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Sylvie Kauffmann’s latest articles for Le Monde

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article__author-picture--posts" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/07/06/0/0/0/0/124/124/30/0/97cb851_1688634309022-cd62c21-403.jpg" alt="auteur" width="62" height="62"> <section class="article__author-description article__author-description--posts"> <h1 class="article__author-identity article__author-identity--posts">Sylvie Kauffmann</h1> </section> </section> </header> <section class="page__float"> <aside class="page__side-content aside__page-float"> <section class="aside__page old__aside-page aside__page--sitemap"> <section class="friend friend--section "> <div id="pave_haut" class="dfp-slot dfp__slot friend--around dfp__sticky dfp__slot--pave dfp__slot--desktop" data-format="pave_haut" aria-hidden="true"></div> </section> <section id="forecast_widget" class="friend" data-title="Sylvie Kauffmann"></section> <section class="friend friend--section "> <div id="pave_bas" class="dfp-slot dfp__slot friend--around dfp__sticky dfp__slot--pave dfp__slot--desktop dfp-unloaded" data-format="pave_bas" aria-hidden="true"></div> </section> </section> </aside> <section id="river" class="page__content river river--medium river--rubrique river--solo river--en-continu"> <h2 class="river__title"> All their publications </h2> <div class=""> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/18/86/0/3662/2441/780/520/60/0/d6e7836_sirius-fs-upload-1-dvezuwjjeldn-1742333393543-000-8un2rj.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/18/86/0/3662/2441/110/73/60/0/d6e7836_sirius-fs-upload-1-dvezuwjjeldn-1742333393543-000-8un2rj.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/18/86/0/3662/2441/110/73/60/0/d6e7836_sirius-fs-upload-1-dvezuwjjeldn-1742333393543-000-8un2rj.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2025/03/19/trump-has-already-surpassed-his-hungarian-and-polish-models_6739313_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'Trump has already surpassed his Hungarian and Polish role models'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">In just two months, the student has surpassed the master. The Trump administration is taking aim at the same targets as the illiberal pioneers of Budapest and Warsaw – the judiciary, the media and universities– but is going faster and harder, writes Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on March 19, 2025, at 12:01 pm (Paris), updated on March 19, 2025, at 12:56 pm</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/05/25/0/0/6000/4000/780/520/60/0/3696a7f_1685008783176-000-33dw774.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/05/25/0/0/6000/4000/110/73/60/0/3696a7f_1685008783176-000-33dw774.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/05/25/0/0/6000/4000/110/73/60/0/3696a7f_1685008783176-000-33dw774.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2025/03/12/the-fact-that-the-debate-on-a-european-nuclear-deterrent-is-open-shows-the-extent-of-the-current-upheaval_6739066_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'The fact that the debate on a European nuclear deterrent is open shows the extent of the current upheaval'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Threatened by a potential withdrawal of the American umbrella, Germany and Poland are calling on France for its nuclear deterrence, writes Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on March 12, 2025, at 11:02 am (Paris)</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/02/0/0/8142/5428/780/520/60/0/fe88b29_ftp-import-images-1-bi795t78r4tz-2025-03-02t180258z-1184729030-rc225dafzupk-rtrmadp-3-ukraine-crisis-britain-europe.JPG" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/02/0/0/8142/5428/110/73/60/0/fe88b29_ftp-import-images-1-bi795t78r4tz-2025-03-02t180258z-1184729030-rc225dafzupk-rtrmadp-3-ukraine-crisis-britain-europe.JPG" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/02/0/0/8142/5428/110/73/60/0/fe88b29_ftp-import-images-1-bi795t78r4tz-2025-03-02t180258z-1184729030-rc225dafzupk-rtrmadp-3-ukraine-crisis-britain-europe.JPG" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2025/03/05/trump-by-seeking-to-destroy-europe-is-forcing-its-recomposition_6738831_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'Trump, by seeking to destroy Europe, is forcing its recomposition'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">The first weeks of the Trump presidency have finally awakened the Europeans, now faced with a reversal of alliances. This shift and the need to support Ukraine are forcing them to invent new frameworks for cooperation, writes Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on March 5, 2025, at 10:59 am (Paris), updated on March 5, 2025, at 4:49 pm</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/1/0/8192/5461/780/520/60/0/63a732b_sirius-fs-upload-1-69djlpixcdae-1739982230805-000-36pr47l.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/1/0/8192/5461/110/73/60/0/63a732b_sirius-fs-upload-1-69djlpixcdae-1739982230805-000-36pr47l.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/1/0/8192/5461/110/73/60/0/63a732b_sirius-fs-upload-1-69djlpixcdae-1739982230805-000-36pr47l.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2025/02/20/andrius-kubilius-the-us-now-talks-about-peace-but-without-strength_6738374_4.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Interview</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Andrius Kubilius: 'The US now talks about peace but without strength'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">In an interview with 'Le Monde,' the European commissioner for defense and former Lithuanian prime minister expressed his concern about the United States' turn on Ukraine as well as Russia's intentions.