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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="contingency planning"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3493</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: contingency planning</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3493</span> Contingency Screening Using Risk Factor Considering Transmission Line Outage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Marsadek">M. Marsadek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Mohamed"> A. Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Power system security analysis is the most time demanding process due to large number of possible contingencies that need to be analyzed.  In a power system, any contingency resulting in security violation such as line overload or low voltage may occur for a number of reasons at any time.  To efficiently rank a contingency, both probability and the extent of security violation must be considered so as not to underestimate the risk associated with the contingency. This paper proposed a contingency ranking method that take into account the probabilistic nature of power system and the severity of contingency by using a newly developed method based on risk factor.  The proposed technique is implemented on IEEE 24-bus system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=line%20overload" title="line overload">line overload</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20voltage" title=" low voltage"> low voltage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probability" title=" probability"> probability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factor" title=" risk factor"> risk factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=severity" title=" severity"> severity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32664/contingency-screening-using-risk-factor-considering-transmission-line-outage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32664.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">545</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3492</span> Contingent Presences in Architecture: Vitruvian Theory as a Beginning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zelal%20%C3%87%C4%B1nar">Zelal Çınar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper claims that architecture is a contingent discipline, despite the fact that its contingency has long been denied through a retreat to Vitruvian writing. It is evident that contingency is rejected not only by architecture but also by modernity as a whole. Vitruvius attempted to cover the entire field of architecture in a systematic form in order to bring the whole body of this great discipline to a complete order. The legacy of his theory hitherto lasted not only that it is the only major work on the architecture of Classical Antiquity to have survived, but also that its conformity with the project of modernity. In the scope of the paper, it will be argued that contingency should be taken into account rather than avoided as a potential threat. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architecture" title="architecture">architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contingency" title=" contingency"> contingency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modernity" title=" modernity"> modernity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vitruvius" title=" Vitruvius"> Vitruvius</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7507/contingent-presences-in-architecture-vitruvian-theory-as-a-beginning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7507.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3491</span> Working Capital Management and Profitability of Uk Firms: A Contingency Theory Approach </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishmael%20Tingbani">Ishmael Tingbani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper adopts a contingency theory approach to investigate the relationship between working capital management and profitability using data of 225 listed British firms on the London Stock Exchange for the period 2001-2011. The paper employs a panel data analysis on a series of interactive models to estimate this relationship. The findings of the study confirm the relevance of the contingency theory. Evidence from the study suggests that the impact of working capital management on profitability varies and is constrained by organizational contingencies (environment, resources, and management factors) of the firm. These findings have implications for a more balanced and nuanced view of working capital management policy for policy-makers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=working%20capital%20management" title="working capital management">working capital management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=profitability" title=" profitability"> profitability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contingency%20theory%20approach" title=" contingency theory approach"> contingency theory approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interactive%20models" title=" interactive models"> interactive models</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52986/working-capital-management-and-profitability-of-uk-firms-a-contingency-theory-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52986.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">347</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3490</span> Framework for Socio-Technical Issues in Requirements Engineering for Developing Resilient Machine Vision Systems Using Levels of Automation through the Lifecycle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ryan%20Messina">Ryan Messina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehedi%20Hasan"> Mehedi Hasan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research is to examine the impacts of using data to generate performance requirements for automation in visual inspections using machine vision. These situations are intended for design and how projects can smooth the transfer of tacit knowledge to using an algorithm. We have proposed a framework when specifying machine vision systems. This framework utilizes varying levels of automation as contingency planning to reduce data processing complexity. Using data assists in extracting tacit knowledge from those who can perform the manual tasks to assist design the system; this means that real data from the system is always referenced and minimizes errors between participating parties. We propose using three indicators to know if the project has a high risk of failing to meet requirements related to accuracy and reliability. All systems tested achieved a better integration into operations after applying the framework. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automation" title="automation">automation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contingency%20planning" title=" contingency planning"> contingency planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20engineering" title=" continuous engineering"> continuous engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20theory" title=" control theory"> control theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20vision" title=" machine vision"> machine vision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20requirements" title=" system requirements"> system requirements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20thinking" title=" system thinking"> system thinking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97643/framework-for-socio-technical-issues-in-requirements-engineering-for-developing-resilient-machine-vision-systems-using-levels-of-automation-through-the-lifecycle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97643.