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Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vectran" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%99%E3%82%AF%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3" title="ベクトラン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ベクトラン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vectran_(materia%C5%82)" title="Vectran (materiał) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Vectran (materiał)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vectran_(LCP)" title="Vectran (LCP) – 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class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Formula_Liquid-Crystal-Polymer.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Formula_Liquid-Crystal-Polymer.svg/250px-Formula_Liquid-Crystal-Polymer.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Formula_Liquid-Crystal-Polymer.svg/330px-Formula_Liquid-Crystal-Polymer.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Formula_Liquid-Crystal-Polymer.svg/500px-Formula_Liquid-Crystal-Polymer.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="280" /></a><figcaption>Molecular structure of Vectran LCP</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Vectran</b> is a manufactured fiber, spun from a <a href="/wiki/Liquid-crystal_polymer" title="Liquid-crystal polymer">liquid-crystal polymer</a> (LCP) created by <a href="/wiki/Celanese_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Celanese Corporation">Celanese Corporation</a> and now manufactured by <a href="/wiki/Kuraray" title="Kuraray">Kuraray</a>. Chemically it is an <a href="/wiki/Aromatic" class="mw-redirect" title="Aromatic">aromatic</a> <a href="/wiki/Polyester" title="Polyester">polyester</a> produced by the <a href="/wiki/Polycondensation" class="mw-redirect" title="Polycondensation">polycondensation</a> of <a href="/wiki/4-hydroxybenzoic_acid" class="mw-redirect" title="4-hydroxybenzoic acid">4-hydroxybenzoic acid</a> and 6-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Properties">Properties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vectran&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Properties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Advantages">Advantages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vectran&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Advantages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vectran's golden fibers are noted for their <a href="/wiki/Thermal_stability" title="Thermal stability">thermal stability</a> at high temperatures, high strength and <a href="/wiki/Young%27s_modulus" title="Young's modulus">modulus</a>, low <a href="/wiki/Creep_(deformation)" title="Creep (deformation)">creep</a>, and good chemical stability. They are moisture-resistant and generally stable in hostile environments. <a href="/wiki/Polyester" title="Polyester">Polyester</a> coating is often used around a Vectran core; <a href="/wiki/Polyurethane" title="Polyurethane">polyurethane</a> coating can improve <a href="/wiki/Abrasion_(mechanical)" title="Abrasion (mechanical)">abrasion</a> resistance and act as a water barrier. Vectran has a melting point of 330 °C, with progressive strength loss from 220 °C. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Disadvantages">Disadvantages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vectran&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Disadvantages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although the tensile strength is similar to <a href="/wiki/Kevlar" title="Kevlar">Kevlar</a>, Vectran still tends to experience tensile fractures when exposed to significant stress. The wispy, hair-like fibers tend to fray, to easily acquire dirt, and to readily entangle in <a href="/wiki/Hook-and-loop_fastener" title="Hook-and-loop fastener">hook-and-loop fasteners</a>, from which they must sometimes then be cut or (when possible) torn.<sup id="cite_ref-HearleLomas1998_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HearleLomas1998-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If used without protective coatings, Vectran has low resistance to UV degradation, and should not be used long-term in outdoor environments. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage">Usage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vectran&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vectran fibers are used as reinforcing (matrix) fibers for <a href="/wiki/Rope" title="Rope">ropes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electrical_cable" title="Electrical cable">electrical cables</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sailcloth" title="Sailcloth">sailcloth</a>, and advanced <a href="/wiki/Composite_material" title="Composite material">composite materials</a>, professional bike tires, and in electronics applications. It is used as one of the layers in the softgoods structure of NASA's Extravehicular Mobility Unit (spacesuit) designed and manufactured by <a href="/wiki/ILC_Dover" title="ILC Dover">ILC Dover</a> and was the fabric used for all of the airbag landings on Mars: <a href="/wiki/Mars_Pathfinder" title="Mars Pathfinder">Mars Pathfinder</a> in 1997<sup id="cite_ref-wm20100304_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wm20100304-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and on the twin <a href="/wiki/Mars_Exploration_Rover" title="Mars Exploration Rover">Mars Exploration Rovers</a> <i>Spirit</i> and <i>Opportunity</i> missions in 2004, also designed and manufactured by <a href="/wiki/ILC_Dover" title="ILC Dover">ILC Dover</a> .<sup id="cite_ref-vfdc20100304_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vfdc20100304-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The material was used again on NASA's 2011 <a href="/wiki/Mars_Science_Laboratory" title="Mars Science Laboratory">Mars Science Laboratory</a> in the bridle cables.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vectran is a key component of a line of inflatable spacecraft developed by <a href="/wiki/Bigelow_Aerospace" title="Bigelow Aerospace">Bigelow Aerospace</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-bbc20060714_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc20060714-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> not only on two stations which are in orbit<sup id="cite_ref-space20080509_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-space20080509-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ba20090423_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ba20090423-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but also the <a href="/wiki/Bigelow_Expandable_Activity_Module" title="Bigelow Expandable Activity Module">Bigelow Expandable Activity Module</a> which <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> is testing for its radiation shielding and thermal control capabilities.