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on February 20, 2025, at 1:00 pm (Paris)</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/18/0/0/7312/4874/780/520/60/0/26cea93_ftp-import-images-1-ykls173zc0um-f4038c260691417bb16c7cf668cacfca-0-53dae434e561490ebb60c427ae8e2a2c.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/18/0/0/7312/4874/110/73/60/0/26cea93_ftp-import-images-1-ykls173zc0um-f4038c260691417bb16c7cf668cacfca-0-53dae434e561490ebb60c427ae8e2a2c.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/18/0/0/7312/4874/110/73/60/0/26cea93_ftp-import-images-1-ykls173zc0um-f4038c260691417bb16c7cf668cacfca-0-53dae434e561490ebb60c427ae8e2a2c.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2025/02/19/europeans-hold-bitter-memories-of-negotiating-ceasefires-with-putin_6738321_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'Europeans hold bitter memories of negotiating ceasefires with Putin'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">After the first day of negotiations between Russia and the US, without Ukraine or Europe, one thing is clear: Donald Trump is interested in a ceasefire but not in lasting peace, writes Le Monde's columnist, Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on February 19, 2025, at 11:00 am (Paris), updated on February 19, 2025, at 11:02 am</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/16/0/0/8083/5388/780/520/60/0/71422a6_sirius-fs-upload-1-whhbycflegy2-1739725796466-112449.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/16/0/0/8083/5388/110/73/60/0/71422a6_sirius-fs-upload-1-whhbycflegy2-1739725796466-112449.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/16/0/0/8083/5388/110/73/60/0/71422a6_sirius-fs-upload-1-whhbycflegy2-1739725796466-112449.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2025/02/17/the-week-the-us-shook-europe-s-world_6738249_4.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Long Read</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">The week the US shook Europe's world</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">The Munich Security Conference, held from February 14 to 16, saw a fracturing of the transatlantic relationship. European leaders will hold an emergency meeting at the Elysée Palace on Monday.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on February 17, 2025, at 11:05 am (Paris), updated on February 17, 2025, at 11:07 am</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/16/0/0/4176/2784/780/520/60/0/3b34893_sirius-fs-upload-1-vbuhiwerjxh8-1739702777249-417730.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/16/0/0/4176/2784/110/73/60/0/3b34893_sirius-fs-upload-1-vbuhiwerjxh8-1739702777249-417730.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/16/0/0/4176/2784/110/73/60/0/3b34893_sirius-fs-upload-1-vbuhiwerjxh8-1739702777249-417730.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2025/02/16/us-plans-to-hold-ukraine-peace-talks-without-europeans_6738218_4.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">In Depth</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">US plans to hold Ukraine peace talks without Europeans</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">After the Munich Security Conference, which highlighted the rift that now separates the US from the EU, the Elysée is set to convene a European summit on Monday. The Ukrainian president has said Moscow plans to create 15 new armed divisions this year.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on February 16, 2025, at 11:58 am (Paris), updated on February 16, 2025, at 12:14 pm</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/elsa-conesa/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Elsa Conesa</span> </a> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/14/0/138/5223/3482/780/520/60/0/409fe7e_ftp-import-images-1-u3ivnyhozb74-2025-02-14t140109z-199412292-rc2ducamc50h-rtrmadp-3-security-munich-usa-vance.JPG" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/14/0/138/5223/3482/110/73/60/0/409fe7e_ftp-import-images-1-u3ivnyhozb74-2025-02-14t140109z-199412292-rc2ducamc50h-rtrmadp-3-security-munich-usa-vance.JPG" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/14/0/138/5223/3482/110/73/60/0/409fe7e_ftp-import-images-1-u3ivnyhozb74-2025-02-14t140109z-199412292-rc2ducamc50h-rtrmadp-3-security-munich-usa-vance.JPG" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2025/02/15/in-munich-jd-vance-declares-ideological-war-on-europe_6738189_4.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">In Depth</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">In Munich, JD Vance declares ideological war on Europe</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Donald Trump's vice president said that the greatest threat to the Old Continent was neither Russia nor China but its 'the retreat of Europe from some of its most fundamental values.' He did not dwell on the Ukrainian question.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on February 15, 2025, at 9:50 am (Paris), updated on February 15, 2025, at 10:50 am</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/elsa-conesa/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Elsa Conesa</span> </a> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/08/0/13/4207/2805/780/520/60/0/25f8046_ftp-import-images-1-muhtstr1zvxi-2025-02-08t135706z-933357035-rc2aqca1wvs8-rtrmadp-3-ukraine-crisis-yalta.JPG" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/08/0/13/4207/2805/110/73/60/0/25f8046_ftp-import-images-1-muhtstr1zvxi-2025-02-08t135706z-933357035-rc2aqca1wvs8-rtrmadp-3-ukraine-crisis-yalta.JPG" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/08/0/13/4207/2805/110/73/60/0/25f8046_ftp-import-images-1-muhtstr1zvxi-2025-02-08t135706z-933357035-rc2aqca1wvs8-rtrmadp-3-ukraine-crisis-yalta.JPG" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2025/02/12/ukraine-s-fate-depends-on-a-trump-putin-relationship-shrouded-in-mystery_6738064_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'Ukraine's fate depends on a Trump-Putin relationship shrouded in mystery'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">The two 'strongmen' who claim to be putting an end to the war in Ukraine have begun to work together. But in their view, strength has replaced law, writes Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on February 12, 2025, at 11:30 am (Paris)</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/05/0/0/7768/5179/780/520/60/0/be644c7_ftp-import-images-1-drflu3rnswgi-5944455-01-06.