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3489</span> Wavelets Contribution on Textual Data Analysis </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habiba%20Ben%20Abdessalem">Habiba Ben Abdessalem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The emergence of giant set of textual data was the push that has encouraged researchers to invest in this field. The purpose of textual data analysis methods is to facilitate access to such type of data by providing various graphic visualizations. Applying these methods requires a corpus pretreatment step, whose standards are set according to the objective of the problem studied. This step determines the forms list contained in contingency table by keeping only those information carriers. This step may, however, lead to noisy contingency tables, so the use of wavelet denoising function. The validity of the proposed approach is tested on a text database that offers economic and political events in Tunisia for a well definite period. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=textual%20data" title="textual data">textual data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wavelet" title=" wavelet"> wavelet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=denoising" title=" denoising"> denoising</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contingency%20table" title=" contingency table"> contingency table</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61909/wavelets-contribution-on-textual-data-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61909.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">278</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3488</span> Whale Optimization Algorithm for Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch Solution Under Various Contingency Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Medani%20Khaled%20Ben%20Oualid">Medani Khaled Ben Oualid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Most of researchers solved and analyzed the ORPD problem in the normal conditions. However, network collapses appear in contingency conditions. In this paper, ORPD under several contingencies is presented using the proposed method WOA. To ensure viability of the power system in contingency conditions, several critical cases are simulated in order to prevent and prepare the power system to face such situations. The results obtained are carried out in IEEE 30 bus test system for the solution of ORPD problem in which control of bus voltages, tap position of transformers and reactive power sources are involved. Moreover, another method, namely, Particle Swarm Optimization with Time Varying Acceleration Coefficient (PSO-TVAC) has been compared with the proposed technique. Simulation results indicate that the proposed WOA gives remarkable solution in terms of effectiveness in case of outages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20reactive%20power%20dispatch" title="optimal reactive power dispatch">optimal reactive power dispatch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metaheuristic%20techniques" title=" metaheuristic techniques"> metaheuristic techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=whale%20optimization%20algorithm" title=" whale optimization algorithm"> whale optimization algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real%20power%20loss%20minimization" title=" real power loss minimization"> real power loss minimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contingency%20conditions" title=" contingency conditions"> contingency conditions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167025/whale-optimization-algorithm-for-optimal-reactive-power-dispatch-solution-under-various-contingency-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167025.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3487</span> Assessment of ATC with Shunt FACTS Devices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashwani%20Kumar">Ashwani Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jitender%20Kumar"> Jitender Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, an optimal power flow based approach has been applied for multi-transactions deregulated environment for ATC determination with SVC and STATCOM. The main contribution of the paper is (i) OPF based approach for evaluation of ATC with multi-transactions, (ii) ATC enhancement with FACTS devices viz. SVC and STATCOM for intact and line contingency cases, (iii) impact of ZIP load on ATC determination and comparison of ATC obtained with SVC and STATCOM. The results have been determined for intact and line contingency cases taking simultaneous as well as single transaction cases for IEEE 24 bus RTS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=available%20transfer%20capability" title="available transfer capability">available transfer capability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FACTS%20devices" title=" FACTS devices"> FACTS devices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=line%20contingency" title=" line contingency"> line contingency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-transactions" title=" multi-transactions"> multi-transactions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZIP%20load%20model" title=" ZIP load model"> ZIP load model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1583/assessment-of-atc-with-shunt-facts-devices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1583.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">602</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3486</span> Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch under Various Contingency Conditions Using Whale Optimization Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Ben%20Oualid%20Medani">Khaled Ben Oualid Medani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samir%20Sayah"> Samir Sayah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch (ORPD) problem has been solved and analysed usually in the normal conditions. However, network collapses appear in contingency conditions. In this paper, ORPD under several contingencies is presented using the proposed method WOA. To ensure viability of the power system in contingency conditions, several critical cases are simulated in order to prevent and prepare the power system to face such situations. The results obtained are carried out in IEEE 30 bus test system for the solution of ORPD problem in which control of bus voltages, tap position of transformers and reactive power sources are involved. Moreover, another method, namely, Particle Swarm Optimization with Time Varying Acceleration Coefficient (PSO-TVAC) has been compared with the proposed technique. Simulation results indicate that the proposed WOA gives remarkable solution in terms of effectiveness in case of outages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20reactive%20power%20dispatch" title="optimal reactive power dispatch">optimal reactive power dispatch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20system%20analysis" title=" power system analysis"> power system analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real%20power%20loss%20minimization" title=" real power loss minimization"> real power loss minimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contingency%20condition" title=" contingency condition"> contingency condition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metaheuristic%20technique" title=" metaheuristic technique"> metaheuristic technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=whale%20optimization%20algorithm" title=" whale optimization algorithm"> whale optimization algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104814/optimal-reactive-power-dispatch-under-various-contingency-conditions-using-whale-optimization-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104814.