular culture">Paul Bunyan Days</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Lumberjack_sports" title="Category:Lumberjack sports">Category</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lumberjack_sports_players" title="Category:Lumberjack sports players">players</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Forestry" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Forestry" title="Template:Forestry"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Forestry" title="Template 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universities and colleges">Colleges</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_forestry_journals" title="List of forestry journals">Journals</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arbor_Day" title="Arbor Day">Arbor Day</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agroforestry" title="Agroforestry">Agroforestry</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dehesa" title="Dehesa">dehesa</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Analog_forestry" class="mw-redirect" title="Analog forestry">Analog forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamboo_cultivation" title="Bamboo cultivation">Bamboo forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Close_to_nature_forestry" class="mw-redirect" title="Close to nature forestry">Close to nature forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_forestry" title="Community forestry">Community forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecoforestry" title="Ecoforestry">Ecoforestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_forestry" title="Energy forestry">Energy forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycoforestry" title="Mycoforestry">Mycoforestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permaforestry" class="mw-redirect" title="Permaforestry">Permaforestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_plantation" title="Tree plantation">Plantation forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_forestry_in_India" title="Social forestry in India">Social forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_forestry" class="mw-redirect" title="Sustainable forestry">Sustainable forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_forest" title="Urban forest">Urban forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_forestry" title="Urban forestry">Urban forestry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Forest_ecology" title="Forest ecology">Ecology</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Forest_management" title="Forest management">management</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arboriculture" title="Arboriculture">Arboriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Controlled_burn" title="Controlled burn">Controlled burn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debris" title="Debris">Debris</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coarse_woody_debris" title="Coarse woody debris">coarse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Driftwood" title="Driftwood">driftwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Large_woody_debris" title="Large woody debris">large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_jam" title="Log jam">log jam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slash_(logging)" title="Slash (logging)">slash</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dendrology" title="Dendrology">Dendrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecological_thinning" title="Ecological thinning">Ecological thinning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Even_aged_timber_management" class="mw-redirect" title="Even aged timber management">Even-aged management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_ecology" title="Fire ecology">Fire ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest" title="Forest">Forest</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forest_dynamics" title="Forest dynamics">dynamics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_informatics" title="Forest informatics">informatics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_integrated_pest_management" title="Forest integrated pest management">IPM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_inventory" title="Forest inventory">inventory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_governance" class="mw-redirect" title="Forest governance">governance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_law" title="Forestry law">law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Forest_Information_Service" title="Global Forest Information Service">Global Forest Information Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old-growth_forest" title="Old-growth forest">old-growth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_pathology" title="Forest pathology">pathology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_protection" title="Forest protection">protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_restoration" title="Forest restoration">restoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_forest" title="Secondary forest">secondary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_stand" title="Forest stand">stand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_transition" title="Forest transition">transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trillion_Tree_Campaign" title="Trillion Tree Campaign">Trillion Tree Campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Certified_wood" title="Certified wood">Forest certification</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tree_farm#American_Tree_Farm_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Tree farm">ATFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CarbonFix_Standard" title="CarbonFix Standard">CFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Stewardship_Council#Standards,_certification_and_accreditation" title="Forest Stewardship Council">FSC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Programme_for_the_Endorsement_of_Forest_Certification" title="Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification">PEFC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_Forestry_Initiative" title="Sustainable Forestry Initiative">SFI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainforest_Alliance#Sustainable_forestry_certification" title="Rainforest Alliance">SmartWood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodland_Carbon_Code" title="Woodland Carbon Code">Woodland Carbon Code</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestation" class="mw-redirect" title="Forestation">Forestation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afforestation" title="Afforestation">afforestation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reforestation" title="Reforestation">reforestation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_types_of_formally_designated_forests" title="List of types of formally designated forests">Formally designated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Growth_and_yield_modelling" title="Growth and yield modelling">Growth and yield modelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horticulture" title="Horticulture">Horticulture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genetically_modified_tree" title="Genetically modified tree">GM