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/05/0/0/7768/5179/110/73/60/0/be644c7_ftp-import-images-1-drflu3rnswgi-5944455-01-06.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/05/0/0/7768/5179/110/73/60/0/be644c7_ftp-import-images-1-drflu3rnswgi-5944455-01-06.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2025/02/05/should-the-us-be-treated-as-an-adversary-rather-than-a-competitor-it-s-a-dizzying-question-for-europe_6737810_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'Should the US be treated as an adversary rather than a competitor? It's a dizzying question for Europe'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">EU leaders see Trump's provocations as a 'cruel paradox.' They now have to question their greatest ally while facing attacks from Russia and Chinese expansion, writes Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on February 5, 2025, at 11:00 am (Paris), updated on February 5, 2025, at 11:41 am</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/01/28/0/0/3000/2000/780/520/60/0/c886de1_ftp-import-images-1-yxgdm8qmjzx2-2025-01-28t180325z-1571334018-rc2licahla9d-rtrmadp-3-deepseek-markets-bridgewater.JPG" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/01/28/0/0/3000/2000/110/73/60/0/c886de1_ftp-import-images-1-yxgdm8qmjzx2-2025-01-28t180325z-1571334018-rc2licahla9d-rtrmadp-3-deepseek-markets-bridgewater.JPG" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/01/28/0/0/3000/2000/110/73/60/0/c886de1_ftp-import-images-1-yxgdm8qmjzx2-2025-01-28t180325z-1571334018-rc2licahla9d-rtrmadp-3-deepseek-markets-bridgewater.JPG" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2025/01/29/unlike-the-sputnik-moment-in-1957-there-probably-won-t-be-a-deepseek-moment-in-the-us_6737544_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Unlike the 'Sputnik moment' in 1957, there probably won't be a 'DeepSeek moment' in the US</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann looks back at the Soviet launch of the satellite in 1957, and President Eisenhower's counteroffensive in favor of science and education, to understand why Trump's US is unlikely to adopt the same approach to stay ahead of China.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on January 29, 2025, at 9:48 am (Paris), updated on January 29, 2025, at 3:43 pm</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/01/23/0/0/1999/1333/780/520/60/0/eb3dd60_ftp-import-images-1-pkblturhml2t-f99c76dbe4114cbeb466a579a0a28223-0-1ceeca9a66ba420492eb10a5c979c7dd.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/01/23/0/0/1999/1333/110/73/60/0/eb3dd60_ftp-import-images-1-pkblturhml2t-f99c76dbe4114cbeb466a579a0a28223-0-1ceeca9a66ba420492eb10a5c979c7dd.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/01/23/0/0/1999/1333/110/73/60/0/eb3dd60_ftp-import-images-1-pkblturhml2t-f99c76dbe4114cbeb466a579a0a28223-0-1ceeca9a66ba420492eb10a5c979c7dd.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2025/01/24/at-davos-hurricane-trump-highlights-international-rifts_6737378_4.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">News analysis</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">At Davos, Hurricane Trump highlights international rifts</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">On Thursday, the American president spoke via video from the White House. The consequences of his return to power are at the heart of the debates at the meeting that opened on Monday.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on January 24, 2025, at 10:58 am (Paris), updated on January 24, 2025, at 11:01 am</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/01/14/0/0/4000/2666/780/520/60/0/01ec7b8_ftp-import-images-1-gavypcabc0bd-5730515-01-06.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/01/14/0/0/4000/2666/110/73/60/0/01ec7b8_ftp-import-images-1-gavypcabc0bd-5730515-01-06.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/01/14/0/0/4000/2666/110/73/60/0/01ec7b8_ftp-import-images-1-gavypcabc0bd-5730515-01-06.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2025/01/15/trump-s-inauguration-is-looking-like-a-gathering-of-the-reactionary-international_6737077_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Trump's inauguration is looking like a gathering of the 'reactionary international'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Without being a formal institution like the Socialist International, a 'reactionary international' nevertheless seems to be taking shape in the shadow of Trumpism, writes Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on January 15, 2025, at 5:06 pm (Paris)</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/12/30/0/0/5119/3413/780/520/60/0/60c3872_2024-12-30t084858z-762556614-rc2kzba38re9-rtrmadp-3-finland-estonia-power.JPG" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/12/30/0/0/5119/3413/110/73/60/0/60c3872_2024-12-30t084858z-762556614-rc2kzba38re9-rtrmadp-3-finland-estonia-power.JPG" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/12/30/0/0/5119/3413/110/73/60/0/60c3872_2024-12-30t084858z-762556614-rc2kzba38re9-rtrmadp-3-finland-estonia-power.JPG" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2025/01/08/at-what-point-does-hybrid-warfare-become-outright-war_6736818_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'At what point does hybrid warfare become outright war?'