<sup id="cite_ref-ns20100303_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ns20100303-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Department of Homeland Security">United States Department of Homeland Security</a> is sponsoring development of an inflatable plug made of Vectran to prevent flooding in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">New York City Subway</a> tunnels and for <a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_and_tunnels_in_New_York_City" title="List of bridges and tunnels in New York City">other tunnels</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, as it is strong but relatively inexpensive, and not edible for <a href="/wiki/Rats_in_New_York_City" title="Rats in New York City">rats</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fountain20121120_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fountain20121120-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vectran fiber is also used in manufacturing badminton strings such as <a href="/wiki/Yonex" title="Yonex">Yonex</a> BG-85 and BG-80. Vectran is also used in the manufacturing of Carlton Vapour Trail badminton rackets.<sup id="cite_ref-yonex2011_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yonex2011-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vectran is used as a puncture protection layer in Continental Bicycle tyres such as the Grand Prix 5000, Competition tubular (single layer) and Grand Prix 4 season (two layers). Vectran does not increase rolling resistance or downgrade casing performance.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vectran&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Kuraray" title="Kuraray">Kuraray Co., Ltd.</a> began manufacturing Vectran in 1990. As of June 2007<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vectran&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Kuraray has owned 100% of the worldwide Vectran production since 2005 when they acquired the Vectran business from <a href="/wiki/Celanese#Advanced_Engineered_Materials" title="Celanese">Celanese Advanced Materials Inc.</a> (CAMI), based in <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a><sup id="cite_ref-kpr20070622_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kpr20070622-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The total capacity of Vectran expanded from about 600 <a href="/wiki/Ton" title="Ton">tons</a>/yr in 2007 to 1000 tons/yr in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-kpr20070622_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kpr20070622-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vectran&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aramid" title="Aramid">Aramid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twaron" title="Twaron">Twaron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_fiber" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon fiber">Carbon fiber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vectra_(plastic)" title="Vectra (plastic)">Vectra</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vectran&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120605012220/http://www.vectranfiber.com/BrochureProductInformation/MolecularStructure.aspx">"Vectran molecular structure"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vectranfiber.com/BrochureProductInformation/MolecularStructure.aspx">the original</a> on 2012-06-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-12-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vectran+molecular+structure&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vectranfiber.com%2FBrochureProductInformation%2FMolecularStructure.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVectran" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HearleLomas1998-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HearleLomas1998_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJ._W._S._HearleBrenda_LomasWilliam_D._Cooke1998" class="citation cs2">J. W. S. Hearle; Brenda Lomas; William D. Cooke (1998), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cDGI2zF_GFsC&pg=PA468"><i>Atlas of Fibre Fracture and Damage to Textiles</i></a>, Woodhead Publishing, p. 468, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85573-319-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85573-319-0"><bdi>978-1-85573-319-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Atlas+of+Fibre+Fracture+and+Damage+to+Textiles&rft.pages=468&rft.pub=Woodhead+Publishing&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-1-85573-319-0&rft.au=J.+W.+S.+Hearle&rft.au=Brenda+Lomas&rft.au=William+D.+Cooke&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcDGI2zF_GFsC%26pg%3DPA468&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVectran" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wm20100304-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wm20100304_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.warwickmills.com/Vectran.aspx">Vectran Fiber -- Roll Goods and Custom Applications</a>, Warwick Mills, "woven Vectran to strengthen fabric for use [on] NASA's Pathfinder mission to Mars", accessed 2010-03-04.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vfdc20100304-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-vfdc20100304_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vectranfiber.com/applications.asp">Vectran Product Properties and Applications -- Industrial/Military/Aerospace</a>, "The success of the [Pathfinder] landing has led to the selection of this same technology using Vectran fiber for two additional rover landings in 2004.", accessed 2010-03-04.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA11428">"PIA11428: Device for Lowering Mars Science Laboratory Rover to the Surface"</a>. <a href="/wiki/JPL" class="mw-redirect" title="JPL">JPL</a>. 2008-11-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PIA11428%3A+Device+for+Lowering+Mars+Science+Laboratory+Rover+to+the+Surface&rft.pub=JPL&rft.date=2008-11-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphotojournal.jpl.nasa.gov%2Fcatalog%2FPIA11428&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVectran" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc20060714-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bbc20060714_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/5173388.stm">Inflatable space module puffs up</a>, Jonathan Fildes, BBC News, 14 Jul 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-space20080509-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-space20080509_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMalik2008" class="citation news cs1">Malik, Tariq (2008-05-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.space.com/missionlaunches/080509-bigelow-genesis1-milestone.html">"Private Space Station Prototype Hits Orbital Milestone"</a>. <i>Space.