trees</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I-Tree" title="I-Tree">i-Tree</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urban_reforestation" title="Urban reforestation">urban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silviculture" title="Silviculture">Silviculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_forest_management" class="mw-redirect" title="Sustainable forest management">Sustainable management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree" title="Tree">Tree</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tree_allometry" title="Tree allometry">allometry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_breeding" title="Tree breeding">breeding</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_measurement" title="Tree measurement">Tree measurement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tree_crown_measurement" title="Tree crown measurement">crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_girth_measurement" title="Tree girth measurement">girth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_height_measurement" title="Tree height measurement">height</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_volume_measurement" title="Tree volume measurement">volume</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Environmental<br />topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acid_rain#Forests_and_other_vegetation" title="Acid rain">Acid rain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_sequestration" title="Carbon sequestration">Carbon sequestration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clearcutting" title="Clearcutting">Clearcutting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deforestation" title="Deforestation">Deforestation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecosystem_services" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecosystem services">Ecosystem services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_degradation" title="Forest degradation">Forest degradation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_dieback" title="Forest dieback">Forest dieback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_fragmentation" class="mw-redirect" title="Forest fragmentation">Forest fragmentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_forest" title="Ghost forest">Ghost forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Green_Wall_(Africa)" title="Great Green Wall (Africa)">Great Green Wall (Africa)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Green_Wall_(China)" title="Great Green Wall (China)">Great Green Wall (China)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_grading" title="High grading">High grading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_logging" title="Illegal logging">Illegal logging</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timber_mafia" title="Timber mafia">timber mafia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasive_species#Forestry" title="Invasive species">Invasive species</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wilding_conifer" title="Wilding conifer">wilding</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Million_Tree_Initiative" title="Million Tree Initiative">Million Tree Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reducing_emissions_from_deforestation_and_forest_degradation" class="mw-redirect" title="Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation">REDD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shifting_cultivation" title="Shifting cultivation">Shifting cultivation</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chitemene" title="Chitemene">chitemene</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slash-and-burn" title="Slash-and-burn">slash-and-burn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slash-and-char" title="Slash-and-char">slash-and-char</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Svedjebruk" class="mw-redirect" title="Svedjebruk">svedjebruk</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timber_recycling" title="Timber recycling">Timber recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipko_movement" title="Chipko movement">Tree hugging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_forest_inequity" title="Urban forest inequity">Urban forest inequity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildfire" title="Wildfire">Wildfire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wood_industry" title="Wood industry">Industries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coppicing" title="Coppicing">Coppicing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_farming" class="mw-redirect" title="Forest farming">Forest farming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_gardening" class="mw-redirect" title="Forest gardening">Forest gardening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logging" title="Logging">Logging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manufacturing" title="Manufacturing">Manufacturing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lumber" title="Lumber">lumber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plywood" title="Plywood">plywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulp_and_paper_industry" title="Pulp and paper industry">pulp and paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawmill" title="Sawmill">sawmilling</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_product" title="Forest product">Products</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biochar" title="Biochar">biochar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biomass" title="Biomass">biomass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charcoal" title="Charcoal">charcoal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-timber_forest_product" title="Non-timber forest product">non-timber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_oil" title="Palm oil">palm oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayon" title="Rayon">rayon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_rubber" title="Natural rubber">rubber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanbark" title="Tanbark">tanbark</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_railway" title="Forest railway">Rail transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_farm" class="mw-redirect" title="Tree farm">Tree farm</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_tree_cultivation" title="Christmas tree cultivation">Christmas trees</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood" title="Wood">Wood</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Engineered_wood" title="Engineered wood">engineered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_fuel" title="Wood fuel">fuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahogany" title="Mahogany">mahogany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spruce-pine-fir" title="Spruce-pine-fir">spruce-pine-fir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teak" title="Teak">teak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodworking" title="Woodworking">Woodworking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Green_woodworking" title="Green woodworking">green woodworking</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Occupations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forester" title="Forester">Forester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arborist" title="Arborist">Arborist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_bucking" title="Log