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Alongside its war in Ukraine, Russia is engaging in another form of conflict, increasingly intense, against the rest of Europe. Europeans are lacking a strategy to deal with it, writes Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on January 8, 2025, at 10:00 am (Paris), updated on January 8, 2025, at 2:57 pm</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/01/02/0/0/5500/3666/780/520/60/0/f45357c_2025-01-02t110111z-1339393098-rc2m8babzdqi-rtrmadp-3-usa-trump-musk-investigations.JPG" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/01/02/0/0/5500/3666/110/73/60/0/f45357c_2025-01-02t110111z-1339393098-rc2m8babzdqi-rtrmadp-3-usa-trump-musk-investigations.JPG" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/01/02/0/0/5500/3666/110/73/60/0/f45357c_2025-01-02t110111z-1339393098-rc2m8babzdqi-rtrmadp-3-usa-trump-musk-investigations.JPG" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2025/01/03/the-trump-year-opens-with-an-anti-democratic-anti-european-offensive-led-by-elon-musk_6736667_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'The Trump year opens with an anti-democratic, anti-European offensive led by Elon Musk'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Like the US president-elect during his first term, the SpaceX boss attacks European leaders and promotes their opponents on X, his social media network. This is a worrying form of interference in a Europe where the far right is flourishing, writes Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on January 3, 2025, at 12:00 pm (Paris), updated on January 3, 2025, at 3:18 pm</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/10/04/0/0/5571/3714/780/520/60/0/b74da31_5874665-01-06.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/10/04/0/0/5571/3714/110/73/60/0/b74da31_5874665-01-06.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/10/04/0/0/5571/3714/110/73/60/0/b74da31_5874665-01-06.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2024/12/11/spend-more-on-european-defense-but-the-coffers-are-empty_6735938_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'Spend more on European defense? But the coffers are empty!'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Andrius Kubilius, the new European commissioner for defense, is calling for €500 billion and a 'big bang' for the military spending and equipment. The extent of this challenge is coming to light both at NATO and within the EU, Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann writes.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on December 11, 2024, at 10:49 am (Paris)</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/11/12/1/0/5500/3666/780/520/60/0/df79bc6_2024-11-12t125154z-898376649-rc2o3bavi295-rtrmadp-3-climate-cop29-statements.JPG" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/11/12/1/0/5500/3666/110/73/60/0/df79bc6_2024-11-12t125154z-898376649-rc2o3bavi295-rtrmadp-3-climate-cop29-statements.JPG" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/11/12/1/0/5500/3666/110/73/60/0/df79bc6_2024-11-12t125154z-898376649-rc2o3bavi295-rtrmadp-3-climate-cop29-statements.JPG" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2024/12/09/finland-s-president-stubb-europe-must-choose-between-yalta-moment-and-helsinki-moment_6735782_4.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Conversation</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Finland's President Stubb: Europe must choose between 'Yalta moment and Helsinki moment'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Finnish President Alexander Stubb says in an interview that Vladimir Putin's Russia must pay a price for its war of aggression against Ukraine.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on December 9, 2024, at 2:35 pm (Paris)</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/12/03/103/0/3528/2352/780/520/60/0/a7d04f6_2024-12-03t105949z-990401683-rc2ouaat0bvo-rtrmadp-3-gm-trump.JPG" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/12/03/103/0/3528/2352/110/73/60/0/a7d04f6_2024-12-03t105949z-990401683-rc2ouaat0bvo-rtrmadp-3-gm-trump.JPG" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/12/03/103/0/3528/2352/110/73/60/0/a7d04f6_2024-12-03t105949z-990401683-rc2ouaat0bvo-rtrmadp-3-gm-trump.JPG" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2024/12/04/trump-s-return-to-washington-is-more-like-a-shock-of-chaos-than-a-shock-of-hope_6735143_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'Trump's return to Washington is more like a shock of chaos than a shock of hope'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">The prospect of Trump's return to the White House has put leaders under pressure and accentuated divisions in Europe, writes Le Monde's Sylvie Kauffmann in her column.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on December 4, 2024, at 11:41 am (Paris), updated on December 4, 2024, at 2:56 pm</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/11/16/325/285/2927/1951/780/520/60/0/c7b84a0_1731768289085-2024-11-ukraine-lemonde-madyar-6.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/11/16/325/285/2927/1951/110/73/60/0/c7b84a0_1731768289085-2024-11-ukraine-lemonde-madyar-6.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/11/16/325/285/2927/1951/110/73/60/0/c7b84a0_1731768289085-2024-11-ukraine-lemonde-madyar-6.