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">121</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3485</span> Governance Models of Higher Education Institutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zoran%20Barac">Zoran Barac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maja%20Martinovic"> Maja Martinovic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are a special kind of organization, with its unique purpose and combination of actors. From the societal point of view, they are central institutions in the society that are involved in the activities of education, research, and innovation. At the same time, their societal function derives complex relationships between involved actors, ranging from students, faculty and administration, business community and corporate partners, government agencies, to the general public. HEIs are also particularly interesting as objects of governance research because of their unique public purpose and combination of stakeholders. Furthermore, they are the special type of institutions from an organizational viewpoint. HEIs are often described as “loosely coupled systems” or “organized anarchies“ that implies the challenging nature of their governance models. Governance models of HEIs describe roles, constellations, and modes of interaction of the involved actors in the process of strategic direction and holistic control of institutions, taking into account each particular context. Many governance models of the HEIs are primarily based on the balance of power among the involved actors. Besides the actors’ power and influence, leadership style and environmental contingency could impact the governance model of an HEI. Analyzing them through the frameworks of institutional and contingency theories, HEI governance models originate as outcomes of their institutional and contingency adaptation. HEIs tend to fit to institutional context comprised of formal and informal institutional rules. By fitting to institutional context, HEIs are converging to each other in terms of their structures, policies, and practices. On the other hand, contingency framework implies that there is no governance model that is suitable for all situations. Consequently, the contingency approach begins with identifying contingency variables that might impact a particular governance model. In order to be effective, the governance model should fit to contingency variables. While the institutional context creates converging forces on HEI governance actors and approaches, contingency variables are the causes of divergence of actors’ behavior and governance models. Finally, an HEI governance model is a balanced adaptation of the HEIs to the institutional context and contingency variables. It also encompasses roles, constellations, and modes of interaction of involved actors influenced by institutional and contingency pressures. Actors’ adaptation to the institutional context brings benefits of legitimacy and resources. On the other hand, the adaptation of the actors’ to the contingency variables brings high performance and effectiveness. HEI governance models outlined and analyzed in this paper are collegial, bureaucratic, entrepreneurial, network, professional, political, anarchical, cybernetic, trustee, stakeholder, and amalgam models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=governance" title="governance">governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=governance%20models" title=" governance models"> governance models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20education%20institutions" title=" higher education institutions"> higher education institutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20context" title=" institutional context"> institutional context</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=situational%20context" title=" situational context"> situational context</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64147/governance-models-of-higher-education-institutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64147.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3484</span> How COVID-19 Pandemic Contingency Measures Impacted on Environmental Practices in Food Service in Portugal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ada%20Rocha">Ada Rocha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beatriz%20Almeida"> Beatriz Almeida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cl%C3%A1udia%20Viegas"> Cláudia Viegas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Considering the growing trend of food consumption outside the home, Food Service units (FSU) achieved importance and responsibility in feeding the population. FSU have a strong environmental impact since the large-scale production of meals implies a high use of resources and produce high amounts of waste with economic and environmental consequences. At the end of 2019, with the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic, this effort towards sustainability was affected by the contingency measures imposed to stop the spread of the virus. Preventive measures in FSU, include the provision of cutlery and paper napkins in individual bags, the use of disposable paper towels, the supply of individual portions of bread and spices, as well as bottled water. These measures are, in many cases, a setback and an obstacle to the implementation of more sustainable practices and imply greater consumption of natural resources and materials. The present study aimed to assess the impact of the implementation of the contingency measures for the Covid-19 pandemic on the environmental practices of FSU in Portugal. A questionnaire was developed to characterize the FSU and the impact of the implementation of contingency measures for the Covid-19 pandemic. A great impact of the implementation of the contingency measures in the sustainability of FSU was observed, highlighting concerns about the need to keep these measures, some of them adopted due to fear of the unknown and its consequences on an ongoing successful process. Policymakers should keep only the ones that may prove to be efficient and positive and abandon or relieve the unnecessary ones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20service" title=" food service"> food service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SGD" title=" SGD"> SGD</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164298/how-covid-19-pandemic-contingency-measures-impacted-on-environmental-practices-in-food-service-in-portugal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164298.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3483</span> The Change in Management Accounting from an Institutional and Contingency Perspective. A Case Study for a Romanian Company</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriel%20Jinga">Gabriel Jinga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madalina%20Dumitru"> Madalina Dumitru</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this paper is to present the process of change in management accounting in Romania, a former communist country from Eastern Europe. In order to explain this process, we used the contingency and institutional theories. We focused on the following directions: the presentation of the scientific context and motivation of this research and the case study. We presented the state of the art in the process of change in the management accounting from the international and national perspective. We also described the evolution of management accounting in Romania in the context of economic and political changes. An important moment was the fall of communism in 1989. This represents a starting point for a new economic environment and for new management accounting. Accordingly, we developed a case study which presented this evolution. The conclusion of our research was that the changes in the management accounting system of the company analysed occurred in the same time with the institutionalisation of some elements (e.g. degree of competition, training and competencies in management accounting). The management accounting system was modelled by the contingencies specific to this company (e.g. environment, industry, strategy). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management%20accounting" title="management accounting">management accounting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=change" title=" change"> change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Romania" title=" Romania"> Romania</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contingency%20and%20institutional%20theory" title=" contingency and institutional theory"> contingency and institutional theory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22403/the-change-in-management-accounting-from-an-institutional-and-contingency-perspective-a-case-study-for-a-romanian-company" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22403.