bucking">Bucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choker_setter" title="Choker setter">Choker setter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_ecology" title="Forest ecology">Ecologist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felling" title="Felling">Feller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildland_firefighter" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildland firefighter">Firefighter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Handcrew" title="Handcrew">handcrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interagency_hotshot_crew" class="mw-redirect" title="Interagency hotshot crew">hotshot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_lookout" title="Fire lookout">lookout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smokejumper" title="Smokejumper">smokejumper</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_driving" title="Log driving">River driver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logging_truck" title="Logging truck">Truck driver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_scaler" title="Log scaler">Log scaler</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lumberjack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_ranger" title="Park ranger">Ranger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resin_extraction" title="Resin extraction">Resin tapper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubber_tapping" title="Rubber tapping">Rubber tapper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shingle_weaver" title="Shingle weaver">Shingle weaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_inventory" title="Forest inventory">Timber cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_planting" title="Tree planting">Tree planter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_processing" title="Wood processing">Wood process engineer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WikiProject"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, 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class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Forestry" title="Category:Forestry">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_forestry" title="Outline of forestry">Outline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Forestry_tools_and_equipment" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Forestry_tools" title="Template:Forestry tools"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Forestry_tools" title="Template talk:Forestry tools"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Forestry_tools" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Forestry tools"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Forestry_tools_and_equipment" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Forestry" title="Forestry">Forestry</a> <a href="/wiki/Tool" title="Tool">tools</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heavy_equipment" title="Heavy equipment">equipment</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tree_planting" title="Tree planting">Tree planting</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Afforestation" title="Afforestation">afforestation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caulk_boots" title="Caulk boots">Caulk boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoe_(tool)#Types" title="Hoe (tool)">Hoedad</a> (hoedag)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groasis_Waterboxx" title="Groasis Waterboxx">Groasis Waterboxx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattock" title="Mattock">Mattock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pottiputki" title="Pottiputki">Pottiputki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Root_trainer" title="Root trainer">Root trainer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seed_trap" title="Seed trap">Seed trap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_planting_bar" title="Tree planting bar">Tree planting bar</a> (dibble bar)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_shelter" title="Tree shelter">Tree shelter</a> (Tuley tube)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_spade" title="Tree spade">Tree spade</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Using_a_DTApe.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Using_a_DTApe.JPG/70px-Using_a_DTApe.JPG" decoding="async" width="70" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Using_a_DTApe.JPG/105px-Using_a_DTApe.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Using_a_DTApe.JPG/140px-Using_a_DTApe.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tree_measurement" title="Tree measurement">Mensuration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3D_scanning" title="3D scanning">3D scanner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angle_gauge" title="Angle gauge">Angle gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biltmore_stick" title="Biltmore stick">Biltmore stick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chain_(unit)#Other_instruments" title="Chain (unit)">Chain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruising_rod" title="Cruising rod">Cruising rod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diameter_tape" title="Diameter tape">Diameter tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemispherical_photography" title="Hemispherical photography">Hemispherical photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inclinometer" title="Inclinometer">Inclinometer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Increment_borer" title="Increment borer">Increment borer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rangefinding_telemeter" class="mw-redirect" title="Rangefinding telemeter">Rangefinder</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laser_rangefinder" title="Laser rangefinder">laser</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microtome" title="Microtome">Microtome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relascope" title="Relascope">Relascope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_caliper" title="Tree caliper">Tree caliper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedge_prism" title="Wedge prism">Wedge prism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wildfire_suppression_equipment_and_personnel" title="Wildfire suppression equipment and personnel">Fire suppression</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerial_firefighting" title="Aerial firefighting">Aerial firefighting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DC-10_Air_Tanker" title="DC-10 Air Tanker">DC-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle#Forest_fire_detection" title="Unmanned aerial vehicle">UAVs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Driptorch" title="Driptorch">Driptorch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_flapper_(tool)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fire flapper (tool)">Fire flapper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_rake" title="Fire rake">Fire rake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_retardant#Forest-fire_fighting" title="Fire retardant">Fire retardant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helitack" title="Helitack">Helitack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McLeod_(tool)" title="McLeod (tool)">McLeod</a> (rakehoe)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulaski_(tool)" title="Pulaski (tool)">Pulaski</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Axe" title="Axe">Axes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Billhook" title="Billhook">Billhook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadaxe" title="Broadaxe">Broadaxe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brush_hook" class="mw-redirect" title="Brush hook">Brush hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Froe" title="Froe">Froe</a> (shake axe)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatchet" title="Hatchet">Hatchet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labrys" title="Labrys">Labrys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_splitter" title="Log splitter">Log splitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marking_axe" title="Marking axe">Marking axe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splitting_maul" title="Splitting maul">Splitting maul</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Saw" title="Saw">Saws</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bow_saw" title="Bow saw">Bow saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucksaw" title="Bucksaw">Bucksaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chainsaw" title="Chainsaw">Chainsaw</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chainsaw_safety_clothing" title="Chainsaw safety clothing">safety clothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chainsaw_safety_features" title="Chainsaw safety features">safety features</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crosscut_saw" title="Crosscut saw">Crosscut saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragsaw" title="Dragsaw">Dragsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Head_saw" title="Head saw">Head saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumber_edger" title="Lumber edger">Lumber edger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polesaw" title="Polesaw">Polesaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portable_sawmill" title="Portable sawmill">Portable sawmill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resaw" title="Resaw">Resaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-man_saw" title="Two-man saw">Two-man saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whipsaw" title="Whipsaw">Whipsaw</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Logging" title="Logging">Logging</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cant_hook" title="Cant hook">Cant hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feller_buncher" title="Feller buncher">Feller buncher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forwarder" title="Forwarder">Forwarder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go-devil" title="Go-devil">Go-devil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvester_(forestry)" title="Harvester (forestry)">Harvester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heli-logging" title="Heli-logging">Helicopter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logging_truck" title="Logging truck">Log truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombard_Steam_Log_Hauler" title="Lombard Steam Log Hauler">Lombard Steam Log Hauler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peavey_(tool)" class="mw-redirect" title="Peavey (tool)">Peavey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickaroon" title="Pickaroon">Pickaroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pike_pole" title="Pike pole">Pike pole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skid_cone" title="Skid cone">Skid cone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skidder" title="Skidder">Skidder</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Winch" title="Washington Winch">Washington Winch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_donkey" title="Steam donkey">Steam donkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarder" title="Yarder">Yarder</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swing_yarder" title="Swing yarder">swing</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Denailer" title="Denailer">Denailer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firewood_processor" title="Firewood processor">Firewood processor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_railway" title="Forest railway">Forest railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_mulching" title="Forestry mulching">Forestry mulcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_compass" title="Hand compass">Hand compass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook_(hand_tool)#Forestry_hook" title="Hook (hand tool)">Hand hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_debarker" title="Hydraulic debarker">Hydraulic debarker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_house_moulder" title="Log house moulder">Log house moulder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_pond" title="Log pond">Log pond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_flume" title="Log flume">Log flume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machete" title="Machete">Machete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stump_grinder" title="Stump grinder">Stump grinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chainsaw_mill" title="Chainsaw mill">Chainsaw mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_baler" title="Tree baler">Tree tyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsakat" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsakat">Tsakat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whoopie_sling" title="Whoopie sling">Whoopie sling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiln#Wood-drying_kiln" title="Kiln">Wood-drying kiln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodchipper" title="Woodchipper">Woodchipper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="/wiki/Template:Cleaning_tools" title="Template:Cleaning tools">Cleaning</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Cutting_and_abrasive_tools" title="Template:Cutting and abrasive tools">Cutting and abrasive</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Forestry_tools" title="Template:Forestry tools">Forestry</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Garden_tools" title="Template:Garden tools">Garden</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Hand_tools" title="Template:Hand tools">Hand</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Kitchen_tools" title="Template:Kitchen tools">Kitchen</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Machine_and_metalworking_tools" title="Template:Machine and metalworking tools">Machine and metalworking</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Masonry_tools" title="Template:Masonry tools">Masonry</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Measuring_and_alignment_tools" title="Template:Measuring and alignment tools">Measuring and alignment</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Mining_equipment" title="Template:Mining equipment">Mining</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Power_tools" title="Template:Power tools">Power</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Textile_tools" title="Template:Textile tools">Textile</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Woodworking" title="Template:Woodworking">Woodworking</a></dd></dl> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a 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