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2024/11/20/the-arrival-of-north-korean-troops-and-trump-s-election-have-shifted-the-balance-in-ukraine_6733461_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'The arrival of North Korean troops and Trump's election have shifted the balance in Ukraine'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">The war in Europe is encountering two turning points on the international scene. Paradoxically, Volodymyr Zelensky and Donald Trump converge on one concept: 'peace through strength,' explains Le Monde's Sylvie Kauffmann in her column.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on November 20, 2024, at 3:01 pm (Paris)</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/11/12/0/0/6000/4000/780/520/60/0/23fd9a1_1731437208368-512405.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/11/12/0/0/6000/4000/110/73/60/0/23fd9a1_1731437208368-512405.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/11/12/0/0/6000/4000/110/73/60/0/23fd9a1_1731437208368-512405.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2024/11/13/one-week-after-trump-s-election-a-new-alignment-is-emerging-in-europe_6732710_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'One week after Trump's election, a new alignment is emerging in Europe'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Faced with the prospect of a settlement of the war in Ukraine from which they could be excluded, some European countries, such as Poland, are taking action, writes Le Monde's Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on November 13, 2024, at 4:31 pm (Paris), updated on November 14, 2024, at 10:23 am</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2021/07/15/3/0/4480/2986/780/520/60/0/7fc50cf_5222727-01-06.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2021/07/15/3/0/4480/2986/110/73/60/0/7fc50cf_5222727-01-06.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2021/07/15/3/0/4480/2986/110/73/60/0/7fc50cf_5222727-01-06.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2024/11/06/in-denial-europeans-still-want-to-rely-on-their-american-ally-as-if-nothing-has-changed_6731762_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'In denial, Europeans still want to rely on their American ally as if nothing has changed'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Poland's prime minister wants Europe to assume its own strength without depending on political turbulence in the US. Wishful thinking: Europe is not ready, writes Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on November 6, 2024, at 6:31 am (Paris)</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/10/23/2/0/2584/1722/780/520/60/0/30f3772_fa675601b6a94b4b9b582de4932a5443-0-d49cf8c72f5d46be8f512a0dc6863abb.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/10/23/2/0/2584/1722/110/73/60/0/30f3772_fa675601b6a94b4b9b582de4932a5443-0-d49cf8c72f5d46be8f512a0dc6863abb.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/10/23/2/0/2584/1722/110/73/60/0/30f3772_fa675601b6a94b4b9b582de4932a5443-0-d49cf8c72f5d46be8f512a0dc6863abb.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2024/10/23/seen-from-europe-trump-s-discursive-style-is-not-only-confusing-it-s-completely-off-the-rails_6730199_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'Seen from Europe, Trump's 'discursive style' is not only confusing, it's completely off the rails'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">The Republican candidate is not the first populist in the US, but he has broken the rules observed by his predecessors 30 years ago. His possible re-election on November 5 would profoundly unsettle the democratic system, writes Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on October 23, 2024, at 10:19 am (Paris), updated on October 23, 2024, at 6:16 pm</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/10/15/0/0/6000/4000/780/520/60/0/01a0e3e_5962365-01-06.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/10/15/0/0/6000/4000/110/73/60/0/01a0e3e_5962365-01-06.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/10/15/0/0/6000/4000/110/73/60/0/01a0e3e_5962365-01-06.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2024/10/16/ukraine-s-defeat-if-trump-were-elected-would-also-be-europe-s-defeat_6729545_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'Ukraine's defeat, if Trump were elected, would also be Europe's defeat'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">If elected, the former Republican president would want to settle the Ukrainian conflict directly with Vladimir Putin. This is a major challenge, for which Europe is not prepared, warns Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on October 16, 2024, at 11:44 am (Paris), updated on October 17, 2024, at 6:51 am</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/10/07/0/65/2719/1813/780/520/60/0/b0dcc2e_2024-10-07t085635z-1321508915-rc259aar9oby-rtrmadp-3-georgia-election-impeachment.JPG" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/10/07/0/65/2719/1813/110/73/60/0/b0dcc2e_2024-10-07t085635z-1321508915-rc259aar9oby-rtrmadp-3-georgia-election-impeachment.JPG" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/10/07/0/65/2719/1813/110/73/60/0/b0dcc2e_2024-10-07t085635z-1321508915-rc259aar9oby-rtrmadp-3-georgia-election-impeachment.JPG" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2024/10/09/georgia-s-elections-are-a-new-geopolitical-test-for-the-eu_6728759_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Georgia's elections are a new geopolitical test for the EU</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">The October 26 parliamentary elections will be decisive for Georgians' future, as they will have to choose between two visions of Europe, writes Le Monde's columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on October 9, 2024, at 1:08 pm (Paris), updated on October 9, 2024, at 4:28 pm</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/09/04/0/0/4025/2683/780/520/60/0/d3116e8_2024-09-04t171614z-1655527048-rc2kt9ag7rat-rtrmadp-3-europe-migrants-france.JPG" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/09/04/0/0/4025/2683/110/73/60/0/d3116e8_2024-09-04t171614z-1655527048-rc2kt9ag7rat-rtrmadp-3-europe-migrants-france.JPG" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/09/04/0/0/4025/2683/110/73/60/0/d3116e8_2024-09-04t171614z-1655527048-rc2kt9ag7rat-rtrmadp-3-europe-migrants-france.JPG" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2024/10/02/who-will-construct-the-political-narrative-of-the-realities-of-migration_6728002_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'Who will construct the political narrative of the realities of migration?'