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">422</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3482</span> Decision Quality as an Antecedent to Export Performance. Empirical Evidence under a Contingency Theory Lens</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evagelos%20Korobilis-Magas">Evagelos Korobilis-Magas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adekunle%20Oke"> Adekunle Oke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The constantly increasing tendency towards a global economy and the subsequent increase in exporting, as a result, has inevitably led to a growing interest in the topic of export success as well. Numerous studies, particularly in the past three decades, have examined a plethora of determinants to export performance. However, to the authors' best knowledge, no study up to date has ever considered decision quality as a potential antecedent to export success by attempting to test the relationship between decision quality and export performance. This is a surprising deficiency given that the export marketing literature has long ago suggested that quality decisions are regarded as the crucial intervening variable between sound decision–making and export performance. This study integrates the different definitions of decision quality proposed in the literature and the key themes incorporated therein and adapts it to an export context. Apart from laying the conceptual foundations for the delineation of this elusive but very important construct, this study is the first ever to test the relationship between decision quality and export performance. Based on survey data from a sample of 189 British export decision-makers and within a contingency theory framework, the results reveal that there is a direct, positive link between decision quality and export performance. This finding opens significant future research avenues and has very important implications for both theory and practice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=export%20performance" title="export performance">export performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20quality" title=" decision quality"> decision quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20methods" title=" mixed methods"> mixed methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contingency%20theory" title=" contingency theory"> contingency theory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156288/decision-quality-as-an-antecedent-to-export-performance-empirical-evidence-under-a-contingency-theory-lens" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156288.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">95</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3481</span> Most Important Educational Planning Issues in the Developing Countries </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naeem%20Khan">Naeem Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In 1971 Williams in his essay titled "What Educational Planning is About in Higher Education" defined educational planning as "planning in education, as in anything else consist essentially of deciding, in advance, what you want, to do and how you are going to do in". In the “World Year book of Education”. While Anderson and Bowman in 1976 in their joint article titled "Theoretical Considerations in Educational Planning" defined it as "the process of preparing a set of decisions for future action pertaining in education". There are so many other definitions which are related to educational planning in which every one stress on the importance of educational planning. But developing countries face a lot of problems related to the educational planning and this paper is to discuss few of them. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20planning" title="educational planning">educational planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=problems" title=" problems"> problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20countries" title=" developing countries"> developing countries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education%20system" title=" education system"> education system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=" title=" "> </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22287/most-important-educational-planning-issues-in-the-developing-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22287.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">554</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3480</span> Performance Shortfalls and Corporate Recidivism: A Contingency Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kepeng%20Li">Kepeng Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines the phenomenon of recidivism in the Chinese stock market, emphasizing the significance of mitigating repeat offences within the corporate domain. Using a contingency model and data from Chinese publicly listed companies (1999-2018), the study investigates the impact of underperformance, governance factors, and managerial traits on unethical conduct. The research suggests that persistently unmet economic objectives can foster problem-focused exploration, potentially leading to misconduct. Furthermore, the study considers the unique cultural context of China, where “guanxi” and corruption may influence corporate behavior. It concludes that governance mechanisms play a pivotal role in regulating corporate behavior, underscoring the necessity for enhanced oversight and enforcement of corporate governance standards. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recidivism" title="recidivism">recidivism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20misbehavior" title=" corporate misbehavior"> corporate misbehavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BTOF" title=" BTOF"> BTOF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aspiration%20level" title=" aspiration level"> aspiration level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title=" corporate governance"> corporate governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=individual%20characteristics" title=" individual characteristics"> individual characteristics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166928/performance-shortfalls-and-corporate-recidivism-a-contingency-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166928.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3479</span> Strategic Planning in South African Higher Education </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noxolo%20Mafu">Noxolo Mafu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study presents an overview of strategic planning in South African higher education institutions by tracing its trends and mystique in order to identify its impact. Over the democratic decades, strategic planning has become integral to institutional survival. It has been used as a potent tool by several institutions to catch up and surpass counterparts. While planning has always been part of higher education, strategic planning should be considered different. Strategic planning is primarily about development and maintenance of a strategic fitting between an institution and its dynamic opportunities. This presupposes existence of sets of stages that institutions pursue of which, can be regarded for assessment of the impact of strategic planning in an institution. The network theory serves guides the study in demystifying apparent organisational networks in strategic planning processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20theory" title="network theory">network theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategy" title=" strategy"> strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planning" title=" planning"> planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20planning" title=" strategic planning"> strategic planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment" title=" assessment"> assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact" title=" impact"> impact</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57681/strategic-planning-in-south-african-higher-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57681.