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-10-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Space.com&rft.atitle=Private+Space+Station+Prototype+Hits+Orbital+Milestone&rft.date=2008-05-09&rft.aulast=Malik&rft.aufirst=Tariq&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2Fmissionlaunches%2F080509-bigelow-genesis1-milestone.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVectran" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ba20090423-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ba20090423_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bigelowaerospace.com/news/?Genesis_II_Completes_10,000_Orbits!">"Genesis II Completes 10,000 Orbits!"</a>. <i>BigelowAerospace.com</i>. 2009-04-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-10-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BigelowAerospace.com&rft.atitle=Genesis+II+Completes+10%2C000+Orbits%21&rft.date=2009-04-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bigelowaerospace.com%2Fnews%2F%3FGenesis_II_Completes_10%2C000_Orbits%21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVectran" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ns20100303-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ns20100303_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn18607-nasa-turned-on-by-blowup-space-stations.html">NASA turned on by blow-up space stations</a>, Paul Marks, <i><a href="/wiki/New_Scientist" title="New Scientist">New Scientist</a></i>, 2010-03-03, accessed 2010-03-03.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fountain20121120-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fountain20121120_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFountain,_Henry2012" class="citation news cs1">Fountain, Henry (2012-11-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/20/science/creating-a-balloonlike-plug-to-hold-back-floodwaters.html?pagewanted=2&_r=1&pagewanted=all&">"Holding Back Floodwaters With a Balloon"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. pp. D1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 20,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Holding+Back+Floodwaters+With+a+Balloon&rft.pages=D1&rft.date=2012-11-20&rft.au=Fountain%2C+Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2012%2F11%2F20%2Fscience%2Fcreating-a-balloonlike-plug-to-hold-back-floodwaters.html%3Fpagewanted%3D2%26_r%3D1%26pagewanted%3Dall%26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVectran" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yonex2011-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-yonex2011_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yonex.com/badminton/webcatalog2011/#page=31">"Yonex 2011 Catalog"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-07-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yonex+2011+Catalog&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yonex.com%2Fbadminton%2Fwebcatalog2011%2F%23page%3D31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVectran" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.continental-tires.com/bicycle/technology/city-trekking/vectran">"continental bicycle Vectran"</a>. <i>www.continental-tires.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.continental-tires.com&rft.atitle=continental+bicycle+Vectran&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.continental-tires.com%2Fbicycle%2Ftechnology%2Fcity-trekking%2Fvectran&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVectran" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kpr20070622-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kpr20070622_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kpr20070622_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.k-online.de/cipp/md_k/custom/pub/content,lang,2/oid,7135">"Kuraray Expands VECTRAN Superfiber Manufacturing"</a> (Press release). Kuraray via K-Online.de. 2007-06-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-05-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kuraray+Expands+VECTRAN+Superfiber+Manufacturing&rft.pub=Kuraray+via+K-Online.de&rft.date=2007-06-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.k-online.de%2Fcipp%2Fmd_k%2Fcustom%2Fpub%2Fcontent%2Clang%2C2%2Foid%2C7135&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVectran" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vectran&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vectranfiber.com/">Vectran official site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kuraray.co.jp/en/">Kuraray official site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.swicofil.com/vectranengineering.pdf">Vectran | Engineering Data by SWICOFIL</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.warwickmills.com/chem-bio/vectran-substrate.aspx">Vectran fiber weaver</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imattec.com/">long fibre spun yarn</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.teijin-aramid.com/eng/tech_tokutyo.htm">Technora, aramid fiber</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040216121531/http://marsrovers.nasa.gov/mission/spacecraft_edl_airbags.html">Vectran in Mars rover airbags</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.continental-tires.com/bicycle/technology/city-trekking/vectran">https://www.continental-tires.com/bicycle/technology/city-trekking/vectran</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Fibers284" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#e7dac1"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a 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fiber">Natural</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ecdfc8;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fiber_crop" title="Fiber crop">Plant</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abac%C3%A1" title="Abacá">Abacá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagasse" title="Bagasse">Bagasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamboo_textile" title="Bamboo textile">Bamboo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musa_basjoo" title="Musa basjoo">Bashō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coir" title="Coir">Coir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton">Cotton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fique" title="Fique">Fique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flax" title="Flax">Flax</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linen" title="Linen">Linen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemp" title="Hemp">Hemp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jute" title="Jute">Jute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceiba_pentandra" title="Ceiba pentandra">Kapok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenaf" title="Kenaf">Kenaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus_silk" title="Lotus silk">Lotus