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Inflamed by the far right, the migration issue presents social democratic parties with a dilemma: Re-establish control without endorsing inhumane policies, writes Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on October 2, 2024, at 7:00 pm (Paris)</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/09/18/0/0/5802/3868/780/520/60/0/2235964_1726643567297-061fd81-1676949495070-735309.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/09/18/0/0/5802/3868/110/73/60/0/2235964_1726643567297-061fd81-1676949495070-735309.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/09/18/0/0/5802/3868/110/73/60/0/2235964_1726643567297-061fd81-1676949495070-735309.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2024/09/18/zelensky-hopes-to-get-an-invitation-for-ukraine-to-join-nato-out-of-biden-before-he-leaves-the-white-house_6726467_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'Zelensky hopes to get an invitation for Ukraine to join NATO out of Biden before he leaves the White House'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">The Ukrainian president, hoping to hasten the end of the war, seeks to persuade the US president to take decisive action and enable Kyiv to enter negotiations from a position of strength, writes Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on September 18, 2024, at 10:23 am (Paris), updated on September 18, 2024, at 2:26 pm</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/09/16/516/0/3617/2411/780/520/60/0/f5896a5_1726500693893-000-34m29h8.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/09/16/516/0/3617/2411/110/73/60/0/f5896a5_1726500693893-000-34m29h8.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/09/16/516/0/3617/2411/110/73/60/0/f5896a5_1726500693893-000-34m29h8.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2024/09/17/poland-europe-s-new-key-player_6726374_4.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">News</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Poland, Europe's new key player</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Threatened by Moscow, buoyed by its economic growth and disappointed by Berlin's attitude, Warsaw intends to play a major role within the EU 27, particularly on defense issues.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on September 17, 2024, at 3:18 pm (Paris)</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/09/11/0/0/4500/3000/780/520/60/0/d710201_1726072977339-000-36fg7ad.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/09/11/0/0/4500/3000/110/73/60/0/d710201_1726072977339-000-36fg7ad.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/09/11/0/0/4500/3000/110/73/60/0/d710201_1726072977339-000-36fg7ad.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2024/09/12/polish-foreign-minister-radoslaw-sikorski-ukraine-s-capacity-to-endure-is-not-infinite_6725771_4.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Interview</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Polish Foreign Minister Radoslaw Sikorski: 'Ukraine's capacity to endure is not infinite'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">In an interview with Le Monde, the Polish head of diplomacy, who visits Kyiv on Thursday, justifies the need to allow Kyiv to strike military targets on Russian territory with long-range missiles.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on September 12, 2024, at 12:43 pm (Paris)</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/09/09/0/5/3990/2660/780/520/60/0/35b8148_5627857-01-06.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/09/09/0/5/3990/2660/110/73/60/0/35b8148_5627857-01-06.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/09/09/0/5/3990/2660/110/73/60/0/35b8148_5627857-01-06.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2024/09/11/from-silk-roads-to-green-tech-china-s-influence-strategy-in-europe-has-evolved-but-not-the-method_6725618_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'The substance of China's influence strategy in Europe has evolved, but not the method'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">By banking on its technological power, Beijing is seeking to regain the ground lost with European elites following the Covid-19 pandemic. But its support for Russia in the war in Ukraine remains an obstacle, writes Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on September 11, 2024, at 12:45 pm (Paris), updated on September 11, 2024, at 4:12 pm</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/13/0/0/5992/3994/780/520/60/0/b099dda_5417068-01-06.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/13/0/0/5992/3994/110/73/60/0/b099dda_5417068-01-06.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/13/0/0/5992/3994/110/73/60/0/b099dda_5417068-01-06.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2024/09/04/western-policy-allows-ukraine-to-wage-war-but-not-win-it-or-survive-afterward_6724741_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'Western policy allows Ukraine to wage war, but not win it or survive afterward'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">According to President Volodymyr Zelensky, Ukraine's incursion into Russia was aimed at forcing Moscow to end its aggression. Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann writes that this stunt has shattered the idea of a stalemate, but it has not changed the course of the war.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on September 4, 2024, at 12:00 pm (Paris), updated on September 4, 2024, at 12:02 pm</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/25/0/0/4294/2862/780/520/60/0/041a9ea_1724602498581-168308.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/25/0/0/4294/2862/110/73/60/0/041a9ea_1724602498581-168308.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/25/0/0/4294/2862/110/73/60/0/041a9ea_1724602498581-168308.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2024/08/26/harris-is-redefining-feminism-and-femininity-in-politics_6721804_4.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">News analysis</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Harris is redefining feminism and femininity in politics</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Despite being a feminist and Black, the Democratic candidate who would be the first woman of color in the White House has taken a low-key approach to gender and ethnicity issues.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on August 26, 2024, at 11:06 am (Paris), updated on August 27, 2024, at 2:01 pm</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/07/09/0/0/4092/2728/780/520/60/0/1880c11_5034199-01-06.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/07/09/0/0/4092/2728/110/73/60/0/1880c11_5034199-01-06.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/07/09/0/0/4092/2728/110/73/60/0/1880c11_5034199-01-06.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2024/07/10/orban-s-maneuvers-on-both-the-european-and-international-stage-are-symptomatic-of-a-general-disorganization-of-western-leadership_6679712_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'Orban's maneuvers, on both the EU and international stage, are symptomatic of a broad disorganization of Western leadership'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">The Hungarian prime minister is taking advantage of major Western leaders' weakness to play the troublemaker, both inside and outside the EU. It's a strategy that should not be underestimated, writes columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on July 10, 2024, at 4:04 am (Paris), updated on July 10, 2024, at 10:30 am</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2022/02/25/0/0/1999/1333/780/520/60/0/528c8b3_1645801793032-macron-otan-web-03.JPG" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2022/02/25/0/0/1999/1333/110/73/60/0/528c8b3_1645801793032-macron-otan-web-03.JPG" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2022/02/25/0/0/1999/1333/110/73/60/0/528c8b3_1645801793032-macron-otan-web-03.JPG" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2024/07/03/for-nato-members-not-knowing-where-they-stand-with-france-will-be-a-problem_6676533_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'For NATO members, not knowing where they stand with France will be a problem'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">The fragility of candidate Joe Biden in the debate against Donald Trump and the uncertainty surrounding the organization of power in Paris will weigh on the celebrations of the 75th anniversary of NATO in Washington, DC, on July 10 and 11.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on July 3, 2024, at 9:47 am (Paris)</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/06/26/0/0/6000/4000/780/520/60/0/2a14b25_1719382252717-828973.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/06/26/0/0/6000/4000/110/73/60/0/2a14b25_1719382252717-828973.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/06/26/0/0/6000/4000/110/73/60/0/2a14b25_1719382252717-828973.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2024/06/26/ukrainians-have-reached-the-stage-where-exhausted-by-a-sprint-they-realize-they-actually-have-to-run-a-marathon_6675815_4.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'Ukrainians have reached the stage where, exhausted by a sprint, they realize they actually have to run a marathon'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">The methodical destruction by Russian forces of the country's energy infrastructure, and the chronic power cuts it is causing outside the combat zones show the extent to which war has taken hold in Ukraine, observes Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on June 26, 2024, at 2:02 pm (Paris)</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/06/07/1/0/3400/2266/780/520/60/0/49dcee3_5713050-01-06.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/06/07/1/0/3400/2266/110/73/60/0/49dcee3_5713050-01-06.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/06/07/1/0/3400/2266/110/73/60/0/49dcee3_5713050-01-06.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2024/06/12/make-no-mistake-if-the-rn-were-to-govern-in-france-it-would-go-back-to-its-diplomatic-dna-of-nationalism-and-fascination-with-the-great-russia_6674561_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'Make no mistake: If the RN were to govern in France, it would go back to its diplomatic DNA of nationalism and fascination with the great Russia'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">It's no surprise that Moscow welcomed the rise of the far right in the European elections on June 9. It serves its interests, as does the weakening of both Emmanuel Macron and Olaf Scholz on the international stage, writes columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on June 12, 2024, at 11:18 am (Paris), updated on June 13, 2024, at 9:23 am</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2020/09/03/0/48/3403/2269/780/520/60/0/b695149_936113411-000_Par7900330.