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">562</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3478</span> Determination of the Economic Planning Depth for Assembly Process Planning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Kampker">A. Kampker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Burggr%C3%A4f"> P. Burggräf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20B%C3%A4umers"> Y. Bäumers </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to be competitive, companies have to reduce their production costs while meeting increasing quality requirements. Therefore, companies try to plan their assembly processes as detailed as possible. However, increasing product individualization leading to a higher number of variants, smaller batch sizes and shorter product life cycles raise the question to what extent the effort of detailed planning is still justified. An important approach in this field of research is the concept of determining the economic planning depth for assembly process planning based on production specific influencing factors. In this paper, first solution hypotheses as well as a first draft of the resulting method will be presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assembly%20process%20planning" title="assembly process planning">assembly process planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20planning%20depth" title=" economic planning depth"> economic planning depth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planning%20benefit" title=" planning benefit"> planning benefit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planning%20effort" title=" planning effort"> planning effort</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30242/determination-of-the-economic-planning-depth-for-assembly-process-planning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30242.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">504</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3477</span> Analysis on the Development and Evolution of China’s Territorial Spatial Planning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=He%20YuanYan">He YuanYan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, China has implemented the reform of land and space planning. As an important public policy, land and space planning plays a vital role in the construction and development of cities. Land and space planning throughout the country is in full swing, but there are still many disputes from all walks of life. The content, scope, and specific implementation process of land and space planning are also ambiguous, leading to the integration of multiple regulation problems such as unclear authority, unclear responsibilities, and poor planning results during the implementation of land and space planning. Therefore, it is necessary to sort out the development and evolution of domestic and foreign land space planning, clarify the problems and cruxes from the current situation of China's land space planning, and sort out the obstacles and countermeasures to the implementation of this policy, so as to deepen the understanding of the connotation of land space planning. It is of great practical significance for all planners to correctly understand and clarify the specific contents and methods of land space planning and to smoothly promote the implementation of land space planning at all levels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=territorial%20spatial%20planning" title="territorial spatial planning">territorial spatial planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20policy" title=" public policy"> public policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20space" title=" land space"> land space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overall%20planning" title=" overall planning"> overall planning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159371/analysis-on-the-development-and-evolution-of-chinas-territorial-spatial-planning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159371.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3476</span> Design Patterns for Emergency Management Processes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tom%C3%A1%C5%A1%20Lud%C3%ADk">Tomáš Ludík</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%C5%99%C3%AD%20Barta"> Jiří Barta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Josef%20Navr%C3%A1til"> Josef Navrátil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Natural or human made disasters have a significant negative impact on the environment. At the same time there is an extensive effort to support management and decision making in emergency situations by information technologies. Therefore the purpose of the paper is to propose a design patterns applicable in emergency management, enabling better analysis and design of emergency management processes and therefore easier development and deployment of information systems in the field of emergency management. It will be achieved by detailed analysis of existing emergency management legislation, contingency plans, and information systems. The result is a set of design patterns focused at emergency management processes that enable easier design of emergency plans or development of new information system. These results will have a major impact on the development of new information systems as well as to more effective and faster solving of emergencies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analysis%20and%20design" title="analysis and design">analysis and design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Business%20Process%20Modelling%20Notation" title=" Business Process Modelling Notation"> Business Process Modelling Notation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contingency%20plans" title=" contingency plans"> contingency plans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20patterns" title=" design patterns"> design patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20management" title=" emergency management"> emergency management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2165/design-patterns-for-emergency-management-processes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2165.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">485</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3475</span> Effective Retirement Planning: Exploring Financial Planning Behavior in Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stanley%20Yap%20Peng%20Lok">Stanley Yap Peng Lok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chong%20Wei%20Ying"> Chong Wei Ying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leow%20Hon%20Wei"> Leow Hon Wei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Kimiyaghalam"> Fatemeh Kimiyaghalam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: This paper examines how people treat on the importance of financial planning for their retirement. There is lack of standard instrument that enable us to access the retirement planning behavior. This paper studies the reliability and validity of a proposed scale for accessing this behavior. Design/methodology/approach: The Retirement Planning Behavior scale (RPB) is developed from the results of reviewing different papers on this topic. A total of 900 Malaysians from the age of 18 and above are used as the sample. Findings: Our results show, firstly, the RPB meets all criteria from the instrument reliability and validity which based on the theory of planned behavior. Second, our findings propose two components for this RPB scale; attitude toward planning for retirement and intention towards retirement planning behavior. Practical implication: An effective retirement planning achieves financial independence after the retirement. Our findings have important implications for the scope and significance of the retirement planning behavior measurement, especially for retirees. Originality/value: This study proposes a new approach to cater consumers’ needs for retirement planning. Therefore, consumers are able to achieve financial independence in their retirement age. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retirement%20planning%20behavior%20%28RPB%29%20scale" title="retirement planning behavior (RPB) scale">retirement planning behavior (RPB) scale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability" title=" reliability"> reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=validity" title=" validity"> validity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retirement%20planning" title=" retirement planning"> retirement planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20independence" title=" financial independence"> financial independence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79083/effective-retirement-planning-exploring-financial-planning-behavior-in-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79083.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">408</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3474</span> Methodological Analysis and Exploration of Feminist Planning Research in the Field of Urban and Rural Planning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xi%20Zuo">Xi Zuo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As a part of the urban population that cannot be ignored, women have long been less involved in urban planning due to socio-economic constraints. Urban planning and development have long been influenced by the mainstream "male standard," paying less attention to women's needs for space in the city. However, with the development of the economy and society and the improvement of women's social status, their participation in urban life is gradually increasing, and their needs for the city are diversifying. Therefore, different scholars, planning designers and governmental departments have explored this field in different degrees and directions. This paper summarizes the research on urban planning from women's perspectives and, discusses its strengths, weaknesses, and methodology with specific case studies, and then further discusses the direction of further research on this topic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20planning" title="urban planning">urban planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feminism" title=" feminism"> feminism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methodology" title=" methodology"> methodology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183971/methodological-analysis-and-exploration-of-feminist-planning-research-in-the-field-of-urban-and-rural-planning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183971.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3473</span> The Change in Management Accounting from an Institutional Perspective: A Case Study for a Romania Company</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriel%20Jinga">Gabriel Jinga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madalina%20Dumitru"> Madalina Dumitru</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this paper is to present the process of change in management accounting in Romania, a former communist country from Eastern Europe. In order to explain this process, we used the contingency and institutional theories. We focused on the following directions: the presentation of the scientific context and motivation of this research and the case study. We presented the state of the art in the process of change in the management accounting from the international and national perspective. We also described the evolution of management accounting in Romania in the context of economic and political changes. An important moment was the fall of communism in 1989. This represents a starting point for a new economic environment and for new management accounting. Accordingly, we developed a case study which presented this evolution. The conclusion of our research was that the changes in the management accounting system of the company analysed occurred in the same time with the institutionalization of some elements (e.g. degree of competition, training and competencies in management accounting). The management accounting system was modeled by the contingencies specific to this company (e.g. environment, industry, strategy). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management%20accounting" title="management accounting">management accounting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=change" title=" change"> change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Romania" title=" Romania"> Romania</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contingency" title=" contingency"> contingency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20theory" title=" institutional theory"> institutional theory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22076/the-change-in-management-accounting-from-an-institutional-perspective-a-case-study-for-a-romania-company" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22076.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">516</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3472</span> Implementation-Oriented Discussion for Historical and Cultural Villages’ Conservation Planning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xing%20Zhang">Xing Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since the State Council of China issued the Regulations on the Conservation of Historical Cultural Towns and Villages in 2008, formulation of conservation planning has been carried out in national, provincial and municipal historical and cultural villages for protection needs, which provides a legal basis for inheritance of historical culture and protection of historical resources. Although the quantity and content of the conservation planning are continually increasing, the implementation and application are still ambiguous. To solve the aforementioned problems, this paper explores methods to enhance the implementation of conservation planning from the perspective of planning formulation. Specifically, the technical framework of "overall objectives planning - sub-objectives planning - zoning guidelines - implementation by stages" is proposed to implement the planning objectives in different classifications and stages. Then combined with details of the Qiqiao historical and cultural village conservation planning project in Ningbo, five sub-objectives are set, which are implemented through the village zoning guidelines. At the same time, the key points and specific projects in the near-term, medium-term and long-term work are clarified, and the spatial planning is transformed into the action plan with time scale. The proposed framework and method provide a reference for the implementation and management of the conservation planning of historical and cultural villages in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation%20planning" title="conservation planning">conservation planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planning%20by%20stages" title=" planning by stages"> planning by stages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planning%20implementation" title=" planning implementation"> planning implementation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zoning%20guidelines" title=" zoning guidelines"> zoning guidelines</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99602/implementation-oriented-discussion-for-historical-and-cultural-villages-conservation-planning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99602.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">242</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3471</span> On the Differentiation of Strategic Spatial Planning Making Mechanisms in New Era: between Melbourne and Tianjin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Liu">Z. Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Cao"> K. Cao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Strategic spatial planning, which is taken as an effective and competitive way for the governors of the city to improve the development and management level of a city, has been blooming in recent years all over the world. In the context of globalization and informatization, strategic spatial planning must transfer its focus on three different levels: global, regional and urban. Internal and external changes in environmental conditions lead to new advances in strategic planning both theoretically and practically. However, such advances or changes respond differently to cities on account of different dynamic mechanisms. This article aims at two cities of Tianjin in China and Melbourne in Australia, through a comparative study on strategic planning, to explore the differentiation of mechanisms in urban planning making. By comparison and exploration, the purpose of this article is to exhibit two different planning worlds between western and Chinese in a new way nowadays. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differentiation" title="differentiation">differentiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tianjin%20China" title=" Tianjin China"> Tianjin China</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melbourne%20Australia" title=" Melbourne Australia"> Melbourne Australia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20planning" title=" strategic planning"> strategic planning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7791/on-the-differentiation-of-strategic-spatial-planning-making-mechanisms-in-new-era-between-melbourne-and-tianjin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7791.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">621</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3470</span> Using Contingency Valuation Approaches to Assess Community Benefits through the Use of Great Zimbabwe World Heritage Site as a Tourism Attraction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nyasha%20Agnes%20Gurira">Nyasha Agnes Gurira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Ngulube"> Patrick Ngulube</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heritage as an asset can be used to achieve cultural and socio-economic development through its careful use as a tourist attraction. Cultural heritage sites, especially those listed as World Heritage sites generate a lot of revenue through their use as tourist attractions. According to article 5(a) of the World Heritage Convention, World Heritage Sites (WHS) must serve a function in the life of the communities. This is further stressed by the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) charter on cultural heritage tourism which recognizes the positive effects of tourism on cultural heritage and underlines that domestic and international tourism is among the foremost vehicles for cultural exchange, conservation should thus provide for responsible and well-managed opportunities for local communities. The inclusion of communities in the world heritage agenda identifies them as the owners of the heritage and partners in the management planning process. This reiterates the need to empower communities and enable them to participate in the decisions which relate to the use of their heritage divorcing from the ideals of viewing communities as beneficiaries from the heritage resource. It recognizes community ownership rights to cultural heritage an element enshrined in Zimbabwe’ national constitution. Through the use of contingency valuation approaches, by assessing the Willingness to pay for visitors at the site the research determined the tourism use value of Great Zimbabwe (WHS). It assessed the extent to which the communities at Great Zimbabwe (WHS) have been developed through the tourism use of the WHS. Findings show that the current management mechanism in place regards communities as stakeholders in the management of the WHS, their ownership and property rights are not fully recognized. They receive indirect benefits from the tourism use of the WHS. This paper calls for a shift in management approach where community ownership rights are fully recognized and more inclusive approaches are adopted to ensure that the goal of sustainable development is achieved. Pro-poor benefits of tourism are key to enhancing the livelihoods of communities and can only be achieved if their rights are recognized and respected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communities" title="communities">communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20heritage%20tourism" title=" cultural heritage tourism"> cultural heritage tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=property%20ownership%20rights" title=" property ownership rights"> property ownership rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pro-poor%20benefits" title=" pro-poor benefits"> pro-poor benefits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=world%20heritage%20site" title=" world heritage site"> world heritage site</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81694/using-contingency-valuation-approaches-to-assess-community-benefits-through-the-use-of-great-zimbabwe-world-heritage-site-as-a-tourism-attraction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81694.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">259</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3469</span> Agile Succession Planning in the Post-Covid World</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashneel%20Kumar%20Singh">Ashneel Kumar Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically transformed the global workforce, leading to significant challenges in staffing and employment. The shift to remote work, the health risks posed by the virus, and the phenomenon known as ‘The Great Termination’ have all contributed to the disruption of traditional succession planning methods. This paper explores how agile succession planning can be effectively implemented in the post-COVID world to retain top talent and ensure organizational resilience. Through a review of the literature and practical examples, the paper discusses the difficulties of succession planning in the current environment and the importance of adopting an agile approach and offers recommendations for businesses to navigate the complexities of succession planning in a rapidly changing landscape. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agile%20succession%20planning" title="agile succession planning">agile succession planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adopt%20a%20culture%20of%20continuous%20learning" title=" adopt a culture of continuous learning"> adopt a culture of continuous learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=create%20a%20multi-successor%20planning%20approach" title=" create a multi-successor planning approach"> create a multi-successor planning approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20great%20termination" title=" the great termination"> the great termination</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190099/agile-succession-planning-in-the-post-covid-world" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190099.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">35</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3468</span> Systematic Review of Functional Analysis in Brazil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felipe%20Magalhaes%20Lemos">Felipe Magalhaes Lemos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Functional behavior analysis is a procedure that has been studied for several decades by behavior analysts. In Brazil, we still have few studies in the area, so it was decided to carry out a systematic review of the articles published in the area by Brazilians. A search was done on the following scientific article registration sites: PsycINFO, ERIC, ISI Web of Science, Virtual Health Library. The research includes (a) peer-reviewed studies that (b) have been carried out in Brazil containing (c) functional assessment as a pre-treatment through (d) experimental procedures, direct or indirect observation and measurement of behavior problems (e) demonstrating a relationship between environmental events and behavior. During the review, 234 papers were found; however, only 9 were included in the final analysis. Of the 9 articles extracted, only 2 presented functional analysis procedures with manipulation of environmental variables, while the other 7 presented different procedures for a descriptive behavior assessment. Only the two studies using "functional analysis" used graphs to demonstrate the prevalent function of the behavior. Other studies described procedures and did not make clear the causal relationship between environment and behavior. There is still confusion in Brazil regarding the terms "functional analysis", "descriptive assessment" and "contingency analysis," which are generally treated in the same way. This study shows that few articles are published with a focus on functional analysis in Brazil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavior" title="behavior">behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contingency" title=" contingency"> contingency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=descriptive%20assessment" title=" descriptive assessment"> descriptive assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20analysis" title=" functional analysis"> functional analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129085/systematic-review-of-functional-analysis-in-brazil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129085.