silk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi%C3%B1a" title="Piña">Piña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetable_flannel" title="Vegetable flannel">Pine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raffia_palm" title="Raffia palm">Raffia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramie" title="Ramie">Ramie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rattan" title="Rattan">Rattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisal" title="Sisal">Sisal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_fibre" title="Wood fibre">Wood</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ecdfc8;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Animal_fiber" title="Animal fiber">Animal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpaca_fiber" title="Alpaca fiber">Alpaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angora_wool" title="Angora wool">Angora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byssus" title="Byssus">Byssus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camel_hair" title="Camel hair">Camel hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cashmere_wool" title="Cashmere wool">Cashmere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catgut" title="Catgut">Catgut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiengora" title="Chiengora">Chiengora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanaco#Guanaco_fiber" title="Guanaco">Guanaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair" title="Hair">Hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llama#Fiber" title="Llama">Llama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohair" title="Mohair">Mohair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashmina_(material)" title="Pashmina (material)">Pashmina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiviut" title="Qiviut">Qiviut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabbit_hair" title="Rabbit hair">Rabbit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silk" title="Silk">Silk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tendon" title="Tendon">Tendon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spider_silk" title="Spider silk">Spider silk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wool" title="Wool">Wool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicu%C3%B1a_wool" title="Vicuña wool">Vicuña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yak_fiber" title="Yak fiber">Yak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ecdfc8;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mineral_fiber" class="mw-redirect" title="Mineral fiber">Mineral</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asbestos" title="Asbestos">Asbestos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#e7dac1;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fiber#Chemical" title="Fiber">Synthetic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ecdfc8;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Regenerated_fiber" class="mw-redirect" title="Regenerated fiber">Regenerated</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_silk" title="Artificial silk">Artificial silk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_fiber" title="Milk fiber">Milk fiber</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ecdfc8;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Semi-synthetic_fiber" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-synthetic fiber">Semi-synthetic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cellulose_acetate" title="Cellulose acetate">Acetate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cellulose_diacetate" title="Cellulose diacetate">Diacetate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyocell" title="Lyocell">Lyocell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modal_(textile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Modal (textile)">Modal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi%C3%B1atex" title="Piñatex">Piñatex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayon" title="Rayon">Rayon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cellulose_triacetate" title="Cellulose triacetate">Triacetate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ecdfc8;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mineral_fiber" class="mw-redirect" title="Mineral fiber">Mineral</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glass_fiber" title="Glass fiber">Glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_fibers" title="Carbon fibers">Carbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boron_fiber" title="Boron fiber">Boron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basalt_fiber" title="Basalt fiber">Basalt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metallic_fiber" title="Metallic fiber">Metallic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ecdfc8;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fiber#Polymer_fibers" title="Fiber">Polymer</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acrylic_fiber" title="Acrylic fiber">Acrylic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aramid" title="Aramid">Aramid</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Twaron" title="Twaron">Twaron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevlar" title="Kevlar">Kevlar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technora" title="Technora">Technora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomex" title="Nomex">Nomex</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microfiber" title="Microfiber">Microfiber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modacrylic" title="Modacrylic">Modacrylic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nylon" title="Nylon">Nylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olefin_fiber" title="Olefin fiber">Olefin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyester" title="Polyester">Polyester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyethylene" title="Polyethylene">Polyethylene</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ultra-high-molecular-weight_polyethylene" title="Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene">UHMWPE</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spandex" title="Spandex">Spandex</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vectran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinylon" title="Vinylon">Vinylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinyon" title="Vinyon">Vinyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zylon" title="Zylon">Zylon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#e7dac1"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" 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class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>5 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> 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