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2020/09/03/0/48/3403/2269/110/73/60/0/b695149_936113411-000_Par7900330.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2020/09/03/0/48/3403/2269/110/73/60/0/b695149_936113411-000_Par7900330.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2024/06/05/with-the-last-d-day-veterans-goes-a-certain-idea-of-america-s-role_6673817_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'With the last D-Day veterans goes a certain idea of American leadership'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">From Ronald Reagan's flamboyant 1984 speech to Barack Obama's 2014 military retreat, each decade's D-Day commemorations mark the historical evolution of leadership, writes columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on June 5, 2024, at 10:48 am (Paris), updated on June 5, 2024, at 6:22 pm</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/05/15/0/0/6000/4000/780/520/60/0/34464fe_e9edbc4425e141e6819df8f556574182-0-133e41d0e1b9414aa787a4c09a537a1e.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/05/15/0/0/6000/4000/110/73/60/0/34464fe_e9edbc4425e141e6819df8f556574182-0-133e41d0e1b9414aa787a4c09a537a1e.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/05/15/0/0/6000/4000/110/73/60/0/34464fe_e9edbc4425e141e6819df8f556574182-0-133e41d0e1b9414aa787a4c09a537a1e.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2024/05/29/today-many-western-experts-are-ready-to-admit-that-for-washington-the-war-in-ukraine-is-not-existential_6672995_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'Today, many Western experts are ready to admit that for Washington, the war in Ukraine is not existential'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">The Biden administration's reluctance to commit further to enabling the Ukrainians to retaliate against the Russian offensive has led some of America's allies to doubt its reliability, writes Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on May 29, 2024, at 11:43 am (Paris)</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/05/15/0/0/5472/3648/780/520/60/0/5d7f035_2024-05-15t092342z-1597498366-rc2bp7a4a3vr-rtrmadp-3-georgia-politics-eu.JPG" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/05/15/0/0/5472/3648/110/73/60/0/5d7f035_2024-05-15t092342z-1597498366-rc2bp7a4a3vr-rtrmadp-3-georgia-politics-eu.JPG" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/05/15/0/0/5472/3648/110/73/60/0/5d7f035_2024-05-15t092342z-1597498366-rc2bp7a4a3vr-rtrmadp-3-georgia-politics-eu.JPG" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2024/05/15/by-procrastinating-too-long-europe-risks-running-out-of-options-in-georgia_6671574_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'By procrastinating too long, Europe risks running out of options in Georgia'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Europe is closely watching as tension builds in Georgia, where the Parliament has just passed a widely criticized bill on 'foreign influence.' But no one seems to know how to avoid triggering what Ukraine has undergone, writes Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on May 15, 2024, at 4:58 pm (Paris)</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2018/03/11/0/0/3725/2483/780/520/60/0/e9ddf40_b84bcdffa60b49528538ea4d7cba6f8d-b84bcdffa60b49528538ea4d7cba6f8d-0.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2018/03/11/0/0/3725/2483/110/73/60/0/e9ddf40_b84bcdffa60b49528538ea4d7cba6f8d-b84bcdffa60b49528538ea4d7cba6f8d-0.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2018/03/11/0/0/3725/2483/110/73/60/0/e9ddf40_b84bcdffa60b49528538ea4d7cba6f8d-b84bcdffa60b49528538ea4d7cba6f8d-0.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2024/04/24/a-trump-victory-may-prove-to-be-a-powerful-factor-in-dividing-europe_6669350_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'A Trump victory may prove to be a powerful factor in dividing Europe'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Should he win the 2024 US election, the biggest danger for the 27 member states would lie in Donald Trump's approach to the war between Ukraine and Russia, writes Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on April 24, 2024, at 9:30 am (Paris)</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/03/24/0/0/3500/2333/780/520/60/0/fc84130_hfssin107-us-china-tech-cables-0320-11.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/03/24/0/0/3500/2333/110/73/60/0/fc84130_hfssin107-us-china-tech-cables-0320-11.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/03/24/0/0/3500/2333/110/73/60/0/fc84130_hfssin107-us-china-tech-cables-0320-11.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2024/04/17/the-war-in-ukraine-has-in-practice-thrown-russia-into-china-s-arms_6668676_23.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Column</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">'The war in Ukraine has, in practice, thrown Russia into China's arms'</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">In the global balance of power, Russia's pivot towards China and its possible integration into a 'Pax Sinica' have prompted Washington to ask Europeans to put pressure on Beijing, writes Le Monde columnist Sylvie Kauffmann.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Published on April 17, 2024, at 11:00 am (Paris)</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/sylvie-kauffmann/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Sylvie Kauffmann</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> </div> <section class="river__pagination"> <a 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