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3467</span> The Linkage of Urban and Energy Planning for Sustainable Cities: The Case of Denmark and Germany</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jens-Phillip%20Petersen">Jens-Phillip Petersen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The reduction of GHG emissions in buildings is a focus area of national energy policies in Europe, because buildings are responsible for a major share of the final energy consumption. It is at local scale where policies to increase the share of renewable energies and energy efficiency measures get implemented. Municipalities, as local authorities and responsible entity for land-use planning, have a direct influence on urban patterns and energy use, which makes them key actors in the transition towards sustainable cities. Hence, synchronizing urban planning with energy planning offers great potential to increase society’s energy-efficiency; this has a high significance to reach GHG-reduction targets. In this paper, the actual linkage of urban planning and energy planning in Denmark and Germany was assessed; substantive barriers preventing their integration and driving factors that lead to successful transitions towards a holistic urban energy planning procedures were identified. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20planning" title="energy planning">energy planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20planning" title=" urban planning"> urban planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energies" title=" renewable energies"> renewable energies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20cities" title=" sustainable cities"> sustainable cities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42208/the-linkage-of-urban-and-energy-planning-for-sustainable-cities-the-case-of-denmark-and-germany" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42208.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">352</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3466</span> Application of Production Planning to Improve Operation in Local Factory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bashayer%20Al-Enezi">Bashayer Al-Enezi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Budoor%20Al-Sabti"> Budoor Al-Sabti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eman%20Al-Durai"> Eman Al-Durai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatmah%20Kalban"> Fatmah Kalban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meshael%20Ahmed"> Meshael Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Production planning and control principles are concerned with planning, controlling and balancing all aspects of manufacturing including raw materials, finished goods, production schedules, and equipment requirements. Hence, an effective production planning and control system is very critical to the success of any factory. This project will focus on the application of production planning and control principles on “The National Canned Food Production and Trading Company (NCFP)” factory to find problems or areas for improvement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20planning" title="production planning">production planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operations%20improvement" title=" operations improvement"> operations improvement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20management" title=" inventory management"> inventory management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=National%20Canned%20Food%20Production%20and%20Trading%20Company%20%28NCFP%29" title=" National Canned Food Production and Trading Company (NCFP)"> National Canned Food Production and Trading Company (NCFP)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10770/application-of-production-planning-to-improve-operation-in-local-factory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10770.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">506</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3465</span> Systematic Approach for Energy-Supply-Orientated Production Planning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Keller">F. Keller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Reinhart"> G. Reinhart</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The efficient and economic allocation of resources is one main goal in the field of production planning and control. Nowadays, a new variable gains in importance throughout the planning process: Energy. Energy-efficiency has already been widely discussed in literature, but with a strong focus on reducing the overall amount of energy used in production. This paper provides a brief systematic approach, how energy-supply-orientation can be used for an energy-cost-efficient production planning and thus combining the idea of energy-efficiency and energy-flexibility. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20planning" title="production planning">production planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20control" title=" production control"> production control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy-efficiency" title=" energy-efficiency"> energy-efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy-flexibility" title=" energy-flexibility"> energy-flexibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy-supply" title=" energy-supply"> energy-supply</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26038/systematic-approach-for-energy-supply-orientated-production-planning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26038.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">649</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3464</span> Analysis of Risk-Based Disaster Planning in Local Communities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20A.%20Temah">R. A. Temah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20A.%20Nkengla-Asi"> L. A. Nkengla-Asi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Planning for future disasters sets the stage for a variety of activities that may trigger multiple recurring operations and expose the community to opportunities to minimize risks. Local communities are increasingly embracing the necessity for planning based on local risks, but are also significantly challenged to effectively plan and response to disasters. This research examines basic risk-based disaster planning model and compares it with advanced risk-based planning that introduces the identification and alignment of varieties of local capabilities within and out of the local community that can be pivotal to facilitate the management of local risks and cascading effects prior to a disaster. A critical review shows that the identification and alignment of capabilities can potentially enhance risk-based disaster planning. A tailored holistic approach to risk based disaster planning is pivotal to enhance collective action and a reduction in disaster collective cost<em>.</em> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capabilities" title="capabilities">capabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaster%20planning" title=" disaster planning"> disaster planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hazards" title=" hazards"> hazards</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20community" title=" local community"> local community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk-based" title=" risk-based"> risk-based</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103690/analysis-of-risk-based-disaster-planning-in-local-communities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a 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